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42:
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1464:(iron overload), necessitating further research into the dietary risk factors for this condition, as well as general nutritional requirements for the Egyptian fruit bat. While import of fruit bats into the US is usually closely regulated, a procedural error in 1994 allowed the importation of thousands of Egyptian fruit bats (and other species). Given that the Egyptian fruit bat is highly adaptable, there are concerns that, through the pet trade, it could become an introduced species in the
1489:, which track the orientation of their head. Additionally they have vector cells, which contain a representation of the location relative to an important object. The bats are of particular interest, because these three types of cells have been shown to represent location and direction in 3D. Bats also have cells that represent the location of other bats, which researchers have called 'social place cells'. This finding was published in conjunction with a similar finding in rats.
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source somewhere, they will travel distances of about 15–20 km (9.3–12.4 mi) to reach it. It eats large quantities of fruit each evening, equivalent to about 50 to 150 percent of its weight. While eating, it will hold the fruit tightly against its body to prevent theft by other bats. Its intestinal transit time is rapid, with food passing through the small and large intestines in 18–100 minutes. The
Egyptian fruit bat serves as a
3432:
1445:
1360:, though it is considered a primitive form compared to non-megabat species. A few other megabat species echolocate via creating clicks with their wings. It echolocates by emitting a series of sharp, bidirectional click pairs with its tongue and by altering teeth and lip positions. The clicks are normally slow and constant, but speed up dramatically when the bat approaches an object. This allows it to effectively navigate in darkness.
1211:
the pup to the same tree and is left there for the night while the mother forages. The pup learns this location and visits it first when at about three months of age, the pup will leave the roost on its own to forage for its food. They only become independent from their mothers after nine months, once they have finally reached their adult physique. Offspring typically stay with the same colony as the parents for their entire lives.
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1460:(AZA) member facilities, slightly more than 5% of all captive bat individuals of twenty-eight different species. In the future, the AZA emphasized the need to ensure that males are rotated among facilities to promote genetic variation within the captive population. Captive individuals are susceptible to
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at birth with their eyes shut until they are nine days old. The female carries the pup until it is six weeks old, which is when it can hang in the roost on its own. Afterwards, the pup is left in the roost while the mother forages. Before the pup is left in the roost, the mother repeatedly transports
1049:
The
Egyptian fruit bat has one of the greatest ratios of brain weight to body weight of any bat species. It is well adapted to seeing in low light and possesses a highly developed sense of smell. The regions of the brain associated with sight and smell are similarly well-developed. Its eyes are large
1018:
The
Egyptian fruit bat is considered a medium-sized megabat. Adults have an average total body length of 15 cm (5.9 in) and an average wingspan of about 60 cm (24 in). Its forearm length is 81–102 mm (3.2–4.0 in) and its thumb length is 22–31 mm (0.87–1.22 in).
1041:
The fur on its body is relatively short and consists of soft and sleek strands. On its back, the fur's coloration ranges from dark brown to gray-brown, while the coloration on its underside is pale brown with a yellowish-brown collar around its neck. Its wings are of a darker brown than its body and
1214:
In the wild, the average lifespan of the
Egyptian fruit bat ranges from 8 to 10 years, while in captivity its lifespan is about 22 years with proper care. The significant difference between the lifespan of Egyptian fruit bats in the wild versus ones in captivity is mostly because of the wild bats’
1151:
The
Egyptian fruit bat usually makes multiple, short flights from its roost to various fruiting trees. It prefers to pick fruit and carry it back to the roost or another tree before eating it. A study of Egyptian fruit bats in Cyprus noted that if Egyptian fruit bats are aware of an abundant fruit
1094:
during a zoological expedition in 2017. Usually the
Egyptian fruit bat inhabits tropical rainforests, savannas, or other forests, and tends to live in large colonies that consist of thousands of individuals in their established roosts. It prefers to establish roosts wherever there are plenty of
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It also makes use of a range of vocalizations for communication, including grunts and screeches, to communicate with other bats within the colony. As a result, a large roosting colony can be a deafening cacophony. Additionally, according to several studies, it is thought that because of their
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to the female bat. The nuptial gifts are fruits that the male allows the female to scrounge. By allowing the female to scrounge, it strengthens the bond between the pair, thus increasing the probability of the female copulating with a given male. Females typically give birth to only a single
2950:; the virus was isolated from oral and rectal swabs of those infected bats. This finding indicates that horizontal transmission to the reservoir occurs due to direct or indirect exposure to these fluids and that direct or indirect exposure could transmit the virus to other animals and humans
1476:
The
Egyptian fruit bat is used as a model animal in navigation research. They are especially suitable for this kind of research, because they use visual inputs in conjunction with echolocation to navigate. Additionally, their head is large enough to hold a wireless device that holds both
1148:. The type of fruit consumed is influenced by overall availability depending on the season and habitat type. Its dietary flexibility includes eating unripe fruits or those damaged by insects or fungi, allowing them to persist in habitats where ripe fruits are not perennially available.
1400:, which not only killed Egyptian fruit bats, but many insectivorous bat species. Populations of insectivorous bats declined by approximately 90% in fifteen years as a result of the fumigation of caves, despite being protected under the Israeli Wild Animals Protection Law.
1156:
of large and small seeds. Seeds are dispersed 25–400 m (82–1,312 ft) away from parent trees. Even seeds too large to ingest are dispersed due to its habit of picking fruits in one tree and consuming them in another, where larger seeds are spat out.
1042:
the wing membranes attach to the leg at the first toe. Males and females have similar coloration. Similar to other megachiropteran species, the
Egyptian fruit bat only has claws on its first and second digits, while the other digits have extremities made of
1188:
The
Egyptian fruit bat has two breeding seasons: the first is from April to August, while the second season is from October to February. When the breeding season begins, the bats within the colony separate based on sex. The males gather together to form
399:. It is considered a medium-sized megabat, with adults weighing 80–170 g (2.8–6.0 oz) and possessing wingspans of approximately 60 cm (24 in). Individuals are dark brown or grayish brown, with their undersides paler than their backs.
770:
was "accepted almost universally by the scientific community", emphasizing its use by
Andersen in 1912. Kock argued that even if it was an unjustified emendation at first, it became a justified emendation through widespread use, as the use of
842:. Diversification into three species followed soon after, with the Egyptian fruit bat the first to branch—the Comoro and Madagascan rousettes have a more recent common ancestor with each other than with the Egyptian fruit bat.
414:
that consumes a variety of fruits depending on the season and local availability. Because of its consumption of commercially-grown fruits, the Egyptian fruit bat is considered a pest by farmers. It also acts as a
1979:
Special characters must be reduced to their basic letters (æ to ae, ñ to n, é to e) except in German ä, ö and ü published before 1985, which have to be corrected to ae, oe and ue (after 1985: a, o and u).
1364:
constant exposure to thousands of other individuals, they can form their own language to interact with one another about specific topics such as food. Colonies of Egyptian fruit bats develop their own
410:, though a more primitive version than used by bats in other families. It has also developed a socially-complex vocalization system to communicate with conspecifics. The Egyptian fruit bat is a
1381:
Since fruit bats also eat commercially grown fruits intended for human consumption, many of them are poisoned or otherwise persecuted and eliminated by farmers to prevent crop loss. In Turkey,
1132:, consuming mostly fruit, and leaves. It leaves its roost at dusk to begin foraging. The Egyptian fruit bat has a flexible diet, consuming any soft, pulpy fruit from fruiting trees, comprising
6391:
2946:
MARV RNA has been detected in various tissues, including the salivary glands, kidneys, bladder, large intestine, and blood, as well as the oral secretions, urine, and feces of infected
1389:
cave entrances with sulfur to exterminate entire bat colonies. While Egyptian fruit bats do eat commercially grown fruits, the percentage of crops lost to bats may be overestimated.
387:
species with an African-Malagasy range, though the only species of its genus found on continental Africa. The common ancestor of the three species colonized the region in the late
2351:
1385:, and Cyprus, farmers have poisoned Egyptian fruit bats via insecticides and pesticides. Other techniques used to kill the bats include using dynamite to destroy cave roosts, or
1392:
In the 1950s in Israel, Egyptian fruit bats were declared pests, which led to an eradication campaign starting in 1958. Its roosting caves were poisoned with the pesticides
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fruiting trees nearby; most roosts are in caves. When no caves are nearby, it establishes roosts in cave-like human structures, such as abandoned depots and hangars.
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1308:
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2011:
1368:, producing sounds at different frequencies. Egyptian fruit bat pups acquire the dialect of their colonies by listening to their mothers' vocalizations.
830:). Based on an analysis of both mitochondrial and nuclear genetics, the Egyptian fruit bat forms a clade with the Madagascan and Comoro rousettes. The
402:
The Egyptian fruit bat is a highly social species, usually living in colonies with thousands of other bats. It, along with other members of the genus
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1992:
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that go into the brain and measure electrical activity of the cells, as well as a tracking device. This method was used to show that bats have
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Markotter, W.; MacEwan, K.; White, W.; Cohen, L.; Jacobs, D.; Monadjem, A.; Richards, L.R.; Schoeman, C.; Sethusa, T.; Taylor, P.J. (2016).
1962:
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Cunhaalmeida, F.; Giannini, N. P.; Simmons, N. B. (2016). "The Evolutionary History of the African Fruit Bats (Chiroptera: Pteropodidae)".
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3436:
1793:
Almeida, F. C.; Giannini, N. P.; Simmons, N. B. (2016). "The Evolutionary History of the African Fruit Bats (Chiroptera: Pteropodidae)".
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1086:. It is the only frugivorous bat species in Europe. Outside of its natural distribution, an Egyptian fruit bat was observed in the
1197:. Female bats have control over copulation; therefore, to increase the chances of mating, male Egyptian fruit bats will provide a
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Adults weigh 80–170 g (2.8–6.0 oz). Males are larger than females and can be easily distinguished by their large
2815:"Crowd vocal learning induces vocal dialects in bats: Playback of conspecifics shapes fundamental frequency usage by pups"
1894:. Catalogue of the Chiroptera in Collection of the British Museum. Vol. 1 (2nd ed.). London: Taylor and Francis.
1420:, but a 2018 review concluded that more studies are necessary to determine the specific mechanisms of exposure that cause
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in humans. Exposure to guano could be a route of transmission to humans. It has been documented with antibodies against
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Yartsev, M. M.; Ulanovsky, N. (2013). "Representation of Three-Dimensional Space in the Hippocampus of Flying Bats".
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of the eye (vascular region between retina and sclera) has tiny projections known as papillae, which is where its
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Strachinis, I.; Kalaentzis, K.; Katsiyiannis, P.; Kazilas, C. (2018). "First record of the Egyptian fruit bat,
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The Egyptian fruit bat is vastly dispersed across various locations and can be found throughout Africa, the
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2365:. South Africa: South African National Biodiversity Institute and Endangered Wildlife Trust. Archived from
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Happold, M. (2013). Kingdon, J.; Happold, D.; Butynski, T.; Hoffmann, M.; Happold, M.; Kalina, J. (eds.).
