854:("Caller") in which the declarer names a side suit Ace (not held) and the player with the called Ace becomes the silent partner, whose identity is only revealed by the play of the cards. There is a long trump suit comprising all four Obers, four Unters and all the Hearts: 14 trumps in all. The aim is not primarily to win tricks but to capture cards with a point value â especially Aces and Tens â whereby the values are A = 11, Ten = 10, King = 4, Ober = 3, Unter = 2 and the rest are 'nixers', worth nothing. Thus the overall aim is to score as many points as possible by skilful and tactical play both in partnership and or individual games.
3009:) following deals where the cards are thrown in. The declarer in the next hand now has the chance to win the pot. If successful, the declarer alone sweeps the pot in addition to the normal winnings shared with a partner. If unsuccessful, the declarer alone doubles the contents of the pot and play continues with the next declarer a game having an opportunity chance to win the pot. In some circles, the sweetener can only be won by the successful declaring pair in a Rufer; both doubling the pot if they lose.
420:
5132:
8455:
1006:
976:
996:
986:
1238:
684:
460:, claimed that Schaffkopf "did not bear the unaesthetic name Schafkopf , which it is frequently called today as if to imply that playing it only required the level of mental ability which wise nature bestows on a dumb animal in our pastures; on the contrary it is the game that "creates intelligence" by giving all those who have had little education the opportunity to learn about combination theory and probability."
4447:, but this time the aim is to score as few card points as possible. The player with the most points loses and pays the others. If two or more players score the same number of points, the one with the most tricks loses. If the number of tricks is also equal, the player with the most trumps in the tricks loses; if that number is also equal, the player with the higher trump loses. Special rules adapted from
5169:) and each player only receives 6 instead of the usual 8 cards as in the "long pack". Playing short Schafkopf makes the game faster and alters playing tactics because of the changed probabilities. The cards are more frequently thrown in and partnership games are less common. Sometimes the 9s are removed to leave just 20 cards in the game and players are then dealt 5 cards each. Packs are sold by
34:
743:) earned 7 pfennigs. These rates were paid by each loser to a different winner. The tariff for matadors was 3 pfennigs for 3 matadors, 5 pfennigs for 4, 7 pfennigs for 5 and so on. At the second level the rates were 5/8/10 and at the third level 10/15/20. The tariff for a Solo is not mentioned but was usually double and paid by each loser to the winner or vice versa.
847:
However, the game is dominated by trumps because the trump suit is usually augmented by Obers and Unters. There is a simple auction in which players get one chance to pass or play a contract. If two offer to play, there is a priority based on the rank of the contract and the order of bidding. The winning bidder becomes the declarer and clarifies the contract.
4839:" Normally a token is placed on the table to confirm this. Depending on the local rules only forehand, only one player or all players may double. If more than one player doubles the game the factors are multiplied, i.e. one player 2x, two players 4x, three players 8x and four players 16x. These factors take effect after all bonuses are added. In the case of
5428:, was this rule relaxed and Schafkopf was recognized in this category; since then the record for continuous playing has been held exclusively by Schafkopf groups (for medical reasons the Guinness rules allow two substitutes). The officially recognized record playing time is currently 260 hours, placed in November 2013 by one Munich group.
2574:, a simple win earns 1 game point for each partner on the winning team and costs -1 for each loser. A soloist who wins with 61-90 card points earns 5 game points from each defender for a total of 15, costing each defender -5 game points. Points may be converted to money at an agreed tariff â see below.
865:
in which any suit may be named as trumps alongside the usual Obers and Unters. The declarer, this time as a soloist, plays alones against the three defenders who band together to try to prevent the declarer from winning. In most games, the target is for the declaring team or soloist to score at least
325:
in 1811. Some kind of
Schafkopf was current in Franconia (northern Bavaria) in the first half of the 19th century, but the distinct Bavarian form of the game is only positively recorded from 1879, since when it has become the dominant form, whereas German Schafkopf is only played in a number of local
5350:
Recently, the declining importance of the
Schafkopf game as a leisure activity, especially among young people, has been discussed in Bavarian media. This has also been viewed at the municipal level as an imminent loss of part of Bavarian identity; countermeasures are therefore receiving increasingly
4302:
is a classic negative contract where the soloist undertakes not to take a single trick. There are no trumps and, unlike the normal contracts, cards rank in their natural order: A K O U 10 9 8 7. A Bettel ranks above a Rufer and
Hochzeit and either just below a Geier/Wenz or between those and a Solo.
3188:
Part of the rich culture of
Schafkopf is the diverse range of optional contracts that may be added to classic or 'pure' Schafkopf. These contracts are rarely allowed in tournaments, but have a permanent place in many places where Schafkopf is played for leisure. The ranking of the most common add-on
590:- are rather poorly documented. This may be due, on the one hand, to its relatively low social reputation - in the first half of the 19th century Schafkopf was regarded as a comparatively unfashionable and simple "farmer's game" when seen against the backdrop of ever more popular card games (such as
2294:
when a player is dealt all 4 Obers and all 4 Unters The probability of this is 1 in 10,518,300 (in short cards 1 in 134,596). It is the only game that does not have to be played out; the hand is simply placed on the table. It normally scores four times the basic game value. In many
Bavarian pubs, a
5411:
In some localities, the local
Schafkopf club holds an 'Eichelober Ball', electing one of their number as the 'Eichelober' (Ober of Acorns), who wears a fancy hat and presides over ceremonial activities. He may be accompanied by Queen of the Ball. The ball may be funded by the penalty money amassed
3227:
The rules vary slightly from region to region. For example, they may stipulate that the wedding card must be placed face up on the table or may only be allowed if all players have passed. In the (rare) case that two players hold only one trump each, a Double
Wedding is also possible. The declaring
3258:
is a partnership variant played, for example, if all players have passed, after a Heart Solo or after a lost Solo. Usually a full round (four hands) is played. The players facing one another across the table automatically form teams. Although rules vary from region to region, it is usually agreed
1646:
A). The declarer must not have the Ace in question and must have at least one card of the same suit as the called Ace. The declarer and the owner of the called Ace then play together as a team and will combine their points won in tricks at the end. The other two become the defenders and will also
846:
Schafkopf is a four-player game in which players bid either to play with the aid of a partner or, if their hand is strong enough, to play alone against the other three players. Players receive eight cards from a 32-card, German-suited deck in which the suit ranking is A (high) 10 K O U 9 8 7.
451:
kopf was not uncommon in
Bavaria as an alternative spelling for Schafkopf; the ensuing discussion about the supposedly only correct form and its origin was the subject of extensive debate at that time - among other things in the columns of the Bavarian press - before the common variant
361:, Schafkopf is not really seen as a sport, but purely as a leisure activity. As a result, a large number of traditional rules and variants are used in private games, which can vary considerably from region to region. These common forms of the game are referred to as 'impure' Schafkopf (
5318:
is a form intermediate between
Bierkopf and Schafkopf. Again, there are fixed partnerships and no soloist games, but there is an auction and range of contracts with different trump mixes. Like Bierkopf, it is popular in Franconia and has also been produced as an app by Rackoon.
2658:
Seating is pre-determined and player 1 at each table is the first dealer. To shuffle a new pack, the Sixes are removed, the cards spread over the table, face down, and shuffled by all four players. Cards are shuffled a second time by another player before cutting.
4520:) any two cards face down to middlehand. If they are the two lords, middlehand has the same choice. This continues until the third player passes two cards to the dealer, who now has 8 cards. The player who has the two lords announces trumps and must play a
754:
had played and won a Heart Solo with no trumps. He had 2 Aces twice guarded and an Ace guarded singly, but no Tens; he led to the first trick and made 65 points to the astonishment of the other players with 14 trumps between them. In
599:
to distinguish it. In this older game, which had several variants, the declarer's team was generally determined by a combination of the two highest trump cards, in a not dissimilar manner to the way the Queens of Clubs are used in
2635:
Runners are trumps held by one side or the other in unbroken sequence from the highest downwards. They earn an additional 1 unit per runner provided that there are at least 3 runners in a Rufer or Solo, or at least 2 in a Wenz.
4405:
games or rounds are those for which there is double tariff. Players may agree beforehand that they will occur, for example, after the cards are thrown in, after a lost solo or doubled game, after a game ends 60-all and/or after
538:
The special feature of
Bavarian Schafkopf, the selection of a playing partner by 'calling' a Sow (= Deuce, but often called an Ace), was also usual in German Solo; the determination of the winning team by counting card points
759:
in 1881 at a private shooting club party, a gentlemen, Johann Weigel, played and won a Schafkopf without any of the 8 "matadors", which the defenders had to pay on scoring only 59, resulting in long faces and complaining. In
719:
in 1895, in which the author explicitly explains the differences from Schafkopf variants played in northern Germany, i.e. Skat and Doppelkopf. The 1876 poem is reprinted although the author clearly did not know its origin.
702:
in 1876 which not only lists all 14 trumps, but also the contracts of Rufer and Solo as well as features such as the called Ace and losing Schneider. However, the oldest actual rule set for Bavarian Schafkopf is found in
480:). To this day, such casks are used as tables at beer stands and beer halls. Although this hypothesis is unanimously rejected by experts and there is no evidence for it in older sources, it is widespread on the Internet.
463:
The issue was largely forgotten when author Wolfgang Peschel argued in the early 1990s for the double 'f' spelling based on the popular traditional view that, in earlier times, the game was supposed to have been played
435:
acquired its name at a time when it was played for up to nine or twelve points which were marked with a piece of chalk as lines on a board, gradually forming the stylized appearance of a sheep's head (German:
5333:
Schafkopf, as a genuine leisure pursuit, is, by definition, not organized; nevertheless, many clubs in public life, such as sports or shooting clubs, but also breweries and restaurants, regularly organize
788:. And in 1931, master signwriter M. Schleicher "had the good fortune to be able to play a Solo-Tout with the 8 highest cards "; clearly it was not called a "Sie" at that time, nor was it won without play.
6188:
5219:
A shortened pack is also used for three-hand Schafkopf, players still receiving eight cards as in standard Schafkopf. However, only soloist games (e.g. Wenz, Geier and Solo, but not Rufer) are possible.
594:
or Skat), especially at the universities - and, on the other hand, to changes in concept: originally the name referred to its forerunner, located more or less in the Saxon-Thuringian area and now called
5291:("beer head") is a very simplified form of Schafkopf that is a useful entry-level game. Players play in fixed partnerships, there is no auction and trumps are fixed as Obers, Unters and Hearts, as in a
4512:
O (the 2 highest lords) are removed from the pack before dealing; the dealer deals as usual, but receives only 6 cards. Forehand picks up the 2 cards and must decide whether to pass them on or play a
2736:
The following example is a typical point scoring scheme for social Schafkopf. It may be converted to a payment scheme by setting e.g. 1 point = 10 cents which corresponds to a 10/20 payment system.
1671:
of the called suit and that suit has not already been played, a lower card may be led, and the called Ace held back. This is 'running away' and the called Ace is referred to as the 'Running Sow' (
4022:), the Unters are the highest trumps and, in addition, a trump suit is also chosen. The Obers revert to their normal suits which leaves eleven trumps. Thus there are four distinct contracts:
5983:
2373:
are counted for each side and the game is scored. The declarer's team (declarer plus partner) or soloist must score at least 61 points, which means that the defenders only need 60 to win.
881:
in the legal sense by the relevant section of the act, § 284 StGB, and may therefore be played in Germany for money. The tariff must be settled before the game starts. Especially in
620:. The assumption often heard in Bavaria that Skat and Doppelkopf developed from the Bavarian Schafkopf is unlikely; a development of all three games from German Schafkopf is more likely.
1183:â which are universally known and the only ones permitted at most tournaments. The following description takes account of the official rules published by the Schafkopf School in Munich.
1272:
Forehand opens by saying "pass" if not wishing to bid, or "I'll play" to bid any contract. If forehand passes, the next player in turn has the same options, and so on round the table.
1119:("Sow") and, despite having "A" as a corner index, displays two suit symbols at each end. This is because the Ace was dropped from German packs very early on and later replaced by the
3208:("Wedding" or "Marriage"). The player who picks up the card first (the dealer invites them to do so in clockwise order) passes a non-trump card face down in exchange to the "suitor" (
905:. This is for the standard Schafkopf with 'long cards' or with a 'long pack' in which eight cards are dealt to each player. There is also a variant played with 'short cards' called
4876:
doubles the game again. In some circles, forehand may lay, but a subsequent player may only lay if the player beforehand has done so. This is called laying "one after the other" (
3585:
is a contract in which only the Obers are trumps. There are thus 11 trumps and the Unters take their place between the King and Nine of their respective suits. It ranks below a
519:
as well as the selection of a contract by announcing and bidding, probably originate from these games. However, it is likely that the distinctive Bavarian game was derived from
321:. The earliest written reference to the earlier form of Schafkopf â now known as German Schafkopf â dates to 1780, although it only came to notice through the polite society of
660:
or 'Call Ace' contract in the first half of the 19th century - apparently in Franconia. The first clear mention of a game of Schafkopf played according to Bavarian rules (in
4568:
4286:
4280:
4274:
4268:
4261:
4255:
4249:
4243:
3866:
3860:
3854:
3848:
3842:
3836:
3830:
3824:
3693:
3573:
3567:
3561:
3555:
3549:
3543:
3537:
3390:
2095:
2089:
2083:
2077:
2071:
2065:
2059:
2035:
1969:
1907:
1901:
1895:
1889:
1883:
1877:
1871:
1724:
1643:
1580:
1574:
1568:
1562:
1556:
1550:
1423:
1399:
152:
127:
5724:
4732:
4574:
4556:
4503:
4130:
4124:
4118:
4112:
4105:
4099:
4093:
4087:
3915:
3909:
3903:
3897:
3891:
3885:
3879:
3806:
3675:
3439:
3433:
3427:
3421:
3415:
3409:
3403:
3372:
3302:
2699:
games (the 'unit') and a higher rate for Wenz and Solo games, usually 2 or 5 units, chosen for ease of calculation and coin size. For example, if 5 cents is the rate for a
2138:
2132:
2126:
2120:
2114:
2108:
2041:
2017:
1951:
1773:
1767:
1761:
1755:
1749:
1743:
1737:
1706:
1631:
1502:
1496:
1490:
1484:
1478:
1472:
1405:
1381:
680:) was more popular. The question about the origin of the Bavarian Schafkopf cannot be answered conclusively, but available sources suggest a migration from north to south.
134:
109:
4562:
4509:
4234:
4228:
4222:
4216:
4209:
4203:
4197:
4191:
4182:
4176:
4170:
4164:
4157:
4151:
4145:
4139:
4005:
3999:
3993:
3987:
3981:
3975:
3969:
3961:
3955:
3949:
3943:
3937:
3931:
3925:
3818:
3812:
3735:
3729:
3723:
3717:
3711:
3705:
3699:
3687:
3681:
3529:
3523:
3517:
3511:
3505:
3499:
3493:
3483:
3477:
3471:
3465:
3459:
3453:
3447:
3384:
3378:
2216:
2210:
2204:
2198:
2192:
2186:
2178:
2172:
2166:
2160:
2154:
2148:
2053:
2047:
2029:
2023:
1963:
1957:
1863:
1857:
1851:
1845:
1839:
1833:
1827:
1817:
1811:
1805:
1799:
1793:
1787:
1781:
1718:
1712:
1637:
1542:
1536:
1530:
1524:
1518:
1512:
1459:
1453:
1447:
1441:
1435:
1429:
1417:
1411:
1393:
1387:
189:
183:
177:
171:
165:
159:
146:
140:
121:
115:
2355:
picks it up and places it face down in a pile on the table. The winner of the trick leads to the next trick and so on, until all 32 cards - 8 tricks - have been played.
2237:) â the Obers and Unters remain the highest trumps, but the soloist is free to choose any suit as trumps, its cards then ranking in the usual aceâten order (see table).
4443:
if the players bidding before him have all passed). There is no declarer and each player plays individually against everyone else. The same trump cards apply as for a
5165:) is "short Schafkopf", also called "sharp Schafkopf", which is played with just 24 cards, the 7s and 8s being removed. This is called playing with a "short pack" (
1605:
in the same order; and then the remaining Hearts cards - in the order Ace, Ten, King, Nine, Eight, Seven, making a total of 14 trumps (see table). All the rest are
838:) in 2007 which has published a revised version on its website. The School of Schafkopf has established itself as an authority on questions of rule interpretation.
7003:
2283:, card points are irrelevant; the soloist must take every trick to win. If the defenders take a single trick â even one with no card points â the soloist loses. A
6182:
4690:): there is no auction and players compete individually under normal rules. Whoever wins the third trick, must announce a solo contract. In the version called
294:
way of life. Schafkopf is a mentally demanding pastime that is considered "the supreme discipline of Bavarian card games" and "the mother of all trump games."
3299:
contract and the most common outcome in tournaments in the event that all four players pass. In this event, the owner of a particular card (almost always the
1123:. The Deuces used to bear illustrations of a wild boar, hence the nickname "sow". Today, only the Ace of Bells retains a wild boar image. The King, normally
4474:, a local variant, where the tricks are passed on clockwise at the end of the game, and where the player who has the fewest points at the end also wins.
