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business meetings. At traditional science-fiction conventions, there is little or no distinction made between the "pros" and the "fans". Many professionals in the field began as fans, and may still consider themselves fans; and more than a few fans have also worked professionally or semi-professionally in the field. At a small number of cons, there is a category for "Attending
Professionals", professionals who are paying full con price to enter but also get a special name badge that proclaims them to be professionals in whatever field they are involved in.
1073:(in terms of attendance) tend to be commercial ones. Commercial events tend to be more likely to be about comics, manga, anime, and popular visual media than volunteer cons, and they also tend to attract the younger generation, but this is not absolute by any means. Some commercial conventions have official licences from the company which produces a particular movie or TV show to run a convention about a particular movie or show. They have been known to aggressively go after fan-run conventions via their legal teams.
567:), and stalls selling merchandise related to the event's theme and named using the Vril-Ya language as presented in the novel. However, the event was not contemporaneously referred to as a science fiction convention and was primarily a fundraiser for the London Massage and Galvanic Hospital, one of a number of such events held with other, non-science fictional, themes put on by the hospital's founder Dr. Herbert Tibbits. (The event not only failed as a fundraiser, but led to Tibbits' personal bankruptcy.)
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561:, which involves the Vril-Ya, a subterranean race of winged superhuman beings. The event at the Royal Albert Hall featured elements similar to those of later science fiction conventions (in particular modern commercial events), such as special guests (although apparently none directly related to the novel or science fiction generally), special events and other performances, set pieces and special effects (such as flying "Vril-Ya" mannequins), costumes (essentially what later came to be called
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535:. The format can vary but will tend to have a few similar features such as a guest of honour, discussion panels, readings and large special events such as opening/closing ceremonies and some form of party or entertainment. Science fiction conventions started off primarily in the United Kingdom and the United States but have now spread further. Several countries have their own individual conventions, as well as playing host to rotating international conventions.
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619:. This event came to be known as the "Second Eastern" and set the stage for the successful Third Eastern held in Philadelphia on October 30, 1937, and the subsequent Fourth Eastern held on May 29, 1938, which attracted over 100 attendees to a meeting hall in Newark, NJ and designated itself as "The First National Science Fiction Convention." It was at this event that a committee was named to arrange the first
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volunteer cons. Admission to volunteer cons is usually called "membership", thus emphasizing that the fans themselves are the ones who make up the con, rather than the staff who run commercial cons. A community of fans who run such conventions has developed, and many of them share their best practices and keep convention-running traditions alive, including at specialist con-running conventions such as
25:
67:
736:, hundreds of local and regional science fiction conventions have sprung up around the world either as one-time or annual events. At these conventions, fans of science fiction come together with the professional writers, artists, and filmmakers in the genre to discuss its many aspects. Some cities have a number of science-fiction conventions, as well as a number of special interest conventions for
1155:. These guests are to some extent the headliners of the convention. A convention may have as many Guests of Honor as the convention committee wishes. Along with Author and perhaps Fan Guests of Honor (fans who are not necessarily celebrities but have made a significant contribution to the fan community), a convention may have an Artist GoH, Editor GoH,
977:. These events have become much larger than traditional SF conventions; nearly a hundred thousand people attend Comic-Con in San Diego each year. Although not all of them are commercial ventures, they tend to suffer the same drawbacks as commercial shows (long lines, overcrowding, etc.) due to the sheer size of the events.
776:(or WSFS), an unincorporated body whose members are defined as "all people who have paid membership dues to the Committee of the current Worldcon" (i.e., that are either upcoming or currently under way). These members of WSFS vote both to select the site of the Worldcon two years in advance and to select the winners of the
740:, media, or other related groups. Some conventions move from city to city, serving a particular country, region, or special interest. Nearly every weekend of the year now has at least one convention somewhere and some conventions are held on holiday weekends where four or more days can be devoted to events.
816:
community, and is primarily a professional gathering (for writers, editors, publishers, etc.). Many of those who attend "World
Fantasy" also attend Worldcon. However, this convention is more focused on authors and publishing, with a much higher proportion of authors in attendance; as such it does not
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Many con-goers take pride in being interesting and unusual, and naturally many cons are highly idiosyncratic. Cons often have activities, running jokes, organizational methods and other features that not only differentiate them from other cons but are often a point of pride. Most cons vary from the
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Many conventions have a "dead dog party" in the evening of the last day of the convention, after closing ceremonies. This is the traditional winding-down party where the remaining attendees are unlikely to have huge amounts of energy. This party is an attempt to ease people back into the real world
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Conventions provide a forum for fans to see first-hand and meet their favorite authors and artists. They also serve the interests of authors, editors, and other publishing professionals, providing opportunities for networking, promotion, and a convenient location for contract negotiations and other
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pay to set up booths to sell autographs and memorabilia. Commercial events also tend to have less small-scale programming; panels will more often be composed of famous actors, directors, etc. on press junkets, where the panels are held in very large rooms with very high attendance. The largest cons
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in New York in 1939; formalizing planning that had begun at the Third
Eastern. The "First National", which included the participation of a number of well-known New York editors and professionals from outside fan circles, was a milestone in the evolution of science-fiction conventions as a place for
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Local conventions, which are offshoots of the main regional conventions, draw fans from the immediate area in which the convention is being held, though these have very few attendees who have traveled from afar to attend the main convention. Some local conventions, including events run by student
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Evening entertainment often includes a combination of official and unofficial events, including concerts, dances, formal invitational dinners, and fandom-themed room parties. Additionally, other convention committees hold room parties in order to promote their own convention and to increase their
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The first night of the convention "Opening
Ceremonies" are often held, where organizers and marquee guests are introduced and speeches might be made. Sometimes, conventions will have a skits, musical performances, video clips, or other samples of the convention as part of the Opening Ceremonies.