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that occurs in Africa, the Middle East, the Mediterranean and the Indian subcontinent. It is one of three
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1432:, but has not tested positive for the virus itself. Evidence that it or any other megabat species is the
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Holland, R.; Waters, D. (2007). "The effect of familiarity on echolocation in the megachiropteran bat
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was undisputed until Corbet and Hill (the ICZN Code also mandates that use of "æ" become "ae", hence
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2221:"Morphological and Scanning Electron Microscopy Studies of the Stomach of the Egyptian Fruit Bat (
1840:"Description des rousettes et des céphalotes, Deux nouveaux genres de la famille des Chauvesouris"
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3395:(E. Geoffroy Saint-Hilaire, 1810) Egyptian rousette". In Skinner, J. D.; Chimimba, C. T. (eds.).
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3212:"Researchers identify 'social place cells' in the brain that respond to the locations of others"
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Leendertz, S. A. J.; Gogarten, J. F.; Düx, A.; Calvignac-Spencer, S.; Leendertz, F. H. (2016).
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3315:"You live in a mostly 2D world, but the map in your brain charts the places you've been in 3D"
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Lee, Wu-Jung; Falk, Benjamin; Chiu, C.; Krishnan, A.; Arbour, J. H.; Moss, Cynthia F. (2017).
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2361:. In Child, M.F.; Roxburgh, L.; Do Linh San, E.; Raimondo, D.; Davies-Mostert, H.T. (eds.).
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Catalogue of monkeys, lemurs, and fruit-eating bats in the collection of the British Museum
1486:
1409:
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599:
510:
2964:"Assessing the Evidence Supporting Fruit Bats as the Primary Reservoirs for Ebola Viruses"
2086:"Taxonomy and biogeography of African fruit bats (Mammalia, Megachiroptera). 4. The genus
8:
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and well-developed, while its ears are considered medium-length. As in all megabats, the
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50:
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around the world. As of 2015, there were 616 Egyptian fruit bats housed in twenty-three
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is no longer in use). Kock also writes that since the Latin adjective for "Egyptian" is
41:
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The Egyptian fruit bat has been a suspected reservoir for several human diseases under
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220:
80:
3037:"The Ascension of Wildlife Rabies: A Cause for Public Health Concern or Intervention?"
1172:
tree, for instance, relies almost exclusively on fruit bats to pollinate its flowers.
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as well. However, Geoffroy's revision was supported in 2001 by D. Kock. He notes that
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2434:"Food for Sex in Bats Revealed as Producer Males Reproduce with Scrounging Females"
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Lee, W.-J.; Falk, B.; Chiu, C.; Krishnan, A.; Arbour, J. H.; Moss, C. F. (2017).
2019:. 4th Session of the Meeting of Parties. Sofia. 22–24 September 2003. p. 53.
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1247:. External parasites (ectoparasites) of the Egyptian fruit bat include parasitic
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offspring each year (called a "pup"), but twins are occasionally born, after a
1153:
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2458:
1468:, competing with native animals and causing destruction to fruit agriculture.
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2734:"Confirmation of the Echolocation Pulse Production Mechanism of Rousettus"
1772:(Third ed.). Baltimore: Johns Hopkins University Press. p. 347.
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4108:
3959:
3236:"Fruit bat's echolocation may work like sophisticated surveillance sonar"
1465:
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1265:
1161:
1078:. Other populations occur in the Mediterranean on the mainland coasts of
1067:
839:
733:"may be considered a slip or misprint corrected by the author himself".
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and the prominent, stiff strands of hair around their throats. It has a
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2891:"BATS Magazine Article: Insectivorous Bats Victims of Israeli Campaign"
2757:
2683:"Tongue-driven sonar beam steering by a lingual-echolocating fruit bat"
2632:"Tongue-driven sonar beam steering by a lingual-echolocating fruit bat"
2415:
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species included) based on 2016 study of mitochondrial and nuclear DNA
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period of around 115 to 120 days. Newborn Egyptian fruit bat pups are
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2299:) dispersal on seed germination in eastern Mediterranean habitats".
2122:
Juste, J.; Ibañez, C. (1993). "Geographic variation and taxonomy of
1730:
South Asian mammals : their diversity, distribution, and status
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117:
2126:(Mammalia: Megachiroptera) in the islands of the Gulf of Guinea".
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1770:
Mammal Species of the World: A Taxonomic and Geographic Reference
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to conspecifics through contact with infected excretions such as
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1365:
1319:
1051:
1020:
378:
147:
3086:"Geographic Translocation of Bats: Known and Potential Problems"
2432:
Harten, L.; Prat, Y.; Ben Cohen, S.; Dor, R.; Yovel, Y. (2019).
1343:
A colony of Egyptian fruit bats in a roost at Ha-Teomim cave in
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3035:
Rupprecht, C.; Smith, J. S.; Fekadu, M.; Childs, J. E. (1995).
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127:
107:
3399:(3rd ed.). Cambridge University Press. pp. 267–269.
2363:
The Red List of Mammals of South Africa, Swaziland and Lesotho
1943:(Seabra, 1900), justified emendations of original spellings".
1227:
The Egyptian fruit bat has several avian predators, including
2295:
Izhaki, I.; Korine, C.; Arad, Z. (1995). "The effect of bat (
2000:. 4th Session of the Meeting of Parties. Sofia. pp. 1–2.
1417:
1141:
928:
789:
Agreement on the Conservation of Populations of European Bats
1994:
Review of Species to be listed on the Annex to the Agreement
3021:(Report) (3rd ed.). Association of Zoos and Aquariums.
2029:
2013:
Resolution No. 4.8: Amendment of the Annex to the Agreement
1453:
1350:
Egyptian fruit bats, along with other species in the genus
1312:. Internal parasites (endoparasites) are the hemosporidian
1304:
1248:
1228:
952:
888:
3034:
2582:"Echolocation signal structure in the Megachiropteran bat
2349:
1907:
The Mammals of the Indomalayan Region: A Systematic Review
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is a simple misspelling in the original description. The
137:
3013:
1485:, which are cells that track their location, as well as
1107:
An Egyptian fruit bat clings to pieces of orange at the
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lineage colonized Africa in a single event in the late
2431:
1863:"Description des mammifères qui se trouvent en Égypte"
1860:
1837:
1792:
1727:
1605:
1175:
2580:
Holland, R. A.; Waters, D. A.; Rayner, J. M. (2004).
2526:"How Bat Moms Give Bat Pups Their Sense of Direction"
2625:
2623:
2171:
2117:
2115:
2812:
2680:
2629:
2579:
2260:(Pteropodidae), from Kastellorizo island, Greece".
1898:
1666:
2813:Prat, Y.; Azoulay, L.; Dor, R.; Yovel, Y. (2017).
1160:Egyptian fruit bats are ecologically important as
2620:
2112:
2079:
2077:
2075:
2073:
2071:
6660:
3258:
2866:"What Bat Quarrels Tell Us About Vocal Learning"
2480:
2294:
1591:. Vol. 4. A&C Black. pp. 373–375.
395:. The species is traditionally divided into six
4263:
2888:
2218:
1844:Annales du Muséum national d'histoire naturelle
1759:
1757:
1582:
1580:
1578:
1576:
1574:
1572:
1570:
1568:
3397:The Mammals of the Southern African Sub-region
2483:"Nitrogen and Energy Balance of the Fruit Bat
2068:
1875:
1566:
1564:
1562:
1560:
1558:
1556:
1554:
1552:
1550:
1548:
1531:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2016-2.RLTS.T29730A22043105.en
1452:The Egyptian fruit bat is well represented in
689:as a new species in 1810 by French naturalist
3458:
2778:
2214:
2212:
2172:Albayrak, İ.; Asan, N.; Yorulmaz, T. (2008).
1930:
1928:
1926:
1924:
1854:
1014:Closeup view of the Egyptian fruit bat's head
6724:Taxa named by Étienne Geoffroy Saint-Hilaire
4486:
3308:
3306:
3030:
3028:
1754:
1667:Kwiecinski, G. G.; Griffiths, T. A. (1999).
1448:Two captive individuals on a skewer of fruit
423:for many species of trees and other plants.
5771:
3205:
3203:
3201:
3083:
2167:
2165:
2163:
2161:
2159:
2157:
2155:
2153:
2151:
2149:
2121:
1706:
1704:
1545:
1371:
1303:, and it has also been documented with the
1061:
697:. He later revised the specific epithet to
4686:
3738:
3530:
3465:
3451:
3366:
2575:
2573:
2392:"Reproductive Cycles of East African Bats"
2209:
1921:
1904:
1768:. In Wilson, D. E.; Reeder, D. M. (eds.).
1505:
1222:
1168:for many species of trees and plants. The
206:
59:
40:
5557:
3312:
3303:
3151:
3133:
3131:
3129:
3109:
3060:
3025:
2987:
2931:
2840:
2830:
2708:
2698:
2657:
2647:
2603:
2481:Korine, C.; Arad, Z.; Arieli, A. (1996).
2457:
2427:
2425:
2240:
2128:Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society
2051:
1814:
1728:Srinivasulu, C.; Srinivasulu, B. (2012).
1684:
1529:
1119:An Egyptian fruit bat in flight in Israel
426:
406:, are some of the only fruit bats to use
6135:East African little collared fruit bat (
3198:
3175:
3173:
3171:
2913:
2146:
2083:
1881:
1701:
1443:
1412:. It is hypothesized that it can spread
1338:
1179:
1114:
1102:
1009:
6169:
6024:Veldkamp's dwarf epauletted fruit bat (
3140:"Sat-nav neurons tell bats where to go"
2808:
2806:
2731:
2570:
2523:
2219:Abumandour, M. M. A; Pérez, W. (2017).
1916:
1912:
1763:
1732:. New York, NY: Springer. p. 242.
1586:
1436:of Ebola virus is "far from decisive".
1403:
1356:, are some of the only megabats to use
1098:
14:
6661:
3387:
3137:
3126:
3009:
3007:
2863:
2524:Preston, Elizabeth (4 December 2021).
2422:
1991:Hutson, A. M. (22–24 September 2003).
1990:
1786:
6291:
6290:
5991:Hayman's dwarf epauletted fruit bat (
5849:Lesser Angolan epauletted fruit bat (
5770:
5556:
4685:
4485:
4262:
3737:
3529:
3446:
3337:
3179:
3168:
2889:Makin, David; Medelssohn, H. (1985).
1717:. Order of the Trustees. p. 107.