5402:), who plays Schafkopf regularly with 3 companions - a police officer, lawyer and priest â who routinely help her solve crime in her local Bavarian town.
2725:, then 10 cents is the basic tariff for Schneider and runners (see below); 20 cents is paid for a Rufer and for Schwarz and 50 cents for a Wenz or Solo.
4467:
contract: either the loser pays the basic rate or a specially agreed rate to all players or the two players with the most points pay to the other two.
7160:
4739:, then deals the first hand of the final round. For the last round, special rules sometimes apply (double game values, only Solo games or the like).
550:
A possible ancestor of Schafkopf is the game of Scharwenzel, first recorded in Leipzig in 1715, but this is known in two forms. In northern Germany,
6929:
Die deutschen Kartenspiele oder Anleitung die ĂŒblichen gesellschaftlichen Spiele mit der deutschen Karte als Solo, Kontra, Schafkopf....zu lernen.
2650:(over 90) and 30 cents for 3 runners making a total game value of 60 cents. Thus she earns 180 cents in total; each opponent paying her 60 cents.
2339:
Once the contract has been announced, forehand leads to the first trick and then the other players play a card in clockwise order. Players must
2619:
it is increased by 2 units (whether the game has been won by the declarer's team or the defenders has no effect on the tariff). The payment of
6802:
2361:
If a trick is not yet completed (i.e. the cards are still face up on the table), each player has the right to ask to see the previous trick.
1650:
The player with the called Ace, may not reveal this and is only discovered during play. Strict rules apply to the playing of the called Ace:
6787:
5266:): the game is played with 'short cards'. Each player is dealt 8 cards and only Solo or Wenz are played. It is not permitted in tournaments.
4670:
of his or her choice. After the end of the round the player with the poorest Solo result makes a pre-agreed payment to the three winners. (
866:
61 of the 120 card points available. There are bonuses for scoring over 3/4 of the points or taking all eight tricks. An exception are the
2728:
In private rounds the minimun number of runners in all contracts may be set at 3. A maximum may also be set at anything between 4 and 14.
8536:
5424:
recognized card game records only if they were based on a French deck of 52 cards. Only after the intervention of Bavarian broadcasters,
4058:", thus concealing their strong suit. If that player wins the auction, the suit is clarified by saying e.g. "I'm playing a "Bell Wenz".
1343:
If two players have equal bids, the earlier bidder has the priority. Once either passes, the next player in turn must overcall or pass.
1324:
The first bidder may hold again by saying "myself". The second bidder would now have to announce an intention to take all eight tricks (
1082:. The cards in any one suit have a collective value of 30 points; thus there are 120 points to be played for in the pack. The values in
727:, typically played for low stakes. An 1876 table of "card game tariffs" gives 3 levels of payment. In the cheapest, a single game was 3
5342:("Schafkopf races"). Despite the comparatively uniform rules of these tournaments, there are still considerable regional differences.
4906:
Taking all the possible contracts, bonuses and doubling mechanisms, results in the following scheme for calculating the game value if
4463:("maiden") (i.e. one or two players do not make a trick, the loser pays twice or four times). There are no fixed rules for settling a
2721:
Sometimes the tariff includes a third sum to counteract the sometimes disproportionate effect of bonuses. For example, if the rate is
4307:, the rate for a soloist game is often used as the basis for calculation, sometimes a separate rate is determined. Variants include:
3189:
contracts is shown in the table alongside the standard Schafkopf contracts (* = classification regionally very different).
799:) in which the declarer called for a non-trump Ace and its holder became the declarer's partner and Hearts were always trumps; and a
2582:
If Schafkopf is played for money, the winnings are paid out after the end of each hand. The unit of payment (e.g. 5 cents) and the
2586:(the rate for the different games) must be agreed beforehand. In the official rules the game value for the different contracts is:
6496:
2683:
In social games, the cutter may instruct the dealer to deal the cards differently e.g. "all eight" instead of 2 packets of 4, or
6482:
6511:
6378:
2695:
Social games are often played for small stakes where e.g. 1 unit = 5 cents. The tariff is usually made up of a lower rate for
7153:
7057:
7020:
6961:
6855:
4054:). During the bidding process, if two players bid and need to clarify their contracts, a player need only say e.g. "I have a
1131:
and many of the cards, individually or collectively have nicknames. Among the more important are the Unters which are called
6541:
6394:
5786:
It is common for the defenders to lead the called suit in order to 'draw out' the called Ace and establish the partnerships.
2415:) contracts, in which the soloist must take all eight tricks to win. If the defenders take one trick, the soloist has lost.
8482:
8473:
7422:
6906:
444:= head). However, evidence of such notation is not found in the Bavarian context where it was invariably played for money.
6421:
Schwarzmann (1876), p. 862. The RCB cites the author as J.B.Câ. but several later sources cite L. Schwarzmann of Sulzbach.
6168:
5592:"Schafkopf Booklet - Detailed Instructions for Learning and Improving at the Game of Schafkopf Using German-Suited Cards."
1207:
by the player to the right. When cutting, at least three cards must be lifted or left. The pack may be cut up to 3 times.
483:
Another theory, which dates to the mid-19th century, is that it comes from "Schaffen" and "Kopf", "to work one's brain".
2358:
Failure to follow suit, criticising or verbally trying to influence the game generally results in the loss of the game.
6884:
1976:
between the King and Nine. Hearts are no longer trumps and there is no option to name another suit as trumps as in the
1214:, to the left. Each player receives 8 cards in two rounds: being given 4 cards in the first round and 4 in the second.
7034:
807:
any suit and played alone against three defenders. During the 20th century, however, other contracts began to emerge.
6921:
6869:
6132:
6059:
6016:
6827:
3345:
These games, too, are generally only of regional significance, as a result only the most common are described here.
2646:
with 91 card points having had the 3 highest Obers. From each opponent she earns 20 cents for the win, 10 cents for
857:
A player with high trumps and a long suit may risk a soloist game of which there are two in standard Schafkopf: the
8506:
8458:
7146:
6968:
6526:
8531:
8521:
7122:
6052:
Bayerisch Schaffkopfen - Wissenswertes, Humoriges; mit den offiziellen Regeln des Bayerischen Schaffkopf-Vereins.
1664:
A player may not lead another card of the called suit while holding the called Ace back with the exception below.
6736:
6317:
Royalisten und Republicaner. Aus der Zeit der französischen Republik. Zweite Abtheilung: Graf Larochejacquelein,
664:) dates to the year 1849; and while Schapfkopf playing in Franconia was already widespread in the 1840s, in the
8464:
6154:
1005:
456:
kopf became widely accepted from about 1970. However, it was not a new argument. In 1862, the family monthly,
4532:
is also possible with 3 cards being set aside or with 4 cards, in which case all 4 Obers are removed and the
7005:
Schafkopf-BĂŒchlein - Detailliche Anleitung zum Lernen und Verbessern des Schafkopfspiel mit deutschen Karten
1593:
is the normal contract and the one played about 80% of the time. It is a partnership game in which the four
975:
713:
Schafkopf-BĂŒchlein - Detailliche Anleitung zum Lernen und Verbessern des Schafkopfspiel mit deutschen Karten
365:) in contrast with 'pure' or standard Schafkopf which is played in tournaments. The name is sometimes spelt
278:, where it is their national card game played by around two million people, but it also played elsewhere in
8526:
8335:
8331:
7053:
Vols. III. and IV., Munich 1837, 2nd edn. 1877 (combined into Vol. 2) by Georg Karl Frommann, p. 378.
5256:
995:
985:
6665:
8055:
7974:
7712:
7585:
7182:
5360:
which is not always intelligible to outsiders. The game has also entered Bavarian culture in other ways:
2325:" This must be done before the second card is played to the first trick. The declarer may redouble with "
1654:
It must be played if its suit is led to a trick, even if the called player has another card of that suit.
746:
Schafkopf competitions were frequently reported in the newspapers along with unusual feats. In 1880, the
6722:
5731:
is played, each person partnering the one opposite (this is often a tournament rule), or c) they play a
8516:
8414:
7173:
6407:
4459:, which correspond to a "sweep" or "slam", i.e. one player takes all the tricks to wins the game, and
7642:
4864:): after picking up their first packet of 4 cards (3 in Short Schafkopf), players in turn may 'lay' (
4815:
Eight Cards: players may double as they play their first card and redouble as they play their second.
2313:
A defender who might have a stronger hand than the declarer may double the game value by announcing "
7079:
8511:
7954:
6949:, No. 97, November 2018, pp. 25/26, Accessible in the Internet at Stadtzeitung Burgau aktuell.
6143:
5421:
374:
254:
6213:
4366:
Sometimes special games rounds with different rules are played after certain events (for example,
3337:
player holds all three side suit Aces himself, a Ten may be called or, failing that, even a King.
1298:
When a second bid is made, the first bidder must either pass or say "I'll play myself", to play a
831:
635:" and they go to look for a pack of cards. It also appears in a 1782 Saxon schedule of penalties,
7554:
7494:
7267:
6862:
Schafkopf und Doppelkopf - FĂŒr AnfĂ€nger und Fortgeschrittene. Regeln und Taktik. Praktische Tipps
6836:
4358:
Sometimes variants are played where the Obers and Unters are trumps, but there is no trump suit.
1261:
will be played. Players have one opportunity to bid and do so in clockwise order, beginning with
902:
885:
it is normally played for small stakes to make it more interesting and the players more focused.
357:) and form guidelines for the detail of the game and the conduct of the players. However, unlike
6987:
5997:
4439:
is a contract often played if no-one has bid (often the 'last man' has the option of announcing
2347:. The trick is won by the highest trump or, if no trumps are played, by the highest card of the
8218:
7904:
5512:
5497:
1625:
1262:
1254:
1211:
4893:): after picking up their first packet of 4 cards (3 in Short Schafkopf), players may 'knock (
3309:
has some special features: the game is won if the declarer's team score 60 card points and is
661:
623:
The game of Schafkopf is first recorded in the 1780s in the literature. In Hartmann's comedy,
8354:
8280:
8223:
7230:
4646:): After a lost solo, a round played in which forehand must always play and is automatically
1309:
If the first bidder says "I'll play myself", the second must pass unless intending to play a
898:
764:
in 1888, a similar feat was reported: in a game of "the noble Schaffkopf" a player had won a
508:
318:
6775:
7879:
7854:
7417:
7329:
5453:
5425:
5335:
5328:
1661:
if the led card is of a different suit, even though the called player is void in that suit.
1601:â in the order (highest to lowest) Acorns, Leaves, Hearts and Bells â followed by the four
1192:
1120:
1075:
785:
528:
6446:
4725:
A Schafkopf session traditionally ends with the words "the old man deals the last round" (
8:
7427:
7412:
4694:, the soloist is the first to three tricks; if all take two, it is scored as in a Ramsch.
4589:
Of the myriad special contracts, often regional or local, a selection is described here:
1933:
1139:
contract. The Nines, Eights and Sevens, which have no point value and are only of use as
1071:
1067:
894:
604:
today, for example. The variants played in the Palatinate and in the USA (especially in
327:
5351:
wide support. More and more adult education centres in Bavaria offer Schafkopf courses.
1283:
with "I'll play too". By overcalling, a player commits to a playing a soloist contract (
507:
through the courtly circles of France in the late 17th century), its four-hand variant,
8301:
8238:
8187:
8152:
8098:
7814:
7516:
7359:
7282:
5723:
5442:
5232:
4731:
4573:
4561:
4555:
4508:
4502:
4324:. The declarer's cards are placed face up after the first trick. Double the value of a
3734:
3728:
3722:
3716:
3710:
3704:
3698:
3686:
3680:
3674:
3301:
1962:
1956:
1950:
1675:). There are no restrictions on a Running Sow; it is played as any other side suit Ace.
1636:
1630:
1598:
1110:
1043:
1035:
1027:
784:
a player won a Bell Solo by 4 points with the Ace and Nine of Leaves, but not a single
516:
267:
188:
182:
176:
170:
164:
158:
145:
139:
133:
120:
114:
108:
6243:
6127:
Oxford Dictionary of Card Games, p. 246, David Parlett - Oxford University Press 1996
6102:
654:
The specifically Bavarian variant of the game originated with the introduction of the
8306:
8253:
8182:
7859:
7652:
7597:
7532:
7511:
7448:
7437:
7302:
7256:
7240:
7169:
7016:
6957:
6917:
6902:
6880:
6865:
6851:
6752:
6128:
6055:
6012:
5870:
5565:
Thuringia as such did not exist at the time but much of the area was ruled by Saxony.
5532:
5370:
5356:
5252:
5213:
4567:
3692:
3592:
There are similar contract variants in which another card denomination is entrumped:
2986:
2378:
1968:
1642:
1051:
613:
504:
491:
The indirect precursors of the various games of the Schafkopf family (which includes
306:
263:
151:
126:
6330:
1678:
If the called Ace is not led or demanded earlier, it must be left to the last trick.
346:
are simple variants which make a useful introduction to the more complex Schafkopf.
8193:
8142:
8045:
7919:
7894:
7682:
7637:
7627:
7612:
7564:
7453:
7374:
7313:
7224:
7218:
6228:
6027:
5527:
5447:
5201:
5197:
5158:
4812:
First (Card): doubling is only allowed as the first card is led to the first trick.
4711:
4448:
1258:
811:, in which the player with the most points loses, appears in 1933 and is joined by
773:
617:
596:
587:
520:
496:
358:
310:
302:
271:
234:
5394:
is the title of an early evening programme which was aired by German broadcaster,
2615:
at the end of the game, the value of the game is increased by 1 unit. If they are
826:
The rules of the game were officially established by the Bavarian Schafkopf Club (
8125:
8103:
8075:
8011:
7990:
7889:
7724:
7521:
7469:
7390:
7379:
7292:
7212:
7207:
7138:
6646:
6364:
6315:
6192:
6147:
5487:
5399:
5193:
5170:
5162:
2388:: taking all tricks. At 31 card points the declarer's team or soloist are out of
2384:
1940:
the declarer plays against the other three players. The only trumps are the four
1090:
769:
724:
673:
665:
544:
7949:
7909:
7095:
5381:, Max Griesser describes the course of a Hearts Solo during a game of Schafkopf.
2566:
The scale of win and type of contract determine the game points awarded using a
7934:
7744:
7297:
7235:
6976:
6945:
Jedelhauser, Philipp (2018). âDas Schafkopfspiel, VergnĂŒgen und Traditionâ, in
5209:
4764:
4321:
4298:
3326:
2583:
2343:. If they are unable to do so, they may either play a trump or any card from a
648:
7505:
5522:
3204:
A player with only one trump, may place it face down on the table and offer a
575:
8500:
8434:
8349:
8316:
8243:
7924:
7839:
7632:
7479:
7384:
7116:
6756:
6597:
5712:
5708:
5507:
5205:
4471:
3296:
3132:
2352:
1658:
1226:
947:
934:
921:
878:
756:
736:
644:
7677:
7130:
781:
677:
8430:
8369:
8069:
7985:
7672:
7559:
7549:
7349:
7344:
6970:
Der gewandte Kartenspieler: 2. Der Schaffkopf: ein geistreiches Kartenspiel
5702:
Alternatively, in social settings, either a) the cards are thrown in and a
2412:
2252:
1973:
1276:
1222:
1218:
1196:
1023:
960:
867:
751:
705:
Der gewandte Kartenspieler: 2. Der Schaffkopf: ein geistreiches Kartenspiel
669:
419:
7526:
7028:
Bayerisch Schaffkopfen: Wissenswertes - Humoriges - Offizielle Spielreglen
6803:"Guinnessbuch der Rekorde: Der Schafkopf-Weltrekord ist wieder in MĂŒnchen"
5131:
4671:
3280:
if there has been no Contra or laying, the team leading to the first trick
2331:" before the second card is played. The role of declarer does not switch.
683:
349:
The first official rules were established by the Bavarian Schafkopf Club (
8440:
8394:
8321:
8203:
8198:
8147:
7784:
7734:
7667:
7474:
7339:
7324:
5502:
5378:
5174:
2990:
2340:
1628:. To choose a playing partner, the declarer 'calls' for a non-trump Ace (
1204:
830:) at the 1st Bavarian Schafkopf Congress on 17 December 1989 in Munich's
591:
586:
The origin and development of the game of Schafkopf - in comparison with
559:
555:
551:
512:
500:
314:
270:
for four players that evolved, towards the end of the 19th century, from
59:
7401:
7396:
6276:
5985:
Bayerische Kartenspiele: Vom Aussterben bedroht: Retten Sie das Karteln!
2299:
is honoured by the custom of no longer using the cards, but framing the
1237:
708:
8291:
8172:
8113:
8028:
7959:
7819:
7804:
7657:
7647:
7364:
7262:
7075:, 3rd annual edn., Amberg, Saturday 10 June, p. 375 (in Internet).
