298:
1132:
1120:
398:. King Andrew II confirmed their donation in 1208 (Saul, Maurus and Alexander were deceased by then). Juhász argued it was the consequence of that Saul, gaining an advantage from his influential position in the royal court, requested Emeric to return the landholding to the kindred, which became a royal property after the death of his father Stephen's cousins Alexander and Seraphin. Saul supported the
217:. The above-mentioned donation letter was formulated by Saul, while Redabanus, the head of the royal chapel used the royal seal to authenticate it; for the last time in the Hungarian institutional history. Thus "chancellor" Saul had more limited powers than his predecessor Kalán, and his appointment was a short-lived attempt to restore the pre-1181 institutional situation by the court clergy.
1108:
480:
analysed the chalice and the textiles based on the pictures sent, but he did not deal with the other objects. Thereafter he dated the grave to the turn of the 12th and 13th centuries. Accordingly, he identified the skeleton as the corpse of archbishops Saul Győr or Ugrin Csák. The diocese's librarian
378:
in March 1199, Pope
Innocent urged Saul to investigate the events and call upon the king to compensation. However, Emeric prevented the visitation of Saul to the royal court (the king claimed he had ordered this for the safety of the archbishop, whose lives would have been endangered by the adherents
364:
and act of offence by the local chapter. Some canons appeared in the court of Saul in mid-1197 to request his intervention. Elvin refused to assist the investigation, thus Saul ruled in favour of the chapter and excommunicated Elvin in 1198. As the bishop became a supporter of Andrew, this dissension
225:
already appeared in the sources and Saul himself was archbishop). One of the non-authentic charters from 1190 also refers to Saul as bishop; as the positions of his contemporaries, who also appear in the document, can be verified, thus the forgery was compiled by the usage of an authentic document.
488:
In
January–February 2014, the tomb was re-examined during archaeological excavations, which aimed to define the exact age of the skeleton. The identification was supported by the AMS radiocarbon examination that was conducted on the two phalanxes acquired from the skeleton. The result of the
220:
He was appointed chancellor by 1188. In the same time, he already functioned as Bishop-elect of Csanád, but his episcopate was mentioned by only non-authentic charters. Nevertheless, it is certain that the dignity has been filled by him in the period between 1188 and 1192 (when his successor
213:", which emphasised the establishment of a separate Royal Chancery during Béla's reign. Saul's title suggests there were other notaries during that time. It is also presumable that the title reflects the royal chapel's restoration attempts following the dismissal of chancellor
493:(radiocarbon) examination defined the date of death of the archbishop buried in the grave at (cal AD) 1001–1030, which date coincides with the scanty historical data on Astrik. Accordingly, the skeleton was identified with the corpse of Astrik, and not Saul Győr.
485:(1241) and his body was never found. Moritz Dreger considered the textiles of Byzantine origin. In 1912, the tombstone was relocated into the new Archbishop's Crypt with the epitaph "OSSA ANONYMI AEPPI COLOCEN. SAEC. XII. / SAULI DE GYŐR /? / 1192–1202 /".
365:
was a chapter of a wider conflict between the partisans of Emeric and the duke. Thereafter Elvin admitted the offence and asked for the penalty to be suspended from Saul. The archbishop required Elvin's written confession and compulsory pilgrimage to the
369:
to exercise penance. After Elvin met the request, Saul lifted the excommunication. King Emeric strongly opposed Saul's decision, but the archbishop wished to keep the secular sphere out of church affairs. When Emeric forced
468:, the first Archbishop of Kalocsa, as the grave laid in the central axis of the first cathedral, a usual resting place for the church founders. Foerk also analogised the crosier with the near-contemporary pastoral staff of
201:. He first appeared in contemporary records in 1183, when he was referred to as a royal chief notary. In this capacity, he formulated that royal diploma, which contained a grant of privilege for the
450:. Under the sanctuary, a red marble archiepiscopal tomb was excavated in 1910 in the place of the original 11th-century cathedral. In addition to the intact skeleton, a gilded silver-headed
426:
confirmed the privilege in March 1200. Saul was last mentioned by contemporary records in 1201. According to a non-authentic royal charter, he was still alive in early 1202. Soon,
263:
1162:
1157:
464:
with three jewelled gold pins, and textile remnants were found. Foerk estimated the age of the grave and thought its 11th-century origin, identified the corpse with
205:. However, in the same year, Saul was also styled as "chancellor" by two dubious documents; the first one is a donation letter, which was issued by the
477:
379:
of the pro-Andrew prelates). Nevertheless, they remained allies in the conflict, Saul had to balance between the king and the Roman Curia.
