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built in 706 CE provides one of the earliest withstanding example of a Sahn. The 122.5 meter long and 50 meter wide rectangular courtyard of the mosque is surrounded by a colonnaded portico (
1382:
2954:, and different eras and cultures – but the basic function of security and privacy remain the same. The sahn can be a private garden, a service yard, and a summer season outdoor
4728:
3160:. They can provide a place for various civic uses such as public gatherings, celebrations, and protests, open air markets and festivals, and transportation links.
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The inner courtyard is not a religiously prescribed architectural feature, and some mosques, especially since the twentieth century, do not have a
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was used for dwellings, as a secure and private setting within a residence compound's walls. Ruins of houses in
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3015:. It is then a protected and proscribed place where the women of the house need not be covered in the
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Traditional
Islamic neighborhoods can have a dedicated central open space, a communally private
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on all sides. In traditional
Islamic design, residences and neighborhoods can have private
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and gives direct or stairway access to it. Upper floor rooms may also view it through
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3128:), only for the neighbourhood's residents, usually consisting of members of the same
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Most mosque courtyards (sahn) contained a public fountain where
Muslims performed
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began to influence
Islamic cultures' residential and public buildings' designs.
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3273:"The Distinctive Typology of Central Omani Mosques: Its Nature and Antecedents"
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is a common element in religious buildings and residences throughout the
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arcade on all sides. They also contain fountain water basins, such as a
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in
Islamic architecture continued until the mid-twentieth century, when
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Usually the main entrance of the house does not lead directly to the
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in many cultures around the world. Ancient examples are the Greek
3140:
The idea of public open space, central in the middle of a city, a
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144:
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3743:
3719:
3600:
3197:
M. Bloom, Jonathan; S. Blair, Sheila, eds. (2009). "Mosque".
3153:
3145:
3129:
3016:
2965:. It is reached through a broken or curved corridor called a
2871:
2810:
Courtyard of the
Umayyad Mosque, view from east towards west.
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2001:
1991:
1505:
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944:
305:
280:
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2758:
3199:
3122:
3037:, or pool of water, in the middle. The residence's
3001:
2979:
2941:
2878:
2762:
2675:
3271:Bandyopadhyay, Soumyen; Sibley, Magda (July 2002).
3270:
49:. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.
2862:Almost every historic or traditional mosque has a
5070:
3196:
5015:Traditional water sources of Persian antiquity
3277:Proceedings of the Seminar for Arabian Studies
3047:veranda of three walls, usually overlooks the
2742:. But more commonly it means "plate", "dish".
4571:
3400:
2985:). This lets residents admit guests into the
2640:
5010:Traditional Persian residential architecture
3019:clothing traditionally necessary in public.
3011:or reception room, without seeing into the
2738:The word Sahn (صَحْن) means a courtyard in
4578:
4564:
3407:
3393:
2870:countries' mosques was carried on to most
2647:
2633:
2059:On the Harmony of Religions and Philosophy
3148:, is part of historical and contemporary
109:Learn how and when to remove this message
4585:
3414:
3221:
2927:
2835:
2722:, used in urban and rural settings. The
120:
5071:
2034:Encyclopedia of the Brethren of Purity
4559:
3388:
3353:Grafman and Rosen-Ayalon, 1999, p. 7.
3178:Index: Islamic architectural elements
2923:
2932:Sahn of the Baz Bahadur's Palace in
47:adding citations to reliable sources
18:
3117:
2996:
2974:
2670:
2039:The Incoherence of the Philosophers
1694:National literatures of Arab States
13:
4443:Influences on Western architecture
3224:Dictionary of Islamic architecture
3215:
3190:
2958:for the family or entertaining.
2874:countries' mosque architecture.
2044:The Incoherence of the Incoherence
14:
5115:
4666:
4539:
4526:
3614:
3075:, in present-day Spain, include
2858:(fountain pool) and domed riwaq.
2831:
2799:
2788:Great Umayyad Mosque of Damascus
170:
23:
4412:Aga Khan Award for Architecture
3094:
34:needs additional citations for
5104:Islamic architectural elements
3356:
3347:
3334:The Metropolitan Museum of Art
3322:
3302:
3264:
3240:
2726:is its equivalent in European
1:
3310:"Almaany (Arabic dictionary)"
3183:
3174:: central space in a building
2730:and its religious buildings.
16:Islamic architectural feature
4504:Sudano-Sahelian architecture
2899:cleansing and performing of
2733:
7:
5048:List of ab anbars of Qazvin
3201:. Oxford University Press.
3163:
3123:
3026:is usually surrounded by a
3002:
2980:
2942:
2879:
2763:
2697:, which is surrounded by a
2676:
2209:One Thousand and One Nights
10:
5120:
3872:Islamic geometric patterns
3226:. Routledge. p. 247.
2767:have been found, from the
2745:
1972:Arcs of Descent and Ascent
1039:Andalusian classical music
965:Arabic musical instruments
296:Islamic geometric patterns
5023:
4997:
4831:
4711:
4675:
4664:
4626:
4600:
4593:
4517:
4461:
4430:
4404:
4354:
4306:Dar al-Shifa (Bimaristan)
4283:
4167:
4160:
4086:
4043:
3992:
3940:
3818:
3734:
3685:
3623:
3612:
3593:
3586:
3422:
3222:Petersen, Andrew (1996).