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The event's "weapons policy" may offer objective criteria to determine what looks like a weapon. For example, a weapons policy may require a peace-bond for anything that a reasonable person might recognize as a weapon from a short distance in dim light. Real weapons, if allowed, are disabled,
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Volunteer cons, on the other hand, tend to be smaller in scope and more intimate in character. Panels may be more lightly attended; however, it is the fans themselves who mostly take part in the panels. Although there are frequent autograph sessions, they tend to be less of an attraction for
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is often held where persons go on stage and compete for nominal prizes based on their skill in assembling and presenting genre-inspired outfits. This, however, would be more accurately labelled a "talent show" rather than the "fancy dress ball" that the term suggests (although
British fandom
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The World Horror
Convention is an annual gathering of professionals of the World Horror Society and other interested parties. Up till 2009, all World Horror Conventions had been held in the United States or Canada, usually alternating between the east and west sides of the country. The 2010
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in general. Some conventions have well-attended, scheduled panels starting as late as midnight. Panel members (even professionals) are not customarily paid for their appearance, although many North-American conventions waive membership fees for program participants or rebate them after the
575:, August 1935), "It was a big convention. Lovecraft was there." Sometime in 1936, a group of British fans made plans to have an organized gathering, with a planned program of events in a public venue in early 1937. However, on October 22, 1936, a group of six or seven fans from
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in a holster. Simulated or costume props may require conspicuous marks, such as bright ribbons or zip ties, to show that security has deemed them safe to be carried. Simulated weapons or props which can be used as a weapon may be disabled or secured in the way as real weapons.
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is often provided as a room reserved for light refreshments, a quiet conversation, and a place to briefly rest. The refreshments typically include coffee, tea, juice or soda, and light meals appropriate for the time of day. Depending on local liquor distribution and
1527:, the President of Mnstf (the con's sponsoring organization) declared himself to be President for Life. This was resolved by play-assassinating the President. Ever since then, the President has been "assassinated" by various humorous means at Closing Ceremonies.
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to formally mark the end of the convention. Depending on the convention, this can be a major gathering of most of the membership, or it may be lightly attended or dispensed with entirely as members are occupied with packing up and checking out of the hotel.
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is an event where the most popular items from the art show are sold to the most interested buyers at the convention. Many conventions also have auctions for charities, either formal or fannish; the latter would include auctions on behalf of TAFF (the
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Usually run for profit, commercial events tend to charge for "tickets" or "admission" rather than having "memberships". A primary focus of commercial events is meeting celebrities, such as stars of science fiction TV show and movies, anime
771:
Worldcon, or more formally The World
Science Fiction Convention, is a science fiction convention that has been held each year since 1939 (except for the years 1942 through 1945, during World War II). It is the annual convention of the
599:. They subsequently declared that event to be the first "science fiction convention." This small get-together set the stage for a follow-up event held in New York, in February 1937, where "30 or 40" fans gathered at Bohemian Hall in
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At some conventions, attendees carry real weapons or costume props that appear to be weapons. To forestall concerns about mis-use of real weapons at such events, the security team "peace-bonds" anything that might look like a weapon.
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1041:" is used for conventions which tend to be less about programming, and more about socializing within the fan community; this is quite different from "sercon" (SERious CONstructive discussion of science-fiction topics) conventions.
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The precise time and place of the first science fiction convention is a matter of some dispute. The idea and form was clearly anticipated in Robert Bloch's short story about a large convention of writers, "The
Ultimate Ultimatum"
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Peace-bonding helps security control the use or abuse of real weapons at a convention or other event: anything that looks like a weapon but which is not peace-bonded is immediately deemed to be suspicious. SF writer
643:, contend that the Philadelphia meeting was a convention in name only, whereas other fan historians point out that many similar gatherings since then have been called "conventions" without eliciting any disagreement.
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An important distinction can be made between commercial events (often called "shows") – those run by dedicated companies who specialize in con organization, or by local for-profit firms – and volunteer-run cons.
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is usually considered alongside science fiction at conventions (the terms were used interchangeably for most of the period from 1926–1966). Conventions that are nominally science-fiction conventions, such as
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Some conventions are focused on (audio-visual) "media", that is, science fiction on film and television. There are general media conventions covering a broad range of science fiction in media, such as
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outside of the convention and can be an effective method of warding off the depression which is often associated with the end of a major event. A dead dog party can last until the following morning.
551:, a charitable event held at the Hall in 1891, was the world's first science fiction convention. The event was a multi-day fundraising bazaar themed around the popular 1871 science fiction novel
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Just as art shows display the visual aspect of science fiction, many conventions include concerts or other music-oriented events as part of the convention. Often these are performances by
1647:
1353:; that is, it is open to all comers and all art submitted is exhibited for sale. This naturally leads to a wide variety of types of artwork, from professional illustrations to
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1472:, the suite may serve alcohol. At conventions in the rest of the world, the hotel or convention centre bar typically offers the same social function. At conventions in the
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convention. Most media conventions are commercial shows run for profit, though some are organized by non-profit fan groups similar to general science-fiction conventions.
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Regardless of what gathering is held to have been the first science fiction convention, American fans had organized sufficiently by 1939 to hold, in conjunction with the
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Some program items are set presentations by experts. Science speakers are among the most popular program items at many conventions. Slides (either photographic or
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writes on her website, "I was a witness of pre-peacebonding times, was narrowly missed, and assure you this is a good idea. Read the convention weapons policy."
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is a conspicuous lock, tie, or mark which makes or identifies something unusable, such as a weapon, and shows that the owner's intentions are purely peaceful.
780:, which are presented at the convention. The rules for venue selection are deliberately drafted to ensure the convention occurs in a different city each year.
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1342:, a section of hotel rooms from which dealers sell goods, while larger conventions may have both an official dealers' room and an unofficial dealers' row.
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515:. Historically, science fiction conventions had focused primarily on literature, but the purview of many extends to such other avenues of expression as
1534:
Most cons will tend to evolve many of their own idiosyncrasies along these lines. To fans, these are often part of the charm each convention offers.
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Some conventions feature award ceremonies, in which the best works and most notable individuals are recognized for their contributions to the field.
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The name comes from the idiom "until the last dog is hung" (or "... is dead"), meaning "until the very end of the event" or "till the bitter end".
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usually include the broad range of events (masquerade, dances, video room, etc.) that one would normally find at a general-interest convention.
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groups from high schools or colleges, draw their attendance solely from the student body and campus neighborhood. Others, such as those run by
1219:
Readings and "kaffeeklatsches" are program items where a single author either reads from their work or has an informal discussion with fans.