6300:
5482:
5297:. The game is highly popular in Franconia where it is often played for
2703:
and the Wenz/Solo rate is 20 cents, the basic tariff is referred to as
2370:
1140:
1083:
601:
492:
431:, most of which come from traditional folklore. One suggestion is that
387:
298:
3668:, Leaves are trumps as well as the four Obers. The trump ranking in a
1612:
A player who wishes to play with the help of a partner may announce a
571:
8384:
8296:
8264:
8233:
8208:
8157:
8039:
8033:
7899:
7884:
7829:
7809:
7759:
7739:
7407:
7369:
7251:
7101:
6033:
5472:
4710:) any card from another player's hand and give any card in exchange (
2351:. Once there are four cards on the table, the player who has won the
2344:
1606:
1275:
As soon as someone offers to 'play', a subsequent player must either
1079:
874:) contracts, in which the soloist must take all eight tricks to win.
609:
605:
532:
322:
291:
287:
7287:
2985:
If playing for money, players may pre-agree that each player puts a
1948:, hence the name of the contract. They rank from highest to lowest:
8364:
8286:
8108:
8081:
7864:
7849:
7824:
7764:
7697:
7687:
7662:
7489:
7458:
7442:
7354:
6939:
5517:
5477:
5288:
5283:
4614:): three rounds are played, during which each player has to play a
2567:
2348:
1280:
1200:
339:
230:
7789:
7607:
7245:
5467:
4418:
round, the next four deals are played at double the usual tariff.
2396:). For the defending team, the game is won with only 60 points, a
8426:
8344:
8275:
8177:
8162:
8093:
8087:
8022:
7964:
7929:
7869:
7844:
7834:
7779:
7774:
7754:
7702:
7692:
7574:
7538:
7432:
7334:
7307:
6699:
882:
804:
728:
524:
283:
279:
275:
49:
8374:
7617:
7602:
7112:
6662:
5711:
is played in which the game value is doubled, or b) they play a
5583:"The Skilful Card Player: 2. Schafkopf: an Ingenious Card Game."
3325:) by having no suit in which to call an Ace, it is permitted to
2662:
In some Schafkopf tournaments there is a special variant of the
2303:
hand on the wall together with the date and name of the player.
1346:
If all pass, the cards are thrown in and the next dealer deals.
531:
and spread to Franconia in northern Bavaria through what is now
8379:
8359:
8248:
8228:
8213:
8167:
8136:
8131:
8016:
7995:
7944:
7939:
7874:
7799:
7794:
7749:
7729:
7543:
7484:
7464:
7318:
7277:
5926:
The token could be e.g. a matchbox, special coin or bottle top.
5492:
5315:
5310:
5301:(litres) of beer. It has been reproduced as an app by Rackoon.
4435:
4429:
3333:) by calling an Ace without having a card of that suit. If the
776:, a player was dealt all eight matadors, a feat now known as a
761:
716:
343:
238:
6011:
Foster's Skat Manual, p. 3, R. F. Foster - Averill Press 2008
4829:
Knocking: In some circles, doubling is announced by knocking (
4285:
4279:
4273:
4267:
4260:
4254:
4248:
4242:
3865:
3859:
3853:
3847:
3841:
3835:
3829:
3823:
3572:
3566:
3560:
3554:
3548:
3542:
3536:
3389:
2094:
2088:
2082:
2076:
2070:
2064:
2058:
2034:
1906:
1900:
1894:
1888:
1882:
1876:
1870:
1723:
1579:
1573:
1567:
1561:
1555:
1549:
1422:
1398:
694:
The earliest clear description of the game appears in a poem,
543:), instead of tricks, however, has another origin, perhaps in
8399:
8270:
8119:
8006:
8001:
7914:
7769:
7622:
7569:
7499:
7272:
7202:
7196:
5228:
The following variants exist for two, three or five players:
4129:
4123:
4117:
4111:
4104:
4098:
4092:
4086:
3914:
3908:
3902:
3896:
3890:
3884:
3878:
3805:
3438:
3432:
3426:
3420:
3414:
3408:
3402:
3371:
3317:
with 90 points). In addition, no Contra may be given. If the
2137:
2131:
2125:
2119:
2113:
2107:
2040:
2016:
1772:
1766:
1760:
1754:
1748:
1742:
1736:
1705:
1501:
1495:
1489:
1483:
1477:
1471:
1404:
1380:
1089:
The Obers and Unters were collectively known historically as
850:
The lowest contract and by far the most commonly played is a
570:
Q. In Bavaria there was a different game that was related to
286:. It is an official cultural asset and important part of the
6700:"Schafkopfrennen Turniere - Deutscher Schafkopf Verein e.V."
33:
8422:
8404:
8389:
8311:
5537:
4754:
Variations of the official procedure for doubling include:
4233:
4227:
4221:
4215:
4208:
4202:
4196:
4190:
4181:
4175:
4169:
4163:
4156:
4150:
4144:
4138:
4004:
3998:
3992:
3986:
3980:
3974:
3968:
3960:
3954:
3948:
3942:
3936:
3930:
3924:
3817:
3811:
3528:
3522:
3516:
3510:
3504:
3498:
3492:
3482:
3476:
3470:
3464:
3458:
3452:
3446:
3383:
3377:
2215:
2209:
2203:
2197:
2191:
2185:
2177:
2171:
2165:
2159:
2153:
2147:
2052:
2046:
2028:
2022:
1862:
1856:
1850:
1844:
1838:
1832:
1826:
1816:
1810:
1804:
1798:
1792:
1786:
1780:
1717:
1711:
1541:
1535:
1529:
1523:
1517:
1511:
1458:
1452:
1446:
1440:
1434:
1428:
1416:
1410:
1392:
1386:
1086:
are: Ace 11, Ten 10, King 4, Ober 3, Unter 2, remainder 0.
7068:), Nro. 4. Sunday 9 January 1876. Regensburg: J. Reitmayr.
823:, now standard, was still being described as a variation.
353:) in 1989. These were revised by the School of Schafkopf (
7106:
6098:
6096:
6094:
6092:
6090:
6088:
5988:
at www.abendzeitung-muenchen.de. Retrieved 17 August 2018
5395:
791:
In the early rule sets, there were only two contracts: a
6850:
19th edition. Hanover: Humboldt (2017), pp. 32â38.
6086:
6084:
6082:
6080:
6078:
6076:
6074:
6072:
6070:
6068:
6046:
6044:
6042:
5810:
in which a trump suit is nominated alongside the Unters.
5398:
in 2012. It stars a female detective, Sandra (played by
3741:
The corresponding contracts for the other variants are:
1115:
For historical reasons the Ace is known in Bavaria as a
877:
Schafkopf is not classed by the German authorities as a
427:
There are various theories about the origin of the name
5223:
3664:
in which a suit is also nominated as trumps. Thus in a
3274:
if no Stoss or Contra has been said, the first team to
893:
Schafkopf is a four-handed game played with a 32-card,
616:) should be understood as further developments of this
6916:, Niederhausen: Falken (1975/1979), pp. 111â114.
6680:, Niedernhausen im Taunus: Falken-Verlag, 1980, p. 40.
6212:
H. Burger, E. Fischer, H. Riehl-Heyse, J. Blaumeiser:
5852:
In the short game, the 4 Obers and 2 top Unters are a
5251:), a Schafkopf-like game with diverse rules. See also
1265:. The ranking of the contracts in ascending order is:
578:
in which the 4 Unters and possibly 4 Nines were wild.
6792:
at www.oberschneiding.de. Retrieved 15 February 2021.
6065:
6039:
1336:" or, in the rare event of being dealt all 8 lords, "
5273:): as per normal Schafkopf, but the dealer sits out.
4809:, etc. â are allowed, each doubling the game value.
4316:: a variant found in many regions which is simply a
2623:
is a matter of honour and paid voluntarily, whereas
2400:
is achieved with just 90 points and they are out of
1199:; the player with the highest card wins. The dealer
562:
but with the 4 Unters as permanent trumps below the
6230:
Die Naturgeschichte nach Wort und Spruch des Volkes
3228:team is the pair that announced the first Wedding.
1191:Four players sit crosswise at the table. The first
631:) published in 1780, Platz tells his brother that "
447:
Until the late 1960s, the alternative spelling Scha
7168:
6366:Rhapsodia quaestionum in foro quotidie obunientum,
6103:Schafkopf Rules of the Bavarian Schafkopf School (
4897:) in clockwise order; each knock doubles the game.
1253:Before play, there is an auction to determine the
6156:SchwÀnke und Gedichte in sauerlÀndischer Mundart,
711:in 1884. This was followed a decade later by the
515:. The distinction between variable and permanent
8498:
7036:Deutsches Magazin: ein illustrirtes Familienbuch
6892:Der "Bayerische" Schafkopf: Strategie u. Taktik.
6843:, 8th edition, Dresden (1988), pp. 177â180.
6397:, 3rd volume, No. 1 date 1 January 1843, p. 375.
6264:Deutsches Magazin: ein illustrirtes Familienbuch
5157:A popular variant in parts of eastern Bavarian (
4901:
4348:but Obers, Unters and hearts are trumps as in a
3192:
2290:The highest possible contract in Schafkopf is a
1609:cards and rank in the same order as the Hearts.
6630:
6628:
6626:
6624:
6622:
6620:
6618:
6498:OberfrÀnkische Zeitung und Bayreuther Anzeiger.
6105:Schafkopfregeln der Bayerischen Schafkopfschule
5869:The origin of the name is uncertain, but may a
4536:must be determined before the cards are dealt.
3603:König, Keni, Krone, Habicht, Adler, HĂŒhnergeier
834:These were updated by the School of Schafkopf (
26:"The supreme discipline of Bavarian card games"
5556:In both senses: the sheep's head and the game.
1171:) Schafkopf comprises three basic contracts â
7154:
6992:, Vol. 4 (QâS). NeumĂŒnster: Wachholtz Verlag.
6560:, 84th Yr, No. 143, Friday 29 May 1931, p. 2.
6244:"Rules and Regulations of Bavarian Schafkopf"
5177:specifically for the short game and labelled
4666:is played. In each case forehand must play a
3224:("Double Wedding"), two cards are exchanged.
2718:(equivalent to the Schafkopf School tariff).
2707:. In social games, the most common rates are
641:Zechen und Spielen an Werktagen und Sonntagen
305:. These three and the North American game of
7015:. London: Penguin (2008), pp. 225â229.
6615:
6331:"Bauernstoss, ein Kartenspiel aus Erfweiler"
6002:at viertreff.de. Retrieved 26 February 2022.
4500:) is played as a full round of 4 deals. The
3340:
3313:free with 30 points (correspondingly won as
1267:Rufer, Wenz, Solo, Wenz Tout, Solo Tout, Sie
581:
6981:Das GroĂe Haus- und Familienbuch der Spiele
6841:Erweitetes SpielregelbĂŒchlein aus Altenburg
6678:Schafkopf, Doppelkopf... u.a. "Lokalspiele"
6652:at bibel-forum.de. Retrieved 20 April 2022.
6642:
6640:
5823:was sometimes ranked higher that the other
4524:against the rest. If none wishes to play a
1217:The role of dealer rotates clockwise; four
861:, in which only Unters are trumps, and the
651:in the legal sense and was thus permitted.
647:for example, it was not to be considered a
637:Drinking and Gaming on Workdays and Sundays
39:The Obers and Unters - permanent top trumps
7161:
7147:
7081:Schafkopf: Ein Versuch, Wisssen zu sammeln
6176:
5765:("partnership game") are also encountered.
4361:
3636:: only the Sevens are trumps. Ranks above
3212:) and becomes the partner. In the variant
1210:The dealer deals clockwise beginning with
1066:There are eight cards in each suit: Ace,
643:), typically with the remark that, unlike
309:descend from an earlier game, also called
32:
7135:- rules for 'short' Schafkopf (in German)
6997:Schafkopf: Das anspruchsvolle Kartenspiel
6954:Schafkopf for Expats and English Speakers
6683:
5388:by Andreas Föhr also deals with the game.
5377:("Hearts are Trumps (then call ...)") by
5354:Schafkopf has its own language, known as
4516:. Either way, forehand passes (pushes or
3601:: only the Kings are trumps. Also called
1313:, which is announced by saying "I have a
317:which, in turn, is the German version of
7046:. Minden (Westphalia): Albrecht Philler.
6648:Spielregeln fĂŒr den "unreinen" Schafkopf
6637:
6572:
6441:
6439:
5130:
3621:: only the Tens are trumps. Ranks below
2600:
2255:, by taking every trick, may announce a
1236:
682:
511:, and its simplified German derivative,
418:
7109:site dedicated to Schafkopf (in German)
6877:Schafkopf: Mit Taktik zum Erfolg Band 1
6776:Schafkopf â a bissel was geht immer ZDF
6727:at sauspiel.de. Retrieved 7 March 2022.
6429:
6427:
6383:Der Zuschauer an der Pegnitz (NĂŒrnberg)
5363:
5345:
5338:in Bavaria, where they are also called
5322:
4584:
4394:
2287:usually doubles the normal game value.
1195:is usually decided by drawing from the
999:Hearts symbol of Bavarian playing cards
989:Leaves symbol of Bavarian playing cards
828:Bayerischer Schafkopf-Verein e. V.
8499:
6581:
6395:OberpfÀlzisches Zeitblatt (Regensburg)
6385:, Vol. 2, No. 1, 2 January 1849, p 12.
5885:which mean "you" (informal, singular).
5881:is the formal form of the German word
4880:) as opposed to "all over the place" (
1009:Bells symbol of Bavarian playing cards
979:Acorn symbol of Bavarian playing cards
7142:
6436:
5412:during the year by playing the game.
5212:. It is also played in the county of
4706:: the soloist is allowed to 'pluck' (
4553:) from Munich. Forehand is given the
4070:
3783:
3357:
3012:
1994:
1691:
1365:
1162:
1143:, are variously known as "sparrows" (
499:), were the Spanish national game of
373:
258:, lit. 'sheep's head'), also called
253:
6424:
6409:Land und Leute im Bayerischen Walde,
5375:Herz ist Trumpf (Dann rufst du an âŠ)
5224:Two-, Three- and Five-Hand Schafkopf
2382:: scoring 91 points or more and for
1279:, by saying "play on" or "good", or
1247:3: Rearhand, cuts the pack, bids 3rd
906:
780:. In 1929, it was reported that, in
750:reported that a Schafkopf player in
423:Traditional Schafkopf scoring system
7124:Traditionelles Stammtisch-VergnĂŒgen
6989:Schleswig-Holsteinisches Wörterbuch
6934:Hartmann, Andreas Gottlieb (1780).
6805:. Augsburger Allgemeine. 2013-11-15
5392:Schafkopf â a bissel was geht immer
4744:
3305:O) must play the game as declarer.
2653:
2271:outranks all other contracts and a
841:
523:, itself a game that originated in
13:
8537:Card games introduced in the 1840s
7071:_ (1843) Bayer. Staatsbibliothek:
7066:Beiblatt zum Regensburger Tagblatt
7049:Schmeller, Johann Andreas (1837).
7039:, Vol. 1. Berlin: Oswald Seehagen.
6894:MĂŒnchener Kommissionsbuchh. 64 pp.
6781:
6661:All these variants are covered at
6415:
5753:("Call game") in German, although
5749:(lit. "Caller") is usually called
5126:
4833:) on the table or by saying e.g. "
4822:the defenders take over the game (
3218:("Farmers' Wedding"), also called
1127:in German, is often nicknamed the
1004:
994:
984:
974:
678:true Tarock game played in Austria
14:
8548:
7089:
6305:at nsv.de. Retrieved 15 June 2022
5977:
5843:in Bavarian and "too" in English.
4818:Taking over the Game: by calling
1249:4: Dealer, deals cards, bids last
8454:
8453:
7062:Regensburger Conversations-Blatt
6956:. Ahrensburg: Tredition Verlag.
6901:. Niedernhausen: Falken (1994).
6750:
6215:Bavaria's Prussians are the best
6150:Schwameldirk (En FastowendstĂŒck)
5839:is French for "all"; pronounced
5722:
4920:
4801:, further doubling calls â e.g.
4730:
4662:has been won, a round of forced
4572:
4566:
4560:
4554:
4528:the cards are either thrown in.
