36:
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symptoms, family support, and perceived likelihood of compliance with outpatient treatment can help determine if stabilization can occur in the outpatient setting. Patients who receive inpatient treatment may benefit from a structured intermediate environment, such as a sub-acute unit, step-down unit, partial hospital, or
287:
is usually present in schizophrenia, particularly near the time of first diagnosis, but such impairment may or may not be present in schizophreniform disorder. In schizophreniform disorder, the symptoms (including prodromal, active, and residual phases) must last at least one month but not more than
463:
settings. In selecting the treatment setting, the primary aims are to minimize the psychosocial consequences for the patient and maintain the safety of the patient and others. While the need to quickly stabilize the patient's symptoms almost always exists, consideration of the patient's severity of
331:
If the symptoms have persisted for at least one month, a provisional diagnosis of schizophreniform disorder can be made while waiting to see if recovery occurs. If the symptoms resolve within six months of onset, the provisional qualifier is removed from the diagnosis. However, if the symptoms
567:
of patients with schizophrenia also occur in patients with schizophreniform disorder. However, at present there is no consensus among scientists regarding whether or not ventricular enlargement, which is a poor prognostic factor in schizophrenia, has any prognostic value in patients with
257:, etc.) designed to reduce the social and emotional impact of the illness. The prognosis varies depending upon the nature, severity, and duration of the symptoms, but about two-thirds of individuals diagnosed with schizophreniform disorder go on to develop schizophrenia.
588:
among men and women. The most common ages of onset are 18–24 for men and 18–35 for women. While the symptoms of schizophrenia often develop gradually over a period of years, the diagnostic criteria for schizophreniform disorder require a much more rapid onset.
820:
805:
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283:(DSM-IV-TR), have the same symptoms and essential features except for two differences: the level of functional impairment and the duration of symptoms. Impairment in social, occupational, or academic
608:, the incidence is substantially higher, especially for the subtype with good prognostic features. In some of these settings schizophreniform disorder may be as common as schizophrenia.
424:, and various other psychosocial and educational interventions, are used in the treatment of schizophreniform disorder. Pharmacotherapy is the most commonly used treatment modality as
432:
as the usual drug of choice. Patients who do not respond to the initial atypical antipsychotic may benefit from being switched to another atypical antipsychotic, the addition of a
231:
may or may not be affected. While the onset of schizophrenia is often gradual over a number of months or years, the onset of schizophreniform disorder can be relatively rapid.
204:
are present for a significant portion of time (at least a month), but signs of disturbance are not present for the full six months required for the diagnosis of schizophrenia.
428:
can act quickly to both reduce the severity of symptoms and shorten their duration. The medications used are largely the same as those used to treat schizophrenia, with an
672:
Troisi A, Pasini A, Bersani G, Di Mauro M, Ciani N (May 1991). "Negative symptoms and visual behavior in DSM-III-R prognostic subtypes of schizophreniform disorder".
1378:
227:. While impairment in social, occupational, or academic functioning is required for the diagnosis of schizophrenia, in schizophreniform disorder an individual's
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The presence of negative symptoms and poor eye contact both appear to be prognostic of a poor outcome. Many of the anatomic and functional changes seen in the
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The exact cause of the disorder remains unknown, and relatively few studies have focused exclusively on the etiology of schizophreniform disorder. Like other
279:
518:
The following specifiers for schizophreniform disorder may be used to indicate the presence or absence of features that may be associated with a better
506:
is usually not indicated for patients with schizophreniform disorder because they may be distressed by the symptoms of patients with more advanced
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As improvement progresses during treatment, help with coping skills, problem-solving techniques, psychoeducational approaches, and eventually
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72:
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about their illness, which also would limit the efficacy of insight-oriented therapies. Supportive forms of psychotherapy such as
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79:
1401:
572:, approximately two-thirds of patients diagnosed with "provisional" schizophreniform disorder are subsequently diagnosed with
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17:
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57:
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persist for six months or more, the diagnosis of schizophreniform disorder must be revised. The diagnosis of
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and vocational assessments are often very helpful for patients and their families. Virtually all types of
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Since schizophreniform disorder has such rapid onset of severe symptoms, patients are sometimes in
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Without good prognostic features, used if two or more of the above features have not been present.
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six months, while in schizophrenia the symptoms must be present for a minimum of six months.
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With good prognostic features, used if at least two of the following features are present:
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315:. Schizophreniform disorder is more likely to occur in people with family members who have
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8:
2012:
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The main symptoms of both schizophreniform disorder and schizophrenia may include:
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604:, the incidence is low, possibly fivefold less than that of schizophrenia. In
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within 4 weeks of the first noticeable change in usual behavior or functioning
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662:, (4th ed., text revision). Washington, DC: American Psychiatric Association.
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may be considered when the duration of symptoms is less than one month.
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has been proposed, suggesting that some individuals have an underlying
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as patients often have limited insight as a symptom of their illness.
277:. Both schizophrenia and schizophreniform disorder, as defined by the
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Like schizophrenia, schizophreniform disorder is often treated with
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are used in the treatment of schizophreniform disorder, except for
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are particularly well suited for the treatment of the disorder.