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where genre-inspired art is displayed and usually made available for auction or purchase. Smaller conventions may simply have an informal
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is the oldest of these. National conventions are often run by, or in association with, a national
Science-fiction organization or club.
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Before the age of inexpensive travel, regional conventions arose to attract fans from broad geographical areas. The oldest of these is
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is a room party held to influence the choice of the location of a future convention (such as
Worldcon) by advertising its advantages.
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1621:"'The Coming Race' and 'Vril-Ya' Bazaar and Fete, in joint aid of The West End Hospital, and the School of Massage and Electricity"
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was begun in 1975, and has since been held on an annual basis. The World Fantasy Convention, however, is less oriented toward the
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1451:, are popular as they don't require a large time commitment or deep knowledge of rules, thus allowing casual gamers to join in.
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1773:. Extensive essay on the gathering in Leeds, with photographs of all 14 known attendees, several taken at the convention.
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gathers people from around the world who are mainly interested in science fiction, fantasy, and historical costuming.
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Although wide variations exist between different conventions, there is a general pattern to which most adhere.
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is held each year somewhere in Europe, often in eastern European countries where fandom is a new phenomenon. A
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There are many conventions focused on particular special interests within science fiction. For example,
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above outline in one or more important ways, and many have their own unique cultural characteristics.
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are also available at some conventions for attendees to play a variety of genre games, including
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is available, where merchants sell wares which may be of interest to fans. These include books,
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From comics and media fandom, a category of "popular culture" conventions has emerged, such as
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On January 3, 1937, the British fans held their long-planned event at the Theosophical Hall in
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science-fiction (SF) professionals, as well as fans, to meet their colleagues in person.
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1648:"5-10 March 1891: Bovril and the first ever Sci-Fi convention, at the Royal Albert Hall"
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A National Convention is usually held annually in a number of countries. The British
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in which genre-related audiovisual presentations take place, typically commercial
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or Music GoH, a Toastmaster, and Special Guests. A Memorial Guest of Honor (as at
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ceremony has been held in conjunction with the convention for the last few years.
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secured, and marked. For example, bright orange zip ties may be used to hold a
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universities, may draw from a wider audience than just the university itself.
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Many cons have idiosyncratic names, including puns, in-jokes, or portmanteaus.
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concentrates on the vastness of human diversity. Filking conventions such as
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for dubious distinctions in science fiction, including an annual award for
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2121:. A listing site for mainly European events plus the major global events.
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are paid tens of thousands of dollars per convention, minor and obscure
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674:. The first Worldcon held outside the United States was Torcon I in
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Futurespeak: A Fan's Guide to the Language of Science Fiction
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for presentation of actual movies on film instead of video.
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in 1941. Like many cultural events, it was suspended during
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in any year when the Worldcon is outside of North America.
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although the majority of Worldcons are still held in the
1961:"Conomastics: The Naming of Science Fiction Conventions"
1873:"75 Years Of Capes and Face Paint: A History of Cosplay"
1846:
1677:"The ill-fated, SF-themed "Coming Race Bazaar" of 1891"
1029:
combines science fiction with technology, particularly
900:, with a focus on Southern culture in science fiction.
837:
1017:, FilkOntario, and GaFilk gather those interested in
1537:
1282:, though other musicians may also appear at a con.
748:
1084:
678:in 1948; since then, Worldcons have been held in
73:winners at Worldcon 2005 in Glasgow, August 2005.
4469:
1285:A convention may have one or more auctions. The
808:, are also fantasy conventions in all but name.
2092:"A list of convention rules & guidelines",
1890:
1317:
1251:has several award ceremonies, most notably the
1178:
980:
935:convention; "Galaxyfest," the yearly event in
3697:
2140:
481:
1459:At North American conventions, a convention
743:
783:
3704:
3690:
2147:
2133:
1045:Commercial shows vs. volunteer conventions
993:Science Fiction Convention, is focused on
820:
488:
474:
1864:
1376:Traditionally, many conventions have had
886:North American Science Fiction Convention
1995:, New York: Paragon House, p. 244,
1236:sometimes uses the term "fancy dress").
1138:
1127:
1116:
1108:
1096:
752:
65:
49:of all important aspects of the article.
1896:
1870:
1670:
1668:
957:Comic and "popular culture" conventions
863:
851:
4470:
2891:Writers and Illustrators of the Future
1952:
1924:
1445:. Easy, fast-playing card games, e.g.
1240:fans might refer to the masquerade as
658:. Subsequent conventions were held in
45:Please consider expanding the lead to
4157:Organization for Transformative Works
3685:
2128:
2052:"US and Canadian Convention Finder",
1988:
1674:
1645:
427:Internet Speculative Fiction Database
2081:"SF Natcon & European Listing",
1665:
1257:Sidewise Award for Alternate History
916:
903:
728:Category:Science fiction conventions
18:
2154:
2015:
1601:List of science fiction conventions
724:List of science fiction conventions
603:. Attendees at this event included
438:The Encyclopedia of Science Fiction
13:
2103:"Southern Fandom Resource Guide",
1958:
1925:Safire, William (April 12, 1992).
1899:"'Star Trek' Bit Players Cling On"
1871:Raymond, Adam K. (July 24, 2014).
1731:
1538:Peace-bonding and weapons policies
1092:
14:
4494:
2033:
2022:FIAWOL and all that: peacebonding
1847:"GAFilk: Georgia Filk Convention"
1483:
1222:
106:List of alternate history fiction
3664:
3655:
3654:
2239:Apocalyptic and post-apocalyptic
2039:
1927:"ON LANGUAGE; Campaign Trailese"
1735:, "History of 1930s UK fandom",
1705:
749:World Science Fiction Convention
652:World Science Fiction Convention
631:. Around twenty fans, including
621:World Science Fiction Convention
457:
80:
23:
2062:"Science Fiction Conventions",
2009:
1982:
1917:
1897:Reitman, Valerie (2005-04-08).
1839:
1788:, World Science Fiction Society
1675:Munro, Michael (2 April 2014).
