1951:
1866:) in early 2014, when the cloud was at a distance of just over 3,000 times the radius of the event horizon (or ≈260 AU, 36 light-hours) from the black hole. G2 has been observed to be disrupting since 2009, and was predicted by some to be completely destroyed by the encounter, which could have led to a significant brightening of X-ray and other emission from the black hole. Other astronomers suggested the gas cloud could be hiding a dim star, or a binary star merger product, which would hold it together against the tidal forces of Sgr A*, allowing the ensemble to pass by without any effect. In addition to the tidal effects on the cloud itself, it was proposed in May 2013 that, prior to its perinigricon, G2 might experience multiple close encounters with members of the black-hole and neutron-star populations thought to orbit near the Galactic Center, offering some insight to the region surrounding the supermassive black hole at the center of the Milky Way.
37:
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1983:
847:(VLT) to create a virtual telescope 130 metres (430 feet) in diameter, astronomers detected clumps of gas moving at about 30% of the speed of light. Emission from highly energetic electrons very close to the black hole was visible as three prominent bright flares. These exactly match theoretical predictions for hot spots orbiting close to a black hole of four million solar masses. The flares are thought to originate from magnetic interactions in the very hot gas orbiting very close to Sagittarius A*.
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434:. The image, which is based on radio interferometer data taken in 2017, confirms that the object contains a black hole. This is the second image of a black hole. This image took five years of calculations to process. The data was collected by eight radio observatories at six geographical sites. Radio images are produced from data by
728:, team leader of the research, said the study has delivered "what is now considered to be the best empirical evidence that supermassive black holes do really exist. The stellar orbits in the Galactic Center show that the central mass concentration of four million solar masses must be a black hole, beyond any reasonable doubt."
2544:; Garcia, P.; Gao, F.; Gendron, E.; Genzel, R.; Gillessen, S.; Guajardo, P.; Habibi, M.; Haubois, X.; Henning, T.; Hippler, S.; Horrobin, M.; Huber, A.; Jiménez Rosales, A.; Jocou, L.; et al. (2018). "Detection of orbital motions near the last stable circular orbit of the massive black hole SgrA".
1037:
Ultimately, what is seen is not the black hole itself, but observations that are consistent only if there is a black hole present near Sgr A*. In the case of such a black hole, the observed radio and infrared energy emanates from gas and dust heated to millions of degrees while falling into the
925:
Recent lower resolution observations revealed that the radio source of
Sagittarius A* is symmetrical. Simulations of alternative theories of gravity depict results that may be difficult to distinguish from GR. However, a 2018 paper predicts an image of Sagittarius A* that is in agreement with recent
359:, have been used to determine the mass and upper limits on the radius of the object. Based on mass and increasingly precise radius limits, astronomers have concluded that Sagittarius A* must be the central supermassive black hole of the Milky Way galaxy. The current best estimate of its mass is 4.297
1935:
in Chile, concluded alternatively that the cloud, rather than being isolated, might be a dense clump within a continuous but thinner stream of matter, and would act as a constant breeze on the disk of matter orbiting the black hole, rather than sudden gusts that would have caused high brightness as
1390:
infrared wavelengths, as interstellar dust drastically limits visibility in visible wavelengths. This is a rapidly changing field—in 2011, the orbits of the most prominent stars then known were plotted in the diagram at left, showing a comparison between their orbits and various orbits in the solar
1869:
The average rate of accretion onto Sgr A* is unusually small for a black hole of its mass and is only detectable because it is so close to Earth. It was thought that the passage of G2 in 2013 might offer astronomers the chance to learn much more about how material accretes onto supermassive black
1398:
The high velocities and close approaches to the supermassive black hole makes these stars useful to establish limits on the physical dimensions of
Sagittarius A*, as well as to observe general-relativity associated effects like periapse shift of their orbits. An active watch is maintained for the
5301:
Witzel, G.; Ghez, A. M.; Morris, M. R.; Sitarski, B. N.; Boehle, A.; Naoz, S.; Campbell, R.; Becklin, E. E.; G. Canalizo; Chappell, S.; Do, T.; Lu, J. R.; Matthews, K.; Meyer, L.; Stockton, A.; Wizinowich, P.; Yelda, S. (January 1, 2014). "Detection of
Galactic Center Source G2 at 3.8 μm during
1923:
Nothing was observed during and after the closest approach of the cloud to the black hole, which was described as a lack of "fireworks" and a "flop". Astronomers from the UCLA Galactic Center Group published observations obtained on March 19 and 20, 2014, concluding that G2 was still intact (in
1402:
As of 2020, S4714 is the current record holder of closest approach to
Sagittarius A*, at about 12.6 AU (1.88 billion km), almost as close as Saturn gets to the Sun, traveling at about 8% of the speed of light. These figures given are approximate, the formal uncertainties being
1936:
they hit, as originally expected. Supporting this hypothesis, G1, a cloud that passed near the black hole 13 years ago, had an orbit almost identical to G2, consistent with both clouds, and a gas tail thought to be trailing G2, all being denser clumps within a large single gas stream.
897:
Assuming that general relativity is still a valid description of gravity near the event horizon, the
Sagittarius A* radio emissions are not centered on the black hole, but arise from a bright spot in the region around the black hole, close to the event horizon, possibly in the
646:
were used to align NIR images with radio observations, as they can be observed in both NIR and radio bands. The rapid motion of S2 (and other nearby stars) easily stood out against slower-moving stars along the line-of-sight so these could be subtracted from the images.
515:
aircraft revealed that magnetic fields cause the surrounding ring of gas and dust, temperatures of which range from −280 to 17,500 °F (99.8 to 9,977.6 K; −173.3 to 9,704.4 °C), to flow into an orbit around
Sagittarius A*, keeping black hole emissions low.
580:
Later observations showed that
Sagittarius A actually consists of several overlapping sub-components; a bright and very compact component, Sgr A*, was discovered on February 13 and 15, 1974, by Balick and Robert L Brown using the baseline interferometer of the
1857:
First noticed as something unusual in images of the center of the Milky Way in 2002, the gas cloud G2, which has a mass about three times that of Earth, was confirmed to be likely on a course taking it into the accretion zone of Sgr A* in a paper published in
5226:
Gillessen, S.; Genzel, R.; Fritz, T. K.; Quataert, E.; Alig, C.; Burkert, A.; Cuadra, J.; Eisenhauer, F.; Pfuhl, O.; Dodds-Eden, K.; Gammie, C. F.; Ott, T. (January 2012). "A gas cloud on its way towards the supermassive black hole at the
Galactic Centre".
1964:
679: ). Later observations of the star S14 showed the mass of the object to be about 4.1 million solar masses within a volume with radius no larger than 6.25 light-hours (45 AU ). S175 passed within a similar distance. For comparison, the
703:, orbiting 3 light-years from Sagittarius A*. This black hole of 1,300 solar masses is within a cluster of seven stars. This observation may add support to the idea that supermassive black holes grow by absorbing nearby smaller black holes and stars.
400:
in 2019. The black hole itself is not seen, only nearby objects whose behavior is influenced by the black hole. The observed radio and infrared energy emanates from gas and dust heated to millions of degrees while falling into the black hole.
6594:
Peißker, F.; Zajaček, M.; Melamed, M.; Ali, B.; Singhal, M.; Dassel, T.; Eckart, A.; Karas, V. (June 2024). "Candidate young stellar objects in the S-cluster: Kinematic analysis of a subpopulation of the low-mass G objects close to Sgr A*".
1987:
543:, considered one of the fathers of radio astronomy, discovered that a radio signal was coming from a location in the direction of the constellation of Sagittarius, towards the center of the Milky Way. The radio source later became known as
654:
Dusty cloud G2 passes the supermassive black hole at the center of the Milky Way. Composition of images taken at different times to show motion; colored blue when approaching the viewer, red when receding. Red cross marks the black
413:
Sagittarius A* in the constellation of
Sagittarius. The black hole is marked with a red circle within the constellation of Sagittarius (The Archer). This map shows most of the stars visible to the unaided eye under good
5699:
Pfuhl, Oliver; Gillessen, Stefan; Eisenhauer, Frank; Genzel, Reinhard; Plewa, Philipp M.; Thomas Ott; Ballone, Alessandro; Schartmann, Marc; Burkert, Andreas (2015). "The
Galactic Center Cloud G2 and its Gas Streamer".
763:
659:
The VLBI radio observations of Sagittarius A* could also be aligned centrally with the NIR images, so the focus of S2's elliptical orbit was found to coincide with the position of Sagittarius A*. From examining the
2163:
2186:
6264:
Eisenhauer, F.; Schdel, R.; Genzel, R.; Ott, T.; Tecza, M.; Abuter, R.; Eckart, A.; Alexander, T.; et al. (November 10, 2003). "A Geometric Determination of the Distance to the Galactic Center".
809:
794:
3639:
2540:
Abuter, R.; Amorim, A.; Bauböck, M.; Berger, J. P.; Bonnet, H.; Brandner, W.; Clénet, Y.; Coudé Du Foresto, V.; De Zeeuw, P. T.; Deen, C.; Dexter, J.; Duvert, G.; Eckart, A.; Eisenhauer, F.;
622:
near Sagittarius A* throughout a period of ten years. According to the team's analysis, the data ruled out the possibility that Sgr A* contains a cluster of dark stellar objects or a mass of
3864:
906:
of material ejected from the disc. If the apparent position of Sagittarius A* were exactly centered on the black hole, it would be possible to see it magnified beyond its size, because of
3669:
1172:
2228:
3696:"Our Local Black Hole Serves Up an 'Awe Moment' – Filaments of radio energy from Sagittarius A*, the black hole at the center of the Milky Way galaxy, are turning astronomers' heads"
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Cosmic encounter that might reveal new secrets on how such supermassive black holes evolve; We get to watch it unfolding in a human lifetime, which is very unusual and very exciting
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1920:
said, "It's exciting to have something that feels more like an experiment", and hoped that the interaction would produce effects that would provide new information and insights.
1346:
3363:
Sakai, Shoko; Lu, Jessica R.; Ghez, Andrea; Jia, Siyao; Do, Tuan; Witzel, Gunther; Gautam, Abhimat K.; Hees, Aurelien; Becklin, E.; Matthews, K.; Hosek, M. W. (March 5, 2019).
2132:
1942:
et al. suggested in 2014 that G2 is not a gas cloud but rather a pair of binary stars that had been orbiting the black hole in tandem and merged into an extremely large star.
1950:
1307:
1241:
10228:
1274:
1205:
750:
witnessed a sudden brightening of Sgr A*, which became 75 times brighter than usual, suggesting that the supermassive black hole may have encountered another object.
3857:"Star spotted speeding near black hole at centre of Milky Way – Chile's Very Large Telescope tracks S2 star as it reaches mind-boggling speeds by supermassive black hole"
7585:
6379:
Ghez, A. M.; et al. (April 1, 2003). "The First Measurement of Spectral Lines in a Short-Period Star Bound to the Galaxy's Central Black Hole: A Paradox of Youth".
4008:
352:
was assigned in 1982 by Brown, who understood that the strongest radio emission from the center of the galaxy appeared to be due to a compact non-thermal radio object.
5422:
894:
in addition to the usual velocity redshift; the gravitational redshift was detected, in agreement with the GR prediction within the 10 percent measurement precision.
9953:
2155:
2684:
778:
4735:"First Successful Test of Einstein's General Relativity Near Supermassive Black Hole – Culmination of 26 years of ESO observations of the heart of the Milky Way"
4324:
Eckart, Andreas; Tursunov, A.A.; Zajacek, M.; Parsa, M.; Hosseini, E.; Subroweit, M.; Peissker, F.; Straubmeier, C.; Horrobin, M.; Karas, V. (February 1, 2019).
592:
Since the 1980s, it has been evident that the central component of Sgr A* is likely a black hole. In 1994, infrared and sub-millimetre spectroscopy studies by a
2194:
10927:
10218:
10208:
4767:
GRAVITY Collaboration; Abuter, R.; Amorim, A.; Anugu, N.; Bauböck, M.; Benisty, M.; Berger, J. P.; Blind, N.; Bonnet, H.; Brandner, W.; Buron, A. (July 2018).
2926:
5765:
5677:
8314:
953:
solar masses. Given that this mass is confined inside a 44-million-kilometre-diameter sphere, this yields a density ten times higher than previous estimates.
3834:
2436:
10173:
5941:
5355:
Bartos, Imre; Haiman, Zoltán; Kocsis, Bence; Márka, Szabolcs (May 2013). "Gas Cloud G2 Can Illuminate the Black Hole Population Near the Galactic Center".
3460:(2003) "The First Measurement of Spectral Lines in a Short-Period Star Bound to the Galaxy's Central Black Hole: A Paradox of Youth" Astrophysical Journal
1997:
This video sequence shows the motion of the dusty cloud G2 as it closes in on, and then passes, the supermassive black hole at the center of the Milky Way.
567:
discovered a discrete and bright "Sagittarius-Scorpius" radio source, which after further observation with the 80-foot (24-metre) CSIRO radio telescope at
6428:
Ghez, A. M.; et al. (December 20, 2008). "Measuring Distance and Properties of the Milky Way's Central Supermassive Black Hole with Stellar Orbits".
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10320:
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10013:
9269:
9264:
9249:
9244:
9229:
9199:
9189:
9184:
9174:
9169:
9144:
9124:
9119:
9114:
9109:
9104:
9089:
9074:
9054:
9044:
9024:
9014:
9009:
9004:
8999:
8994:
8984:
8979:
8974:
5817:
Backer, D. C. & Sramek, R. A. (October 20, 1999). "Proper Motion of the Compact, Nonthermal Radio Source in the Galactic Center, Sagittarius A*".
3631:
3478:
Ghez, A. M.; et al. (December 2008). "Measuring Distance and Properties of the Milky Way's Central Supermassive Black Hole with Stellar Orbits".
2253:
922:, which is consistent with the observed overall size of about 50 μas, the size (apparent diameter) of the black hole Sgr A* itself being 20 μas.
8954:
8949:
8944:
8929:
8924:
8919:
8914:
8909:
8899:
8894:
6182:
Doeleman, Sheperd S.; et al. (September 2008). "Event-horizon-scale structure in the supermassive black hole candidate at the Galactic Centre".
4269:
615:
438:, usually from night-long observations of stable sources. The radio emission from Sgr A* varies on the order of minutes, complicating the analysis.
11060:
3705:
1386:
There are a number of stars in close orbit around Sagittarius A*, which are collectively known as "S stars". These stars are observed primarily in
512:
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837:
2840:
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2513:
333:
36:
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GRAVITY Collaboration; Abuter, R.; Aimar, N.; Amorim, A.; Ball, J.; Bauböck, M.; Gillessen, S.; Widmann, F.; Heissel, G. (December 14, 2021).
10053:
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6941:
3128:
3061:
3010:
2801:
2220:
836:
In a paper published on October 31, 2018, the discovery of conclusive evidence that Sagittarius A* is a black hole was announced. Using the
735:
flare 400 times brighter than usual, a record-breaker, from Sgr A*. The unusual event may have been caused by the breaking apart of an
10023:
10003:
9963:
9958:
9922:
6946:
4681:
Eisenhauer, F.; et al. (July 20, 2005). "SINFONI in the Galactic Center: Young Stars and Infrared Flares in the Central Light-Month".
1399:
possibility of stars approaching the event horizon close enough to be disrupted, but none of these stars are expected to suffer that fate.
6033:
Schödel, R.; et al. (October 2002). "A star in a 15.2-year orbit around the supermassive black hole at the centre of the Milky Way".
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9179:
9154:
9099:
9094:
9084:
9079:
9039:
9019:
4101:
Revnivtsev, M. G.; et al. (October 2004). "Hard X-ray view of the past activity of Sgr A$ ^{\star}$ in a natural Compton mirror".
1976:
This simulation shows a gas cloud, discovered in 2011, as it passes close to the supermassive black hole at the center of the Milky Way.
10043:
7665:
7322:
5874:
Gillessen, Stefan; et al. (February 23, 2009). "Monitoring stellar orbits around the Massive Black Hole in the Galactic Center".
10073:
9973:
8989:
8307:
4079:
2403:
2124:
10310:
10300:
10248:
10038:
10033:
10028:
10008:
9978:
7260:
7086:
6986:
2602:"First Sagittarius A* Event Horizon Telescope Results. I. The Shadow of the Supermassive Black Hole in the Center of the Milky Way"
687:(the rotational center of the Milky Way), which is important in calibrating astronomical distance scales, as 8,000 ± 600
650:
5122:"S62 and S4711: Indications of a Population of Faint Fast-moving Stars inside the S2 Orbit—S4711 on a 7.6 yr Orbit around Sgr A*"
2866:
5592:
4822:
1910:
464:), this yields a diameter of 51.8 million kilometres (32.2 million miles). For comparison, Earth is 150 million
4164:
Nobukawa, M.; et al. (September 8, 2011). "New Evidence for High Activity of the Supermassive Black Hole in our Galaxy".
6763:
6553:
6254:
6172:
5966:
5930:
4000:
2469:
431:
7826:
10947:
8300:
5539:
3531:
Gillessen, S.; Plewa, P. M.; Eisenhauer, F.; Sari, R.; Waisberg, I.; Habibi, M.; Pfuhl, O.; George, E.; Dexter, J. (2017).
1078:
10 erg/s) is estimated to be a million times stronger than the current output from Sgr A* and is comparable with a typical
832:
has captured these first, focused views of the supermassive black hole at the heart of the Milky Way in high-energy X-rays.
582:
3735:
11065:
10835:
8158:
7996:
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683:
is 0.08 AU (12 million km; 7.4 million mi). They also determined the distance from Earth to the
5791:
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6709:
961:
593:
4852:
4742:
3765:
1419:. Its orbital period is 12 years, but an extreme eccentricity of 0.985 gives it the close approach and high velocity.