791:was amended to use the specific name
740:argued that Geoffroy's revision from
709:, treating the taxon as two species (
6449:796682d5-9510-42d7-8ec6-60699280af5e
6000:Peters' dwarf epauletted fruit bat (
5917:Buettikofer's epauletted fruit bat (
4419:New Britain naked-backed fruit bat (
3927:Nusatenggara short-nosed fruit bat (
3563:Broad-striped tube-nosed fruit bat (
3340:"The brain's GPS has a buddy system"
3016:AZA Bat TAG Regional Collection Plan
2803:
2389:
2174:"History of the Egyptian Fruit Bat,
1939:(E. Geoffroy St. Hilaire, 1810) and
1934:
1710:
1123:
818:have an African-Malagasy range: the
807:(2013) follow Kock and use the name
6669:IUCN Red List least concern species
5867:East African epauletted fruit bat (
4338:Philippine naked-backed fruit bat (
4329:Beaufort's naked-backed fruit bat (
4320:Andersen's naked-backed fruit bat (
3004:
2882:
2591:The Journal of Experimental Biology
2553:"Bat World Sanctuary: Bats As Pets"
2229:International Journal of Morphology
2178:, in Turkey (Mammalia: Chiroptera)"
1905:Corbet, G. B.; Hill, J. E. (1992).
1861:Geoffroy-Saint-Hilaire, E. (1813).
1838:Geoffroy-Saint-Hilaire, E. (1810).
1517:IUCN Red List of Threatened Species
1499:
1471:
1291:. Fleas that parasitize it include
1269:species. Others parasitic taxa are
1176:Mating, reproduction and life cycle
705:placed it in the now-defunct genus
24:
5355:Little golden-mantled flying fox (
4374:Solomon's naked-backed fruit bat (
4347:Halmahera naked-backed fruit bat (
3945:Indonesian short-nosed fruit bat (
3599:Round-eared tube-nosed fruit bat (
3360:
2140:10.1111/j.1096-3642.1993.tb00217.x
1909:. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
1074:, and the northern regions of the
701:, given as 1812 or 1818. In 1870,
25:
6740:
5935:Franquet's epauletted fruit bat (
5885:Wahlberg's epauletted fruit bat (
5532:Sulawesi stripe-faced fruit bat (
4729:Giant golden-crowned flying fox (
4428:Greenish naked-backed fruit bat (
4392:Moluccan naked-backed fruit bat (
4365:Sulawesi naked-backed fruit bat (
3662:Philippine tube-nosed fruit bat (
3412:
3014:Bat Taxon Advisory Group (2015).
1458:Association of Zoos and Aquariums
345:(Feiler, Haft, and Widmann, 1993)
5858:Ethiopian epauletted fruit bat (
5523:Mindoro stripe-faced fruit bat (
4410:Western naked-backed fruit bat (
4401:Panniet naked-backed fruit bat (
3713:Steadfast tube-nosed fruit bat (
3430:
3418:
2044:10.3161/15081109ACC2016.18.1.003
1807:10.3161/15081109ACC2016.18.1.003
84:
5831:Peters's epauletted fruit bat (
5822:Ansell's epauletted fruit bat (
5078:New Ireland masked flying fox (
4929:New Georgian monkey-faced Bat (
4893:Bougainville monkey-faced Bat (
4780:Small white-winged flying fox (
4383:Lesser naked-backed fruit bat (
3936:Greater short-nosed fruit bat (
3590:Mountain tube-nosed fruit bat (
3331:
3252:
3228:
3210:Weizmann Institute of Science.
3077:
2955:
2907:
2857:
2772:
2725:
2674:
2545:
2517:
2474:
2383:
2343:
2288:
2249:
2242:10.4067/S0717-95022017000100040
2023:
2004:
1984:
1955:
1439:
1334:
989:São Tomé, São Tomé and Príncipe
985:Javier Juste and Carlos Ibañez
971:Príncipe, São Tomé and Príncipe
967:Javier Juste and Carlos Ibañez
752:, and changed the name back to
5840:Gambian epauletted fruit bat (
5813:Angolan epauletted fruit bat (
4902:Guadalcanal monkey-faced Bat (
3891:Lesser short-nosed fruit bat (
3644:Demonic tube-nosed fruit bat (
3635:Malaita tube-nosed fruit bat (
3617:Keast's tube-nosed fruit bat (
2503:10.1086/physzool.69.3.30164219
2352:"A conservation assessment of
1831:
1721:
1243:. A mammalian predator is the
999:
884:Étienne Geoffroy Saint-Hilaire
691:Étienne Geoffroy Saint-Hilaire
313:(Anderson and de Winton, 1902)
13:
1:
6126:São Tomé collared fruit bat (
4356:Biak naked-backed fruit bat (
3704:Lesser tube-nosed fruit bat (
3626:Island tube-nosed fruit bat (
3608:Dragon tube-nosed fruit bat (
3572:Common tube-nosed fruit bat (
1492:
1428:in its blood, known as being
845:
748:was invalid according to the
675:within Pteropodidae (not all
6116:(Little collared fruit bats)
5876:Minor epauletted fruit bat (
5427:Philippine gray flying fox (
5024:Bismarck masked flying fox (
4085:Ratanaworabhan's fruit bat (
3680:Umboi tube-nosed fruit bat (
3405:10.1017/CBO9781107340992.018
3090:Emerging Infectious Diseases
3041:Emerging Infectious Diseases
2832:10.1371/journal.pbio.2002556
2700:10.1371/journal.pbio.2003148
2649:10.1371/journal.pbio.2003148
850:There are six subspecies of
7:
6144:Little collared fruit bat (
4802:(Straw-coloured fruit bats)
4611:New Caledonia blossom bat (
4019:Fischer's pygmy fruit bat (
3377:Bonner zoologische Beiträge
3084:Constantine, D. G. (2003).
2916:"Marburgviruses: An Update"
1376:
826:) and the Comoro rousette (
798:Mammal Species of the World
685:The Egyptian fruit bat was
10:
6745:
6729:Habitats Directive species
6699:Mammals of the Middle East
5481:New Caledonia flying fox (
5231:Black-bearded flying fox (
4920:Montane monkey-faced Bat (
4911:Greater monkey-faced Bat (
4821:Straw-coloured fruit bat (
4452:Sulawesi harpy fruit bat (
4094:White-collared fruit bat (
4076:Javan tailless fruit bat (
3986:Rickart's dyak fruit bat (
3828:Spotted-winged fruit bat (
3804:Mindanao pygmy fruit bat (
2797:10.1163/156853907781871842
2274:10.1515/mammalia-2017-0063
2191:(1): 11–18. Archived from
2185:Turkish Journal of Zoology
1766:"Chiroptera: Pteropodidae"
1219:and vitamin D deficiency.
1128:The Egyptian fruit bat is
1006:Megabat § Description
1003:
736:In 1992, G. B. Corbet and
6719:Mammals described in 1810
6589:
6299:
6248:
6218:Short-palated fruit bat (
6206:
6197:
6160:
6106:
6073:
6049:
6040:
6012:
5971:
5947:
5897:
5793:
5784:
5780:
5766:
5620:
5570:
5566:
5552:
5511:
5328:Geelvink Bay flying fox (
5159:Livingstone's fruit bat (
5060:Large Samoan flying fox (
4988:Small Samoan flying fox (
4941:
4881:
4869:Small-toothed fruit bat (
4857:
4845:Fijian monkey-faced Bat (
4833:
4792:
4771:White-winged flying fox (
4759:
4699:
4695:
4681:
4661:Moss-forest blossom bat (
4623:
4582:
4561:Black-bellied fruit bat (
4552:Fardoulis's blossom bat (
4540:
4519:Long-tongued nectar bat (
4509:(Long-tongued fruit bats)
4499:
4495:
4481:
4440:
4300:
4276:
4272:
4258:
4219:
4195:
4174:Greater musky fruit bat (
4154:
4130:
4106:
4055:
4031:
4007:
3977:Brooks's dyak fruit bat (
3957:
3871:
3847:
3816:
3792:
3751:
3747:
3733:
3692:
3581:Pallas's tube-nosed bat (
3543:
3539:
3525:
3481:
3473:Extant species of family
3338:RIKEN (11 January 2018).
3182:"Bat Navigation Revealed"
3153:10.1038/nature.2017.21275
2980:10.1007/s10393-015-1053-0
2487:s on Natural Fruit Diets"
2459:10.1016/j.cub.2019.04.066
1038:for a total of 34 teeth.
596:
579:
572:
555:
548:
531:
524:
507:
500:
474:
467:
460:
449:Other pteropodid species
447:
440:
353:(Juste and Ibañez), 1993)
226:
219:
215:Egyptian fruit bat range
214:
205:
186:
179:
81:Scientific classification
79:
57:
48:
39:
34:
6181:D'Anchieta's fruit bat (
5692:Leschenault's rousette (
5337:Grey-headed flying fox (
5240:Black-eared flying fox (
5123:Ontong Java flying fox (
5015:Ashy-headed flying fox (
4592:(Long-tailed fruit bats)
4528:Long-tongued fruit bat (
4310:(Bare-backed fruit bats)
4183:Lesser musky fruit bat (
3859:Black-capped fruit bat (
3671:Eastern tube-nosed Bat (
2914:Miraglia, C. M. (2019).
1372:Relationship with humans
1328:Nycteridocoptes rousetti
1184:Young Egyptian fruit bat
1062:Distribution and habitat
948:William Edward de Winton
337:(Juste and Ibañez, 1993)
6227:Campo-Ma’an fruit bat (
5436:Temminck's flying fox (
5409:Little red flying fox (
5391:Madagascan flying fox (
5141:Andersen's flying fox (
5105:Gilliard's flying fox (
5051:Spectacled flying fox (
4652:Halmahera blossom bat (
4602:Long-tailed fruit bat (
4043:Salim Ali's fruit bat (
3900:Horsfield's fruit bat (
3653:Lesser tube-nosed bat (
3553:(tube-nosed fruit bats)
3367:Eisentraut, M. (1959).
3281:10.1126/science.1235338
2732:Roberts, L. H. (1975).
1963:"32. Original spelling"
1868:Description de l'Égypte
1764:Simmons, N. B. (2005).
1223:Predators and parasites
1193:while the females form
909:Cape Town, South Africa
693:, who gave it the name
5981:(Dwarf epauleted bats)
5803:(Epauleted fruit bats)
5737:Long-haired rousette (
5719:Bare-backed rousette (
5418:Seychelles fruit bat (
5382:Rodrigues flying fox (
5267:Mauritian flying fox (
5195:Big-eared flying fox (
4961:Admiralty flying fox (
4812:Madagascan fruit bat (
4570:Woodford's fruit bat (
4207:Blanford's fruit bat (
3881:(Dog-faced fruit bats)
3838:Balionycteris seimundi
3313:Grijseels, D. (2019).
3186:The Scientist Magazine
3102:10.3201/eid0901.020104
3053:10.3201/eid0104.950401
2870:The Scientist Magazine
2084:Bergmans, Wim (1994).