1516:room, it is now slated for the
1492:
1085:Anatomy of a typical convention
37:may be too short to adequately
3616:Science and technology studies
1814:
1793:
1776:
1758:
1725:
1699:
1639:
1613:
1263:in Vancouver, BC features the
47:provide an accessible overview
16:Science fiction fan gatherings
1:
4140:Live action role-playing game
1646:Smith, Lydia (2 March 2016).
1606:
1019:science fiction-related music
774:World Science Fiction Society
1970:. Linguistic Data Consortium
1454:
1318:Exhibits and fixed functions
1179:Professionals at conventions
1143:Informal music session (AKA
981:Special interest conventions
7:
4478:Science fiction conventions
3711:
3160:Space stations and habitats
1933:. sec. 6, p. 14.
1574:
1558:in a scabbard or to hold a
1231:A costume contest called a
1163:) or Ghost of Honor (as at
989:, in addition to being the
501:Science fiction conventions
445:The Encyclopedia of Fantasy
432:List of Japanese SF writers
10:
4499:
3969:Celebrity worship syndrome
2043:International Con Listings
1968:Linguistic Data Consortium
1192:Panel-led discussions, or
1187:
1165:Worldcon 2008/Denvention 3
842:Horror Writers Association
824:
793:
787:
764:
721:
538:
4429:
4336:
4175:
4061:Amateur press association
4051:
3951:
3813:
3757:
3726:
3719:
3649:
3606:Museum of Science Fiction
3563:
3551:Christian science fiction
3543:
3515:Self-replicating machines
3476:
3390:
3359:
3263:
3178:
3135:
3126:
3062:
3041:
3005:
2960:
2953:
2904:
2661:
2640:
2633:
2527:
2474:
2467:
2413:
2234:
2227:
2162:
1801:"Forthcoming Attractions"
1749:, UK: DCS, archived from
1171:, however, has an annual
744:International conventions
4419:by date of establishment
1309:Some conventions have a
1113:Hanging out in the lobby
810:World Fantasy Convention
790:World Fantasy Convention
784:World Fantasy Convention
717:
3484:Artificial intelligence
3382:Simulated consciousness
1989:Rogow, Roberta (1991),
1292:Trans-Atlantic Fan Fund
1153:Guest(s) of Honor (GoH)
963:Comic-Con International
832:convention was held in
827:World Horror Convention
821:World Horror Convention
672:Los Angeles, California
587:, traveled by train to
549:Vril-Ya Bazaar and Fete
4404:Professional wrestling
4135:Historical reenactment
3827:A Song of Ice and Fire
3788:Disneyland social club
3765:Anime and manga fandom
3744:Science fiction fandom
3636:Technology and society
2504:Science Fiction Museum
2068:, vol. 71, 1977,
1407:collectible card games
1151:Most conventions have
1148:
1136:
1125:
1114:
1106:
898:Southern United States
762:
547:has asserted that the
74:
3235:Organ transplantation
2494:Libraries and museums
2415:Cyberpunk derivatives
2369:Utopian and dystopian
1442:The Settlers of Catan
1142:
1131:
1120:
1112:
1101:Fans registering for
1100:
1037:software. The term "
1015:Ohio Valley Filk Fest
756:
69:
4190:Autograph collecting
3586:Fictional technology
3581:Fictional astronauts
3438:Frankenstein complex
2116:The Convention Guide
2065:Upcoming conventions
1733:Hansen, Robert ‘Rob’
1706:Kyle, David 'Dave',
1422:Dungeons and Dragons
1412:Magic: The Gathering
888:(NASFiC) is held in
864:Regional conventions
852:National conventions
757:Fans socializing at
559:Edward Bulwer-Lytton
4318:Real person fiction
4150:Harley Owners Group
3814:Production-specific
3626:Speculative fiction
3220:Genetic engineering
2074:1977JRASC..71L..16.
1771:(essay), UK: Fiawol
1687:on 12 November 2020
1476:, the provision of
1391:show episodes, and
1351:open art exhibition
1296:Down Under Fan Fund
509:speculative fiction
183:Legendary creatures
90:Speculative fiction
4457:Shipping discourse
3453:Message from space
3418:Ancient astronauts
3306:Parallel universes
3281:Extrasolar planets
3188:Biological warfare
2310:Parallel universes
2192:Scientific romance
1931:The New York Times
1510:Wheeling, Illinois
1417:role-playing games
1259:and other awards.
1149:
1137:
1126:
1115:
1107:
763:
633:Eric Frank Russell
503:are gatherings of
417:Fictional universe
75:
4465:
4464:
4185:Anime music video
3947:
3946:
3679:
3678:
3571:Alternate history
3559:
3558:
3520:Simulated reality
3250:Sex and sexuality
3203:Extraterrestrials
3122:
3121:
2949:
2948:
2945:
2944:
2686:Campbell Memorial
2463:
2462:
2332:Planetary romance
1903:Los Angeles Times
1652:Royal Albert Hall
1625:Royal Albert Hall
1596:Gaming convention
1461:hospitality suite
1009:issues/studies.
917:Media conventions
904:Local conventions
846:Bram Stoker Award
648:1939 World's Fair
609:Charles D. Hornig
597:Milton A. Rothman
545:Royal Albert Hall
498:
497:
422:Fictional species
367:Fiction magazines
285:Fiction magazines
156:Fiction magazines
99:Alternate history
64:
63:
4490:
3724:
3723:
3706:
3699:
3692:
3683:
3682:
3668:
3658:
3657:
3496:Astroengineering
3428:Evil corporation
3155:Matrioshka brain
3133:
3132:
3072:List of TV shows
2958:
2957:
2638:
2637:
2472:
2471:
2342:Sword and planet
2232:
2231:
2149:
2142:
2135:
2126:
2125:
2120:
2109:
2098:
2087:
2076:
2058:
2047:
2027:
2025:
2013:
2007:
2005:
1986:
1980:
1979:
1977:
1975:
1965:
1959:Mandel, Mark A.