4507:
4501:
4284:
4278:
4272:
4266:
4259:
4253:
4247:
4241:
4232:
4226:
4220:
4214:
4207:
4201:
4195:
4189:
4180:
4174:
4168:
4162:
4155:
4149:
4143:
4137:
4128:
4122:
4116:
4110:
4103:
4097:
4091:
4085:
4067:
4003:
3997:
3991:
3985:
3979:
3973:
3967:
3959:
3953:
3947:
3941:
3935:
3929:
3923:
3913:
3907:
3901:
3895:
3889:
3883:
3877:
3864:
3858:
3852:
3846:
3840:
3834:
3828:
3822:
3816:
3810:
3804:
3780:
3733:
3727:
3721:
3715:
3709:
3703:
3697:
3691:
3685:
3679:
3673:
3571:
3565:
3559:
3553:
3547:
3541:
3535:
3527:
3521:
3515:
3509:
3503:
3497:
3491:
3481:
3475:
3469:
3463:
3457:
3451:
3445:
3437:
3431:
3425:
3419:
3413:
3407:
3401:
3388:
3382:
3376:
3370:
3354:
3300:
3016:
2738:
2731:
2417:
2214:
2208:
2202:
2196:
2190:
2184:
2176:
2170:
2164:
2158:
2152:
2146:
2136:
2130:
2124:
2118:
2112:
2106:
2093:
2087:
2081:
2075:
2069:
2063:
2057:
2051:
2045:
2039:
2033:
2027:
2021:
2015:
1991:
1967:
1961:
1955:
1949:
1905:
1899:
1893:
1887:
1881:
1875:
1869:
1861:
1855:
1849:
1843:
1837:
1831:
1825:
1815:
1809:
1803:
1797:
1791:
1785:
1779:
1771:
1765:
1759:
1753:
1747:
1741:
1735:
1722:
1716:
1710:
1704:
1688:
1641:
1635:
1629:
1578:
1572:
1566:
1560:
1554:
1548:
1540:
1534:
1528:
1522:
1516:
1510:
1500:
1494:
1488:
1482:
1476:
1470:
1457:
1451:
1445:
1439:
1433:
1427:
1421:
1415:
1409:
1403:
1397:
1391:
1385:
1379:
1362:
700:Regensburger Conversations-Blatt
633:I thought we'd play a Schaafkopf
187:
181:
175:
169:
163:
157:
150:
144:
138:
132:
125:
119:
113:
107:
6820:
6795:
6769:
6744:
6730:
6716:
6692:
6670:
6655:
6634:Merschbacher (2009), pp. 78â86.
6590:
6563:
6550:
6534:
6519:
6504:
6490:
6476:
6464:
6400:
6388:
6372:
6369:Vol. 3, Bayreuth, 1782, p. 115.
6357:
6348:
6323:
6308:
6294:
6269:
6257:
6236:
6221:
6206:
6197:
6162:
5929:
5920:
5904:
5888:
5863:
5846:
5830:
5813:
5789:
5780:
5768:
5740:
5696:
5671:
5658:
5633:
5608:
5595:
5586:
5577:
5568:
5559:
5550:
5239:): also called Open Schafkopf (
5181:("Short Sharp Ones"), a pun on
4729:). The player who last had the
2673:
2627:must be claimed by the winner.
2240:
7013:The Penguin Book of Card Games
6952:Junker-Latocha, Brian (2023).
6487:, 2 January 1880, No. 2, p. 2.
6447:"Geschichte - Schafkopfschule"
6137:
6121:
6112:
6021:
6005:
5991:
5935:In German, short Schafkopf is
5721:) whereby the player with the
5574:"The Noble Game of Schafkopf."
4868:) a coin or other object, the
4843:the game value doubles but no
4727:Der Alte gibt die letzte Runde
4367:
1977:
1243:1: Forehand, opens the bidding
1061:
915:Suits of the Bavarian pattern
911:
567:
486:
386:, and in north Germany in the
326:variants, for example, in the
274:. It is still very popular in
1:
7030:, 2nd edn. Weilheim: Stöppel.
6484:Bamberger neueste Nachrichten
5970:
5406:
5192:Short Schafkopf is played in
4902:Scoring in 'impure' Schafkopf
4749:
4720:
3644:
3259:that the declarer's team is:
3193:Special partnership contracts
2577:
2259:as part of the contract e.g.
2251:A player intending to make a
1241:Bidding sequence: 1, 2, 3, 4.
1104:
563:
16:German trick-taking card game
6789:DAS RĂTSELRATEN HAT EIN ENDE
6753:"Schafkopf von Andreas Föhr"
6558:MĂŒnchner neueste Nachrichten
6528:MĂŒnchner neueste Nachrichten
6513:MĂŒnchner neueste Nachrichten
6266:(1862), Volumes 1-2, p. 298.
6159:Paderborn 1861, pp. 135/136.
5727:O declares a contract and a
5257:Two-Player Wendish Schafkopf
5108:
5092:
5048:
5038:
4988:
4922:
4826:) and need 61 points to win.
4581:before any cards are dealt.
4352:and aceâten ranking is used.
4083:
4078:
4069:
3921:
3872:
3799:
3782:
3774:
3489:
3396:
3365:
3356:
3263:the team that said the last
3231:
3178:
3166:
3159:
3142:
3130:
3123:
3116:
3109:
3102:
3090:
3083:
3076:
3069:
3062:
3055:
3048:
3030:
3018:
2961:
2947:
2933:
2919:
2905:
2891:
2877:
2866:
2846:
2824:
2815:
2801:
2787:
2771:
2749:
2740:
2541:
2519:
2503:
2487:
2465:
2443:
2419:
2404:with 30 points (see table).
2144:
2101:
2010:
1993:
1823:
1730:
1699:
1690:
1616:and - unless someone bids a
1508:
1465:
1374:
1364:
1349:
972:
958:
945:
932:
919:
768:without possessing a single
472:) of barrels (Upper German:
414:
351:Bayerischer Schafkopf-Verein
7:
8483:Tarot and Tarock card games
8474:Non trick-taking card games
6995:Merschbacher, Adam (2009).
5827:, but that is now uncommon.
5798:: pronounced "Vents". Also
5733:
5431:
5277:
5121:
4477:
4385:
3268:
3197:
2690:
2308:
1972:U. The Obers rank in their
1147:), "nothings" or "nixers" (
735:was worth 5 pfennigs and a
10:
8553:
7078:Wiesegger, Johann (2021).
7058:"Das edle Schafkopf-Spiel"
7033:Rodenburg, Julius (1862).
7026:Peschel, Wolfgang (1990).
6578:Schaffer (1956), pp. 5â24.
6543:FĂŒrstenfeldbrucker Zeitung
6406:Karl v. Reinhardstöttner:
6036:. Retrieved 8 August 2021.
5415:
5326:
5308:
5292:
5281:
5247:) or Officers' Schafkopf (
5135:Where Schafkopf is played
4971:
4967:
4852:
4647:
4427:
3275:
3264:
2630:
2570:system. For example, in a
2364:
1934:the one who bid first wins
1232:
1108:
836:Schafkopfschule e. V.
655:
409:
402:and players may be called
297:Its closest relatives are
8449:
8413:
8330:
8054:
7973:
7711:
7584:
7181:
7127:- Schafkopfen (in German)
7073:OberpfÀlzisches Zeitblatt
7056:Schwarzmann, L. (1876).
6689:Wiesegger (2021), p. 419.
6556:"GĂŒck im Kartenspiel" in
6203:Rodenberg (1862), p. 298.
5717:
5703:
5304:
5101:
5098:
5065:
5034:
5031:
5017:
5011:
5005:
4994:
4975:
4959:
4923:
4421:
4374:
4079:
4061:
3876:
3873:
3803:
3397:
3369:
3341:Special soloist contracts
3179:
3143:
3091:
3086:Bettel Brett, Ramsch Tout
3042:
3031:
2989:(e.g. 10 cents) into the
2847:
2816:
2772:
2755:
2741:
2678:
2437:
2432:
2425:
2420:
2105:
2102:
2014:
1731:
1703:
1667:If the called player has
1469:
1466:
1378:
1291:
1285:
1093:, but nowadays as lords (
914:
582:Emergence and development
229:
224:
216:
206:
198:
97:
89:
81:
73:
65:
55:
45:
31:
24:
7555:Twenty-five (Spoil Five)
7042:Schaffer, Georg (1956).
6741:, dated 7 February 2009.
6501:, 5 November 1881, p. 2.
6170:Freiberger Bier-Comment,
5543:
5460:Schafkopf family members
5422:Guinness Book of Records
5152: transition regions
4982:
4954:
4949:
4941:
4933:
4928:
4914:) or payment unit for a
4577:U and must announce the
4414:games. In the case of a
3348:
2765:
2760:
2750:
2369:After play is over, the
1924:and is only outbid by a
1356:
1135:, hence the name of the
1017:
888:
696:Das edle Schafkopf-Spiel
8507:18th-century card games
7170:Trick-taking card games
7119:(in English and German)
7113:The School of Schafkopf
6875:Dillig, Stefan (2020).
6860:Danyliuk, Rita (2013).
6837:Altenburger Spielfabrik
6778:Retrieved 22 April 2014
6531:. 6 January 1888. p. 5.
6516:. 1 January 1888. p. 4.
6363:Karl Ferdinand Hommel:
6233:Nördlingen 1867, p. 83.
6183:Schafkopf history from
6173:Freiberg, 1862, p. 101.
6118:Mensing (1933), p. 279.
5999:Schafkopf Tarock Karten
5243:), Farmer's Schafkopf (
4362:Special games or rounds
3284:
2434:Defending team's result
2427:Declaring team's result
2334:
2229:â strictly speaking, a
1985:
1928:. If two players bid a
1682:
1245:2: Middlehand, bids 2nd
1186:
1022:German packs have four
903:Franconian pattern pack
503:(which had reached the
398:. To play Schafkopf is
313:, with influences from
194:Side suit: A 10 K 9 8 7
8532:German deck card games
8522:Four-player card games
7051:Bayerisches Wörterbuch
6986:Mensing, Otto (1933).
6967:Jups. Mangold (1884).
6738:Frankenpost (Kronach),
6703:www.schafkopfrennen.de
6587:Lembke (1974), p. 217.
6547:25 October 1929. p. 2.
6451:www.schafkopfschule.de
6354:Hartmann (1780), p.24.
6320:Leipzig, 1845, p. 164.
5939:and long Schafkopf is
5917:, ("the Hobbled One").
5653:ich wĂŒrde auch spielen
5262:Three-hand Schafkopf (
5200:, as well as parts of
5154:
5146: with short cards
2980:
1669:at least 3 other cards
1647:combine their points.
1250:
1203:and then has the pack
1010:
1000:
990:
980:
803:in which the declarer
772:. A few days later in
748:Lichtenfelser Tagblatt
691:
688:Das Schafkopf-BĂŒchlein
424:
264:trick-taking card game
262:, is a popular German
77:Tactics & Strategy
8465:Historical card games
8062:(except where stated)
7189:(except where stated)
7008:, Amberg (Oberpfalz).
6927:Hammer, Paul (1811).
6890:Gregor, Otto (1933).
6848:1x1 der Kartenspiele.
6667:and referenced there.
6569:Gregor (1933), p. 13.
6510:_ (1888). " " in the
5959:. Sharp Schafkopf is
5951:and the long pack is
5336:Schafkopf tournaments
5269:Five-hand Schafkopf (
5241:Aufgelegter Schafkopf
5140: with long cards
5134:
5063:other solo contracts
4910:is the basic tariff (
4872:, on the table. Each
4539:Related to four-card
3321:player is 'blocked' (
3039:all tricks are taken)
2949:lost by soloist with
2376:There is a bonus for
1366:The normal contract:
1240:
1008:
998:
988:
978:
686:
625:The Thankful Daughter
422:
7044:Schafkopf und Tarock
6936:Die Dankbare Tochter
6899:Doppelkopf Schafkopf
6598:"Franconian pattern"
6302:Spielkarten Historie
5943:; the short pack is
5777:, lit. "Called Sow".
5683:ich hÀtte einen Solo
5454:Tournament Schafkopf
5426:Bayerischer Rundfunk
5373:version of the song
5364:Literature and media
5346:Schafkopf in culture
5329:Tournament Schafkopf
5323:Tournament Schafkopf
4585:Other special rounds
2935:won by soloist with
2744:Partnership contract
629:Die Dankbare Tochter
8527:Bavarian card games
8219:Officers' Schafkopf
6973:. WĂŒrzburg: Stahel.
6864:Hanover: Humboldt.
5498:Officers' Schafkopf
5384:The crime thriller
4853:Doubling variations
4851:bonus is paid. See
255:[ËÊaËfkÉpf]
21:
8415:Swiss German packs
8099:Bohemian Schneider
8046:WĂŒrttemberg Tarock
7097:Bavarian Schafkopf
6983:. Cologne: Lingen.
6829:Karten-Spiel-Tarif
6471:Karten-Spiel-Tarif
6191:2008-09-26 at the
6050:Wolfgang Peschel:
5961:Scharfer Schafkopf
5664:I'll play myself:
5443:Schafkopf language
5271:Schafkopf zu fĂŒnft
5264:Schafkopf zu dritt
5249:Offiziersschafkopf
5237:Schafkopf zu zweit
5233:Two-hand Schafkopf
5155:
4793:Escalation: after
3013:Optional contracts
1624:â will become the
1251:
1167:Standard or pure (
1163:Standard Schafkopf
1111:Schafkopf language
1011:
1001:
991:
981:
819:in 1956. In 1974,
692:
547:or related games.
478:SchÀffler/Scheffel
425:
382:or, historically,
375:[ËÊafkÉpf]
363:unreiner Schafkopf
260:Bavarian Schafkopf
237: •
233: •
19:
8517:German inventions
8494:
8493:
8307:Wendish Schafkopf
8254:Russian Schnapsen
8063:
7979:
7718:
7591:
7190:
7021:978-0-141-03787-5
6962:978-3-384-02767-2
6856:978-3-86910-367-9
6833:WĂŒrzburg: Stahel.
6335:www.erfweiler2.de
5871:folk etymological
5757:("normal game"),
5666:ich spiele selbst
5647:; I'll play too:
5533:Wendish Schafkopf
5357:Schafkopf-Sprache
5214:Main Tauber Kreis
5119:
5118:
4980:
4658:is when, after a
4294:
4293:
4012:
4011:
3580:
3579:
3186:
3185:
3145:Partnership games
3040:
2978:
2977:
2819:Soloist contracts
2564:
2563:
2554:all tricks taken
2451:all tricks taken
2407:An exception are
2223:
2222:
1914:
1913:
1587:
1586:
1015:
1014:
969:
956:
943:
930:
505:Holy Roman Empire
458:Deutsches Magazin
244:
243:
8544:
8487:
8481:
8478:
8472:
8469:
8463:
8457:
8456:
8143:German Schafkopf
8059:
7977:
7716:
7589:
7428:Norseman's knock
7186:
7163:
7156:
7149:
7140:
7139:
7011:Parlett, David.
7002:"Obsis" (1895).
6912:Grupp, Claus D.
6897:Grupp, Claus D.
6846:Danyliuk, Rita.
