33:
479:), who intended to conquer Mazandaran. However, Tus secretly corresponded with Iskandar-i Shaykhi, and eventually joined the forces of Timur in 1392. The following year (1393), Timur dislodged the Mar'ashis and conquered Mazandaran. In 1399/1400, he deprived the Baduspanids of most of their holdings by sending his troops to administer most of Rustamdar. The holdings of the new Baduspanid ruler
487:. However, in 1405, he restored his rule in Rustamdar. He died in 1453. After his death, a dynastic struggle followed, which resulted in his kingdom being split up by his sons Iskandar IV and Ka'us II, in Kojur and Nur respectively. The Baduspanid dynasty was never to be united again, with the two branches ruling separately until they were eventually deposed in 1590s by the
1042:
372:
and
Baduspanids, formerly subject to the Dabuyids, continued to control the mountainous interior as tributary vassals of the Abbasid government. These rulers were largely if not completely autonomous.
416:
was stationed there, in the town of Kajija. The reports of the two authors seemingly indicate that there was a frontier zone between Ruyan and independent Daylam, which included the towns of
387:, but was added to Tabaristan after its conquest by the caliphate. Ruyan was a large district surrounded by two mountains on each side. Each town was able to raise 400–1000 men-in-arms. The
1138:
1310:
284:). Gushnasp submitted to Ardashir I after being guaranteed to keep his kingdom. His line would continue ruling Tabaristan until the second reign of
360:. Tabaristan was subsequently made a regular province of the caliphate, ruled from Amul by an Arab governor, although the local dynasties of the
1156:
1129:
1017:
909:
1315:
1409:
1383:
1336:
1324:
1299:
1251:
959:
1263:
919:
1215:
846:
100:. The region first appears in historical records as one of the lands of king Gushnasp and his descendants, who served as
1285:
1237:
945:
868:
1200:
1097:
988:
831:
32:
1166:"Tabaristān During the 'Abbāsid Period: The Overlapping Coinage of the Governors and Other Officials (144-178H)"
1404:
411:
1375:
Decline and Fall of the
Sasanian Empire: The Sasanian-Parthian Confederacy and the Arab Conquest of Iran
1150:
1123:
1089:
1011:
980:
903:
823:
812:
Bosworth, C. E. (1968). "The
Political and Dynastic History of the Iranian World (A.D. 1000–1217)". In
969:
Brunner, Christopher (1983). "Geographical and
Administrative divisions: Settlements and Economy". In
1272:
1224:
936:
851:
435:
345:
succeeded their father the former as the head of the
Dabuyid family, ruling the rest of Tabaristan.
17:
841:
518:
Tabaristan was the predominant name of the region until the 11th-century, when it was replaced by
420:, al-Muhdatha, and Muzn. Due to the regional prominence of the Baduspanids, Ruyan became known as
1184:
349:
1075:
891:
1192:
300:
131:
453:
452:, who ruled Rustamdar from 1381 until 1390, when they decided to install Baduspanid prince
8:
519:
337:). Gil Gavbara's son Baduspan I was granted control over Ruyan in 665, thus forming the
1228:
976:
The
Cambridge History of Iran, Volume 3(2): The Seleucid, Parthian and Sasanian Periods
940:
461:
338:
173:
37:
1379:
1353:
1345:
1320:
1295:
1247:
1210:
1196:
1093:
1059:
1051:
984:
955:
878:
827:
813:
457:
357:
353:
208:
85:
1232:
1107:
1071:
928:
376:
255:
244:
205:
93:
48:
1341:
1047:
254:
Ruyan is included among the lands of a local king named
Gushnasp according to the
188:
Ruyan was the name of a mountainous district that encompassed the western part of
1373:
1178:
1111:
1083:
1079:
974:
970:
924:
817:
492:
394:
259:
101:
999:
1280:
1268:
1220:
932:
863:
859:
1085:
The
Cambridge History of Iran, Volume 4: From the Arab Invasion to the Saljuqs
40:. The borders represent the traditional geographical boundaries of each region
1398:
1357:
1276:
1063:
882:
855:
425:
307:
262:
138:
105:
488:
465:
449:
417:
380:
365:
177:
480:
318:
216:
197:
149:
74:
369:
274:
231:
193:
189:
169:
70:
66:
819:
The
Cambridge History of Iran, Volume 5: The Saljuq and Mongol Periods
1172:. Lancaster and London: Classical Numismatic Group. pp. 101–126.