341:
202:
1026:
423:
374:, who was a supporter of Andrew, to give him documents that proved the existence of conspiracy against him, and his army looted the
1187:
1182:
333:
282:. After verification that the Benedictines have been unable to return, Saul intended to populate the abandoned monastery with
961:
230:
is authentic. Kálmán Juhász argued Saul functioned as chancellor until his confirmation as bishop in the same year (1188).
287:
402:
with large sums in 1199. Saul also had a (maternal?) relative, a certain knight George, who belonged to the entourage of
345:
243:
270:
and ship taxes of numerous surrounding villages (for instance, Somos, Okor, Kamarás and Megyer) to the local chapter.
900:
843:
349:
325:
320:, Saul Győr supported the king, but not without any reservations. In May 1198, Pope Innocent authorised archbishops
291:
242:. The archdiocese suffered serious damage and material loss because of the continuous wars and clashes between the
209:, where Saul appeared as a witness; while the second charter was an official royal document. Saul bore the title "
1167:
226:
Historian
Norbert C. Tóth questions that Saul ever held both offices, while András Kubinyi argued the charter's
1009:
317:
1088:
443:
427:
65:
1172:
1071:
919:
873:
321:
239:
55:
1061:
1043:
375:
222:
274:
confirmed the donations in June 1198. In the same letter, the pope authorised Saul to expel the monks of
197:
In his youth, Saul belonged to the court clergy and was a member of the royal chapel during the reign of
371:
266:(r. around 1090). To ensure its prestige and financially establish smooth operation, he transferred the
1098:
864:
Kubinyi, András (1975). "Királyi kancellária és udvari kápolna
Magyarországon a XII. század közepén ".
337:
357:
332:
if they continue the rebellion against the royal power. On 30 December 1198, the pope ordered Saul,
278:
from the Kő monastery because of their undisciplined and immoral behaviour, and to return it to the
294:
there. Saul Győr persuaded the
Orthodox-rite Slavic subjects of his diocese to pay the church tax.
1177:
309:
279:
179:
214:
312:, whose whole reign was characterised by his struggles against his rebellious younger brother,
198:
1078:
473:
395:
152:
29:
250:
in the second half of the 12th century. He was the first archbishop who moved his seat from
1152:
407:
403:
340:
to investigate the inauguration of the pro-Andrew archbishops of the
Dalmatian dioceses of
313:
174:, Ban of Primorje, who was the ancestor of the Gyulai, Geszti and Kéméndi noble families;
8:
399:
187:
1051:
183:
140:
75:
1124:
834:
C. Tóth, Norbert (2001). "A Győr-nemzetség az Árpád-korban ". In
Neumann, Tibor (ed.).
353:
238:
Saul Győr became
Archbishop of Kalocsa in 1192, following the death of his predecessor
136:
128:
957:
923:
896:
877:
839:
383:
271:
942:
175:
1112:
247:
356:, but Andrew arbitrarily appointed them to their dignities. Around the same time,
1034:
446:
was extensively restored between 1907 and 1912, under the direction of architect
980:
164:
1136:
482:
297:
108:
391:
251:
171:
1146:
927:
881:
447:
431:
411:
283:
891:
A magyar állam főméltóságai Szent Istvántól napjainkig: Életrajzi
Lexikon
170:
of German origin, as one of the five sons of
Stephen I. His brothers were
387:
366:
302:
206:
191:
1016:
419:
855:
A csanádi püspökség története alapításától a tatárjárásig (1030–1242)
490:
329:
1119:
394:. There they also built a Romanesque church, dedicated to Apostle
469:
460:
451:
328:
Andrew and his partisans and put their places of residence under
275:
259:
148:
98:
465:
361:
308:
Béla III died in April 1196. He was succeeded by his elder son
255:
455:
415:
267:
144:
825:
Buzás, Gergely (2014). "A kalocsai érseksír azonosítása ".
956:(in Hungarian). História, MTA Történettudományi Intézete.
829:(in Hungarian). MNM Visegrádi Mátyás Király Múzeum: 2–7.
730:
684:
682:
680:
667:
665:
652:
650:
625:
623:
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548:
434:
was initiated after his death, but that never happened.
706:
694:
535:
533:
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505:
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778:
766:
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790:
742:
608:
596:
584:
560:
530:
481:
Pál Winkler emphasised that Ugrin was killed in the
502:
139:at the turn of the 12th and 13th centuries. He was
1163:13th-century Roman Catholic archbishops in Hungary
1158:12th-century Roman Catholic archbishops in Hungary
838:(in Hungarian). Argumentum Kiadó. pp. 53–72.
