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39:
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305:
209:
the drawing board" i. e. without requiring prototypes to be produced and flown first. Supermarine's commitment to the
Spitfire meant that work was not expected to start for two years and so the Ministry looked to the other designs. Saunders-Roe had redesigned the S.36 in the meantime—replacing low hull and
272:
On one engine, the
Lerwick could not maintain height, nor could it maintain a constant heading, as the controls could not counter the torque of one engine on maximum power. An engine failure would inevitably see the aircraft flying in slowly descending circles. On one occasion, the loss of an engine
208:
was a radical design that offered much better performance, by reducing the drag associated with a flying boat hull and so a prototype was ordered to test the concept. Of the other designs the
Supermarine was the first choice with Saro and Shorts tied in second place. The Supermarine was ordered "off
256:
The first three aircraft were used as prototypes, with the first being launched on 31 October 1938, after numerous delays during design and construction. The
Lerwick was immediately found to be unstable in the air, on the water and not suited to "hands off" flying. The latter was a major problem in
248:
FN.8 turret in the dorsal position and four in the Nash & Thompson FN4.A turret at the tail. Offensive weapons were a total of 2,000 pounds (910 kg) of bombs or depth charges – four 500-pound (230 kg) or eight 250-pound (110 kg) bombs, or four depth charges, carried in two
324:; the squadron soon began losing aircraft to accidents. During the service with 209 Squadron, all the Lerwicks were grounded twice for urgent safety modifications; on only two occasions were U-boats attacked by a Lerwick and neither submarine was damaged.
293:. By October, the squadron had stopped flying them and reverted to its older and slower Saro London flying boats. The Lerwick programme was cancelled on 24 October but restarted on 1 November. In December 1939, Air Vice-Marshal
269:. In service, several aircraft were lost because of wing floats breaking off, suggesting this was a structural weakness. Persistent problems with the hydraulics resulted in bomb doors sometimes dropping open during flight.
763:
Sank after an emergency touch–down in the
Bristol Channel – an engine partially broke loose from its mountings and one of the propeller blades slashed the fuselage. The aircraft slowly sank: the crew were rescued by
213:
with a deep body and high wing—and the
Supermarine order was transferred to the S.36. The contract was issued in June 1937 to buy 21 of the S.36, receiving the service name Lerwick (after the town of
331:. The last of a total of 21 Lerwicks was delivered in May but the type was withdrawn from front-line service in the same month. Most of the remaining Lerwicks were transferred to Number 4 (Coastal)
169:
R.1/36 (to meet
Operational Requirement 32) was issued in March 1936 to several companies that had experience in building flying boats. The specification was for a medium-range flying boat for
158:
but it was a flawed design and only a small number were built. They had a poor service record and a high accident rate; of 21 aircraft, 10 were lost to accidents and one for an unknown reason.
221:
of all-metal construction, with a conventional flying boat hull, a planing bottom and two stabilising floats, carried under the wings on long struts. It was powered by two
297:
recommended that the
Lerwicks be scrapped and Saunders-Roe put to building Short Sunderlands but the production change would have taken months and with the start of the
1715:
858:
but one engine failed to respond. A wingtip struck the water and the aircraft was spun around, opening a gash in the hull. The crew climbed out through the
1457:
257:
an aircraft designed for long-range patrols. Numerous adjustments, including the addition of a greatly enlarged single fin and an increase in the wing
294:
189:. The specification called for a cruise speed of 230 miles per hour (370 km/h) and a weight of no more than 25,000 pounds (11,000 kg).
520:
780 imp gal (937 US gal; 3,546 L) normal ; 1,440 imp gal (1,729 US gal; 6,546 L) overload
1740:
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14-cylinder air-cooled radial piston engines, 1,356 hp (1,011 kW) each at 2,750 rpm at 4,000 ft (1,219 m)
1735:
1341:
821:, killing six RAF personnel and a civilian technician. An investigation was unable to find the cause for the engine failure.