1941:Pipistrellus anchietae
1449:
1347:
1215:increased exposure to
1185:
1120:
1112:
1109:Cotswold Wildlife Park
1015:
725:of the taxon; he used
717:). Danish mammalogist
427:Taxonomy and etymology
326:Rousettus occidentalis
6397:rousettus-aegyptiacus
6358:rousettus-aegyptiacus
6331:Rousettus aegyptiacus
6301:Rousettus aegyptiacus
5746:Madagascan rousette (
5665:Geoffroy's rousette (
5630:(rousette fruit bats)
5608:Philippine dawn bat (
5454:Vanikoro flying fox (
5364:Solomons flying fox (
5249:Caroline flying fox (
5033:Moluccan flying fox (
4711:Sulawesi flying fox (
3425:Rousettus aegyptiacus
3393:Rousettus aegyptiacus
3371:Rousettus aegyptiacus
2933:10.1093/labmed/lmy046
2781:Rousettus aegyptiacus
2584:Rousettus aegyptiacus
2491:Physiological Zoology
2354:Rousettus aegyptiacus
2297:Rousettus aegyptiacus
2258:Rousettus aegyptiacus
2223:Rousettus aegyptiacus
2176:Rousettus aegyptiacus
2124:Rousettus aegyptiacus
2032:Acta Chiropterologica
1945:Acta Chiropterologica
1937:Rousettus aegyptiacus
1882:Andersen, K. (1912).
1871:. Paris. p. 134.
1795:Acta Chiropterologica
1524:: e.T29730A22043105.
1510:Rousettus aegyptiacus
1447:
1422:Marburg virus disease
1342:
1309:Alectorobius camicasi
1183:
1118:
1106:
1013:
852:Rousettus aegyptiacus
814:Two other members of
374:Rousettus aegyptiacus
278:Eleutherura ægyptiaca
190:Rousettus aegyptiacus
18:Rousettus aegyptiacus
6704:Mammals of West Asia
6591:Pteropus aegyptiacus
6444:Fauna Europaea (new)
6345:Rousettus_egyptiacus
6260:Zenker's fruit bat (
5926:Dobson's fruit bat (
5590:Greater nectar bat (
5445:Insular flying fox (
5373:Rennell flying fox (
5177:Okinawa flying fox (
5087:Nicobar flying fox (
4997:Vanuatu flying fox (
4970:Aldabra flying fox (
4643:Common blossom bat (
4288:Bulmer's fruit bat (
4067:Tailless fruit bat (
3909:Peters's fruit bat (
3427:at Wikimedia Commons
2738:Journal of Mammalogy
2598:(Pt 25): 4361–4369.
2485:Rousettus aegyptlacu
2444:(11): 1895–1900.e3.
2396:Journal of Mammalogy
2390:Okia, N. O. (1987).
1711:Gray, J. E. (1870).
1671:Rousettus egyptiacus
1487:head direction cells
1404:As disease reservoir
1315:Plasmodium roussetti
1254:Spinturnix lateralis
1099:Behavior and ecology
795:in 2003. Books like
727:Rousettus ægyptiacus
286:Eleutherura unicolor
270:Pteropus hottentotus
257:(Lichtenstein, 1823)
246:Pteropus aegyptiacus
6709:Mammals of Pakistan
6236:Pohle's fruit bat (
6085:Azagnyi fruit bat (
5959:Hammer-headed Bat (
5748:R. madagascariensis
5683:Egyptian rousette (
5674:Sulawesi rousette (
5463:Kosrae flying fox (
5319:Masked flying fox (
5294:Ornate flying fox (
5276:Temotu flying fox (
5222:Indian flying fox (
5213:Mariana fruit bat (
5204:Lesser flying fox (
5186:Lyle's flying fox (
5168:Lombok flying fox (
5069:Ryukyu flying fox (
5042:Makira flying fox (
4782:D. microleucopterus
4738:Palawan fruit bat (
4720:Talaud flying fox (
3273:2013Sci...340..367Y
3138:Abbott, A. (2017).
2920:Laboratory Medicine
2864:Zimmer, K. (2018).
2450:2019CBio...29E1895H
2313:1995Oecol.101..335I
1886:Rosettus ægyptiacus
1506:Korine, C. (2016).
1239:, specifically the
1076:Indian subcontinent
1056:photoreceptor cells
858:
824:R. madagascariensis
820:Madagascan rousette
695:Pteropus egyptiacus
583:R. madagascariensis
342:Rousettus thomensis
318:Rousettus sjostedti
238:Pteropus egyptiacus
172:R. aegyptiacus
51:Conservation status
35:Egyptian fruit bat
6689:Bats of South Asia
6061:Angolan rousette (
5701:Linduan Rousette (
5667:R. amplexicaudatus
5647:Manado fruit bat (
5499:Dwarf flying fox (
5490:Pemba flying fox (
5472:Large flying fox (
5400:Samoa flying fox (
5346:Bonin flying fox (
5310:Pelew flying fox (
5258:Great flying fox (
5132:Small flying fox (
5096:Banks flying fox (
4979:Black flying fox (
4747:Sunda flying fox (
4164:(Musky fruit bats)
3967:(Dayak fruit bats)
3918:Minute fruit bat (
3771:Borneo fruit bat (
3761:(Pygmy fruit bats)
3437:Egyptian fruit bat
3180:Grant, B. (2014).
2531:The New York Times
2321:10.1007/BF00328820
1935:Kock, D. (2001). "
1450:
1348:
1195:maternity colonies
1186:
1121:
1113:
1016:
857:
478:R. amplexicaudatus
377:) is a species of
365:Egyptian fruit bat
350:Rousettus tomensis
334:Rousettus princeps
329:(Eisentraut, 1960)
310:Rousettus arabicus
294:Rousettus unicolor
262:Pteropus geoffroyi
6656:
6655:
6574:Open Tree of Life
6293:Taxon identifiers
6284:
6283:
6280:
6279:
6276:
6275:
6272:
6271:
6229:C. campomaanensis
6193:
6192:
6156:
6155:
6119:
6036:
6035:
5984:
5910:
5806:
5762:
5761:
5758:
5757:
5710:Comoro rousette (
5633:
5599:Cave nectar bat (
5583:
5580:(Dawn fruit bats)
5548:
5547:
5544:
5543:
5285:Ceram fruit bat (
5114:Gray flying fox (
5053:P. conspicillatus
4954:
4805:
4677:
4676:
4673:
4672:
4636:
4595:
4512:
4477:
4476:
4473:
4472:
4461:Harpy fruit bat (
4313:
4266:Harpyionycterinae
4254:
4253:
4250:
4249:
4231:Swift fruit bat (
4167:
4142:Dusky fruit bat (
4120:O. cartilagonodus
4118:Luzon fruit bat (
3995:Dayak fruit bat (
3970:
3947:C. titthaecheilus
3884:
3861:C. melanocephalus
3780:Pygmy fruit bat (
3764:
3729:
3728:
3725:
3724:
3556:
3423:Media related to
3369:"Der Rassenkreis
3344:medicalxpress.com
3267:(6130): 367–372.
2605:10.1242/jeb.01288
1739:978-1-4614-3449-8
1677:Mammalian Species
1589:Mammals of Africa
1434:natural reservoir
1394:1,2-Dibromoethane
1124:Diet and foraging
997:
996:
879:R. a. aegyptiacus
804:Mammals of Africa
759:Mammalian Species
683:
682:
665:
664:
656:
655:
647:
646:
638:
637:
629:
628:
620:
619:
611:
610:
489:
488:
369:Egyptian rousette
361:
360:
354:
346:
338:
330:
322:
314:
306:
298:
290:
282:
274:
266:
258:
254:Pteropus collaris
250:
242:
232:
74:
16:(Redirected from
6736:
6649:
6648:
6636:
6635:
6623:
6622:
6610:
6609:
6608:
6582:
6581:
6569:
6568:
6556:
6555:
6543:
6542:
6530:
6529:
6517:
6516:
6504:
6503:
6491:
6490:
6478:
6477:
6465:
6464:
6452:
6451:
6439:
6438:
6426:
6425:
6413:
6412:
6400:
6399:
6387:
6386:
6374:
6373:
6361:
6360:
6348:
6347:
6335:
6334:
6333:
6320:
6319:
6318:
6288:
6287:
6204:
6203:
6167:
6166:
6128:M. brachycephala
6118:
6117:
6113:
6094:Woermann's bat (
6047:
6046:
5983:
5982:
5978:
5909:
5908:
5907:(Epauleted bats)
5904:
5805:
5804:
5800:
5791:
5790:
5782:
5781:
5768:
5767:
5632:
5631:
5627:
5582:
5581:
5577:
5568:
5567:
5554:
5553:
5420:P. seychellensis
5339:P. poliocephalus
5260:P. neohibernicus
5150:Kei flying fox (
5035:P. chrysoproctus
5006:Aru flying fox (
4963:P. admiralitatum
4953:
4952:
4948:
4804:
4803:
4799:
4697:
4696:
4683:
4682:
4635:
4634:
4630:
4613:N. neocaledonica
4594:
4593:
4589:
4511:
4510:
4506:
4497:
4496:
4483:
4482:
4312:
4311:
4307:
4274:
4273:
4260:
4259:
4166:
4165:
4161:
3969:
3968:
3964:
3883:
3882:
3878:
3763:
3762:
3758:
3749:
3748:
3735:
3734:
3555:
3554:
3550:
3541:
3540:
3527:
3526:
3467:
3460:
3453:
3444:
3443:
3435:Data related to
3434:
3422:
3408:
3384:
3354:
3353:
3351:
3350:
3335:
3329:
3328:
3326:
3325:
3310:
3301:
3300:
3256:
3250:
3249:
3247:
3246:
3232:
3226:
3225:
3223:
3222:
3207:
3196:
3195:
3193:
3192:
3177:
3166:
3165:
3155:
3135:
3124:
3123:
3113:
3081:
3075:
3074:
3064:
3032:
3023:
3022:
3020:
3011:
3002:
3001:
2991:
2959:
2953:
2952:
2935:
2911:
2905:
2904:
2902:
2901:
2886:
2880:
2879:
2877:
2876:
2861:
2855:
2854:
2844:
2834:
2825:(10): e2002556.
2810:
2801:
2800:
2791:(9): 1053–1064.
2776:
2770:
2769:
2729:
2723:
2722:
2712:
2702:
2693:(12): e2003148.
2678:
2672:
2671:
2661:
2651:
2642:(12): e2003148.