918:(10 μas). For a black hole of around 4 million solar masses, this corresponds to a size of approximately 52
11070:
8238:
7391:
6330:
5565:
4608:
Genzel, R.; Schödel, R.; Ott, T.; Eckart, A.; Alexander, T.; Lacombe, F.; Rouan, D.; Aschenbach, B. (November 2003).
3434:
2016:
277:
5976:
Reid, M. J.; Brunthaler, A. (December 2004). "The Proper Motion of Sagittarius A*. II. The Mass of Sagittarius A*".
3365:"The Galactic Center: An Improved Astrometric Reference Frame for Stellar Orbits around the Supermassive Black Hole"
2918:
8354:
7386:
5761:
5653:
2708:"First Sagittarius A* Event Horizon Telescope Results. III. Imaging of the Galactic Center Supermassive Black Hole"
10979:
7271:
4368:
Daly, Ruth A; Donahue, Megan; O'Dea, Christopher P; Sebastian, Biny; Haggard, Daryl; Lu, Anan (October 28, 2023).
8233:
7307:
7103:
4769:"Detection of the gravitational redshift in the orbit of the star S2 near the Galactic centre massive black hole"
3789:"Detection of the gravitational redshift in the orbit of the star S2 near the Galactic centre massive black hole"
3788:
2426:
2187:"A 'mind-boggling' telescope observation has revealed the point of no return for our galaxy's monster black hole"
2074:
1924:
contrast to predictions for a simple gas cloud hypothesis) and that the cloud was likely to have a central star.
1891:
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Two groups—in Germany and the U.S.—monitored the orbits of individual stars very near to the black hole and used
60:
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10223:
8078:
7972:
7529:
7210:
6849:
3891:"Detection of intrinsic source structure at ~3 Schwarzschild radii with Millimeter-VLBI observations of Sgr A*"
1887:
769:
547:. His observations did not extend quite as far south as we now know to be the Galactic Center. Observations by
3695:
1366:
Inferred orbits of six stars around supermassive black hole candidate Sagittarius A* at the Milky Way's center
926:
observations; in particular, it explains the small angular size and the symmetrical morphology of the source.
825:
8083:
7880:
7297:
7172:
4231:
1928:
1906:
560:
2541:
1030:, along with the low luminosity of the radio and infrared emission lines, imply that the Milky Way is not a
10879:
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8349:
8334:
7703:
7215:
7118:
6906:
4030:
2250:
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of a sample of several thousand stars within approximately one parsec from the black hole, combined with a
696:
7225:
2963:
2075:"Polarimetry and astrometry of NIR flares as event horizon scale, dynamical probes for the mass of Sgr A*"
2035:
This roughly equates to around 37 times the diameter of the Sun at ~1,400,000 kilometers (~865,000 miles).
1082:. In 2011 this conclusion was supported by Japanese astronomers observing the Milky Way's center with the
9948:
8323:
7519:
7484:
7474:
6735:
6597:
6104:
4935:"Mass distribution in the Galactic Center based on interferometric astrometry of multiple stellar orbits"
4103:
631:
511:
In 2019, measurements made with the High-resolution Airborne Wideband Camera-Plus (HAWC+) mounted in the
396:, a world-wide network of radio observatories. This is the second confirmed image of a black hole, after
302:
75:
1870:
holes. Several astronomical facilities observed this closest approach, with observations confirmed with
1312:
585:. The name Sgr A* was coined by Brown in a 1982 paper because the radio source was "exciting", and
409:
10958:
7888:
7205:
7157:
7140:
6839:
6731:
6545:
5619:
2010:
4543:
Meyer, L.; Eckart, A.; Schödel, R.; Duschl, W. J.; Mužić, K.; Dovčiak, M.; Karas, V. (December 2006).
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6381:
6266:
5978:
5819:
5126:
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4166:
2824:
2794:"Focus on the First Event Horizon Telescope Results – The Astrophysical Journal Letters – IOPscience"
2431:
1871:
1107:
in the southern sky, and about 29,000 light-years from Earth, and may have been propelled out of the
854:
orbiting Sgr A* had been recorded at 7,650 km/s (17.1 million mph), or 2.55% the
720:
325:
2888:
1862:
in 2012. Predictions of its orbit suggested it would make its closest approach to the black hole (a
1279:
1213:
914:, this would result in a ring-like structure, which has a diameter about 5.2 times the black hole's
397:
11075:
10659:
8178:
7908:
7337:
6691:
5596:
5201:
4610:"Near-infrared flares from accreting gas around the supermassive black hole at the Galactic Centre"
2495:
493:
1246:
1177:
8108:
8073:
7870:
7729:
7514:
7050:
7013:
6916:
6911:
6829:
6321:
6245:
Eckart, Andreas; Schödel, Rainer; Straubmeier, Christian Michael; Straubmeier, Christian (2005).
3084:
3033:
2990:
2793:
1079:
1027:
1019:
393:
290:
42:
6102:; Eckart, A. (July 2009). "The nuclear star cluster of the Milky Way: proper motions and mass".
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9943:
9827:
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8020:
8015:
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7432:
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6783:
5788:"Simulation of gas cloud after close approach to the black hole at the centre of the Milky Way"
1899:
1423:
1357:
891:
772:
observations of molecular-hydrogen-rich gas clouds, with the area around Sagittarius A* circled
639:
597:
528:
378:
328:. The name Sagittarius A* distinguishes the compact source from the larger (and much brighter)
5120:
Peißker, Florian; Eckart, Andreas; Zajaček, Michal; Basel, Ali; Parsa, Marzieh (August 2020).
4232:"A Black Hole Threw a Star Out of the Milky Way Galaxy – So long, S5-HVS1, we hardly knew you"
10735:
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9294:
8556:
8248:
8173:
8123:
8118:
7789:
7422:
7235:
6979:
6834:
6577:
1062:
1050:
524:
6620:
6127:
4794:
4570:
4545:"Near-infrared polarimetry setting constraints on the orbiting spot model for Sgr A* flares"
4126:
3814:
2567:
2100:
607:
showed that the mass of Sgr A* was tightly concentrated and on the order of 3 million Suns.
10426:
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8128:
8113:
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7256:
7184:
7152:
6996:
6804:
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6496:
6449:
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6349:
6285:
6201:
6123:
6054:
5997:
5893:
5838:
5719:
5490:
5441:
5374:
5321:
5246:
5145:
5084:
5015:
4790:
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4501:
4442:
4369:
4185:
4122:
3963:
3810:
3554:
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3306:
3269:
3230:
3163:
3096:
3045:
3002:
2729:
2613:
2563:
2344:
2283:
2156:"Scientists find proof a supermassive black hole is lurking at the centre of the Milky Way"
2096:
1932:
1895:
1100:
915:
879:
844:
680:
505:
166:
4075:
2399:
8:
11032:
10550:
10406:
10401:
10118:
10068:
9149:
8193:
7803:
7524:
7499:
7469:
7427:
7381:
7018:
6884:
6879:
6809:
6326:"First M87 Event Horizon Telescope Results. I. The Shadow of the Supermassive Black Hole"
867:
643:
552:
6500:
6453:
6404:
6353:
6289:
6205:
6058:
6001:
5897:
5842:
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5445:
5378:
5325:
5250:
5149:
5088:
5019:
4704:
4635:
4505:
4446:
4189:
3967:
3942:"The Size, Shape, and Scattering of Sagittarius A* at 86 GHz: First VLBI with ALMA"
3558:
3501:
3390:
3310:
3273:
3234:
3211:
Goss, W. M.; Brown, Robert L.; Lo, K. Y. (May 6, 2003). "The Discovery of Sgr A*".
3167:
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3006:
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5278:
5236:
5163:
5135:
5102:
5074:
5041:
5005:
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4946:
4915:
4887:
4845:"Watch stars move around the Milky Way's supermassive black hole in deepest images yet"
4814:
4780:
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4663:
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2500:
2301:
2086:
1482:
1084:
911:
907:
887:
435:
5942:"Beyond Any Reasonable Doubt: A Supermassive Black Hole Lives in Centre of Our Galaxy"
5731:
4197:
381:
for their discovery that Sagittarius A* is a supermassive compact object, for which a
10912:
10907:
10902:
10897:
10892:
10760:
10123:
10103:
9993:
8456:
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8446:
8436:
8431:
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8378:
8267:
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5854:
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5735:
5673:
5508:
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5390:
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5270:
5262:
5167:
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5033:
5028:
4993:
4978:
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4907:
4818:
4806:
4720:
4655:
4647:
4582:
4529:
4517:
4513:
4460:
4401:
4351:
4326:"Mass, Distance, Spin, Charge, and Orientation of the super massive black hole SgrA*"
4310:
4298:
4213:
4201:
4138:
3830:
3584:
3572:
3416:
3404:
3334:
3322:
3318:
3258:"Precessing jets in Sagittarius A – Gas dynamics in the central parsec of the galaxy"
3185:
3112:
2832:
2767:
2755:
2661:
2649:
2505:
2305:
1494:
1479:
1387:
1039:
863:
815:
Supernova remnant ejecta producing planet-forming material seen in infrared and X-ray
800:
676:
623:
600:
540:
469:
314:
53:
6477:
6420:
6313:
6025:
5866:
5402:
5341:
5045:
4768:
4594:
4150:
3985:
3926:
3517:
2583:
2333:"Precessing Jets in Sagittarius A: Gas Dynamics in the Central Parsec of the Galaxy"
332:(Sgr A) region in which it is embedded. Sgr A* was discovered in 1974 by
10972:
9284:
9279:
9234:
9224:
9214:
9204:
9164:
9139:
9129:
9069:
9049:
9029:
8964:
8959:
8546:
8506:
8411:
8396:
8391:
8386:
8271:
8203:
8063:
7655:
7615:
7363:
7312:
7167:
7081:
6874:
6844:
6719:
6624:
6504:
6487:
6457:
6408:
6357:
6293:
6237:
6209:
6131:
6090:
6062:
6035:
6005:
5913:
5901:
5846:
5727:
5661:
5498:
5449:
5386:
5382:
5329:
5282:
5254:
5153:
5092:
5023:
4956:
4897:
4798:
4708:
4667:
4639:
4574:
4509:
4450:
4391:
4337:
4288:
4193:
4130:
3971:
3912:
3818:
3562:
3505:
3394:
3314:
3277:
3238:
3171:
3124:
3104:
3053:
2737:
2639:
2621:
2571:
2352:
2291:
2104:
1879:
1455:
934:
903:
747:
626:, strengthening the evidence for a massive black hole. The observations of S2 used
573:
520:
484:
is 46 million km (0.31 AU; 29 million mi) from the Sun at
481:
442:
423:
238:
45:, with lines overlaid to mark the orientation of polarization of the magnetic field
6628:
6151:
6135:
5520:
4961:
4934:
4902:
4875:
4802:
4544:
4478:
Bélanger, G; Terrier, R; Jager, O C de; Goldwurm, A; Melia, F (December 1, 2006).
4134:
3822:
2575:
2461:
2109:
1068:, causing X-ray emission from the cloud. The total luminosity from this outburst (
392:
around the horizon of Sagittarius A*, confirming it to be a black hole, using the
10725:
10263:
10128:
10063:
9988:
8939:
8934:
8904:
8536:
8526:
8501:
8496:
8441:
8421:
8339:
7936:
7845:
7675:
7625:
7600:
7396:
7240:
7147:
7113:
7025:
6573:"Eigentlich dürfte er nicht existieren: Babystern nah an schwarzem Loch entdeckt"
4578:
2257:
1011:
1004:
883:
725:
695:). In November 2004, a team of astronomers reported the discovery of a potential
684:
611:
604:
548:
497:
370:
338:
294:
83:
5654:"Why galactic black hole fireworks were a flop : Nature News & Comment"
5535:
4370:"New black hole spin values for Sagittarius A* obtained with the outflow method"
508:
more rigorously than has previously been done, and the results match perfectly.
11044:
10984:
10853:
10560:
10238:
10133:
8541:
8531:
8521:
8511:
8481:
8476:
8471:
8466:
8426:
8292:
8198:
8088:
7961:
7913:
7575:
7342:
7281:
7125:
6799:
6362:
6325:
5945:
5158:
5121:
5097:
5060:
4455:
4420:
4227:
3976:
3941:
3917:
3890:
3727:
3691:
3567:
3532:
3399:
3364:
2742:
2707:
2626:
2601:
2221:"Astronomers See Material Orbiting a Black Hole *Right* at the Edge of Forever"
1939:
1498:
1065:
1031:
899:
855:
840:
740:
389:
374:
318:
6725:
6485:
Reynolds, Christopher S. (September 2008). "Bringing black holes into focus".
5665:
4609:
3662:"Our Galaxy's Supermassive Black Hole Has Emitted a Mysteriously Bright Flare"
706:
After monitoring stellar orbits around Sagittarius A* for 16 years, Gillessen
11054:
10770:
10755:
10730:
8884:
8809:
8799:
8794:
8744:
8739:
8734:
8729:
8724:
8719:
8714:
8709:
8704:
8699:
8694:
8689:
8684:
8679:
8674:
8669:
8664:
8659:
8654:
8649:
8644:
8639:
8634:
8629:
8624:
8619:
8614:
8609:
8604:
8599:
8594:
8491:
8461:
8183:
8138:
7928:
7918:
7853:
7650:
7570:
7098:
7093:
6636:
6516:
6469:
6305:
6221:
6143:
6099:
6074:
6017:
5858:
5787:
5739:
5266:
5037:
4970:
4911:
4810:
4651:
4586:
4521:
4464:
4421:"An Upper Limit on the Spin of SgrA* Based on Stellar Orbits in Its Vicinity"
4405:
4396:
4302:
4265:"Discovery of a nearby 1700 km s−1 star ejected from the Milky Way by Sgr A*"
4205:
4142:
3632:"NASA's Chandra Detects Record-Breaking Outburst from Milky Way's Black Hole"
3576:
3408:
3326:
3116:
2836:
2759:
2751:
2653:
2635:
2509:
2462:"Astronomers reveal first image of the black hole at the heart of our galaxy"
2125:"Astronomers reveal first image of the black hole at the heart of our galaxy"
1917:
1104:
957:
627:
586:
568:
544:
489:
329:
70:
20:
8058:
6563:
5454:
5417:
4293:
4264:
10996:
10825:
10820:
10750:
10565:
10440:
10098:
8784:
8779:
8774:
8589:
8584:
8579:
8574:
8569:
8401:
8153:
8103:
8035:
7951:
7946:
7863:
7605:
7479:
7447:
7055:
6974:
6542:
Cosmic catastrophes: exploding stars, black holes, and mapping the universe
6524:
6229:
6082:
5512:
5394:
5274:
4844:
4734:
4659:
3757:
3297:
Genzel, R; Hollenbach, D; Townes, C H (1994). "The nucleus of our Galaxy".
3242:
1956:
Artist impression of the accretion of gas cloud G2 onto Sgr A*. Credit: ESO
675:, confined in a volume with a radius no more than 17 light-hours (120
661:
116:
8053:
5561:
3430:
2995:
The Galactic Center, Astronomical Society of the Pacific Conference Series
531:(absorption and scattering) by dust and gas between the source and Earth.
10421:
10416:
10366:
10361:
10108:
9209:
8750:
8359:
8098:
8093:
7903:
7777:
7771:
7645:
7595:
7549:
7452:
7327:
7266:
6991:
6899:
6697:
6681:
6646:"Swarm of dusty young stars found around our galaxy's central black hole"
6395:
6280:
6049:
5992:
5833:
5198:"Gas Guzzler: Cloud Could Soon Meet Its Demise in Milky Way's Black Hole"
5010:
4695:
4626:
4561:
4496:
4117:
3225:
3034:"Observations of Galactic Radiation at Frequencies of 1200 and 3000 Mc/s"
2705:
2599:
1362:
859:
501:
301:. Viewed from Earth, it is located near the border of the constellations
96:
8048:
6213:
6066:
5762:"How G2 survived the black hole at our Milky Way's heart - EarthSky.org"
5503:
5478:
5258:
4643:
4342:
2644:
355:
The observations of several stars orbiting Sagittarius A*, particularly
10715:
10620:
10615:
10610:
10605:
10600:
10595:
10590:
10585:
10580:
10575:
10570:
10555:
10198:
10193:
10088:
9927:
9259:
9254:
9159:
7796:
7635:
7565:
7534:
7509:
7462:
7457:
7442:
7108:
7045:
7035:
6936:
6772:
3758:"Most Detailed Observations of Material Orbiting close to a Black Hole"
2216:
1875:
1775:
1392:
754:
692:
672:
457:
430:
On May 12, 2022, the first image of Sagittarius A* was released by the
382:
364:
183:
154:
138:
11039:
5415:
5182:
4932:
4874:
GRAVITY Collaboration; Stadler, J.; Drescher, A. (December 14, 2021).
4766:
3057:
19:
This article is about the black hole. For the surrounding region, see
10861:
10720:
10348:
10188:
9998:
9917:
9907:
9897:
9892:
9887:
9872:
9867:
9861:
9845:
9835:
9782:
9772:
9757:
9667:
9487:
9477:
9422:
9402:
9392:
9357:
9352:
9347:
9274:
9064:
9059:
9034:
8213:
8148:
8043:
7966:
7898:
7893:
7757:
7745:
7670:
7317:
7220:
7008:
7003:
6703:
6682:
2004 paper deducing mass of central black hole from orbits of 7 stars
5624:
5620:"Doomed Space Cloud Nears Milky Way's Black Hole as Scientists Watch"
4076:"Integral rolls back history of Milky Way's super-massive black hole"
3108:
1927:
An analysis published on July 21, 2014, based on observations by the
1905:
Simulations of the passage were made before it happened by groups at
1583:
1463:
1374:
Stars moving around Sagittarius A*, 20-year timelapse, ending in 2018
1108:
1054:
929:
The mass of Sagittarius A* has been estimated in two different ways:
871:
851:
743:
lines within gas flowing into Sgr A*, according to astronomers.
