Sacrament of Penance

3394: 3568:"Perfect contrition" is understood to remove the guilt of mortal sin even before confession or, if there is no opportunity of confessing to a priest, without confession, but with the intention of confessing when and if the opportunity arrives. Perfect contrition began as a description of sorrow that proceeded from abhorrence of the sin and not just from fear of punishment. Its description in Canon Law reads rather that it involves a sorrow "motivated by love of God". "The necessity is like that of baptism: in an emergency, desire for the sacrament," according to Karl Rahner, "can replace it." Council of Trent, Session 6, decreed that repentance includes "sacramental confession or at least the desire to confess them when a suitable occasion will be found" while "eternal punishment guilt, is remitted by the reception of the sacrament or the desire of the sacrament." 446:) assured of God's forgiveness, but remorse for one's sins was necessary. Absolution referred only to the punishment due to sin. But at this time Hugh of St. Victor taught on the basis of the "power of the keys" (John 20:23 and Matthew 18:18) that absolution applied not to the punishment but to the sins, and this hastened the end to lay confession. From "as early as the third century devout Christians were sometimes encouraged to reveal the condition of their soul to a spiritual guide." This led to a private form of confession that bishops finally put a stop to by the Fourth Lateran Council (1215) that made confession to a priest obligatory within a year of the sinning, and has enshrined the practice of private confession ever since. In the 13th century the 3253:

is still required and individual confession at some opportune time. Such circumstances include where large numbers are in danger of death, or are deprived of the sacrament by grave lack of priests, but not simply from the number of penitents at major feasts or pilgrimages. By official declaration, one day is a sufficiently "long time" to justify use of the Third Rite, a reconciliation service with absolution, but requiring individual confession after. The Catholic Church teaches that individual and integral confession and absolution (as opposed to collective absolution) is the only ordinary way in which a person conscious of mortal sins committed after baptism can be reconciled with God and the church.

3272: 3172: 3432:, even to our own day, preserve the character of liberation and healing rather than of judgment. Ruling and healing are seen as the same charism, as in early Christian times. Remission of sin is granted on the basis of sincere repentance and confession. Absolution proclaims God's forgiveness of the sin. Penance is entirely therapeutic; it reinforces the penitent's efforts at Christian growth. "Forgiveness of sin procured through sincere and heartfelt repentance is complete and perfect, needing no additional fulfillment," and so "the Orthodox Church most strenuously rejects 69: 555: 39: 232:, that confession is not a tribunal or criminal court, where one is condemned by God like a criminal, but a "wedding banquet hall, where the community celebrates Easter, Christ's victory over sin and death, in the joyful experience of his forgiving mercy." In confession, the church believes, God judges a person in the sense of bringing to light his or her sins, by granting the person the ability to confess his or her sins to the confessor, then grants the person 3164: 360: 7933: 3360: 7922: 5852: 3465: 3122: 135: 486: 3311:. A person who has knowingly concealed a mortal sin must confess the sin he has concealed, mention the sacraments he has received since that time, and confess all the mortal sins he has committed since his last good confession. If the penitent forget to confess a mortal sin in Confession, the sacrament is valid and their sins are forgiven, but he must tell the mortal sin in the next Confession if it again comes to his mind. 3233: 3444:

much still needs to be done to bring together what he had learned through biblical and historical studies, "sacramental theory", and the way the sacrament is experienced today, "sacramental practice". There has been widespread demand for more general use of the Third Rite, a reconciliation service with general absolution but requiring individual confession afterwards. However, Canon Law as revised under

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need it. And finally, I absolve you from your sins, in the name of the Father, and of the Son, and of the Holy Spirit. Amen." Stafford pointed out that the first part "was legal and canonical in its inspiration and wording" while the 1973 formula "is more explicitly biblical, ecclesial, Christocentric, and Trinitarian."

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the Spirit in one's life. In the 20th century, during the Second Vatican Council, new approaches were taken in the presentation of this sacrament, taking into account the concern of scrupulosity, or the exaggerated obsessive concern for detail. This further distinguished the role of penance from forms of psychotherapy.

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to the priests, who had to make sure that no sins were left unmentioned and the confession was as thorough as possible. The priest had to ask questions, while being careful not to suggest sins that perhaps the faithful had not thought of and give them ideas. Manuals were written in Latin and in the vernacular.

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The sacramental seal binds all those who hear or overhear a penitent confess a sin for the purpose of absolution, to not reveal the identity of the penitent and the sin. Those who may overhear sins confessed, such as an interpreter, are bound by the same seal as the priest. A priest who violates this

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was produced in 1973 with two options for reconciliation services, to restore the original meaning of sacraments as community signs. The 1983 Code of Canon Law brought some further changes. The penitent may kneel on the kneeler or sit in a chair (not shown), facing the priest. The current book on the

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Prior to 1973, the formula of absolution contained in the 1614 Ordo ministrandi sacramentum poenitentiae was (in English translation): "May our Lord Jesus Christ absolve you: and I by his authority absolve you from every bond of excommunication, suspension and interdict, insofar as I am able and you

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Beginning in the Middle Ages, manuals of confession emerged as a literary genre. These manuals were guidebooks on how to obtain the maximum benefits from the sacrament. There were two kinds of manuals: those addressed to the faithful, so that they could prepare a good confession, and those addressed

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A perceived ongoing need for reform and development of the sacrament in the Roman rite is argued in a book with a chapter on "From Confession to Reconciliation; Vatican II to 2015",. In another book on the sacraments, widely used in universities and seminaries, Joseph Martos explains how he thinks

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season. This must be preceded by Reconciliation if one has sinned gravely. Grave sin involves serious matter, sufficient knowledge of its seriousness, and sufficient freedom from any interior or exterior factors that would mitigate one's responsibility for the harm done. While private confession of

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Since Vatican II reconciliation services have been encouraged, to emphasize the communal element in the sacrament. Such services include readings from scripture, a homily, and prayers, followed by individual confession. In extenuating circumstances where general absolution is given, true repentance

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is the determination of the roles of the subjective and personal factors and the objective and ecclesiastical factor in penance". From the mid-19th century, historical and biblical studies called to mind that repentance is required before God can forgive sins and the sinner can be readmitted to the

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Although spiritual direction is not necessarily connected with the sacrament, the sacrament of penance has throughout the centuries been one of its main settings, enabling the Christian to become sensitive to God's presence, deepen the personal relationship with Christ, and attend to the action of

3189:. Since the Second Vatican Council, besides the previous practice of kneeling behind a screen, the option of sitting facing the priest has been added in most confessionals. For those who prefer anonymity, the provision of an opaque screen separating the priest from the penitent is still required. 390:

native to the islands provided precisely determined penances for all offences, small and great (an approach reminiscent of early Celtic civil and criminal law). Walter J. Woods holds that "over time the penitential books helped suppress homicide, personal violence, theft, and other offenses that

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also is recommended but not required. The priest may emphasize repentance and offer counsel, and always proposes a penance which the penitent accepts and then recites an act of contrition. The priest imparts absolution. Since the Council of Trent, the essential words of absolution have been: "I

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God, the Father of mercies, through the death and resurrection of his Son has reconciled the world to himself and sent the Holy Spirit among us for the forgiveness of sins. Through the ministry of the Church may God give you pardon and peace. And I absolve you from your sins in the name of the

3425:". The obligation to confess may be less rigid and this may include only one's most regrettable sins, to experience God's forgiving love. The practice of absolution or of a given penance varies greatly. The emphasis is on conversion of heart rather than on enumeration of sins. 542:. In particular it was noted that where it is impossible for the faithful to receive sacramental absolution, forgiveness for sins (even grave ones) may be obtained by perfect contrition and the believer's firm intention to make a sacramental confession as soon as possible. 3288:

all grave sins is now required, confession of venial sins is recommended but not required. Popes have written on the possible benefits of "devotional confession" of venial sins for strengthening of resolutions, divine encouragement, Christian growth, and interior peace.

298:. It was seen that God granted forgiveness through the priest. Before the fourth century confession and penitential discipline were a public affair "since all sin is sin not only against God but against our neighbor, against the community." By the time of 518:(1962–1965) decree in its Constitution on the Sacred Liturgy that the "rite and formulas for the sacrament of penance are to be revised so that they more clearly express both the nature and effect of the sacrament." In a post-conciliar document, 291:(bishop) was the main liturgical leader in a local community. He declared that God had forgiven the sins when it was clear that there was repentance, evidenced by the performance of some penance, and the penitent was readmitted to the community. 421:

The Celtic practice led to new theories about the nature of God's justice, about temporal punishment God imposes on sin, about a treasury of merits in heaven to pay the debt of this punishment, and finally about indulgences to offset that debt.

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says that from among penitents only apostates had to leave Sunday assembly together with catechumens before the Eucharistic part commenced. Other penitents were present until the end but were denied communion at the altar of the Lord.

3283:, each member of the faithful is obliged to confess faithfully his or her grave sins at least once a year. This yearly confession is necessitated for performing one's "Easter duty", the reception of Communion at least once during the 336:, who thought it was the "disciple" and not God who did the forgiving, though only after true repentance. The acts of councils from the fourth to the sixth century show that no one who belonged to the order of penitents had access to 3491: 1368: 505:

accretions. However, for Catholics after Trent "the confession of mortal sins would be primarily regarded as a matter of divine law supported by the ecclesiastical law to confess these within a year after they had been committed".

3303:" if it flows only from fear of penalties or of eternal damnation. While perfect contrition forgives serious sin, one must also have the intention to fulfill church teaching and confess the sin if or when it becomes possible. 3306:

In order for the sacrament of Penance to be validly celebrated, the penitent must confess all mortal sins. If the penitent knowingly conceal any mortal sin, then the confession is invalid and the penitent incurs another sin:

356:(644–655). Bishops gathered in that council were convinced that it was useful for the salvation of the faithful when the diocesan bishop prescribed penance to a sinner as many times as they would fall into sin (canon 8). 464:

In the 11th and 12th centuries a new, legalistic theory of penances had crept in, as satisfying the divine justice and paying the penalty for the "temporal punishment due to sin". This was followed by a new theory of a

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The priest administering a sacrament, such as Reconciliation, must have permission from the local bishop, or from his religious superior. However in urgent need any ordained priest may grant absolution to a penitent.

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Before the absolution, the penitent makes an act of contrition, a prayer declaring sorrow for sin. While older forms might only mention sin as offence against God, newer forms mention harm done to one's neighbor.

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Finally, the priest invites the penitent to "give thanks to the Lord, for he is good", to which the penitent responds, "His mercy endures forever" (Psalms 136:1). The priest dismisses the penitent "in peace".

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and, through the confessor, grants the person forgiveness. God's forgiveness restores the person to "the brightness of the white robe of baptism, a garment specifically required to participate in the feast."

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in 1983 has forestalled change for the time being. While arguing for much wider use of community reconciliation services with general absolution and not requiring individual confession, Catholic theologian

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becoming Christian, bishops became judges, and sin was seen as breaking of the law rather than as fracturing one's relationship with God. A new, more legalistic understanding of penance emerged at

5083: 4897:. Prepared under the auspices of the Canon Law Society of America (from 2001 Latin-English print ed.). Vatican City: Libreria Editrice Vaticana. November 4, 2003 – via vatican.va. 5106: 3549:

uses a broader range of nomenclature, calling it the "Sacrament of Penance and Reconciliation", and giving the additional alternative names of "Conversion", "Confession", and "Forgiveness".

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requires confession along with purpose of amendment and absolution from the priest for all grave sins for reconciliation with God and with the Catholic Church, except in danger of death.

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anticipated, in 1978, further developments in the church's legislation on the Sacrament of Reconciliation and asserted that "we cannot stop; truth and mercy must continue to unfold."

2121: 5099: 313:. Confusion entered in from deathbed reconciliation with the church, which required no penance as a sign of repentance, and the ritual would begin to grow apart from the reality. 4968: 3385:

for the sacrament itself; in reality the app was an electronic version of this long-standing tradition of material to be used in preparing oneself to make a good confession.

