266:
Church
Association, SBAK). In 1936, Reverend Anderson was assigned to supervise the mission. He was designated to build a mission centre at Aizuto near Lokobomi village. Anderson lived in the new centre only briefly from 1949 to 1950. He was soon replaced by Reverend Delano who became the first Christian missionary to live permanently among the Sümis. Delano lived in the mission from 1949 to 1955 until his family and he were asked to leave by the Indian government who expelled all the missionaries from the Naga Hills.
1112:
366:) pool in money or other resources together to exchange/buy pigs and cows to be slaughtered for the special day. The meat is equally divided among themselves and some portion is kept aside for the group feast. In the midst of the feast, group leaders get extra offers of meat by way of feeding them by others. Each working group consists of 20 to 30 in number which includes several women, too. The new recruits are also made to join the group at this grand feast.
25:
134:
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413:, while invoking the spirit of good fortune in the New Year. On this occasion, the entire community prepares and feasts on the first meal of rice drawn from the season's harvest cooked in bamboo segments. The receptacles for cooking or serving on this occasion are freshly made, curved or cut, from locally available resources prolific and abundant in the countryside.
354:
During this festival, the betrothed exchange basketful of gifts with meals. The fiance is invited to a grand dinner at the fiancee's residence. Even siblings of the families of both the bride and groom exchange dinner and packed food and meats - wrapped the traditional way in plantain leaves. It was
265:
In
November 1928, the American Baptist Foreign Mission Society (formerly, American Baptist Missionary Union) resolved to open a dedicated mission to work with the Sümis. Subsequently, the Sumi Baptist Association was founded in 1929 under the name of Sumi Baptist Akukuhou Kuqhakulu (Sumi Baptist
318:
The Sümis celebrate many festivals which have been carried down from generations. Most of these festivals usually mark the beginning of new seasons, harvesting of new crops or victory at war. The two major festivals that are currently popular among them are:
346:
is also called "Anni" the word of which denotes the season of plentiful crops. This midyear festival is a time of communal harmony and merry-making for the Sümi community. Slaughtering of pigs, cows and mithun is an important feature of this festival.
351:, is a festive season which marks season of plenty, a season to bond relationship through marriage ties, settle differences amongst friends and foes. In short, it is a season to mend broken relations and to celebrate togetherness, unity and harmony.
419:
is celebrated on 13 and 14 November and now holds the status of the official festival of the Sümi Nagas because it falls in a dry season and accessibility for visitors in terms of road conditions are better.
373:
and communities are invited to attend the feast and are entertained with a variety of traditional songs and dances, they are also served with sumptuous authentic Sümi cuisine of smoked pork and
362:
is a special time for them because they get to rest and celebrate the completion of a farming season of hard work in their paddy fields. For this festival, the farmer groups (also called
369:
The betrothed are settled at this period. The fervours of the feast is synchronised with a chain of folk songs and ballads. In modern times, friends and members from other
1001:
330:
is a festival of great significance for the Sümis. This festival is marked with feasts as the occasion occurs in the bountiful season of the year. Drinking
642:"Identity Change and the Construction of Difference: Colonial and Postcolonial Conversions among the Sumi Naga of Nagaland, Northeast India"
994:
355:
a time of joy even for servants and housekeepers in the olden days. On this day they were fed extra generously with good food and meat.
253:
missionaries in the 20th century, like other Naga ethnic groups, today, Sümis are 99% Christians. Very few of them still practice
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The Sümi Naga are one among the Naga tribes of the North
Eastern part of India, predominantly found in the State of Nagaland.
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indispensably forms as part of the feasts. Rice beer is served in a goblet made of bamboo or made from the leaf of
696:
Jimomi, Inavi (2018), "SUMI NAGA: The Origin and
Migration of the Sumi Naga", Dimapur, Heritage Publishing House,
603:
75:
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706:
Hutton. J. H (1921), "THE SEMA NAGAS", Great
Britain, MACMILLAN AND CO., LIMITED ST/ MARTIN'S STREET, LONDON.