700:
619:
504:. The telescope's measurement of these black holes tested Einstein's
465:
356:
298:
6508:
5418:"Colliding with G2 near the Galactic Centre: a geometrical approach"
4873:
2889:"The Milky Way's Monster Black Hole Has a Cool Gas Halo – Literally"
10804:
10799:
10699:
10694:
10689:
10684:
10679:
10674:
10669:
10664:
10534:
10529:
10524:
10519:
10514:
10509:
10504:
10499:
10494:
10489:
10484:
10479:
10474:
10469:
10464:
10459:
10356:
10290:
10283:
10278:
10083:
8969:
7810:
7580:
7539:
7437:
6611:
6461:
6412:
6344:
6297:
6009:
5961:(2nd ed.). Mill Valley, California: University Science Books.
5850:
5140:
5079:
5059:
Peissker, Florian; Eckart, Andreas; Parsa, Marzieh (January 2020).
4951:
4892:
4785:
4712:
4437:
4386:
4283:
4046:
3958:
3907:
3805:
3549:
3509:
3381:
3282:
3257:
3176:
3151:
2724:
2558:
2357:
2332:
2296:
2271:
2091:
1883:
1852:
1058:
1015:
736:
344:
310:
306:
6672:
Is there a Supermassive Black Hole at the Center of the Milky Way?
6671:
6444:
6196:
6118:
5888:
5714:
5436:
5369:
5316:
5241:
4180:
4001:"Astrophysicists Test Theories of Gravity with Black Hole Shadows"
3492:
1095:, traveling 1,755 km/s (3.93 million mph) or 0.006
418:
10273:
10258:
10078:
10048:
9787:
9134:
8564:
8208:
8168:
8163:
7620:
3630:
Chou, Felicia; Anderson, Janet; Watzke, Megan (January 5, 2015).
3431:"Best View Yet of Dusty Cloud Passing Galactic Centre Black Hole"
1092:
5416:
de la Fuente Marcos, R.; de la Fuente Marcos, C. (August 2013).
2427:"Focus on First Sgr A* Results from the Event Horizon Telescope"
803:
ejecta producing planet-forming material seen in radio and X-ray
718:
solar masses. The result was announced in 2008 and published in
10784:
10740:
10644:
10305:
10295:
10268:
7640:
7630:
7610:
7332:
6931:
6921:
6727:
Video (65:30) – EHT conference presenting first image of Sgr A*
4992:
Eckart, A.; Genzel, R.; Ott, T.; Schödel, R. (April 11, 2002).
4325:
4033:. Netherlands Research School for Astronomy. January 22, 2019.
3533:"An Update on Monitoring Stellar Orbits in the Galactic Center"
1395:
has been found to approach even more closely than those stars.
1111:
1043:
829:
688:
564:
461:
214:
196:
6741:
5698:
2374:"Astronomers confirm black hole at the heart of the Milky Way"
919:
882:) from Sgr A*. At that close distance to the black hole,
452:
10745:
10203:
8133:
6685:
6675:
4367:
1863:
1434:
in the catalog of the University of California, Los Angeles.
1426:), featuring the most prominent members. In the below table,
985:, plus a distributed mass in the central parsec amounting to
937:
to infer the enclosed mass. The German group found a mass of
785:
732:
556:
485:
63:
56:
7714:
5225:
4480:"Periodic Modulations in an X-ray Flare from Sagittarius A*"
4477:
3530:
635:
422:
The diameter of Sagittarius A* is smaller than the orbit of
269:
10253:
8369:
3635:
3085:"Probable observation of the galactic nucleus at 400 Mc./s"
2919:"Magnetic Fields May Muzzle Milky Way's Monster Black Hole"
2535:
2533:
2531:
1378:
1370:
964:, has yielded both an estimate of the black hole's mass at
875:
519:
Astronomers have been unable to observe Sgr A* in the
473:
258:
10991:
5957:
Astrophysics of gaseous nebulae and active galactic nuclei
5423:
Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society: Letters
4323:
3728:"Cloudlets swarm around our local supermassive black hole"
2863:"HAWC+, the Far-Infrared Camera and Polarimeter for SOFIA"
1038:
black hole. The black hole itself is thought to emit only
250:
5119:
2991:"The Discovery of the Radio Source Sagittarius A (Sgr A)"
2706:
The Event Horizon Telescope Collaboration (May 1, 2022).
2600:
The Event Horizon Telescope Collaboration (May 1, 2022).
2539:
2072:
477:
388:
In May 2022, astronomers released the first image of the
247:
6593:
5300:
4542:
3152:"Intense sub-arcsecond structure in the galactic center"
2677:"First Image of the Milky Way's Supermassive Black Hole"
2528:
2272:"Intense sub-arcsecond structure in the galactic center"
664:
of S2, they determined the mass of Sagittarius A* to be
5354:
5221:
5219:
2013: – Unexplained gamma rays from the galactic center
1022:, Sagittarius A*, at the center of the Milky Way galaxy
6720:
Image of supermassive black hole Sagittarius A* (2022)
4991:
4607:
3296:
3032:
Piddington, J. H.; Minnett, H. C. (December 1, 1951).
1117:
Several values have been given for its spin parameter
739:
falling into the black hole or by the entanglement of
16:
Supermassive black hole at the center of the Milky Way
10956:
5953:
Osterbrock, Donald E. & Ferland, Gary J. (2006).
4031:"Revealing the black hole at the heart of the galaxy"
3076:
1315:
1282:
1249:
1216:
1180:
1123:
278:
263:
244:
5216:
4419:
Fragione, Giacomo; Loeb, Abraham (October 1, 2020).
1003:. The latter is thought to be composed of stars and
266:
5058:
4263:Koposov, Sergey E; et al. (January 11, 2020).
1091:In July 2019, astronomers reported finding a star,
618:reported the observation of the motion of the star
255:
241:
10878:
6698:The Proper Motion of Sgr A* and the Mass of Sgr A*
6160:
5954:
5536:"Wiki Page of Proposed Observations of G2 Passage"
3629:
1382:Stars moving around Sagittarius A* as seen in 2021
1340:
1301:
1268:
1235:
1199:
1166:
757:energy were found associated with Sagittarius A*.
610:On October 16, 2002, an international team led by
4998:Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society
4876:"Deep images of the Galactic center with GRAVITY"
4374:Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society
4270:Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society
3031:
616:Max Planck Institute for Extraterrestrial Physics
11052:
8322:
5589:"Milky Way's black hole getting ready for snack"
3625:
3623:
2825:"Black Hole Picture Revealed for the First Time"
1853:Discovery of G2 gas cloud on an accretion course
1430:is the star's name in the Gillessen catalog and
1061:observed gamma rays interacting with the nearby
1042:at a negligible temperature, on the order of 10
385:was the only plausible explanation at the time.
5647:
5645:
2489:
2487:
1174:; some examples are Fragione & Loeb (2020)
945:solar masses, whereas the American group found
890:(GR) predicts that S2 would show a discernible
731:On January 5, 2015, NASA reported observing an
10852:
5617:
4256:
4094:
3362:
404:
8308:
7730:
6757:
6247:The black hole at the center of the Milky Way
5296:
5294:
5292:
3849:
3620:
3150:Balick, B.; Brown, R. L. (December 1, 1974).
2946:
2944:
2270:Balick, B.; Brown, R. L. (December 1, 1974).
1422:An excerpt from a table of this cluster (see
5642:
5586:
4418:
4220:
4157:
4068:
3684:
3596:
3594:
2982:
2964:"Karl Jansky: The Father of Radio Astronomy"
2484:
2073:The GRAVITY collaboration (September 2023).
6544:(2nd ed.). Cambridge ; New York:
5562:"A Black Hole's Dinner is Fast Approaching"
5183:"Galactic center S-star orbital parameters"
3210:
3149:
3083:McGee, R. X.; Bolton, J. G. (May 1, 1954).
3082:
3038:Australian Journal of Scientific Research A
2496:"The Milky Way's Black Hole Comes to Light"
2269:
492:of Sgr A* is approximately −2.70
101:−29° 0′ 28.118″
8315:
8301:
7737:
7723:
7323:Magnetospheric eternally collapsing object
6764:
6750:
6163:The black hole at the center of our galaxy
5289:
4680:
4674:
4100:
3780:
3025:
2941:
2456:
2454:
1167:{\displaystyle a_{*}={\frac {cJ}{GM^{2}}}}
10347:
6610:
6443:
6394:
6361:
6343:
6322:The Event Horizon Telescope Collaboration
6279:
6195:
6167:. Princeton: Princeton University Press.
6117:
6048:
5991:
5887:
5832:
5713:
5587:H Hirschfeld, Robert (October 22, 2012).
5502:
5453:
5435:
5368:
5315:
5240:
5157:
5139:
5096:
5078:
5027:
5009:
4960:
4950:
4901:
4891:
4784:
4694:
4625:
4560:
4495:
4454:
4436:
4395:
4385:
4341:
4292:
4282:
4179:
4116:
3975:
3957:
3916:
3906:
3804:
3591:
3566:
3548:
3491:
3473:
3471:
3398:
3380:
3281:
3224:
3175:
2988:
2741:
2723:
2643:
2625:
2595:
2593:
2557:
2418:
2371:
2365:
2356:
2295:
2108:
2090:
2068:
2066:
2064:
2062:
862:approach, in May 2018, at about 120
5409:
4163:
3998:
1916:As the cloud approached the black hole,
1377:
1369:
1361:
1010:
824:
649:
417:
408:
324:The object is a bright and very compact
11061:Astronomical objects discovered in 1974
7819:) may be read as "within" or "part of".
5618:Taylor Tillman, Nola (April 28, 2014).
4262:
4226:
3939:
3933:
3690:
2822:
2674:
2493:
2451:
2153:
1497:and pericenter speed in percent of the
1114:after interacting with Sagittarius A*.
788:flare from Sgr A* was detected in 2013.
753:In June 2023, unexplained filaments of
11053:
6706:regarding VLBI radio imaging of Sgr A*
6570:
5680:from the original on February 19, 2015
5593:Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory
5568:from the original on February 13, 2012
5476:
5348:
5195:
5189:
5061:"S62 on a 9.9 year orbit around SgrA*"
4855:from the original on December 14, 2021
4363:
4361:
4244:from the original on November 17, 2019
4078:. Hubble News Desk. January 28, 2005.
3884:
3882:
3786:
3468:
2590:
2231:from the original on November 10, 2018
2184:
2059:
1911:Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory
746:On 13 May 2019, astronomers using the
8296:
7718:
6745:
6643:
5768:from the original on February 5, 2016
5651:
5542:from the original on February 1, 2014
5533:
5200:. Scientific American. Archived from
5174:
4762:
4760:
4484:Journal of Physics: Conference Series
4082:from the original on October 16, 2012
3787:Genzel; et al. (July 26, 2018).
3768:from the original on November 1, 2018
3738:from the original on October 22, 2018
3255:
3131:from the original on January 30, 2022
2424:
2331:Brown, Robert L. (November 1, 1982).
2330:
2215:
2166:from the original on October 31, 2018
1026:The comparatively small mass of this
820:
589:of atoms are denoted with asterisks.
432:Event Horizon Telescope Collaboration
7699:
5923:The galactic supermassive black hole
5180:
4994:"Stellar orbits near Sagittarius A*"
3999:Rezzolla, Luciano (April 17, 2018).
3672:from the original on August 12, 2019
3642:from the original on January 6, 2015
3477:
2372:Henderson, Mark (December 9, 2009).
2209:
1470:is the epoch of pericenter passage,
583:National Radio Astronomy Observatory
398:Messier 87's supermassive black hole
59:
10836:Sagittarius Dwarf Spheroidal Galaxy
5052:
4358:
4037:from the original on March 18, 2019
3879:
3762:European Southern Observatory (ESO)
3750:
3064:from the original on April 13, 2021
2869:from the original on August 3, 2021
2687:from the original on August 2, 2022
2406:from the original on April 24, 2021
2251:Equatorial and Ecliptic Coordinates
2029:
1474:is the orbital period in years and
850:In July 2018, it was reported that
500:and −5.6 mas per year for the
13:
10831:Sagittarius Dwarf Irregular Galaxy
7825:
6320:
6249:. London: Imperial College Press.
5940:O'Neill, Ian (December 10, 2008).
5809:
5794:from the original on March 7, 2015
4825:from the original on July 27, 2020
4757:
4745:from the original on March 8, 2019
4011:from the original on April 2, 2019
3888:
3867:from the original on April 4, 2019
3837:from the original on April 4, 2019
3437:from the original on April 7, 2015
3013:from the original on March 3, 2021
2989:Goss, W. M.; McGee, R. X. (1996).
2970:from the original on June 28, 2019
2929:from the original on June 18, 2019
2899:from the original on June 19, 2019
2823:Overbye, Dennis (April 10, 2019).
2439:from the original on July 19, 2022
2193:. Business Insider. Archived from
2154:Parsons, Jeff (October 31, 2018).
1341:{\displaystyle a_{*}=0.90\pm 0.06}
956:More recently, measurement of the
14:
11087:
6722:, Harvard Center for Astrophysics
6665:
6644:Rayne, Elizabeth (July 4, 2024).
6331:The Astrophysical Journal Letters
5196:Matson, John (October 22, 2012).
3708:from the original on June 8, 2023
3256:Brown, R. L. (November 1, 1982).
2843:from the original on May 21, 2019
2804:from the original on May 14, 2019
2712:The Astrophysical Journal Letters
2606:The Astrophysical Journal Letters
2516:from the original on May 12, 2022
2472:from the original on May 12, 2022
2400:"The Nobel Prize in Physics 2020"
2185:Mosher, Dave (October 31, 2018).
2135:from the original on May 12, 2022
2017:List of nearest known black holes
1351:
577:as the probable Galactic Center.
11038:
11026:
11014:
11002:
10990:
10978:
10966:
10943:
10942:
8355:Sagittarius in Chinese astronomy
8277:
8276:
8266:
7698:
7689:
7688:
6987:Tolman–Oppenheimer–Volkoff limit
6858:
5479:"Astrophysics: The Final Plunge"
5477:Morris, Mark (January 4, 2012).
5029:10.1046/j.1365-8711.2002.05237.x
3940:Issaoun, S. (January 18, 2019).
2494:Overbye, Dennis (May 12, 2022).
1981:
1961:
1949:
910:of the black hole. According to
808:
793:
777:
762:
237:
35:
7104:Innermost stable circular orbit
6771:
6692:ESO video clip of orbiting star
6571:Banner, Tanja (March 2, 2023).
6263:
5952:
5780:
5754:
5692:
5611:
5580:
5554:
5527:
5470:
5113:
4985:
4926:
4867:
4837:
4727:
4601:
4536:
4471:
4412:
4317:
4053:
4023:
3992:
3720:
3654:
3609:
3524:
3449:
3423:
3356:
3341:
3290:
3249:
3204:
3192:
3143:
2956:
2950:
2911:
2881:
2855:
2816:
2786:
2774:
2699:
2675:Hensley, Kerry (May 12, 2022).
2668:
2425:Bower, Geoffrey C. (May 2022).
2392:
2324:
1493:are the pericenter distance in
843:and the four telescopes of the
710:estimated the object's mass at
634:(in the Ks-band, i.e. 2.1
7530:Timeline of black hole physics
5873:
5387:10.1103/PhysRevLett.110.221102
3600:
3299:Reports on Progress in Physics
2376:. Times Online. Archived from
2312:
2263:
2243:
2178:
2147:
2117:
2048:
1302:{\displaystyle a_{*}\sim 0.52}
1236:{\displaystyle a_{*}\sim 0.22}
603:and future Nobel Prize Winner
571:was identified in a letter to
441:Their result gives an overall
1:
8239:Andromeda–Milky Way collision
7744:
7298:Nonsingular black hole models
6484:
6181:
6097:
5925:. Princeton: Princeton Univ.
5304:Astrophysical Journal Letters
4059:
3262:Astrophysical Journal, Part 1
2042:
343:and Robert L. Brown, and the
41:Sagittarius A* imaged by the
10631:Small Sagittarius Star Cloud
8350:Large Sagittarius Star Cloud
8335:List of stars in Sagittarius
8324:Constellation of Sagittarius
6598:Astronomy & Astrophysics
6539:
6105:Astronomy & Astrophysics
6032:
5906:10.1088/0004-637X/692/2/1075
5181:Næss, S. (October 4, 2019).
4939:Astronomy & Astrophysics
4880:Astronomy & Astrophysics
4773:Astronomy & Astrophysics
4549:Astronomy & Astrophysics
4104:Astronomy & Astrophysics
3889:Lu, R.; et al. (2018).
3793:Astronomy & Astrophysics
3347:
2546:Astronomy & Astrophysics
2079:Astronomy & Astrophysics
1269:{\displaystyle a_{*}>0.4}
1200:{\displaystyle a_{*}<0.1}
697:intermediate-mass black hole
523:because of the effect of 25
7:
7520:Rossi X-ray Timing Explorer
7485:Hypercompact stellar system
7475:Gamma-ray burst progenitors
6629:10.1051/0004-6361/202449729
6427:
6378:
6244:
6136:10.1051/0004-6361/200810922
5939:
5816:
5732:10.1088/0004-637x/798/2/111
4962:10.1051/0004-6361/202142465
4903:10.1051/0004-6361/202142459
4803:10.1051/0004-6361/201833718
4198:10.1088/2041-8205/739/2/L52
4135:10.1051/0004-6361:200400064
3823:10.1051/0004-6361/201833718
3615:
3455:
2951:Osterbrock and Ferland 2006
2780:
2576:10.1051/0004-6361/201834294
2110:10.1051/0004-6361/202347416
2004:
405:Observation and description
10:
11092:
11066:Astronomical radio sources
10888:GLEAM-X J162759.5−523504.3
10234:SWEEPS J175902.67−291153.5
10229:SWEEPS J175902.00-291323.7
10224:SWEEPS J175853.92−291120.6
7206:Black hole complementarity
7173:Bousso's holographic bound
7158:Quasi-periodic oscillation
6856:
6850:Malament–Hogarth spacetime
6546:Cambridge University Press
6540:Wheeler, J. Craig (2007).
