603:— for a "fact-finding" meeting with Pasquel; the raids on the Cardinals stopped, but Breadon was hit with a $ 5,000 fine and a 30-day suspension by Chandler, although both punishments were quickly rescinded. Lanier, Klein and Martin, meanwhile, were banned by Chandler from Organized Baseball for jumping their contracts; they would not be reinstated until June 5, 1949.
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Breadon died in St. Louis 18 months later at the age of 72. As it turned out, the ballpark fund nearly forced the
Cardinals out of town. When the tax dodge that made the purchase possible came to light, Saigh—who by this time was sole owner—was forced to put the Cardinals on the market. Just as it
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as tenants of the
American League Browns. By the 1940s, Breadon chafed at this arrangement, since the Cardinals had long since passed the Browns as St. Louis' favorite baseball team. He set aside $ 5 million to build a new park, but was unable to find any land. By November 1947, he was facing the
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After Rickey's departure, Breadon played an active role in the
Cardinals' baseball operations through World War II and into the postwar era. But, apart from winning the 1946 championship, Breadon's final two years as the Redbirds' owner were fraught with difficulty. The Cardinals remained pennant
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and two World Series titles — the
Cardinals treaded water in attendance, although exceeding the National League average, from 1942–1945. However, with their on-field success and the advent of radio in the 1930s, they would develop a fanatical regional following, their appeal extending beyond
425:'s Yankees in a Fall Classic, taking the series four games to one. That season marked the last year of the Breadon-Rickey tandem; their relationship had begun to fray during the late 1930s, when Breadon sold his automobile dealerships and became more involved in his baseball team, and
305:, and he would be elected to the Hall of Fame in 1962 for his credentials as a manager. (Hornsby and Frisch were elected to the Hall on the strength of their brilliant playing careers, and in 2008 Southworth would enter the Cooperstown shrine posthumously for his managerial success.)
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of the
Cardinals beginning in 1919; Breadon succeeded him as club president in 1920. Later that year, he bought enough stock to become the largest shareholder. Though it took him until 1922 to acquire controlling interest, from 1920 onward he was the head of the franchise.
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Rickey worked for
Breadon until the end of 1942. Breadon ceded Rickey wide-ranging authority in baseball matters, but Breadon always reserved the right to choose the team's field manager. In addition to Hornsby, he would select men such as
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Despite their success on the field, the 1931–1945 Cardinals were frequently plagued by low attendance. Although they were by far the dominant team, they shared St. Louis, the smallest, two-team market in the major leagues, with the
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era that won 106, 105 and 105 games in consecutive years, along with their three NL pennants and two World Series championships. The 1942 Cardinals were the only
National League champion to ever defeat
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In 1917, he also became a minority investor – for $ 2,000 – in the
Cardinals, then a struggling, second-division team chronically strapped for resources. But the club's enterprising young president,
436:. With Rickey's contract as general manager set to expire at the end of October 1942, Breadon notified him that he would have to take a cut in pay. Instead, Rickey moved to the
459:", one of the most memorable teams in MLB history—drawing only 325,000 fans. Breadon seriously explored selling the team in 1934; then, after his Cardinals had defeated the
652:—to sell the Cardinals to him, under the pretense of avoiding the potentially hefty tax bill. To ease Breadon's nerves, Saigh took on another prominent St. Louisan, former
588:, the league's founder, offered Musial (then making $ 11,500 a year) a $ 50,000 bonus to jump the Cardinals; the young superstar was tempted, but rejected Pasquel's offer.
659:, as a minority partner. Satisfied, Breadon sold the Cardinals to Saigh and Hannegan for $ 3 million–a handsome return on his original investment of 30 years earlier.
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to run the
Cardinals' bench. With one exception, all won world championships for St. Louis. The exception, McKechnie, was the Cards' losing skipper in the
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with another championship team and the postwar baseball boom, but the
Cardinals maintained their reputation for a tight-fisted control on player salaries.
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teams, from Class D to Class AA (then the highest-ranking minor league level), that it owned and controlled. This was the effective creation of the
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Both ideas came to nothing, however; the team remained in St. Louis and continued to struggle at the turnstiles, drawing only 291,000 fans in
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261:, Hornsby's Redbirds won the franchise's first-ever National League pennant and World Series championship, a seven-game triumph over the
219:, perfected by the Cardinals and — when the Redbirds came to dominate the National League — eventually copied by the 15 other MLB teams.
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by opening a repair garage. Transitioning into sales, he purchased the Western Automobile Company, prospered as the owner of
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to play in Major League Baseball since the 1880s. The idea of a strike had originated with Robinson's disaffected teammate,
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His Cardinals won more than 100 games four times: the 1931 world champions, and then the juggernaut 1942–43–44 teams of the
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Ferkovich, Scott, "The Cardinals Briefly Considered Leaving St. Louis ... and Moving to Detroit". VintageDetroit.com
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during a rare losing season, and not reaching pre-Depression attendance levels until the pennant-contending
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prospect of having to pay taxes on his fund unless he started construction on a park. When tax attorney
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of any owner in franchise history at .570. His teams totaled 2,470 wins and 1,830 losses.
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137:) (July 26, 1876 – May 8, 1949) was an American executive who served as the president and
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Retrosimba (March 19, 2015), "Why the Cardinals Considered Relocating to Detroit"
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of 1.93. The Mexican League might have done even greater damage to the Redbirds.