2019:The Theology of Aristotle
1486:Pre-Islamic Arabic poetry
1383:Love in Arabic literature
632:Arabic geometric patterns
595:Islamic hardstone carving
526:Ancient South Arabian art
4422:Museum with No Frontiers
3368:Museum With No Frontiers
2826:
1388:Arabic erotic literature
585:Palestinian wood carving
4533:Architecture portal
3022:In urban settings, the
1895:Islamic Aristotelianism
1890:Early Arabic Philosophy
4438:Indo-Saracenic Revival
3838:(multicoloured ashlar)
2937:
2883:are surrounded by the
2859:
2778:a ritual purification
2532:South Arabian deities
2054:Theologus Autodidactus
935:Rhythm in Arabic music
148:
4175:Congregational mosque
3633:(four-arch structure)
2931:
2839:
2728:medieval architecture
2693:have a large central
2361:North Arabian deities
2265:Fictional Arab people
2104:Atlantis of the Sands
2029:The Book of the Apple
610:Islamic ivory carving
124:
5099:Islamic architecture
5094:Architecture in Iran
5058:List of ziyarat-gahs
5005:Islamic architecture
4587:Iranian architecture
4499:Ottoman architecture
4489:Moorish architecture
4484:Islamic architecture
4479:Iranian architecture
3902:Sebka (Darj-wa-ktaf)
3756:(or müezzin mahfili)
3416:Islamic architecture
3085:Court of the Myrtles
3077:World Heritage Sites
2913:for drinking water.
2687:Islamic architecture
1491:Modern Arabic poetry
1166:Gnawa (North Africa)
1007:Classical Arab music
43:improve this article
5089:Arabic architecture
5084:Mosque architecture
4998:Theory and analysis
4536: •
4523: •
4509:Yemeni architecture
4494:Mughal architecture
4474:Berber architecture
4469:Arabic architecture
4133:Salsabil (fountain)
3867:Islamic calligraphy
2897:ritual purification
2877:Traditional mosque
2866:. The use of it in
2821:Modern architecture
2769:Third Dynasty of Ur
2164:Iram of the Pillars
1423:Mirrors for princes
970:Great Book of Music
703:(Arabian Peninsula)
291:Islamic calligraphy
5031:Architects of Iran
4832:Traditional cities
4210:Kuttab (or maktab)
3081:Court of the Lions
2938:
2924:Residential design
2860:
2794:) on three sides.
2286:Altaïr Ibn-La'Ahad
2114:Beast of the Earth
2069:Sicilian Questions
1900:Islamic Platonism
1853:Arabic mathematics
1403:Arabic short story
1398:Literary_criticism
590:Islamic embroidery
560:Arabic calligraphy
149:
5066:
5065:
4662:
4661:
4553:
4552:
4400:
4399:
4156:
4155:
4143:Shading Umbrellas
3927:Stucco decoration
3827:For overview, see
3642:Four-centred arch
3061:covered windows.
2771:(2100–2000 BCE).
2657:
2656:
1957:Al-Insān al-Kāmil
1868:Arabic technology
1863:Arabic psychology
1848:Arabic Golden Age
615:Islamic Metalwork
371:Stucco decoration
119:
118:
111:
93:
5111:
5039:s, castles, and
4979:Takht-e Soleymān
4789:Persian Garden (
4670:
4598:
4597:
4580:
4573:
4566:
4557:
4556:
4546:Islam portal
4544:
4543:
4542:
4531:
4530:
4165:
4164:
3830:Islamic ornament
3709:South Asian dome
3637:Discharging arch
3618:
3591:
3590:
3435:Anatolian Seljuk
3409:
3402:
3395:
3386:
3385:
3379:
3378:
3376:
3374:
3364:"Umayyad Mosque"
3360:
3354:
3351:
3345:
3344:
3342:
3340:
3326:
3320:
3319:
3317:
3316:
3306:
3300:
3299:
3297:
3295:
3268:
3262:
3261:
3259:
3258:
3244:
3238:
3237:
3219:
3213:
3212:
3194:
3126:
3119:
3005:
2998:
2983:
2976:
2945:
2909:), and flowing
2882:
2803:
2766:
2750:Originally, the
2679:
2672:
2649:
2642:
2635:
2326:Princess Jasmine
2311:Layla and Majnun
2296:Hayy ibn Yaqdhan
2244:She-Camel of God
2239:Shams al-Ma'arif
2049:Hayy ibn Yaqdhan
1915:Sufi metaphysics
1843:Arabic geography
1838:Arabic astronomy
1833:Arabic astrology
1828:Arabic chemistry
1393:Arabic grimoires
1373:
1146:Chaabi (Morocco)
1141:Chaabi (Algeria)
925:Arab tone system
744:
736:
728:
720:
712:
704:
575:Arabic miniature
301:Islamic ornament
174:
151:
150:
133:, surrounded by
114:
107:
103:
100:
94:
92:
51:
27:
19:
5119:
5118:
5114:
5113:
5112:
5110:
5109:
5108:
5069:
5068:
5067:
5062:
5053:List of mosques
5019:
4993:
4827:
4707:
4671:
4658:
4622:
4589:
4584:
4554:
4549:
4540:
4538:
4525:
4513:
4457:
4448:Moorish Revival
4426:
4396:
4362:Albarrana tower
4350:
4279:
4266:in modern Iran)
4180:Dar al-Muwaqqit
4152:
4103:(fountain type)
4088:
4082:
4045:
4039:
4030:Reflecting pool
4025:Persian gardens
4020:Paradise garden
3988:
3965:(entrance hall)
3936:
3892:Nagash painting
3814:
3736:
3730:
3681:
3652:Lambrequin arch
3619:
3610:
3582:
3553:Sudano-Sahelian
3418:
3413:
3383:
3382:
3372:
3370:
3362:
3361:
3357:
3352:
3348:
3338:
3336:
3328:
3327:
3323:
3314:
3312:
3308:
3307:
3303:
3293:
3291:
3269:
3265:
3256:
3254:
3246:
3245:
3241:
3234:
3220:
3216:
3209:
3195:
3191:
3186:
3166:
3097:
2948:courtyard house
2926:
2834:
2829:
2813:
2812:
2811:
2809:
2804:
2748:
2736:
2653:
2624:
2623:
2622:
2526:Isāf and Nā'ila
2357:
2347:
2346:
2345:
2259:Zarqa al Yamama
2124:Book of Wonders
2093:
2083:
2082:
2081:
2079:
2014:Liber de Causis
1920:Sufi philosophy
1884:
1874:
1873:
1872:
1858:Arabic medicine
1822:
1812:
1811:
1810:
1371:
1365:Epic literature
1327:
1317:
1316:
1315:
1220:
1210:
1209:
1208:
1206:
1156:Fann at-Tanbura
975:Kitab al-Aghani
911:
901:
900:
899:
759:
749:
748:
742:
734:
726:
718:
710:
702:
696:
686:
685:
684:
682:
565:Arabic graffiti
517:
507:
506:
505:
503:
408:Albarrana tower
351:Reflecting pool
341:Nagash painting
233:
184:
115:
104:
98:
95:
52:
50:
40:
28:
17:
12:
11:
5:
5117:
5107:
5106:
5101:
5096:
5091:
5086:
5081:
5064:
5063:
5061:
5060:
5055:
5050:
5045:
5033:
5027:
5025:
5021:
5020:
5018:
5017:
5012:
5007:
5001:
4999:
4995:
4994:
4992:
4991:
4986:
4981:
4976:
4971:
4966:
4961:
4956:
4951:
4946:
4941:
4936:
4931:
4926:
4921:
4916:
4911:
4906:
4901:
4896:
4891:
4886:
4881:
4876:
4871:
4866:
4861:
4856:
4851:
4846:
4841:
4835:
4833:
4829:
4828:
4826:
4825:
4820:
4815:
4810:
4805:
4800:
4795:
4786:
4781:
4776:
4771:
4766:
4761:
4756:
4751:
4746:
4744:Dalan e Vorudi
4741:
4736:
4731:
4726:
4721:
4715:
4713:
4709:
4708:
4706:
4705:
4700:
4695:
4690:
4685:
4679:
4677:
4673:
4672:
4665:
4663:
4660:
4659:
4657:
4656:
4651:
4646:
4641:
4636:
4630:
4628:
4624:
4623:
4621:
4620:
4615:
4613:Parthian style
4610:
4604:
4602:
4595:
4591:
4590:
4583:
4582:
4575:
4568:
4560:
4551:
4550:
4518:
4515:
4514:
4512:
4511:
4506:
4501:
4496:
4491:
4486:
4481:
4476:
4471:
4465:
4463:
4462:Category pages
4459:
4458:
4456:
4455:
4450:
4445:
4440:
4434:
4432:
4428:
4427:
4425:
4424:
4419:
4414:
4408:
4406:
4402:
4401:
4398:
4397:
4395:
4394:
4389:
4384:
4379:
4374:
4369:
4364:
4358:
4356:
4352:
4351:
4349:
4348:
4343:
4338:
4336:Medina quarter
4333:
4328:
4323:
4318:
4313:
4308:
4303:
4298:
4293:
4287:
4285:
4281:
4280:
4278:
4277:
4272:
4267:
4257:
4252:
4247:
4242:
4237:
4232:
4227:
4222:
4217:
4212:
4207:
4202:
4197:
4192:
4187:
4182:
4177:
4171:
4169:
4162:
4158:
4157:
4154:
4153:
4151:
4150:
4145:
4140:
4135:
4130:
4124:
4122:Riwaq (arcade)
4119:
4114:
4109:
4104:
4098:
4092:
4090:
4084:
4083:
4081:
4080:
4075:
4070:
4065:
4060:
4055:
4049:
4047:
4041:
4040:
4038:
4037:
4032:
4027:
4022:
4017:
4012:
4010:Islamic garden
4007:
4002:
3996:
3994:
3990:
3989:
3987:
3986:
3981:
3976:
3971:
3966:
3960:
3955:
3950:
3944:
3942:
3938:
3937:
3935:
3934:
3929:
3924:
3919:
3914:
3909:
3904:
3899:
3894:
3889:
3884:
3879:
3874:
3869:
3864:
3859:
3854:
3849:
3844:
3839:
3833:
3822:
3820:
3816:
3815:
3813:
3812:
3807:
3802:
3797:
3792:
3787:
3782:
3777:
3772:
3767:
3762:
3757:
3751:
3746:
3740:
3738:
3732:
3731:
3729:
3728:
3722:
3717:
3712:
3689:
3687:
3683:
3682:
3680:
3679:
3674:
3669:
3664:
3659:
3657:Multifoil arch
3654:
3649:
3647:Horseshoe arch
3644:
3639:
3634:
3627:
3625:
3621:
3620:
3613:
3611:
3609:
3608:
3603:
3597:
3595:
3588:
3584:
3583:
3581:
3580:
3575:
3570:
3565:
3560:
3555:
3550:
3545:
3540:
3539:
3538:
3533:
3528:
3523:
3518:
3508:
3503:
3498:
3489:
3488:
3487:
3482:
3477:
3472:
3462:
3457:
3452:
3447:
3442:
3437:
3432:
3426:
3424:
3420:
3419:
3412:
3411:
3404:
3397:
3389:
3381:
3380:
3355:
3346:
3321:
3301:
3283:(33): 99–116.