1956:
1950:
1949:
1947:
1945:
1921:
1915:
1914:
1912:
1910:
1894:
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1887:
1885:
1883:
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1837:
1836:
1834:
1832:
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1809:
1808:
1797:
1791:
1789:
1780:
1774:
1772:
1762:
1756:
1754:
1729:
1723:
1721:
1703:
1697:
1696:
1694:
1692:
1683:. Archived from
1681:Observation Deck
1672:
1663:
1662:
1660:
1658:
1643:
1637:
1636:
1634:
1632:
1627:. 27 August 2019
1617:
1591:Furry convention
1581:Anime convention
1514:Phineas Taylor B
1448:Apples to Apples
1432:Warhammer 40,000
1427:miniatures games
1349:is generally an
1311:Closing Ceremony
929:," the official
637:Arthur C. Clarke
573:Fantasy Magazine
490:
483:
476:
462:
461:
84:
77:
76:
59:
56:
50:
27:
19:
4498:
4497:
4493:
4492:
4491:
4489:
4488:
4487:
4468:
4467:
4466:
4461:
4425:
4409:Science fiction
4332:
4254:Fan translation
4177:
4171:
4145:Motorcycle club
4103:Supercar Season
4053:
4047:
3943:
3897:Sherlock Holmes
3809:
3758:Medium-specific
3753:
3715:
3710:
3680:
3675:
3674:
3645:
3621:Sense of wonder
3555:
3539:
3472:
3468:Xenoarchaeology
3443:Galactic empire
3398:Africanfuturism
3386:
3355:
3259:
3174:
3118:
3058:
3037:
3001:
2941:
2900:
2663:
2657:
2629:
2523:
2459:
2409:
2386:Techno-thriller
2354:Climate fiction
2322:Science fantasy
2276:Anime and manga
2223:
2182:Anthropological
2158:
2156:Science fiction
2153:
2113:
2102:
2091:
2080:
2061:
2055:Green tentacles
2051:
2036:
2031:
2030:
2014:
2010:
2003:
1987:
1983:
1973:
1971:
1963:
1957:
1953:
1943:
1941:
1922:
1918:
1908:
1906:
1895:
1891:
1881:
1879:
1869:
1865:
1855:
1853:
1845:
1844:
1840:
1830:
1828:
1820:
1819:
1815:
1806:
1804:
1799:
1798:
1794:
1782:
1781:
1777:
1764:
1763:
1759:
1730:
1726:
1704:
1700:
1690:
1688:
1673:
1666:
1656:
1654:
1644:
1640:
1630:
1628:
1619:
1618:
1614:
1609:
1577:
1540:
1495:
1486:
1457:
1328:Hucksters' Room
1320:
1294:) or DUFF (the
1255:, but also the
1225:
1198:science fiction
1190:
1181:
1095:
1093:Guests of Honor
1087:
1060:William Shatner
1047:
997:SF/fantasy and
983:
959:
949:, the official
937:Vulcan, Alberta
919:
906:
896:is held in the
866:
854:
829:
823:
798:
792:
786:
769:
751:
746:
730:
720:
613:Julius Schwartz
601:Astoria, Queens
554:The Coming Race
541:
513:science fiction
494:
456:
451:
450:
412:
404:
403:
347:
337:
336:
258:Climate fiction
238:
236:Science fiction
228:
227:
136:
134:Fantasy fiction
126:
125:
101:
60:
54:
51:
44:
32:This article's
28:
17:
12:
11:
5:
4496:
4486:
4485:
4480:
4463:
4462:
4460:
4459:
4454:
4452:Odagiri effect
4449:
4444:
4439:
4433:
4431:
4427:
4426:
4424:
4423:
4422:
4421:
4416:
4406:
4401:
4396:
4391:
4390:
4389:
4379:
4374:
4367:
4366:
4365:
4355:
4354:
4353:
4342:
4340:
4334:
4333:
4331:
4330:
4325:
4320:
4315:
4310:
4305:
4300:
4299:
4298:
4297:
4296:
4281:
4280:
4279:
4274:
4261:
4256:
4251:
4246:
4241:
4236:
4231:
4226:
4221:
4216:
4215:
4214:
4207:
4192:
4187:
4181:
4179:
4178:and activities
4173:
4172:
4170:
4169:
4164:
4159:
4154:
4153:
4152:
4142:
4137:
4132:
4127:
4122:
4120:Fan convention
4117:
4112:
4107:
4106:
4105:
4100:
4095:
4094:
4093:
4091:Kustom Kulture
4083:
4078:
4073:
4063:
4057:
4055:
4049:
4048:
4046:
4045:
4040:
4035:
4030:
4025:
4020:
4015:
4010:
4005:
4000:
3995:
3994:
3993:
3981:
3976:
3974:Cult following
3971:
3966:
3961:
3955:
3953:
3949:
3948:
3945:
3944:
3942:
3941:
3934:
3929:
3924:
3919:
3914:
3907:
3900:
3893:
3888:
3883:
3876:
3871:
3866:
3861:
3854:
3847:
3840:
3835:
3830:
3823:
3817:
3815:
3811:
3810:
3808:
3807:
3802:
3797:
3796:
3795:
3790:
3785:
3779:Disney fandom
3777:
3772:
3767:
3761:
3759:
3755:
3754:
3752:
3751:
3746:
3741:
3736:
3734:Fantasy fandom
3730:
3728:
3721:
3717:
3716:
3709:
3708:
3701:
3694:
3686:
3677:
3676:
3673:
3672:
3662:
3651:
3650:
3647:
3646:
3644:
3643:
3638:
3633:
3628:
3623:
3618:
3613:
3611:Rubber science
3608:
3603:
3598:
3593:
3591:Future history
3588:
3583:
3578:
3573:
3567:
3565:
3561:
3560:
3557:
3556:
3554:
3553:
3547:
3545:
3541:
3540:
3538:
3537:
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3527:
3522:
3517:
3512:
3503:
3498:
3493:
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3478:
3474:
3473:
3471:
3470:
3465:
3460:
3455:
3450:
3445:
3440:
3435:
3430:
3425:
3420:
3415:
3413:Alien language
3410:
3408:Alien invasion
3405:
3400:
3394:
3392:
3388:
3387:
3385:
3384:
3379:
3374:
3372:Mind uploading
3369:
3363:
3361:
3357:
3356:
3354:
3353:
3348:
3343:
3333:
3328:
3323:
3318:
3313:
3308:
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3298:
3293:
3288:
3283:
3278:
3273:
3267:
3265:
3261:
3260:
3258:
3257:
3252:
3247:
3242:
3237:
3232:
3230:Nanotechnology
3227:
3222:
3217:
3212:
3211:
3210:
3200:
3195:
3190:
3184:
3182:
3176:
3175:
3173:
3172:
3167:
3165:Stellar engine
3162:
3157:
3152:
3147:
3141:
3139:
3130:
3124:
3123:
3120:
3119:
3117:
3116:
3111:
3110:
3109:
3104:
3094:
3089:
3084:
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3057:
3056:
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3015:
3009:
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3003:
3002:
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2999:
2998:
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2982:
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2728:
2723:
2718:
2713:
2708:
2703:
2698:
2693:
2688:
2683:
2678:
2673:
2667:
2665:
2662:Literary, art,
2659:
2658:
2656:
2655:
2650:
2644:
2642:
2635:
2631:
2630:
2628:
2627:
2622:
2617:
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2557:
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2531:
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2525:
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2516:
2511:
2506:
2501:
2496:
2491:
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2432:
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2419:
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2411:
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2407:
2402:
2401:
2400:
2390:
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2373:
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2366:
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2344:
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2329:
2319:
2318:
2317:
2307:
2306:
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2300:
2295:
2285:
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2278:
2268:
2263:
2258:
2253:
2252:
2251:
2241:
2235:
2229:
2225:
2224:
2222:
2221:
2216:
2211:
2206:
2201:
2200:
2199:
2194:
2189:
2184:
2174:
2168:
2166:
2160:
2159:
2152:
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2144:
2137:
2129:
2123:
2122:
2111:
2100:
2089:
2078:
2059:
2049:
2035:
2034:External links
2032:
2029:
2028:
2008:
2001:
1981:
1951:
1916:
1889:
1863:
1851:www.gafilk.org
1838:
1813:
1792:
1775:
1757:
1724:
1698:
1664:
1638:
1611:
1610:
1608:
1605:
1604:
1603:
1598:
1593:
1588:
1586:Fan convention
1583:
1576:
1573:
1539:
1536:
1532:
1531:
1528:
1521:
1494:
1491:
1485:
1484:Dead dog party
1482:
1474:United Kingdom
1470:liability laws
1456:
1453:
1332:action figures
1319:
1316:
1302:membership. A
1271:author of the
1224:
1223:Special events
1221:
1189:
1186:
1180:
1177:
1122:Harlan Ellison
1094:
1091:
1086:
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1043:
982:
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958:
955:
918:
915:
905:
902:
865:
862:
853:
850:
825:Main article:
822:
819:
796:Fantasy fandom
788:Main article:
785:
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765:Main article:
750:
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742:
719:
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641:United Kingdom
617:Willis Conover
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55:September 2017
41:the key points
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4126:
4123:
4121:
4118:
4116:
4113:
4111:
4108:
4104:
4101:
4099:
4098:Lowrider Club
4096:
4092:
4089:
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4082:
4079:
4077:
4074:
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4052:Organizations
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3783:Disney adults
3781:
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3768:
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3601:Magic realism
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3481:
3479:
3477:Technological
3475:
3469:
3466:
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3461:
3459:
3458:Transhumanism
3456:
3454:
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3444:
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3433:First contact
3431:
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3360:Psychological
3358:
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3337:
3334:
3332:
3331:Teleportation
3329:
3327:
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3319:
3317:
3314:
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3311:Portable hole
3309:
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3137:Architectural
3134:
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3033:Short stories
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3019:
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2856:Tähtivaeltaja
2854:
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2500:
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2320:
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2311:
2308:
2304:
2303:Space Western
2301:
2299:
2296:
2294:
2291:
2290:
2289:
2288:Space warfare
2286:
2284:
2281:
2277:
2274:
2273:
2272:
2269:
2267:
2264:
2262:
2259:
2257:
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2250:
2247:
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2240:
2237:
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2233:
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2220:
2217:
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2207:
2205:
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2198:
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2118:
2117:
2112:
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2101:
2097:
2096:
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2085:
2084:Concatenation
2079:
2075:
2071:
2067:
2066:
2060:
2057:
2056:
2050:
2045:
2044:
2040:Wilf, James,
2038:
2037:
2024:
2023:
2018:
2012:
2004:
2002:9781557783479
1998:
1994:
1993:
1985:
1969:
1962:
1955:
1940:
1936:
1932:
1928:
1920:
1904:
1900:
1893:
1878:
1877:Yahoo! Movies
1874:
1867:
1852:
1848:
1842:
1827:
1823:
1817:
1802:
1796:
1787:
1786:
1779:
1770:
1769:
1761:
1753:on 2008-11-01
1752:
1748:
1744:
1740:
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1734:
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1702:
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1572:
1570:
1569:C. J. Cherryh
1564:
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1545:
1535:
1529:
1526:
1522:
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1515:
1511:
1507:
1504:
1503:
1502:
1501:For example:
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1220:
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1215:
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1203:
1199:
1195:
1185:
1176:
1174:
1173:Book of Honor
1170:
1166:
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1141:
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1123:
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1111:
1104:
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992:
988:
978:
976:
972:
968:
964:
954:
952:
948:
944:
943:
939:dedicated to
938:
934:
933:
928:
924:
914:
912:
901:
899:
895:
891:
890:North America