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Eleven of the 21 Lerwicks built were lost or written off during the three years the type saw operational service.
621:
832:
Sank at its moorings during a gale; salvaged in
December 1941. Struck off charge in 1942 as being beyond repair
366:. By the end of 1942, the type had been declared obsolete; by early 1943, the survivors had been scrapped.
17:
1730:
1482:
447:
350:
In mid-1942, the
Lerwicks were briefly returned to service, for the purpose of operational training with
332:
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3-bladed de Havilland Hydromatic, 13 ft 6 in (4.11 m) diameter constant-speed propellers
241:
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690:. A wing float broke off as it touched down, the aircraft rolled upside down and four crew died.
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1336:(The Aeroplane; & Flight Magazine Aviation Archive Series). London: Key Publishing, 2015.
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British Warplanes of World War II: Combat Aircraft of the RAf and Fleet Air Arm, 1939–1945
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Wing float broke off while taxiing after landing, rolled over and sank in Ardentrive Bay,
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1,540 mi (2,480 km, 1,340 nmi) at 200 mph (174 kn; 322 km/h)
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calibration flight the starboard engine failed. Unable to maintain height on one engine,
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Flying with No. 4 (C)OTU, it was written off after crashing during landing
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144:
75:
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339:; three were sent to 240 Squadron for service trials at the highly-secret
1599:
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1216:
Bussy, Geoffrey, " 'Forgotten' Flying Boat: Saro's Unfortunate Lerwick",
862:
and swam toward shore as the aircraft sank, but were picked up by a boat
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duties to replace the Royal Air Force's biplane flying boats such as the
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787:, following failure of the port engine. Six of the crew were killed.
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614:
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741:
Sank after an accident during take-off on Loch Ryan; two crew died.
730:
Sank, when it lost a wing float in a gale while moored on Loch Ryan
671:, sank after launching as a camera hatch was left open; written off
1172:. Royal Commission for Ancient and Historical Monuments in Scotland
1150:. Royal Commission for Ancient and Historical Monuments in Scotland
1128:. Royal Commission for Ancient and Historical Monuments in Scotland
810:
818:
705:; no casualties. The aircraft was recovered but was a total loss
702:
667:
Operating with the Marine Aircraft Experimental Establishment at
214:
1321:. Sparkford, near Yeovil, Somerset, UK: Patrick Stephens, 1991.
1220:, Stamford, Lincs, UK, Number 124, July–August 2006, pp. 25, 27.
752:
Went missing while on patrol in good weather with a crew of 14
383:
304:
229:
174:
1428:,1982 (republished 1994 by Chancellor Press, reprinted 2002).
1363:
War Planes of the Second World War, Volume Five: Flying Boats
854:
Lost during an aborted landing, the pilot increased power to
1422:
The Hamlyn Concise Guide to British Aircraft of World War II
1319:
Aircraft for the Few: The RAF's Fighters and Bombers in 1940
1409:. Hoo, nr Rochester, Kent, UK: Aerospace Publishing, 1998.
687:
317:
278:
232:. For defence, the Lerwick was equipped with three powered
817:
hit telegraph wires before crashing into a hillside above
1394:. London: Putnam (Conway Maritime Press), London, 1988.
1148:"Saro Lerwick I, Ardantrive Bay, Kerrera, Firth of Lorn"
249:
streamlined nacelles behind the engines, similar to the
217:). The aircraft was a compact twin-engined, high-winged
1348:
British Secret Projects: Fighters and Bombers 1935–1950
783:
Operating with No. 4 (C)OTU, crashed into the sea near
312:
Production continued and the type entered service with
1072:
1070:
1068:
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1012:
1010:
273:
forced a Lerwick to make an emergency landing in the
872:
541:
1,272 hp (949 kW) at 2,800 rpm for takeoff
1365:. London: Macdonald, 1962 (Fifth impression 1972).