6158:
5920:
5564:. ESO. December 14, 2011.
5334:10.1088/2041-8205/796/1/L8
4579:10.1051/0004-6361:20065925
4514:10.1088/1742-6596/54/1/066
3319:10.1088/0034-4885/57/5/001
3198:
2318:
2011:Galactic Center GeV excess
1355:
691:(30,000 ± 2,000
534:
456:. At a distance of 26,000
309:, about 5.6° south of the
18:
10940:
10874:
10848:
10813:
10792:
10783:
10708:
10652:
10643:
10543:
10450:
10439:
10343:
9936:
9826:
9293:
8760:
8555:
8377:
8368:
8330:
8262:
8226:
8034:
8006:
7995:
7927:
7879:
7844:
7837:
7823:
7752:
7684:
7558:
7410:
7372:
7351:
7290:
7249:
7198:
7077:Gravitational singularity
7064:
6957:
6867:
6792:
6779:
6710:Peering into a Black Hole
6431:The Astrophysical Journal
6382:The Astrophysical Journal
6267:The Astrophysical Journal
5979:The Astrophysical Journal
5975:
5876:The Astrophysical Journal
5820:The Astrophysical Journal
5702:The Astrophysical Journal
5666:10.1038/nature.2014.15591
5127:The Astrophysical Journal
5066:The Astrophysical Journal
4683:The Astrophysical Journal
4425:The Astrophysical Journal
4167:The Astrophysical Journal
3946:The Astrophysical Journal
3537:The Astrophysical Journal
3369:The Astrophysical Journal
3213:Astronomische Nachrichten
2432:The Astrophysical Journal
2337:The Astrophysical Journal
2054:
721:The Astrophysical Journal
326:astronomical radio source
207:
203:
160:
153:
149:
110:
105:
50:
33:
11071:Supermassive black holes
10660:NGC 6822 (Bubble Nebula)
7661:PSO J030947.49+271757.31
7586:SDSS J150243.09+111557.3
7119:Blandford–Znajek process
6363:10.3847/2041-8213/ab0ec7
5363:(22): 221102 (5 pages).
5159:10.3847/1538-4357/ab9c1c
5098:10.3847/1538-4357/ab5afd
4456:10.3847/2041-8213/abb9b4
3977:10.3847/1538-4357/aaf732
3918:10.3847/1538-4357/aabe2e
3568:10.3847/1538-4357/aa5c41
3400:10.3847/1538-4357/ab0361
2743:10.3847/2041-8213/ac6429
2627:10.3847/2041-8213/ac6674
2542:Förster Schreiber, N. M.
2055:Reid and Brunthaler 2004
2022:
1018:found very close to the
313:, visually close to the
9954:2MASS J19513587-3510375
9949:2MASS J18352154–3123385
7871:Supermassive black hole
6917:Active galactic nucleus
6621:2024A&A...686A.235P
6128:2009A&A...502...91S
5357:Physical Review Letters
4795:2018A&A...615L..15G
4571:2006A&A...460...15M
4336:. Sissa Medialab: 048.
4127:2004A&A...425L..49R
3815:2018A&A...615L..15G
2568:2018A&A...618L..10G
2129:Event Horizon Telescope
2101:2023A&A...677L..10G
1309:and Daly et al. (2023)
1276:, Genzel et al. (2003)
1210:Belanger et al. (2006)
1080:active galactic nucleus
1028:supermassive black hole
1020:supermassive black hole
878:) (approximately 1,400
874:; 11 billion
640:interstellar extinction
394:Event Horizon Telescope
291:supermassive black hole
43:Event Horizon Telescope
9944:2MASS 19281982-2640123
8345:Central Molecular Zone
8159:Sagittarius Spheroidal
8021:Small Magellanic Cloud
8016:Large Magellanic Cloud
7973:Pisces-Eridanus stream
7831:
7545:Tidal disruption event
7515:Supermassive dark star
7433:Black holes in fiction
7418:Outline of black holes
7051:Supermassive dark star
6970:Gravitational collapse
6159:Melia, Fulvio (2003).
5921:Melia, Fulvio (2007).
4397:10.1093/mnras/stad3228
4330:Proceedings of Science
3243:10.1002/asna.200385047
2781:Backer and Sramek 1999
2256:July 21, 2019, at the
1424:Sagittarius A* cluster
1383:
1375:
1367:
1358:Sagittarius A* cluster
1342:
1303:
1270:
1243:, Meyer et al. (2006)
1237:
1201:
1168:
1023:
892:gravitational redshift
833:
656:
427:
415:
379:Nobel Prize in Physics
377:were awarded the 2020
10736:Large Molecule Heimat
7829:
7790:Laniakea Supercluster
7423:Black Hole Initiative
7236:Holographic principle
6578:Frankfurter Rundschau
5455:10.1093/mnrasl/slt085
4294:10.1093/mnras/stz3081
4230:(November 14, 2019).
3895:Astrophysical Journal
3480:Astrophysical Journal
3156:Astrophysical Journal
2276:Astrophysical Journal
1381:
1373:
1365:
1343:
1304:
1271:
1238:
1202:
1169:
1099:. The star is in the
1063:giant molecular cloud
1051:European Space Agency
1014:
962:statistical technique
908:gravitational lensing
828:
653:
638:) because of reduced
421:
412:
10928:Nova Sagittarii 1982
10427:SWIFT J1756.9-2508 b
10412:OGLE-2018-BLG-1119Lb
10377:KMT-2022-BLG-0440L b
7830:The Milky Way Galaxy
7226:Final parsec problem
7185:Schwarzschild radius
5764:. November 4, 2014.
2380:on December 16, 2008
2219:(November 7, 2018).
2191:The Middletown Press
1933:Very Large Telescope
1391:system. Since then,
1313:
1280:
1247:
1214:
1178:
1121:
916:Schwarzschild radius
858:, leading up to the
845:Very Large Telescope
784:An unusually bright
681:Schwarzschild radius
561:Potts Hill Reservoir
506:theory of relativity
10880:Astronomical events
10407:OGLE-2005-BLG-169Lb
10402:OGLE-2003-BLG-235Lb
10119:MACHO 176.18833.411
9210:V4647 (Pistol Star)
8397:β (Arkab Posterior)
7804:Observable universe
7525:Superluminal motion
7500:Population III star
7470:Gravitational waves
7428:Black hole starship
7211:Information paradox
6694:(533 KB MPEG Video)
6501:2008Natur.455...39R
6454:2008ApJ...689.1044G
6405:2003ApJ...586L.127G
6354:2019ApJ...875L...1E
6290:2003ApJ...597L.121E
6214:10.1038/nature07245
6206:2008Natur.455...78D
6067:10.1038/nature01121
6059:2002Natur.419..694S
6002:2004ApJ...616..872R
5898:2009ApJ...692.1075G
5843:1999ApJ...524..805B
5724:2015ApJ...798..111P
5652:Cowen, Ron (2014).
5504:10.1038/nature10767
5495:2012Natur.481...32M
5446:2013MNRAS.435L..19D
5379:2013PhRvL.110v1102B
5326:2014ApJ...796L...8W
5302:Periapse Passage".
5259:10.1038/nature10652
5251:2012Natur.481...51G
5150:2020ApJ...899...50P
5089:2020ApJ...889...61P
5020:2002MNRAS.331..917E
4705:2005ApJ...628..246E
4644:10.1038/nature02065
4636:2003Natur.425..934G
4506:2006JPhCS..54..420B
4447:2020ApJ...901L..32F
4343:10.22323/1.342.0048
4190:2011ApJ...739L..52N
3968:2019ApJ...871...30I
3668:. August 12, 2019.
3559:2017ApJ...837...30G
3502:2008ApJ...689.1044G
3391:2019ApJ...873...65S
3311:1994RPPh...57..417G
3274:1982ApJ...262..110B
3235:2003ANS...324..497G
3168:1974ApJ...194..265B
3101:1954Natur.173..985M
3050:1951AuSRA...4..459P
3007:1996ASPC..102..369G
2966:. August 29, 2012.
2734:2022ApJ...930L..14E
2618:2022ApJ...930L..12E
2402:. October 6, 2020.
2349:1982ApJ...262..110B
2288:1974ApJ...194..265B
2197:on October 31, 2018
880:Schwarzschild radii
624:degenerate fermions
559:radio telescope at
208:Database references
30:
10923:OGLE-2005-BLG-169L
10918:OGLE-2003-BLG-235L
10626:Quintuplet cluster
10397:MOA-2010-BLG-477Lb
10392:MOA-2009-BLG-387Lb
10387:MOA-2007-BLG-400Lb
10382:MOA-2007-BLG-192Lb
10372:K2-2016-BLG-0005Lb
10244:SWIFT J1756.9−2508
8417:ε (Kaus Australis)
8144:Pisces Overdensity
7978:Sagittarius Stream
7889:Carina–Sagittarius
7832:
7784:Virgo Supercluster
7765:Milky Way subgroup
7359:Optical black hole
7272:Reissner–Nordström
7231:Firewall (physics)
7136:Gravitational lens
6324:(April 10, 2019).
4237:The New York Times
3701:The New York Times
2829:The New York Times
2798:iopscience.iop.org
2501:The New York Times
1483:apparent magnitude
1384:
1376:
1368:
1338:
1299:
1266:
1233:
1197:
1164:
1024:
912:general relativity
888:general relativity
834:
821:Central black hole
657:
642:in this band. SiO
472:; 93 million
445:for the source of
436:aperture synthesis
428:
416:
330:Sagittarius A
28:
10954:
10953:
10936:
10935:
10913:MOA-2011-BLG-262L
10908:MOA-2010-BLG-477L
10903:MOA-2009-BLG-387L
10898:MOA-2007-BLG-400L
10893:MOA-2007-BLG-192L
10870:
10869:
10844:
10843:
10779:
10778:
10761:Red Spider Nebula
10639:
10638:
10435:
10434:
10339:
10338:
10124:MACHO-1997-BLG-41
10104:K2-2016-BLG-0005L
10094:Gomez's Hamburger
10059:HETE J1900.1-2455
9994:CWISEP J1935-1546
8457:λ (Kaus Borealis)
8290:
8289:
8254:Zone of Avoidance
8222:
8221:
8069:Canes Venatici II
8026:Magellanic Bridge
8008:Magellanic Clouds
7991:
7990:
7957:Magellanic Stream
7942:Fimbulthul stream
7712:
7711:
7505:Supermassive star
7495:Naked singularity
7490:Membrane paradigm
7216:Cosmic censorship
7190:Spaghettification
7178:Immirzi parameter
7131:Hawking radiation
7072:Astrophysical jet
7041:Supermassive star
7031:Binary black hole
6965:Stellar evolution
6907:Intermediate-mass
6555:978-0-521-85714-7
6256:978-1-86094-567-0
6174:978-0-691-09505-9
6043:(6908): 694–696.
5968:978-1-891389-34-4
5932:978-0-691-13129-0
4620:(6961): 934–937.
3863:. July 26, 2017.
3095:(4412): 985–987.
3058:10.1071/CH9510459
2925:. June 14, 2019.
2249:Calculated using
1992:
1971:
1894:and requested at
1850:
1849:
1162:
1040:Hawking radiation
943:0.38 million
801:Supernova remnant
716:0.38 million
699:, referred to as
601:Charles H. Townes
496:per year for the
470:astronomical unit
315:Butterfly Cluster
231:, abbreviated as
226:
225:
11083:
11043:
11042:
11031:
11030:
11029:
11019:
11018:
11017:
11007:
11006:
11005:
10995:
10994:
10983:
10982:
10971:
10970:
10969:
10962:
10946:
10945:
10876:
10875:
10850:
10849:
10790:
10789:
10650:
10649:
10448:
10447:
10345:
10344:
10219:SAX J1810.8−2609
10214:SAX J1808.4−3658
10209:SAX J1747.0−2853
10184:PSR J1748−2446ad
9846:164604 (Pincoya)
8375:
8374:
8317:
8310:
8303:
8294:
8293:
8280:
8279:
8272:Astronomy portal
8270:
8064:Canes Venatici I
8004:
8003:
7909:Scutum–Centaurus
7842:
7841:
7820:
7818:
7809:
7802:
7795:
7788:
7782:
7776:
7770:
7763:
7739:
7732:
7725:
7716:
7715:
7702:
7701:
7692:
7691:
7364:Sonic black hole
7313:Dark-energy star
7168:Bekenstein bound
7153:M–sigma relation
7082:Ring singularity
6862:
6766:
6759:
6752:
6743:
6742:
6728:
6660:
6658:
6656:
6640:
6614:
6590:
6588:
6586:
6567:
6536:
6481:
6447:
6438:(2): 1044–1062.
6424:
6398:
6396:astro-ph/0302299
6389:(2): L127–L131.
6375:
6365:
6347:
6317:
6283:
6281:astro-ph/0306220
6274:(2): L121–L124.
6260:
6241:
6199:
6178:
6166:
6155:
6121:
6094:
6052:
6050:astro-ph/0210426
6029:
5995:
5993:astro-ph/0408107
5972:
5960:
5949:
5936:
5917:
5891:
5882:(2): 1075–1109.
5870:
5836:
5834:astro-ph/9906048
5804:
5803:
5801:
5799:
5784:
5778:
5777:
5775:
5773:
5758:
5752:
5751:
5717:
5696:
5690:
5689:
5687:
5685:
5649:
5640:
5639:
5634:
5632:
5615:
5609:
5608:
5606:
5604:
5599:on June 19, 2013
5595:. Archived from
5584:
5578:
5577:
5575:
5573:
5558:
5552:
5551:
5549:
5547:
5531:
5525:
5524:
5506:
5474:
5468:
5467:
5457:
5439:
5413:
5407:
5406:
5372:
5352:
5346:
5345:
5319:
5298:
5287:
5286:
5244:
5223:
5214:
5213:
5211:
5209:
5204:on June 19, 2013
5193:
5187:
5186:
5178:
5172:
5171:
5161:
5143:
5117:
5111:
5110:
5100:
5082:
5056:
5050:
5049:
5031:
5013:
5011:astro-ph/0201031
4989:
4983:
4982:
4964:
4954:
4930:
4924:
4923:
4905:
4895:
4871:
4865:
4864:
4862:
4860:
4841:
4835:
4834:
4832:
4830:
4788:
4764:
4755:
4754:
4752:
4750:
4731:
4725:
4724:
4698:
4696:astro-ph/0502129
4678:
4672:
4671:
4629:
4627:astro-ph/0310821
4605:
4599:
4598:
4564:
4562:astro-ph/0610104
4540:
4534:
4533:
4499:
4497:astro-ph/0604337
4475:
4469:
4468:
4458:
4440:
4416:
4410:
4409:
4399:
4389:
4365:
4356:
4355:
4345:
4321:
4315:
4314:
4296:
4286:
4277:(2): 2465–2480.
4260:
4254:
4253:
4251:
4249:
4224:
4218:
4217:
4183:
4161:
4155:
4154:
4120:
4118:astro-ph/0408190
4098:
4092:
4091:
4089:
4087:
4072:
4066:
4057:
4051:
4050:
4044:
4042:
4027:
4021:
4020:
4018:
4016:
3996:
3990:
3989:
3979:
3961:
3937:
3931:
3930:
3920:
3910:
3886:
3877:
3876:
3874:
3872:
3853:
3847:
3846:
3844:
3842:
3808:
3784:
3778:
3777:
3775:
3773:
3754:
3748:
3747:
3745:
3743:
3724:
3718:
3717:
3715:
3713:
3694:(June 8, 2023).
3688:
3682:
3681:
3679:
3677:
3658:
3652:
3651:
3649:
3647:
3627:
3618:
3613:
3607:
3598:
3589:
3588:
3570:
3552:
3528:
3522:
3521:
3495:
3486:(2): 1044–1062.
3475:
3466:
3453:
3447:
3446:
3444:
3442:
3427:
3421:
3420:
3402:
3384:
3360:
3354:
3345:
3339:
3338:
3294:
3288:
3287:
3285:
3253:
3247:
3246:
3228:
3226:astro-ph/0305074
3208:
3202:
3196:
3190:
3189:
3179:
3147:
3141:
3140:
3138:
3136:
3109:10.1038/173985b0
3080:
3074:
3073:
3071:
3069:
3029:
3023:
3022:
3020:
3018:
2986:
2980:
2979:
2977:
2975:
2960:
2954:
2948:
2939:
2938:
2936:
2934:
2915:
2909:
2908:
2906:
2904:
2895:. June 5, 2019.
2885:
2879:
2878:
2876:
2874:
2859:
2853:
2852:
2850:
2848:
2820:
2814:
2813:
2811:
2809:
2790:
2784:
2778:
2772:
2771:
2745:
2727:
2703:
2697:
2696:
2694:
2692:
2672:
2666:
2665:
2647:
2629:
2597:
2588:
2587:
2561:
2537:
2526:
2525:
2523:
2521:
2491:
2482:
2481:
2479:
2477:
2468:. May 12, 2022.
2458:
2449:
2448:
2446:
2444:
2422:
2416:
2415:
2413:
2411:
2396:
2390:
2389:
2387:
2385:
2369:
2363:
2362:
2360:
2328:
2322:
2316:
2310:
2309:
2299:
2267:
2261:
2247:
2241:
2240:
2238:
2236:
2213:
2207:
2206:
2204:
2202:
2182:
2176:
2175:
2173:
2171:
2151:
2145:
2144:
2142:
2140:
2131:. May 12, 2022.