484:
361:
236:
1165:
1027:
1028:"Why Was the Story of Arash-i Kamangir Excluded from the Shahnameh"
430:
65:), was a mountainous district that encompassed the western part of
317:) reportedly granted control over Tabaristan to the Dabuyid ruler
148:) reportedly granted control over Tabaristan to the Dabuyid ruler
1188:
285:
117:
614:
405:
389:
384:
342:
327:
158:
88:, Ruyan appears as one of the places that the legendary archer
1170:
Iranian
Numismatic Studies. A Volume in Honor of Stephen Album
777:
775:
773:
771:
469:
296:
248:
240:
239:(d. after 1050), it was from Ruyan that the legendary archer
221:
97:
89:
341:, which would rule the region until the 1590s. Another son,
295:), who removed the dynasty from power and appointed his son
768:
756:
744:
705:
669:
356:, but he was finally defeated in 760 by its successor, the
268:
201:
111:
78:
792:
790:
626:
211:
suggested that Ruyan was identical to the mountain called
647:
645:
643:
641:
578:
556:
554:
552:
550:
1004:
Encyclopaedia Iranica, Vol. VII, online edition, Fasc. 4
172:
was granted control over Ruyan in 665, thus forming the
1116:
Encyclopædia Iranica, online edition, Vol. III, Fasc. 4
787:
734:
732:
717:
448:
The Baduspanids were briefly deposed from power by the
1143:
Encyclopædia Iranica, Vol. VI, online edition, Fasc. 5
657:
638:
547:
176:, which would rule the area until its conquest by the
896:
Encyclopædia Iranica, online edition, Vol. I, Fasc. 7
602:
566:
729:
693:
322:
266:
153:
109:
590:
1335:
1262:
1214:
1041:
1026:
918:
845:
681:
375:According to the 10th-century Persian geographers
1396:
535:
258:, which was written by the high priest of the
997:
620:
483:were now restricted to that of the castle of
60:
1371:
632:
456:on the throne in Rustamdar to challenge the
428:era, a deformed form of their regnal title,
409:
235:. According to the medieval Iranian scholar
1180:The Timurid Century: The Idea of Iran Vol.9
998:Felix, Wolfgang; Madelung, Wilferd (1995).
352:managed to safeguard his realm against the
1286:The Encyclopaedia of Islam, Second Edition
1238:The Encyclopaedia of Islam, Second Edition
1155:: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (
1128:: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (
1039:
1016:: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (
946:The Encyclopaedia of Islam, Second Edition
908:: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (
869:The Encyclopaedia of Islam, Second Edition
651:
92:shot his arrow from, reaching the edge of
1209:
1176:
1136:
1106:
1070:
1024:
889:
840:
811:
796:
781:
762:
750:
711:
675:
663:
584:
572:
560:
434:, which they had used since the rule of
104:vassals, until they were deposed by the
31:
1316:The Oxford Dictionary of Late Antiquity
1294:. Leiden: E. J. Brill. pp. 68–70.
968:
608:
14:
1397:
1333:
1260:
1076:"The Minor Dynasties of Northern Iran"
723:
687:
1163:
916:
738:
699:
596:
229:in another Zoroastrian document, the
1308:
541:
383:, Ruyan was initially a district of
247:to mark the border between Iran and
96:to mark the border between Iran and
1319:. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
61:
52:
24:
1365:
25:
1421:
1344:; Matringe, Denis; Nawas, John;
1050:; Matringe, Denis; Nawas, John;
36:Map of northern Iran during the
1372:Pourshariati, Parvaneh (2008).
1168:. In Faghfoury, Mostafa (ed.).