802:
382:Sometimes after 1199, the Győr brothers founded a
836:Analecta Mediaevalia I. Tanulmányok a középkorról
1144:
952:Magyarország világi archontológiája, 1000–1301
859:(in Hungarian). Csanádvármegyei Könyvtár 19–20.
422:for those, who visited the church. Daniel II,
910:Szabados, György (1999). "Imre és András ".
418:in Bohemia. In January 1199, Saul permitted
262:for the first time since the episcopate of
163:Saul was born into the Óvár branch of the
937:A kalocsai érsekek életrajza (1000–1526)
909:
712:
700:
476:(d. 1075). However Jesuit art historian
296:
135:; died early 1202) was a prelate in the
949:
934:
863:
833:
784:
760:
736:
724:
688:
671:
656:
629:
602:
590:
578:
554:
539:
410:. George erected a church dedicated to
1145:
852:
772:
641:
614:
566:
888:
824:
808:
796:
748:
511:
517:
827:Archaeologia – Altum Castrum Online
386:monastery in their possession seat
13:
14:
1199:
430:succeeded him as archbishop. His
1130:
1118:
1106:
1188:13th-century Hungarian nobility
895:(in Hungarian). Helikon Kiadó.
444:Assumption Cathedral of Kalocsa
276:Abraham of the Valley of Hebron
194:, who also held that position.
151:) between 1188 and 1192, then
1:
1183:12th-century Hungarian people
496:
233:
158:
874:National Archives of Hungary
527:(Genus Győr 1., Óvár branch)
7:
155:from 1192 until his death.
10:
1204:
920:Magyar Történelmi Társulat
817:
348:(Zára), who were formerly
125:Saul from the kindred Győr
1085:
1076:
1068:
1058:
1049:
1040:
1033:
1023:
1014:
1006:
1001:
974:
458:, golden rings, crosses,
437:
114:
104:
94:
86:
81:
71:
61:
51:
43:
35:
28:
21:
950:Zsoldos, Attila (2011).
935:Udvardy, József (1991).
372:Boleslaus, Bishop of Vác
182:'s Wars in the Balkans;
853:Juhász, Kálmán (1930).
324:and Saul of Kalocsa to
186:, a powerful baron and
1168:Archbishops of Kalocsa
1035:Catholic Church titles
889:Markó, László (2006).
358:Elvin, Bishop of Várad
305:
178:, who participated in
132:
1079:Archbishop of Kalocsa
866:Levéltári Közlemények
474:Archbishop of Cologne
300:
288:Ugrin Csák of Kalocsa
153:Archbishop of Kalocsa
30:Archbishop of Kalocsa
454:, a silver chalice,
424:Archbishop of Prague
408:Ottokar I of Bohemia
404:Constance of Hungary
203:Archdiocese of Split
943:Görres Gesellschaft
400:Heiligenkreuz Abbey
199:Béla III of Hungary
188:Palatine of Hungary
1002:Political offices
354:Pope Celestine III
334:Ugrin Csák of Győr
306:
244:Kingdom of Hungary
137:Kingdom of Hungary
1173:Bishops of Csanád
1095:
1094:
1086:Succeeded by
1059:Succeeded by
1024:Succeeded by
963:978-963-9627-38-3
739:, pp. 86–87.
396:James the Greater
338:Dominic of Zagreb
301:The monastery of
292:Diocese of Syrmia
286:. Decades later,
280:Benedictine Order
272:Pope Innocent III
133:Győr nembeli Saul
122:
121:
16:Hungarian prelate
1195:
1135:
1134:
1133:
1123:
1122:
1111:
1110:
1109:
1102:
1083:1192–1202
1069:Preceded by
1056:1188–1192
1052:Bishop of Csanád
1041:Preceded by
1007:Preceded by
997:
990:
972:
971:
967:
946:
941:(in Hungarian).
931:
914:(in Hungarian).
906:
885:
868:(in Hungarian).
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406:, the spouse of
322:Job of Esztergom
290:established the
248:Byzantine Empire
141:Bishop of Csanád
82:Personal details
76:Bishop of Csanád
19:
18:
1203:
1202:
1198:
1197:
1196:
1194:
1193:
1192:
1143:
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991:
985:
984:
977:
970:
964:
903:
846:
820:
815:
807:
803:
799:, pp. 2–4.
795:
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414:in the village
360:was accused of
236:
215:Kalán Bár-Kalán
161:
24:
17:
12:
11:
5:
1201:
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844:
831:
821:
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816:
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789:
777:
775:, p. 118.
765:
753:
751:, p. 229.