1063:
890:
Aircraft of comparable role, configuration, and era
327:In April 1941, 209 Squadron began receiving the US
1007:
1192:"P. O. Ronald John Fyfe and the Saro Lerwick S36"
1707:
772:after spending 24 hours in an inflatable dingy.
456:
443: : Three Lerwicks used for service trials.
1716:1930s British military reconnaissance aircraft
1497:
192:Designs were tendered by Saunders-Roe (S.36),
1483:
289:In mid-1939, four Lerwicks were allocated to
624:in a dorsal turret and four in a tail turret
147:(Saro). It was intended to be used with the
1306:. Shepperton, Surrey, UK: Ian Allan, 1979.
798:Sank after striking a rock during taxi-ing
1490:
1476:
425:Marine Aircraft Experimental Establishment
341:Marine Aircraft Experimental Establishment
236:. The nose turret had a single 0.303 inch
47:, ‘WQ-Q’ of 209 Squadron. Taking off from
1109:
576:166 mph (267 km/h, 144 kn)
570:214 mph (344 km/h, 186 kn)
464:Saunders Roe and Saro Aircraft since 1917
161:
630:2,000 lb (907 kg) of bombs or
303:
923:List of aircraft of the Royal Air Force
308:Lerwick in the markings of 209 squadron
281:at the end of a string of coal barges.
65:Maritime patrol/Anti-submarine aircraft
14:
1708:
484:63 ft 7.5 in (19.393 m)
284:
1471:
1392:Saunders and Saro Aircraft Since 1917
1274:"Life and Times of 422 Squadron RCAF"
1036:"Life and Times of 422 Squadron RCAF"
637:
265:and unsatisfactory rates of roll and
1741:Twin piston-engined tractor aircraft
1350:Midland Publishing. Hinckley. 2004.
928:List of flying boats and floatplanes
682:Made an emergency touch–down in the
490:80 ft 10 in (24.64 m)
1093:. AEROWARE/RCAF.com. Archived from
301:, aircraft were urgently required.
24:
496:20 ft 0 in (6.10 m)
25:
1752:
1441:
809:First Lerwick built. While on an
502:845 sq ft (78.5 m)
277:. The aircraft was then towed to
918:List of aircraft of World War II
875:
410:
376:
228:and initially had twin fins and
37:
1463:Lerwick on the site of the RCAF
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1126:"Saro Lerwick I, Firth of Lorn"
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514:33,200 lb (15,059 kg)
508:28,400 lb (12,882 kg)
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594:880 ft/min (4.5 m/s)
13:
1:
1453:The Lerwick on History of War
933:
588:14,000 ft (4,300 m)
457:Specifications (Saro Lerwick)
1736:Aircraft first flown in 1938
369:
7:
1380:. Sutton Publishers. 2003.
1334:Flying Boats of World War 2
1170:"Saro Lerwick I, Loch Ryan"
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1448:British Aircraft Directory
1233:. Air Crash Sites Scotland
649:
619:.303 in (7.7 mm)
612:.303 in (7.7 mm)
240:; the other two had 0.303
167:Air Ministry Specification
1680:
1649:
1608:
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1506:
1231:"SARO A.36 Lerwick L7248"
896:Consolidated PBY Catalina
617:gun in bow turret, two ×
448:Operational Training Unit
333:Operational Training Unit
137:Saunders-Roe A.36 Lerwick
125:
117:
109:
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31:
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716:Sank at its moorings in
391:Royal Canadian Air Force
360:Royal Canadian Air Force
90:Royal Canadian Air Force
1458:British Aircraft of WW2
469:General characteristics
1304:Coastal Command at War
309:
162:Design and development
1329:. (pp. 148–151.)
1317:Bowyer, Michael J.F.
622:Browning machine guns
401:No. 423 Squadron RCAF
396:No. 422 Squadron RCAF
329:Consolidated Catalina
307:
242:Browning machine guns
187:Supermarine Stranraer
1378:British Flying Boats
1253:"Saro Lerwick L7257"
1115:London 1988, p. 189.
1076:London 2003, p. 186.