2627:
2618:
2617:
2607:
2577:
2568:
2567:
2565:
2564:
2555:. Archived from
2549:
2543:
2542:
2540:
2538:
2521:
2515:
2514:
2478:
2472:
2471:
2461:
2429:
2420:
2419:
2387:
2381:
2380:
2378:
2377:
2371:
2360:
2347:
2341:
2340:
2292:
2286:
2285:
2253:
2247:
2246:
2244:
2216:
2207:
2206:
2204:
2203:
2197:
2182:
2169:
2144:
2143:
2119:
2110:
2109:
2081:
2066:
2065:
2055:
2027:
2021:
2020:
2018:
2008:
2002:
2001:
1999:
1988:
1982:
1981:
1976:
1974:
1959:
1953:
1952:
1932:
1919:
1910:
1902:
1896:
1895:
1879:
1873:
1872:
1858:
1852:
1851:
1835:
1829:
1828:
1818:
1790:
1784:
1783:
1761:
1752:
1751:
1725:
1719:
1718:
1708:
1699:
1698:
1688:
1664:
1603:
1602:
1584:
1543:
1542:
1540:
1538:
1533:
1503:
1472:As model animals
1037:
1036:
1035:
1032:
924:John Edward Gray
859:
856:
703:John Edward Gray
671:Relationship of
575:
574:
551:
550:
535:R. leschenaultii
527:
526:
503:
502:
470:
469:
463:
462:
443:
442:
436:
435:
431:
430:
352:
344:
336:
328:
321:(Lönnbert, 1908)
320:
312:
304:
302:Pteropus leachii
296:
288:
280:
273:(Temminck, 1832)
272:
265:(Temminck, 1825)
264:
256:
249:(Geoffroy, 1810)
248:
240:
230:
210:
192:
89:
88:
68:
63:
62:
44:
32:
31:
21:
6744:
6743:
6739:
6738:
6737:
6735:
6734:
6733:
6659:
6658:
6657:
6652:
6644:
6639:
6631:
6626:
6618:
6613:
6604:
6603:
6598:
6585:
6577:
6572:
6564:
6561:Observation.org
6559:
6551:
6546:
6538:
6533:
6525:
6520:
6512:
6507:
6499:
6494:
6486:
6481:
6473:
6468:
6460:
6455:
6447:
6442:
6434:
6429:
6421:
6416:
6408:
6403:
6395:
6390:
6382:
6377:
6369:
6364:
6356:
6351:
6343:
6338:
6329:
6328:
6323:
6314:
6313:
6308:
6295:
6285:
6268:
6244:
6189:
6152:
6115:
6114:
6112:
6102:
6069:
6032:
6008:
5980:
5979:
5977:
5967:
5943:
5919:E. buettikoferi
5906:
5905:
5903:
5893:
5802:
5801:
5799:
5776:
5754:
5694:R. leschenaulti
5629:
5628:
5626:
5616:
5579:
5578:
5576:
5562:
5540:
5507:
5456:P. tuberculatus
5278:P. nitendiensis
5161:P. livingstonii
5107:P. gilliardorum
4950:
4949:
4947:
4937:
4877:
4853:
4829:
4801:
4800:
4798:
4788:
4755:
4691:
4669:
4632:
4631:
4629:
4619:
4591:
4590:
4588:
4578:
4536:
4508:
4507:
4505:
4491:
4469:
4443:Harpyionycteris
4436:
4403:D. pannietensis
4309:
4308:
4306:
4296:
4268:
4246:
4215:
4191:
4163:
4162:
4160:
4150:
4126:
4102:
4051:
4027:
4003:
3966:
3965:
3963:
3953:
3929:C. nusatenggara
3880:
3879:
3877:
3867:
3843:
3812:
3806:A. paucidentata
3788:
3760:
3759:
3757:
3743:
3721:
3688:
3552:
3551:
3549:
3535:
3521:
3477:
3471:
3415:
3383:(3/4): 218–235.
3363:
3361:Further reading
3358:
3357:
3348:
3346:
3336:
3332:
3323:
3321:
3319:Massive Science
3311:
3304:
3257:
3253:
3244:
3242:
3234:
3233:
3229:
3220:
3218:
3208:
3199:
3190:
3188:
3178:
3169:
3136:
3127:
3082:
3078:
3033:
3026:
3018:
3012:
3005:
2960:
2956:
2912:
2908:
2899:
2897:
2887:
2883:
2874:
2872:
2862:
2858:
2811:
2804:
2777:
2773:
2750:10.2307/1379620
2730:
2726:
2679:
2675:
2628:
2621:
2578:
2571:
2562:
2560:
2551:
2550:
2546:
2536:
2534:
2522:
2518:
2479:
2475:
2438:Current Biology
2430:
2423:
2408:10.2307/1381058
2388:
2384:
2375:
2373:
2369:
2358:
2348:
2344:
2293:
2289:
2254:
2250:
2217:
2210:
2201:
2199:
2195:
2180:
2170:
2147:
2120:
2113:
2082:
2069:
2028:
2024:
2016:
2010:
2009:
2005:
1997:
1989:
1985:
1972:
1970:
1961:
1960:
1956:
1933:
1922:
1903:
1899:
1880:
1876:
1859:
1855:
1836:
1832:
1791:
1787:
1780:
1762:
1755:
1740:
1726:
1722:
1709:
1702:
1686:10.2307/3504411
1665:
1606:
1599:
1585:
1546:
1536:
1534:
1504:
1500:
1495:
1474:
1462:hemochromatosis
1442:
1406:
1379:
1374:
1337:
1318:, which causes
1225:
1191:bachelor groups
1178:
1166:seed dispersers
1126:
1101:
1064:
1029:
1028:
1008:
1002:
848:
729:and wrote that
666:
657:
648:
639:
630:
621:
612:
490:
429:
357:
234:
233:
201:
194:
188:
175:
83:
75:
64:
60:
53:
28:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
6742:
6732:
6731:
6726:
6721:
6716:
6714:Fauna of Egypt
6711:
6706:
6701:
6696:
6691:
6686:
6681:
6679:Bats of Africa
6676:
6671:
6654:
6653:
6651:
6650:
6637:
6624:
6611:
6595:
6593:
6587:
6586:
6584:
6583:
6570:
6557:
6544:
6531:
6518:
6505:
6492:
6479:
6466:
6453:
6440:
6431:Fauna Europaea
6427:
6414:
6401:
6388:
6375:
6362:
6349:
6336:
6321:
6305:
6303:
6297:
6296:
6282:
6281:
6278:
6277:
6274:
6273:
6270:
6269:
6267:
6266:
6256:
6254:
6246:
6245:
6243:
6242:
6233:
6224:
6214:
6212:
6201:
6199:Scotonycterini
6195:
6194:
6191:
6190:
6188:
6187:
6177:
6175:
6164:
6158:
6157:
6154:
6153:
6151:
6150:
6141:
6132:
6122:
6120:
6104:
6103:
6101:
6100:
6091:
6081:
6079:
6071:
6070:
6068:
6067:
6057:
6055:
6044:
6038:
6037:
6034:
6033:
6031:
6030:
6020:
6018:
6010:
6009:
6007:
6006:
5997:
5993:M. intermedius
5987:
5985:
5969:
5968:
5966:
5965:
5955:
5953:
5945:
5944:
5942:
5941:
5932:
5923:
5913:
5911:
5895:
5894:
5892:
5891:
5882:
5873:
5864:
5855:
5846:
5837:
5828:
5819:
5809:
5807:
5788:
5778:
5777:
5764:
5763:
5760:
5759:
5756:
5755:
5753:
5752:
5743:
5726:
5725:
5716:
5707:
5698:
5689:
5685:R. aegyptiacus
5680:
5671:
5654:
5653:
5636:
5634:
5618:
5617:
5615:
5614:
5605:
5596:
5586:
5584:
5564:
5563:
5550:
5549:
5546:
5545:
5542:
5541:
5539:
5538:
5529:
5525:S. mindorensis
5519:
5517:
5509:
5508:
5506:
5505:
5496:
5487:
5478:
5469:
5460:
5451:
5442:
5433:
5424:
5415:
5406:
5397:
5388:
5384:P. rodricensis
5379:
5370:
5361:
5352:
5343:
5334:
5325:
5316:
5307:
5300:
5291:
5282:
5273:
5264:
5255:
5246:
5237:
5233:P. melanopogon
5228:
5219:
5210:
5201:
5192:
5183:
5179:P. loochoensis
5174:
5170:P. lombocensis
5165:
5156:
5147:
5143:P. intermedius
5138:
5134:P. hypomelanus
5129:
5120:
5111:
5102:
5093:
5084:
5075:
5066:
5057:
5048:
5039:
5030:
5026:P. capistratus
5021:
5012:
5003:
4994:
4985:
4976:
4972:P. aldabrensis
4967:
4957:
4955:
4951:(flying foxes)
4939:
4938:
4936:
4935:
4926:
4917:
4908:
4899:
4889:
4887:
4879:
4878:
4876:
4875:
4865:
4863:
4855:
4854:
4852:
4851:
4841:
4839:
4831:
4830:
4828:
4827:
4818:
4808:
4806:
4790:
4789:
4787:
4786:
4777:
4773:D. leucopterus
4767:
4765:
4757:
4756:
4754:
4753:
4744:
4735:
4726:
4717:
4707:
4705:
4693:
4692:
4679:
4678:
4675:
4674:
4671:
4670:
4668:
4667:
4658:
4649:
4639:
4637:
4633:(blossom bats)
4621:
4620:
4618:
4617:
4608:
4598:
4596:
4580:
4579:
4577:
4576:
4567:
4558:
4548:
4546:
4538:
4537:
4535:
4534:
4525:
4515:
4513:
4493:
4492:
4489:Macroglossinae
4479:
4478:
4475:
4474:
4471:
4470:
4468:
4467:
4458:
4448:
4446:
4438:
4437:
4435:
4434:
4425:
4416:
4407:
4398:
4394:D. moluccensis
4389:
4380:
4371:
4362:
4353:
4344:
4335:
4326:
4316:
4314:
4298:
4297:
4295:
4294:
4284:
4282:
4270:
4269:
4256:
4255:
4252:
4251:
4248:
4247:
4245:
4244:
4237:
4227:
4225:
4217:
4216:
4214:
4213:
4203:
4201:
4193:
4192:
4190:
4189:
4180:
4170:
4168:
4152:
4151:
4149:
4148:
4138:
4136:
4128:
4127:
4125:
4124:
4114:
4112:
4104:
4103:
4101:
4100:
4091:
4082:
4073:
4063:
4061:
4053:
4052:
4050:
4049:
4039:
4037:
4029:
4028:
4026:
4025:
4015:
4013:
4005:
4004:
4002:
4001:
3992:
3983:
3973:
3971:
3955:
3954:
3952:
3951:
3942:
3933:
3924:
3915:
3911:C. luzoniensis
3906:
3902:C. horsfieldii
3897:
3887:
3885:
3869:
3868:
3866:
3865:
3855:
3853:
3845:
3844:
3842:
3841:
3834:
3824:
3822:
3814:
3813:
3811:
3810:
3800:
3798:
3790:
3789:
3787:
3786:
3777:
3767:
3765:
3745:
3744:
3731:
3730:
3727:
3726:
3723:
3722:
3720:
3719:
3710:
3700:
3698:
3690:
3689:
3687:
3686:
3677:
3668:
3659:
3650:
3641:
3637:N. malaitensis
3632:
3623:
3614:
3605:
3596:
3587:
3578:
3569:
3559:
3557:
3537:
3536:
3523:
3522:
3520:
3519:
3513:
3511:Laurasiatheria
3507:
3501:
3495:
3489:
3482:
3479:
3478:
3470:
3469:
3462:
3455:
3447:
3441:
3440:
3439:at Wikispecies
3428:
3414:
3413:External links
3411:
3410:
3409:
3385:
3362:
3359:
3356:
3355:
3330:
3302:
3251:
3227:
3197:
3167:
3125:
3076:
3047:(4): 107–114.