2121:
2115:
2114:
2112:
2094:
2070:
2057:
2052:
2036:
2033:
1994:
1993:
1973:
1972:
1953:
1504:
1503:
1478:is the infrared
1456:orbital elements
1418:
1416:
1410:
1408:
1347:
1345:
1344:
1339:
1325:
1324:
1308:
1306:
1305:
1300:
1292:
1291:
1275:
1273:
1272:
1267:
1259:
1258:
1242:
1240:
1239:
1234:
1226:
1225:
1206:
1204:
1203:
1198:
1190:
1189:
1173:
1171:
1170:
1165:
1163:
1161:
1160:
1159:
1146:
1138:
1133:
1132:
1077:
1073:
1005:stellar remnants
996:
994:
990:
978:
976:
973:
972:
952:
951:0.6 million
950:
944:
942:
904:relativistic jet
812:
797:
781:
766:
748:Keck Observatory
717:
715:
671:
670:0.6 million
669:
521:optical spectrum
455:
450:
362:
351:
342:
285:
281:
276:
275:
272:
271:
268:
265:
261:
260:
257:
253:
252:
249:
246:
243:
194:
192:
181:
179:
176:
136:
134:
128:
126:
91:
86:
51:Observation data
39:
31:
27:
11091:
11090:
11086:
11085:
11084:
11082:
11081:
11080:
11076:Galactic Center
11051:
11050:
11049:
11037:
11027:
11025:
11015:
11013:
11003:
11001:
10989:
10977:
10967:
10965:
10957:
10955:
10950:
10932:
10866:
10854:Galaxy clusters
10840:
10809:
10775:
10726:HCN-0.009-0.044
10704:
10635:
10551:1806−20 cluster
10539:
10442:
10431:
10335:
10129:MACHO-98-BLG-35
10069:IRAS 18162−2048
10064:IRAS 17423-1755
9989:Bursting Pulsar
9932:
9822:
9289:
8756:
8551:
8392:β (Arkab Prior)
8364:
8340:Galactic Center
8326:
8321:
8291:
8286:
8258:
8234:Alternate names
8218:
8030:
7998:
7987:
7937:Aquarius Stream
7923:
7875:
7846:Galactic Center
7833:
7821:
7816:
7814:
7813:
7807:
7800:
7793:
7786:
7780:
7774:
7768:
7761:
7748:
7743:
7713:
7708:
7680:
7656:ULAS J1342+0928
7616:SDSS J0849+1114
7601:Phoenix Cluster
7554:
7406:
7368:
7347:
7286:
7245:
7241:No-hair theorem
7194:
7148:Bondi accretion
7114:Penrose process
7060:
7026:Gamma-ray burst
6953:
6863:
6854:
6840:Direct collapse
6788:
6775:
6770:
6726:
6668:
6663:
6654:
6652:
6584:
6582:
6556:
6509:10.1038/455039a
6495:(7209): 39–40.
6257:
6190:(7209): 78–80.
6175:
5969:
5933:
5812:
5810:Further reading
5807:
5797:
5795:
5786:
5785:
5781:
5771:
5769:
5760:
5759:
5755:
5697:
5693:
5683:
5681:
5650:
5643:
5630:
5628:
5616:
5612:
5602:
5600:
5585:
5581:
5571:
5569:
5560:
5559:
5555:
5545:
5543:
5532:
5528:
5489:(7379): 32–33.
5475:
5471:
5414:
5410:
5353:
5349:
5299:
5290:
5235:(7379): 51–54.
5224:
5217:
5207:
5205:
5194:
5190:
5179:
5175:
5118:
5114:
5057:
5053:
4990:
4986:
4931:
4927:
4872:
4868:
4858:
4856:
4843:
4842:
4838:
4828:
4826:
4765:
4758:
4748:
4746:
4733:
4732:
4728:
4679:
4675:
4606:
4602:
4541:
4537:
4476:
4472:
4417:
4413:
4366:
4359:
4322:
4318:
4261:
4257:
4247:
4245:
4228:Overbye, Dennis
4225:
4221:
4162:
4158:
4099:
4095:
4085:
4083:
4074:
4073:
4069:
4058:
4054:
4040:
4038:
4029:
4028:
4024:
4014:
4012:
3997:
3993:
3938:
3934:
3887:
3880:
3870:
3868:
3855:
3854:
3850:
3840:
3838:
3785:
3781:
3771:
3769:
3756:
3755:
3751:
3741:
3739:
3726:
3725:
3721:
3711:
3709:
3692:Overbye, Dennis
3689:
3685:
3675:
3673:
3660:
3659:
3655:
3645:
3643:
3628:
3621:
3614:
3610:
3599:
3592:
3529:
3525:
3476:
3469:
3454:
3450:
3440:
3438:
3429:
3428:
3424:
3361:
3357:
3346:
3342:
3295:
3291:
3254:
3250:
3209:
3205:
3197:
3193:
3148:
3144:
3134:
3132:
3081:
3077:
3067:
3065:
3030:
3026:
3016:
3014:
2987:
2983:
2973:
2971:
2962:
2961:
2957:
2949:
2942:
2932:
2930:
2917:
2916:
2912:
2902:
2900:
2887:
2886:
2882:
2872:
2870:
2861:
2860:
2856:
2846:
2844:
2821:
2817:
2807:
2805:
2792:
2791:
2787:
2779:
2775:
2704:
2700:
2690:
2688:
2673:
2669:
2598:
2591:
2538:
2529:
2519:
2517:
2492:
2485:
2475:
2473:
2460:
2459:
2452:
2442:
2440:
2423:
2419:
2409:
2407:
2398:
2397:
2393:
2383:
2381:
2370:
2366:
2329:
2325:
2317:
2313:
2268:
2264:
2258:Wayback Machine
2248:
2244:
2234:
2232:
2214:
2210:
2200:
2198:
2183:
2179:
2169:
2167:
2152:
2148:
2138:
2136:
2123:
2122:
2118:
2071:
2060:
2053:
2049:
2045:
2040:
2039:
2034:
2030:
2025:
2007:
2002:
2001:
2000:
1999:
1998:
1995:
1982:
1978:
1977:
1974:
1962:
1958:
1957:
1954:
1855:
1417:8,840 km/s
1414:
1412:
1406:
1404:
1360:
1354:
1320:
1316:
1314:
1311:
1310:
1287:
1283:
1281:
1278:
1277:
1254:
1250:
1248:
1245:
1244:
1221:
1217:
1215:
1212:
1211:
1185:
1181:
1179:
1176:
1175:
1155:
1151:
1147:
1139:
1137:
1128:
1124:
1122:
1119:
1118:
1075:
1069:
1002:
999:
992:
988:
986:
984:
981:
974:
970:
968:
967:
965:
948:
946:
940:
938:
823:
816:
813:
804:
798:
789:
782:
773:
767:
726:Reinhard Genzel
713:
711:
685:Galactic Center
667:
665:
662:Keplerian orbit
612:Reinhard Genzel
605:Reinhard Genzel
596:team involving
549:Jack Piddington
539:In April 1933,
537:
498:right ascension
448:
446:
407:
371:Reinhard Genzel
360:
347:
336:
295:Galactic Center
283:
279:
262:
254:
240:
236:
190:
188:
186:
177:
174:
172:
144:
141:
132:
130:
129:
124:
122:
89:
84:Right ascension
82:
52:
46:
40:
29:Sagittarius A*
24:
17:
12:
11:
5:
11089:
11079:
11078:
11073:
11068:
11063:
11048:
11047:
11035:
11023:
11011:
10999:
10987:
10975:
10952:
10951:
10941:
10938:
10937:
10934:
10933:
10931:
10930:
10925:
10920:
10915:
10910:
10905:
10900:
10895:
10890:
10884:
10882:
10872:
10871:
10868:
10867:
10865:
10864:
10858:
10856:
10846:
10845:
10842:
10841:
10839:
10838:
10833:
10828:
10823:
10817:
10815:
10811:
10810:
10808:
10807:
10802:
10796:
10794:
10787:
10781:
10780:
10777:
10776:
10774:
10773:
10768:
10763:
10758:
10753:
10748:
10743:
10738:
10733:
10728:
10723:
10718:
10712:
10710:
10706:
10705:
10703:
10702:
10697:
10692:
10687:
10682:
10677:
10672:
10667:
10662:
10656:
10654:
10647:
10641:
10640:
10637:
10636:
10634:
10633:
10628:
10623:
10618:
10613:
10608:
10603:
10598:
10593:
10588:
10583:
10578:
10573:
10568:
10563:
10561:Arches Cluster
10558:
10553:
10547:
10545:
10541:
10540:
10538:
10537:
10532:
10527:
10522:
10517:
10512:
10507:
10502:
10497:
10492:
10487:
10482:
10477:
10472:
10467:
10462:
10456:
10454:
10445:
10437:
10436:
10433:
10432:
10430:
10429:
10424:
10419:
10414:
10409:
10404:
10399:
10394:
10389:
10384:
10379:
10374:
10369:
10364:
10359:
10353:
10351:
10341:
10340:
10337:
10336:
10334:
10333:
10328:
10323:
10318:
10313:
10308:
10303:
10298:
10293:
10288:
10287:
10286:
10281:
10276:
10266:
10261:
10256:
10251:
10246:
10241:
10239:Swift J1745-26
10236:
10231:
10226:
10221:
10216:
10211:
10206:
10201:
10196:
10191:
10186:
10181:
10179:PSR J1747−2958
10176:
10174:PSR J1808−2024
10171:
10166:
10161:
10156:
10151:
10146:
10141:
10136:
10134:NGC 6822-WR 12
10131:
10126:
10121:
10116:
10111:
10106:
10101:
10096:
10091:
10086:
10081:
10076:
10071:
10066:
10061:
10056:
10051:
10046:
10041:
10036:
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10026:
10021:
10016:
10011:
10006:
10001:
9996:
9991:
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9976:
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9966:
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9938:
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9925:
9920:
9915:
9910:
9905:
9900:
9895:
9890:
9885:
9880:
9875:
9870:
9865:
9858:
9853:
9848:
9843:
9838:
9832:
9830:
9824:
9823:
9821:
9820:
9815:
9810:
9805:
9800:
9795:
9790:
9785:
9780:
9775:
9770:
9765:
9760:
9755:
9750:
9745:
9740:
9735:
9730:
9725:
9720:
9715:
9710:
9705:
9700:
9695:
9690:
9685:
9680:
9675:
9670:
9665:
9660:
9655:
9650:
9645:
9640:
9635:
9630:
9625:
9620:
9615:
9610:
9605:
9600:
9595:
9590:
9585:
9580:
9575:
9570:
9565:
9560:
9555:
9550:
9545:
9540:
9535:
9530:
9525:
9520:
9515:
9510:
9505:
9500:
9495:
9490:
9485:
9480:
9475:
9470:
9465:
9460:
9455:
9450:
9445:
9440:
9435:
9430:
9425:
9420:
9415:
9410:
9405:
9400:
9395:
9390:
9385:
9380:
9375:
9370:
9365:
9360:
9355:
9350:
9345:
9340:
9335:
9330:
9325:
9320:
9315:
9310:
9305:
9299:
9297:
9291:
9290:
9288:
9287:
9282:
9277:
9272:
9267:
9262:
9257:
9252:
9247:
9242:
9237:
9232:
9227:
9222:
9217:
9212:
9207:
9202:
9197:
9192:
9187:
9182:
9177:
9172:
9167:
9162:
9157:
9152:
9147:
9142:
9137:
9132:
9127:
9122:
9117:
9112:
9107:
9102:
9097:
9092:
9087:
9082:
9077:
9072:
9067:
9062:
9057:
9052:
9047:
9042:
9037:
9032:
9027:
9022:
9017:
9012:
9007:
9002:
8997:
8992:
8987:
8982:
8977:
8972:
8967:
8962:
8957:
8952:
8947:
8942:
8937:
8932:
8927:
8922:
8917:
8912:
8907:
8902:
8897:
8892:
8887:
8882:
8877:
8872:
8867:
8862:
8857:
8852:
8847:
8842:
8837:
8832:
8827:
8822:
8817:
8812:
8807:
8802:
8797:
8792:
8787:
8782:
8777:
8772:
8766:
8764:
8758:
8757:
8755:
8754:
8747:
8742:
8737:
8732:
8727:
8722:
8717:
8712:
8707:
8702:
8697:
8692:
8687:
8682:
8677:
8672:
8667:
8662:
8657:
8652:
8647:
8642:
8637:
8632:
8627:
8622:
8617:
8612:
8607:
8602:
8597:
8592:
8587:
8582:
8577:
8572:
8567:
8561:
8559:
8553:
8552:
8550:
8549:
8547:ω (Terebellum)
8544:
8539:
8534:
8529:
8524:
8519:
8514:
8509:
8504:
8499:
8494:
8489:
8484:
8479:
8474:
8469:
8464:
8459:
8454:
8449:
8444:
8439:
8434:
8429:
8424:
8419:
8414:
8412:δ (Kaus Media)
8409:
8404:
8399:
8394:
8389:
8383:
8381:
8372:
8366:
8365:
8363:
8362:
8357:
8352:
8347:
8342:
8337:
8331:
8328:
8327:
8320:
8319:
8312:
8305:
8297:
8288:
8287:
8285:
8284:
8274:
8263:
8260:
8259:
8257:
8256:
8251:
8246:
8244:Baade's Window
8241:
8236:
8230:
8228:
8224:
8223:
8220:
8219:
8217:
8216:
8211:
8206:
8201:
8199:Ursa Major III
8196:
8191:
8186:
8181:
8176:
8171:
8166:
8161:
8156:
8151:
8146:
8141:
8136:
8131:
8126:
8121:
8116:
8111:
8106:
8101:
8096:
8091:
8086:
8084:Coma Berenices
8081:
8076:
8071:
8066:
8061:
8056:
8051:
8046:
8040:
8038:
8032:
8031:
8029:
8028:
8023:
8018:
8012:
8010:
8001:
7993:
7992:
7989:
7988:
7986:
7985:
7980:
7975:
7970:
7964:
7962:Monoceros Ring
7959:
7954:
7949:
7944:
7939:
7933:
7931:
7925:
7924:
7922:
7921:
7916:
7914:Near 3 kpc Arm
7911:
7906:
7901:
7896:
7891:
7885:
7883:
7877:
7876:
7874:
7873:
7868:
7867:
7866:
7859:Sagittarius A*
7856:
7850:
7848:
7839:
7835:
7834:
7824:
7822:
7756:
7754:
7750:
7749:
7742:
7741:
7734:
7727:
7719:
7710:
7709:
7707:
7706:
7696:
7685:
7682:
7681:
7679:
7678:
7676:Swift J1644+57
7673:
7668:
7663:
7658:
7653:
7648:
7643:
7638:
7633:
7628:
7626:MS 0735.6+7421
7623:
7618:
7613:
7608:
7603:
7598:
7593:
7591:Sagittarius A*
7588:
7583:
7578:
7573:
7568:
7562:
7560:
7556:
7555:
7553:
7552:
7547:
7542:
7537:
7532:
7527:
7522:
7517:
7512:
7507:
7502:
7497:
7492:
7487:
7482:
7477:
7472:
7467:
7466:
7465:
7460:
7450:
7445:
7440:
7435:
7430:
7425:
7420:
7414:
7412:
7408:
7407:
7405:
7404:
7399:
7394:
7389:
7384:
7378:
7376:
7370:
7369:
7367:
7366:
7361:
7355:
7353:
7349:
7348:
7346:
7345:
7340:
7335:
7330:
7325:
7320:
7315:
7310:
7305:
7300:
7294:
7292:
7288:
7287:
7285:
7284:
7279:
7274:
7269:
7264:
7253:
7251:
7247:
7246:
7244:
7243:
7238:
7233:
7228:
7223:
7218:
7213:
7208:
7202:
7200:
7196:
7195:
7193:
7192:
7187:
7182:
7181:
7180:
7170:
7165:
7163:Thermodynamics
7160:
7155:
7150:
7145:
7144:
7143:
7133:
7128:
7126:Accretion disk
7123:
7122:
7121:
7116:
7106:
7101:
7096:
7091:
7090:
7089:
7084:
7074:
7068:
7066:
7062:
7061:
7059:
7058:
7053:
7048:
7043:
7038:
7033:
7028:
7023:
7022:
7021:
7016:
7011:
7001:
7000:
6999:
6989:
6984:
6983:
6982:
6972:
6967:
6961:
6959:
6955:
6954:
6952:
6951:
6950:
6949:
6944:
6939:
6934:
6929:
6924:
6919:
6909:
6904:
6903:
6902:
6892:
6891:
6890:
6887:
6882:
6871:
6869:
6865:
6864:
6857:
6855:
6853:
6852:
6847:
6842:
6837:
6832:
6827:
6822:
6817:
6812:
6807:
6802:
6800:BTZ black hole
6796:
6794:
6790:
6789:
6787:
6786:
6780:
6777:
6776:
6769:
6768:
6761:
6754:
6746:
6740:
6739:
6738:; 12 May 2022)
6723:
6717:
6714:New York Times
6707:
6701:
6695:
6689:
6679:
6667:
6666:External links
6664:
6662:
6661:
6641:
6591:
6568:
6554:
6537:
6482:
6462:10.1086/592738
6425:
6413:10.1086/374804
6376:
6318:
6298:10.1086/380188
6261:
6255:
6242:
6179:
6173:
6156:
6095:
6030:
6010:10.1086/424960
5986:(2): 872–884.
5973:
5967:
5950:
5946:Universe Today
5937:
5931:
5918:
5871:
5851:10.1086/307857
5827:(2): 805–815.
5813:
5811:
5808:
5806:
5805:
5779:
5753:
5691:
5641:
5610:
5579:
5553:
5526:
5469:
5430:(1): L19–L23.
5408:
5347:
5288:
5215:
5188:
5173:
5112:
5051:
5004:(4): 917–934.
4984:
4925:
4866:
4836:
4756:
4726:
4713:10.1086/430667
4689:(1): 246–259.
4673:
4600:
4535:
4470:
4411:
4380:(1): 428–436.