1060:London 2003, p. 174.
1025:London 2003, p. 183.
1016:London 2003, p. 185.
1004:Bowyer 1991, p. 149.
995:London 2003, p. 173.
977:London 2003, p. 172.
441:No. 240 Squadron RAF
435:No. 209 Squadron RAF
145:Saunders-Roe Limited
1575:A.22 Segrave Meteor
1426:Hamlyn (publishers)
1373:. (pp. 84–87.)
686:, 5 miles west of
646:
528:Bristol Hercules II
512:Max takeoff weight:
320:in 1940, replacing
285:Operational history
246:Nash & Thompson
57:General information
1731:High-wing aircraft
1681:Cancelled projects
1198:on 22 October 2012
901:Martin PBM Mariner
645:
638:Operational losses
310:
259:angle of incidence
251:Martin PBM Mariner
244:, two guns in the
198:Blackburn Aircraft
1703:
1702:
1499:Saunders-Roe/Saro
1405:March, Daniel J.
866:
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133:
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110:Introduction date
16:(Redirected from
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1436:. (p. 181.)
1417:. (p. 191.)
1361:Green, William.
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1280:on 23 April 2009
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1420:Mondey, David.
1390:London, Peter.
1376:London, Peter.
1342:978 1909786 110
1332:Burney, Allan.
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1356:1-85780-179-2
1353:
1349:
1345:
1343:
1339:
1335:
1331:
1328:
1327:1-85260-040-3
1324:
1320:
1316:
1313:
1312:0-7110-0980-5
1309:
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1279:
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956:
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929:
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916:
915:
914:
913:
912:Related lists
907:
906:Dornier Do 24
904:
902:
899:
897:
894:
893:
892:
891:
884:
873:
861:
857:
853:
850:
846:
842:
840:L7265 (WQ-Q)
839:
835:
831:
829:L7257 (WQ-F)
828:
824:
820:
816:
808:
805:
801:
797:
794:
790:
786:
782:
779:
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771:
769:
762:
759:
755:
751:
749:L7263 (WQ-L)
748:
744:
740:
737:
733:
729:
727:L7255 (WQ-A)
726:
722:
719:
715:
712:
708:
704:
700:
697:
693:
689:
685:
684:Firth of Lorn
681:
679:L7253 (WQ-G)
678:
674:
670:
666:
663:
659:
648:
643:
633:
632:depth charges
629:
626:
623:
620:
616:
613:
609:
606:
605:
604:
601:
593:
590:
587:
584:
581:
578:
575:
574:Cruise speed:
572:
569:
566:
565:
564:
562:
554:
551:
550:
540:
539:
538:
537:
536:
535:
534:
533:
529:
525:
522:
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516:
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510:
507:
506:Gross weight:
504:
501:
498:
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492:
489:
486:
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480:
477:
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470:
465:
463:
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264:
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247:
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239:
238:Vickers K gun
235:
231:
227:
224:
220:
216:
212:
207:
203:
199:
195:
190:
188:
184:
180:
176:
175:convoy escort
172:
168:
159:
157:
154:
150:
146:
142:
138:
128:
124:
121:November 1938
120:
116:
112:
108:
103:
99:
95:
91:
87:
84:
82:Primary users