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687:
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Jacobs, Julian (1999), "The Nagas: Hills People of
Northeast India". London: Thames and Hudson.
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which is native to the ethnic group. There are also sizable inhabitants of Sümi descents in
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The ancestral religion of the Sümis was the worship of nature. With the arrival of
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390:. Among all other festivals and gennas. Sumis, in general, accept the festival of
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The practice of working in groups is common for the Sümi agriculture farmers, and
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490:(1921–2007), Former Chief Minister of Nagaland and Governor of Himachal Pradesh
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Angelova, Iliyana (31 May 2020), Berger, Peter; Sahoo, Sarbeswar (eds.),
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By virtue of two separate clans the gennas and rituals differ between
241:. The Sümi people are recognised as a Scheduled Tribe (STs) by India.
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Discovery
Channel India. (2017). Last Man Standing. Available at:
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by J. H. Hutton, who was a
Professor of Social Anthropology in the
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528:(1924–2014), Former Rajya Sabha Member of Parliament from Nagaland
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2020:
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http://www.discoverychannel.co.in/tv-shows/last-man-standing/
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Anthropological study of the Sümis is documented in the book
648:(1 ed.), Cambridge University Press, pp. 129–154,
582:"Degeneration of 'Memory': the case of Sümi Naga"
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is still the most respected festival for the local Sümi.
580:
Konwar, Juri Gogoi; Swu, Ngutoli Y. (1 January 2021).
138:
Portrayal of a Sümi Naga couple in traditional attire.
562:(1946–2015), Former Member of Parliament, Rajya Sabha
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signifies the celebration of the season's harvest in
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is a traditional post-harvest festival of the Sümis.
507:(1946–1998), Former Member of Parliament, Lok Sabha
449:, Cabinet Minister in Nagaland Legislative Assembly
49:. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.
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342:is not a feast to celebrate or worship Rice beer.
274:Sümi Nagas can be primarily found inhabiting the
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586:Journal of the Indian Anthropological Society
465:, Member of the Nagaland Legislative Assembly
722:The Sumi or Sema Nagas - Assam Online Portal
553:, Minister in Nagaland Legislative Assembly
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109:Learn how and when to remove this message
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1827:(including Chumbipa, Dopthapa, Dukpa,
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394:as the most grand and important one.
47:adding citations to reliable sources
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457:, Former Chief Minister of Nagaland
294:. There are seven Sümi villages in
13:
602:Crudelli, Chris (1 October 2008).
314:Sümi women in traditional costume.
14:
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2218:List of Scheduled Tribes in India
717:Entry of Sumi Nagas as Ethnologue
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545:, Member of Parliament, Lok Sabha
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379:with local herbs and vegetables.