3340:. Others who violate the seal may also be excommunicated. Careless speaking that might lead people to connect a specific penitent with a sin confessed is also punishable. 257:, after being raised from the dead, "Receive the Holy Spirit. Whose sins you forgive, they are forgiven; and whose sins you shall retain, they are retained". The early 2833: 6201: 7616: 384:. Celtic penitential practices consisted of confession, acceptance of satisfaction fixed by the priest, and finally reconciliation. They date back to 6th century. 4108: 3214:

precedes a greeting of encouragement to trust in God. The priest may read a short passage from the Bible that proclaims God's mercy and calls to conversion. All

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Lifelong penance was required at times, but from the early fifth century for most serious sins, public penance came to be seen as a sign of repentance. At

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gave support to the prevalent opinion at the time that absolution was the only essential element of the sacrament, which readmitted the penitent to the

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absolve you from your sins in the name of the Father, and of the Son, and of the Holy Spirit." In the renewal of the sacrament the more ample form is:

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philosopher Thomas Aquinas tried to reunite the personal "matter" (contrition, confession, satisfaction) and ecclesial "form" (absolution). But the

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Such manuals grew more popular as the printed word spread, and in 2011 had made a transition to electronic form as well. The first such app on the

2218: 1363: 249:, Christians are admonished to "confess your sins to one another and pray for one another" at their gatherings, and to be forgiving people. In the 7422: 4047: 1358: 88: 216:

may be confessed for devotional reasons. According to the dogma and unchanging practice of the church, only those ordained as priests may grant

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courts, where it became payment to satisfy the demands of divine justice. According to Joseph Martos, this was facilitated by a misreading of

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Christian community through the sacrament. Sacramental theology had always taught that contrition was necessary for a valid confession. The

380:. It had no knowledge of the institution of a public penance in the community of the church which could not be repeated, and which involved 6484: 5170: 3150: 1134: 7153: 6896: 6434: 2756: 4517: 7962: 7809: 6838: 6741: 3320: 3003: 2614: 47: 7774: 7636: 6554: 5201: 4974: 3295:

implies sorrow of spirit and "detestation for the sin committed, together with the resolution not to sin again." Such contrition is "

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for various good works, drawing on "the treasury of the Church's merits". These indulgences later began to be sold, leading to

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understood that the power of forgiving and retaining sins was communicated to the Apostles and to their lawful successors, the

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retained the private approach to the Sacrament of Reconciliation and decreed that indulgences could not be sold. Some

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for centuries remained fixed with its forms of worship and penitential discipline which differed from the rest of the

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emphasized "the intimate relationship between external act and internal conversion, prayer, and works of charity."

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A new approach to the practice of penance first became evident in the 7th century in the acts of the Council of

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In the middle of the 2nd century, the idea of one reconciliation/penance after baptism for the serious sins of

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This article is about one of the sacraments of the Catholic Church. For confession in other religions, see

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which was first put forward around 1230. As a means of paying this penalty, the practice grew of granting

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An empirical phenomenological analysis of the Rite of Reconciliation from the perspective of the penitent

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Latin teaching of penalties and punishments, eternal and temporal remission, the treasury of merits,

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philosophy, the question arose as to what caused the remission of sins. From the early 12th century

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reflected the practice that contrition and confession (even to laymen or, in rare cases, a nun or

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While there have been martyrs who have been executed for refusing to break the seal, such as

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damaged the community and made the offender a target for revenge." The practice of so-called

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Note on the importance of the internal forum and the inviolability of the Sacramental Seal

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Note on the importance of the internal forum and the inviolability of the Sacramental Seal

68: 8: 7824: 7726: 7519: 7503: 7023: 6933: 6384: 6328: 6276: 6177: 6139: 5763: 5430: 4821:. Herder history of dogma. Translated by Courtney, Francis. New York: Herder and Herder. 3520: 3266: 3032: 2913: 2880: 2853: 2848: 2710: 2685: 2599: 2290: 2168: 1793: 1779: 1754: 1749: 1589: 1327: 1322: 1203: 373: 353: 7844: 7661: 6519: 6511: 6254: 5955: 5922: 5385: 5042: 4998: 4902: 4772: 3499: 3470: 3368: 3126: 2751: 2348: 2295: 2079: 1928: 1923: 1676: 1480: 1380: 1344: 1161: 1047: 854: 629: 329: 139: 3894:

Walking with Faith: New Perspectives on the Sources and Shaping of Catholic Moral Life

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Especially in the West, the penitent may choose to confess in a specially constructed

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The problem that "has dominated the entire history of the sacrament of reconciliation

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Ukrainian Byzantine Rite Greek-Catholic church of the Bernhardines in Lviv, Ukraine.

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until the bishop reconciled him with the community of the church. Canon 29 of the

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Ordering Women's Lives: Penitentials and Nunnery Rules in the Early Medieval West

3344: 3107: 3084: 3062: 2955: 2945: 2458: 2453: 2140: 1896: 1296: 1146: 1058: 814: 447: 306: 295: 107: 60: 5017: 4438:"Catechism of the Catholic Church - The sacrament of penance and reconciliation" 4332: 7819: 7748: 7596: 7531: 7317: 7307: 7293: 7278: 6958: 6853: 6737: 6716: 6250: 6129: 6104: 6076: 6007: 5822: 5815: 5702: 5672: 5657: 5600: 5590: 5423: 5196: 4955:. Scriptores Latini Hiberniae 5. Dublin: Dublin Institute for Advanced Studies. 4916: 4729:. A. V. Littledale (transl. from French). London-Glasgow: Collins. p. 278. 3237: 3052: 3021:

Congregation for Institutes of Consecrated Life and Societies of Apostolic Life

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issued a note on clarifications regards the Sacrament of Reconciliation in the

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Denzinger, Heinrich; Hünermann, Peter; et al., eds. (2012). "Denzinger".

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The Wisdom of the Beguines. The Forgotten Story of a Medieval Women's Movement

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has retained more the understanding that ecclesiastical reconciliation had in

7951: 7711: 7671: 7556: 7478: 7463: 7312: 7273: 7079: 6963: 6760: 6429: 6144: 5800: 5737: 5595: 5413: 5239: 4791:: a compendium of creeds, definitions and declarations of the Catholic Church 3698: 3629:"The Roman Catholic Church dogmas Doctrine of Salvation Catholic Apologetics" 3450: 2960: 2950: 2933: 2805: 2718: 2195: 2174: 2097: 1947: 1786: 950: 680: 474: 439: 435: 431: 246: 4497:"These priests were martyred for refusing to violate the seal of confession" 7686: 7621: 7551: 7541: 7468: 7368: 7337: 7113: 7062: 6830: 6772: 6669: 6440: 6357: 6313: 6308: 6298: 6109: 6036: 5725: 5697: 5627: 5567: 5521: 5516: 5504: 5223: 5218: 5121: 4826: 4722: 3186: 2903: 2812: 2422: 2185: 2147: 2085: 1821: 1721: 1421: 1196: 736: 523: 412: 317: 3628: 38: 7882: 7738: 7611: 7591: 7586: 7581: 7566: 6868: 6803: 6659: 6584: 6562: 6410: 6172: 6134: 5757: 5750: 5743: 5730: 5715: 5710: 5472: 5440: 5435: 5408: 5245: 4846: 4834: 4455:

Trent, Council of (session 6, 1547-01-13). "Decree on justification". In

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Modern confessional: three options for penitent; priest behind screen

458: 286: 269:, for the reconciling of the faithful who have fallen after baptism. 5073: 208:

and reconciled with the Christian community. During reconciliation,

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Confession : Catholics, repentance, and forgiveness in America

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Functional 19th century confessionals in St Pancras Church, Ipswich

278: 134: 5865: 5058:

Sex and the Penitentials: The Development of a Sexual Code 55-1150

3802: 2122:

Philosophy, theology, and fundamental theory of Catholic canon law

485: 7626: 6464: 6338: 6281: 5489: 5445: 5373: 5316: 3539:"Sacrament of Penance" is the name used in the Catholic Church's 3275:

A confessional in the Bohemian style, in Jaroměř, Czech Republic.

2725: 2058: 1830: 1816: 1599: 1561: 1523: 1095: 995: 757: 404: 396: 299: 205: 24: 4736:

The Word, Church and Sacraments in Protestantism and Catholicism

3736:

Reconciliation and Justification: The Sacrament and Its Theology

7779: 7084: 7069: 7013: 6980: 5511: 5494: 5403: 5328: 5280: 4841:. Vol. 4. New York : Herder and Herder. pp. 385–399. 4609:

Introduction to Eastern patristic thought and Orthodox theology

4576: 4163:

Vatican News: Act of Contrition and Sacrament of Reconciliation

3753: 3378: 3284: 3232: 2025: 321: 266: 262: 4028: 7877: 7045: 7009: 5298: 5286: 3381:

to receive a bishop's approval was mistakenly reported as an

3911: 281:, murder, and adultery is suggested in the book of visions, 7050: 6769: 5304: 3939: 3642:

Evangelizatio.Va: 24 Hours for the Lord, Part 1: Confession

1671: 529: 5037:. Royal Historical Society Studies in History. Woodbridge. 4611:. Collegeville, Minn.: Liturgical Press. pp. 140–41. 4144: 3790: 3998: 4674: 4199:"Full text of "The Code Of Canon Law.pdf (PDFy mirror)"" 4077: 3864:

Davies, Oliver; O'Loughlin, Thomas (December 17, 1999).

3814: 4650: 3405:

which saw its liturgical practice disrupted during the

2533:

List of cardinals excommunicated by the Catholic Church

4634:

Eastern Orthodox theology : a contemporary reader

3421:

times. In Eastern Christianity sacraments are called "

2523:

List of excommunicable offences in the Catholic Church

4697:. Denville, N.J.: Dimension Books. pp. 182, 51. 4662: 4588: 4418: 4220:"Sacraments of Healing: Reconciliation and Anointing" 4089: 4065: 4018:"Library : The Historical Origin of Indulgences" 545: 302:

of Carthage, confession itself was no longer public.

3863: 3668: 3460: 2528:

List of people excommunicated by the Catholic Church

309:

sinners were readmitted to the community along with

5014:"The Anglo-Saxon Penitentials: A cultural database" 4970:

Confession: Five Sentences that will Heal Your Life

16:One of the seven sacraments of the Catholic Church 4856:Le pécheur et la pénitence dans l'Église ancienne 4513: 3834:Le pécheur et la pénitence dans l'Église ancienne 3699:"CATHOLIC ENCYCLOPEDIA: The Sacrament of Penance" 1556:Matrimonial Nullity Trial Reforms of Pope Francis 662:Matrimonial nullity trial reforms of Pope Francis 7949: 4991:The Literature of Penance in Anglo-Saxon England 4793:(43rd ed.). San Francisco: Ignatius Press. 4695:The evolving church and the Sacrament of Penance 4636:. Grand Rapids, Mich.: Baker Books. p. 29. 4560:. February 10, 2011 – via www.reuters.com. 4321:, Ann Arbor, MI: Union Institute Graduate School 3389:Eastern Christianity and perspectives on renewal 2219:Formal act of defection from the Catholic Church 3228:Father, and of the Son, and of the Holy Spirit. 4961:The Canons and Decrees of the Council of Trent 4915: 4839:Sacramentum mundi: an encyclopedia of theology 4554:"Catholics cannot confess via iPhone: Vatican" 4150: 2732:Beatification and canonization process in 1914 5881: 5107: 5074:International Theological Commission (1982). 4738:. San Francisco: Ignatius Press. p. 92. 3144: 480: 294:The need to confess to a priest is traced to 157: 27:. For reconciliation in other religions, see 3336:excommunicated, with pardon reserved to the 1135:Ranking of liturgical days in the Roman Rite 501:retained the sacrament as sign but shorn of 3506: 3497: 2600:Supreme Tribunal of the Apostolic Signatura 493:In the mid-16th century the bishops at the 21:Confession (disambiguation) § Religion 7810:International Alliance of Catholic Knights 5888: 5874: 5114: 5100: 5047:: CS1 maint: location missing publisher ( 5003:: CS1 maint: location missing publisher ( 4777:: CS1 maint: location missing publisher ( 4606: 3771: 3728: 3726: 3428:Confession and penance in the rite of the 3363:A modern confessional in a Catholic church 3351:of the seal is recognized before the law. 3321:Seal of the Confessional (Catholic Church) 3260: 3151: 3137: 3004:Canonical erection of a house of religious 2615:Congregation for the Doctrine of the Faith 164: 150: 5202:Divine Liturgy of the Presanctified Gifts 4816: 4785: 4631: 4456: 4295:Spiritual Direction and the Care of Souls 4193: 4191: 4136:The History of Penance and Reconciliation 4083: 3945: 3917: 3808: 3796: 3609:"Sacrament of Penance and Reconciliation" 1106:Ordinariate for Eastern Catholic faithful 5032: 4988: 4872: 4853: 4473: 4471: 4333:"Code of Canon Law: text - IntraText CT" 4189: 4187: 4185: 4183: 4181: 4179: 4177: 4175: 4173: 4171: 3713:"Church Fathers: The Shepherd of Hermas" 3392: 3358: 3354: 3270: 3231: 3170: 3162: 2046:Pontifical Council for Legislative Texts 530:Sacrament of reconciliation in pandemics 484: 358: 5060:. Toronto: University of Toronto Press. 5035:The Practice of Penance, c. 900-c. 1050 4875:Le pécheur et la pénitence au moyen-age 4270: 4268: 4214: 4212: 3933:Le pécheur et la pénitence au moyen-age 3732: 3723: 3299:" if it flows from divine charity but " 3218:must be confessed, while confession of 1142:General Instruction of the Roman Missal 395:was brought to continental Europe from 316:Beginning in the 4th century, with the 190:seven sacraments of the Catholic Church 79:Sacrament of Penance and Reconciliation 7950: 6269: 5583: 4966: 4950: 4833: 4807: 4733: 4721: 4668: 4594: 4462: 4424: 4095: 4071: 4034: 4004: 3857: 3820: 3759: 3674: 3327:Confessional privilege (United States) 3210:prescribes the following (42–47). The 1080:Code of Canons of the Eastern Churches 616:Code of Canons of the Eastern Churches 23:. For penance in other religions, see 5869: 5212:Divine Liturgy of St. John Chrysostom 5207:Divine Liturgy of St. Basil the Great 5095: 5064: 5055: 4951:Bieler, Ludwig (ed. and tr.) (1963). 4819:Penance and the anointing of the sick 4752: 4727:The Spirit and Forms of Protestantism 4680: 4656: 4468: 4168: 3930: 3891:Woods, Walter J. (February 1, 2010). 3890: 3884: 2701:Congregation for the Causes of Saints 1996:Delegata potestas non potest delegari 1943:Association of the Christian faithful 1086:Eastern Canonical Reforms of Pius XII 5359:Benediction of the Blessed Sacrament 5011: 4692: 4292: 4265: 4209: 3957: 3733:Osborne, Kenan (November 28, 2001). 2859:Journals and Professional Societies 2591:(tribunals & ministers/parties) 5895: 5088:Prepared for 1983 Synod of Bishops. 5086:from the original on July 31, 2012. 4891: 4607:Tsirpanlis, Constantine N. (1991). 3774:Eastern Patristic Orthodox Theology 3772:Tsirpanlis, Constantine N. (1991). 3314: 425: 367: 13: 4944: 4632:Clendenin, Daniel B., ed. (1995). 4580:. January 31, 2011. Archived from 4297:, InterVarsity Press, p. 64, 3847:"Catechism of the Catholic Church" 1683:Supra-diocesan/eparchal structures 546:Contemporary confessional practice 14: 7979: 7963:Sacraments of the Catholic Church 4276:"The Sacrament of Reconciliation" 3175:Built confessional room by bricks 272: 228:The church teaches, based on the 7932: 7931: 7920: 7888:Society of Saint Vincent de Paul 7436:Criticism of the Catholic Church 5850: 4375:Catechism of the Catholic Church 4316: 4260:Catechism of the Catholic Church 3614:Catechism of the Catholic Church 3546:Catechism of the Catholic Church 3463: 3120: 2080:Resignation of the Roman Pontiff 1333:Approbation (Catholic canon law) 786:Collectiones canonum Dionysianae 553: 133: 67: 37: 6055:First seven ecumenical councils 4714: 4686: 4625: 4600: 4564: 4546: 4528: 4507: 4489: 4448: 4430: 4406: 4380: 4368: 4351:"Dictionary : EASTER DUTY" 4343: 4325: 4310: 4286: 4253: 4241: 4230: 4156: 4126: 4101: 4040: 4010: 3987: 3976: 3951: 3923: 3839: 3826: 3765: 3705: 3691: 3562: 3552: 2271:Incardination and excardination 1934:Types of membership of Opus Dei 1667:Supreme authority of the Church 1287:Impediment (Catholic canon law) 793:Collectio canonum quadripartita 6630:Separation of church and state 3680: 3657: 3646: 3635: 3621: 3601: 3581: 3533: 2828:Legal practice and scholarship 2737:Election of the Roman Pontiff 2563:Lifetime of prayer and penance 1519:Canonical form (Latin Church) 807:Collectio canonum Wigorniensis 800:Collectio canonum Quesnelliana 372:Because of its isolation, the 1: 3897:. Wipf and Stock Publishers. 3739:. Wipf and Stock Publishers. 3575: 3027:Institute of consecrated life 1003:Apostolicae Sedis moderationi 972: 876: 780:Collections of ancient canons 742: 200:), in which the faithful are 7968:Confession (Catholic Church) 5466:Divine Worship: Daily Office 5076:"Penance and reconciliation" 4993:. New Brunswick, New Jersey. 4877:. Paris: Cerf. p. 245. 4858:. Paris: Cerf. p. 213. 4817:Poschmann, Bernhard (1964). 4151:Piacenza & Nykiel (2020) 3509:Reconciliatio et paenitentia 2864:Canon Law Society of America 2757:Reforms of Pope Benedict XVI 2492:Censure (Catholic canon law) 2320:Associations of the faithful 2305:Juridic and physical persons 1953:Quinquennial visit ad limina 1309:Nullity of Sacred Ordination 287: 102:Reconciliatio et paenitentia 7: 4989:Frantzen, Allen J. (1983). 4973:. MCF Press. Archived from 4394:Sacerdotii nostri primordia 3456: 3347:, in the United States the 2999:Manifestation of Conscience 2834:List of legal abbreviations 2214:Person (Catholic canon law) 1364:Internal and external forum 842:Lay investiture controversy 765:The Apostolic Constitutions 520:The Constitution on Penance 230:Parable of the Prodigal Son 182:Sacrament of Reconciliation 10: 7984: 7927:Catholic Church portal 5857:Catholic Church portal 5500:Divine Worship: The Missal 4753:Carey, Patrick W. (2018). 4693:Orsy, Ladislas M. (1978). 3589:"The Sacrament of Penance" 3366: 3324: 3318: 3264: 2942:Modern & Contemporary 2605:Tribunal of the Roman Rota 2276:Laicization (dispensation) 2065:Obreption & subreption 1978:Canonically crowned images 1663:, and canonical structures 825:Pseudo-Isidorian Decretals 481:Since the Council of Trent 240: 204:from sins committed after 180:(also commonly called the 56:Penance and Reconciliation 18: 7915: 7853:Aid to the Church in Need 7843: 7700: 7513: 7474:Vatican Television Center 7449: 7359: 7249: 7119:Eastern Catholic Churches 7100: 6989: 6882: 6829: 6754: 6725: 6650: 6575: 6510: 6455: 6374: 6244: 6158: 6090: 6035: 5954: 5931: 5903: 5847: 5776: 5690: 5643: 5566: 5555: 5530: 5394: 5347:Other liturgical services 5346: 5266: 5189: 5141: 5065:Smith, Julie Ann (2001). 5056:Payer, Pierre J. (1984). 3907:– via Google Books. 3880:– via Google Books. 3811:, pp. 95–96, 136–45. 3762:, pp. 323, 325, 327. 3749:– via Google Books. 3440:(and) purgatorial fire." 3279:After having reached the 3101:Society of apostolic life 2792:Romano Pontifici eligendo 2266:Clerics and public office 2163:Temporal goods (property) 1733:Local particular churches 1727:Eastern Catholic Churches 1618:Ratum sed non consummatum 223: 29:Reconciliation (theology) 7795:Communion and Liberation 7259:Eastern Catholic liturgy 6424:Mystici Corporis Christi 6352:Sixto-Clementine Vulgate 5295:(first hour of daylight) 5033:Hamilton, Sarah (2001). 