887:
883:
879:
875:
874:United States
871:
861:
859:
849:
847:
843:
839:
835:
828:
818:
815:
811:
807:
802:
797:
791:
781:
779:
775:
768:
760:
755:
741:
739:
735:
729:
725:
715:
713:
712:United States
709:
705:
701:
697:
693:
689:
685:
681:
677:
673:
669:
665:
661:
657:
656:New York City
653:
650:, the first "
649:
644:
642:
638:
634:
630:
625:
622:
618:
614:
610:
606:
602:
598:
594:
590:
586:
585:Frederik Pohl
582:
578:
577:New York City
574:
568:
566:
565:
560:
556:
555:
550:
546:
536:
534:
530:
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522:
518:
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510:
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502:
491:
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484:
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468:
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446:
442:
440:
439:
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428:
425:
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420:
418:
415:
414:
411:Miscellaneous
408:
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400:
397:
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392:
390:
387:
385:
382:
378:
375:
374:
373:
370:
368:
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349:
346:
341:
340:
333:
330:
328:
325:
323:
320:
318:
315:
313:
310:
308:
307:Organizations
305:
301:
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291:
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214:
211:
209:
206:
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177:
176:Early history
174:
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159:
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149:
147:
144:
142:
139:
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111:Retrofuturism
109:
107:
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103:
100:
95:
94:
91:
88:
87:
83:
79:
78:
72:
68:
58:
48:
42:
40:
35:
30:
26:
21:
20:
4483:Nerd culture
4408:
4370:
4269:
4209:
4202:
4194:
4176:Publications
4167:Stan Twitter
4125:Fandom names
4081:Import scene
3988:
3952:Demographics
3936:
3909:
3902:
3895:
3878:
3856:
3849:
3842:
3825:
3770:Bibliophilia
3739:Furry fandom
3631:Supernatural
3403:Afrofuturism
3316:Space travel
3225:Invisibility
3193:Energy being
3170:Terraforming
3150:Dyson sphere
3145:Colonization
3077:Australasian
2970:Film history
2751:Grand Master
2478:
2115:
2105:
2094:
2083:
2064:
2054:
2042:
2021:
2011:
1991:
1984:
1972:. Retrieved
1967:
1954:
1944:December 20,
1942:. Retrieved
1930:
1919:
1907:. Retrieved
1902:
1892:
1880:. Retrieved
1866:
1854:. Retrieved
1850:
1841:
1831:December 20,
1829:. Retrieved
1825:
1816:
1805:. Retrieved
1803:. Jaine Fenn
1795:
1784:
1778:
1767:
1765:"1937 con",
1760:
1751:the original
1737:
1727:
1717:
1711:
1708:"1936 event"
1701:
1689:. Retrieved
1685:the original
1680:
1655:. Retrieved
1651:
1641:
1629:. Retrieved
1624:
1615:
1565:
1552:
1548:
1543:
1541:
1533:
1523:At an early
1518:Lake Wobegon
1500:
1496:
1493:Idiosyncrasy
1487:
1464:
1458:
1446:
1440:
1430:
1420:
1410:
1402:
1401:
1396:
1377:
1375:
1355:outsider art
1346:
1344:
1340:Dealers' Row
1339:
1335:
1327:
1323:
1321:
1310:
1308:
1303:
1300:
1286:
1284:
1277:
1265:Elron Awards
1246:
1230:
1226:
1218:
1211:
1209:convention.
1193:
1191:
1182:
1172:
1152:
1150:
1088:
1075:
1063:
1056:voice actors
1052:
1048:
984:
960:
951:Transformers
940:
930:
923:Toronto Trek
920:
907:
894:DeepSouthCon
867:
855:
830:
799:
770:
731:
668:World War II
662:in 1940 and
645:
626:
593:Pennsylvania
589:Philadelphia
579:, including
572:
569:
562:
552:
542:
500:
499:
443:
436:
272:
52:
36:
34:lead section
4447:Fan service
4442:Fan loyalty
4338:Conventions
4229:Fan fiction
4086:Hot rodding
3833:Beatlemania
3749:Yaoi fandom
3489:AI takeover
3336:Time travel
3296:Inertialess
3286:Force field
3276:Black holes
3245:Prosthetics
3107:Live-action
2876:Translation
2871:Tour-Apollo
2746:Golden Duck
2648:Jules Verne
2514:Women in SF
2479:Conventions
2364:Libertarian
2327:Dying Earth
2298:Space opera
2266:Inner space
2177:Definitions
2106:Scenic city
2046:, NTL world
2017:Cherryh, CJ
1974:28 February
1905:. p. 1
1738:SF archives
1716:(account),
1437:board games
1378:video rooms
1287:Art Auction
1269:John Norman
1253:Hugo Awards
1133:Pamela Dean
1070:bit players
1035:open source
1023:Costume-Con
975:celebrities
927:Celebration
778:Hugo Awards
688:Netherlands
605:James Blish
362:Conventions
273:Conventions
208:Superheroes
151:Fantasy art
4472:Categories
4399:Multigenre
4358:Comic book
4313:Filk music
4054:and events
3891:Parrothead
3874:Moonwalker
3858:James Bond
3851:EarthBound
3844:Doctor Who
3805:Sports fan
3775:Cinephilia
3525:Spacecraft
3501:Holography
3367:Group mind
3346:Warp drive
3301:Multiverse
3291:Hyperspace
3180:Biological
3064:Television
3028:Publishers
3006:Literature
2905:Multimedia
2821:Prometheus
2756:Grand Prix
2671:Astounding
2535:Australian
2440:Dieselpunk
2405:Underwater
2204:Golden Age
1807:2010-02-14
1607:References
1544:peace-bond
1480:is usual.
1403:Game Rooms
1397:Film Room,
1389:television
1359:spaceships
1233:masquerade
1011:Diversicon
967:Dragon*Con
794:See also:
722:See also:
581:David Kyle
521:television
511:subgenre,
394:Television
322:Television
213:Television
188:Literature
71:Hugo Award
4437:Autograph
4371:Doujinshi
4239:Fan labor
4211:Doujinshi
4130:Game club
4071:Boy racer
3904:Star Wars
3793:Donaldism
3544:Religious
3255:Symbiosis
3240:Parasites
3198:Evolution
3018:Magazines
2995:Tokusatsu
2776:Kitschies
2706:Deutscher
2664:and audio
2641:Cinematic
2595:Norwegian
2585:Hungarian
2545:Brazilian
2455:Steampunk
2450:Solarpunk
2423:Cyberpunk
2393:Tokusatsu
2376:Tech noir
2359:Christian
2337:Superhero
2228:Subgenres
2095:Neo Engel
1939:0362-4331
1882:August 2,
1768:Fan stuff
1455:Con suite
1382:Hollywood
1304:bid party
1175:instead.