440:Dimapur-II Assembly constituency
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16:Ethnic group in Nagaland, India
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516:(1929–2016), Chairman of
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537:(1932–2021), Politician
239:University of Cambridge
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605:The Way of the Warrior
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261:Advent of Christianity
1761:Khasi Synteng or Pnar
1209:Khasi Synteng or Pnar
1114:
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290:and in some parts of
182:Related ethnic groups
1909:Hrangkhwal, Rangkhol
1787:Mizo (Lushai) tribes
1548:Mizo (Lushai) tribes
1240:Mizo (Lushai) tribes
1082:Mizo (Lushai) tribes
462:Hekani Jakhalu Kense
43:improve this article
478:Hokato Hotozhe Sema
403:Ahuna (14 November)
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1782:Man (Tai speaking)
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558:H. Khekiho Zhimomi
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276:Zünheboto district
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220:Zünheboto District
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1757:Khasi and Jaintia
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1804:
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60: –
59:
55:
54:Find sources:
48:
44:
38:
37:
32:This article
30:
26:
21:
20:
2160:
2061:Khiamniungan
1175:Bodo-Kachari
1142:Bodo-Kachari
1054:(inc. Khasi
923:
824:Khiamniungan
667:, retrieved
645:
635:
623:. Retrieved
604:
597:
589:
585:
575:
556:
548:
540:
531:
522:
510:
503:Shikiho Sema
501:
493:
486:Hokishe Sema
484:
476:
468:
460:
454:K. L. Chishi
452:
446:G. Kaito Aye
444:
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421:
416:
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411:Thanksgiving
406:
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327:
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317:
280:Chümoukedima
273:
270:Distribution
264:
248:
234:
232:
217:
205:ethnic group
200:are a major
197:
195:
176:Christianity
123:Ethnic group
120:
105:
96:
86:
79:
72:
65:
53:
41:Please help
36:verification
33:
2242:Headhunting
2237:Naga people
2001:Naga tribes
1857:Kuki tribes
1839:, Tromopa,
1797:Naga tribes
1773:(see below)
1771:Kuki Tribes
1689:Munda, Kaur
1371:Tai peoples
1339:Naga tribes
1315:Miju Mishmi
1286:Aka (Hruso)
1281:Abor (Galo)
1250:Naga tribes
1226:(see below)
1224:Kuki Tribes
1092:Naga tribes
1068:(see below)
1066:Kuki Tribes
189:Naga people
58:"Sümi Naga"
2231:Categories
2031:Chakhesang
2004:including:
1860:including:
1802:Pawi (Lai)
1361:Sherdukpen
1259:Raba, Rava
1255:Pawi (Lai)
1097:Pawi (Lai)
794:Chakhesang
669:9 February
567:References
495:H. K. Sema
473:, Musician
470:Alobo Naga
162:and other
69:newspapers
2216:See also
2201:Yimkhiung
1984:Thangngeu
1936:Lengthang
1916:Khawchung
1167:Meghalaya
1116:Yimkhiung
964:Yimkhiung
625:8 October
524:Scato Swu
332:rice beer
306:Festivals
211:state of
154:Languages
127:Sümi Naga
99:June 2024
2166:Tangkhul
2081:Liangmai
1905:Hongsung
1880:Gamalhou
1874:Chongloi
1871:Changsan
1765:Lyngngam
1593:Tangkhul
1528:Liangmai
1455:Zekhring
1379:Khamyang
1213:Lyngngam
1129:Nagaland
1060:Lyngngam
929:Tangkhul
844:Liangmai
646:Godroads
336:plantain
245:Religion
213:Nagaland
170:Religion
2181:Thangal
2156:Sangtam
2151:Rongmei
2131:Pochury
2111:Monsang
2076:Lamkang
2071:Lainong
1991:Vaiphei
1971:Sitlhou
1968:Singson
1961:Sairhem
1951:Mangjel
1948:Lupheng
1945:Lhouvun
1942:Lhoujem
1939:Lhangum
1927:Kholhou
1893:Hanneng
1877:Doungel
1837:Tibetan
1829:Kagatey
1759:(inc.
1709:Tripuri
1659:Jamatia
1640:Chaimal
1623:Tripura
1603:Vaiphei
1578:Rongmei
1553:Monsang
1523:Lamkang
1513:Koireng
1465:Manipur
1435:Minyong
1375:Khampti
1329:Lishipa
1291:Apatani
1207:(inc.
1019:Mizoram
944:Thangal
919:Sangtam
914:Rongmei
894:Pochury
874:Monsang
839:Lamkang
834:Lainong
518:NSCN-IM
288:Niuland
284:Dimapur
255:animism
251:Baptist
83:scholar
2196:Wancho
2186:Tikhir
2171:Tangsa
2146:Rengma
2141:Poumai
2106:Maring
2091:Makury
2066:Konyak
2056:Kharam
2046:Chothe
2016:Angami
1965:Selnam
1930:Kipgen
1923:Khelma
1913:Jongbe
1902:Hengna
1899:Haolai
1884:Gangte
1847:Lepcha
1833:Sherpa
1825:Bhutia
1817:Sikkim
1747:Hajong
1732:Chakma
1704:Santal
1694:Noatia
1674:Lepcha
1664:Khasia
1644:Chakma
1636:Bhutia
1598:Thadou
1543:Maring
1493:Gangte
1488:Chothe
1450:Puroik
1410:Khamba
1393:(inc.