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576:; the remaining keep a diagnosis of schizophreniform disorder.
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vulnerability to the disorder that can be triggered by certain
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468:, during the initial phases of returning to the community.
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Diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders
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Treatment of schizophreniform disorder can occur in
245:, along with a variety of social supports (such as
60:. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.
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723:"Diagnostic validity of schizophreniform disorder"
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27:Schizophrenia symptoms for fewer than six months
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536:Confusion or perplexity at the height of the
568:schizophreniform disorder. According to the
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416:Various modalities of treatment, including
207:The symptoms of both disorders can include
1807:Other specified feeding or eating disorder
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658:American Psychiatric Association. (2000).
592:Available evidence suggests variations in
373:an inability to feel a range of emotions (
120:Learn how and when to remove this message
2070:Disorganized (hebephrenic) schizophrenia
1666:Depersonalization-derealization disorder
618:
394:a lack of desire to form relationships (
265:Schizophreniform disorder is a type of
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596:across sociocultural settings. In the
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1984:
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584:Schizophreniform disorder is equally
380:an inability to experience pleasure (
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1254:
58:adding citations to reliable sources
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1773:Physiological and physical behavior
544:social and occupational functioning
355:disorganized speech resulting from
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1719:Psychogenic non-epileptic seizures
1113:Emotional and behavioral disorders
688:10.1111/j.1600-0447.1991.tb05562.x
652:
25:
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1899:Hypoactive sexual desire disorder
714:
1199:X-linked intellectual disability
570:American Psychiatric Association
34:
1028:Intermittent explosive disorder
953:Ego-dystonic sexual orientation
579:
45:needs additional citations for
1671:Dissociative identity disorder
936:Adult personality and behavior
665:
387:impaired or decreased speech (
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1:
611:
2075:Pseudoneurotic schizophrenia
1612:Generalized anxiety disorder
1345:Neurological and symptomatic
990:Sexual relationship disorder
513:
500:cognitive behavioral therapy
411:
326:
7:
1851:REM sleep behavior disorder
1320:Seasonal affective disorder
1118:Separation anxiety disorder
755:"Schizophreniform Disorder"
721:Strakowski SM (June 1994).
492:interpersonal psychotherapy
200:diagnosed when symptoms of
69:"Schizophreniform disorder"
10:
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2118:Symptoms and uncategorized
1219:developmental disabilities
985:Sexual maturation disorder
481:insight-oriented therapies
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2080:Simple-type schizophrenia
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2049:Schizophreniform disorder
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1427:Mild cognitive impairment
1412:Creutzfeldt–Jakob disease
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1310:Major depressive disorder
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138:Schizophreniform disorder
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2128:Impulse-control disorder
2044:Schizoaffective disorder
2039:Brief reactive psychosis
1736:Mass psychogenic illness
1699:Body dysmorphic disorder
1478:Post-concussion syndrome
1088:Emotional and behavioral
496:supportive psychotherapy
477:individual psychotherapy
334:brief psychotic disorder
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247:individual psychotherapy
186:brief psychotic disorder
2065:Childhood schizophrenia
1417:Frontotemporal dementia
1374:High-functioning autism
1191:Intellectual disability
461:partial hospitalization
426:psychiatric medications
357:formal thought disorder
273:and closely related to
1582:Specific social phobia
1473:Organic brain syndrome
1315:Melancholic depression
1076:Childhood and learning
430:atypical antipsychotic
401:a lack of motivation (
302:diathesis–stress model
177:Differential diagnosis
2138:Psychomotor agitation
1928:and substance-related
1871:Postpartum depression
1751:Somatization disorder
1637:Acute stress reaction
1402:AIDS dementia complex
739:10.1176/ajp.151.6.815
446:typical antipsychotic
313:environmental factors
2133:Klüver–Bucy syndrome
1963:Substance dependence
1876:Postpartum psychosis
1422:Huntington's disease
1204:Lujan–Fryns syndrome
1053:Personality disorder
675:Acta Psychiatr Scand
606:developing countries
473:occupational therapy
255:occupational therapy
229:level of functioning
54:improve this article
2013:Delusional disorder
1958:Stimulant psychosis
1948:Physical dependence
1802:Rumination syndrome
1704:Conversion disorder
1681:Psychogenic amnesia
1531:with depressed mood
1529:Adjustment disorder
1432:Parkinson's disease
1407:Alzheimer's disease
1300:Atypical depression
1136:Social functioning
1011:Munchausen syndrome
1006:Factitious disorder
602:developed countries
529:Onset of prominent
508:psychotic disorders
504:Group psychotherapy
298:psychotic disorders
217:disorganized speech
2032:schizophrenia-like
1676:Dissociative fugue
1125:Movement disorders
862:External resources
531:psychotic symptoms
364:catatonic behavior
261:Signs and symptoms
221:catatonic behavior
219:, disorganized or
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1954:
1951:
1949:
1946:
1944:
1941:
1939:
1938:Drug overdose
1936:
1935:
1932:
1927:
1923:
1918:
1914:
1900:
1897:
1895:
1892:
1891:
1889:
1887:
1886:Sexual desire
1883:
1877:
1874:
1872:
1869:
1868:
1866:
1864:
1860:
1852:
1849:
1847:
1844:
1842:
1839:
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1834:
1832:
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1827:
1824:
1823:
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1814:
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1595:
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1583:
1580:
1578:
1575:
1574:
1573:
1572:Social phobia
1570:
1568:
1565:
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1560:
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1554:
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1550:
1546:
1543:
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1526:
1524:
1522:
1518:
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1510:
1507:-related and
1506:
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733:(6): 815–24.