4109:"Sacrosanctum concilium" 4037:, pp. 338–339, 350. 3526: 3485:Handbook for a Confessor 2746:Universi Dominici gregis 1762:Apostolic administration 1612:Matrimonial dispensation 1486:Fast days and abstinence 1392:Sacramentum Poenitentiae 1359:Seal of the Confessional 89:Seal of the Confessional 6610:Philosophy of canon law 6540:Mariology of the saints 6120:Investiture Controversy 5545:Liturgical use of Latin 4967:Curran, Thomas (2010). 4921:Nykiel, Krzysztof Józef 4808:Martos, Joseph (2014). 4540:sourcebooks.fordham.edu 4355:www.catholicculture.org 4022:www.catholicculture.org 3931:Vogel, Cyrille (1982). 3717:www.catholicculture.org 3430:Eastern Orthodox Church 3261:Necessity and frequency 3236:Simple confession box, 3196: 2876:Faculties of canon law 2844:Licentiate of Canon Law 2706:Maiorem hac dilectionem 2672:Appeal as from an abuse 2498:De delictis gravioribus 1767:Apostolic administrator 1575:Impediments to Marriage 1442:Indulgentiarum doctrina 930:Decretals of Gregory IX 830:Donation of Constantine 695:Orientalium ecclesiarum 637:Indulgentiarum Doctrina 534:On March 20, 2020, the 7863:Catholic Charities USA 7497:Acta Apostolicae Sedis 7485:Vatican Polyglot Press 6535:Mariology of the popes 6173:Protestant Reformation 5325:(Anglican Use Vespers) 4953:The Irish Penitentials 4929:Apostolic Penitentiary 4907:: CS1 maint: others ( 4789:Enchiridion symbolorum 4734:Bouyer, Louis (2004). 4413:Enchiridion symbolorum 4293:Moon, Gary W. (2004), 3594:1983 Code of Canon Law 3541:1983 Code of Canon Law 3507: 3498: 3479:Christian views on sin 3398: 3364: 3276: 3241: 3230: 3176: 3168: 3127:Catholicism portal 3092:Provida Mater Ecclesia 2799:Ingravescentem aetatem 2610:Apostolic Penitentiary 2510:Crimen sollicitationis 2392:Apostolic constitution 2342:Acta Apostolicae Sedis 2261:Obligation of celibacy 1805:Moderator of the Curia 1737:Appointment of bishops 1544:Declaration of Nullity 1500:Holy day of obligation 1407:Eucharistic discipline 1376:Apostolic Penitentiary 1351:Paenitentiale Theodori 1328:Episcopal consecrators 1304:Obligation of celibacy 1250:Communicatio in sacris 1229:Holy day of obligation 1176:Scripturarum thesaurus 1155:Sacrosanctum Concilium 1130:General Roman Calendar 772:Canons of the Apostles 717:Precepts of the Church 709:Sacrosanctum concilium 668:Second Vatican Council 536:Apostolic Penitentiary 516:Second Vatican Council 490: 364: 283:The Shepherd of Hermas 212:must be confessed and 140:Catholicism portal 123:Lamentabili sane exitu 117:Apostolic Penitentiary 7617:Good Shepherd Sisters 7459:Holy See Press Office 6697:Doctors of the Church 6530:Immaculate Conception 6485:Anointing of the Sick 6020:History of the papacy 5396:Liturgical literature 5331:(West Syriac Vespers) 5190:Eucharistic liturgies 5171:Anointing of the Sick 5069:. Aldershot: Ashgate. 3836:(Paris: Cerf 1982) 36 3396: 3362: 3355:Manuals of confession 3274: 3235: 3225: 3174: 3166: 2785:Aeterni Patris Filius 2621:Ministers of Justice 2573:Ecclesiastical prison 2568:Canonical admonitions 2385:Protonotary apostolic 1862:Anglicanorum Coetibus 1695:Conference of bishops 1190:Quattuor abhinc annos 1183:Liturgiam authenticam 888:Corpus Juris Canonici 752:Ancient Church Orders 702:Presbyterorum ordinis 644:Praedicate evangelium 488: 477:'s dramatic protest. 382:canonical obligations 362: 338:Eucharistic communion 328:and Matthew 18:18 by 7490:L'Osservatore Romano 7428:Role in civilisation 7154:Croatian and Serbian 6902:Episcopal conference 6864:St. Peter's Basilica 6222:Sexual abuse scandal 6178:Catholic Reformation 5540:Ecclesiastical Latin 5461:Liturgy of the Hours 5381:Liturgy of the Hours 5251:Pontifical High Mass 4584:on January 31, 2011. 4501:Catholic News Agency 3958:Swan, Laura (2016). 3776:. Liturgical Press. 3415:Eastern Christianity 3403:Western Christianity 2909:Raymond of Penyafort 2668:(matrimonial causes) 2644:Defender of the Bond 2504:Complicit absolution 2464:Ecclesiastical Latin 2104:Validity and liceity 1973:Canonical coronation 1856:Personal ordinariate 1843:Military ordinariate 1689:College of Cardinals 1570:Defender of the Bond 1386:Complicit absolution 1270:Validity and liceity 1218:Traditionis custodes 1054:Papal judge-delegate 862:Plenitudo potestatis 820:Symmachian forgeries 499:Protestant Reformers 253:, Jesus says to the 194:Eastern Christianity 178:Sacrament of Penance 112:Restoration of Peter 7825:Neocatechumenal Way 7790:Charismatic Renewal 7504:Annuario Pontificio 7102:Particular churches 6778:Ecumenical councils 6550:Perpetual virginity 6385:Communitas perfecta 6329:Sermon on the Mount 5764:Pre-Tridentine Mass 5532:Liturgical language 5012:Frantzen, Allen J. 4959:Church, Catholic. " 4810:Doors to the Sacred 4683:, pp. 266–267. 4483:www.catholicity.com 4007:, pp. 334–343. 3920:, pp. 124–125. 3867:Celtic Spirituality 3521:Spiritual Communion 3267:Frequent confession 3033:Religious institute 2919:Johannes Teutonicus 2881:School of Canon Law 2854:Doctor of both laws 2849:Doctor of Canon Law 2686:Vos estis lux mundi 2557:ferendae sententiae 2547:Laicization (penal) 2335:Canonical documents 2291:Canonical provision 2281:Canonical faculties 1985:Computation of time 1794:In persona episcopi 1780:Aeque principaliter 1774:Diocese/Archdiocese 1750:Apostolic vicariate 1707:Particular churches 1657:Supreme authority, 1590:Impediment of crime 1323:Dimissorial letters 1204:Summorum Pontificum 430:With the spread of 7662:Premonstratensians 6045:Ante-Nicene period 5923:Lists of Catholics 5616:Extraordinary Form 5020:on August 21, 2009 4923:(March 20, 2020). 4659:, pp. 225–27. 4134:"Joseph Martos on 3948:, pp. 123–37. 3823:, pp. 328–30. 3500:Paenitentiam agere 3471:Catholicism portal 3399: 3369:Penitential canons 3365: 3277: 3242: 3177: 3169: 2752:Papal renunciation 2659:(trial procedure) 2349:Acta Sanctae Sedis 2296:Canonical election 1929:Personal prelature 1924:Pontifical council 1677:College of Bishops 1381:Canon penitentiary 1345:Penitential canons 1162:Mysterii Paschalis 1048:Contractum trinius 855:Libertas ecclesiae 630:Ex corde Ecclesiae 491: 467:treasury of merits 365: 330:Augustine of Hippo 7945: 7944: 7355: 7354: 6748: 6571: 6570: 6263: 6240: 6239: 6232:COVID-19 pandemic 6202:French Revolution 6192:Thirty Years' War 6100:Islamic conquests 6013:Apostolic fathers 5948: 5863: 5862: 5843: 5842: 5772: 5771: 5686: 5685: 5319:(sunset/evening) 4927:(Press release). 4894:Code of Canon Law 4873:Vogel C. (1982). 4854:Vogel C. (1982). 4800:978-0-89870-746-5 4337:www.intratext.com 4304:978-0-8308-2777-0 3969:978-1-62919-008-2 3935:. pp. 15–24. 3870:. Paulist Press. 3799:, pp. 60–61. 3516:Seven deadly sins 3446:Pope John Paul II 3411:Early Middle Ages 3281:age of discretion 3212:sign of the cross 3161: 3160: 3072:Secular institute 2929:Burchard of Worms 2924:Geoffrey of Trani 2839:Academic degrees 2779:Papal appointment 2712:Advocatus Diaboli 2665:Dignitas connubii 2114:Apostolic visitor 2013:Taxa Innocentiana 1892:Collegiate church 1643:Petrine privilege 1638:Pauline privilege 1625:Sanatio in radice 1595:Disparity of cult 1550:Dignitas connubii 1537:Banns of marriage 1315:Apostolicae curae 1211:Magnum principium 1036:Code of Canon Law 1028:Ecclesiae Sanctae 1021:Code of Canon Law 895:Decretum Gratiani 666:Documents of the 651:Veritatis gaudium 607:Magnum principium 593:Code of Canon Law 540:COVID-19 pandemic 388:Penitential books 342:Council of Epaone 174: 173: 7975: 7958:Catholic liturgy 7935: 7934: 7925: 7924: 7667:Redemptoristines 7515:Religious orders 7441:Anti-Catholicism 7391:Church buildings 7251:Catholic liturgy 6991:Consecrated life 6849:Apostolic Palace 6816:Synod of Bishops 6752: 6751: 6728: 6334:Ten Commandments 6267: 6266: 6249: 6150:Age of Discovery 5984:Great Commission 5952: 5951: 5936: 5890: 5883: 5876: 5867: 5866: 5855: 5854: 5828:East Syriac Rite 5796:Alexandrian Rite 5785:Eastern Catholic 5778:Eastern Catholic 5653:Benedictine Rite 5641: 5640: 5581: 5580: 5575:liturgical rites 5564: 5563: 5483:Roman Pontifical 5339:(end of the day) 5273:Liturgical hours 5116: 5109: 5102: 5093: 5092: 5087: 5070: 5061: 5052: 5046: 5038: 5029: 5027: 5025: 5016:. Archived from 5008: 5002: 4994: 4985: 4983: 4982: 4956: 4939: 4937: 4935: 4912: 4906: 4898: 4888: 4869: 4850: 4830: 4813: 4804: 4782: 4776: 4768: 4757:. New York, NY. 4749: 4730: 4709: 4708: 4690: 4684: 4678: 4672: 4666: 4660: 4654: 4648: 4647: 4629: 4623: 4622: 4604: 4598: 4592: 4586: 4585: 4568: 4562: 4561: 4550: 4544: 4543: 4532: 4526: 4525: 4511: 4505: 4504: 4493: 4487: 4486: 4475: 4466: 4460: 4459:, nn. 1542–1543. 