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Ruth Sivard

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161:(ACDA) in 1961. She became the leader of ACDA's economic department three years later and began comparing military budgets to social statistics and other budgets in annual reports, including information on social indicators like 199:
This set of work continued to focus on the steady increase in defense spending in spite of other, more serious problems also needing attention, such as worldwide poverty, famine, illiteracy, and unemployment.
309: 417: 196:, which did not make the comparison to social spending. Sivard reported in 1986 that the White House was one of the best customers for her report. 280: 360: 437: 447: 231:
Military Budgets and Social Needs: Setting World Priorities. New York: Public Affairs Committee, 1977. Public affairs pamphlet, no. 551
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from 1961 to 1971, drawing attention to excessive military budgets by compiling data on international defense spending.
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Sivard left ACDA in 1971, and founded her own non-profit group, World Priorities. The organization, backed by the
407: 212:, with whom she had two children. She died of dementia in Washington, D.C., on August 21, 2015, aged 99. 208:
She was married to high school classmate Robert Sivard (1914–1990), the former art director of the
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Sivard worked with several federal agencies and non-governmental organizations before joining the
226: 185: 169:, Secretary of Defense, derided the reports as "misleading" and the agency was ordered by the 427: 422: 177: 138: 8: 234:
World Energy Survey. Leesburg, Va., USA (Box 1003, Leesburg 22075: World Priorities, 1981
146: 248: 238: 222: 162: 134: 121:(November 25, 1915 – August 21, 2015) was an American economist. She worked at the 76: 57: 181: 310:"Ruth Leger Sivard, economist who measured the cost of militarism, dies at 99" 386: 170: 142: 247:
Women, a world survey. 2nd edition. Washington, DC. World Priorities, 1995.
137:, to George and Susan (nÊe Zieten) Leger on November 25, 1915. She attended 166: 281:"Ruth Sivard, Economist Who Scrutinized Military Spending, Dies at 99" 192:
from 1974 to 1996. The government published its own annual report,
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Women; a world survey. Washington, DC, World Priorities, 1985.
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in 1937. Sivard obtained a master's degree in economics at
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administration to cease publishing the analyses in 1970.
384: 353: 221:World Military and Social Expenditures, 1974- 194:World Military Expenditures and Arms Transfers 188:, among others, published sixteen editions of 128: 335:"Two, it seems, can play the numbers game" 274: 272: 270: 268: 418:Deaths from dementia in Washington, D.C. 303: 301: 278: 14: 385: 327: 307: 265: 190:World Military and Social Expenditures 141:, then earned a sociology degree from 298: 438:20th-century American women writers 159:Arms Control and Disarmament Agency 123:Arms Control and Disarmament Agency 24: 448:American women non-fiction writers 25: 469: 308:Langer, Emily (August 29, 2015). 453:20th-century American economists 433:Economists from New York (state) 403:Economists from Washington, D.C. 279:Roberts, Sam (August 29, 2015). 210:United States Information Agency 215: 133:Ruth Lucille Leger was born in 13: 1: 443:Writers from Queens, New York 258: 393:People from Elmhurst, Queens 7: 458:21st-century American women 203: 10: 474: 413:New York University alumni 398:American women economists 152: 100: 92: 84: 65: 39: 32: 129:Early life and education 186:Rockefeller Foundation 408:Smith College alumni 178:Carnegie Corporation 139:Flushing High School 147:New York University 341:. January 18, 1986 58:Elmhurst, New York 44:Ruth Lucille Leger 27:American economist 367:. January 6, 1990 119:Ruth Leger Sivard 116: 115: 54:November 25, 1915 34:Ruth Leger Sivard 18:Ruth Leger Sivard 16:(Redirected from 465: 377: 376: 374: 372: 357: 351: 350: 348: 346: 331: 325: 324: 322: 320: 305: 296: 295: 293: 291: 276: 163:infant mortality 135:Elmhurst, Queens 112: 109: 107: 77:Washington, D.C. 72: 53: 51: 30: 29: 21: 473: 472: 468: 467: 466: 464: 463: 462: 383: 382: 381: 380: 370: 368: 359: 358: 354: 344: 342: 333: 332: 328: 318: 316: 314:Washington Post 306: 299: 289: 287: 277: 266: 261: 218: 206: 182:Ford Foundation 155: 131: 104: 80: 74: 70: 69:August 21, 2015 61: 55: 49: 47: 46: 45: 35: 28: 23: 22: 15: 12: 11: 5: 471: 461: 460: 455: 450: 445: 440: 435: 430: 425: 420: 415: 410: 405: 400: 395: 379: 378: 365:New York Times 352: 339:New York Times 326: 297: 285:New York Times 263: 262: 260: 257: 256: 255: 245: 235: 232: 229: 217: 214: 205: 202: 154: 151: 130: 127: 114: 113: 102: 98: 97: 94: 90: 89: 86: 82: 81: 75: 73:(aged 99) 67: 63: 62: 56: 43: 41: 37: 36: 33: 26: 9: 6: 4: 3: 2: 470: 459: 456: 454: 451: 449: 446: 444: 441: 439: 436: 434: 431: 429: 426: 424: 421: 419: 416: 414: 411: 409: 406: 404: 401: 399: 396: 394: 391: 390: 388: 366: 362: 356: 340: 336: 330: 315: 311: 304: 302: 286: 282: 275: 273: 271: 269: 264: 254: 253:9780918281104 250: 246: 244: 243:9780918281005 240: 236: 233: 230: 228: 224: 220: 219: 213: 211: 201: 197: 195: 191: 187: 183: 179: 174: 172: 168: 164: 160: 150: 148: 144: 143:Smith College 140: 136: 126: 124: 120: 111: 103: 99: 96:Robert Sivard 95: 91: 87: 83: 78: 68: 64: 59: 42: 38: 31: 19: 369:. Retrieved 364: 355: 343:. Retrieved 338: 329: 317:. Retrieved 313: 288:. Retrieved 284: 216:Bibliography 207: 198: 193: 189: 175: 167:Melvin Laird 156: 132: 118: 117: 71:(2015-08-21) 428:2015 deaths 423:1915 births 108:.ruthsivard 387:Categories 371:August 30, 345:August 29, 319:August 30, 290:August 30, 259:References 85:Occupation 50:1915-11-25 227:0363-4795 88:Economist 204:Personal 101:Website 251:  241:  225:  184:, and 153:Career 93:Spouse 79:, U.S. 60:, U.S. 171:Nixon 373:2015 347:2016 321:2015 292:2015 249:ISBN 239:ISBN 223:ISSN 110:.com 66:Died 40:Born 106:www 389:: 363:. 337:. 312:. 300:^ 283:. 267:^ 180:, 165:. 149:. 375:. 349:. 323:. 294:. 52:) 48:( 20:)

Index

Ruth Leger Sivard
Elmhurst, New York
Washington, D.C.
www.ruthsivard.com
Arms Control and Disarmament Agency
Elmhurst, Queens
Flushing High School
Smith College
New York University
Arms Control and Disarmament Agency
infant mortality
Melvin Laird
Nixon
Carnegie Corporation
Ford Foundation
Rockefeller Foundation
United States Information Agency
ISSN
0363-4795
ISBN
9780918281005
ISBN
9780918281104




"Ruth Sivard, Economist Who Scrutinized Military Spending, Dies at 99"

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