3024:
3003:
2954:
2948:R. aegyptiacus
2906:
2895:www.batcon.org
2881:
2856:
2802:
2771:
2744:(1): 218–220.
2724:
2673:
2619:
2586:Geoffroy 1810"
2569:
2544:
2516:
2497:(3): 618–634.
2473:
2421:
2402:(1): 138–141.
2382:
2342:
2307:(3): 335–342.
2287:
2268:(6): 611–613.
2248:
2235:(1): 242–250.
2208:
2145:
2134:(2): 117–129.
2111:
2067:
2022:
2003:
1983:
1954:
1920:
1917:Happold (2013)
1913:Simmons (2005)
1897:
1892:Megachiroptera
1874:
1853:
1830:
1785:
1778:
1753:
1738:
1720:
1700:
1604:
1597:
1544:
1497:
1496:
1494:
1491:
1473:
1470:
1441:
1438:
1405:
1402:
1378:
1375:
1373:
1370:
1336:
1333:
1263:, and several
1224:
1221:
1177:
1174:
1154:seed disperser
1134:Persian lilacs
1125:
1122:
1100:
1097:
1063:
1060:
1025:dental formula
1004:Main article:
1001:
998:
995:
994:
991:
986:
983:
981:R. a. tomensis
977:
976:
973:
968:
965:
963:R. a. princeps
959:
958:
955:
950:
941:
939:R. a. arabicus
935:
934:
931:
926:
921:
919:R. a. unicolor
915:
914:
911:
906:
901:
895:
894:
891:
886:
881:
875:
874:
871:
870:Type Locality
868:
863:
847:
844:
681:
680:
673:R. aegyptiacus
668:
667:
663:
662:
659:
658:
654:
653:
650:
649:
645:
644:
641:
640:
636:
635:
632:
631:
627:
626:
623:
622:
618:
617:
614:
613:
609:
608:
605:
604:
595:
592:
591:
588:
587:
578:
573:
571:
568:
567:
564:
563:
559:R. aegyptiacus
554:
549:
547:
544:
543:
540:
539:
530:
525:
523:
520:
519:
516:
515:
506:
501:
499:
496:
495:
492:
491:
487:
486:
483:
482:
473:
468:
466:
461:
459:
456:
455:
452:
451:
446:
441:
439:
434:
428:
425:
421:seed disperser
359:
358:
356:
355:
347:
339:
331:
323:
315:
307:
299:
291:
283:
275:
267:
259:
251:
243:
241:Geoffroy, 1810
229:
228:
227:
224:
223:
217:
216:
212:
211:
203:
202:
195:
184:
183:
177:
176:
169:
167:
163:
162:
155:
151:
150:
145:
141:
140:
135:
131:
130:
125:
121:
120:
115:
111:
110:
105:
101:
100:
95:
91:
90:
77:
76:
58:
55:
54:
49:
46:
45:
37:
36:
27:Species of bat
26:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
6741:
6730:
6727:
6725:
6722:
6720:
6717:
6715:
6712:
6710:
6707:
6705:
6702:
6700:
6697:
6695:
6694:Bats of India
6692:
6690:
6687:
6685:
6682:
6680:
6677:
6675:
6672:
6670:
6667:
6666:
6664:
6647:
6642:
6638:
6634:
6629:
6625:
6621:
6616:
6612:
6607:
6601:
6597:
6596:
6594:
6592:
6588:
6580:
6575:
6571:
6567:
6562:
6558:
6554:
6549:
6545:
6541:
6536:
6532:
6528:
6523:
6519:
6515:
6510:
6506:
6502:
6497:
6493:
6489:
6484:
6480:
6476:
6471:
6467:
6463:
6458:
6454:
6450:
6445:
6441:
6437:
6432:
6428:
6424:
6419:
6415:
6411:
6406:
6402:
6398:
6393:
6389:
6385:
6380:
6376:
6372:
6367:
6363:
6359:
6354:
6350:
6346:
6341:
6337:
6332:
6326:
6322:
6317:
6311:
6307:
6306:
6304:
6302:
6298:
6294:
6289:
6265:
6263:
6258:
6257:
6255:
6253:
6252:
6251:Scotonycteris
6247:
6241:
6239:
6234:
6232:
6230:
6225:
6223:
6221:
6216:
6215:
6213:
6211:
6210:
6205:
6202:
6200:
6196:
6186:
6184:
6179:
6178:
6176:
6174:
6173:
6168:
6165:
6163:
6159:
6149:
6147:
6142:
6140:
6138:
6133:
6131:
6129:
6124:
6123:
6121:
6111:
6110:
6105:
6099:
6097:
6092:
6090:
6088:
6083:
6082:
6080:
6078:
6077:
6076:Megaloglossus
6072:
6066:
6064:
6063:L. angolensis
6059:
6058:
6056:
6054:
6053:
6052:Lissonycteris
6048:
6045:
6043:
6039:
6029:
6027:
6026:N. veldkampii
6022:
6021:
6019:
6017:
6016:
6011:
6005:
6003:
5998:
5996:
5994:
5989:
5988:
5986:
5976:
5975:
5974:Micropteropus
5970:
5964:
5962:
5961:H. monstrosus
5957:
5956:
5954:
5952:
5951:
5946:
5940:
5938:
5933:
5931:
5929:
5924:
5922:
5920:
5915:
5914:
5912:
5902:
5901:
5896:
5890:
5888:
5883:
5881:
5879:
5874:
5872:
5870:
5865:
5863:
5861:
5856:
5854:
5852:
5847:
5845:
5843:
5838:
5836:
5834:
5829:
5827:
5825:
5820:
5818:
5816:
5815:E. angolensis
5811:
5810:
5808:
5798:
5797:
5792:
5789:
5787:
5783:
5779:
5775:
5774:Epomophorinae
5769:
5765:
5751:
5749:
5744:
5742:
5740:
5734:
5733:
5732:Stenonycteris
5728:
5727:
5724:
5722:
5721:R. spinalatus
5717:
5715:
5713:
5712:R. obliviosus
5708:
5706:
5704:
5703:R. linduensis
5699:
5697:
5695:
5690:
5688:
5686:
5681:
5679:
5677:
5676:R. celebensis
5672:
5670:
5668:
5662:
5661:
5656:
5655:
5652:
5650:
5644:
5643:
5638:
5637:
5635:
5625:
5624:
5619:
5613:
5611:
5606:
5604:
5602:
5597:
5595:
5593:
5588:
5587:
5585:
5575:
5574:
5569:
5565:
5561:
5555:
5551:
5537:
5535:
5530:
5528:
5526:
5521:
5520:
5518:
5516:
5515:
5510:
5504:
5502:
5497:
5495:
5493:
5492:P. voeltzkowi
5488:
5486:
5484:
5479:
5477:
5475:
5470:
5468:
5466:
5461:
5459:
5457:
5452:
5450:
5448:
5443:
5441:
5439:
5438:P. temminckii
5434:
5432:
5430:
5425:
5423:
5421:
5416:
5414:
5412:
5411:P. scapulatus
5407:
5405:
5403:
5398:
5396:
5394:
5389:
5387:
5385:
5380:
5378:
5376:
5371:
5369:
5367:
5362:
5360:
5358:
5353:
5351:
5349:
5344:
5342:
5340:
5335:
5333:
5331:
5326:
5324:
5322:
5321:P. personatus
5317:
5315:
5313:
5312:P. pelewensis
5308:
5306:
5305:
5301:
5299:
5297:
5292:
5290:
5288:
5283:
5281:
5279:
5274:
5272:
5270:
5265:
5263:
5261:
5256:
5254:
5252:
5251:P. molossinus
5247:
5245:
5243:
5238:
5236:
5234:
5229:
5227:
5225:
5220:
5218:
5216:
5211:
5209:
5207:
5202:
5200:
5198:
5193:
5191:
5189:
5184:
5182:
5180:
5175:
5173:
5171:
5166:
5164:
5162:
5157:
5155:
5153:
5148:
5146:
5144:
5139:
5137:
5135:
5130:
5128:
5126:
5121:
5119:
5117:
5112:
5110:
5108:
5103:
5101:
5099:
5094:
5092:
5090:
5085:
5083:
5081:
5076:
5074:
5072:
5071:P. dasymallus
5067:
5065:
5063:
5058:
5056:
5054:
5049:
5047:
5045:
5040:
5038:
5036:
5031:
5029:
5027:
5022:
5020:
5018:
5013:
5011:
5009:
5004:
5002:
5000:
4995:
4993:
4991:
4986:
4984:
4982:
4977:
4975:
4973:
4968:
4966:
4964:
4959:
4958:
4956:
4946:
4945:
4940:
4934:
4932:
4927:
4925:
4923:
4918:
4916:
4914:
4909:
4907:
4905:
4900:
4898:
4896:
4891:
4890:
4888:
4886:
4885:
4880:
4874:
4872:
4867:
4866:
4864:
4862:
4861:
4856:
4850:
4848:
4843:
4842:
4840:
4838:
4837:
4832:
4826:
4824:
4819:
4817:
4815:
4810:
4809:
4807:
4797:
4796:
4791:
4785:
4783:
4778:
4776:
4774:
4769:
4768:
4766:
4764:
4763:
4758:
4752:
4750:
4745:
4743:
4741:
4736:
4734:
4732:
4727:
4725:
4723:
4718:
4716:
4714:
4713:A. celebensis
4709:
4708:
4706:
4704:
4703:
4698:
4694:
4690:
4684:
4680:
4666:
4664:
4659:
4657:
4655:
4650:
4648:
4646:
4641:
4640:
4638:
4628:
4627:
4622:
4616:
4614:
4609:
4607:
4605:
4604:N. macdonaldi
4600:
4599:
4597:
4587:
4586:
4581:
4575:
4573:
4568:
4566:
4564:
4559:
4557:
4555:
4554:M. fardoulisi
4550:
4549:
4547:
4545:
4544:
4539:
4533:
4531:
4526:
4524:
4522:
4517:
4516:
4514:
4504:
4503:
4498:
4494:
4490:
4484:
4480:
4466:
4464:
4463:H. whiteheadi
4459:
4457:
4455:
4454:H. celebensis
4450:
4449:
4447:
4445:
4444:
4439:
4433:
4431:
4426:
4424:
4422:
4421:D. praedatrix
4417:
4415:
4413:
4408:
4406:
4404:
4399:
4397:
4395:
4390:
4388:
4386:
4381:
4379:
4377:
4372:
4370:
4368:
4363:
4361:
4359:
4354:
4352:
4350:
4345:
4343:
4341:
4336:
4334:
4332:
4327:
4325:
4323:
4318:
4317:
4315:
4305:
4304:
4299:
4293:
4291:
4286:
4285:
4283:
4281:
4280:
4275:
4271:
4267:
4261:
4257:
4243:
4242:
4241:T. suhaniahae
4238:
4236:
4234:
4233:T. nigrescens
4229:
4228:
4226:
4224:
4223:
4218:
4212:
4210:
4205:
4204:
4202:
4200:
4199:
4194:
4188:
4186:
4181:
4179:
4177:
4172:
4171:
4169:
4159:
4158:
4153:
4147:
4145:
4140:
4139:
4137:
4135:
4134:
4129:
4123:
4121:
4116:
4115:
4113:
4111:
4110:
4105:
4099:
4097:
4092:
4090:
4088:
4083:
4081:
4079:
4074:
4072:
4070:
4065:
4064:
4062:
4060:
4059:
4054:
4048:
4046:
4041:
4040:
4038:
4036:
4035:
4030:
4024:
4022:
4017:
4016:
4014:
4012:
4011:
4010:Haplonycteris
4006:
4000:
3998:
3993:
3991:
3989:
3984:
3982:
3980:
3975:
3974:
3972:
3962:
3961:
3956:
3950:
3948:
3943:
3941:
3939:
3934:
3932:
3930:
3925:
3923:
3921:
3916:
3914:
3912:
3907:
3905:
3903:
3898:
3896:
3894:
3893:C. brachyotis
3889:
3888:
3886:
3876:
3875:
3870:
3864:
3862:
3857:
3856:
3854:
3852:
3851:
3846:
3840:
3839:
3835:
3833:
3831:
3826:
3825:
3823:
3821:
3820:
3819:Balionycteris
3815:
3809:
3807:
3802:
3801:
3799:
3797:
3796:
3791:
3785:
3783:
3778:
3776:
3774:
3769:
3768:
3766:
3756:
3755:
3750:
3746:
3742:
3736:
3732:
3718:
3716:
3711:
3709:
3707:
3702:
3701:
3699:
3697:
3696:
3695:Paranyctimene
3691:
3685:
3683:
3678:
3676:
3674:
3669:
3667:
3665:
3660:
3658:
3656:
3651:
3649:
3647:
3642:
3640:
3638:
3633:
3631:
3629:
3624:
3622:
3620:
3615:
3613:
3611:
3610:N. draconilla
3606:
3604:
3602:
3597:
3595:
3593:
3588:
3586:
3584:
3583:N. cephalotes
3579:
3577:
3575:
3574:N. albiventer
3570:
3568:
3566:
3561:
3560:
3558:
3548:
3547:
3542:
3538:
3534:
3528:
3524:
3518:
3514:
3512:
3508:
3506:
3502:
3500:
3496:
3494:
3490:
3488:
3484:
3483:
3480:
3476:
3468:
3463:
3461:
3456:
3454:
3449:
3448:
3445:
3438:
3433:
3429:
3426:
3421:
3417:
3416:
3406:
3402:
3398:
3394:
3390:
3386:
3382:
3378:
3374:
3372:
3365:
3364:
3345:
3341:
3334:
3320:
3316:
3309:
3307:
3298:
3294:
3290:
3286:
3282:
3278:
3274:
3270:
3266:
3262:
3255:
3241:
3237:
3231:
3217:
3213:
3206:
3204:
3202:
3187:
3183:
3176:
3174:
3172:
3163:
3159:
3154:
3149:
3145:
3141:
3134:
3132:
3130:
3121:
3117:
3112:
3107:
3103:
3099:
3095:
3091:
3087:
3080:
3072:
3068:
3063:
3058:
3054:
3050:
3046:
3042:
3038:
3031:
3029:
3017:
3010:
3008:
2999:
2995:
2990:
2985:
2981:
2977:
2973:
2969:
2965:
2958:
2951:
2949:
2943:
2939:
2934:
2929:
2925:
2921:
2917:
2910:
2896:
2892:
2885:
2871:
2867:
2860:
2852:
2848:
2843:
2838:
2833:
2828:
2824:
2820:
2816:
2809:
2807:
2798:
2794:
2790:
2786:
2782:
2775:
2767:
2763:
2759:
2755:
2751:
2747:
2743:
2739:
2735:
2728:
2720:
2716:
2711:
2706:
2701:
2696:
2692:
2688:
2684:
2677:
2669:
2665:
2660:
2655:
2650:
2645:
2641:
2637:
2633:
2626:
2624:
2615:
2611:
2606:
2601:
2597:
2593:
2592:
2587:
2585:
2576:
2574:
2559:on 2022-01-05
2558:
2554:
2548:
2533:
2532:
2527:
2520:
2512:
2508:
2504:
2500:
2496:
2492:
2488:
2486:
2477:
2469:
2465:
2460:
2455:
2451:
2447:
2443:
2439:
2435:
2428:
2426:
2417:
2413:
2409:
2405:
2401:
2397:
2393:
2386:
2372:on 2019-12-11
2368:
2364:
2357:
2355:
2346:
2338:
2334:
2330:
2326:
2322:
2318:
2314:
2310:
2306:
2302:
2298:
2291:
2283:
2279:
2275:
2271:
2267:
2263:
2259:
2252:
2243:
2238:
2234:
2230:
2226:
2224:
2215:
2213:
2198:on 2021-08-08
2194:
2190:
2186:
2179:
2177:
2168:
2166:
2164:
2162:
2160:
2158:
2156:
2154:
2152:
2150:
2141:
2137:
2133:
2129:
2125:
2118:
2116:
2107:
2103:
2100:(4): 79–126.
2099:
2095:
2091:
2089:
2080:
2078:
2076:
2074:
2072:
2063:
2059:
2054:
2049:
2045:
2041:
2037:
2033:
2026:
2015:
2014:
2007:
1996:
1995:
1987:
1980:
1968:
1964:
1958:
1950:
1946:
1942:
1938:
1931:
1929:
1927:
1925:
1918:
1914:
1908:
1901:
1893:
1889:
1887:
1878:
1870:
1869:
1864:
1857:
1849:
1845:
1841:
1834:
1826:
1822:
1817:
1812:
1808:
1804:
1800:
1796:
1789:
1781:
1779:9780801882210
1775:
1771:
1767:
1760:
1758:
1749:
1745:
1741:
1735:
1731:
1724:
1716:
1715:
1707:
1705:
1696:
1692:
1687:
1682:
1678:
1674:
1672:
1663:
1661:
1659:
1657:
1655:
1653:
1651:
1649:
1647:
1645:
1643:
1641:
1639:
1637:
1635:
1633:
1631:
1629:
1627:
1625:
1623:
1621:
1619:
1617:
1615:
1613:
1611:
1609:
1600:
1598:9781408189962
1594:
1590:
1583:
1581:
1579:
1577:
1575:
1573:
1571:
1569:
1567:
1565:
1563:
1561:
1559:
1557:
1555:
1553:
1551:
1549:
1532:
1527:
1523:
1519:
1518:
1513:
1511:
1502:
1498:
1490:
1488:
1484:
1480:
1469:
1467:
1463:
1459:
1455:
1446:
1437:
1435:
1431:
1427:
1423:
1419:
1415:
1414:Marburg virus
1411:
1401:
1399:
1395:
1390:
1388:
1384:
1369:
1367:
1361:
1359:
1355:
1354:
1346:
1341:
1332:
1330:
1329:
1325:
1321:
1317:
1316:
1311:
1310:
1306:
1302:
1301:
1296:
1295:
1294:Archaeopsylla
1290:
1289:
1284:
1283:
1278:
1277:
1272:
1268:
1267:
1262:
1261:
1256:
1255:
1250:
1246:
1242:
1241:lanner falcon
1238:
1234:
1230:
1220:
1218:
1212:
1209:
1205:
1200:
1196:
1192:
1182:
1173:
1171:
1167:
1163:
1158:
1155:
1149:
1147:
1143:
1139:
1135:
1131:
1117:
1110:
1105:
1096:
1093:
1089:
1085:
1081:
1077:
1073:
1069:
1059:
1058:are located.
