809:
262:
569:, and, often, those students' parents, have access to a variety of resources. The goal of a school library or media center is to ensure that all members of the school community have equitable access "to books and reading, to information, and to information technology". A school library or media center "uses all types of media... is automated, and utilizes the Internet for information gathering." School libraries are distinct from public libraries because they serve as "learner-oriented laboratories which support, extend, and individualize the school's curriculum... A school library serves as the center and coordinating agency for all material used in the school."
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media program with a qualified school library media specialist, scored higher on reading assessments regardless of their socio-economic statuses. In addition, a study conducted in Ohio revealed that 99.4% of students surveyed believed that their school librarians and school library media programs helped them succeed in school. A report that reported similar conclusions was compiled by
Michele Lonsdale in Australia in 2003.
36:
1977:
1947:
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187:
632:, which states: "The school library provides information and ideas that are fundamental to functioning successfully in today’s information and knowledge-based society. The school library equips students with life-long learning skills and develops the imagination, enabling them to live as responsible citizens" (para. 1).
789:
This role also encompasses many activities relating to technology including the integration of resources in a variety of formats: periodical databases; Web sites; digital video segments; podcasts; blog and wiki content; digital images; virtual classrooms, etc. School librarians are often responsible
605:
in 1957, which forced the United States to re-evaluate its priorities for math and science education. NDEA was a response to
Sputnik and Title III of NDEA provided financial assistance for strengthening science, mathematics, and modern foreign language. As a result, the 1960s were one of the greatest
758:
and inquiry. School librarians may read to children, assist them in selecting books, and assist with schoolwork. Many school librarians also teach technology skills to students, such as keyboarding and
Microsoft and Google applications. Some school librarians see classes on a "flexible schedule". A
678:
The school library media center program is a collaborative venture in which school library media specialists, teachers, and administrators work together to provide opportunities for the social, cultural, and educational growth of students. Activities that are part of the school library media program
572:
Researchers have demonstrated that school libraries have a positive impact on student achievement through the more than 60 studies that have been conducted in 19 U.S. states and one
Canadian province. The major finding of these studies was that students with access to a well-supported school library
658:
The school library exists to provide a range of learning opportunities for both large and small groups as well as individuals with a focus on intellectual content, information literacy, and the learner. In addition to classroom visits with collaborating teachers, the school library also serves as a
781:
As information specialists, school librarians develop a resource base for the school by using the curriculum and student interests to identify and obtain library materials, organize and maintain the library collection in order to promote independent reading and lifelong learning. Materials in the
581:
Library services to schools have evolved since the late 1800s from public or state library book wagons to informal classroom collections to what exists today. The later part of the 19th century marked the beginning of the modern
American library movement with the creation of the American Library
1190:
Felmley, D. (2010). How far should courses in normal schools and teachers’ colleges seek to acquaint all teachers with the ways of organizing and using school libraries?. Journal of
Proceedings and Addresses of the Forty-Sixth Annual Meeting Held at Cleveland, Ohio, 1087-1095.
589:
Dewey wrote that "a broad conception at the end of the century of the work of the schools is simply this, to teach the children to think accurately, with strength and with speed. If it is in the school that they get their start, then where do they get their education?"
675:, De las Casas discusses how today's youth is much more comfortable with technology than ever before, and believes that “We need to advocate for regulations and laws that support education of young people rather than simply limiting their access to the Web.”
600:
By the 1950s, 40% of schools indicated the presence of classroom collections. Around 18% reported having centralized libraries. City schools reported 48%, and rural schools reported 12%. School libraries experienced another major push following the launch of
685:
The
Premier's Reading Challenge in South Australia, launched by Premier Mike Rann (2002 to 2011) has one of the highest participation rates in the world for reading challenges. It has been embraced by more than 95% of public, private and religious schools.
759:
flexible schedule means that rather than having students come to the library for instruction at a fixed time every week, the classroom teacher schedules library time when library skills or materials are needed as part of the classroom learning experience.