4457:Denzinger (2012) 4452: 4446: 4445: 4434: 4428: 4422: 4416: 4410: 4404: 4388:Mystici corporis 4384: 4378: 4372: 4366: 4365: 4363: 4361: 4347: 4341: 4340: 4329: 4323: 4322: 4314: 4308: 4307: 4290: 4284: 4283: 4280:Liturgical Press 4272: 4263: 4257: 4251: 4245: 4239: 4234: 4228: 4227: 4216: 4207: 4206: 4195: 4166: 4160: 4154: 4148: 4142: 4141: 4130: 4124: 4123: 4121: 4119: 4105: 4099: 4093: 4087: 4081: 4075: 4069: 4063: 4062: 4060: 4058: 4044: 4038: 4032: 4026: 4025: 4014: 4008: 4002: 3996: 3991: 3985: 3980: 3974: 3973: 3955: 3949: 3943: 3937: 3936: 3927: 3921: 3915: 3909: 3908: 3888: 3882: 3881: 3861: 3855: 3854: 3843: 3837: 3830: 3824: 3818: 3812: 3806: 3800: 3794: 3788: 3787: 3769: 3763: 3757: 3751: 3750: 3730: 3721: 3720: 3709: 3703: 3702: 3695: 3689: 3684: 3678: 3672: 3666: 3661: 3655: 3650: 3644: 3639: 3633: 3632: 3625: 3619: 3618: 3605: 3599: 3598: 3585: 3569: 3566: 3560: 3556: 3550: 3537: 3512: 3503: 3473: 3468: 3467: 3439: 3435: 3423:sacred mysteries 3407:Migration Period 3315:Sacramental seal 3153: 3146: 3139: 3125: 3124: 3078:Cum Sanctissimus 3058:Mendicant orders 3009:Pontifical right 2982:consecrated life 2966:Edward N. Peters 2681:Penal procedure 2553:Latae sententiae 2325:Consecrated life 1884:Team of priests 1700:Synod of Bishops 1633:Natural marriage 1605:Public propriety 1264:Omnium in mentem 1257:Ex opere operato 983:Council of Trent 977: 974: 881: 878: 837:Gregorian Reform 747: 744: 674:Christus Dominus 623:Ad tuendam fidem 600:Omnium in mentem 572:Canon law of the 557: 550: 549: 512: 495:Council of Trent 426:Late Middle Ages 409:Hiberno-Scottish 378:Christian Church 368:Celtic influence 354:Chalon-sur-Saône 290: 198:sacred mysteries 188:) is one of the 166: 159: 152: 138: 137: 95:Misericordia Dei 71: 41: 34: 33: 7983: 7982: 7978: 7977: 7976: 7974: 7973: 7972: 7948: 7947: 7946: 7941: 7919: 7911: 7890: 7873:Relief Services 7839: 7785:Catholic Action 7775:Military orders 7712:Confraternities 7704:of the faithful 7703: 7696: 7518: 7509: 7445: 7351: 7245: 7104: 7096: 7029:Prior, Prioress 6985: 6878: 6874:Vatican Museums 6825: 6758: 6744: 6740: 6736: 6732: 6727: 6721: 6646: 6600:Social teaching 6567: 6506: 6451: 6406:One true church 6370: 6347:Sixtine Vulgate 6343:Official Bible 6257: 6253: 6248: 6236: 6154: 6086: 6031: 6001:Petrine primacy 5944: 5940: 5935: 5927: 5899: 5897:Catholic Church 5894: 5864: 5859: 5849: 5839: 5806:Antiochene Rite 5786: 5782: 5779: 5768: 5758:Missa Venatoria 5682: 5678:Norbertine Rite 5668:Cistercian Rite 5663:Carthusian Rite 5639: 5621:Tridentine Mass 5611:Mass of Paul VI 5574: 5570: 5558: 5551: 5526: 5390: 5342: 5289:(early morning) 5271: 5268:Canonical hours 5262: 5185: 5137: 5135:Catholic Church 5120: 5040: 5039: 5023: 5021: 4996: 4995: 4980: 4978: 4947: 4945:Further reading 4942: 4933: 4931: 4917:Piacenza, Mauro 4900: 4899: 4885: 4866: 4801: 4770: 4769: 4765: 4746: 4717: 4712: 4705: 4691: 4687: 4679: 4675: 4667: 4663: 4655: 4651: 4644: 4630: 4626: 4619: 4605: 4601: 4593: 4589: 4570: 4569: 4565: 4552: 4551: 4547: 4534: 4533: 4529: 4516:, JOE GYAN JR. 4512: 4508: 4495: 4494: 4490: 4477: 4476: 4469: 4453: 4449: 4436: 4435: 4431: 4423: 4419: 4411: 4407: 4385: 4381: 4373: 4369: 4359: 4357: 4349: 4348: 4344: 4331: 4330: 4326: 4317:Wise, Todd R., 4315: 4311: 4305: 4291: 4287: 4274: 4273: 4266: 4258: 4254: 4248:Rite of Penance 4246: 4242: 4235: 4231: 4218: 4217: 4210: 4205:. January 2014. 4197: 4196: 4169: 4161: 4157: 4149: 4145: 4132: 4131: 4127: 4117: 4115: 4107: 4106: 4102: 4094: 4090: 4082: 4078: 4070: 4066: 4056: 4054: 4046: 4045: 4041: 4033: 4029: 4016: 4015: 4011: 4003: 3999: 3992: 3988: 3981: 3977: 3970: 3962:. p. 118. 3956: 3952: 3944: 3940: 3928: 3924: 3916: 3912: 3905: 3889: 3885: 3878: 3862: 3858: 3845: 3844: 3840: 3832:Cyrille Vogel, 3831: 3827: 3819: 3815: 3807: 3803: 3795: 3791: 3784: 3770: 3766: 3758: 3754: 3747: 3731: 3724: 3711: 3710: 3706: 3697: 3696: 3692: 3685: 3681: 3673: 3669: 3662: 3658: 3651: 3647: 3640: 3636: 3627: 3626: 3622: 3607: 3606: 3602: 3587: 3586: 3582: 3578: 3573: 3572: 3567: 3563: 3557: 3553: 3538: 3534: 3529: 3469: 3462: 3459: 3437: 3433: 3391: 3371: 3357: 3345:John of Nepomuk 3329: 3323: 3317: 3269: 3263: 3208:Rite of Penance 3203:Rite of Penance 3199: 3157: 3119: 3114: 3113: 3108:Decretum laudis 3085:Primo Feliciter 3063:Clerics regular 2984: 2973: 2972: 2956:Pietro Gasparri 2946:Eugenio Corecco 2829: 2821: 2820: 2586: 2578: 2577: 2518:Excommunication 2477: 2469: 2468: 2459:Parish register 2358:Censor librorum 2336: 2328: 2327: 2323: 2318: 2303: 2209: 2201: 2200: 2164: 2156: 2155: 2141:Treatise on Law 1968: 1958: 1957: 1897:Parish register 1873:Juridic persons 1755:Apostolic vicar 1691: 1664: 1660: 1650: 1649: 1515: 1513:Matrimonial law 1505: 1504: 1297:Defect of birth 1244: 1242:Sacramental law 1234: 1233: 1147:Code of Rubrics 1124: 1116: 1115: 1074: 1064: 1063: 1059:Right of option 1014:(1918-present) 989:Benedictus Deus 975: 879: 815:Gelasian Decree 745: 732: 722: 721: 586: 574:Catholic Church 573: 548: 532: 510: 483: 428: 370: 307:Maundy Thursday 296:Basil the Great 275: 243: 226: 170: 132: 61:Catholic Church 58: 32: 17: 12: 11: 5: 7981: 7971: 7970: 7965: 7960: 7943: 7942: 7940: 7939: 7929: 7916: 7913: 7912: 7910: 7909: 7904: 7899: 7894: 7891: 7885: 7880: 7875: 7870: 7865: 7860: 7855: 7849: 7847: 7841: 7840: 7838: 7837: 7832: 7827: 7822: 7820:Legion of Mary 7817: 7812: 7807: 7802: 7797: 7792: 7787: 7782: 7777: 7772: 7771: 7770: 7769: 7768: 7758: 7757: 7756: 7749:Lay Carmelites 7746: 7736: 7735: 7734: 7729: 7724: 7719: 7708: 7706: 7698: 7697: 7695: 7694: 7689: 7684: 7679: 7674: 7669: 7664: 7659: 7654: 7649: 7644: 7639: 7634: 7629: 7624: 7619: 7614: 7609: 7604: 7599: 7597:Conceptionists 7594: 7589: 7584: 7579: 7574: 7569: 7564: 7559: 7554: 7549: 7544: 7539: 7534: 7532:Assumptionists 7528: 7526: 7511: 7510: 7508: 7507: 7500: 7493: 7486: 7483: 7482: 7481: 7476: 7471: 7461: 7455: 7453: 7447: 7446: 7444: 7443: 7438: 7433: 7430: 7425: 7420: 7415: 7410: 7405: 7400: 7399: 7398: 7388: 7383: 7378: 7377: 7376: 7365: 7363: 7357: 7356: 7353: 7352: 7350: 7349: 7348: 7347: 7346: 7345: 7340: 7335: 7330: 7320: 7315: 7310: 7300: 7299: 7298: 7297: 7296: 7286: 7281: 7276: 7271: 7266: 7255: 7253: 7247: 7246: 7244: 7243: 7242: 7241: 7236: 7234:Syro-Malankara 7231: 7226: 7221: 7216: 7211: 7206: 7201: 7196: 7191: 7186: 7184:Italo-Albanian 7181: 7176: 7171: 7166: 7161: 7156: 7151: 7146: 7141: 7136: 7131: 7126: 7116: 7110: 7108: 7098: 7097: 7095: 7094: 7093: 7092: 7087: 7082: 7072: 7067: 7066: 7065: 7055: 7054: 7053: 7048: 7038: 7033: 7032: 7031: 7026: 7021: 7016: 7002: 6995: 6993: 6987: 6986: 6984: 6983: 6978: 6973: 6968: 6967: 6966: 6961: 6956: 6951: 6946: 6941: 6936: 6931: 6926: 6921: 6911: 6910: 6909: 6904: 6893: 6891: 6880: 6879: 6877: 6876: 6871: 6866: 6861: 6856: 6854:Lateran Treaty 6851: 6846: 6841: 6835: 6833: 6827: 6826: 6824: 6823: 6818: 6813: 6812: 6811: 6801: 6800: 6799: 6794: 6780: 6775: 6766: 6764: 6749: 6723: 6722: 6720: 6719: 6714: 6709: 6704: 6699: 6694: 6689: 6684: 6679: 6674: 6673: 6672: 6667: 6656: 6654: 6648: 6647: 6645: 6644: 6643: 6642: 6637: 6627: 6626: 6625: 6615: 6612: 6607: 6602: 6597: 6592: 6590:Moral theology 6587: 6581: 6579: 6573: 6572: 6569: 6568: 6566: 6565: 6560: 6557: 6552: 6547: 6542: 6537: 6532: 6527: 6522: 6516: 6514: 6508: 6507: 6505: 6504: 6499: 6494: 6493: 6492: 6482: 6477: 6472: 6467: 6461: 6459: 6453: 6452: 6450: 6449: 6444: 6437: 6432: 6427: 6420: 6415: 6414: 6413: 6408: 6398: 6393: 6388: 6380: 6378: 6372: 6371: 6369: 6368: 6363: 6362: 6361: 6354: 6349: 6341: 6336: 6331: 6326: 6321: 6316: 6311: 6306: 6301: 6296: 6291: 6290: 6289: 6284: 6273: 6271: 6264: 6242: 6241: 6238: 6237: 6235: 6234: 6229: 6224: 6219: 6214: 6209: 6204: 6199: 6194: 6189: 6188: 6187: 6186: 6185: 6175: 6164: 6162: 6156: 6155: 6153: 6152: 6147: 6142: 6137: 6132: 6127: 6122: 6117: 6112: 6107: 6105:Pope Gregory I 6102: 6096: 6094: 6088: 6087: 6085: 6084: 6079: 6077:Biblical canon 6074: 6072:Late antiquity 6069: 6068: 6067: 6062: 6052: 6047: 6041: 6039: 6033: 6032: 6030: 6029: 6028: 6027: 6017: 6016: 6015: 6008:Church fathers 6005: 6004: 6003: 5998: 5988: 5987: 5986: 5981: 5976: 5971: 5960: 5958: 5949: 5942:Ecclesiastical 5929: 5928: 5926: 5925: 5920: 5915: 5910: 5904: 5901: 5900: 5893: 5892: 5885: 5878: 5870: 5861: 5860: 5848: 5845: 5844: 5841: 5840: 5838: 5837: 5836: 5835: 5825: 5823:Byzantine Rite 5820: 5819: 5818: 5813: 5803: 5798: 5792: 5790: 5774: 5773: 5770: 5769: 5767: 5766: 5761: 5754: 5747: 5740: 5735: 5734: 5733: 5728: 5723: 5718: 5713: 5705: 5703:Aquileian Rite 5700: 5694: 5692: 5688: 5687: 5684: 5683: 5681: 5680: 5675: 5673:Dominican Rite 5670: 5665: 5660: 5658:Carmelite Rite 5655: 5649: 5647: 5638: 5637: 5636: 5635: 5630: 5625: 5624: 5623: 5613: 5603: 5601:Mozarabic Rite 5598: 5593: 5591:Ambrosian Rite 5587: 5585: 5578: 5561: 5553: 5552: 5550: 5549: 5548: 5547: 5536: 5534: 5528: 5527: 5525: 5524: 5519: 5514: 5509: 5508: 5507: 5502: 5492: 5487: 5486: 5485: 5475: 5470: 5469: 5468: 5458: 5453: 5448: 5443: 5438: 5433: 5428: 5427: 5426: 5424:Roman Breviary 5416: 5411: 5406: 5400: 5398: 5392: 5391: 5389: 5388: 5383: 5378: 5377: 5376: 5366: 5361: 5356: 5350: 5348: 5344: 5343: 5341: 5340: 5334: 5333: 5332: 5326: 5314: 5308: 5302: 5296: 5290: 5284: 5277: 5275: 5264: 5263: 5261: 5260: 5259: 5258: 5253: 5248: 5243: 5236: 5226: 5221: 5216: 5215: 5214: 5209: 5204: 5197:Divine Liturgy 5193: 5191: 5187: 5186: 5184: 5183: 5178: 5173: 5168: 5163: 5158: 5153: 5147: 5145: 5139: 5138: 5119: 5118: 5111: 5104: 5096: 5090: 5089: 5071: 5062: 5053: 5030: 5009: 4986: 4964: 4957: 4946: 4943: 4941: 4940: 4913: 4889: 4883: 4870: 4864: 4851: 4831: 4814: 4805: 4799: 4783: 4764:978-0190889135 4763: 4750: 4744: 4731: 4718: 4716: 4713: 4711: 4710: 4704:978-0871930729 4703: 4685: 4673: 4671:, p. 369. 