4357:
4316:
4255:
4219:
4156:
4111:(3): L49–L52.
4093:
4067:
4052:
4022:
3991:
3932:
3878:
3848:
3779:
3749:
3719:
3683:
3653:
3619:
3608:
3590:
3523:
3510:10.1086/592738
3467:
3448:
3422:
3355:
3340:
3305:(5): 417–479.
3289:
3283:10.1086/160401
3248:
3203:
3191:
3177:10.1086/153242
3162:(1): 265–270.
3142:
3075:
3024:
2981:
2955:
2940:
2910:
2880:
2854:
2815:
2785:
2773:
2698:
2667:
2589:
2527:
2483:
2450:
2417:
2391:
2364:
2358:10.1086/160401
2323:
2311:
2297:10.1086/153242
2282:(1): 265–270.
2262:
2242:
2208:
2177:
2146:
2116:
2058:
2046:
2044:
2041:
2038:
2037:
2027:
2026:
2024:
2021:
2020:
2019:
2014:
2006:
2003:
1996:
1980:
1979:
1975:
1960:
1959:
1955:
1948:
1947:
1946:
1945:
1944:
1854:
1851:
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1847:
1844:
1841:
1838:
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1832:
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1573:
1570:
1567:
1564:
1561:
1558:
1555:
1552:
1549:
1546:
1542:
1541:
1538:
1535:
1532:
1529:
1526:
1523:
1520:
1517:
1514:
1511:
1508:
1499:speed of light
1356:Main article:
1353:
1352:Orbiting stars
1350:
1337:
1334:
1331:
1328:
1323:
1319:
1298:
1295:
1290:
1286:
1265:
1262:
1257:
1253:
1232:
1229:
1224:
1220:
1196:
1193:
1188:
1184:
1158:
1154:
1150:
1145:
1142:
1136:
1131:
1127:
1066:Sagittarius B2
1032:Seyfert galaxy
1009:
1008:
1000:
997:
982:
979:
958:proper motions
954:
900:accretion disc
856:speed of light
841:interferometer
822:
819:
818:
817:
814:
807:
805:
799:
792:
790:
783:
776:
774:
768:
761:
741:magnetic field
632:interferometry
598:Nobel Laureate
587:excited states
536:
533:
406:
403:
390:accretion disk
363:0.012 million
319:Lambda Scorpii
229:Sagittarius A*
224:
223:
218:
210:
209:
205:
204:
201:
200:
170:
162:
161:
158:
157:
151:
150:
147:
146:
142:
139:
120:
112:
111:
108:
107:
103:
102:
99:
93:
92:
87:
79:
78:
73:
67:
66:
48:
47:
34:
15:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
11088:
11077:
11074:
11072:
11069:
11067:
11064:
11062:
11059:
11058:
11056:
11046:
11041:
11036:
11034:
11024:
11022:
11012:
11010:
11000:
10998:
10993:
10988:
10986:
10981:
10976:
10974:
10964:
10963:
10960:
10949:
10939:
10929:
10926:
10924:
10921:
10919:
10916:
10914:
10911:
10909:
10906:
10904:
10901:
10899:
10896:
10894:
10891:
10889:
10886:
10885:
10883:
10881:
10877:
10873:
10863:
10860:
10859:
10857:
10855:
10851:
10847:
10837:
10834:
10832:
10829:
10827:
10824:
10822:
10819:
10818:
10816:
10812:
10806:
10803:
10801:
10798:
10797:
10795:
10791:
10788:
10786:
10782:
10772:
10771:Trifid Nebula
10769:
10767:
10764:
10762:
10759:
10757:
10756:Pistol Nebula
10754:
10752:
10749:
10747:
10744:
10742:
10739:
10737:
10734:
10732:
10731:Lagoon Nebula
10729:
10727:
10724:
10722:
10719:
10717:
10714:
10713:
10711:
10707:
10701:
10698:
10696:
10693:
10691:
10688:
10686:
10683:
10681:
10678:
10676:
10673:
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10668:
10666:
10663:
10661:
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10657:
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10642:
10632:
10629:
10627:
10624:
10622:
10619:
10617:
10614:
10612:
10609:
10607:
10604:
10602:
10599:
10597:
10594:
10592:
10589:
10587:
10584:
10582:
10579:
10577:
10574:
10572:
10569:
10567:
10564:
10562:
10559:
10557:
10554:
10552:
10549:
10548:
10546:
10542:
10536:
10533:
10531:
10528:
10526:
10523:
10521:
10518:
10516:
10513:
10511:
10508:
10506:
10503:
10501:
10498:
10496:
10493:
10491:
10488:
10486:
10483:
10481:
10478:
10476:
10473:
10471:
10468:
10466:
10463:
10461:
10458:
10457:
10455:
10453:
10449:
10446:
10444:
10438:
10428:
10425:
10423:
10420:
10418:
10415:
10413:
10410:
10408:
10405:
10403:
10400:
10398:
10395:
10393:
10390:
10388:
10385:
10383:
10380:
10378:
10375:
10373:
10370:
10368:
10365:
10363:
10360:
10358:
10355:
10354:
10352:
10350:
10346:
10342:
10332:
10331:XTE J1814−338
10329:
10327:
10326:XTE J1810−197
10324:
10322:
10321:XTE J1807−294
10319:
10317:
10316:XTE J1748−288
10314:
10312:
10309:
10307:
10304:
10302:
10299:
10297:
10294:
10292:
10289:
10285:
10282:
10280:
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10260:
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10227:
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10167:
10165:
10162:
10160:
10157:
10155:
10152:
10150:
10147:
10145:
10142:
10140:
10139:PSR B1744−24A
10137:
10135:
10132:
10130:
10127:
10125:
10122:
10120:
10117:
10115:
10114:LS IV -12 111
10112:
10110:
10107:
10105:
10102:
10100:
10097:
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10020:
10017:
10015:
10012:
10010:
10007:
10005:
10002:
10000:
9997:
9995:
9992:
9990:
9987:
9985:
9982:
9980:
9977:
9975:
9972:
9970:
9967:
9965:
9962:
9960:
9957:
9955:
9952:
9950:
9947:
9945:
9942:
9941:
9939:
9935:
9929:
9926:
9924:
9921:
9919:
9916:
9914:
9911:
9909:
9906:
9904:
9901:
9899:
9896:
9894:
9891:
9889:
9886:
9884:
9881:
9879:
9876:
9874:
9871:
9869:
9866:
9864:
9863:
9859:
9857:
9854:
9852:
9849:
9847:
9844:
9842:
9839:
9837:
9834:
9833:
9831:
9829:
9825:
9819:
9816:
9814:
9811:
9809:
9806:
9804:
9801:
9799:
9796:
9794:
9791:
9789:
9786:
9784:
9781:
9779:
9776:
9774:
9771:
9769:
9766:
9764:
9761:
9759:
9756:
9754:
9751:
9749:
9746:
9744:
9741:
9739:
9736:
9734:
9731:
9729:
9726:
9724:
9721:
9719:
9716:
9714:
9711:
9709:
9706:
9704:
9701:
9699:
9696:
9694:
9691:
9689:
9686:
9684:
9681:
9679:
9676:
9674:
9671:
9669:
9666:
9664:
9661:
9659:
9656:
9654:
9651:
9649:
9646:
9644:
9641:
9639:
9636:
9634:
9631:
9629:
9626:
9624:
9621:
9619:
9616:
9614:
9611:
9609:
9606:
9604:
9601:
9599:
9596:
9594:
9591:
9589:
9586:
9584:
9581:
9579:
9576:
9574:
9571:
9569:
9566:
9564:
9561:
9559:
9556:
9554:
9551:
9549:
9546:
9544:
9541:
9539:
9536:
9534:
9531:
9529:
9526:
9524:
9521:
9519:
9516:
9514:
9511:
9509:
9506:
9504:
9501:
9499:
9496:
9494:
9491:
9489:
9486:
9484:
9481:
9479:
9476:
9474:
9471:
9469:
9466:
9464:
9461:
9459:
9456:
9454:
9451:
9449:
9446:
9444:
9441:
9439:
9436:
9434:
9431:
9429:
9426:
9424:
9421:
9419:
9416:
9414:
9411:
9409:
9406:
9404:
9401:
9399:
9396:
9394:
9391:
9389:
9386:
9384:
9381:
9379:
9376:
9374:
9371:
9369:
9366:
9364:
9361:
9359:
9356:
9354:
9351:
9349:
9346:
9344:
9341:
9339:
9336:
9334:
9331:
9329:
9326:
9324:
9321:
9319:
9316:
9314:
9311:
9309:
9306:
9304:
9301:
9300:
9298:
9296:
9292:
9286:
9283:
9281:
9278:
9276:
9273:
9271:
9268:
9266:
9263:
9261:
9258:
9256:
9253:
9251:
9248:
9246:
9243:
9241:
9238:
9236:
9233:
9231:
9228:
9226:
9223:
9221:
9218:
9216:
9213:
9211:
9208:
9206:
9203:
9201:
9198:
9196:
9193:
9191:
9188:
9186:
9183:
9181:
9178:
9176:
9173:
9171:
9168:
9166:
9163:
9161:
9158:
9156:
9153:
9151:
9148:
9146:
9143:
9141:
9138:
9136:
9133:
9131:
9128:
9126:
9123:
9121:
9118:
9116:
9113:
9111:
9108:
9106:
9103:
9101:
9098:
9096:
9093:
9091:
9088:
9086:
9083:
9081:
9078:
9076:
9073:
9071:
9068:
9066:
9063:
9061:
9058:
9056:
9053:
9051:
9048:
9046:
9043:
9041:
9038:
9036:
9033:
9031:
9028:
9026:
9023:
9021:
9018:
9016:
9013:
9011:
9008:
9006:
9003:
9001:
8998:
8996:
8993:
8991:
8988:
8986:
8983:
8981:
8978:
8976:
8973:
8971:
8968:
8966:
8963:
8961:
8958:
8956:
8953:
8951:
8948:
8946:
8943:
8941:
8938:
8936:
8933:
8931:
8928:
8926:
8923:
8921:
8918:
8916:
8913:
8911:
8908:
8906:
8903:
8901:
8898:
8896:
8893:
8891:
8888:
8886:
8883:
8881:
8878:
8876:
8873:
8871:
8868:
8866:
8863:
8861:
8858:
8856:
8853:
8851:
8848:
8846:
8843:
8841:
8838:
8836:
8833:
8831:
8828:
8826:
8823:
8821:
8818:
8816:
8813:
8811:
8808:
8806:
8803:
8801:
8798:
8796:
8793:
8791:
8788:
8786:
8783:
8781:
8778:
8776:
8773:
8771:
8768:
8767:
8765:
8763:
8759:
8753:
8752:
8748:
8746:
8743:
8741:
8738:
8736:
8733:
8731:
8728:
8726:
8723:
8721:
8718:
8716:
8713:
8711:
8708:
8706:
8703:
8701:
8698:
8696:
8693:
8691:
8688:
8686:
8683:
8681:
8678:
8676:
8673:
8671:
8668:
8666:
8663:
8661:
8658:
8656:
8653:
8651:
8648:
8646:
8643:
8641:
8638:
8636:
8633:
8631:
8628:
8626:
8623:
8621:
8618:
8616:
8613:
8611:
8608:
8606:
8603:
8601:
8598:
8596:
8593:
8591:
8588:
8586:
8583:
8581:
8578:
8576:
8573:
8571:
8568:
8566:
8563:
8562:
8560:
8558:
8554:
8548:
8545:
8543:
8540:
8538:
8535:
8533:
8530:
8528:
8525:
8523:
8520:
8518:
8515:
8513:
8510:
8508:
8505:
8503:
8500:
8498:
8495:
8493:
8490:
8488:
8485:
8483:
8480:
8478:
8475:
8473:
8470:
8468:
8467:ν (Ainalrami)
8465:
8463:
8460:
8458:
8455:
8453:
8450:
8448:
8445:
8443:
8440:
8438:
8435:
8433:
8430:
8428:
8425:
8423:
8420:
8418:
8415:
8413:
8410:
8408:
8405:
8403:
8400:
8398:
8395:
8393:
8390:
8388:
8385:
8384:
8382:
8380:
8376:
8373:
8371:
8367:
8361:
8358:
8356:
8353:
8351:
8348:
8346:
8343:
8341:
8338:
8336:
8333:
8332:
8329:
8325:
8318:
8313:
8311:
8306:
8304:
8299:
8298:
8295:
8283:
8275:
8273:
8269:
8265:
8264:
8261:
8255:
8252:
8250:
8247:
8245:
8242:
8240:
8237:
8235:
8232:
8231:
8229:
8225:
8215:
8212:
8210:
8207:
8205:
8202:
8200:
8197:
8195:
8194:Ursa Major II
8192:
8190:
8187:
8185:
8184:Triangulum II
8182:
8180:
8177:
8175:
8172:
8170:
8167:
8165:
8162:
8160:
8157:
8155:
8152:
8150:
8147:
8145:
8142:
8140:
8137:
8135:
8132:
8130:
8127:
8125:
8122:
8120:
8117:
8115:
8112:
8110:
8107:
8105:
8102:
8100:
8097:
8095:
8092:
8090:
8087:
8085:
8082:
8080:
8077:
8075:
8072:
8070:
8067:
8065:
8062:
8060:
8057:
8055:
8052:
8050:
8047:
8045:
8042:
8041:
8039:
8037:
8033:
8027:
8024:
8022:
8019:
8017:
8014:
8013:
8011:
8009:
8005:
8002:
8000:
7994:
7984:
7981:
7979:
7976:
7974:
7971:
7968:
7965:
7963:
7960:
7958:
7955:
7953:
7950:
7948:
7945:
7943:
7940:
7938:
7935:
7934:
7932:
7930:
7926:
7920:
7919:Far 3 kpc Arm
7917:
7915:
7912:
7910:
7907:
7905:
7902:
7900:
7897:
7895:
7892:
7890:
7887:
7886:
7884:
7882:
7878:
7872:
7869:
7865:
7864:Fermi bubbles
7862:
7861:
7860:
7857:
7855:
7854:Sagittarius A
7852:
7851:
7849:
7847:
7843:
7840:
7836:
7828:
7812:
7805:
7798:
7791:
7785:
7779:
7773:
7766:
7759:
7755:
7751:
7747:
7740:
7735:
7733:
7728:
7726:
7721:
7720:
7717:
7705:
7697:
7695:
7687:
7686:
7683:
7677:
7674:
7672:
7669:
7667:
7664:
7662:
7659:
7657:
7654:
7652:
7651:Markarian 501
7649:
7647:
7644:
7642:
7639:
7637:
7634:
7632:
7629:
7627:
7624:
7622:
7619:
7617:
7614:
7612:
7609:
7607:
7604:
7602:
7599:
7597:
7594:
7592:
7589:
7587:
7584:
7582:
7579:
7577:
7576:XTE J1118+480
7574:
7572:
7571:XTE J1650-500
7569:
7567:
7564:
7563:
7561:
7557:
7551:
7548:
7546:
7543:
7541:
7538:
7536:
7533:
7531:
7528:
7526:
7523:
7521:
7518:
7516:
7513:
7511:
7508:
7506:
7503:
7501:
7498:
7496:
7493:
7491:
7488:
7486:
7483:
7481:
7478:
7476:
7473:
7471:
7468:
7464:
7461:
7459:
7456:
7455:
7454:
7451:
7449:
7446:
7444:
7441:
7439:
7436:
7434:
7431:
7429:
7426:
7424:
7421:
7419:
7416:
7415:
7413:
7409:
7403:
7400:
7398:
7395:
7393:
7390:
7388:
7385:
7383:
7380:
7379:
7377:
7375:
7371:
7365:
7362:
7360:
7357:
7356:
7354:
7350:
7344:
7341:
7339:
7336:
7334:
7331:
7329:
7326:
7324:
7321:
7319:
7316:
7314:
7311:
7309:
7306:
7304:
7301:
7299:
7296:
7295:
7293:
7289:
7283:
7280:
7278:
7275:
7273:
7270:
7268:
7265:
7262:
7258:
7257:Schwarzschild
7255:
7254:
7252:
7248:
7242:
7239:
7237:
7234:
7232:
7229:
7227:
7224:
7222:
7219:
7217:
7214:
7212:
7209:
7207:
7204:
7203:
7201:
7197:
7191:
7188:
7186:
7183:
7179:
7176:
7175:
7174:
7171:
7169:
7166:
7164:
7161:
7159:
7156:
7154:
7151:
7149:
7146:
7142:
7139:
7138:
7137:
7134:
7132:
7129:
7127:
7124:
7120:
7117:
7115:
7112:
7111:
7110:
7107:
7105:
7102:
7100:
7099:Photon sphere
7097:
7095:
7094:Event horizon
7092:
7088:
7085:
7083:
7080:
7079:
7078:
7075:
7073:
7070:
7069:
7067:
7063:
7057:
7054:
7052:
7049:
7047:
7044:
7042:
7039:
7037:
7034:
7032:
7029:
7027:
7024:
7020:
7019:Related links
7017:
7015:
7012:
7010:
7007:
7006:
7005:
7002:
6998:
6997:Related links
6995:
6994:
6993:
6990:
6988:
6985:
6981:
6980:Related links
6978:
6977:
6976:
6973:
6971:
6968:
6966:
6963:
6962:
6960:
6956:
6948:
6945:
6943:
6940:
6938:
6935:
6933:
6930:
6928:
6925:
6923:
6920:
6918:
6915:
6914:
6913:
6910:
6908:
6905:
6901:
6898:
6897:
6896:
6893:
6888:
6886:
6883:
6881:
6878:
6877:
6876:
6873:
6872:
6870:
6866:
6861:
6851:
6848:
6846:
6843:
6841:
6838:
6836:
6833:
6831:
6828:
6826:
6823:
6821:
6818:
6816:
6813:
6811:
6808:
6806:
6805:Schwarzschild
6803:
6801:
6798:
6797:
6795:
6791:
6785:
6782:
6781:
6778:
6774:
6767:
6762:
6760:
6755:
6753:
6748:
6747:
6744:
6737:
6733:
6729:
6724:
6721:
6718:
6715:
6711:
6708:
6705:
6702:
6699:
6696:
6693:
6690:
6687:
6683:
6680:
6677:
6673:
6670:
6669:
6651:
6647:
6642:
6638:
6634:
6630:
6626:
6622:
6618:
6613:
6608:
6604:
6600:
6599:
6592:
6580:
6579:
6574:
6569:
6565:
6561:
6557:
6551:
6547:
6543:
6538:
6534:
6530:
6526:
6522:
6518:
6514:
6510:
6506:
6502:
6498:
6494:
6490:
6489:
6483:
6479:
6475:
6471:
6467:
6463:
6459:
6455:
6451:
6446:
6441:
6437:
6433:
6432:
6426:
6422:
6418:
6414:
6410:
6406:
6402:
6397:
6392:
6388:
6384:
6383:
6377:
6373:
6369:
6364:
6359:
6355:
6351:
6346:
6341:
6337:
6333:
6332:
6327:
6323:
6319:
6315:
6311:
6307:
6303:
6299:
6295:
6291:
6287:
6282:
6277:
6273:
6269:
6268:
6262:
6258:
6252:
6248:
6243:
6239:
6235:
6231:
6227:
6223:
6219:
6215:
6211:
6207:
6203:
6198:
6193:
6189:
6185:
6180:
6176:
6170:
6165:
6164:
6157:
6153:
6149:
6145:
6141:
6137:
6133:
6129:
6125:
6120:
6115:
6112:(1): 91–111.