732:
728:
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668:
661:
655:
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645:
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638:
636:
634:
632:
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628:
626:
624:
622:
617:
609:
607:
603:
599:
598:United States
595:
590:
587:
577:
575:
574:schizophrenia
571:
566:
558:
554:
551:
547:
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541:
539:
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532:
528:
527:
525:
524:
523:
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511:
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478:
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469:
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458:
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435:
431:
427:
423:
422:psychotherapy
419:
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365:
361:
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348:
345:
342:
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340:
337:
335:
324:
322:
318:
317:schizophrenia
314:
310:
307:
303:
299:
289:
286:
282:
281:
276:
275:schizophrenia
272:
268:
258:
256:
252:
248:
244:
240:
237:
236:antipsychotic
232:
230:
226:
222:
218:
214:
210:
205:
203:
202:schizophrenia
199:
195:
187:
183:
182:Schizophrenia
180:
178:
174:
170:
166:
162:
161:Schizophrenia
159:
157:
153:
150:
147:
145:
141:
136:
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121:
113:
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92:
88:
85:
81:
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71: –
70:
66:
65:Find sources:
59:
55:
49:
48:
43:This article
41:
37:
32:
31:
19:
2048:
2018:Folie Ă deux
1943:Intoxication
1924:substances,
1922:Psychoactive
1841:Night terror
1658:Dissociative
1622:Panic attack
1174:Tic disorder
869:
845:
834:
819:
804:
789:
763:. Retrieved
761:. 2005-11-29
758:
730:
726:
682:(5): 391–4.
679:
673:
667:
659:
654:
641:
591:
583:
580:Epidemiology
562:
517:
485:
470:
466:day hospital
450:
415:
338:
330:
295:
278:
264:
233:
206:
193:
192:
116:
110:October 2021
107:
97:
90:
83:
76:
64:
52:Please help
47:verification
44:
1991:schizotypal
1826:Hypersomnia
1816:Nonorganic
1557:Agoraphobia
1288:Cyclothymia
1283:Bipolar NOS
1258:(affective)
1130:Stereotypic
1038:Kleptomania
548:Absence of
375:flat affect
285:functioning
239:medications
2143:Stereotypy
2006:Delusional
1995:delusional
1968:Withdrawal
1836:Parasomnia
1741:Nosophobia
1521:Adjustment
1509:somatoform
1442:Sundowning
1295:Depression
1278:Bipolar II
1167:Stuttering
1162:Cluttering
958:Paraphilia
765:2024-04-17
612:References
600:and other
457:outpatient
396:asociality
370:, such as
149:Psychiatry
80:newspapers
2096:Catatonia
2028:Psychosis
1863:Postnatal
1846:Nightmare
1452:Wandering
1305:Dysthymia
1273:Bipolar I
1228:Pervasive
1043:Pyromania
968:Voyeurism
963:Fetishism
871:eMedicine
847:SNOMED CT
759:health.am
648:eMedicine
594:incidence
586:prevalent
520:prognosis
514:Prognosis
453:inpatient
412:Treatment
403:avolition
382:anhedonia
344:delusions
327:Diagnosis
271:psychosis
243:atypicals
209:delusions
144:Specialty
2162:Category
1831:Insomnia
1501:Neurotic
1468:Delirium
1394:Dementia
1233:Specific
852:88975006
704:41079944
436:such as
168:Duration
156:Symptoms
1540:Anxiety
1379:PDD-NOS
1268:Bipolar
921: (
841:D011618
747:8184991
696:1853733
438:lithium
389:aphasia
309:genetic
94:scholar
1784:Eating
1632:Stress
1549:Phobia
1505:stress
1364:Autism
1157:Speech
946:Sexual
830:295.40
815:F20.81
745:
702:
694:
565:brains
553:affect
498:, and
488:denial
459:, and
440:or an
398:), and
366:, and
223:, and
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2089:Other
1818:sleep
1605:Other
1461:Other
1327:Mania
999:Other
810:10-CM
800:F20.8
700:S2CID
292:Cause
196:is a
101:JSTOR
87:books
1993:and
1642:PTSD
1256:Mood
1096:ADHD
836:MeSH
825:9-CM
743:PMID
692:PMID
300:, a
73:news
2030:and
1617:OCD
1145:RAD
1140:DAD
1106:ODD
821:ICD
806:ICD
791:ICD
735:doi
731:151
684:doi
646:at
319:or
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