670:
A school library functions as an opportunity for educators to work with librarians in support of a resource center for the students to be able to safely access the internet for both school work and interacting with each other. In her article,
753:
The school librarian performs four leadership main roles: teacher, instructional partner, information specialist, and program administrator. In the teacher role, the school librarian develops and implements curricula relating to
1086:
Michie, Joan S., et al. "Fifty Years of
Supporting Children's Learning: A History of Public School Libraries and Federal Legislation from 1953 to 2000. NCES 2005-311." (March 1, 2005): ERIC, EBSCOhost (accessed March 1,
742:, or school library media specialists or media coordinators who hold a specific library science degree. In some jurisdictions, school librarians are required to have specific certification and/or a teaching certificate.
812:
School librarian with card files (Minnesota, 1974) Photo for historical perspective. Most school libraries use a computer based electronic catalog for holdings and search functions and no longer use card
663:
for students to do independent work, use computers, access the internet, use equipment and research materials; to host special events such as author visits and book clubs; and for tutoring and testing.
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periods of growth and development for school libraries due to an increased flow of money and support from the private sector and public funding for education. Most notable during this time was the
667:
School libraries function as a central location for all of the information available, and a school librarian functions as the literary map to the resources and materials found within the library.
714:, realia, and digital media. These items are not only for the education, enjoyment, and entertainment of all members of the school community, but also to enhance and expand the school's
1060:
Dewey, M. (1920). What a library should be and what it can do. In A. E. Bostwick (Ed.). The library and society: Classics of
American librarianship (pp. 75-78). New York: H.W. Wilson.
625:
1259:
Morris, 2004; Thomas, M. J. & Perritt, P.H. (2003, December 1). A Higher standard: Many states have recently revised their certification requirements for school librarians.
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586:. At these beginning stages of development, the school libraries were primarily made up of small collections with the school librarian playing primarily a clerical role.
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Budget is a critical component of building a school library collection. It is important to utilize those funds for the best interest of the school community.
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which established model school library media centers across the country. Hundreds of new school libraries were expanded and renovated during this time.
682:
In
Australia school libraries have played a major role in the success of Reading Challenge programs initiated and funded by various State Governments.
525:
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can take place in the school library media center, the laboratory classroom, through the school, and via the school library's online resources.
770:
In the instructional partner role, school librarians collaborate with classroom teachers to create independent learners by fostering students'
87:
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School library media centers in the 21st century can, and should be, hubs for increased student achievement and positive focused school reform
1527:
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1960:
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Boardman, Edna (September–October 1994). "The Knapp School Libraries Project: The Best $ 1,130,000 Ever Spent on School Libraries".
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1077:(pp.34-51). Littleton, CO: Hi Willow Research and Publishing. (Original work published 1920, Chicago: American Library Association)
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Students, from Robbinsdale Middle School (RMS) (Minnesota 2019) use an OPAC terminal to search for books, ebooks, and databases.
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1920 marked the first effort by the library and education communities to evaluate school libraries with the publication of the
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Many school librarians also perform clerical duties. They handle the circulating and cataloging of materials, facilitate
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American Association of School Librarians & Association for Educational Communications and Technology. (1998).
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American Association of School Librarians & Association for Educational Communications and Technology. (1988).
971:
17:
1980:
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1030:"Fifty Years of Supporting Children's Learning: A History of Libraries and Federal Legislation From 1953to 2000"
1730:
440:
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1207:
De las Casas, D. (2010). “Tag! you're it!”: playing on the digital playground. Knowledge Quest, 39(1), 80-82.
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2006:
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786:). Often these catalogs are web-based from which students can gain access both at school and from home.
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2011:
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999:. Camberwell, Victoria, Australia: Australian Council for Educational Research. Available online at
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Smith, K. (2002). "Building Student Learning Through School Libraries." Statement delivered at the
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Most recently, school libraries have been defined by two major guidelines documents:
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Standard library organization and equipment for secondary schools of different sizes
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Student Learning through Ohio School Libraries : The Ohio Research Study
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The school librarian supplies children with educational books (Russia, 1959)
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Impact of school libraries on student achievement: A review of the research
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http://www.schoollibraryjournal.com/article/CA339562.html?industryid=47056
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Center for National Policy, Washington DC, What States Can Do, May 2, 2012
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http://www.asla.org.au/site/DefaultSite/filesystem/documents/research.pdf
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library collection can be located using an Online Public Access Catalog (
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918:. American Association of School Librarians. p. 2. Archived from
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597:, which provided the first yardstick for evaluating school libraries.