6111:
6107:
6106:
6101:
6098:Schödel, R.;
6096:
6092:
6088:
6084:
6080:
6076:
6072:
6068:
6064:
6060:
6056:
6051:
6046:
6042:
6038:
6037:
6031:
6027:
6023:
6019:
6015:
6011:
6007:
6003:
5999:
5994:
5989:
5985:
5981:
5980:
5974:
5970:
5964:
5959:
5958:
5951:
5947:
5943:
5938:
5934:
5928:
5924:
5919:
5915:
5911:
5907:
5903:
5899:
5895:
5890:
5885:
5881:
5877:
5872:
5868:
5864:
5860:
5856:
5852:
5848:
5844:
5840:
5835:
5830:
5826:
5822:
5821:
5815:
5814:
5793:
5789:
5783:
5767:
5763:
5757:
5749:
5745:
5741:
5737:
5733:
5729:
5725:
5721:
5716:
5711:
5707:
5703:
5695:
5679:
5675:
5671:
5667:
5663:
5659:
5655:
5648:
5646:
5638:
5631:September 15,
5627:
5626:
5621:
5614:
5598:
5594:
5590:
5583:
5567:
5563:
5557:
5541:
5537:
5530:
5522:
5518:
5514:
5510:
5505:
5500:
5496:
5492:
5488:
5484:
5480:
5473:
5465:
5461:
5456:
5451:
5447:
5443:
5438:
5433:
5429:
5425:
5424:
5419:
5412:
5404:
5400:
5396:
5392:
5388:
5384:
5380:
5376:
5371:
5366:
5362:
5358:
5351:
5343:
5339:
5335:
5331:
5327:
5323:
5318:
5313:
5309:
5305:
5297:
5295:
5293:
5284:
5280:
5276:
5272:
5268:
5264:
5260:
5256:
5252:
5248:
5243:
5238:
5234:
5230:
5222:
5220:
5203:
5199:
5192:
5184:
5177:
5169:
5165:
5160:
5155:
5151:
5147:
5142:
5137:
5133:
5129:
5128:
5123:
5116:
5108:
5104:
5099:
5094:
5090:
5086:
5081:
5076:
5072:
5068:
5067:
5062:
5055:
5047:
5043:
5039:
5035:
5030:
5025:
5021:
5017:
5012:
5007:
5003:
4999:
4995:
4988:
4980:
4976:
4972:
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4963:
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4917:
4913:
4909:
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4280:
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4132:
4128:
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4119:
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4110:
4106:
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4097:
4081:
4077:
4071:
4065:
4063:
4056:
4048:
4036:
4032:
4026:
4010:
4006:
4005:SciTech Daily
4002:
3995:
3987:
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3723:
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3697:
3693:
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3671:
3667:
3666:Science Alert
3663:
3657:
3641:
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3157:
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3146:
3130:
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3118:
3114:
3110:
3106:
3102:
3098:
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3012:
3008:
3004:
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2985:
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2686:
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2327:
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2293:
2289:
2285:
2281:
2277:
2273:
2266:
2259:
2255:
2252:
2246:
2230:
2227:. Syfy Wire.
2226:
2225:Bad Astronomy
2222:
2218:
2212:
2196:
2192:
2188:
2181:
2165:
2161:
2157:
2150:
2134:
2130:
2126:
2120:
2111:
2106:
2102:
2098:
2093:
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2076:
2069:
2067:
2065:
2063:
2056:
2051:
2047:
2032:
2028:
2018:
2015:
2012:
2009:
2008:
1952:
1943:
1941:
1937:
1934:
1930:
1925:
1921:
1919:
1918:Daryl Haggard
1914:
1912:
1908:
1903:
1901:
1897:
1893:
1889:
1885:
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1877:
1873:
1867:
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1608:
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1602:
1599:
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1577:
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1571:
1568:
1565:
1562:
1559:
1556:
1553:
1550:
1547:
1544:
1543:
1539:
1536:
1533:
1530:
1527:
1524:
1521:
1518:
1515:
1512:
1509:
1506:
1505:
1502:
1500:
1496:
1492:
1488:
1485:of the star.
1484:
1481:
1477:
1473:
1469:
1465:
1461:
1457:
1454:are standard
1453:
1449:
1445:
1441:
1437:
1433:
1429:
1425:
1420:
1400:
1396:
1394:
1389:
1380:
1372:
1364:
1359:
1349:
1335:
1332:
1329:
1326:
1321:
1317:
1296:
1293:
1288:
1284:
1263:
1260:
1255:
1251:
1230:
1227:
1222:
1218:
1209:
1194:
1191:
1186:
1182:
1156:
1152:
1148:
1143:
1140:
1134:
1129:
1125:
1115:
1113:
1110:
1106:
1105:constellation
1102:
1098:
1094:
1089:
1087:
1086:
1081:
1072:
1067:
1064:
1060:
1056:
1052:
1047:
1045:
1041:
1035:
1033:
1029:
1021:
1017:
1013:
1006:
963:
959:
955:
936:
935:Kepler's laws
932:
931:
930:
927:
923:
921:
917:
913:
909:
905:
901:
895:
893:
889:
886:'s theory of
885:
881:
877:
873:
869:
865:
861:
857:
853:
848:
846:
842:
839:
831:
827:
811:
806:
802:
796:
791:
787:
780:
775:
771:
765:
760:
759:
758:
756:
751:
749:
744:
742:
738:
734:
729:
727:
723:
722:
709:
704:
702:
698:
694:
690:
686:
682:
678:
674:
663:
652:
648:
645:
641:
637:
633:
629:
628:near-infrared
625:
621:
617:
613:
608:
606:
602:
599:
595:
590:
588:
584:
578:
576:
575:
570:
569:Dover Heights
566:
562:
558:
554:
553:Harry Minnett
550:
546:
545:Sagittarius A
542:
532:
530:
526:
522:
517:
514:
509:
507:
503:
499:
495:
491:
490:proper motion
487:
483:
479:
475:
471:
467:
463:
459:
454:
444:
439:
437:
433:
425:
420:
411:
402:
399:
395:
391:
386:
384:
380:
376:
372:
368:
366:
358:
353:
350:
346:
340:
335:
331:
327:
322:
320:
316:
312:
308:
304:
300:
296:
292:
288:
287:
274:
234:
230:
222:
219:
217:
216:
212:
211:
206:
202:
198:
185:
171:
169:
168:
164:
163:
159:
156:
152:
148:
145:
121:
119:
118:
114:
113:
109:
104:
100:
98:
95:
94:
90:17 45 40.0409
88:
85:
81:
80:
77:
74:
72:
71:Constellation
69:
68:
65:
62:
58:
55:
49:
44:
38:
32:
26:
22:
21:Sagittarius A
11033:Solar System
10826:PKS 2000-330
10821:MRC 2011-298
10751:Omega Nebula
10566:CO-0.40-0.22
10169:PSR B1857−26
10164:PSR B1821−24
10159:PSR B1800−21
10154:PSR B1758−23
10149:PSR B1757−24
10144:PSR B1749−28
10099:G0.238-0.071
10019:GRS 1758-258
10014:GRO J1744−28
9860:
8749:
8492:π (Albaldah)
8249:In mythology
8189:Ursa Major I
8154:Reticulum II
7983:Virgo Stream
7952:Helmi stream
7947:Gaia Sausage
7899:Orion–Cygnus
7894:Norma–Cygnus
7858:
7815:Each arrow (
7606:PKS 1302-102
7590:
7480:Gravity well
7448:Compact star
7402:Microquasars
7387:Most massive
7291:Alternatives
7056:X-ray binary
6975:Neutron star
6912:Supermassive
6889:Hawking star
6830:Supermassive
6713:
6704:NRAO article
6653:. Retrieved
6650:Ars Technica
6649:
6602:
6596:
6583:. Retrieved
6576:
6541:
6492:
6486:
6435:
6429:
6386:
6380:
6335:
6329:
6271:
6265:
6246:
6187:
6183:
6162:
6109:
6103:
6040:
6034:
5983:
5977:
5956:
5922:
5879:
5875:
5824:
5818:
5798:February 27,
5796:. Retrieved
5782:
5772:February 14,
5770:. Retrieved
5756:
5705:
5701:
5694:
5684:February 27,
5682:. Retrieved
5657:
5636:
5629:. Retrieved
5623:
5613:
5603:February 27,
5601:. Retrieved
5597:the original
5582:
5572:February 27,
5570:. Retrieved
5556:
5544:. Retrieved
5529:
5486:
5482:
5472:
5427:
5421:
5411:
5360:
5356:
5350:
5307:
5303:
5232:
5228:
5206:. Retrieved
5202:the original
5191:
5176:
5131:
5125:
5115:
5070:
5064:
5054:
5001:
4997:
4987:
4942:
4938:
4928:
4883:
4879:
4869:
4859:December 15,
4857:. Retrieved
4848:
4839:
4829:December 15,
4827:. Retrieved
4776:
4772:
4749:December 15,
4747:. Retrieved
4738:
4729:
4686:
4682:
4676:
4617:
4613:
4603:
4555:(1): 15–21.
4552:
4548:
4538:
4487:
4483:
4473:
4428:
4424:
4414:
4377:
4373:
4333:
4329:
4319:
4274:
4268:
4258:
4248:November 18,
4246:. Retrieved
4235:
4222:
4171:
4165:
4159:
4108:
4102:
4096:
4084:. Retrieved
4070:
4061:
4055:
4045:– via
4039:. Retrieved
4025:
4013:. Retrieved
4004:
3994:
3949:
3945:
3935:
3898:
3894:
3869:. Retrieved
3861:The Guardian
3860:
3851:
3839:. Retrieved
3796:
3792:
3782:
3770:. Retrieved
3761:
3752:
3740:. Retrieved
3731:
3722:
3710:. Retrieved
3699:
3686:
3674:. Retrieved
3665:
3656:
3644:. Retrieved
3616:O'Neill 2008
3611:
3602:
3540:
3536:
3526:
3483:
3479:
3461:
3457:
3451:
3439:. Retrieved
3425:
3372:
3368:
3358:
3349:
3343:
3302:
3298:
3292:
3265:
3261:
3251:
3216:
3212:
3206:
3194:
3159:
3155:
3145:
3135:February 25,
3133:. Retrieved
3092:
3088:
3078:
3068:February 25,
3066:. Retrieved
3041:
3037:
3027:
3017:February 25,
3015:. Retrieved
2998:
2994:
2984:
2972:. Retrieved
2958:
2931:. Retrieved
2922:
2913:
2901:. Retrieved
2892:
2883:
2871:. Retrieved
2857:
2845:. Retrieved
2828:
2818:
2806:. Retrieved
2797:
2788:
2776:
2715:
2711:
2701:
2689:. Retrieved
2680:
2670:
2645:10261/278882
2609:
2605:
2549:
2545:
2518:. Retrieved
2499:
2474:. Retrieved
2465:
2441:. Retrieved
2430:
2420:
2408:. Retrieved
2394:
2382:. Retrieved
2378:the original
2367:
2340:
2336:
2326:
2314:
2279:
2275:
2265:
2245:
2235:November 12,
2233:. Retrieved
2224:
2211:
2199:. Retrieved
2195:the original
2190:
2180:
2168:. Retrieved
2159:
2149:
2137:. Retrieved
2128:
2119:
2082:
2078:
2050:
2031:
1938:
1926:
1922:
1915:
1904:
1868:
1864:perinigricon
1859:
1856:
1490:
1486:
1475:
1471:
1467:
1462:measured in
1459:
1451:
1447:
1443:
1439:
1435:
1431:
1427:
1421:
1401:
1397:
1385:
1207:
1116:
1096:
1090:
1083:
1070:
1057:observatory
1048:
1036:
1025:
928:
924:
896:
849:
835:
752:
745:
730:
719:
707:
705:
673:solar masses
658:
609:
591:
579:
572:
538:
518:
510:
443:angular size
440:
429:
387:
369:
365:solar masses
354:
348:
334:Bruce Balick
323:
232:
228:
227:
213:
165:
115:
25:
11021:Outer space
11009:Spaceflight
10766:Ring Nebula
10422:OGLE-TR-56b
10417:OGLE-TR-10b
10367:HD 181720 b
10362:HD 164604 b
10264:WD 0032−317
10109:LBV 1806-20
10054:Herschel 36
9984:BD -18 5550
8422:ζ (Ascella)
8360:Wow! signal
8099:Eridanus II
8074:Canis Major
7778:Local Sheet
7772:Local Group
7596:Centaurus A
7550:Planet Nine
7453:Exotic star
7382:Black holes
7328:Planck star
7277:Kerr–Newman
6992:White dwarf
6942:Radio-Quiet
6900:Microquasar
6773:Black holes
6581:(in German)
6100:Merritt, D.
5546:October 30,
5534:Gillessen.
5208:October 30,
4849:www.eso.org
4739:www.eso.org
4490:: 420–426.
4086:October 31,
3772:November 1,
3742:October 22,
3732:www.eso.org
3268:: 110–119.
2974:January 27,
2343:: 110–119.
2217:Plait, Phil
2170:October 31,
1940:Andrea Ghez
1409:9.3 AU
1103:(or Crane)
1088:satellite.
693:light-years
541:Karl Jansky
502:declination
476:) from the
458:light-years
414:conditions.
375:Andrea Ghez
337: [
303:Sagittarius
233:Sgr A*
97:Declination
76:Sagittarius
11055:Categories
10716:Barnard 92
10621:Messier 75
10616:Messier 70
10611:Messier 69
10606:Messier 55
10601:Messier 54
10596:Messier 28
10591:Messier 25
10586:Messier 23
10581:Messier 22
10576:Messier 21
10571:Messier 18
10556:2MASS-GC02
10349:Exoplanets
10089:GCIRS 16SW
10024:GS 1826-24
9964:4U 1820-30
9959:4U 1755-33
9030:V3903 (11)
8407:γ (Alnasl)
8387:α (Rukbat)
8204:Ursa Minor
8059:Boötes III
7797:Local Hole
7646:Q0906+6930
7636:Hercules A
7566:Cygnus X-1
7535:White hole
7510:Quasi-star
7463:Preon star
7458:Quark star
7443:Big Bounce
7303:Black star
7261:Derivation
7109:Ergosphere
7065:Properties
7046:Quasi-star
7036:Quark star
6947:Radio-Loud
6835:Primordial
6825:Kugelblitz
6612:2406.09916
6345:1906.11238
5708:(2): 111.
5141:2008.04764
5080:2002.02341
4952:2112.07478
4893:2112.07477
4786:1807.09409
4438:2008.11734
4431:(2): L32.
4387:2310.12108
4284:1907.11725
4174:(2): L52.
3959:1901.06226
3908:1805.09223
3806:1807.09409
3676:August 12,
3646:January 6,
3601:Gillessen
3550:1611.09144
3382:1901.08685
3219:(1): 497.
3199:Melia 2007
3044:(4): 459.
2725:2311.09479
2718:(2): L14.
2612:(2): L12.
2559:1810.12641
2410:October 7,
2319:Melia 2007
2260:calculator
2092:2307.11821
2043:References
1464:arcseconds
860:pericenter
555:using the
529:extinction
525:magnitudes
486:perihelion
466:kilometres
383:black hole
289:), is the
155:Astrometry
127:10 kg
10973:Astronomy
10862:ESO 593-8
9999:GCIRS 13E
9969:A1742-294
8557:Flamsteed
8507:σ (Nunki)
8462:μ (Polis)
8214:Willman 1
8149:Pisces II
8054:Boötes II
8044:Antlia II
7997:Satellite
7967:Palomar 5
7838:Structure
7758:Milky Way
7746:Milky Way
7671:AT2018hyz
7318:Gravastar
7308:Dark star
7141:Microlens
7014:Hypernova
7009:Micronova
7004:Supernova
6958:Formation
6688:preprint)
6678:preprint)
6637:0004-6361
6533:205040663
6517:0028-0836
6470:0004-637X
6445:0808.2870
6372:145906806
6338:(1): L1.
6306:0004-637X
6222:0028-0836
6197:0809.2442
6144:0004-6361
6119:0902.3892
6075:0028-0836
6018:0004-637X
5889:0810.4674
5859:0004-637X
5748:118440030
5740:0004-637X
5715:1407.4354
5674:124346286
5625:Space.com
5464:119287777
5437:1306.4921
5370:1302.3220
5317:1410.1884
5310:(1): L8.