80:
77:
74:
72:
68:
64:
60:
55:
50:
46:
40:
35:
30:
27:
19:
1721:Flying boats
1620:
1535:A.3 Valkyrie
1421:
1406:
1391:
1377:
1362:
1347:
1333:
1318:
1303:
1296:Bibliography
1282:. Retrieved
1278:the original
1268:
1256:. Retrieved
1247:
1235:. Retrieved
1225:
1217:
1212:
1200:. Retrieved
1196:the original
1186:
1174:. Retrieved
1164:
1152:. Retrieved
1142:
1130:. Retrieved
1120:
1111:
1099:. Retrieved
1095:the original
1090:
1081:
1056:
1044:. Retrieved
1040:the original
1030:
1021:
1000:
991:
982:
973:
964:
955:
946:
911:
910:
889:
888:
837:21 Dec 1941
826:11 Nov 1941
814:
803:21 Oct 1941
792:16 Oct 1941
777:14 Oct 1941
767:
757:24 Mar 1941
746:22 Feb 1941
710:21 Nov 1940
695:29 Jun 1940
676:20 Feb 1940
641:
627:
607:
599:
597:
591:
585:
579:
573:
567:
560:
558:
552:
523:
517:
511:
505:
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493:
487:
481:
475:
468:
466:
461:
460:
356:423 Squadron
352:422 Squadron
349:
326:
314:209 Squadron
311:
291:240 Squadron
288:
271:
255:
200:(b. 20) and
196:(Type 314),
191:
165:
136:
134:
118:First flight
97:Number built
76:Saunders-Roe
71:Manufacturer
51:, March 1941
44:
32:A.36 Lerwick
26:
18:Saro Lerwick
1650:Helicopters
1600:A.37 Shrimp
1585:A.27 London
1346:Buttler, T
1284:20 February
1101:9 September
1046:20 February
848:6 Sep 1942
785:Tarbat Ness
770: (F22)
735:7 Jan 1941
724:6 Dec 1940
661:1 Sep 1939
561:Performance
553:Propellers:
524:Powerplant:
437:: 1939–1941
362:, based at
345:Helensburgh
337:Invergordon
234:gun turrets
194:Supermarine
183:Saro London
141:flying boat
1710:Categories
1657:Helicogyre
1590:A.29 Cloud
1565:A.19 Cloud
1545:A.7 Severn
1540:A.4 Medina
934:References
669:Felixstowe
500:Wing area:
364:Lough Erne
1609:SR-series
1519:Kittiwake
860:astrodome
856:go-around
766:HMS
718:Loch Ryan
653:Aircraft
615:Vickers K
488:Wingspan:
462:Data from
370:Operators
316:based at
219:monoplane
211:gull wing
143:built by
49:Loch Ryan
1528:A-series
1501:aircraft
1237:10 April
1202:10 April
1176:10 April
1154:10 April
1132:10 April
1091:RCAF.com
869:See also
600:Armament
43:Lerwick
1696:(P.192)
1690:(P.131)
1688:Duchess
1667:Skeeter
819:Faslane
703:Kerrera
494:Height:
482:Length:
358:of the
230:rudders
215:Lerwick
126:Retired
105:History
1672:XROE-1
1641:SR.177
1616:SR.A/1
1432:
1413:
1398:
1384:
1369:
1354:
1340:
1325:
1310:
1258:16 May
851:L7267
806:L7248
795:L7254
780:L7268
768:Jackal
760:L7252
738:L7262
713:L7251
698:L7261
664:L7249
628:Bombs:
580:Range:
450:: 1941
415:
384:Canada
381:
204:. The
202:Shorts
1694:Queen
1662:P.531
1636:SR.53
1626:SR.44
939:Notes
815:L7248
650:Date
608:Guns:
476:Crew:
263:stall
45:L7265
1595:A.33
1555:A.14
1550:A.10
1430:ISBN
1411:ISBN
1396:ISBN
1382:ISBN
1367:ISBN
1352:ISBN
1338:ISBN
1323:ISBN
1308:ISBN
1286:2009
1260:2012
1239:2013
1204:2013
1178:2013
1156:2013
1134:2013
1103:2009
1048:2009
811:MAEE
688:Oban
610:One
526:2 ×
354:and
318:Oban
279:Oban
185:and
177:and
135:The
129:1942
113:1940
62:Type
1514:T.1
478:6-9
343:at
335:at
267:yaw
151:in
1712::
1424:.
1089:.
1065:^
1009:^
347:.
253:.
173:,
100:21
1491:e
1484:t
1477:v
1402:.
1358:.
1288:.
1262:.
1241:.
1206:.
1180:.
1158:.
1136:.
1105:.
1050:.
20:)
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