3263:
3239:
3232:
3214:
3207:
3188:
3187:
3185:
3182:
3181:
3180:
3175:
3165:
3162:
3138:
3137:
3102:
3101:
3096:
3093:
2925:
2922:
2868:Middle Eastern
2833:
2830:
2828:
2825:
2806:
2805:
2798:
2797:
2796:
2747:
2744:
2735:
2732:
2655:
2654:
2652:
2651:
2644:
2637:
2629:
2626:
2625:
2621:
2620:
2615:
2610:
2605:
2600:
2595:
2590:
2585:
2580:
2575:
2570:
2565:
2560:
2555:
2550:
2545:
2540:
2529:
2528:
2523:
2518:
2513:
2508:
2503:
2498:
2493:
2488:
2483:
2478:
2473:
2468:
2463:
2458:
2453:
2448:
2443:
2438:
2433:
2428:
2423:
2418:
2413:
2408:
2403:
2398:
2393:
2388:
2383:
2378:
2373:
2368:
2359:
2358:
2353:
2352:
2349:
2348:
2344:
2343:
2338:
2333:
2328:
2323:
2318:
2313:
2308:
2303:
2301:Kara Ben Nemsi
2298:
2293:
2288:
2283:
2278:
2276:Abdul Alhazred
2273:
2262:
2261:
2256:
2251:
2246:
2241:
2236:
2231:
2226:
2221:
2216:
2211:
2206:
2201:
2196:
2191:
2186:
2181:
2176:
2171:
2166:
2161:
2156:
2151:
2146:
2141:
2136:
2131:
2126:
2121:
2116:
2111:
2106:
2101:
2095:
2094:
2089:
2088:
2085:
2084:
2077:
2076:
2074:Fusus al-Hikam
2071:
2066:
2061:
2056:
2051:
2046:
2041:
2036:
2031:
2026:
2021:
2016:
2005:
2004:
1999:
1994:
1989:
1984:
1979:
1974:
1969:
1964:
1959:
1954:
1949:
1947:Al-aql al-faal
1938:
1937:
1932:
1927:
1922:
1917:
1912:
1907:
1902:
1897:
1892:
1886:
1885:
1880:
1879:
1876:
1875:
1871:
1870:
1865:
1860:
1855:
1850:
1845:
1840:
1835:
1830:
1824:
1823:
1818:
1817:
1814:
1813:
1809:
1808:
1803:
1798:
1793:
1788:
1783:
1778:
1773:
1768:
1763:
1758:
1753:
1748:
1743:
1738:
1733:
1728:
1723:
1718:
1713:
1708:
1703:
1690:
1689:
1686:
1683:
1680:
1677:
1674:
1671:
1668:
1665:
1662:
1657:
1652:
1647:
1642:
1637:
1634:
1629:
1620:Arabic prosody
1616:
1615:
1612:
1607:
1602:
1597:
1592:
1587:
1582:
1577:
1572:
1567:
1562:
1557:
1552:
1541:
1540:
1535:
1532:
1529:
1526:
1523:
1518:
1513:
1508:
1503:
1494:
1493:
1488:
1483:
1478:
1465:
1464:
1459:
1454:
1449:
1444:
1439:
1426:
1425:
1420:
1415:
1410:
1405:
1400:
1395:
1390:
1385:
1380:
1375:
1372:(ryhmed prose)
1367:
1356:
1355:
1350:
1345:
1340:
1329:
1328:
1323:
1322:
1319:
1318:
1314:
1313:
1308:
1303:
1298:
1293:
1288:
1283:
1278:
1273:
1268:
1263:
1258:
1253:
1248:
1243:
1238:
1233:
1228:
1222:
1221:
1216:
1215:
1212:
1211:
1204:
1203:
1198:
1193:
1188:
1183:
1178:
1173:
1168:
1163:
1158:
1153:
1148:
1143:
1138:
1133:
1128:
1117:
1116:
1111:
1106:
1101:
1096:
1094:Qudud Halabiya
1091:
1086:
1081:
1076:
1071:
1066:
1061:
1056:
1051:
1046:
1044:Andalusi nubah
1041:
1030:
1029:
1024:
1019:
1014:
1009:
1004:
999:
994:
992:Arabic hip hop
989:
978:
977:
972:
967:
962:
957:
952:
947:
942:
937:
932:
930:Algerian scale
927:
922:
913:
912:
907:
906:
903:
902:
898:
897:
892:
887:
882:
877:
875:Robe of honour
872:
867:
862:
857:
852:
847:
842:
837:
832:
827:
816:
815:
810:
808:Tarboush (fez)
805:
800:
795:
790:
785:
780:
775:
770:
761:
760:
755:
754:
751:
750:
747:
746:
743:(North Africa)
738:
730:
722:
714:
706:
697:
692:
691:
688:
687:
680:
679:
674:
669:
664:
659:
654:
649:
644:
642:Damascus steel
639:
634:
629:
618:
617:
612:
607:
602:
600:Islamic garden
597:
592:
587:
582:
580:Arabic pottery
577:
572:
567:
562:
551:
550:
549:
548:
543:
533:
528:
519:
518:
513:
512:
509:
508:
501:
500:
495:
490:
485:
480:
475:
470:
465:
463:Medina quarter
460:
455:
450:
445:
440:
435:
430:
425:
420:
415:
410:
399:
398:
393:
388:
383:
378:
373:
368:
363:
358:
353:
348:
343:
338:
333:
331:Multifoil arch
328:
323:
318:
313:
308:
303:
298:
293:
288:
283:
278:
276:Horseshoe arch
273:
268:
263:
258:
253:
248:
243:
231:
230:
225:
220:
215:
210:
205:
200:
195:
186:
185:
180:
179:
176:
175:
167:
166:
164:Arabic culture
160:
159:
131:Mosque of Uqba
117:
116:
31:
29:
22:
15:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
5116:
5105:
5102:
5100:
5097:
5095:
5092:
5090:
5087:
5085:
5082:
5080:
5077:
5076:
5074:
5059:
5056:
5054:
5051:
5049:
5046:
5044:
5042:
5038:
5034:
5032:
5029:
5028:
5026:
5022:
5016:
5013:
5011:
5008:
5006:
5003:
5002:
5000:
4996:
4990:
4987:
4985:
4982:
4980:
4977:
4975:
4972:
4970:
4967:
4965:
4962:
4960:
4957:
4955:
4952:
4950:
4947:
4945:
4942:
4940:
4937:
4935:
4932:
4930:
4927:
4925:
4922:
4920:
4917:
4915:
4912:
4910:
4907:
4905:
4902:
4900:
4897:
4895:
4892:
4890:
4887:
4885:
4882:
4880:
4877:
4875:
4872:
4870:
4867:
4865:
4862:
4860:
4857:
4855:
4852:
4850:
4847:
4845:
4842:
4840:
4837:
4836:
4834:
4830:
4824:
4821:
4819:
4816:
4814:
4811:
4809:
4806:
4804:
4801:
4799:
4796:
4794:
4792:
4787:
4785:
4782:
4780:
4777:
4775:
4772:
4770:
4767:
4765:
4762:
4760:
4757:
4755:
4752:
4750:
4747:
4745:
4742:
4740:
4737:
4735:
4732:
4730:
4727:
4725:
4722:
4720:
4717:
4716:
4714:
4710:
4704:
4701:
4699:
4696:
4694:
4691:
4689:
4688:Caravanserais
4686:
4684:
4681:
4680:
4678:
4674:
4669:
4655:
4652:
4650:
4647:
4645:
4642:
4640:
4637:
4635:
4634:Early Islamic
4632:
4631:
4629:
4625:
4619:
4616:
4614:
4611:
4609:
4606:
4605:
4603:
4599:
4596:
4592:
4588:
4581:
4576:
4574:
4569:
4567:
4562:
4561:
4558:
4548:
4547:
4535:
4534:
4529:
4522:
4516:
4510:
4507:
4505:
4502:
4500:
4497:
4495:
4492:
4490:
4487:
4485:
4482:
4480:
4477:
4475:
4472:
4470:
4467:
4466:
4464:
4460:
4454:
4451:
4449:
4446:
4444:
4441:
4439:
4436:
4435:
4433:
4429:
4423:
4420:
4418:
4415:
4413:
4410:
4409:
4407:
4403:
4393:
4390:
4388:
4385:
4383:
4380:
4378:
4375:
4373:
4370:
4368:
4365:
4363:
4360:
4359:
4357:
4353:
4347:
4344:
4342:
4339:
4337:
4334:
4332:
4329:
4327:
4324:
4322:
4321:Hasht-Bihisht
4319:
4317:
4314:
4312:
4309:
4307:
4304:
4302:
4299:
4297:
4294:
4292:
4289:
4288:
4286:
4282:
4276:
4273:
4271:
4268:
4265:
4261:
4258:
4256:
4253:
4251:
4248:
4246:
4243:
4241:
4238:
4236:
4233:
4231:
4228:
4226:
4223:
4221:
4218:
4216:
4213:
4211:
4208:
4206:
4203:
4201:
4198:
4196:
4195:Jama'at Khana
4193:
4191:
4188:
4186:
4183:
4181:
4178:
4176:
4173:
4172:
4170:
4166:
4163:
4159:
4149:
4146:
4144:
4141:
4139:
4136:
4134:
4131:
4128:
4125:
4123:
4120:
4118:
4115:
4113:
4110:
4108:
4105:
4102:
4099:
4097:
4094:
4093:
4091:
4085:
4079:
4076:
4074:
4071:
4069:
4066:
4064:
4061:
4059:
4056:
4054:
4051:
4050:
4048:
4042:
4036:
4033:
4031:
4028:
4026:
4023:
4021:
4018:
4016:
4015:Mughal garden
4013:
4011:
4008:
4006:
4003:
4001:
3998:
3997:
3995:
3991:
3985:
3982:
3980:
3977:
3975:
3972:
3970:
3967:
3964:
3961:
3959:
3956:
3954:
3951:
3949:
3946:
3945:
3943:
3939:
3933:
3930:
3928:
3925:
3923:
3920:
3918:
3915:
3913:
3910:
3908:
3905:
3903:
3900:
3898:
3895:
3893:
3890:
3888:
3885:
3883:
3880:
3878:
3875:
3873:
3870:
3868:
3865:
3863:
3860:
3858:
3855:
3853:
3850:
3848:
3845:
3843:
3840:
3837:
3834:
3831:
3828:
3824:
3823:
3821:
3817:
3811:
3808:
3806:
3803:
3801:
3798:
3796:
3793:
3791:
3788:
3786:
3783:
3781:
3778:
3776:
3773:
3771:
3768:
3766:
3763:
3761:
3758:
3755:
3752:
3750:
3747:
3745:
3742:
3741:
3739:
3733:
3726:
3723:
3721:
3718:
3716:
3713:
3710:
3706:
3702:
3698:
3694:
3691:
3690:
3688:
3684:
3678:
3675:
3673:
3670:
3668:
3665:
3663:
3660:
3658:
3655:
3653:
3650:
3648:
3645:
3643:
3640:
3638:
3635:
3632:
3629:
3628:
3626:
3622:
3617:
3607:
3604:
3602:
3599:
3598:
3596:
3592:
3589:
3585:
3579:
3576:
3574:
3571:
3569:
3566:
3564:
3561:
3559:
3556:
3554:
3551:
3549:
3546:
3544:
3541:
3537:
3534:
3532:
3529:
3527:
3524:
3522:
3519:
3517:
3514:
3513:
3512:
3509:
3507:
3504:
3502:
3499:
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741:Arab Maghreb
739:
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723:
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719:(Mesopotamia)
715:
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709:Arab Mashriq
707:
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672:Pseudo-Arabic
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605:Islamic glass
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531:Nabataean art
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70:
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63:
60: –
59:
55:
54:Find sources:
48:
44:
38:
37:
32:This article
30:
26:
21:
20:
5040:
5036:
4818:Windcatchers
4802:
4790:
4537:
4524:
4521:Islamic arts
4301:Caravanserai
4126:
3826:
3780:Loudspeakers
3705:Persian dome
3667:Pointed arch
3465:Indo-Islamic
3455:Great Seljuk
3371:. Retrieved
3367:
3358:
3349:
3337:. Retrieved
3333:
3330:"The Mosque"
3324:
3313:. Retrieved
3304:
3292:. Retrieved
3280:
3276:
3266:
3255:. Retrieved
3251:
3248:"The Mosque"
3242:
3223:
3217:
3198:
3192:
3169:
3150:urban design
3139:
3121:
3109:
3105:
3103:
3095:Urban design
3079:such as the
3063:
3052:
3048:
3043:, a private
3038:
3034:
3033:, and has a
3030:
3023:
3021:
3012:
3000:
2986:
2978:
2966:
2962:
2960:
2946:, part of a
2940:Residential
2939:
2917:
2915:
2900:
2890:
2884:
2876:
2863:
2861:
2853:
2840:Small sahn (
2816:
2814:
2773:
2751:
2749:
2737:
2720:Muslim world
2715:
2713:
2711:courtyards.