497:
474:
440:
399:
332:
312:
290:
279:
163:
143:
122:
1352:(3rd ed.). Brill Online.
1313:. In Nicholson, Oliver (ed.).
1058:(3rd ed.). Brill Online.
512:
321:, who was a great-grandson of
243:shot his arrow to the edge of
152:, who was a great-grandson of
13:
1:
1145:. New York. pp. 541–544.
1118:. New York. pp. 385–391.
1040:Ghereghlou, Kioumars (2018).
1006:. New York. pp. 342–347.
898:. New York. pp. 742–743.
529:
1410:Historical geography of Iran
393:(tax) imposed by the caliph
293: 488–496, 498–531
125: 488–496, 498–531
7:
1164:Malek, Hodge Mehdi (2017).
10:
1426:
1177:Melville, Charles (2020).
1137:Madelung, Wilfred (1993).
1090:Cambridge University Press
981:Cambridge University Press
824:Cambridge University Press
805:
183:
621:Felix & Madelung 1995
436:Shahriyar III ibn Jamshid
299:in its stead. During the
1025:Gazerani, Saghi (2014).
917:Blois, F. C. de (2000).
890:Bosworth, C. E. (1984).
505:
1334:Yavari, Neguin (2020).
1246:. Leiden: E. J. Brill.
1185:University of Cambridge
954:. Leiden: E. J. Brill.
877:. Leiden: E. J. Brill.
348:The last Dabuyid ruler
323:
267:
154:
110:
27:Historical area of Iran
1350:Encyclopaedia of Islam
1056:Encyclopaedia of Islam
410:
41:
1193:Bloomsbury Publishing
301:Arab invasion of Iran
168:). Gil Gavbara's son
132:Arab invasion of Iran
35:
1309:Webb, Peter (2018).
1092:. pp. 198–249.
983:. pp. 747–778.
464:who accompanied the
1405:Mazandaran province
1261:Rekaya, M. (1986).
784:, pp. 385–391.
765:, pp. 742–743.
753:, pp. 650–651.
714:, pp. 200–201.
678:, pp. 541–544.
623:, pp. 342–347.
215:("reddish") in the
1340:. In Fleet, Kate;
1211:Minorsky, Vladimir
1046:. In Fleet, Kate;
814:Boyle, John Andrew
587:, pp. 45, 47.
462:Iskandar-i Shaykhi
339:Baduspanid dynasty
200:coast of northern
196:, a region on the
174:Baduspanid dynasty
77:coast of northern
73:, a region on the
55:), later known as
42:
38:Iranian Intermezzo
1385:978-1-84511-645-3
1326:978-0-19-866277-8
1301:978-90-04-07819-2
1253:978-90-04-09834-3
1151:cite encyclopedia
1124:cite encyclopedia
1108:Madelung, Wilferd
1012:cite encyclopedia
961:978-90-04-11211-7
904:cite encyclopedia
726:, pp. 68–70.
633:Pourshariati 2008
491:monarch of Iran,
454:Sa'd al-Dawla Tus
358:Abbasid Caliphate
354:Umayyad Caliphate
209:James Darmesteter
86:Iranian mythology
16:(Redirected from
1417:
1389:
1361:
1339:
1330:
1305:
1266:
1257:
1229:Heinrichs, W. P.
1218:
1206:
1173:
1160:
1154:
1146:
1133:
1127:
1119:
1103:
1080:Frye, Richard N.
1067:
1045:
1036:
1030:
1021:
1015:
1007:
994:
971:Yarshater, Ehsan
965:
941:Heinrichs, W. P.
922:
913:
907:
899:
886:
849:
837:
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500: 1588–1629
499:
478:
477: 1370–1405
476:
444:
442:
415:
403:
401:
377:Ahmad ibn Rustah
336:
335: 496–498/9
334:
326:
316:
314:
294:
292:
283:
281:
272:
256:Letter of Tansar
167:
166: 496–498/9
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147:
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126:
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115:
64:
63:
54:
21:
1425:
1424:
1420:
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1418:
1416:
1415:
1414:
1395:
1394:
1386:
1378:. I.B. Tauris.