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learned of this, he persuaded Breadon—who by this time was terminally ill from
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Rickey & Robinson: The True, Untold Story of the Integration of Baseball
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19:"Breadon" redirects here. For the ballpark in Pennsylvania, see
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Under Breadon, the Cardinals ruled the baseball world in 1926,
172:. Breadon's teams also established the highest regular season
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Lincoln, Neb.: University of Nebraska Press, 2007. Page 162
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BaseballAlmanac.com, "St. Louis Cardinals Attendance Data"
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161:'s doormats to a premier power in baseball, winning nine
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For his entire tenure as owner, the Cardinals played in
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cracked down on Rickey's farm system, making 74 players
1009:
The Team-by-Team Encyclopedia of Major League Baseball
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Lincoln, Neb.: The University of Nebraska Press, 2007.
615:, Breadon learned that some of his players planned to
718:"St. Louis Cardinals Team History & Encyclopedia"
595:— without the permission of Commissioner of Baseball
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The move was highly successful. Rickey would forge a
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451:. Their home attendance also was devastated by the
297:(obtained from the Giants in the Hornsby trade) and
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486:interrupted the momentum and — despite their three
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184:Of Scottish and Irish descent, Breadon was born in
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204:dealerships, and became a self-made millionaire.
879:The Pride of Havana: A History of Cuban Baseball,
576:. When Lanier defected in May, he had thrown six
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1318:Deaths from prostate cancer in the United States
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555:, signed away three important Cardinal players:
196:at the turn of the 20th century and entered the
955:Jefferson, NC, McFarland & Company (2016).
893:"Interview with Stanley F. Musial, May 17, 1978
805:Branch Rickey: Baseball's Ferocious Gentleman.
686:Branch Rickey: Baseball's Ferocious Gentleman.
455:, with the 1934 world champions—the colorful "
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243:in contemporary terms — and promoted star
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188:and raised in a working-class family in
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257:career as a general manager, while, in
16:American baseball executive (1876–1949)
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1047:Society for American Baseball Research
952:Frick*: Baseball's Third Commissioner.
772:Society for American Baseball Research
1333:Major League Baseball team presidents
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900:Louie B. Nunn Center for Oral History
877:Gonzalez Echevarria, Roberto (2001),
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740:"Breakout selected from 1920 to 1947"
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706:State of Missouri Death Certificate
619:rather than take the field against
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1303:Businesspeople from New York City
1053:Biography - Baseball Hall of Fame
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580:victories in six starts, with an
536:Attendance was about to spike in
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1323:Major League Baseball executives
607:Abortive strike against Robinson
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223:President/owner of the Cardinals
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599:and National League president
591:In June 1946, Breadon flew to
180:Successful Pierce-Arrow dealer
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663:appeared they were moving to
1328:Major League Baseball owners
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635:Sale to Saigh and Hannegan
543:That season, the "outlaw"
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495:and throughout the lower
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720:. Baseball-Reference.com
547:, operating outside the
465:that year's World Series
427:Commissioner of Baseball
1237:Helene Hathaway Britton
1130:Helene Hathaway Britton
816:Feldmann, Doug (2000).
511:states and much of the
430:Kenesaw Mountain Landis
1049:Team Ownership Project
1007:Purdy, Dennis (2006).
904:University of Kentucky
820:. McFarland & Co.
745:Baseball-Reference.com
227:Rickey also served as
891:William J. Marshall,
255:Baseball Hall of Fame
147:Major League Baseball
99:Samuel Wilson Breadon
90:Major League Baseball
973:Kahn, Roger (2014).
916:Kahn, Roger (2014).
549:"Organized Baseball"
532:Mexican League raids
250:to playing manager.
1220:St. Louis Cardinals
1097:St. Louis Cardinals
950:Carvalho, John P.,
671:and its president,
524:contenders through
198:automobile industry
143:St. Louis Cardinals
78:St. Louis, Missouri
1176:William DeWitt Jr.
1144:Robert E. Hannegan
654:Postmaster General
582:earned run average
551:structure and its
174:winning percentage
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1112:Chris von der Ahe
1011:. New York City:
992:978-1-62336-297-3
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935:978-1-62336-297-3
774:Biography Project
303:1928 World Series
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722:. Retrieved
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72:(1949-05-08)
1298:1949 deaths
1293:1876 births
1247:Sam Breadon
1137:Sam Breadon
593:Mexico City
567:Fred Martin
434:free agents
399:Stan Musial
395:Terry Moore
391:Johnny Mize
387:Joe Medwick
371:Chick Hafey
217:farm system
163:NL pennants
149:(MLB) from
70:May 8, 1949
30:Sam Breadon
1287:Categories
1225:presidents
1155:Fred Saigh
1148:Fred Saigh
906:Libraries.
751:October 6,
693:References
646:Fred Saigh
601:Ford Frick
560:Max Lanier
363:Dizzy Dean
299:Eddie Dyer
271:Lou Gehrig
92:team owner
86:Occupation
54:1876-07-26
1101:franchise
611:Then, in
574:Lou Klein
513:Southwest
505:Louisiana
267:Babe Ruth
194:St. Louis
940:Page 114
564:swingman
501:Arkansas
493:Missouri
488:pennants
165:and six
153:through
135:BRAY-din
1093:of the
1013:Workman
881:page 21
778:30 July
497:Midwest
469:Detroit
229:manager
141:of the
1146:&
1121:&
1019:
989:
983:Rodale
959:
932:
926:Rodale
824:
617:strike
507:, the
449:Browns
409:, and
1119:Frank
1017:ISBN
987:ISBN
957:ISBN
930:ISBN
822:ISBN
780:2018
753:2013
726:2013
613:1947
569:and
538:1946
526:1949
480:1941
476:1938
357:and
355:Mort
343:1943
341:and
339:1930
335:1928
331:1946
329:and
327:1944
323:1942
319:1934
315:1931
269:and
259:1926
237:1925
155:1947
151:1920
80:, US
67:Died
48:Born
463:in
265:of
235:In
145:of
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