388:. The GP11 cartridge operated at a higher chamber pressure, which the 89/96 action could easily handle. The model 89/96 rifles were modernized by changing the three-groove rifled barrel to a new 4-groove type, adding a pistol grip to the stock, changing the magazine to the 6-round type used in the 1900 short rifle, and modernizing the sights. This also streamlined the appearance of the rifles. Because more rifles were needed than were available, the model 1911 rifle, with slight changes, was put into production. Almost all of the 127,000-plus model 89/96 rifles were converted to the 96/11 specifications.
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asked to do this for the model 1889, but refused, saying that it was not possible. Colonel
Vogelsgang and his assistant Rebholz worked out the details, which were not complex but required time to retool. The rifle system was adopted in 1896. When the cartridge was modified in 1911 to increase the velocity of the bullet, the 1896 bolt system was used. Almost all the model 89/96 rifles were converted to 96/11; only a few remain in the original configuration, most of them private series rifles rather than military issue.
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straight-pull bolt action allows the user to pull the bolt straight back to unlock the action, cock the striker, extract, and eject the spent cartridge in one motion, and then push the bolt forward to chamber a round and lock the action. This is as opposed to a traditional bolt action, which requires the user to lift the bolt handle to unlock the action before pulling the bolt back. The rifle is roughly musket length with a
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1901 and lasted for 10 years (18,750 were made). It was issued to fortress troops, artillerymen, bicycle troops, and balloon companies. The model 99/00 short rifle can be fitted with Model 1889/92 bayonet and the Model 1906 bayonet. Most of the 99/00 and later 1905 short rifles were converted to model K11 carbines when the GP11 cartridge was adopted; very few unconverted rifles remain.
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The model 1899/1900 short rifle was an answer to a call for a short rifle that would replace the unpopular Model 1893 Mannlicher straight pull action carbine. The 99/00 short rifle was meant to be used by artillery and other rear-echelon troops. Design began in
February 1900, and production began in
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The
Schmidt–Rubin Model 1889/96 was the replacement for the 1889. The biggest change was moving the locking lugs from the rear to the front of the bolt sleeve, allowing the receiver to be slightly shortened. The change also allowed the bolt and receiver to handle more pressure. Colonel Schmidt was
329:, 12-round magazine, and wood stock that extends almost to the tip of the barrel. The Schmidt–Rubin 1889 was an advanced weapon for its time, and one of the first rifles to use copper-jacketed ammunition as its standard ammunition. Most of the bullets used in Europe at the time, except for the
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Support troops, cavalry, and certain other units required a shorter rifle, so the Swiss designed the Model 1911 carbine, smaller and lighter than the rifle, and still very accurate. It became a favorite of the Swiss Army, and its popularity contributed to the design of its successor the K31.
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round designed by Col. Rubin in 1882. The round was "paper patched": the bullet was surrounded by a piece of paper, covering the exposed lead shank of the bullet while a steel cap covered the nose of the bullet. The paper patch helped prevent lead fouling of the bore. In 1923, long after the
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The Model 1889 was the first in the series of
Schmidt–Rubin rifles that served Switzerland from 1889 to 1958. The rifle takes its name from the designer of its action, Colonel Rudolf Schmidt, and the designer of its ammunition, Colonel Eduard Rubin. Production of the rifle began in 1891. The
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to be used. It is distinguished from the 96/11 rifle by a curved buttplate and by a stock with an integral semi-pistol grip. It uses a graduated tangent sight which begins at 300 meters. The 1911 and 96/11 rifles were made with excellent craftsmanship, and were exceptionally accurate. As
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discontinuation of the Model 1889, the GP11/23 7.5×54.5mm round was produced without the paper patching instead using a full jacket around the bullet. The Model 1889 was eventually replaced by its successor models, including the Model 1896, Model 96/11, Model 1911, Model 1911 carbine.
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Production of the K11 carbine included conversion of the model 1900 and 1905 short rifles to the newer specifications; the earlier short rifles are rarely found in their original state. The K11 rifle and carbine were the last of the
Vogelsgang/Rebholz weapons produced.
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An improvement over the original 1889 version of the
Schmidt–Rubin rifle, the Swiss M1911 placed the locking lugs in the middle of the bolt, rather than at the rear, strengthening the action and allowing a more powerful cartridge, the
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carbine, a significant later development which was still a straight pull action but much different and improved over the older
Schmidt design. Adolf Furrer designed the K31 action.