1368:
1366:Further reading
1346:Rowson, Everett
1327:
1302:
1269:Bosworth, C. E.
1254:
1221:Bosworth, C. E.
1203:
1148:
1147:
1121:
1120:
1100:
1052:Rowson, Everett
1009:
1008:
991:
962:
933:Bosworth, C. E.
901:
900:
892:"Āl-e Afrāsīāb"
864:Bosworth, C. E.
834:
808:
803:
795:
788:
780:
769:
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757:
749:
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737:
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686:
682:
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670:
662:
658:
652:Ghereghlou 2018
650:
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619:
615:
607:
603:
595:
591:
583:
579:
571:
567:
559:
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540:
536:
532:
527:
526:
517:
513:
508:
496:
493:Abbas the Great
473:
439:
398:
395:Harun al-Rashid
331:
311:
289:
278:
186:
162:
142:
121:
28:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
1423:
1413:
1412:
1407:
1391:
1390:
1384:
1367:
1364:
1363:
1362:
1342:Krämer, Gudrun
1331:
1325:
1306:
1300:
1273:van Donzel, E.
1258:
1252:
1225:van Donzel, E.
1207:
1201:
1174:
1161:
1134:
1104:
1098:
1068:
1048:Krämer, Gudrun
1037:
1022:
995:
989:
966:
960:
937:van Donzel, E.
925:Bearman, P. J.
914:
887:
852:van Donzel, E.
842:Bosworth, C.E.
838:
832:
807:
804:
802:
801:
799:, p. 808.
786:
767:
755:
743:
741:, p. 106.
728:
716:
704:
702:, p. 105.
692:
680:
668:
656:
637:
635:, p. 288.
625:
613:
611:, p. 765.
601:
599:, p. 188.
589:
577:
565:
563:, p. 650.
546:
533:
531:
528:
525:
524:
510:
509:
507:
504:
443: 937–949
404:) was 400,050
402: 786–809
315: 632–651
282: 224–242
185:
182:
180:in the 1590s.
146: 632–651
26:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
1422:
1411:
1408:
1406:
1403:
1402:
1400:
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1245:
1241:
1239:
1234:
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1226:
1222:
1217:
1212:
1208:
1204:
1202:9781838606152
1198:
1194:
1190:
1186:
1182:
1181:
1175:
1171:
1167:
1162:
1158:
1152:
1144:
1140:
1135:
1131:
1125:
1117:
1113:
1112:"Baduspanids"
1109:
1105:
1101:
1099:0-521-20093-8
1095:
1091:
1088:. Cambridge:
1087:
1086:
1081:
1077:
1073:
1069:
1065:
1061:
1057:
1053:
1049:
1044:
1043:"Bādūsbānids"
1038:
1034:
1029:
1023:
1019:
1013:
1005:
1001:
996:
992:
990:0-521-24693-8
986:
982:
979:. Cambridge:
978:
977:
972:
967:
963:
957:
953:
949:
947:
942:
938:
934:
930:
929:Bianquis, Th.
926:
921:
915:
911:
905:
897:
893:
888:
884:
880:
876:
872:
870:
865:
861:
857:
853:
848:
843:
839:
835:
833:0-521-06936-X
829:
825:
822:. Cambridge:
821:
820:
815:
810:
809:
798:
797:Bosworth 1978
793:
791:
783:
782:Madelung 1988
778:
776:
774:
772:
764:
763:Bosworth 1984
759:
752:
751:Minorsky 1995
747:
740:
735:
733:
725:
720:
713:
712:Madelung 1975
708:
701:
696:
689:
684:
677:
676:Madelung 1993
672:
666:, p. 36.
665:
664:Melville 2020
660:
653:
648:
646:
644:
642:
634:
629:
622:
617:
610:
605:
598:
593:
586:
585:Gazerani 2014
581:
575:, p. 29.