5267:0028-0836
5242:1112.3264
5168:221095771
5134:(50): 5.
5107:211043784
5073:(1): 61.
5038:0035-8711
4979:245131377
4971:0004-6361
4920:245131155
4912:0004-6361
4819:118891445
4811:0004-6361
4721:122485461
4652:0028-0836
4587:0004-6361
4530:250670477
4522:1742-6588
4465:2041-8213
4406:0035-8711
4352:189921901
4311:198968336
4303:0035-8711
4214:119244398
4206:2041-8205
4181:1109.1950
4143:0004-6361
3952:(1): 30.
3901:(1): 60.
3831:118891445
3585:119087402
3577:0004-637X
3543:(1): 30.
3493:0808.2870
3417:119331998
3409:1538-4357
3375:(1): 65.
3335:250900662
3327:0034-4885
3186:121802758
3117:0028-0836
2923:Space.com
2893:Space.com
2873:August 3,
2847:April 10,
2837:0362-4331
2808:April 10,
2768:248744704
2760:2041-8205
2752:2041-8213
2662:248744791
2654:2041-8205
2636:2041-8213
2510:0362-4331
2306:121802758
1797:2003.330
1758:2000.120
1720:2004.860
1682:1995.590
1644:1983.640
1606:2018.379
1566:2001.800
1333:±
1322:∗
1294:∼
1289:∗
1256:∗
1228:∼
1223:∗
1187:∗
1130:∗
1109:Milky Way
1055:gamma-ray
866:(18
724:in 2009.
701:GCIRS 13E
451:2.3
317:(M6) and
299:Milky Way
10948:Category
10805:NGC 6902
10800:NGC 6822
10785:Galaxies
10721:G1.9+0.3
10700:NGC 6818
10695:NGC 6590
10690:NGC 6589
10685:NGC 6578
10680:NGC 6565
10675:NGC 6563
10670:NGC 6559
10665:NGC 6445
10535:NGC 6723
10530:NGC 6717
10525:NGC 6642
10520:NGC 6638
10515:NGC 6624
10510:NGC 6603
10505:NGC 6569
10500:NGC 6558
10495:NGC 6553
10490:NGC 6544
10485:NGC 6540
10480:NGC 6530
10475:NGC 6528
10470:NGC 6522
10465:NGC 6520
10460:NGC 6440
10443:clusters
10357:HATS-36b
10291:WR 101-2
10084:GCIRS 8*
8762:Variable
8282:Category
8174:Sculptor
8109:Hercules
8089:Crater 2
8049:Boötes I
7999:galaxies
7811:Universe
7753:Location
7694:Category
7581:A0620-00
7540:Wormhole
7438:Big Bang
7338:Fuzzball
7221:ER = EPR
7087:Theorems
6885:Electron
6880:Extremal
6810:Rotating
6605:: A235.
6585:March 2,
6564:73954922
6525:18769426
6478:18335611
6421:11388341
6314:16425333
6230:18769434
6083:12384690
6026:16568545
5867:18858138
5792:Archived
5766:Archived
5678:Archived
5566:Archived
5540:Archived
5513:22170611
5403:12284209
5395:23767710
5342:36797915
5275:22170607
5046:11167996
4853:Archived
4823:Archived
4743:Archived
4660:14586462
4595:15370123
4242:Archived
4151:18872302
4080:Archived
4060:Schödel
4047:Phys.org
4041:April 2,
4035:Archived
4015:April 2,
4009:Archived
3986:84180473
3927:51917277
3871:July 27,
3865:Archived
3841:July 27,
3835:Archived
3766:Archived
3736:Archived
3706:Archived
3670:Archived
3640:Archived
3518:18335611
3441:June 16,
3435:Archived
3348:Schödel
3129:Archived
3062:Archived
3011:Archived
2968:Archived
2953:, p. 390
2933:June 19,
2927:Archived
2903:June 19,
2897:Archived
2867:Archived
2865:. 2018.
2841:Archived
2802:Archived
2685:Archived
2681:AAS Nova
2584:53613305
2514:Archived
2470:Archived
2437:Archived
2404:Archived
2254:Archived
2229:Archived
2164:Archived
2133:Archived
2005:See also
1913:(LLNL).
1884:INTEGRAL
1834:2017.29
1528:Tp (yr)
1059:INTEGRAL
1016:Magnetar
1001:☉
983:☉
884:Einstein
737:asteroid
594:Berkeley
345:asterisk
311:ecliptic
307:Scorpius
167:Distance
143:☉
11045:Science
10985:Physics
10959:Portals
10645:Nebulae
10259:WASP-67
10079:GCIRS 7
10074:GCIRS 3
10049:HATS-36
10044:GX 13+1
9974:Ap 1-11
8227:Related
8209:Virgo I
8179:Sextans
8169:Segue 2
8164:Segue 1
8139:Phoenix
7904:Perseus
7704:Commons
7666:P172+18
7621:TON 618
7559:Notable
7411:Related
7397:Quasars
7392:Nearest
7352:Analogs
7282:Hayward
7250:Metrics
6895:Stellar
6820:Virtual
6815:Charged
6784:Outline
6732:YouTube
6712:, 2015
6655:July 5,
6617:Bibcode
6497:Bibcode
6450:Bibcode
6401:Bibcode
6350:Bibcode
6286:Bibcode
6238:4424735
6202:Bibcode
6124:Bibcode
6091:4302128
6055:Bibcode
5998:Bibcode
5914:1431308
5894:Bibcode
5839:Bibcode
5790:. ESO.
5720:Bibcode
5491:Bibcode
5442:Bibcode
5375:Bibcode
5322:Bibcode
5283:4410915
5247:Bibcode
5146:Bibcode
5085:Bibcode
5016:Bibcode
4945:: L12.
4886:: A82.
4791:Bibcode
4779:: L15.
4701:Bibcode
4668:4325930
4632:Bibcode
4567:Bibcode
4502:Bibcode
4443:Bibcode
4186:Bibcode
4123:Bibcode
3964:Bibcode
3811:Bibcode
3799:: L15.
3712:June 9,
3555:Bibcode
3498:Bibcode
3387:Bibcode
3307:Bibcode
3270:Bibcode
3231:Bibcode
3164:Bibcode
3125:4188235
3097:Bibcode
3046:Bibcode
3003:Bibcode
3001:: 369.
2730:Bibcode
2691:May 13,
2614:Bibcode
2564:Bibcode
2552:: L10.
2520:May 12,
2476:May 12,
2466:eso.org
2443:May 12,
2384:June 6,
2345:Bibcode
2284:Bibcode
2201:May 16,
2139:May 12,
2097:Bibcode
2085:: L10.
1872:Chandra
1831:357.25
1828:129.28
1791:122.61
1785:0.9760
1782:0.0905
1755:334.59
1752:226.38
1749:100.59
1746:0.9761
1743:0.2863
1729:1242.0
1717:245.20
1708:0.4250
1705:0.2641
1679:317.90
1676:230.10
1670:0.8883
1667:0.2987
1641:346.70
1638:315.43
1632:0.8031
1629:0.4047
1600:228.07
1597:133.91
1594:0.8843
1591:0.1251
1575:2160.7
1563:122.30
1560:342.04
1557:119.14
1554:0.5560
1551:0.5950
1540:v (%c)
1537:q (AU)
1531:P (yr)
1458:, with
1093:S5-HVS1
902:, or a
868:billion
838:GRAVITY
689:parsecs
614:at the
535:History
482:Mercury
462:parsecs
460:(8,000
424:Mercury
357:star S2
297:of the
293:at the
106:Details
61:Equinox
10741:M 1-42
10311:WR 112
10306:WR 111
10301:WR 110
10296:WR 104
10269:WR 102
10249:Th 4-4
10039:GX 9-1
10034:GX 5-1
10029:GX 3-1
10009:GGD 27
9979:AS 295
9928:316285
9923:313846
9918:190647
9913:187150
9908:187085
9903:183577
9898:181720
9893:181342
9888:180902
9883:175754
9878:175390
9873:171238
9868:170657
9862:169142
9856:165052
9851:164816
9841:163758
9836:163296
8751:63 Oph
8735:62 (c)
8730:61 (g)
8725:60 (A)
8720:59 (b)
8710:56 (f)
8705:55 (e)
8700:54 (e)
8690:52 (h)
8685:51 (h)
8675:43 (d)
8124:Leo IV
8119:Leo II
8104:Fornax
8079:Carina
8036:Dwarfs
7969:stream
7806:
7799:
7792:
7767:
7760:
7641:3C 273
7631:NeVe 1
7611:OJ 287
7333:Q star
7199:Issues
6932:Blazar
6922:Quasar
6635:
6562:
6552:
6531:
6523:
6515:
6488:Nature
6476:
6468:
6419:
6370:
6312:
6304:
6253:
6236:
6228:
6220:
6184:Nature
6171:
6152:219559
6150:
6142:
6089:
6081:
6073:
6036:Nature
6024:
6016:
5965:
5929:
5912:
5865:
5857:
5746:
5738:
5672:
5658:Nature
5521:664513
5519:
5511:
5483:Nature
5462:
5401:
5393:
5340:
5281:
5273:
5265:
5229:Nature
5166:
5105:
5044:
5036:
4977:
4969:
4918:
4910:
4817:
4809:
4719:
4666:
4658:
4650:
4614:Nature
4593:
4585:
4528:
4520:
4463:
4404:
4350:
4309:
4301:
4212:
4204:
4149:
4141:
4062:et al.
3984:
3925:
3829:
3603:et al.
3583:
3575:
3516:
3458:et al.
3415:
3407:
3350:et al.
3333:
3325:
3201:, p. 7
3184:
3123:
3115:
3089:Nature
2835:
2766:
2758:
2750:
2660:
2652:
2634:
2582:
2508:
2321:, p. 7
2304:
1860:Nature
1825:127.7
1822:0.985
1819:0.102
1814:S4714
1803:16.10
1794:42.62
1788:72.76
1764:15.70
1740:S0-16
1726:15.80
1714:74.50
1711:24.70
1702:S0-20
1691:272.9
1688:15.50
1673:33.56
1664:S0-19
1653:651.7
1650:14.50
1635:74.37
1615:118.4
1612:13.95
1603:66.25
1572:14.70
1569:166.0
1525:ω (°)
1522:Ω (°)
1519:i (°)
1480:K-band
1413:23,928
1388:K band
1112:galaxy
1085:Suzaku
1044:kelvin
870:
830:NuSTAR
708:et al.
644:masers
630:(NIR)
574:Nature
565:Sydney
488:. The
480:, and
215:SIMBAD
195:
182:
137:
10997:Stars
10814:Other
10746:M2-42
10709:Other
10544:Other
10204:S4716
9937:Other
9285:V5856
9280:V5668
9275:V5652
9270:V5558
9265:V5555
9260:V5157
9255:V5125
9250:V5116
9245:V5115
9240:V5112
9235:V4998
9230:V4745
9225:V4743
9220:V4728
9215:V4650
9205:V4641
9200:V4633
9195:V4580
9190:V4444
9185:V4434
9180:V4407
9175:V4405
9170:V4387
9165:V4381
9160:V4375
9155:V4371
9150:V4334
9145:V4333
9140:V4332
9135:V4200
9130:V4199
9125:V4198
9120:V4190
9115:V4169
9110:V4160
9105:V4140
9100:V4138
9095:V4091
9090:V4089
9085:V4072
9080:V4064
9075:V4050
9070:V4046
9065:V4030
9060:V4029
9055:V4028
9050:V4024
9045:V4021
9040:V3984
9035:V3961
9025:V3894
9020:V3892
9015:V3890
9010:V3885
9005:V3879
9000:V3804
8995:V3795
8990:V3792
8985:V1942
8980:V1647
8975:V1223
8970:V1216
8965:V1059
8960:V1017
8780:X (3)
8402:γ (W)
8379:Bayer
8370:Stars
8134:Leo T
8129:Leo V
8114:Leo I
8094:Draco
7374:Lists
6875:Micro
6845:Rogue
6793:Types
6716:video
6700:(PDF)
6686:arXiv
6676:arXiv
6607:arXiv
6529:S2CID
6474:S2CID
6440:arXiv
6417:S2CID
6391:arXiv
6368:S2CID
6340:arXiv
6310:S2CID
6276:arXiv
6234:S2CID
6192:arXiv
6148:S2CID
6114:arXiv
6087:S2CID
6045:arXiv
6022:S2CID
5988:arXiv
5910:S2CID
5884:arXiv
5863:S2CID
5829:arXiv
5744:S2CID
5710:arXiv
5670:S2CID
5517:S2CID
5460:S2CID
5432:arXiv
5399:S2CID
5365:arXiv
5338:S2CID
5312:arXiv
5279:S2CID
5237:arXiv
5164:S2CID
5136:arXiv
5103:S2CID
5075:arXiv
5042:S2CID
5006:arXiv
4975:S2CID
4947:arXiv
4916:S2CID
4888:arXiv
4815:S2CID
4781:arXiv
4717:S2CID
4691:arXiv
4664:S2CID
4622:arXiv
4591:S2CID
4557:arXiv
4526:S2CID
4492:arXiv
4433:arXiv
4382:arXiv
4348:S2CID
4307:S2CID
4279:arXiv
4210:S2CID
4176:arXiv
4147:S2CID
4113:arXiv
3982:S2CID
3954:arXiv
3923:S2CID
3903:arXiv
3827:S2CID
3801:arXiv
3581:S2CID
3545:arXiv
3514:S2CID
3488:arXiv
3456:Ghez
3413:S2CID
3377:arXiv
3331:S2CID
3221:arXiv
3182:S2CID
3121:S2CID
2783:, § 3
2764:S2CID
2748:eISSN
2720:arXiv
2658:S2CID
2632:eISSN
2580:S2CID
2554:arXiv
2302:S2CID
2160:Metro
2087:arXiv
2023:Notes
1892:Fermi
1888:Swift
1843:12.6
1840:17.7
1837:12.0
1809:7.03
1806:16.4
1770:3.83
1767:56.0
1761:55.3
1732:0.69
1723:49.0
1694:1.69
1685:58.9
1656:1.07
1647:92.9
1626:S0-4
1618:2.56
1609:16.1
1588:S0-2
1578:0.55
1548:S0-1
1534:Kmag
786:X-ray
755:radio
733:X-ray
655:hole.
563:, in
557:CSIRO
513:SOFIA
474:miles
468:(1.0
341:]
286:-star
280:SADGE
131:4.297
64:J2000
57:J2000
54:Epoch
10441:Star
10254:W33A
9818:7808
9813:7801
9808:7799
9803:7765
9798:7725
9793:7706
9788:7703
9783:7659
9778:7658
9773:7652
9768:7643
9763:7639
9758:7631
9753:7630
9748:7629
9743:7627
9738:7616
9733:7585
9728:7538
9723:7532
9718:7507
9713:7496
9708:7491
9703:7473
9698:7454
9693:7443
9688:7433
9683:7410
9678:7398
9673:7392
9668:7380
9663:7378
9658:7367
9653:7360
9648:7355
9643:7350
9638:7334
9633:7330
9628:7327
9623:7317
9618:7316
9613:7282
9608:7277
9603:7276
9598:7265
9593:7246
9588:7240
9583:7239
9578:7230
9573:7211
9568:7205
9563:7203
9558:7195
9553:7186
9548:7182
9543:7168
9538:7166
9533:7164
9528:7159
9523:7151
9518:7128
9513:7126
9508:7104
9503:7072
9498:7038
9493:7035
9488:7029
9483:7026
9478:6998
9473:6990
9468:6988
9463:6972
9458:6960
9453:6944
9448:6936
9443:6933
9438:6919
9433:6914
9428:6909
9423:6907
9418:6889
9413:6874
9408:6864
9403:6842
9398:6838
9393:6836
9388:6835
9383:6798
9378:6788
9373:6780
9368:6777
9363:6769
9358:6766
9353:6762
9348:6748
9343:6739
9338:6716
9333:6704
9328:6693
9323:6692
9318:6691
9313:6680
9308:6679
9303:6617
8955:V919
8950:V774
8945:V732
8940:V725
8935:V630
8930:V617
8925:V526
8920:V523
8915:V505
8910:V440
8905:V356
8900:V350
8895:V348
7929:Halo
7881:Disk
7343:Geon
7267:Kerr
6868:Size
6657:2024
6633:ISSN
6587:2023
6560:OCLC
6550:ISBN
6521:PMID
6513:ISSN
6466:ISSN
6302:ISSN
6251:ISBN
6226:PMID
6218:ISSN
6169:ISBN
6140:ISSN
6079:PMID
6071:ISSN
6014:ISSN
5963:ISBN
5927:ISBN
5855:ISSN
5800:2015
5774:2016
5736:ISSN
5686:2015
5633:2024
5605:2015
5574:2015
5548:2012
5509:PMID
5391:PMID
5271:PMID
5263:ISSN
5210:2012
5034:ISSN
4967:ISSN
4908:ISSN
4861:2021
4831:2021
4807:ISSN
4751:2021
4656:PMID
4648:ISSN
4583:ISSN
4518:ISSN
4461:ISSN
4402:ISSN
4299:ISSN
4250:2019
4202:ISSN
4139:ISSN
4088:2007
4064:2009
4043:2019
4017:2019
3873:2018
3843:2018
3774:2018
3744:2018
3714:2023
3678:2019
3648:2015
3636:NASA
3605:2009
3573:ISSN
3464:L127
3443:2015
3405:ISSN
3352:2002
3323:ISSN
3137:2021
3113:ISSN
3070:2021
3019:2021
2976:2019
2935:2019
2905:2019
2875:2021
2849:2019
2833:ISSN
2810:2019
2756:ISSN
2693:2022
2650:ISSN
2522:2022
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