4661: 4649: 4643:978-0801025891 4642: 4624: 4618:978-0814658017 4617: 4599: 4597:, p. 367. 4587: 4563: 4545: 4527: 4506: 4488: 4467: 4465:, p. 387. 4447: 4442:www.vatican.va 4429: 4427:, p. 343. 4417: 4405: 4379: 4367: 4342: 4324: 4309: 4303: 4285: 4264: 4252: 4240: 4229: 4224:www.vatican.va 4208: 4167: 4155: 4143: 4125: 4113:www.vatican.va 4100: 4098:, p. 360. 4088: 4086:, p. 209. 4084:Poschmann 1964 4076: 4074:, p. 357. 4064: 4048:"Introduction" 4039: 4027: 4009: 3997: 3986: 3975: 3968: 3950: 3946:Poschmann 1964 3938: 3922: 3918:Poschmann 1964 3910: 3903: 3883: 3876: 3856: 3838: 3825: 3813: 3809:Poschmann 1964 3801: 3797:Poschmann 1964 3789: 3782: 3764: 3752: 3745: 3722: 3704: 3690: 3679: 3677:, p. 322. 3667: 3664:Ephesians 4:32 3656: 3645: 3634: 3620: 3600: 3579: 3577: 3574: 3571: 3570: 3561: 3551: 3531: 3530: 3528: 3525: 3524: 3523: 3518: 3513: 3504: 3495: 3488: 3481: 3475: 3474: 3458: 3455: 3390: 3387: 3367:Main article: 3356: 3353: 3319:Main article: 3316: 3313: 3262: 3259: 3238:Manaoag Church 3198: 3195: 3159: 3158: 3156: 3155: 3148: 3141: 3133: 3130: 3129: 3116: 3115: 3112: 3111: 3098: 3097: 3096: 3095: 3088: 3081: 3069: 3068: 3067: 3066: 3065: 3060: 3055: 3053:Canons regular 3050: 3040: 3024: 3023: 3018: 3017: 3016: 3014:Diocesan right 3011: 3001: 2996: 2994:Exclaustration 2991: 2985: 2979: 2978: 2975: 2974: 2971: 2970: 2969: 2968: 2963: 2958: 2953: 2948: 2940: 2939: 2938: 2937: 2936: 2926: 2921: 2916: 2911: 2906: 2901: 2896: 2884: 2883: 2874: 2873: 2866: 2857: 2856: 2851: 2846: 2837: 2836: 2830: 2827: 2826: 2823: 2822: 2819: 2818: 2817: 2816: 2809: 2802: 2795: 2788: 2781: 2776: 2773:Jus exclusivae 2769: 2761: 2760: 2759: 2754: 2749: 2735: 2734: 2729: 2722: 2715: 2708: 2703: 2692: 2691: 2690: 2689: 2679: 2674: 2669: 2654: 2653: 2652: 2651: 2646: 2638: 2637: 2636: 2631: 2625:Judicial Vicar 2619: 2618: 2617: 2612: 2607: 2602: 2587: 2585:Procedural law 2584: 2583: 2580: 2579: 2576: 2575: 2570: 2565: 2560: 2549: 2544: 2539: 2538: 2537: 2536: 2535: 2525: 2515: 2514: 2513: 2506: 2494: 2489: 2484: 2478: 2475: 2474: 2471: 2470: 2467: 2466: 2461: 2456: 2451: 2446: 2441: 2436: 2431: 2426: 2419: 2414: 2409: 2404: 2399: 2394: 2389: 2388: 2387: 2377: 2376: 2375: 2372:Imprimi potest 2368: 2354: 2353: 2352: 2337: 2334: 2333: 2330: 2329: 2316: 2315: 2312:Jus patronatus 2301: 2300: 2299: 2298: 2284: 2283: 2278: 2273: 2268: 2263: 2258: 2256:Regular clergy 2253: 2251:Secular clergy 2244: 2243: 2238: 2233: 2228: 2223: 2222: 2221: 2210: 2208:Law of persons 2207: 2206: 2203: 2202: 2199: 2198: 2193: 2188: 2183: 2178: 2171: 2165: 2162: 2161: 2158: 2157: 2154: 2153: 2152: 2151: 2137: 2136: 2135: 2119: 2118: 2117: 2116: 2106: 2101: 2094: 2089: 2082: 2077: 2072: 2067: 2062: 2055: 2050: 2049: 2048: 2041:Interpretation 2038: 2033: 2028: 2023: 2018: 2017: 2016: 2004: 1999: 1992: 1987: 1982: 1981: 1980: 1969: 1964: 1963: 1960: 1959: 1956: 1955: 1950: 1945: 1940: 1939: 1938: 1937: 1936: 1926: 1921: 1916: 1906: 1905: 1904: 1902:Lay trusteeism 1899: 1894: 1889: 1870: 1869: 1868: 1867: 1866: 1865: 1853: 1845: 1840: 1839: 1838: 1836:Eparchal curia 1828: 1827: 1826: 1825: 1824: 1814: 1809: 1808: 1807: 1800:Diocesan Curia 1797: 1790: 1783: 1771: 1770: 1769: 1759: 1758: 1757: 1747: 1734: 1731: 1730: 1729: 1724: 1703: 1702: 1697: 1692: 1680: 1679: 1674: 1665: 1656: 1655: 1652: 1651: 1648: 1647: 1646: 1645: 1640: 1630: 1629: 1628: 1621: 1609: 1608: 1607: 1602: 1597: 1592: 1587: 1582: 1572: 1567: 1566: 1565: 1558: 1553: 1541: 1540: 1539: 1534: 1527: 1516: 1511: 1510: 1507: 1506: 1503: 1502: 1497: 1496: 1495: 1483: 1474: 1473: 1467: 1465:Minor basilica 1462: 1460:Major basilica 1457: 1450:Sacred places 1448: 1447: 1446: 1445: 1427: 1426: 1425: 1424: 1419: 1414: 1409: 1399: 1398: 1397: 1396: 1395: 1383: 1378: 1373: 1372: 1371: 1361: 1356: 1355: 1354: 1337: 1336: 1335: 1330: 1325: 1320: 1319: 1318: 1306: 1301: 1300: 1299: 1294: 1273: 1272: 1267: 1260: 1253: 1245: 1240: 1239: 1236: 1235: 1232: 1231: 1226: 1221: 1214: 1207: 1200: 1193: 1186: 1179: 1172: 1169:Musicam sacram 1165: 1158: 1151: 1150: 1149: 1139: 1138: 1137: 1125: 1123:Liturgical law 1122: 1121: 1118: 1117: 1114: 1113: 1111:Protosyncellus 1108: 1103: 1098: 1093: 1088: 1083: 1075: 1070: 1069: 1066: 1065: 1062: 1061: 1056: 1051: 1040: 1039: 1031: 1024: 1007: 1006: 999: 992: 985: 968:Jus novissimum 964: 963: 962: 961: 958:Liber Septimus 954: 947: 940: 939: 938: 926: 919: 918: 917: 910: 907:Canon Episcopi 903: 868: 867: 866: 865: 858: 851: 848:Dictatus papae 844: 834: 833: 832: 822: 817: 812: 811: 810: 803: 796: 789: 777: 776: 775: 768: 761: 733: 728: 727: 724: 723: 720: 719: 714: 713: 712: 705: 698: 691: 688:Optatam totius 684: 677: 664: 659: 654: 647: 640: 633: 626: 619: 612: 611: 610: 603: 587: 581: 580: 577: 576: 568: 567: 559: 558: 547: 544: 531: 528: 482: 479: 427: 424: 393:tariff penance 369: 366: 274: 273:Early practice 271: 259:Church Fathers 251:Gospel of John 242: 239: 225: 222: 172: 171: 169: 168: 161: 154: 146: 143: 142: 129: 128: 127: 126: 119: 114: 105: 98: 91: 86: 81: 73: 72: 64: 63: 52: 51: 43: 42: 15: 9: 6: 4: 3: 2: 7980: 7969: 7966: 7964: 7961: 7959: 7956: 7955: 7953: 7938: 7930: 7928: 7923: 7918: 7917: 7914: 7908: 7905: 7903: 7900: 7898: 7895: 7892: 7889: 7886: 7884: 7881: 7879: 7876: 7874: 7871: 7869: 7868:Home Missions 7866: 7864: 7861: 7859: 7856: 7854: 7851: 7850: 7848: 7846: 7842: 7836: 7833: 7831: 7828: 7826: 7823: 7821: 7818: 7816: 7813: 7811: 7808: 7806: 7803: 7801: 7798: 7796: 7793: 7791: 7788: 7786: 7783: 7781: 7778: 7776: 7773: 7767: 7764: 7763: 7762: 7761:Saint Francis 7759: 7755: 7752: 7751: 7750: 7747: 7745: 7744:Saint Dominic 7742: 7741: 7740: 7737: 7733: 7730: 7728: 7725: 7723: 7720: 7718: 7715: 7714: 7713: 7710: 7709: 7707: 7705: 7699: 7693: 7690: 7688: 7685: 7683: 7680: 7678: 7675: 7673: 7670: 7668: 7665: 7663: 7660: 7658: 7655: 7653: 7650: 7648: 7645: 7643: 7640: 7638: 7635: 7633: 7630: 7628: 7625: 7623: 7620: 7618: 7615: 7613: 7610: 7608: 7605: 7603: 7600: 7598: 7595: 7593: 7590: 7588: 7585: 7583: 7580: 7578: 7575: 7573: 7570: 7568: 7565: 7563: 7560: 7558: 7557:Bethlehemites 7555: 7553: 7550: 7548: 7545: 7543: 7540: 7538: 7535: 7533: 7530: 7529: 7527: 7525: 7521: 7516: 7512: 7506: 7505: 7501: 7499: 7498: 7494: 7492: 7491: 7487: 7484: 7480: 7479:Vatican Radio 7477: 7475: 7472: 7470: 7467: 7466: 7465: 7464:Vatican Media 7462: 7460: 7457: 7456: 7454: 7452: 7448: 7442: 7439: 7437: 7434: 7431: 7429: 7426: 7424: 7421: 7419: 7416: 7414: 7411: 7409: 7406: 7404: 7401: 7397: 7394: 7393: 7392: 7389: 7387: 7384: 7382: 7379: 7375: 7372: 7371: 7370: 7367: 7366: 7364: 7362: 7358: 7344: 7341: 7339: 7336: 7334: 7331: 7329: 7326: 7325: 7324: 7321: 7319: 7316: 7314: 7311: 7309: 7306: 7305: 7304: 7301: 7295: 7292: 7291: 7290: 7287: 7285: 7282: 7280: 7277: 7275: 7272: 7270: 7267: 7265: 7262: 7261: 7260: 7257: 7256: 7254: 7252: 7248: 7240: 7237: 7235: 7232: 7230: 7227: 7225: 7222: 7220: 7217: 7215: 7212: 7210: 7207: 7205: 7202: 7200: 7197: 7195: 7192: 7190: 7187: 7185: 7182: 7180: 7177: 7175: 7172: 7170: 7167: 7165: 7162: 7160: 7157: 7155: 7152: 7150: 7147: 7145: 7142: 7140: 7137: 7135: 7132: 7130: 7127: 7125: 7122: 7121: 7120: 7117: 7115: 7112: 7111: 7109: 7107: 7103: 7099: 7091: 7088: 7086: 7083: 7081: 7078: 7077: 7076: 7073: 7071: 7068: 7064: 7061: 7060: 7059: 7056: 7052: 7049: 7047: 7044: 7043: 7042: 7039: 7037: 7034: 7030: 7027: 7025: 7022: 7020: 7017: 7015: 7011: 7008: 7007: 7006: 7003: 7000: 6997: 6996: 6994: 6992: 6988: 6982: 6979: 6977: 6974: 6972: 6969: 6965: 6962: 6960: 6957: 6955: 6952: 6950: 6947: 6945: 6942: 6940: 6937: 6935: 6932: 6930: 6927: 6925: 6922: 6920: 6917: 6916: 6915: 6912: 6908: 6905: 6903: 6900: 6899: 6898: 6895: 6894: 6892: 6889: 6885: 6881: 6875: 6872: 6870: 6867: 6865: 6862: 6860: 6857: 6855: 6852: 6850: 6847: 6845: 6842: 6840: 6837: 6836: 6834: 6832: 6828: 6822: 6819: 6817: 6814: 6810: 6807: 6806: 6805: 6802: 6798: 6795: 6793: 6790: 6789: 6788: 6784: 6781: 6779: 6776: 6774: 6771: 6768: 6767: 6765: 6762: 6761:List of popes 6757: 6753: 6750: 6747: 6743: 6739: 6735: 6731: 6724: 6718: 6715: 6713: 6710: 6708: 6705: 6703: 6700: 6698: 6695: 6693: 6690: 6688: 6685: 6683: 6680: 6678: 6675: 6671: 6668: 6666: 6663: 6662: 6661: 6658: 6657: 6655: 6653: 6649: 6641: 6638: 6636: 6633: 6632: 6631: 6628: 6624: 6621: 6620: 6619: 6616: 6613: 6611: 6608: 6606: 