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The
Schmidt–Rubin 1896/11 rifle, or the Model 96/11, was a Swiss upgrade to the 89/96 rifles they had, to use the more powerful cartridge adopted as the
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Switzerland remained neutral through both world wars, remaining rifles are typically in far better condition than other
European rifles of the time.
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cartridge, for cadets. The rifles' sights were graduated both for the light and the standard loads. Approximately 7,900 cadet rifles were made.
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metal-jacketed 8mm bullet, were around .45 caliber, as opposed to the revolutionary .308 caliber of the
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M1889, M1889/96:.2,900 m (3,171 yd) K11:3,500 m (3,828 yd)
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Schmidt–Rubin Model 1889 rifle chambered for the GP11 7.5×53.5mm cartridge.
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in use between 1889 and 1958. They are distinguished by the straight-pull
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GP90:620 m/s (2,000 ft/s) GP11: 780 m/s (2,600 ft/s)
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Bolt of the Model 1911 Rifle and
Carbine, operating rod stripped
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Schmidt–Rubin Infanteriegewehr Modell 96/11 (bayonet affixed)
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499:"Manufacture Dates of Swiss Schmidt-Rubin Rifles"
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210:(GP90 & GP 90/03), 7.5x54.5 Swiss (GP90/23)
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359:was intended as a replacement for the earlier
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253:M1896/11, G1911:5,600 m (6,124 yd)
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175:1899/1900: 1,105 mm (43.5 in)
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257:M1899/00:2,000 m (2,187 yd)
190:1899/1900: 592 mm (23.3 in)
351:Schmidt-Rubin Model 1897 cadet rifle
163:1899/1900: 3.8 kg (8.4 lb)
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291:invented by Rudolf Schmidt and use
177:1896/11: 1,300 mm (51 in)
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173:1889: 1,302 mm (51.3 in)
165:1896/11: 4.5 kg (9.9 lb)
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192:1896/11: 780 mm (31 in)
242:Effective firing range
161:1889: 4.43 kg (9.8 lb)
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503:Old Military Markings Home Page
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408:Schmidt–Rubin Model 1911 Rifle
250:Maximum firing range
188:1889: 780 mm (31 in)
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355:The Schmidt–Rubin Model 1897
212:1886/11: 7.5×55mm Swiss(GP11)
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380:Schmidt-Rubin 1896/11 rifle
371:Model 1899/1900 short rifle
342:Schmidt-Rubin model 1889/96
270:1896/11: 6 round detachable
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472:"The Schmidt-Rubin Series"
422:Model 1911 carbine ("K11")
265:1889: 12-round detachable
415:Gewehrpatrone 11 or GP 11
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301:GP11 7.5×55 Schmidt–Rubin
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51:Place of origin
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245:550 m (601 yd)
520:7.5×55mm Swiss firearms
435:Other models include:
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530:Rifles of Switzerland
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23:Schmidt–Rubin rifles
535:Straight-pull rifles
331:Mle 1886 Lebel rifle
327:free-floating barrel
278:Schmidt–Rubin rifles
233:Muzzle velocity
476:www.swissrifles.com
451:Z fK55 sniper rifle
118:and Rudolph Schmidt
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445:Model 1905 carbine
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312:Schmidt–Rubin 1889
107:Production history
303:rifle cartridge.
280:were a series of
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45:Bolt-action rifle
16:Bolt-action rifle
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448:ZfK31/42 and /43
392:Model 1911 rifle
262:Feed system
208:7.5×53.5mm Swiss
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100:Armed neutrality
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479:. Retrieved
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431:Other models
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293:Eduard Rubin
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267:box magazine
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185: length
123:Manufacturer
116:Eduard Rubin
96:World War II
74:Used by
357:cadet rifle
289:bolt action
226:bolt action
145: built
88:World War I
55:Switzerland
514:Categories
481:2023-10-03
456:References
282:Swiss Army
78:Swiss Army
203:Cartridge
148:1,366,228
134:Produced
127:W+F Bern
112:Designer
307:Models
218:Action
183:Barrel
170:Length
137:1891–?
386:GP11
299:and
276:The
158:Mass
84:Wars
41:Type
440:K31
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