741:
729:
717:
715:, p. 100.
705:
703:, p. 105.
693:
676:
661:
646:
644:, p. 117.
634:
619:
617:, p. 116.
607:
595:
583:
581:, p. 107.
571:
569:, p. 115.
559:
557:, p. 114.
544:
529:
516:
514:, p. 311.
500:
498:
495:
483:Battle of Mohi
439:
436:
350:excommunicated
344:(Spalato) and
235:
232:
160:
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120:
119:
118:Stephen I Győr
116:
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109:Roman Catholic
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902:963-208-970-7
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845:963-446-174-3
841:
837:
832:
828:
823:
822:
810:
805:
798:
793:
787:, p. 87.
786:
781:
774:
769:
763:, p. 57.
762:
757:
750:
745:
738:
733:
727:, p. 85.
726:
721:
714:
713:Szabados 1999
709:
702:
701:Szabados 1999
697:
691:, p. 84.
690:
685:
683:
681:
674:, p. 83.
673:
668:
666:
659:, p. 84.
658:
653:
651:
643:
638:
632:, p. 56.
631:
626:
624:
616:
611:
605:, p. 89.
604:
599:
593:, p. 86.
592:
587:
580:
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563:
556:
551:
549:
542:, p. 82.
541:
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376:Vác Cathedral
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326:excommunicate
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211:protonotarius
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72:Other post(s)
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67:
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50:
46:
42:
38:
34:
31:
27:
20:
1178:Győr (genus)
1077:
1050:
1015:
993:
986:
979:
954:
951:
939:
936:
915:
911:
893:
890:
869:
865:
857:
854:
835:
826:
811:, p. 7.
804:
792:
785:Udvardy 1991
780:
768:
761:C. Tóth 2001
756:
744:
737:Udvardy 1991
732:
725:Udvardy 1991
720:
708:
696:
689:Udvardy 1991
672:Udvardy 1991
657:Zsoldos 2011
637:
630:C. Tóth 2001
610:
603:Udvardy 1991
598:
591:Zsoldos 2011
586:
579:Zsoldos 2011
574:
562:
555:Kubinyi 1975
540:Udvardy 1991
524:
519:
487:
478:Joseph Braun
459:
441:
432:canonization
412:Saint George
381:
307:
284:Augustinians
254:(today Bač,
237:
228:corroboratio
227:
219:
210:
196:
165:
162:
124:
123:
105:Denomination
1153:1202 deaths
1125:Catholicism
773:Juhász 1930
642:Juhász 1930
615:Juhász 1930
567:Juhász 1930
392:Győr County
384:Benedictine
367:Roman Curia
314:Duke Andrew
207:Cistercians
180:King Emeric
168:(clan) Győr
95:Nationality
52:Predecessor
1147:Categories
1017:Chancellor
981:Genus Győr
922:: 85–111.
876:: 59–121.
809:Buzás 2014
797:Buzás 2014
749:Markó 2006
525:Genealógia
512:Markó 2006
497:References
448:Ernő Foerk
420:indulgence
234:Archbishop
159:Early life
90:early 1202
44:Term ended
1113:Biography
928:0039-8098
882:0024-1512
491:Carbon-14
330:interdict
318:civil war
316:. In the
176:Alexander
129:Hungarian
99:Hungarian
62:Successor
36:Installed
23:Saul Győr
989: ?
912:Századok
246:and the
1137:Hungary
1099:Portals
1062:Crispin
1044:Stephen
1027:Katapán
818:Sources
523:Engel:
470:Anno II
461:pallium
452:crosier
260:Kalocsa
223:Crispin
149:Romania
115:Parents
1010:Adrian
992:
960:
926:
899:
880:
842:
466:Astrik
438:Legacy
388:Lébény
362:simony
310:Emeric
303:Lébény
264:Fabian
256:Serbia
184:Csépán
172:Maurus
1072:Peter
1021:1188
996:1202
994:Died:
987:Born:
918:(1).
872:(1).
456:paten
416:Lhota
346:Zadar
342:Split
268:tithe
258:) to
240:Peter
145:Cenad
143:(now
56:Peter
1089:John
976:Saul
958:ISBN
924:ISSN
897:ISBN
878:ISSN
840:ISBN
442:The
428:John
336:and
252:Bács
190:and
166:gens
87:Died
66:John
47:1202
39:1192
1046:(?)
916:133
352:by
192:Pat
147:in
1149::
870:46
679:^
664:^
649:^
622:^
547:^
532:^
504:^
472:,
390:,
131::
1101::
966:.
945:.
930:.
905:.
884:.
848:.
127:(
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