6814:
6813:
6811:
6810:
6799:
6793:
6785:
6779:
6773:
6767:
6766:
6764:
6763:
6748:
6742:
6734:
6728:
6720:
6714:
6713:
6711:
6709:
6696:
6690:
6687:
6681:
6676:Claus D. Grupp:
6674:
6668:
6659:
6653:
6644:
6635:
6632:
6613:
6612:
6610:
6608:
6594:
6588:
6585:
6579:
6576:
6570:
6567:
6561:
6554:
6548:
6538:
6532:
6523:
6517:
6508:
6502:
6494:
6488:
6480:
6474:
6468:
6462:
6461:
6459:
6457:
6443:
6434:
6431:
6422:
6419:
6413:
6404:
6398:
6392:
6386:
6379:"Zur Erinnerung"
6376:
6370:
6361:
6355:
6352:
6346:
6345:
6343:
6341:
6327:
6321:
6312:
6306:
6298:
6292:
6291:
6289:
6287:
6273:
6267:
6261:
6255:
6254:
6252:
6250:
6240:
6234:
6225:
6219:
6210:
6204:
6201:
6195:
6180:
6174:
6166:
6160:
6141:
6135:
6125:
6119:
6116:
6110:
6100:
6063:
6048:
6037:
6025:
6019:
6009:
6003:
5995:
5989:
5981:
5964:
5941:Langer Schafkopf
5937:Kurzer Schafkopf
5933:
5927:
5924:
5918:
5908:
5902:
5892:
5886:
5867:
5861:
5850:
5844:
5834:
5828:
5817:
5811:
5793:
5787:
5784:
5778:
5772:
5766:
5761:("Sow game") or
5744:
5738:
5726:
5700:
5694:
5691:aber keinen Wenz
5675:
5669:
5662:
5656:
5637:
5631:
5612:
5606:
5599:
5593:
5590:
5584:
5581:
5575:
5572:
5566:
5563:
5557:
5554:
5448:German Schafkopf
5420:Until 2006, the
5202:Middle Franconia
5198:Upper Palatinate
5159:Upper Palatinate
5151:
5145:
5139:
4964:
4921:
4824:Kontra ĂŒbernimmt
4778:Alternatives to
4758:Alternatives to
4745:Other variations
4734:
4576:
4570:
4564:
4558:
4511:
4505:
4288:
4282:
4276:
4270:
4263:
4257:
4251:
4245:
4236:
4230:
4224:
4218:
4211:
4205:
4199:
4193:
4184:
4178:
4172:
4166:
4159:
4153:
4147:
4141:
4132:
4126:
4120:
4114:
4107:
4101:
4095:
4089:
4068:
4007:
4001:
3995:
3989:
3983:
3977:
3971:
3963:
3957:
3951:
3945:
3939:
3933:
3927:
3917:
3911:
3905:
3899:
3893:
3887:
3881:
3868:
3862:
3856:
3850:
3844:
3838:
3832:
3826:
3820:
3814:
3808:
3781:
3763:Suit Eisenbahner
3750:: Also called a
3737:
3731:
3725:
3719:
3713:
3707:
3701:
3695:
3689:
3683:
3677:
3575:
3569:
3563:
3557:
3551:
3545:
3539:
3531:
3525:
3519:
3513:
3507:
3501:
3495:
3485:
3479:
3473:
3467:
3461:
3455:
3449:
3441:
3435:
3429:
3423:
3417:
3411:
3405:
3392:
3386:
3380:
3374:
3355:
3304:
3242:, also callea a
3036:
3017:
2921:lost by soloist
2893:lost by soloist
2868:lost by soloist
2739:
2685:"anti-clockwise"
2654:Tournament rules
2549:no tricks taken
2456:no tricks taken
2418:
2218:
2212:
2206:
2200:
2194:
2188:
2180:
2174:
2168:
2162:
2156:
2150:
2140:
2134:
2128:
2122:
2116:
2110:
2097:
2091:
2085:
2079:
2073:
2067:
2061:
2055:
2049:
2043:
2037:
2031:
2025:
2019:
1992:
1971:
1965:
1959:
1953:
1944:, also known as
1909:
1903:
1897:
1891:
1885:
1879:
1873:
1865:
1859:
1853:
1847:
1841:
1835:
1829:
1819:
1813:
1807:
1801:
1795:
1789:
1783:
1775:
1769:
1763:
1757:
1751:
1745:
1739:
1726:
1720:
1714:
1708:
1689:
1645:
1639:
1633:
1597:are the highest
1582:
1576:
1570:
1564:
1558:
1552:
1544:
1538:
1532:
1526:
1520:
1514:
1504:
1498:
1492:
1486:
1480:
1474:
1461:
1455:
1449:
1443:
1437:
1431:
1425:
1419:
1413:
1407:
1401:
1395:
1389:
1383:
1363:
1317:" or "but not a
959:
946:
933:
920:
912:
842:Overview and aim
723:Schafkopf was a
618:German Schafkopf
597:German Schafkopf
569:
565:
558:game resembling
521:German Schafkopf
377:
372:
272:German Schafkopf
257:
252:
235:German Schafkopf
191:
185:
179:
173:
167:
161:
154:
148:
142:
136:
129:
123:
117:
111:
36:
22:
18:
8552:
8551:
8547:
8546:
8545:
8543:
8542:
8541:
8512:Schafkopf group
8497:
8496:
8495:
8490:
8485:
8479:
8476:
8470:
8467:
8461:
8445:
8409:
8326:
8126:Dreierschnapsen
8104:Bohemian Watten
8076:Bauernschnapsen
8061:
8058:
8050:
7991:Bavarian Tarock
7969:
7820:Klaberjass/Bela
7715:
7707:
7588:
7580:
7380:Knock-out whist
7188:
7185:
7177:
7167:
7092:
6999:. Munich: Pliz.
6823:
6818:
6817:
6808:
6806:
6801:
6800:
6796:
6786:
6782:
6774:
6770:
6761:
6759:
6751:Föhr, Andreas.
6749:
6745:
6735:
6731:
6721:
6717:
6707:
6705:
6698:
6697:
6693:
6688:
6684:
6675:
6671:
6660:
6656:
6645:
6638:
6633:
6616:
6606:
6604:
6596:
6595:
6591:
6586:
6582:
6577:
6573:
6568:
6564:
6555:
6551:
6539:
6535:
6524:
6520:
6509:
6505:
6495:
6491:
6481:
6477:
6469:
6465:
6455:
6453:
6445:
6444:
6437:
6432:
6425:
6420:
6416:
6405:
6401:
6393:
6389:
6377:
6373:
6362:
6358:
6353:
6349:
6339:
6337:
6329:
6328:
6324:
6313:
6309:
6299:
6295:
6285:
6283:
6281:www.skatfox.com
6275:
6274:
6270:
6262:
6258:
6248:
6246:
6242:
6241:
6237:
6226:
6222:
6211:
6207:
6202:
6198:
6193:Wayback Machine
6181:
6177:
6167:
6163:
6142:
6138:
6126:
6122:
6117:
6113:
6101:
6066:
6049:
6040:
6026:
6022:
6010:
6006:
5996:
5992:
5982:
5978:
5973:
5968:
5967:
5934:
5930:
5925:
5921:
5913:. High German:
5909:
5905:
5893:
5889:
5868:
5864:
5851:
5847:
5835:
5831:
5819:In the past, a
5818:
5814:
5794:
5790:
5785:
5781:
5773:
5769:
5745:
5741:
5701:
5697:
5676:
5672:
5663:
5659:
5649:ich spiele auch
5638:
5634:
5613:
5609:
5600:
5596:
5591:
5587:
5582:
5578:
5573:
5569:
5564:
5560:
5555:
5551:
5546:
5434:
5418:
5409:
5400:Marlene Morreis
5366:
5348:
5340:Schafkopfrennen
5331:
5325:
5313:
5307:
5286:
5280:
5245:Bauernschafkopf
5226:
5194:Upper Franconia
5171:ASS Altenburger
5163:Upper Franconia
5153:
5149:
5147:
5143:
5141:
5137:
5129:
5127:Short Schafkopf
5124:
5070:
5062:
5022:
4999:
4963:
4904:
4752:
4747:
4723:
4712:Bavarian Swabia
4674:, Unterfranken)
4612:Drei-Kombi-Muss
4587:
4482:
4470:A variation is
4432:
4426:
4400:
4398:games or rounds
4364:
4344:): played as a
4066:
3779:
3768:Farbeisenbahner
3650:
3353:
3343:
3289:
3236:
3202:
3195:
3079:Suit Geier Tout
3038:
3037:(those in which
3035:
3015:
2983:
2907:won by soloist
2879:won by soloist
2857:won by soloist
2734:
2693:
2681:
2676:
2656:
2633:
2609:
2580:
2367:
2337:
2311:
2265:Acorn Solo Tout
2249:
1990:
1687:
1361:
1352:
1248:
1246:
1244:
1242:
1235:
1189:
1165:
1151:) or "blanks" (
1113:
1107:
1064:
1020:
963:
950:
937:
924:
907:Short Schafkopf
891:
844:
725:penny ante game
715:, published in
666:Bavarian Forest
584:
566:Q, trump 7 and
545:Bavarian Tarock
489:
468:) on the lids (
417:
412:
370:
355:Schafkopfschule
332:Alte Schoofkopp
250:
211:
193:
156:
131:
106:
98:Rank (highâlow)
41:
17:
12:
11:
5:
8550:
8540:
8539:
8534:
8529:
8524:
8519:
8514:
8509:
8492:
8491:
8489:
8488:
8450:
8447:
8446:
8444:
8443:
8438:
8419:
8417:
8411:
8410:
8408:
8407:
8402:
8397:
8392:
8387:
8382:
8377:
8372:
8367:
8362:
8357:
8352:
8347:
8341:
8339:
8328:
8327:
8325:
8324:
8319:
8314:
8309:
8304:
8299:
8294:
8289:
8284:
8278:
8273:
8268:
8262:
8257:
8251:
8246:
8241:
8236:
8231:
8226:
8221:
8216:
8211:
8206:
8201:
8196:
8191:
8185:
8180:
8175:
8170:
8165:
8160:
8155:
8150:
8145:
8140:
8134:
8129:
8123:
8117:
8111:
8106:
8101:
8096:
8091:
8085:
8079:
8073:
8066:
8064:
8052:
8051:
8049:
8048:
8043:
8037:
8031:
8026:
8020:
8014:
8009:
8004:
7999:
7993:
7988:
7982:
7980:
7971:
7970:
7968:
7967:
7962:
7957:
7952:
7947:
7942:
7937:
7935:Tausendundeins
7932:
7927:
7922:
7917:
7912:
7907:
7902:
7897:
7892:
7887:
7882:
7877:
7872:
7867:
7862:
7860:Officers' Skat
7857:
7852:
7847:
7842:
7837:
7832:
7827:
7822:
7817:
7812:
7807:
7802:
7797:
7792:
7787:
7782:
7777:
7772:
7767:
7762:
7757:
7752:
7747:
7745:Bauernheinrich
7742:
7737:
7732:
7727:
7721:
7719:
7709:
7708:
7706:
7705:
7700:
7695:
7690:
7685:
7680:
7675:
7670:
7665:
7660:
7655:
7650:
7645:
7640:
7635:
7630:
7625:
7620:
7615:
7610:
7605:
7600:
7594:
7592:
7582:
7581:
7579:
7578:
7572:
7567:
7562:
7557:
7552:
7547:
7541:
7536:
7530:
7524:
7519:
7514:
7509:
7503:
7497:
7492:
7487:
7482:
7477:
7472:
7467:
7462:
7456:
7451:
7446:
7440:
7435:
7430:
7425:
7420:
7415:
7410:
7405:
7399:
7394:
7388:
7382:
7377:
7372:
7367:
7362:
7357:
7352:
7347:
7342:
7337:
7332:
7327:
7322:
7316:
7311:
7305:
7300:
7298:Call-ace whist
7295:
7290:
7285:
7280:
7275:
7270:
7265:
7260:
7254:
7249:
7243:
7238:
7236:Auction bridge
7233:
7228:
7222:
7216:
7210:
7205:
7200:
7193:
7191:
7179:
7178:
7166:
7165:
7158:
7151:
7143:
7137:
7136:
7128:
7120:
7117:official rules
7110:
7104:
7091:
7090:External links
7088:
7087:
7086:
7076:
7069:
7054:
7047:
7040:
7031:
7024:
7009:
7000:
6993:
6984:
6977:Lembke, Robert
6974:
6965:
6950:
6947:Burgau aktuell
6943:
6938:. Leipzig and
6932:
6925:
6910:
6895:
6888:
6885:978-3000556647
6873:
6858:
6844:
6834:
6822:
6819:
6816:
6815:
6794:
6780:
6768:
6743:
6729:
6715:
6691:
6682:
6669:
6654:
6636:
6614:
6589:
6580:
6571:
6562:
6549:
6533:
6518:
6503:
6489:
6475:
6463:
6435:
6423:
6414:
6399:
6387:
6371:
6356:
6347:
6322:
6307:
6293:
6268:
6256:
6235:
6220:
6205:
6196:
6175:
6161:
6136:
6120:
6111:
6064:
6038:
6020:
6004:
5990:
5975:
5974:
5972:
5969:
5966:
5965:
5928:
5919:
5903:
5887:
5862:
5856:; there is no
5845:
5829:
5812:
5806:as opposed to
5788:
5779:
5767:
5739:
5695:
5670:
5657:
5632:
5607:
5594:
5585:
5576:
5567:
5558:
5548:
5547:
5545:
5542:
5541:
5540:
5535:
5530:
5525:
5520:
5515:
5510:
5505:
5500:
5495:
5490:
5485:
5480:
5475:
5470:
5464:
5463:
5461:
5457:
5456:
5451:
5445:
5439:
5438:
5433:
5430:
5417:
5414:
5408:
5405:
5404:
5403:
5389:
5382:
5365:
5362:
5347:
5344:
5327:Main article:
5324:
5321:
5309:Main article:
5306:
5303:
5282:Main article:
5279:
5276:
5275:
5274:
5267:
5260:
5253:Officers' Skat
5225:
5222:
5210:the Palatinate
5185:("sharp") and
5148:
5142:
5136:
5128:
5125:
5123:
5120:
5117:
5116:
5113:
5107:
5106:
5103:
5100:
5097:
5091:
5090:
5087:
5081:
5075:
5064:
5047:
5046:
5043:
5037:
5036:
5033:
5030:
5027:
5016:
5010:
5004:
4993:
4987:
4986:
4981:
4958:
4956:Multiplication
4953:
4948:
4940:
4932:
4927:
4903:
4900:
4899:
4898:
4885:
4856:
4827:
4816:
4813:
4810:
4791:
4776:
4751:
4748:
4746:
4743:
4722:
4719:
4716:
4715:
4696:
4695:
4676:
4675:
4651:
4627:
4600:AllgÀuer Runde
4586:
4583:
4498:Schieber-Runde
4494:Schieber Round
4481:
4476:
4428:Main article:
4425:
4420:
4399:
4393:
4363:
4360:
4356:
4355:
4353:
4329:
4303:In settling a
4292:
4291:
4239:
4187:
4135:
4082:
4081:
4077:
4076:
4065:
4060:
4010:
4009:
3965:
3920:
3919:
3875:
3871:
3870:
3802:
3798:
3797:
3778:
3773:
3772:
3771:
3759:
3649:
3643:
3642:
3641:
3629:
3614:
3609:. Ranks below
3578:
3577:
3533:
3488:
3487:
3443:
3399:
3395:
3394:
3368:
3364:
3363:
3352:
3347:
3342:
3339:
3288:
3283:
3282:
3281:
3278:
3272:
3235:
3230:
3221:Doppelhochzeit
3215:Bauernhochzeit
3201:
3196:
3194:
3191:
3184:
3183:
3177:
3176:
3165:
3164:
3158:
3157:
3147:
3141:
3140:
3133:Negative games
3129:
3128:
3122:
3121:
3115:
3114:
3108:
3107:
3101:
3100:
3095:
3089:
3088:
3082:
3081:
3075:
3074:
3072:Suit Wenz Tout
3068:
3067:
3061:
3060:
3054:
3053:
3047:
3046:
3041:
3029:
3028:
3023:
3014:
3011:
2982:
2979:
2976:
2975:
2972:
2969:
2968:immediate win
2966:
2960:
2959:
2956:
2953:
2946:
2945:
2942:
2939:
2932:
2931:
2928:
2925:
2918:
2917:
2914:
2911:
2904:
2903:
2900:
2897:
2890:
2889:
2886:
2883:
2876:
2875:
2872:
2869:
2865:
2864:
2861:
2858:
2855:
2845:
2844:
2839:
2834:
2829:
2823:
2822:
2814:
2813:
2810:
2807:
2800:
2799:
2796:
2793:
2786:
2785:
2782:
2779:
2776:
2770:
2769:
2764:
2759:
2754:
2748:
2747:
2733:
2730:
2692:
2689:
2680:
2677:
2675:
2672:
2655:
2652:
2642:Annika wins a
2632:
2629:
2608:
2599:
2598:
2597:
2596:Solo: 5 units
2594:
2593:Wenz: 5 units
2591:
2579:
2576:
2562:
2561:
2555:
2552:
2550:
2547:
2540:
2539:
2533:
2532:90â120 points
2530:
2528:
2525:
2518:
2517:
2514:
2511:
2509:
2506:
2502:
2501:
2498:
2495:
2493:
2490:
2486:
2485:
2479:
2476:
2474:
2473:91â120 points
2471:
2464:
2463:
2457:
2454:
2452:
2449:
2442:
2441:
2439:Defending team
2436:
2431:
2429:
2424:
2422:Declaring team
2394:Schneider frei
2366:
2363:
2336:
2333:
2310:
2307:
2248:
2239:
2221:
2220:
2182:
2143:
2142:
2104:
2100:
2099:
2013:
2009:
2008:
1989:
1984:
1912:
1911:
1867:
1822:
1821:
1777:
1733:
1729:
1728:
1702:
1698:
1697:
1686:
1681:
1680:
1679:
1676:
1665:
1662:
1657:It may not be
1655:
1585:
1584:
1546:
1507:
1506:
1468:
1464:
1463:
1377:
1373:
1372:
1360:
1355:
1351:
1348:
1234:
1231:
1188:
1185:
1164:
1161:
1109:Main article:
1106:
1103:
1080:10, 9, 8 and 7
1063:
1060:
1019:
1016:
1013:
1012:
1002:
992:
982:
971:
970:
957:
944:
931:
917:
916:
890:
887:
843:
840:
676:game, not the
649:game of chance
583:
580:
488:
485:
416:
413:
411:
408:
268:aceâten family
242:
241:
227:
226:
222:
221:
218:
214:
213:
208:
204:
203:
200:
196:
195:
99:
95:
94:
91:
87:
86:
83:
79:
78:
75:
71:
70:
67:
63:
62:
57:
53:
52:
47:
43:
42:
37:
29:
28:
15:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
8549:
8538:
8535:
8533:
8530:
8528:
8525:
8523:
8520:
8518:
8515:
8513:
8510:
8508:
8505:
8504:
8502:
8484:
8475:
8466:
8460:
8452:
8451:
8448:
8442:
8439:
8436:
8435:Hindersi-Jass
8432:
8428:
8424:
8421:
8420:
8418:
8416:
8412:
8406:
8403:
8401:
8398:
8396:
8393:
8391:
8388:
8386:
8383:
8381:
8378:
8376:
8373:
8371:
8368:
8366:
8363:
8361:
8358:
8356:
8353:
8351:
8348:
8346:
8343:
8342:
8340:
8337:
8333:
8329:
8323:
8320:
8318:
8317:Unteransetzen
8315:
8313:
8310:
8308:
8305:
8303:
8300:
8298:
8295:
8293:
8290:
8288:
8285:
8282:
8279:
8277:
8274:
8272:
8269:
8266:
8263:
8261:
8258:
8255:
8252:
8250:
8247:
8245:
8244:Rosbiratschka
8242:
8240:
8237:
8235:
8232:
8230:
8227:
8225:
8222:
8220:
8217:
8215:
8212:
8210:
8207:
8205:
8202:
8200:
8197:
8195:
8194:Lusti-Kartl'n
8192:
8189:
8186:
8184:
8181:
8179:
8176:
8174:
8171:
8169:
8166:
8164:
8161:
8159:
8156:
8154:
8151:
8149:
8146:
8144:
8141:
8138:
8135:
8133:
8130:
8127:
8124:
8121:
8118:
8115:
8112:
8110:
8107:
8105:
8102:
8100:
8097:
8095:
8092:
8089:
8086:
8083:
8080:
8077:
8074:
8071:
8068:
8067:
8065:
8057:
8053:
8047:
8044:
8041:
8038:
8035:
8032:
8030:
8027:
8024:
8021:
8018:
8015:
8013:
8010:
8008:
8005:
8003:
8000:
7997:
7994:
7992:
7989:
7987:
7984:
7983:
7981:
7976:
7972:
7966:
7963:
7961:
7958:
7956:
7953:
7951:
7948:
7946:
7943:
7941:
7938:
7936:
7933:
7931:
7928:
7926:
7925:Slobberhannes
7923:
7921:
7918:
7916:
7913:
7911:
7908:
7906:
7903:
7901:
7898:
7896:
7893:
7891:
7888:
7886:
7883:
7881:
7878:
7876:
7873:
7871:
7868:
7866:
7863:
7861:
7858:
7856:
7853:
7851:
7848:
7846:
7843:
7841:
7840:Letzter Stich
7838:
7836:
7833:
7831:
7828:
7826:
7823:
7821:
7818:
7816:
7813:
7811:
7808:
7806:
7803:
7801:
7798:
7796:
7793:
7791:
7788:
7786:
7783:
7781:
7778:
7776:
7773:
7771:
7768:
7766:
7763:
7761:
7758:
7756:
7753:
7751:
7748:
7746:
7743:
7741:
7738:
7736:
7733:
7731:
7728:
7726:
7723:
7722:
7720:
7714:
7710:
7704:
7701:
7699:
7696:
7694:
7691:
7689:
7686:
7684:
7681:
7679:
7676:
7674:
7671:
7669:
7666:
7664:
7661:
7659:
7656:
7654:
7651:
7649:
7646:
7644:
7641:
7639:
7636:
7634:
7633:Catch the ten
7631:
7629:
7626:
7624:
7621:
7619:
7616:
7614:
7611:
7609:
7606:
7604:
7601:
7599:
7596:
7595:
7593:
7587:
7583:
7576:
7573:
7571:
7568:
7566:
7563:
7561:
7558:
7556:
7553:
7551:
7548:
7545:
7542:
7540:
7537:
7534:
7531:
7528:
7525:
7523:
7520:
7518:
7515:
7513:
7510:
7507:
7504:
7502:(Danish) (20)
7501:
7498:
7496:
7493:
7491:
7488:
7486:
7483:
7481:
7478:
7476:
7473:
7471:
7468:
7466:
7463:
7460:
7457:
7455:
7452:
7450:
7447:
7444:
7441:
7439:
7436:
7434:
7431:
7429:
7426:
7424:
7421:
7419:
7416:
7414:
7411:
7409:
7406:
7403:
7400:
7398:
7395:
7392:
7389:
7386:
7385:Konter a Matt
7383:
7381:
7378:
7376:
7373:
7371:
7368:
7366:
7363:
7361:
7358:
7356:
7353:
7351:
7348:
7346:
7343:
7341:
7338:
7336:
7333:
7331:
7328:
7326:
7323:
7320:
7317:
7315:
7312:
7309:
7306:
7304:
7301:
7299:
7296:
7294:
7291:
7289:
7286:
7284:
7281:
7279:
7276:
7274:
7271:
7269:
7266:
7264:
7261:
7258:
7255:
7253:
7250:
7247:
7244:
7242:
7239:
7237:
7234:
7232:
7229:
7226:
7223:
7220:
7217:
7214:
7211:
7209:
7206:
7204:
7201:
7198:
7195:
7194:
7192:
7184:
7180:
7175:
7171:
7164:
7159:
7157:
7152:
7150:
7145:
7144:
7141:
7134:
7133:
7129:
7126:
7125:
7121:
7118:
7114:
7111:
7108:
7105:
7103:
7099:
7098:
7094:
7093:
7084:
7082:
7077:
7074:
7070:
7067:
7063:
7059:
7055:
7052:
7048:
7045:
7041:
7038:
7037:
7032:
7029:
7025:
7022:
7018:
7014:
7010:
7007:
7006:
7001:
6998:
6994:
6991:
6990:
6985:
6982:
6978:
6975:
6972:
6971:
6966:
6963:
6959:
6955:
6951:
6948:
6944:
6941:
6937:
6933:
6930:
6926:
6923:
6922:3-8068-2001-5
6919:
6915:
6914:Karten-spiele
6911:
6908:
6907:3 8068 2015 5
6904:
6900:
6896:
6893:
6889:
6886:
6882:
6878:
6874:
6871:
6870:3-89-994194-2
6867:
6863:
6859:
6857:
6853:
6849:
6845:
6842:
6838:
6835:
6832:
6830:
6825:
6824:
6804:
6798:
6791:
6790:
6784:
6777:
6772:
6758:
6757:Droemer Knaur
6754:
6747:
6740:
6739:
6733:
6726:
6725:
6719:
6704:
6701:
6695:
6686:
6679:
6673:
6666:
6664:
6658:
6651:
6649:
6643:
6641:
6631:
6629:
6627:
6625:
6623:
6621:
6619:
6603:
6599:
6593:
6584:
6575:
6566:
6559:
6553:
6546:
6544:
6537:
6530:
6529:
6522:
6515:
6514:
6507:
6500:
6499:
6493:
6486:
6485:
6479:
6473:(1876), p. 1.
6472:
6467:
6452:
6448:
6442:
6440:
6430:
6428:
6418:
6411:
6410:
6403:
6396:
6391:
6384:
6380:
6375:
6368:
6367:
6360:
6351:
6336:
6332:
6326:
6319:
6318:
6314:G. Hesekiel:
6311:
6304:
6303:
6297:
6282:
6278:
6272:
6265:
6260:
6245:
6239:
6232:
6231:
6224:
6217:
6216:
6209:
6200:
6194:
6190:
6187:
6186:
6179:
6172:
6171:
6165:
6158:
6157:
6152:
6151:
6145:
6140:
6134:
6133:0-19-869173-4
6130:
6124:
6115:
6108:
6106:
6099:
6097:
6095:
6093:
6091:
6089:
6087:
6085:
6083:
6081:
6079:
6077:
6075:
6073:
6071:
6069:
6061:
6060:3-924012-31-8
6057:
6053:
6047:
6045:
6043:
6035:
6031:
6030:
6024:
6018:
6017:1-4437-2151-4
6014:
6008:
6001:
6000:
5994:
5987:
5986:
5980:
5976:
5962:
5958:
5954:
5950:
5946:
5942:
5938:
5932:
5923:
5916:
5912:
5907:
5900:
5896:
5891:
5884:
5880:
5876:
5873:analogy with
5872:
5866:
5859:
5855:
5849:
5842:
5838:
5833:
5826:
5822:
5816:
5809:
5805:
5801:
5797:
5792:
5783:
5776:
5771:
5764:
5760:
5756:
5752:
5748:
5743:
5736:
5735:
5730:
5725:
5720:
5719:
5714:
5710:
5707:
5706:
5699:
5692:
5688:
5684:
5680:
5674:
5667:
5661:
5654:
5650:
5646:
5642:
5636:
5629:
5626:; I'll play:
5625:
5621:
5617:
5611:
5604:
5598:
5589:
5580:
5571:
5562:
5553:
5549:
5539:
5536:
5534:
5531:
5529:
5526:
5524:
5521:
5519:
5516:
5514:
5511:
5509:
5508:Schieberamsch
5506:
5504:
5501:
5499:
5496:
5494:
5491:
5489:
5486:
5484:
5481:
5479:
5476:
5474:
5471:
5469:
5466:
5465:
5462:
5459:
5458:
5455:
5452:
5449:
5446:
5444:
5441:
5440:
5436:
5435:
5429:
5427:
5423:
5413:
5401:
5397:
5393:
5390:
5387:
5383:
5380:
5376:
5372:
5368:
5367:
5361:
5359:
5358:
5352:
5343:
5341:
5337:
5330:
5320:
5317:
5312:
5302:
5300:
5296:
5295:
5290:
5285:
5272:
5268:
5265:
5261:
5258:
5254:
5250:
5246:
5242:
5238:
5234:
5231:
5230:
5229:
5221:
5217:
5215:
5211:
5207:
5206:Lower Bavaria
5203:
5199:
5195:
5190:
5188:
5184:
5180:
5179:Kurze Scharfe
5176:
5172:
5168:
5164:
5160:
5133:
5114:
5112:
5109:
5104:
5096:
5093:
5088:
5086:
5082:
5080:
5076:
5074:
5069:
5060:
5056:
5052:
5049:
5044:
5042:
5039:
5028:
5026:
5021:
5015:
5009:
5003:
4998:
4992:
4989:
4985:
4978:
4977:
4973:
4969:
4962:
4957:
4952:
4947:
4946:
4939:
4938:
4931:
4926:
4919:
4917:
4913:
4909:
4896:
4892:
4891:
4886:
4883:
4882:durcheinander
4879:
4875:
4871:
4867:
4863:
4862:
4857:
4854:
4850:
4846:
4842:
4838:
4837:
4832:
4828:
4825:
4821:
4817:
4814:
4811:
4808:
4804:
4800:
4796:
4792:
4789:
4785:
4781:
4777:
4775:
4771:
4767:
4766:
4761:
4757:
4756:
4755:
4742:
4740:
4738:
4733:
4728:
4718:
4713:
4709:
4705:
4704:
4700:
4699:
4698:
4693:
4692:Solo hinterum
4689:
4688:Solo hinterum
4685:
4684:
4680:
4679:
4678:
4673:
4669:
4665:
4661:
4657:
4656:
4652:
4649:
4645:
4641:
4637:
4633:
4632:
4628:
4625:
4621:
4617:
4613:
4609:
4605:
4601:
4597:
4596:
4592:
4591:
4590:
4582:
4580:
4575:
4569:
4563:
4557:
4552:
4548:
4547:
4546:Devil's Round
4542:
4537:
4535:
4531:
4527:
4523:
4519:
4515:
4510:
4504:
4499:
4495:
4491:
4487:
4480:
4475:
4473:
4472:Schieberamsch
4468:
4466:
4462:
4458:
4454:
4450:
4446:
4442:
4438:
4437:
4431:
4424:
4419:
4417:
4413:
4409:
4404:
4397:
4392:
4390:
4388:
4383:
4381:
4377:
4372:
4370:
4359:
4354:
4351:
4347:
4343:
4339:
4335:
4334:
4330:
4327:
4323:
4319:
4315:
4314:
4310:
4309:
4308:
4306:
4301:
4300:
4290:
4287:
4281:
4275:
4269:
4262:
4256:
4250:
4244:
4240:
4238:
4235:
4229:
4223:
4217:
4210:
4204:
4198:
4192:
4188:
4186:
4183:
4177:
4171:
4165:
4158:
4152:
4146:
4140:
4136:
4134:
4131:
4125:
4119:
4113:
4106:
4100:
4094:
4088:
4084:
4075:
4074:
4064:
4059:
4057:
4053:
4049:
4045:
4041:
4037:
4033:
4029:
4025:
4021:
4017:
4006:
4000:
3994:
3988:
3982:
3976:
3970:
3966:
3962:
3956:
3950:
3944:
3938:
3932:
3926:
3922:
3916:
3910:
3904:
3898:
3892:
3886:
3880:
3867:
3861:
3855:
3849:
3843:
3837:
3831:
3825:
3819:
3813:
3807:
3800:
3795:
3791:
3790:
3786:
3777:
3769:
3765:
3764:
3760:
3757:
3753:
3749:
3748:
3744:
3743:
3742:
3739:
3736:
3730:
3724:
3718:
3712:
3706:
3700:
3694:
3688:
3682:
3676:
3671:
3667:
3663:
3659:
3655:
3648:
3639:
3635:
3634:
3630:
3628:
3624:
3620:
3619:
3615:
3612:
3608:
3604:
3600:
3599:
3595:
3594:
3593:
3590:
3588:
3584:
3574:
3568:
3562:
3556:
3550:
3544:
3538:
3534:
3530:
3524:
3518:
3512:
3506:
3500:
3494:
3490:
3484:
3478:
3472:
3466:
3460:
3454:
3448:
3444:
3440:
3434:
3428:
3422:
3416:
3410:
3404:
3400:
3391:
3385:
3379:
3373:
3366:
3362:
3361:
3351:
3346:
3338:
3336:
3332:
3328:
3324:
3320:
3316:
3312:
3308:
3303:
3298:
3294:
3287:
3279:
3277:
3273:
3270:
3266:
3262:
3261:
3260:
3257:
3253:
3249:
3245:
3241:
3234:
3229:
3225:
3223:
3222:
3217:
3216:
3211:
3207:
3200:
3190:
3182:
3174:
3170:
3167:
3163:
3160:
3155:
3151:
3148:
3146:
3138:
3134:
3131:
3127:
3124:
3120:
3117:
3113:
3110:
3106:
3103:
3099:
3096:
3094:
3087:
3084:
3080:
3077:
3073:
3070:
3066:
3063:
3059:
3056:
3052:
3049:
3045:
3034:
3027:
3024:
3022:
3021:Contract type
3019:
3010:
3008:
3004:
3000:
2996:
2992:
2988:
2973:
2970:
2967:
2965:
2962:
2957:
2954:
2952:
2948:
2943:
2940:
2938:
2934:
2929:
2926:
2924:
2920:
2915:
2912:
2910:
2906:
2901:
2898:
2896:
2892:
2887:
2884:
2882:
2878:
2873:
2870:
2867:
2862:
2859:
2856:
2854:
2850:
2843:
2840:
2838:
2835:
2833:
2830:
2828:
2825:
2821:
2820:
2811:
2808:
2806:
2802:
2797:
2794:
2792:
2788:
2783:
2780:
2778:straight win
2777:
2775:
2768:
2763:
2758:
2753:
2746:
2745:
2737:
2732:Scoring table
2729:
2726:
2724:
2719:
2717:
2713:
2710:
2706:
2702:
2698:
2688:
2686:
2671:
2669:
2665:
2660:
2651:
2649:
2645:
2641:
2637:
2628:
2626:
2622:
2618:
2614:
2611:If a team is
2607:
2603:
2595:
2592:
2590:Rufer: 1 unit
2589:
2588:
2587:
2585:
2575:
2573:
2569:
2560:
2556:
2553:
2551:
2548:
2546:
2542:
2538:
2534:
2531:
2529:
2526:
2524:
2520:
2515:
2513:60â89 points
2512:
2510:
2508:31â60 points
2507:
2504:
2499:
2497:30â59 points
2496:
2494:
2492:61â90 points
2491:
2488:
2484:
2480:
2477:
2475:
2472:
2470:
2466:
2462:
2458:
2455:
2453:
2450:
2448:
2444:
2440:
2435:
2430:
2428:
2423:
2416:
2414:
2410:
2405:
2403:
2399:
2395:
2391:
2387:
2386:
2381:
2380:
2374:
2372:
2362:
2359:
2356:
2354:
2350:
2346:
2342:
2332:
2330:
2329:
2324:
2323:
2318:
2317:
2306:
2304:
2302:
2298:
2293:
2288:
2286:
2282:
2278:
2274:
2270:
2266:
2262:
2258:
2254:
2247:
2243:
2238:
2236:
2232:
2228:
2217:
2211:
2205:
2199:
2193:
2187:
2183:
2179:
2173:
2167:
2161:
2155:
2149:
2145:
2139:
2133:
2127:
2121:
2115:
2109:
2096:
2090:
2084:
2078:
2072:
2066:
2060:
2054:
2048:
2042:
2036:
2030:
2024:
2018:
2011:
2006:
2002:
2001:
1997:
1988:
1983:
1981:
1980:
1975:
1974:natural suits
1970:
1964:
1958:
1952:
1947:
1943:
1939:
1935:
1931:
1927:
1923:
1919:
1908:
1902:
1896:
1890:
1884:
1878:
1872:
1868:
1864:
1858:
1852:
1846:
1840:
1834:
1828:
1824:
1818:
1812:
1806:
1800:
1794:
1788:
1782:
1778:
1774:
1768:
1762:
1756:
1750:
1744:
1738:
1734:
1725:
1719:
1713:
1707:
1700:
1696:
1695:
1685:
1677:
1674:
1670:
1666:
1663:
1660:
1656:
1653:
1652:
1651:
1648:
1644:
1638:
1632:
1627:
1623:
1619:
1615:
1610:
1608:
1604:
1600:
1596:
1592:
1581:
1575:
1569:
1563:
1557:
1551:
1547:
1543:
1537:
1531:
1525:
1519:
1513:
1509:
1503:
1497:
1491:
1485:
1479:
1473:
1460:
1454:
1448:
1442:
1436:
1430:
1424:
1418:
1412:
1406:
1400:
1394:
1388:
1382:
1375:
1371:
1370:
1359:
1354:
1347:
1344:
1341:
1339:
1335:
1331:
1328:) by saying "
1327:
1322:
1320:
1316:
1312:
1307:
1305:
1301:
1296:
1294:
1293:
1288:
1287:
1282:
1278:
1273:
1270:
1268:
1264:
1260:
1256:
1239:
1230:
1228:
1224:
1220:
1215:
1213:
1208:
1206:
1202:
1198:
1194:
1184:
1182:
1181:
1176:
1175:
1170:
1160:
1158:
1154:
1150:
1146:
1142:
1138:
1134:
1130:
1126:
1122:
1118:
1112:
1102:
1100:
1097:) or bowers (
1096:
1092:
1087:
1085:
1081:
1077:
1073:
1069:
1059:
1057:
1053:
1049:
1045:
1041:
1037:
1033:
1029:
1025:
1007:
1003:
997:
993:
987:
983:
977:
973:
967:
962:
954:
949:
941:
936:
928:
923:
918:
913:
910:
908:
904:
900:
896:
895:German-suited
886:
884:
880:
879:gambling game
875:
873:
869:
864:
860:
855:
853:
848:
839:
837:
833:
829:
824:
822:
818:
817:Schieber-Solo
814:
810:
806:
802:
798:
794:
789:
787:
783:
779:
775:
771:
767:
763:
758:
757:Ebermannstadt
753:
749:
744:
742:
738:
734:
730:
726:
721:
718:
714:
710:
706:
701:
697:
689:
685:
681:
679:
675:
671:
667:
663:
659:
658:
652:
650:
646:
642:
638:
634:
630:
626:
621:
619:
615:
611:
607:
603:
598:
593:
589:
579:
577:
573:
561:
557:
553:
548:
546:
542:
536:
534:
530:
526:
522:
518:
514:
510:
506:
502:
498:
494:
484:
481:
479:
475:
471:
467:
461:
459:
455:
450:
445:
443:
439:
434:
430:
421:
407:
405:
401:
397:
393:
389:
385:
381:
376:
368:
364:
360:
356:
352:
347:
345:
341:
337:
333:
329:
324:
320:
316:
312:
308:
304:
300:
295:
293:
289:
285:
281:
277:
273:
269:
265:
261:
256:
248:
240:
236:
232:
228:
225:Related games
223:
219:
215:
209:
205:
201:
197:
190:
184:
178:
172:
166:
160:
153:
147:
141:
135:
128:
122:
116:
110:
104:
100:
96:
92:
88:
84:
80:
76:
72:
68:
64:
61:
58:
54:
51:
48:
44:
40:
35:
30:
27:
23:
8486:}}
8480:{{
8477:}}
8471:{{
8468:}}
8462:{{
8431:Schieberjass
8370:Calabresella
8259:
8070:Bauernfangen
8056:German packs
8012:Haferltarock
7986:Bauerntarock
7975:German packs
7955:Twenty-eight
7910:SiebenschrÀm
7713:French packs
7673:Six-bid solo
7586:French packs
7560:Two-ten-jack
7550:Turkish King
7350:German whist
7345:French whist
7183:French packs
7131:
7123:
7096:
7080:
7072:
7065:
7061:
7050:
7043:
7035:
7027:
7012:
7004:
6996:
6988:
6980:
6969:
6953:
6946:
6935:
6928:
6913:
6898:
6891:
6876:
6861:
6847:
6840:
6828:
6821:Bibliography
6807:. Retrieved
6797:
6788:
6783:
6771:
6760:. Retrieved
6746:
6737:
6732:
6724:Kurze Karten
6723:
6718:
6708:29 September
6706:. Retrieved
6702:
6694:
6685:
6677:
6672:
6657:
6647:
6607:29 September
6605:. Retrieved
6601:
6592:
6583:
6574:
6565:
6557:
6552:
6542:
6536:
6527:
6521:
6512:
6506:
6497:
6492:
6483:
6478:
6470:
6466:
6456:29 September
6454:. Retrieved
6450:
6433:Jups (1884).