2708:
2698:
2694:
2674:
2661:
2660:
2658:
2588:Dhul Khalasa
2531:
2530:
2360:
2355:Spirituality
2331:Ra's al Ghul
2306:King Marsile
2264:
2263:
2189:Magic carpet
2078:
2007:
2006:
1940:
1939:
1776:Saudi Arabia
1692:
1691:
1618:
1617:
1543:
1542:
1496:
1495:
1467:
1466:
1428:
1427:
1358:
1357:
1330:
1205:
1131:Algerian Raï
1119:
1118:
1032:
1031:
980:
979:
960:Quarter tone
920:Arabic maqam
914:
818:
817:
762:
681:
657:Hedwig glass
620:
619:
553:
552:
520:
502:
423:Caravanserai
401:
400:
360:
234:
232:
187:
182:Architecture
134:
126:
105:
96:
86:
79:
72:
65:
53:
41:Please help
36:verification
33:
4914:Khorramabad
4601:Pre-Islamic
4148:Windcatcher
4129:(courtyard)
3882:Mosque lamp
3862:Girih tiles
3819:Decorations
3697:Arabic dome
3144:or central
3142:town square
3054:mashrabiyas
3045:family room
2956:living room
2815:The use of
2291:Battal Gazi
1476:Anthologies
1276:Raqs Sharqi
1231:Belly dance
1074:Iraqi maqam
1002:Arabic jazz
997:Arabic rock
850:Fouta towel
652:Girih tiles
570:Arab carpet
541:Fatimid art
536:Islamic art
391:Windcatcher
256:Arabic dome
99:August 2007
5079:Courtyards
5073:Categories
4959:Shahrisabz
4939:Persepolis
4929:Nakhchivan
4879:Gur-e-Amir
4608:Achaemenid
4431:Influences
4346:Well house
4117:Mashrabiya
3765:Hussainiya
3701:Onion dome
3492:Indonesian
3480:Qutb Shahi
3315:2024-09-21
3257:2020-11-23
3184:References
3156:and Roman
3073:al-Andalus
3028:colonnaded
2563:Dhat-Badan
2491:Theandrios
2471:Baalshamin
2466:Atarsamain
2321:Palamedes
2064:Muqaddimah
2024:Al-isharat
1930:Avicennism
1882:Philosophy
1751:Mauritania
1560:Muwashshah
1525:Khamriyyah
1325:Literature
1271:Ouled Nail
1084:Muwashshah
987:Arabic pop
546:Mamluk art
493:Well house
428:Bimaristan
316:Mashrabiya
69:newspapers
4954:Samarkand
4864:Ctesiphon
4808:Shabestan
4764:Imamzadeh
4739:Chahartaq
4405:Resources
4168:Religious
4138:Shabestan
4096:Hypostyle
4078:Shadirvan
3847:Arabesque
3770:Imamzadeh
3735:Religious
3715:Semi-dome
3662:Ogee arch
3631:Chahartaq
3594:Materials
3521:Almoravid
3496:Malaysian
3108:, called
3057:, wooden
2911:fountains
2907:ablutions
2905:(Islamic
2852:, with a
2842:courtyard
2734:Etymology
2683:courtyard
2406:Al-Kutbay
2234:Shadhavar
2199:Mount Qaf
2174:Karkadann
2091:Mythology
1977:Asabiyyah
1935:Averroism
1766:Palestine
1688:Mutadārik
1685:Mutaqārib
1676:Mujtathth
1528:Tardiyyah
1348:Classical
1291:Schikhatt
1256:Khaleegy
1033:Art music
860:Jellabiya
773:Battoulah
627:Arabesque
621:Features
483:Shadirvan
286:Hypostyle
251:Arabesque
235:Features
203:Nabataean
4934:Nishapur
4823:Yakhchāl
4784:Panjdari
4724:Andaruni
4719:Ab anbar
4712:Elements
4693:Khaneqah
4644:Ilkhanid
4618:Sasanian
4519:Part of
4355:Military
4291:Baradari
4284:Civilian
4107:Jharokha
4068:Mechouar
4005:Charbagh
3948:Andaruni
3922:Socarrat
3887:Muqarnas
3785:Maqsurah
3677:Vaulting
3606:Tadelakt
3587:Elements
3536:Zayyanid
3516:Aghlabid
3289:41223756
3164:See also
3091:palace.