6603: 6601: 6598: 6596: 6593: 6591: 6588: 6586: 6583: 6582: 6580: 6578: 6574: 6564: 6561: 6558: 6556: 6553: 6551: 6548: 6546: 6545:Mother of God 6543: 6541: 6538: 6536: 6533: 6531: 6528: 6526: 6523: 6521: 6518: 6517: 6515: 6513: 6509: 6503: 6500: 6498: 6495: 6491: 6488: 6487: 6486: 6483: 6481: 6478: 6476: 6473: 6471: 6468: 6466: 6463: 6462: 6460: 6458: 6454: 6448: 6445: 6443: 6442: 6438: 6436: 6433: 6431: 6430:People of God 6428: 6426: 6425: 6421: 6419: 6418:Infallibility 6416: 6412: 6409: 6407: 6404: 6403: 6402: 6399: 6397: 6394: 6392: 6389: 6387: 6386: 6382: 6381: 6379: 6377: 6373: 6367: 6364: 6360: 6359: 6355: 6353: 6350: 6348: 6345: 6344: 6342: 6340: 6337: 6335: 6332: 6330: 6327: 6325: 6322: 6320: 6317: 6315: 6312: 6310: 6307: 6305: 6302: 6300: 6297: 6295: 6294:Body and soul 6292: 6288: 6285: 6283: 6280: 6279: 6278: 6275: 6274: 6272: 6268: 6265: 6262: 6261: 6256: 6252: 6247: 6243: 6233: 6230: 6228: 6225: 6223: 6220: 6218: 6215: 6213: 6210: 6208: 6205: 6203: 6200: 6198: 6197:Enlightenment 6195: 6193: 6190: 6184: 6181: 6180: 6179: 6176: 6174: 6171: 6170: 6169: 6168:Protestantism 6166: 6165: 6163: 6161: 6157: 6151: 6148: 6146: 6145:Scholasticism 6143: 6141: 6138: 6136: 6133: 6131: 6130:Schism (1378) 6128: 6126: 6123: 6121: 6118: 6116: 6115:Schism (1054) 6113: 6111: 6108: 6106: 6103: 6101: 6098: 6097: 6095: 6093: 6089: 6083: 6080: 6078: 6075: 6073: 6070: 6066: 6063: 6061: 6058: 6057: 6056: 6053: 6051: 6048: 6046: 6043: 6042: 6040: 6038: 6034: 6026: 6023: 6022: 6021: 6018: 6014: 6011: 6010: 6009: 6006: 6002: 5999: 5997: 5994: 5993: 5992: 5989: 5985: 5982: 5980: 5977: 5975: 5972: 5970: 5967: 5966: 5965: 5962: 5961: 5959: 5957: 5953: 5950: 5947: 5943: 5939: 5934: 5930: 5924: 5921: 5919: 5916: 5914: 5911: 5909: 5906: 5905: 5902: 5898: 5891: 5886: 5884: 5879: 5877: 5872: 5871: 5868: 5858: 5853: 5846: 5834: 5831: 5830: 5829: 5826: 5824: 5821: 5817: 5814: 5812: 5809: 5808: 5807: 5804: 5802: 5801:Armenian Rite 5799: 5797: 5794: 5793: 5791: 5788: 5781: 5775: 5765: 5762: 5760: 5759: 5755: 5753: 5752: 5748: 5746: 5745: 5744:Missa Nautica 5741: 5739: 5738:Gallican Rite 5736: 5732: 5729: 5727: 5724: 5722: 5719: 5717: 5714: 5712: 5709: 5708: 5706: 5704: 5701: 5699: 5696: 5695: 5693: 5689: 5679: 5676: 5674: 5671: 5669: 5666: 5664: 5661: 5659: 5656: 5654: 5651: 5650: 5648: 5646: 5642: 5634: 5631: 5629: 5626: 5622: 5619: 5618: 5617: 5614: 5612: 5609: 5608: 5607: 5604: 5602: 5599: 5597: 5596:Rite of Braga 5594: 5592: 5589: 5588: 5586: 5582: 5579: 5576: 5569: 5565: 5562: 5560: 5554: 5546: 5543: 5542: 5541: 5538: 5537: 5535: 5533: 5529: 5523: 5520: 5518: 5515: 5513: 5510: 5506: 5503: 5501: 5498: 5497: 5496: 5493: 5491: 5488: 5484: 5481: 5480: 5479: 5476: 5474: 5471: 5467: 5464: 5463: 5462: 5459: 5457: 5454: 5452: 5449: 5447: 5444: 5442: 5439: 5437: 5434: 5432: 5429: 5425: 5422: 5421: 5420: 5417: 5415: 5414:Book of hours 5412: 5410: 5407: 5405: 5402: 5401: 5399: 5397: 5393: 5387: 5384: 5382: 5379: 5375: 5372: 5371: 5370: 5367: 5365: 5362: 5360: 5357: 5355: 5352: 5351: 5349: 5345: 5338: 5335: 5330: 5327: 5324: 5321: 5320: 5318: 5315: 5312: 5309: 5306: 5303: 5300: 5297: 5294: 5291: 5288: 5285: 5282: 5279: 5278: 5276: 5274: 5269: 5265: 5257: 5254: 5252: 5249: 5247: 5244: 5242: 5241: 5240:Missa Cantata 5237: 5235: 5232: 5231: 5230: 5227: 5225: 5222: 5220: 5217: 5213: 5210: 5208: 5205: 5203: 5200: 5199: 5198: 5195: 5194: 5192: 5188: 5182: 5179: 5177: 5174: 5172: 5169: 5167: 5164: 5162: 5159: 5157: 5154: 5152: 5149: 5148: 5146: 5144: 5140: 5136: 5132: 5128: 5124: 5117: 5112: 5110: 5105: 5103: 5098: 5097: 5094: 5085: 5081: 5077: 5072: 5068: 5063: 5059: 5054: 5050: 5044: 5036: 5031: 5019: 5015: 5010: 5006: 5000: 4992: 4987: 4977:on 2011-07-19 4976: 4972: 4971: 4965: 4962: 4958: 4954: 4949: 4948: 4930: 4926: 4922: 4918: 4914: 4910: 4904: 4896: 4895: 4890: 4886: 4884:2-204-01950-X 4880: 4876: 4871: 4867: 4865:2-204-01949-6 4861: 4857: 4852: 4848: 4844: 4840: 4836: 4832: 4828: 4824: 4820: 4815: 4811: 4806: 4802: 4796: 4792: 4790: 4784: 4780: 4774: 4766: 4760: 4756: 4751: 4747: 4745:1-58617-023-6 4741: 4737: 4732: 4728: 4724: 4723:Bouyer, Louis 4720: 4719: 4706: 4700: 4696: 4689: 4682: 4677: 4670: 4665: 4658: 4653: 4645: 4639: 4635: 4628: 4620: 4614: 4610: 4603: 4596: 4591: 4583: 4579: 4578: 4573: 4567: 4559: 4555: 4549: 4541: 4537: 4531: 4523: 4519: 4515: 4510: 4502: 4498: 4492: 4484: 4480: 4474: 4472: 4464: 4463:Rahner (1969) 4458: 4451: 4443: 4439: 4433: 4426: 4421: 4414: 4409: 4402: 4401: 4396: 4395: 4390: 4389: 4383: 4376: 4371: 4360:September 13, 4356: 4352: 4346: 4338: 4334: 4328: 4320: 4313: 4306: 4300: 4296: 4289: 4281: 4277: 4271: 4269: 4261: 4256: 4249: 4244: 4238: 4233: 4225: 4221: 4215: 4213: 4204: 4200: 4194: 4192: 4190: 4188: 4186: 4184: 4182: 4180: 4178: 4176: 4174: 4172: 4164: 4159: 4152: 4147: 4139: 4137: 4129: 4118:September 26, 4114: 4110: 4104: 4097: 4092: 4085: 4080: 4073: 4068: 4057:September 26, 4053: 4052:www.usccb.org 4049: 4043: 4036: 4031: 4023: 4019: 4013: 4006: 4001: 3995: 3994:Matthew 18:18 3990: 3984: 3979: 3971: 3965: 3961: 3954: 3947: 3942: 3934: 3926: 3919: 3914: 3906: 3904:9781608992850 3900: 3896: 3895: 3887: 3879: 3877:9780809138944 3873: 3869: 3868: 3860: 3852: 3851:ccc.usccb.org 3848: 3842: 3835: 3829: 3822: 3817: 3810: 3805: 3798: 3793: 3785: 3779: 3775: 3768: 3761: 3756: 3748: 3746:9781579108199 3742: 3738: 3737: 3729: 3727: 3718: 3714: 3708: 3700: 3694: 3688: 3687:John 20:22–23 3683: 3676: 3671: 3665: 3660: 3654: 3649: 3643: 3638: 3630: 3624: 3616: 3615: 3610: 3604: 3596: 3595: 3590: 3584: 3580: 3565: 3555: 3548: 3547: 3542: 3536: 3532: 3522: 3519: 3517: 3514: 3511: 3510: 3505: 3502: 3501: 3496: 3494: 3493: 3489: 3487: 3486: 3482: 3480: 3477: 3476: 3472: 3466: 3461: 3454: 3452: 3451:Ladislas Orsy 3447: 3441: 3431: 3426: 3424: 3420: 3416: 3412: 3408: 3404: 3395: 3386: 3384: 3380: 3375: 3370: 3361: 3352: 3350: 3349:inviolability 3346: 3341: 3339: 3335: 3334:automatically 3328: 3322: 3312: 3310: 3304: 3302: 3298: 3294: 3289: 3286: 3282: 3273: 3268: 3258: 3254: 3250: 3246: 3239: 3234: 3229: 3224: 3221: 3217: 3213: 3209: 3204: 3194: 3190: 3188: 3183: 3181: 3173: 3165: 3154: 3149: 3147: 3142: 3140: 3135: 3134: 3132: 3131: 3128: 3123: 3118: 3117: 3110: 3109: 3105: 3104: 3103: 3102: 3094: 3093: 3089: 3087: 3086: 3082: 3080: 3079: 3075: 3074: 3073: 3070: 3064: 3061: 3059: 3056: 3054: 3051: 3049: 3046: 3045: 3044: 3041: 3039: 3036: 3035: 3034: 3031: 3030: 3029: 3028: 3022: 3019: 3015: 3012: 3010: 3007: 3006: 3005: 3002: 3000: 2997: 2995: 2992: 2990: 2987: 2986: 2983: 2977: 2976: 2967: 2964: 2962: 2961:Ladislas Orsy 2959: 2957: 2954: 2952: 2951:John D. Faris 2949: 2947: 2944: 2943: 2941: 2935: 2932: 2931: 2930: 2927: 2925: 2922: 2920: 2917: 2915: 2912: 2910: 2907: 2905: 2902: 2900: 2897: 2895: 2892: 2891: 2889: 2888: 2887: 2882: 2879: 2878: 2877: 2872: 2871: 2867: 2865: 2862: 2861: 2860: 2855: 2852: 2850: 2847: 2845: 2842: 2841: 2840: 2835: 2832: 2831: 2825: 2824: 2815: 2814: 2810: 2808: 2807: 2806:Ubi periculum 2803: 2801: 2800: 2796: 2794: 2793: 2789: 2787: 2786: 2782: 2780: 2777: 2775: 2774: 2770: 2768: 2765: 2764: 2762: 2758: 2755: 2753: 2750: 2748: 2747: 2743: 2742: 2740: 2739: 2738: 2733: 2730: 2728: 2727: 2723: 2721: 2720: 2719:Oblatio vitae 2716: 2714: 2713: 2709: 2707: 2704: 2702: 2699: 2698: 2697: 2696: 2688: 2687: 2683: 2682: 2680: 2678: 2675: 2673: 2670: 2667: 2666: 2662: 2661: 2660: 2658: 2657:Pars dynamica 2650: 2647: 2645: 2642: 2641: 2639: 2635: 2632: 2630: 2626: 2623: 2622: 2620: 2616: 2613: 2611: 2608: 2606: 2603: 2601: 2598: 2597: 2596: 2593: 2592: 2590: 2582: 2581: 2574: 2571: 2569: 2566: 2564: 2561: 2559: 2558: 2554: 2550: 2548: 2545: 2543: 2540: 2534: 2531: 2530: 2529: 2526: 2524: 2521: 2520: 2519: 2516: 2512: 2511: 2507: 2505: 2502: 2501: 2500: 2499: 2495: 2493: 2490: 2488: 2487:Canon 1397 §2 2485: 2483: 2480: 2479: 2473: 2472: 2465: 2462: 2460: 2457: 2455: 2452: 2450: 2447: 2445: 2442: 2440: 2437: 2435: 2432: 2430: 2427: 2425: 2424: 2420: 2418: 2415: 2413: 2410: 2408: 2405: 2403: 2400: 2398: 2395: 2393: 2390: 2386: 2383: 2382: 2381: 2378: 2374: 2373: 2369: 2367: 2366: 2362: 2361: 2360: 2359: 2355: 2351: 2350: 2346: 2345: 2344: 2343: 2339: 2338: 2332: 2331: 2326: 2322: 2321: 2314: 2313: 2309: 2308: 2307: 2306: 2297: 2294: 2293: 2292: 2289: 2288: 2287: 2282: 2279: 2277: 2274: 2272: 2269: 2267: 2264: 2262: 2259: 2257: 2254: 2252: 2249: 2248: 2247: 2242: 2239: 2237: 2234: 2232: 2229: 2227: 2226:Canonical age 2224: 2220: 2217: 2216: 2215: 2212: 2211: 2205: 2204: 2197: 2196:Temporalities 2194: 2192: 2189: 2187: 2184: 2182: 2179: 2177: 2176: 2175:Cathedraticum 2172: 2170: 2167: 2166: 2160: 2159: 2150: 2149: 2145: 2144: 2143: 2142: 2138: 2134: 2131: 2130: 2129: 2126: 2125: 2124: 2123: 2115: 2112: 2111: 2110: 2107: 2105: 2102: 2100: 2099: 2098:Vacatio legis 2095: 2093: 2090: 2088: 2087: 2083: 2081: 2078: 2076: 2073: 2071: 2068: 2066: 2063: 2061: 2060: 2056: 2054: 2051: 2047: 2044: 2043: 2042: 2039: 