6417:
6412:1890, p. 66.
6408:
6402:
6390:
6382:
6374:
6365:
6359:
6350:
6340:29 September
6338:. Retrieved
6334:
6325:
6316:
6310:
6301:
6296:
6286:29 September
6284:. Retrieved
6280:
6277:"Geschichte"
6271:
6263:
6259:
6247:. Retrieved
6238:
6229:
6227:W. Medicus:
6223:
6218:Munich 1979.
6214:
6208:
6199:
6184:
6178:
6169:
6164:
6155:
6149:
6148:comments to
6139:
6123:
6114:
6104:
6051:
6028:
6023:
6007:
5998:
5993:
5984:
5979:
5960:
5957:Langes Blatt
5956:
5952:
5949:Kurzes Blatt
5948:
5944:
5940:
5936:
5931:
5922:
5914:
5910:
5906:
5898:
5894:
5890:
5882:
5878:
5874:
5865:
5857:
5853:
5848:
5840:
5836:
5832:
5824:
5820:
5815:
5807:
5803:
5799:
5795:
5791:
5782:
5774:
5770:
5763:Partnerspiel
5762:
5758:
5754:
5750:
5746:
5742:
5732:
5728:
5716:
5704:
5698:
5690:
5686:
5685:; but not a
5682:
5678:
5673:
5665:
5660:
5652:
5648:
5644:
5640:
5635:
5627:
5623:
5619:
5615:
5610:
5602:
5597:
5588:
5579:
5570:
5561:
5552:
5419:
5410:
5391:
5385:
5374:
5355:
5353:
5349:
5339:
5332:
5314:
5298:
5293:
5287:
5270:
5263:
5248:
5244:
5240:
5236:
5227:
5218:
5191:
5186:
5182:
5178:
5166:
5156:
5110:
5094:
5084:
5078:
5072:
5067:
5058:
5054:
5050:
5040:
5024:
5019:
5013:
5007:
5001:
4996:
4990:
4984:= Game Value
4983:
4966:
4960:
4955:
4950:
4944:
4942:
4936:
4934:
4929:
4924:
4915:
4911:
4907:
4905:
4894:
4889:
4888:
4881:
4878:nacheinander
4877:
4873:
4869:
4865:
4860:
4859:
4848:
4844:
4840:
4835:
4834:
4830:
4823:
4819:
4806:
4802:
4798:
4794:
4787:
4783:
4779:
4773:
4769:
4763:
4759:
4753:
4741:
4736:
4726:
4724:
4717:
4707:
4702:
4701:
4697:
4691:
4687:
4682:
4681:
4677:
4667:
4663:
4659:
4654:
4653:
4643:
4639:
4635:
4630:
4629:
4623:
4619:
4615:
4611:
4607:
4603:
4599:
4595:AllgÀu Round
4594:
4593:
4588:
4578:
4551:Teufelsrunde
4550:
4545:
4544:
4540:
4538:
4533:
4529:
4525:
4521:
4517:
4513:
4497:
4493:
4490:Schiebersolo
4489:
4485:
4483:
4478:
4469:
4464:
4460:
4456:
4452:
4444:
4440:
4434:
4433:
4422:
4415:
4411:
4407:
4402:
4401:
4395:
4386:
4379:
4375:
4368:
4365:
4357:
4349:
4345:
4341:
4337:
4332:
4331:
4325:
4317:
4313:Bettel Brett
4312:
4311:
4304:
4297:
4295:
4265:
4213:
4161:
4109:
4072:
4071:
4062:
4055:
4052:Schellenwenz
4051:
4047:
4043:
4039:
4035:
4031:
4027:
4023:
4019:
4015:
4013:
3874:Side suits:
3794:Schellenwenz
3793:
3788:
3787:
3784:
3775:
3767:
3762:
3761:
3755:
3751:
3746:
3745:
3740:
3669:
3665:
3661:
3657:
3653:
3651:
3646:
3637:
3632:
3631:
3626:
3622:
3617:
3616:
3610:
3606:
3602:
3597:
3596:
3591:
3586:
3582:
3581:
3398:Side suits:
3359:
3358:
3349:
3344:
3334:
3330:
3322:
3318:
3314:
3310:
3306:
3292:
3290:
3285:
3255:
3251:
3247:
3243:
3239:
3237:
3232:
3226:
3220:
3219:
3214:
3213:
3209:
3205:
3203:
3198:
3187:
3180:
3172:
3168:
3161:
3153:
3149:
3144:
3136:
3125:
3118:
3111:
3104:
3097:
3092:
3085:
3078:
3071:
3064:
3057:
3050:
3043:
3032:
3025:
3020:
3006:
3002:
2998:
2994:
2984:
2963:
2950:
2936:
2922:
2908:
2894:
2880:
2852:
2848:
2841:
2836:
2831:
2826:
2818:
2817:
2804:
2790:
2773:
2766:
2761:
2756:
2751:
2743:
2742:
2735:
2727:
2722:
2720:
2715:
2711:
2708:
2704:
2700:
2696:
2694:
2684:
2682:
2674:Social games
2667:
2663:
2661:
2657:
2647:
2643:
2639:
2638:
2634:
2624:
2620:
2616:
2612:
2610:
2605:
2601:
2581:
2571:
2565:
2558:
2544:
2536:
2527:0â30 points
2522:
2505:simple loss
2500:simple loss
2482:
2478:0â29 points
2468:
2460:
2446:
2438:
2433:
2426:
2421:
2408:
2406:
2401:
2397:
2393:
2389:
2383:
2377:
2375:
2368:
2360:
2357:
2338:
2327:
2326:
2321:
2320:
2315:
2314:
2312:
2305:
2300:
2296:
2291:
2289:
2284:
2280:
2276:
2275:overcalls a
2272:
2268:
2264:
2260:
2256:
2250:
2245:
2241:
2234:
2230:
2226:
2224:
2103:Side suits:
2005:Schellensolo
2004:
1999:
1998:
1995:
1986:
1978:
1945:
1941:
1937:
1929:
1925:
1921:
1920:overcalls a
1917:
1915:
1732:Side suits:
1693:
1692:
1683:
1672:
1668:
1649:
1621:
1617:
1613:
1611:
1602:
1594:
1590:
1588:
1467:Side suits:
1368:
1367:
1357:
1353:
1345:
1342:
1337:
1333:
1329:
1325:
1323:
1318:
1314:
1310:
1308:
1303:
1299:
1297:
1290:
1284:
1274:
1271:
1266:
1252:
1216:
1209:
1190:
1179:
1178:
1173:
1172:
1168:
1166:
1156:
1152:
1149:Nichtser(le)
1148:
1144:
1136:
1132:
1128:
1124:
1116:
1114:
1098:
1094:
1088:
1065:
1055:
1047:
1039:
1031:
1021:
965:
952:
939:
926:
892:
876:
871:
862:
858:
856:
851:
849:
845:
835:
827:
825:
820:
816:
812:
808:
800:
796:
792:
790:
777:
765:
752:Staffelstein
747:
745:
740:
732:
722:
712:
704:
699:
695:
693:
687:
656:
653:
640:
636:
632:
628:
624:
622:
585:
549:
540:
537:
490:
482:
477:
473:
469:
465:
462:
457:
453:
448:
446:
441:
437:
432:
428:
426:
403:
399:
395:
391:
383:
379:
366:
362:
354:
350:
348:
335:
331:
296:
288:Old Bavarian
259:
246:
245:
212:20 min/round
207:Playing time
102:
101:Trump suit (
38:
25:
8441:Kaiserspiel
8395:Truc y Flou
8322:Zehnerlegen
8204:Matzlfangen
8148:German Solo
7735:Bassadewitz
7668:Scharwenzel
7506:SkĂŠrvindsel
7495:Sixty-three
7475:Ristikontra
7423:Ninety-nine
7340:Forty-fives
7325:Court piece
7268:Black Maria
6602:i-p-c-s.org
6144:F.W. Grimme
6029:Bauernstoss
5953:Lange Karte
5945:Kurze Karte
5755:Normalspiel
5603:Spielansage
5523:SkĂŠrvindsel
5503:Scharwenzel
5189:("sheep").
5175:F.X. Schmid
5167:Kurze Karte
4453:Durchmarsch
4342:Ramsch Tout
3747:Suit Kaiser
3618:Eisenbahner
2666:called the
2516:simple win
2489:simple win
2371:card points
2341:follow suit
1174:Rufer, Wenz
1141:guard cards
1084:card points
1062:Card values
832:HofbrÀuhaus
741:Durchmarsch
707:printed in
592:German Solo
576:GrobhÀusern
560:German Solo
556:plain-trick
552:Scharwenzel
517:trump cards
513:German Solo
487:Forerunners
404:Schafkopfer
400:Schafkopfen
392:Schaapskopp
380:Schafkopfen
336:Bauernstoss
60:Point-trick
8501:Categories
8292:Trischettn
8173:Kein Stich
8114:Doppelkopf
8029:Mulatschak
7960:Zwanzig ab
7905:Sheepshead
7890:Préférence
7678:SvÀngknack
7658:Marjapussi
7648:Hindersche
7522:Spoil Five
7365:Hucklebuck
7263:Black lady
7085:Nuremberg.
6942:: Deinzer.
6879:. Dillig.
6826:_ (1872).
6809:2015-01-22
6762:2013-12-16
6540:_ (1929).
6525:_ (1888).
5971:References
5911:Hadschader
5825:suit solos
5821:heart solo
5800:Bauernwenz
5628:ich spiele
5513:Sheepshead
5483:Doppelkopf
5450:(ancestor)
5407:Ceremonies
4912:Grundtarif
4887:Knocking (
4721:Last round
4631:Hadschader
4080:No trumps
4040:Heart Wenz
4024:Acorn Wenz
3752:Suit König
3670:Leaf Geier
3666:Leaf Geier
3654:Suit Geier
3244:Kreuzrunde
3210:Hochzeiter
3126:Suit Geier
3093:Solo games
3065:Geier Tout
3033:Tout games
2578:Settlement
2543:lost with
2521:lost with
2481:lost with
2459:lost with
1257:and which
1105:Card names
782:TĂŒrkenfeld
731:, winning
662:GrÀfenberg
614:Sheepshead
602:Doppelkopf
493:Doppelkopf
388:Low German
384:Schaafkopf
367:Schaffkopf
328:Palatinate
307:Sheepshead
299:Doppelkopf
292:Franconian
210:5 min/deal
8385:Tressette
8355:Botifarra
8297:Wallachen
8281:Sixty-six
8265:Schnapsen
8260:Schafkopf
8234:Ramscheln
8224:Quodlibet
8209:Mauscheln
8158:Grasobern
8040:Schnalzen
8034:Perlaggen
7900:Schwimmen
7885:Preferans
7830:Klaverjas
7810:Herzblatt
7805:FĂŒnf dazu
7760:Bierlachs
7740:Bauerchen
7527:StĂœrivolt
7408:Lanterloo
7370:Kachufool
7252:Bid whist
7231:All fours
7132:Anleitung
7115:with the
7102:pagat.com
6249:5 January
6185:BR-online
6034:pagat.com
5915:Humpelnde
5808:Farb-Wenz
5677:I have a
5645:ist Recht
5639:Play on:
5616:ich passe
5601:Auction:
5473:Bauerchen
5386:Schafkopf
5032:each Ă 2
5018:+ each Ă
4951:+ Runners
4937:Schneider
4845:Schneider
4788:GegenstoĂ
4703:Zupf Solo
4672:Mönchberg
4636:Hatschate
4604:Chiprunde
4369:Kreuzbock
4056:Suit Wenz
4048:Bell Wenz
4032:Leaf Wenz
4028:Eichewenz
4016:Suit Wenz
3789:Bell Wenz
3776:Suit Wenz
3756:Farbkönig
3672:is thus:
3658:Farbgeier
3315:schneider
3311:schneider
3240:Kreuzbock
3233:Kreuzbock
3119:Suit Wenz
3058:Wenz Tout
3051:Solo Tout
2987:sweetener
2958:+ 6 each
2944:- 6 each
2930:+ 4 each
2916:- 4 each
2902:+ 3 each
2895:Schneider
2888:- 3 each
2881:Schneider
2874:+ 2 each
2863:- 2 each
2842:Defenders
2812:- 3 each
2809:+ 3 each
2803:won with
2798:- 2 each
2795:+ 2 each
2791:Schneider
2789:won with
2784:- 1 each
2781:+ 1 each
2648:Schneider
2621:Schneider
2613:Schneider
2602:Schneider
2557:won with
2537:Schneider
2535:won with
2523:Schneider
2483:Schneider
2469:Schneider
2467:won with
2445:won with
2402:Schneider
2398:Schneider
2390:Schneider
2379:Schneider
2345:side suit
2277:Wenz Tout
2273:Solo Tout
2261:Wenz Tout
2231:suit solo
2000:Bell Solo
1979:Suit Wenz
1607:side suit
1350:Contracts
1334:Solo Tout
1330:Wenz Tout
940:GrĂŒn/Gras
805:entrumped
733:Schneider
610:Minnesota
606:Wisconsin
533:Thuringia
509:Quadrille
440:= sheep,
433:Schafkopf
429:Schafkopf
415:Etymology
390:dialect:
323:Altenburg
319:Quadrille
311:Schafkopf
247:Schafkopf
202:Clockwise
20:Schafkopf
8459:Category
8365:Briscola
8287:Sticheln
8109:Bolachen
8082:Bierkopf
8060:32 cards
8002:Brusbart
7978:36 cards
7880:Polignac
7865:Oma Skat
7855:Mistigri
7850:Marjolet
7825:Klammern
7765:Brandeln
7717:32 cards
7698:Viersche
7688:Tarabish
7663:Rutersju
7590:36 cards
7490:Sheng ji
7480:RödskÀgg
7459:Polskpas
7443:Pinochle
7418:Napoleon
7402:KnĂŒffeln
7397:Köpknack
7355:Gong Zhu
7330:Cucumber
7187:52 cards
7107:Sauspiel
6979:(1974).