3089:Alhambra
2952:climates
2780:required
2756:Sumerian
2724:cloister
2681:), is a
2521:Yarhibol
2501:Malakbel
2371:Al-‘Uzzá
2281:Ali Baba
2254:Zulfiqar
1941:Concepts
1925:Farabism
1716:Djibouti
1673:Muqtaḍab
1667:Munsariħ
1610:Ghinnawa
1585:Riddles
1570:Mathnawi
1332:Language
1286:Shamadan
1251:Hagallah
1104:Tahmilah
885:Takchita
845:Durra'ah
840:Djellaba
819:Clothing
793:Madhalla
783:Keffiyeh
763:Headwear
717:Mashriq
711:(Levant)
667:Muqarnas
386:Voussoir
381:Vaulting
376:Tadelakt
366:Socarrat
336:Muqarnas
156:a series
154:Part of
5041:ghal'eh
4919:Mashhad
4904:Kashmar
4894:Isfahan
4869:Derbent
4859:Bukhara
4844:Andijan
4698:Mosques
4683:Bazaars
4654:Safavid
4649:Timurid
4627:Islamic
4594:Periods
4453:Mudéjar
4417:ArchNet
4367:Alcázar
4240:Musalla
4225:Maqbara
4215:Madrasa
4205:Külliye
4200:Khanqah
4190:Gongbei
4089:cooling
4087:Passive
4053:Chhatri
4046:objects
4044:Outdoor
3993:Gardens
3969:Mirador
3907:Shabaka
3897:Qashani
3852:Banna'i
3795:Minaret
3737:objects
3727:(eaves)
3725:Chhajja
3672:Squinch
3573:Umayyad
3568:Timurid
3558:Swahili
3543:Ottoman
3526:Almohad
3511:Moorish
3501:Iranian
3470:Bengali
3450:Fatimid
3445:Chinese
3440:Ayyubid
3430:Abbasid
3373:5 March
3339:5 March
3294:5 March
3171:durqāʿa
3100:Private
3087:at the
3066:Moorish
3059:lattice
2936:, India
2872:Islamic
2844:) of a
2782:before
2746:History
2691:mosques
2613:Yaghūth
2583:Basamum
2538:Almaqah
2506:Orotalt
2461:Al-Qaum
2456:Aglibol
2391:Chaabou
2386:Dushara
2336:Sindbad
2316:Othello
2271:Aladdin
2229:Shaddad
2109:Bahamut
1820:Science
1796:Tunisia
1781:Somalia
1756:Morocco
1741:Lebanon
1711:Comoros
1706:Bahrain
1701:Algeria
1679:Muḍāriʿ
1614:Humayni
1538:Hamasah
1430:Islamic
1413:Tezkire
1408:Tabaqat
1301:Tanoura
1241:Deheyeh
1136:Bedouin
1089:Qasidah
1049:Bashraf
1022:Khaliji
1017:Al Jeel
870:Macawis
835:Burnous
803:Tantour
798:Taqiyah
735:(Sudan)
733:Mawset
727:(Egypt)
725:Mawset
701:Khalij
694:Cuisine
637:Banna'i
443:Madrasa
413:Alcázar
266:Gardens
261:Banna'i
223:Moorish
218:Fatimid
213:Abbasid
208:Umayyad
193:Islamic
145:Tunisia
141:arcades
129:of the
83:scholar
4984:Tehran
4974:Tabriz
4964:Shiraz
4944:Qazvin
4899:Kashan
4779:Kucheh
4754:Hashti
4749:Gonbad
4729:Biruni
4703:Takyeh
4639:Seljuk
4377:Kasbah
4326:Kasbah
4316:Hammam
4311:Ghorfa
4296:Bazaar
4275:Zawiya
4264:takyeh
4235:Mosque
4185:Dargah
4112:Kucheh
4058:Eidgah
3984:Zenana
3932:Zellij
3917:Sitara
3912:Shamsa
3800:Minbar
3790:Mihrab
3775:Kiswah
3760:Gonbad
3624:Arches
3578:Yemeni
3548:Somali
3531:Hafsid
3506:Mamluk
3485:Mughal
3475:Deccan
3423:Styles
3287:
3230:
3205:
3136:Public
3114:Arabic
3069:patios
3003:mağlis
2993:Arabic
2988:majlis
2971:Arabic
2895:, for
2850:Tehran
2846:mosque
2786:. The
2784:prayer
2740:Arabic
2705:arcade
2667:Arabic
2593:Haukim
2578:Qaynan
2573:Ta'lab
2568:Haubas
2558:Salman
2553:Athtar
2421:Azizos
2376:Al-Lat
2249:Wāḳwāḳ
2219:Qutrub
2214:Qareen
2204:Nasnas
2184:Luqman
2179:Kujata
2134:Dandan
2099:Ababil
1801:U.A.E.