574:
573:Bosworth 1968
569:
562:
561:Minorsky 1995
557:
555:
553:
551:
543:
538:
534:
521:
515:
511:
503:
494:
490:
486:
482:
471:
467:
463:
459:
455:
451:
446:
437:
433:
432:
427:
423:
419:
414:
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407:
396:
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391:
386:
382:
378:
373:
371:
367:
363:
359:
355:
351:
346:
344:
340:
329:
325:
320:
309:
308:Yazdegerd III
306:
302:
298:
287:
276:
271:
270:
264:
263:King of Kings
261:
257:
252:
250:
246:
242:
238:
234:
233:
228:
224:
223:
218:
214:
210:
207:
204:. The French
203:
199:
195:
191:
181:
179:
175:
171:
160:
156:
151:
140:
139:Yazdegerd III
137:
133:
128:
119:
114:
113:
107:
106:King of Kings
103:
99:
95:
91:
87:
82:
80:
76:
72:
68:
58:
50:
46:
39:
34:
30:
19:
1392:
1374:
1349:
1314:
1311:"Tabarestan"
1291:
1284:
1243:
1242:Volume VIII:
1236:
1179:
1169:
1142:
1115:
1084:
1072:Madelung, W.
1055:
1032:
1003:
1000:"Deylamites"
975:
951:
944:
895:
874:
867:
818:
758:
746:
719:
707:
695:
683:
671:
659:
628:
616:
609:Brunner 1983
604:
592:
580:
568:
537:
514:
466:Turco-Mongol
447:
429:
421:
388:
381:Ibn al-Faqih
374:
366:Qarinvandids
347:
304:
253:
230:
227:Royishnomand
226:
220:
212:
187:
135:
129:
83:
56:
44:
43:
29:
1281:Pellat, Ch.
1233:Lecomte, G.
860:Pellat, Ch.
724:Rekaya 1986
688:Yavari 2020
481:Kayumarth I
458:Afrasiyabid
319:Gil Gavbara
303:, the last
217:Zoroastrian
206:orientalist
150:Gil Gavbara
134:, the last
130:During the
1399:Categories
1337:"Dābūyids"
1264:"Khurshīd"
1139:"Dabuyids"
1033:Iran Nameh
873:Volume IV:
739:Malek 2017
700:Malek 2017
597:Blois 2000
530:References
520:Mazandaran
370:Zarmihrids
324:shahanshah
305:shahanshah
275:Ardashir I
269:shahanshah
232:Bundahishn
194:Mazandaran
190:Tabaristan
170:Baduspan I
155:shahanshah
136:shahanshah
112:shahanshah
71:Mazandaran
67:Tabaristan
1358:1873-9830
1290:Volume V:
1277:Lewis, B.
1064:1873-9830
950:Volume X:
883:758278456
856:Lewis, B.
542:Webb 2018
450:Mar'ashis
422:Rustamdar
362:Bavandids
237:al-Biruni
219:document
57:Rustamdar
18:Rustamdar
1348:(eds.).
1292:Khe–Mahi
1283:(eds.).
1235:(eds.).
1213:(1995).
1110:(1988).
1074:(1975).
1054:(eds.).
1035:: 42–63.
943:(eds.).
920:"Tansar"
875:Iran–Kha
866:(eds.).
844:(1978).
431:ustandar
350:Khurshid
260:Sasanian
245:Khorasan
178:Safavids
102:Sasanian
94:Khorasan
1244:Ned–Sam
1216:"Rūyān"
1189:English
1082:(ed.).
973:(ed.).
847:"Ḳāwūs"
816:(ed.).
806:Sources
489:Safavid
460:prince
424:in the
406:dirhams
286:Kavad I
213:Raodita
198:Caspian
184:History
118:Kavad I
75:Caspian
62:رستمدار
49:Persian
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470:Timur
297:Kawus
249:Turan
241:Arash
222:Yasht
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53:رویان
45:Ruyan
1380:ISBN
1354:ISSN
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1248:ISBN
1197:ISBN
1157:link
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1094:ISBN
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879:OCLC
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