1373:(inc.
1355:Wancho
1347:Tangsa
1341:(inc.
1325:Chugpa
1323:(inc.
1313:(inc.
1311:Mishmi
1301:Galong
1195:Hajong
1180:Chakma
1042:Hajong
1027:Chakma
959:Wancho
949:Tikhir
934:Tangsa
909:Rengma
904:Poumai
869:Maring
854:Makury
829:Konyak
819:Kharam
809:Chothe
779:Angami
764:tribes
700:
660:
616:
422:Tülüni
392:Tülüni
388:Tukumi
360:Tülüni
349:Tülüni
344:Tülüni
340:Tülüni
323:Tülüni
187:other
85:
78:
71:
64:
56:
2191:Tutsa
2176:Tarao
2126:Para
2121:Nocte
2116:Moyon
2101:Maram
2086:Lotha
2051:Inpui
2041:Chiru
2036:Chirr
2026:Chang
1987:Uibuh
1980:Thado
1975:Sukte
1957:Riang
1954:Misao
1889:Guite
1867:Biate
1841:Yolmo
1724:Assam
1714:Uchoi
1699:Riang
1654:Halam
1649:Garoo
1583:Simte
1573:Ralte
1568:Purum
1563:Paite
1558:Moyon
1538:Maram
1503:Inpui
1483:Chiru
1473:Aimol
1420:Memba
1405:Deori
1399:Padam
1383:Phake
1351:Tutsa
1343:Nocte
1333:Takpa
1321:Momba
1120:woman
954:Tutsa
939:Tarao
884:Nocte
879:Moyon
864:Maram
849:Lotha
814:Inpui
804:Chiru
799:Chirr
789:Chang
417:Ahuna
407:Ahuna
398:Ahuna
376:axone
364:Aloji
300:Assam
198:Sümis
90:JSTOR
76:books
2206:Zeme
2161:Sumi
2136:Phom
2011:Anāl
1933:Kuki
1752:Hmar
1742:Garo
1669:Kuki
1631:Bhil
1608:Zeme
1498:Hmar
1478:Anal
1425:Miji
1415:Lisu
1395:Bori
1219:Koch
1200:Hmar
1190:Garo
1157:Naga
1147:Kuki
1137:Garo
1118:Naga
1072:Mara
1047:Hmar
1037:Garo
969:Zeme
924:Sumi
899:Phom
889:Para
774:Anāl
762:Naga
758:List
698:ISBN
671:2024
658:ISBN
627:2020
614:ISBN
386:and
384:Sümi
226:and
202:Naga
196:The
160:Sümi
62:news
2096:Mao
1684:Mag
1613:Zou
1533:Mao
1518:Kom
1445:Nga
1391:Adi
859:Mao
760:of
650:doi
298:of
215:.
45:by
2233::
2021:Ao
1835:,
1831:,
1397:,
1381:,
1377:,
1353:,
1349:,
1345:,
1331:,
1327:,
784:Ao
656:,
644:,
608:.
588:.
584:.
302:.
286:,
282:,
257:.
230:.
1843:)
1767:)
1401:)
1385:)
1357:)
1335:)
1317:)
1215:)
1062:)
1003:e
996:t
989:v
750:e
743:t
736:v
690:.
652::
629:.
560:,
535:,
526:,
514:,
505:,
488:,
112:)
106:(
101:)
97:(
87:·
80:·
73:·
66:·
39:.
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