1736:Kuwait
1731:Jordan
1670:Khafīf
1660:Rajaz
1605:Nabati
1600:Mawwal
1590:Kharja
1580:Nasīb
1575:Ruba'i
1565:Urjūza
1555:Qasida
1550:Diwan
1531:Khawal
1521:Ghazal
1511:Rithā'
1497:Genres
1469:Poetry
1462:Aqidah
1447:Hadith
1442:Tafsir
1378:Maqama
1353:Modern
1306:Yowlah
1296:Tahtib
1266:Mizmar
1246:Guedra
1196:Shaabi
1181:Mezwed
1176:Mawwal
1161:Fijiri
1126:Ataaba
1114:Waslah
1109:Taqsim
1099:Sama'i
1079:Mawwal
1069:Malhun
1064:Layali
981:Genres
955:Teslim
940:Taqsim
915:Theory
880:Sirwal
865:Kaftan
813:Turban
788:Litham
677:Zellij
662:Kiswah
647:Damask
521:Styles
498:Zawiya
488:Tekyeh
458:Mosque
438:Kasbah
433:Hammam
418:Bazaar
396:Zellij
326:Mosaic
228:Mamluk
198:Yemeni
188:Styles
143:), in
125:Large
85:
78:
71:
64:
58:"Sahn"
56:
5024:Lists
4909:Khiva
4889:Herat
4884:Hatra
4874:Ganja
4813:Talar
4798:Qanat
4791:hayāt
4774:Kariz
4676:Types
4392:Ribat
4387:Qalat
4372:Amsar
4331:Mahal
4270:Türbe
4260:Takya
4255:Surau
4250:Rauza
4245:Qubba
4230:Mazar
4220:Maqam
4161:Types
4073:Sebil
3963:Liwan
3953:Harem
3941:Rooms
3857:Girih
3842:Alfiz
3836:Ablaq
3810:Zarih
3805:Qibla
3754:Dikka
3749:Bedug
3744:Anaza
3720:Tajug
3686:Roofs
3601:Qadad
3563:Tatar
3460:Hausa
3285:JSTOR
3158:forum
3154:agora
3146:plaza
3130:tribe
3031:riwaq
3017:hijab
3009:salon
3007:), a
2981:mağāz
2967:majaz
2943:sahns
2934:Mandu
2886:riwaq
2880:sahns
2827:Types
2792:riwaq
2764:sahns
2761:with
2700:riwaq
2671:صَحْن
2618:Yatha
2608:Ya'uq
2548:Anbay
2486:Suwa'
2481:Hubal
2451:Abgal
2441:Manāt
2436:Manāt
2431:Quzah
2426:Bajir
2411:Asira
2396:Manaf
2381:Manāt
2366:Allah
2194:Marid
2159:Ifrit
2154:Houri
2144:Ghoul
2139:Falak
2129:Buraq
2008:Texts
1997:Qadar
1987:Irfan
1967:Peace
1962:Dhati
1910:Kalam
1806:Yemen
1791:Syria
1786:Sudan
1771:Qatar
1746:Libya
1721:Egypt
1682:Sarīʿ
1664:Ramal
1655:Hazaj
1650:Wāfir
1645:Kamil
1640:Basīṭ
1636:Madīd
1632:Ṭawīl
1595:Zajal
1544:Forms
1534:Fakhr
1502:Madih
1481:Poets
1437:Quran
1418:Rihla
1359:Prose
1343:Paleo
1281:Samri
1236:Dabke
1226:Ardah
1218:Dance
1201:Zajal
1186:Samri
1059:Dulab
1012:Opera
950:Lazma
909:Music
895:Tiraz
890:Thawb
855:Izaar
830:Bisht
825:Abaya
757:Dress
554:Types
478:Sabil
473:Ribat
468:Qalat
453:Mazar
448:Maqam
402:Types
356:Riwaq
346:Qadad
311:Liwan
271:Girih
246:Alfiz
241:Ablaq
136:riwaq
90:JSTOR
76:books
4989:Yazd
4969:Susa
4924:Merv
4849:Baku
4839:Amol
4803:Sahn
4769:Iwan
4759:Howz
4734:Burj
4382:Ksar
4341:Souq
4262:(or
4127:Sahn
4101:Howz
4063:Fina
4035:Riad
4000:Bagh
3979:Qa’a
3974:Hosh
3958:Iwan
3877:Jali
3693:Dome
3375:2021
3341:2021
3296:2021
3228:ISBN
3203:ISBN
3124:sāḥä
3118:ساحة
3110:saha
3106:sahn
3083:and
3064:The
3049:sahn
3040:iwan
3035:howz
3024:sahn
3013:sahn
2997:مجلس
2975:مجاز
2963:sahn
2918:sahn
2902:wudu
2892:howz
2864:sahn
2855:howz
2817:sahn
2776:Wudu
2752:sahn
2716:sahn
2714:The
2709:sahn
2695:sahn
2677:ṣaḥn
2662:sahn
2598:Nasr
2516:Sa'd
2511:Ruda
2496:Wadd
2446:A'ra
2416:Awal
2401:Nuha
2224:Roc
2169:Jinn
2149:Hinn
2002:Qalb
1992:Nafs
1761:Oman
1726:Iraq
1627:Bayt
1516:Waṣf
1506:Hija
1457:Fiqh
1452:Sīra
1370:Saj
1338:Old
1261:Liwa
1191:Sawt
1171:Liwa
1120:Folk
1054:Dawr
945:Jins
778:Haik
768:Agal
361:Sahn
321:Riad
306:Iwan
281:Howz
127:sahn
62:news
5037:Arg
4949:Qom
4854:Bam
3071:of
2848:in
2703:or
2685:in
2603:Sīn
2543:Amm
2476:Bēl
1982:Hal
1311:Zār
1027:Raï
515:Art
45:by
5075::
3707:/
3703:/
3699:/
3494:/
3366:.
3332:.
3281:33
3279:.
3275:.
3250:.
3132:.
3120:,
3116::
2999:,
2995::
2977:,
2973::
2920:.
2759:Ur
2673:,
2669::
2659:A
158:on
5043:s
4793:)
4579:e
4572:t
4565:v
3832:)
3825:(
3711:)
3695:(
3408:e
3401:t
3394:v
3377:.
3343:.
3318:.
3298:.
3260:.
3236:.
3211:.
3112:(
2991:(
2969:(
2665:(
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106:(
101:)
97:(
87:·
80:·
73:·
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