6940:Budissin
6931:Leipzig.
6663:Sauspiel
6189:Archived
5895:Laufende
5877:, since
5804:Hauswenz
5759:Sauspiel
5751:Rufspiel
5643:; good:
5641:spiel zu
5518:Sheng ji
5478:Bierkopf
5432:See also
5371:Bavarian
5289:Bierkopf
5284:Bierkopf
5278:Bierkopf
5122:Variants
5041:Hochzeit
4961:Doubling
4858:Laying (
4836:Doppeln!
4750:Doubling
4683:Strixner
4541:Schieber
4530:Schieber
4486:Schieber
4479:Schieber
4461:Jungfrau
4451:are the
4044:Herzwenz
4036:Graswenz
4020:Farbwenz
3785:Example:
3323:gesperrt
3206:Hochzeit
3199:Hochzeit
3150:Hochzeit
2974:-8 each
2827:Contract
2752:Contract
2723:10/20/50
2691:Payments
2668:Reuegeld
2640:Example:
2568:zero-sum
2349:led suit
2322:Spritzn!
2309:Doubling
2235:Farbsolo
1996:Example:
1626:declarer
1281:overcall
1263:forehand
1259:contract
1255:declarer
1212:forehand
1201:shuffles
1091:matadors
1056:Schellen
966:Schellen
899:Bavarian
729:pfennigs
709:WĂŒrzburg
674:Bavarian
501:L'Hombre
466:geklopft
340:Bierkopf
231:Bierkopf
8427:Chratze
8345:Aluette
8336:Spanish
8332:Italian
8276:Sedmice
8178:Lampeln
8163:Herzeln
8094:Blattla
8088:Binokel
8023:Kratzen
7965:Zwicken
7930:Solo 66
7870:Pilotta
7845:Manille
7835:Letzter
7780:Coinche
7775:Chouine
7755:Bezique
7703:Voormsi
7693:Trekort
7575:Zwikken
7539:Tarneeb
7433:Oh hell
7413:Mizerka
7335:Femkort
7308:Clabber
6109:, 2007.
5875:Tout/Du
5437:General
5416:Records
5071:or 5 Ă
5023:or Âœ Ă
5000:or 2 Ă
4945:Schwarz
4895:klopfen
4890:Klopfen
4849:Schwarz
4831:klopfen
4774:Spritze
4735:O in a
4648:stossed
4543:is the
4518:schiebt
4408:Schwarz
4376:Doppler
4320:played
3660:) is a
3367:Trumps:
3331:renonce
3154:Wedding
3139:etc.)*
2923:Schwarz
2909:Schwarz
2837:Soloist
2805:Schwarz
2762:Winners
2631:Runners
2625:Schwarz
2617:Schwarz
2606:Schwarz
2559:Schwarz
2545:Schwarz
2461:Schwarz
2447:Schwarz
2385:Schwarz
2365:Scoring
2328:Retour!
2279:. In a
1936:. In a
1701:Trumps:
1673:Laufsau
1659:smeared
1376:Trumps:
1233:Auction
1225:make a
1157:Luschen
1145:Spatzen
1133:Wenzels
883:Bavaria
774:Freyung
770:matador
698:in the
612:, c.f.
572:FĂ€rbeln
525:Leipzig
476:, c.f.
410:History
371:German:
284:Austria
282:and in
280:Germany
276:Bavaria
266:of the
251:German:
66:Players
50:Germany
8380:Julepe
8360:Brisca
8350:Bestia
8302:Watten
8249:Rumpel
8239:Ramsen
8229:Ramsch
8214:Mucken
8199:MariĂĄĆĄ
8188:Lupfen
8168:Herzla
8153:Gilten
8139:(2x24)
8137:Gaigel
8132:Elfern
8116:(2x24)
8090:(2x24)
8017:Jaggln
7996:Bieten
7950:Tuppen
7945:Toepen
7940:Tippen
7875:Piquet
7815:Kaiser
7800:Fipsen
7795:Euchre
7785:ĂcartĂ©
7750:Belote
7730:Baloot
7544:Thunee
7517:Spades
7485:Shelem
7465:Priffe
7445:(2x24)
7360:Hearts
7319:Chlust
7293:Bridge
7288:Bourré
7283:Boston
7278:Bonken
7019:
6960:
6920:
6905:
6883:
6868:
6854:
6153:. In:
6131:
6058:
6054:1992.
6015:
5899:LĂ€ufer
5775:Rufsau
5734:Ramsch
5620:weiter
5614:Pass:
5493:Mucken
5316:Mucken
5311:Mucken
5305:Mucken
5299:Masses
5183:scharf
5150:
5144:
5138:
5083:+ 1 Ă
5077:+ 1 Ă
5012:+ 1 Ă
5006:+ 1 Ă
4930:Tariff
4820:Contra
4807:Re-Sub
4799:Retour
4780:Retour
4770:Kontra
4765:Contra
4708:zupfen
4644:Hatsch
4640:Hadsch
4622:and a
4608:Fisiko
4571:O and
4506:O and
4465:Ramsch
4441:Ramsch
4436:Ramsch
4430:Ramsch
4423:Ramsch
4389:rounds
4387:Ramsch
4382:rounds
4371:rounds
4346:Bettel
4338:Mörtel
4326:Bettel
4322:ouvert
4318:Bettel
4305:Bettel
4299:Bettel
4073:Bettel
4063:Bettel
4046:) and
3801:Trumps
3758:) etc.
3598:Kaiser
3327:renege
3269:Contra
3181:Ramsch
3137:Bettel
2832:Result
2767:Losers
2757:Result
2584:tariff
2411:(i.e.
2319:" or "
2316:Stoss!
2012:Trumps
1966:U and
1946:Wenzen
1942:Unters
1603:Unters
1599:trumps
1193:dealer
1169:reiner
1099:Bauern
1095:Herren
1050:) and
1044:Hearts
1036:Leaves
1032:Eichel
1028:Acorns
948:Hearts
935:Leaves
927:Eichel
922:Acorns
813:Bettel
809:Ramsch
762:Pasing
717:Amberg
690:, 1895
670:Tarock
645:Hazard
529:Saxony
474:Schaff
470:Köpfen
344:Mucken
239:Mucken
220:Medium
217:Chance
93:German
74:Skills
46:Origin
8400:Truco
8338:packs
8271:Sedma
8183:Lorum
8120:Dreeg
8007:Dobbm
7915:Sjavs
7790:Enflé
7770:Bruus
7653:Knack
7623:Bruus
7608:BrÀus
7598:Agram
7570:Whist
7533:Sueca
7512:Smear
7500:Sjavs
7449:Pitch
7438:Pedro
7303:Cinch
7273:Bluke
7257:Bisca
7246:BaĆka
7241:Barbu
7203:3-5-8
7197:3-2-5
5747:Rufer
5729:Rufer
5713:force
5709:round
5544:Notes
5468:BaĆka
5369:In a
5294:Rufer
5187:Schaf
5059:Geier
4991:Rufer
4972:Legen
4968:Stoss
4916:Rufer
4874:Leger
4870:Leger
4866:legen
4861:Legen
4795:Stoss
4760:Stoss
4737:Rufer
4664:Solos
4655:Minas
4616:Rufer
4445:Rufer
4350:Rufer
4014:In a
3662:Geier
3647:Geier
3645:Suit
3633:Spatz
3627:Geier
3623:Adler
3611:Geier
3583:Geier
3360:Geier
3350:Geier
3297:force
3295:is a
3265:Stoss
3248:Kreuz
3169:Force
3162:Rufer
3112:Geier
2995:Stock
2955:- 18
2941:+ 18
2927:- 12
2913:+ 12
2774:Rufer
2716:10/50
2712:10/20
2709:5/20,
2701:Rufer
2697:Rufer
2664:Stock
2572:Rufer
2353:trick
2225:In a
1922:Rufer
1614:Rufer
1595:Obers
1591:Rufer
1369:Rufer
1358:Rufer
1227:round
1223:hands
1219:deals
1153:Leere
1125:König
1121:Deuce
1076:Unter
1052:Bells
1024:suits
1018:Suits
961:Bells
889:Cards
852:Rufer
797:Rufer
795:(now
793:Frage
786:Unter
737:march
672:(the
657:Rufer
554:is a
541:Augen
438:Schaf
103:Rufer
82:Cards
8423:Jass
8405:Tute
8390:Truc
8375:Gilé
8312:Ulti
8283:(24)
8267:(20)
8256:(24)
8190:(20)
8128:(20)
8122:(24)
8084:(20)
8078:(20)
8072:(20)
8042:(33)
8036:(33)
8025:(33)
8019:(33)
7998:(33)
7920:Skat
7895:Rams
7683:Tapp
7643:Frog
7638:Dapp
7628:Bura
7618:BrĂșs
7613:Brus
7603:BĂȘte
7577:(20)
7565:Vira
7546:(24)
7535:(40)
7529:(48)
7508:(28)
7461:(24)
7454:Phat
7404:(48)
7393:(16)
7387:(24)
7375:King
7321:(20)
7314:Clag
7310:(24)
7259:(40)
7248:(16)
7227:(24)
7225:1001
7221:(24)
7219:1000
7215:(43)
7199:(30)
7174:list
7017:ISBN
6958:ISBN
6918:ISBN
6903:ISBN
6881:ISBN
6866:ISBN
6852:ISBN
6710:2018
6609:2018
6458:2018
6342:2018
6288:2018
6251:2021
6129:ISBN
6056:ISBN
6013:ISBN
5854:Tout
5837:Tout
5796:Wenz
5718:Muss
5705:Bock
5687:Wenz
5679:Solo
5538:Zole
5528:Skat
5379:Trio
5255:and
5208:and
5173:and
5161:and
5115:Ă 4
5105:Ă 2
5095:Tout
5066:4 Ă
5055:Solo
5051:Wenz
5045:Ă 2
5035:Sum
4995:1 Ă
4976:Bock
4925:Game
4841:Tout
4797:and
4668:Solo
4660:Solo
4624:Solo
4620:Wenz
4618:, a
4579:Solo
4534:Solo
4526:Solo
4522:Solo
4514:Solo
4457:Mord
4449:Skat
4416:Bock
4403:Bock
4396:Bock
4384:and
4380:Bock
3638:Wenz
3625:and
3607:Bart
3587:Wenz
3335:Muss
3319:Muss
3307:Muss
3293:Muss
3286:Muss
3271:etc.
3256:GoaĂ
3252:Rock
3238:The
3173:Muss
3105:Wenz
3098:Solo
3026:Game
3007:Topf
3003:Pott
2999:Henn
2971:+24
2951:Tout
2937:Tout
2899:- 9
2885:+ 9
2871:- 6
2860:+ 6
2853:Solo
2849:Wenz
2714:and
2705:5/20
2679:Deal
2644:Solo
2604:and
2413:slam
2409:Tout
2335:Play
2292:Sie,
2285:Tout
2281:Tout
2269:Tout
2267:. A
2257:Tout
2253:slam
2244:and
2242:Tout
2227:solo
1987:Solo
1938:Wenz
1930:Wenz
1926:Solo
1918:Wenz
1694:Wenz
1684:Wenz
1622:Solo
1618:Wenz
1332:", "
1326:Tout
1319:Wenz
1315:Solo
1311:Solo
1304:Solo
1300:Wenz
1292:Solo
1286:Wenz
1277:pass
1197:pack
1187:Deal
1180:Solo
1177:and
1137:Wenz
1129:Kini
1072:Ober
1068:King
1048:Herz
1040:Gras
953:Herz
872:Tout
868:slam
863:Solo
859:Wenz
821:Wenz
815:and
801:Solo
766:Solo
608:and
588:Skat
574:and
497:Skat
495:and
452:Scha
442:Kopf
396:Kopp
359:Skat
342:and
315:Solo
303:Skat
301:and
290:and
199:Play
90:Deck
56:Type
8334:or
7725:304
7470:Put
7391:Kop
7213:500
7208:400
7100:at
7060:in
6381:in
6032:at
5955:or
5947:or
5897:or
5879:Sie
5858:Sie
5802:or
5651:or
5624:weg
5622:or
5488:Kop
5396:ZDF
5111:Sie
4847:or
4803:Sub
4772:or
4642:or
4565:O,
4559:O,
4492:or
4455:or
4410:or
4391:).
4378:or
4340:or
4333:Pfd
4271:10
4219:10
4167:10
4115:10
4038:),
4030:),
3978:10
3934:10
3888:10
3839:10
3738:7.
3708:10
3605:or
3546:10
3502:10
3456:10
3412:10
3291:A
3276:lay
3267:or
3254:or
3156:)*
3044:Sie
3005:or
2991:pot
2981:Pot
2964:Sie
2301:Sie
2297:Sie
2263:or
2246:Sie
2195:10
2157:10
2117:10
2074:10
1960:U,
1954:U,
1880:10
1836:10
1790:10
1746:10
1640:A,
1634:A,
1620:or
1559:10
1521:10
1481:10
1438:10
1340:".
1338:Sie
1321:".
1302:or
1295:).
1289:or
1221:or
1205:cut
1159:).
1155:or
1117:Sau
1101:).
1058:).
1042:),
1034:),
901:or
778:Sie
394:or
334:or
330:as
168:10
8503::
8433:,
8429:,
6839:,
6755:.
6639:^
6617:^
6600:.
6449:.
6438:^
6426:^
6333:.
6279:.
6146::
6067:^
6041:^
5883:du
5841:Du
5689::
5681::
5618:,
5216:.
5204:,
5196:,
5102:â
5099:â
5089:â
5057:,
5053:,
5029:â
4974:,
4970:,
4943:+
4935:+
4918::
4884:).
4805:,
4786:,
4784:Re
4782::
4768:,
4762::
4714:).
4638:,
4610:,
4606:,
4602:,
4488:,
4484:A
4412:Re
4373:,
4296:A
4289:7
4283:8
4277:9
4264:U
4258:O
4252:K
4246:A
4237:7
4231:8
4225:9
4212:U
4206:O
4200:K
4194:A
4185:7
4179:8
4173:9
4160:U
4154:O
4148:K
4142:A
4133:7
4127:8
4121:9
4108:U
4102:O
4096:K
4090:A
4008:7
4002:8
3996:9
3990:O
3984:K
3972:A
3964:7
3958:8
3952:9
3946:O
3940:K
3928:A
3918:7
3912:8
3906:9
3900:O
3894:K
3882:A
3869:7
3863:8
3857:9
3851:O
3845:K
3833:A
3827:U
3821:U
3815:U
3809:U
3796:)
3770:).
3732:8
3726:9
3720:U
3714:K
3702:A
3696:O
3690:O
3684:O
3678:O
3652:A
3589:.
3576:7
3570:8
3564:9
3558:U
3552:K
3540:A
3532:7
3526:8
3520:9
3514:U
3508:K
3496:A
3486:7
3480:8
3474:9
3468:U
3462:K
3450:A
3442:7
3436:8
3430:9
3424:U
3418:K
3406:A
3393:O
3387:O
3381:O
3375:O
3250:,
3246:,
3175:)
3001:,
2997:,
2851:,
2687:.
2670:.
2219:7
2213:8
2207:9
2201:K
2189:A
2181:7
2175:8
2169:9
2163:K
2151:A
2141:7
2135:8
2129:9
2123:K
2111:A
2098:7
2092:8
2086:9
2080:K
2068:A
2062:U
2056:U
2050:U
2044:U
2038:O
2032:O
2026:O
2020:O
2007:)
1982:.
1932:,
1916:A
1910:7
1904:8
1898:9
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