2037: 2034: 2032: 2029: 2027: 2024: 2022: 2019: 2015: 2014: 2010: 2009: 2008: 2005: 2003: 2000: 1998: 1997: 1993: 1991: 1988: 1986: 1983: 1979: 1976: 1975: 1974: 1971: 1970: 1967: 1966:Jurisprudence 1962: 1961: 1954: 1951: 1949: 1948:Vicar general 1946: 1944: 1941: 1935: 1932: 1931: 1930: 1927: 1925: 1922: 1920: 1917: 1915: 1912: 1911: 1910: 1907: 1903: 1900: 1898: 1895: 1893: 1890: 1888: 1887: 1882: 1881: 1880: 1877: 1876: 1875: 1874: 1864: 1863: 1859: 1858: 1857: 1854: 1852: 1851: 1846: 1844: 1841: 1837: 1834: 1833: 1832: 1829: 1823: 1820: 1819: 1818: 1815: 1813: 1810: 1806: 1803: 1802: 1801: 1798: 1796: 1795: 1791: 1789: 1788: 1787:Cathedraticum 1784: 1782: 1781: 1777: 1776: 1775: 1772: 1768: 1765: 1764: 1763: 1760: 1756: 1753: 1752: 1751: 1748: 1746: 1745: 1740: 1739: 1738: 1735: 1732: 1728: 1725: 1723: 1720: 1719: 1718: 1717: 1712: 1711: 1710: 1709: 1708: 1701: 1698: 1696: 1693: 1690: 1687: 1686: 1685: 1684: 1678: 1675: 1673: 1672:Roman Pontiff 1670: 1669: 1668: 1662: 1654: 1653: 1644: 1641: 1639: 1636: 1635: 1634: 1631: 1627: 1626: 1622: 1620: 1619: 1615: 1614: 1613: 1610: 1606: 1603: 1601: 1598: 1596: 1593: 1591: 1588: 1586: 1585:Clandestinity 1583: 1581: 1578: 1577: 1576: 1573: 1571: 1568: 1564: 1563: 1559: 1557: 1554: 1552: 1551: 1547: 1546: 1545: 1542: 1538: 1535: 1533: 1532: 1528: 1526: 1525: 1521: 1520: 1518: 1517: 1514: 1509: 1508: 1501: 1498: 1494: 1493: 1489: 1488: 1487: 1484: 1482: 1479: 1478: 1477: 1476:Sacred times 1471: 1468: 1466: 1463: 1461: 1458: 1456: 1453: 1452: 1451: 1444: 1443: 1439: 1438: 1437: 1434: 1433: 1432: 1431: 1423: 1420: 1418: 1415: 1413: 1410: 1408: 1405: 1404: 1403: 1400: 1394: 1393: 1389: 1388: 1387: 1384: 1382: 1379: 1377: 1374: 1370: 1367: 1366: 1365: 1362: 1360: 1357: 1353: 1352: 1348: 1347: 1346: 1343: 1342: 1341: 1338: 1334: 1331: 1329: 1326: 1324: 1321: 1317: 1316: 1312: 1311: 1310: 1307: 1305: 1302: 1298: 1295: 1293: 1290: 1289: 1288: 1285: 1284: 1283: 1280: 1279: 1278: 1277: 1271: 1268: 1266: 1265: 1261: 1259: 1258: 1254: 1252: 1251: 1247: 1246: 1243: 1238: 1237: 1230: 1227: 1225: 1222: 1220: 1219: 1215: 1213: 1212: 1208: 1206: 1205: 1201: 1199: 1198: 1194: 1192: 1191: 1187: 1185: 1184: 1180: 1178: 1177: 1173: 1171: 1170: 1166: 1164: 1163: 1159: 1157: 1156: 1152: 1148: 1145: 1144: 1143: 1140: 1136: 1133: 1132: 1131: 1128: 1127: 1126:Latin Church 1120: 1119: 1112: 1109: 1107: 1104: 1102: 1099: 1097: 1094: 1092: 1089: 1087: 1084: 1082: 1081: 1077: 1076: 1073: 1068: 1067: 1060: 1057: 1055: 1052: 1050: 1049: 1045: 1044: 1043: 1038: 1037: 1032: 1030: 1029: 1025: 1023: 1022: 1017: 1016: 1015: 1013: 1012: 1005: 1004: 1000: 998: 997: 993: 991: 990: 986: 984: 981: 980: 979: 970: 969: 960: 959: 955: 953: 952: 951:Extravagantes 948: 946: 945: 941: 937: 934: 933: 932: 931: 927: 925: 924: 920: 916: 915: 911: 909: 908: 904: 902: 899: 898: 897: 896: 892: 891: 890: 889: 885: 884: 883: 874: 873: 864: 863: 859: 857: 856: 852: 850: 849: 845: 843: 840: 839: 838: 835: 831: 828: 827: 826: 823: 821: 818: 816: 813: 809: 808: 804: 802: 801: 797: 795: 794: 790: 788: 787: 783: 782: 781: 778: 774: 773: 769: 767: 766: 762: 760: 759: 755: 754: 753: 750: 749: 740: 739: 738: 731: 730:Legal history 726: 725: 718: 715: 711: 710: 706: 704: 703: 699: 697: 696: 692: 690: 689: 685: 683: 682: 681:Lumen gentium 678: 676: 675: 671: 670: 669: 665: 663: 660: 658: 655: 653: 652: 648: 646: 645: 641: 639: 638: 634: 632: 631: 627: 625: 624: 620: 618: 617: 613: 609: 608: 604: 602: 601: 597: 596: 595: 594: 589: 588: 585:(current law) 584: 579: 578: 575: 570: 569: 565: 561: 560: 556: 552: 551: 543: 541: 537: 527: 525: 521: 517: 507: 504: 500: 496: 487: 478: 476: 475:Martin Luther 472: 468: 462: 460: 456: 453: 449: 445: 441: 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law 6441:Subsistit in 6439: 6435:Three states 6422: 6383: 6376:Ecclesiology 6358:Nova Vulgata 6356: 6314:Original sin 6309:Nicene Creed 6299:Divine grace 6258: 6140:Universities 6110:Papal States 6037:Great Church 5979:Resurrection 5956:Early Church 5756: 5749: 5742: 5721:Hereford Use 5698:African Rite 5628:Anglican Use 5568:Latin Church 5522:Sacramentary 5517:Roman Ritual 5505:Roman Missal 5313:(ninth hour) 5301:(third hour) 5238: 5224:Holy Qurbono 5219:Holy Qurbana 5165: 5156:Confirmation 5079: 5066: 5057: 5034: 5022:. 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Ligouri. 4681:Carey 2018 4657:Carey 2018 4415:, 1676-78. 4262:, p. 1482. 3983:John 20:23 3783:0814658016 3653:James 5:16 3576:References 3325:See also: 3293:contrition 3265:See also: 2989:Solemn vow 2899:Hostiensis 2886:Canonists 2870:The Jurist 2649:Procurator 2629:Officialis 2482:Canon 1324 2439:Papal bull 2417:Encyclical 2365:Imprimatur 2109:Visitation 2070:Obrogation 2031:Impediment 2002:Derogation 1886:in solidum 1659:particular 1481:Feast days 1436:Indulgence 1340:Confession 1276:Sacraments 914:Margaritae 583:Ius vigens 452:Franciscan 432:scholastic 334:Pope Leo I 326:John 20:23 234:repentance 218:absolution 192:(known in 186:Confession 84:Contrition 7893:See also: 7845:Charities 7754:Discalced 7682:Trappists 7677:Theatines 7647:Olivetans 7592:Clarisses 7562:Blue nuns 7547:Basilians 7524:societies 7432:See also: 7318:Mozarabic 7308:Ambrosian 7294:Malankara 7279:Byzantine 7239:Ukrainian 7214:Ruthenian 7179:Hungarian 7164:Ethiopian 7139:Bulgarian 7106:sui iuris 7090:Postulant 6999:Religious 6954:Auxiliary 6949:Coadjutor 6919:Patriarch 6787:Cardinals 6734:Canon law 6730:Hierarchy 6712:Disciples 6635:Relations 6623:Evolution 6614:See also: 6559:See also: 6512:Mariology 6502:Matrimony 6475:Eucharist 6396:Ecumenism 6324:Salvation 6260:Catechism 6255:Tradition 6217:Communism 6065:Chalcedon 5816:Malankara 5726:Sarum Use 5633:Zaire Use 5431:Customary 5181:Matrimony 5161:Eucharist 5131:liturgies 5043:cite book 5024:March 12, 4999:cite book 4934:March 27, 4903:cite book 4773:cite book 4461:Cited in 3419:Patristic 3309:sacrilege 3301:imperfect 3180:Canon law 2890:Medieval 2595:Tribunals 2542:Interdict 2476:Penal law 2429:Ordinance 2402:Concordat 2236:Exemption 2191:Stole fee 1914:Dicastery 1850:sui juris 1716:sui juris 1713:Churches 1531:Ne Temere 1412:Canon 915 1402:Eucharist 1292:Abstemius 1101:Exarchate 1091:Nomocanon 901:Decretist 872:Jus novum 746: 33 503:Canonical 459:Eucharist 448:Dominican 344:(517) in 322:episcopal 288:episkopos 7937:Category 7830:Opus Dei 7815:Scouting 7805:Focolare 7672:Servites 7657:Piarists 7602:Crosiers 7338:Anglican 7274:Armenian 7204:Romanian 7194:Maronite 7169:Georgian 7159:Eritrean 7144:Chaldean 7129:Armenian 7124:Albanian 7005:Superior 6964:Emeritus 6944:Diocesan 6797:Advisers 6756:Holy See 6682:Prophets 6640:Politics 6411:Catholic 6391:Councils 6246:Theology 6125:Crusades 6060:Nicaea I 5991:Apostles 5969:Ministry 5938:Timeline 5918:Glossary 5780:Churches 5731:York Use 5707:British 5419:Breviary 5364:Exorcism 5354:Asperges 5337:Compline 5323:Evensong 5234:Low Mass 5084:Archived 4725:(1963). 4250:, 89–91. 3457:See also 3338:Holy See 3332:seal is 2640:Parties 2454:Rescript 2412:Decretal 2246:Clerics 2169:Benefice 2128:Theology 2036:Donation 1848:Mission 1812:Chancery 1661:churches 1580:Affinity 1472:(chapel) 1417:Celebret 1224:Red Mass 564:a series 562:Part of 401:Scotland 279:apostasy 255:Apostles 202:absolved 48:a series 46:Part of 7902:Schools 7858:Caritas 7766:Secular 7732:Workers 7627:Jesuits 7413:Museums 7408:Library 7386:Writers 7381:Artists 7361:Culture 7328:Paul VI 7209:Russian 7199:Melkite 7041:Brother 7019:General 6959:Titular 6929:Primate 6907:Eparchy 6897:Diocese 6844:Outline 6783:College 6773:Francis 6717:Virgins 6692:Martyrs 6618:Science 6525:History 6480:Penance 6465:Baptism 6366:Worship 6339:Vulgate 6287:Kingdom 6282:Trinity 6270:General 6025:Primacy 5933:History 5913:Outline 5833:Malabar 5787:liturgy 5691:Defunct 5584:Current 5490:Psalter 5446:Gradual 5374:Requiem 5369:Funeral 5317:Vespers 5166:Penance 5151:Baptism 5133:of the 4827:2205919 4558:Reuters 4377:, 1857. 3409:of the 3401:Unlike 3297:perfect 2980:Law of 2934:Brocard 2914:Rufinus 2894:Gratian 2726:Positio 2634:Auditor 2286:Office 2059:Peritus 2021:Faculty 1831:Eparchy 1817:Deanery 1744:nullius 1742:Abbacy 1600:Ligamen 1562:Vetitum 1524:Tametsi 1470:Oratory 1096:Eparchy 996:Tametsi 978:-1918) 882:-1563) 758:Didache 748:-1140) 444:beguine 405:England 397:Ireland 300:Cyprian 267:priests 263:bishops 245:In the 241:History 206:baptism 59:in the 25:Penance 7780:Fimcap 7722:Marian 7642:Minims 7374:Marian 7224:Syriac 7219:Slovak 7149:Coptic 7085:Oblate 7080:Master 7075:Novice 7070:Hermit 7058:Sister 7014:Abbess 6981:Deacon 6976:Priest 6971:Parish 6914:Bishop 6884:Polity 6670:Joseph 6652:Saints 6319:Saints 6207:Nazism 5645:Orders 5512:Tonary 5495:Missal 5404:Agpeya 5329:Ramsha 5307:(noon) 5281:Matins 5129:, and 4881: 4862: 4845: 4825: 4797: 4761: 4742: 4701: 4640: 4615: 4577:iTunes 4301: 3966: 3901: 3874: 3780: 3743: 3543:. 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