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School children inside Samakkhi Witthayakhom School Library, Thailand
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for audio-visual equipment and are sometimes in charge of school
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International Federation of Library Associations and Institutions
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Information power: Guidelines for school library media programs
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Association (ALA) in 1876 by a group of librarians led by
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Public and School Libraries in Decline: When We Need Them
86:
deal primarily with North America and do not represent a
1320:
Directory of portuguese online school libraries catalogs
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1140:
Information power: Building partnerships for learning
673:"Tag! You're It!": Playing on the Digital Playground
635:
1337:). National Council of Teachers of English (NCTE).
1370:
734:In many schools, school libraries are staffed by
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1993:
1013:American Public School Librarianship: A History.
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1015:Baltimore: Johns Hopkins University Press, 2021
867:American Association of School Libraries (AASL)
200:for grammar, style, cohesion, tone, or spelling
1310:The Hub: Campaign for Quality School Libraries
1035:. U.S. Department of Education. Archived from
1028:Michie, Joan S; Holton, Barbara (March 2005).
576:
1356:
965:Todd, R., Kuhlthau, C., & OELMA. (2014).
945:Administering the school library media center
913:"AASL Standards for the 21st Century Learner"
883:Virtual school libraries in the United States
526:
84:The examples and perspective in this article
1027:
947:. Westport, CT: Libraries Unlimited. (p.32).
817:
805:, shelve materials, perform inventory, etc.
778:, technology, and critical thinking skills.
64:Learn how and when to remove these messages
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1153:White House Conference on School Libraries
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1285:American Association of School Librarians
242:Learn how and when to remove this message
224:Learn how and when to remove this message
122:Learn how and when to remove this message
1158:"IMLS - News & Events - Conferences"
1142:. Chicago: American Library Association.
1129:. Chicago: American Library Association.
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628:(IFLA) published the globally important
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1295:School Library Media Activities Monthly
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1075:Historic Documents of school libraries
1069:Charles C. Certain Committee. (1986).
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828:Austin Independent School District
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1305:Virtual Learning Resources Center
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636:The purpose of the school library
45:This article has multiple issues.
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278:Library and information science
53:or discuss these issues on the
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1300:Resources for School Libraries
1073:. In Melvil M. Bowie (Comp.),
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608:Knapp School Libraries Project
561:where students and staff of a
441:Science and technology studies
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690:The school library collection
1325:Suomen koulukirjastoyhdistys
7:
1664:Education for librarianship
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577:History of school libraries
151:to comply with Knowledge's
98:, discuss the issue on the
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1824:History of library science
872:School Library Association
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818:Notable school librarians
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1941:Category:Library science
1626:Information professional
1523:Learning Resource Centre
972:"OELMA Student Learning"
888:Learning Resource Centre
855:Park School of Baltimore
644:Inside a school library.
405:Interdisciplinary fields
254:Not to be confused with
164:may contain suggestions.
149:may need to be rewritten
2022:Educational environment
969:. Available online at:
27:Library within a school
1711:Collection development
1290:School Library Journal
1263:. Available online at
1261:School Library Journal
1197:10.1037/e597422010-207
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349:Information management
337:Collections management
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1716:Collective collection
1329:Siu-Runyan, Yvonne. "
995:Lonsdale, M. (2003).
811:
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698:in that they contain
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425:Documentation science
413:Communication studies
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1879:Library associations
1819:History of libraries
1736:Information literacy
1241:gowyld.libguides.com
899:Notes and references
776:information literacy
756:information literacy
619:Information Power II
357:Knowledge management
104:create a new article
96:improve this article
1756:Library instruction
1616:Periodicals/serials
1535:Special collections
1235:Bredenkamp, Paige.
943:Morris, B. (2013).
654:—Kathleen D. Smith
551:school media center
437:Information science
333:Archives management
272:Part of a series on
2007:School terminology
2002:Academic libraries
1931:Category:Libraries
1798:Technical services
1766:Library publishing
1761:Library management
1589:Distance education
1155:, available from:
1113:. ERIC # EJ489785.
1011:Wiegand, Wayne A.
956:Morris, 2013, p.32
925:on October 8, 2008
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803:interlibrary loans
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361:Library management
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204:You can assist by
2012:Libraries by type
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1776:Readers' advisory
1449:Library of things
878:Teacher-librarian
851:Laura Amy Schlitz
796:computer networks
615:Information Power
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