1161:Readercon
1065:Star Trek
1039:relaxacon
1027:Penguicon
991:Wisconsin
971:animation
942:Star Trek
932:Star Wars
870:Westercon
858:Eastercon
696:Australia
529:animation
39:summarize
4303:Fanspeak
4289:Fan wiki
4264:Fan game
4249:Fan rice
4244:Fan mail
4234:Fan film
4224:Fan edit
4115:Fan club
4076:Cruising
4066:Car club
3964:Anti-fan
3938:Twilight
3911:Stargate
3880:MLP: FIM
3838:Deadhead
3660:Category
3530:Tachyons
3377:Psionics
3351:Wormhole
3321:Stargate
3264:Physical
3097:Japanese
3092:European
3087:Canadian
2985:Japanese
2937:Spectrum
2917:Chandler
2851:Sunburst
2846:Sturgeon
2836:Sidewise
2826:Rhysling
2796:Nautilus
2766:Heinlein
2721:Endeavor
2676:Aurealis
2625:Yugoslav
2605:Romanian
2590:Japanese
2575:Estonian
2565:Croatian
2550:Canadian
2519:Worldcon
2489:Fanzines
2445:Nanopunk
2428:Japanese
2293:Military
2261:Grimdark
2256:Feminist
2219:Timeline
2214:New Wave
1720:, Jophan
1691:29 March
1657:29 March
1631:29 March
1575:See also
1506:Capricon
1478:cask ale
1465:consuite
1387:, genre
1371:vampires
1367:unicorns
1347:Art Show
1336:Art Show
1324:Dealers'
1275:series.
1249:Worldcon
1214:computer
1169:Potlatch
1124:speaking
995:feminist
834:Brighton
806:Worldcon
767:Worldcon
759:Worldcon
734:Worldcon
389:Podcasts
312:Podcasts
300:Timeline
193:Podcasts
4323:Vidding
4308:Fanzine
4284:Fansite
4219:Fan art
4162:Railfan
4110:Cosplay
4023:Shipper
4018:Sasaeng
4003:Groupie
3932:Trekkie
3927:Tolkien
3922:Swiftie
3869:Juggalo
3864:Janeite
3720:By type
3713:Fandoms
3576:Fantasy
3564:Related
3535:Weapons
3510:Cyborgs
3271:Ansible
3082:British
3054:Theatre
2866:Tiptree
2841:Skylark
2786:Laßwitz
2771:Ignotus
2761:Harland
2736:Gaughan
2726:FantLab
2691:Chesley
2620:Spanish
2615:Serbian
2610:Russian
2560:Chinese
2555:Chilean
2540:Bengali
2509:Studies
2468:Culture
2435:Biopunk
2283:Mundane
2249:Sitcoms
2209:History
2172:Authors
2164:Outline
2070:Bibcode
1909:May 14,
1856:3 April
1822:"About"
1743:Glasgow
1525:Minicon
1363:dragons
1280:filkers
1242:cosplay
1202:fantasy
1188:Program
1147:circle)
1135:reading
1103:Minicon
1079:SMOFcon
882:Eurocon
836:in the
801:Fantasy
708:Ireland
704:Finland
684:Germany
680:Britain
676:Toronto
660:Chicago
564:cosplay
539:History
507:of the
399:Writers
377:History
332:Writers
295:History
278:Fanzine
263:Editors
248:Artists
223:Writers
171:History
121:Writers
4430:Topics
4394:Horror
4382:Gaming
4270:Doujin
4203:Doujin
4196:Doujin
4038:Ultras
4033:Tifosi
3990:Kemonā
3959:Anorak
3670:Portal
3596:Horror
3506:Robots
3463:Uplift
3391:Social
3340:Viewer
3215:Gender
3128:Themes
3023:Novels
3013:Comics
2980:Indian
2922:Dragon
2912:Aurora
2896:Zajdel
2881:Urania
2816:Parsec
2811:Norton
2801:Nebula
2781:Lambda
2741:Geffen
2731:Galaxy
2716:Ditmar
2696:Clarke
2653:Saturn
2634:Awards
2600:Polish
2580:French
2528:Region
2484:Fandom
2381:Spy-Fi
2349:Social
2315:Isekai
2244:Comedy
1999:
1937:
1826:WisCon
1785:NASFiC
1713:Mimosa
1560:pistol
1435:, and
1385:movies
1206:fandom
1204:, and
1194:Panels
1005:, and
999:gender
987:Wiscon
947:BotCon
945:; and
878:Canada
706:, and
692:Canada
686:, the
664:Denver
654:," in
615:, and
531:, and
525:comics
464:Portal
384:Genres
357:Awards
327:Themes
290:Genres
268:Fandom
253:Awards
218:Worlds
198:Quests
166:Genres
146:Fandom
4377:Furry
4346:Anime
4259:Fanac
4205:music
4043:Waifu
4013:Otaku
3984:Furry
3917:Shrek
3886:MST3K
3800:Gamer
3727:Genre
3641:Weird
3423:Black
3326:Stars
3102:Anime
3049:Opera
3042:Stage
2990:Anime
2975:Films
2954:Media
2932:Seiun
2886:Vogel
2831:SFERA
2806:Nommo
2791:Locus
2701:Crook
2570:Czech
2499:ISFDB
2398:Kaiju
2271:Mecha
1964:(PDF)
1556:sword
1520:room.
1439:like
1429:like
1419:like
1409:like
1393:anime
1238:Anime
1031:Linux
1007:class
761:2014.
738:anime
718:Types
700:Japan
629:Leeds
533:games
517:films
372:Films
352:Anime
243:Anime
203:Magic
161:Films
141:Anime
4414:list
4387:list
4363:list
4351:list
4328:Zine
4294:list
4272:soft
4028:Stan
4008:Nerd
3998:Geek
3821:AFOL
3508:and
3448:LGBT
3208:List
3114:U.S.
2962:Film
2927:Hugo
2711:Dick
2681:BSFA
2197:Soft
2187:Hard
2119:, UK
1997:ISBN
1976:2015
1946:2023
1935:ISSN
1911:2011
1884:2014
1858:2018
1833:2023
1693:2021
1659:2021
1633:2021
1345:The
1261:VCON
1157:Filk
1145:filk
1033:and
1003:race
965:and
876:and
726:and
635:and
583:and
543:The
505:fans
317:Film
4277:Mod
3979:Fan
2861:TBD
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1062:of
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