1057:
1053:
1047:
1045:
1039:
1026:
1022:
1012:
1007:
992:
990:
987:
984:
982:
979:
978:
974:
972:
969:
966:
964:
961:
960:
956:
954:
951:
949:
945:
944:John Anderson
942:
940:
937:
936:
932:
930:
927:
925:
922:
920:
917:
916:
912:
910:
907:
905:
902:
900:
899:R. a. leachii
897:
896:
892:
890:
887:
885:
882:
880:
877:
876:
872:
869:
867:
864:
861:
860:
855:
853:
843:
841:
837:
833:
829:
828:R. obliviosus
825:
821:
817:
812:
810:
806:
805:
800:
799:
794:
790:
786:
782:
778:
774:
769:
765:
761:
760:
755:
751:
747:
743:
739:
734:
732:
728:
724:
723:first reviser
720:
719:Knud Andersen
716:
712:
708:
704:
700:
696:
692:
688:
678:
674:
670:
669:
661:
660:
652:
651:
643:
642:
634:
633:
625:
624:
616:
615:
607:
606:
603:
602:
601:
600:R. obliviosus
594:
593:
590:
589:
586:
585:
584:
577:
576:
570:
569:
566:
565:
562:
561:
560:
553:
552:
546:
545:
542:
541:
538:
537:
536:
529:
528:
522:
521:
518:
517:
514:
513:
512:
511:R. spinalatus
505:
504:
498:
497:
494:
493:
485:
484:
481:
480:
479:
472:
471:
465:
464:
458:
457:
454:
453:
450:
445:
444:
438:
437:
433:
432:
424:
422:
418:
413:
409:
405:
400:
398:
394:
390:
386:
385:
380:
376:
375:
370:
366:
351:
348:
343:
340:
335:
332:
327:
324:
319:
316:
311:
308:
305:(Smith, 1892)
303:
300:
295:
292:
287:
284:
279:
276:
271:
268:
263:
260:
255:
252:
247:
244:
239:
236:
235:
225:
222:
218:
213:
209:
204:
199:
193:
191:
185:
182:
181:Binomial name
178:
174:
173:
168:
165:
164:
161:
160:
156:
153:
152:
149:
146:
143:
142:
139:
136:
133:
132:
129:
126:
123:
122:
119:
116:
113:
112:
109:
106:
103:
102:
99:
96:
93:
92:
87:
82:
78:
72:
67:
66:Least Concern
56:
52:
47:
43:
38:
33:
30:
19:
6684:Bats of Asia
6590:
6300:
6261:
6249:
6237:
6228:
6219:
6209:Casinycteris
6207:
6183:P. anchietae
6182:
6170:
6145:
6136:
6127:
6107:
6096:M. woermanni
6095:
6086:
6074:
6062:
6050:
6042:Myonycterini
6025:
6015:Nanonycteris
6013:
6001:
5992:
5972:
5960:
5950:Hypsignathus
5948:
5937:E. franqueti
5936:
5927:
5918:
5898:
5887:E. wahlbergi
5886:
5877:
5868:
5859:
5850:
5842:E. gambianus
5841:
5833:E. crypturus
5832:
5823:
5814:
5794:
5786:Epomophorini
5747:
5738:
5729:
5720:
5711:
5702:
5693:
5684:
5682:
5675:
5666:
5657:
5648:
5639:
5621:
5609:
5600:
5591:
5571:
5533:
5524:
5514:Styloctenium
5512:
5501:P. woodfordi
5500:
5491:
5482:
5473:
5464:
5455:
5446:
5437:
5429:P. speciosus
5428:
5419:
5410:
5402:P. samoensis
5401:
5392:
5383:
5374:
5365:
5356:
5348:P. pselaphon
5347:
5338:
5329:
5320:
5311:
5304:P. pelagicus
5302:
5295:
5286:
5277:
5268:
5259:
5250:
5242:P. melanotus
5241:
5232:
5223:
5215:P. mariannus
5214:
5206:P. mahaganus
5205:
5196:
5187:
5178:
5169:
5160:
5151:
5142:
5133:
5124:
5115:
5106:
5097:
5088:
5079:
5070:
5061:
5052:
5043:
5034:
5025:
5016:
5007:
4999:P. anetianus
4998:
4990:P. allenorum
4989:
4980:
4971:
4962:
4942:
4930:
4921:
4913:P. flanneryi
4912:
4903:
4894:
4882:
4870:
4858:
4847:M. acrodonta
4846:
4834:
4822:
4814:E. dupreanum
4813:
4793:
4781:
4772:
4760:
4748:
4739:
4730:
4721:
4712:
4700:
4689:Pteropodinae
4662:
4654:S. carolinae
4653:
4645:S. australis
4644:
4626:Syconycteris
4624:
4612:
4603:
4583:
4572:M. woodfordi
4571:
4562:
4553:
4543:Melonycteris
4541:
4529:
4520:
4502:Macroglossus
4500:
4462:
4453:
4441:
4429:
4420:
4411:
4402:
4393:
4384:
4375:
4366:
4357:
4349:D. crenulata
4348:
4339:
4331:D. beauforti
4330:
4322:D. anderseni
4321:
4301:
4289:
4277:
4239:
4232:
4220:
4209:S. blanfordi
4208:
4196:
4184:
4175:
4155:
4143:
4131:
4119:
4107:
4095:
4086:
4077:
4069:M. ecaudatus
4068:
4056:
4045:L. salimalii
4044:
4032:
4020:
4008:
3997:D. spadiceus
3996:
3987:
3978:
3958:
3946:
3937:
3928:
3919:
3910:
3901:
3892:
3872:
3860:
3848:
3836:
3829:
3817:
3805:
3795:Alionycteris
3793:
3781:
3772:
3752:
3741:Cynopterinae
3714:
3705:
3693:
3682:N. vizcaccia
3681:
3673:N. robinsoni
3672:
3663:
3654:
3645:
3636:
3627:
3618:
3609:
3600:
3591:
3582:
3573:
3564:
3544:
3533:Nyctimeninae
3509:Superorder:
3503:Infraclass:
3475:Pteropodidae
3396:
3392:
3380:
3376:
3370:
3347:. Retrieved
3343:
3333:
3322:. Retrieved
3318:
3264:
3260:
3254:
3243:. Retrieved
3240:ScienceDaily
3239:
3230:
3219:. Retrieved
3215:
3189:. Retrieved
3185:
3143:
3096:(1): 17–21.
3093:
3089:
3079:
3044:
3040:
2974:(1): 18–25.
2971:
2967:
2957:
2947:
2945:
2926:(1): 16–28.
2923:
2919:
2909:
2898:. Retrieved
2894:
2884:
2873:. Retrieved
2869:
2859:
2822:
2819:PLOS Biology
2818:
2788:
2784:
2780:
2774:
2741:
2737:
2727:
2690:
2687:PLOS Biology
2686:
2676:
2639:
2636:PLOS Biology
2635:
2595:
2589:
2583:
2561:. Retrieved
2557:the original
2547:
2535:. Retrieved
2529:
2519:
2494:
2490:
2484:
2476:
2441:
2437:
2399:
2395:
2385:
2374:. Retrieved
2367:the original
2362:
2353:
2345:
2304:
2300:
2296:
2290:
2265:
2261:
2257:
2251:
2232:
2228:
2222:
2200:. Retrieved
2193:the original
2188:
2184:
2175:
2131:
2127:
2123:
2097:
2093:
2087:
2035:
2031:
2025:
2012:
2006:
1993:
1986:
1978:
1971:. Retrieved
1966:
1957:
1948:
1944:
1940:
1936:
1906:
1900:
1891:
1885:
1877:
1867:
1856:
1850:. Paris: 96.
1847:
1843:
1833:
1798:
1794:
1788:
1769:
1729:
1723:
1713:
1679:(611): 1–9.
1676:
1670:
1588:
1535:. Retrieved
1521:
1515:
1509:
1501:
1475:
1451:
1440:In captivity
1430:seropositive
1410:surveillance
1407:
1391:
1380:
1362:
1358:echolocation
1351:
1349:
1335:Vocalization
1326:
1313:
1307:
1300:Thaumapsylla
1298:
1292:
1286:
1282:Nycteribosca
1280:
1276:Eucampsipoda
1274:
1264:
1258:
1252:
1226:
1213:
1199:nuptial gift
1187:
1159:
1150:
1127:
1092:Kastellorizo
1065:
1048:
1040:
1017:
980:
962:
938:
918:
904:Andrew Smith
898:
878:
851:
849:
831:
827:
823:
815:
813:
808:
802:
796:
792:
784:
780:
776:
772:
767:
763:
762:review used
757:
753:
745:
741:
735:
730:
726:
715:E. ægyptiaca
714:
710:
706:
698:
694:
684:
676:
672:
598:
597:
581:
580:
558:
557:
556:
533:
532:
509:
508:
476:
475:
448:
408:echolocation
403:
401:
382:
373:
372:
368:
364:
362:
349:
341:
333:
325:
317:
309:
301:
297:(Gray, 1870)
293:
289:(Gray, 1870)
285:
281:(Gray, 1870)
277:
269:
261:
253:
245:
237:
189:
187:
171:
170:
158:
148:Pteropodidae
29:
6470:iNaturalist
6325:Wikispecies
6238:C. ophiodon
6220:C. argynnis
6146:M. torquata
6109:Myonycteris
6002:M. pusillus
5860:E. labiatus
5796:Epomophorus
5560:Rousettinae
5534:S. wallacei
5474:P. vampyrus
5447:P. tonganus
5375:P. rennelli
5287:P. ocularis
5197:P. macrotis
5152:P. keyensis
5125:P. howensis
5098:P. fundatus
5089:P. faunulus
5044:P. cognatus
5017:P. caniceps
5008:P. aruensis
4762:Desmalopex
4749:A. mackloti
4740:A. leucotis
4563:M. melanops
4530:M. sobrinus
4340:D. chapmani
4290:A. bulmerae
4157:Ptenochirus
4109:Otopteropus
4096:M. wetmorei
4087:M. niphanae
4078:M. kusnotoi
4021:H. fischeri
3988:D. rickarti
3960:Dyacopterus
3830:B. maculata
3773:A. aequalis
3601:N. cyclotis
3144:Nature News
2090:Gray, 1821"
2053:11336/12847
1888:, E. Geoff"
1816:11336/12847
1537:19 November
1483:place cells
1466:Southern US
1426:Ebola virus
1266:Ancystropus
1162:pollinators
1130:frugivorous
1068:Middle East
1000:Description
953:Aden, Yemen
889:Giza, Egypt
862:Subspecies
840:Pleistocene
809:aegyptiacus
801:(2005) and
793:aegyptiacus
781:aegyptiacus
773:aegyptiacus
768:aegyptiacus
756:. The 1999
711:E. unicolor
707:Eleutherura
393:Pleistocene
6663:Categories
6606:Q109647449
6262:S. zenkeri
6137:M. relicta
6087:M. azagnyi
5928:E. dobsoni
5869:E. minimus
5851:E. grandis
5824:E. anselli
5772:Subfamily
5739:R. lanosus
5610:E. robusta
5601:E. spelaea
5573:Eonycteris
5558:Subfamily
5483:P. vetulus
5465:P. ualanus
5366:P. rayneri
5357:P. pumilus
5296:P. ornatus
5116:P. griseus
5080:P. ennisae
4922:P. pulchra
4884:Pteralopex
4731:A. jubatus
4722:A. humilis
4687:Subfamily
4585:Notopteris
4521:M. minimus
4487:Subfamily
4430:D. viridis
4412:D. peronii
4376:D. inermis
4367:D. exoleta
4264:Subfamily
4222:Thoopterus
3979:D. brooksi
3920:C. minutus
3874:Cynopterus
3739:Subfamily
3655:N. minutus
3646:N. masalai
3592:N. certans
3531:Subfamily
3517:Chiroptera
3349:2019-12-24
3324:2019-12-24
3245:2019-12-27
3221:2019-12-24
3191:2019-12-24
2900:2019-12-11
2875:2019-12-11
2563:2022-01-05
2537:6 December
2376:2019-12-11
2202:2019-12-11
2094:Beaufortia
1973:13 January
1951:: 245–256.
1493:References
1479:electrodes
1387:fumigating
1322:, and the
1288:Nycteribia
1260:Liponyssus
1146:wild dates
1090:island of
846:Subspecies
785:egyptiacus
777:ægyptiacus
764:egyptiacus
754:egyptiacus
746:ægyptiacus
742:egyptiacus
738:J. E. Hill
731:egyptiacus
699:ægyptiacus
417:pollinator
397:subspecies
138:Chiroptera
6674:Rousettus
6162:Plerotini
5730:Subgenus
5660:Rousettus
5658:Subgenus
5649:R. bidens
5640:Subgenus
5623:Rousettus
5330:P. pohlei
5224:P. medius
4981:P. alecto
4904:P. atrata
4895:P. anceps
4871:N. frosti
4860:Neopteryx
4823:E. helvum
4663:S. hobbit
4358:D. emersa
4279:Aproteles
4198:Sphaerias
4176:P. jagori
4144:P. lucasi
4133:Penthetor
4058:Megaerops
3938:C. sphinx
3782:A. alecto
3754:Aethalops
3706:P. raptor
3664:N. rabori
3619:N. keasti
3546:Nyctimene
3485:Kingdom:
3391:(2005). "
3373:E. Geoff"
3162:186170563
2968:Ecohealth
2785:Behaviour
2301:Oecologia
2106:0067-4745
2088:Rousettus
2038:: 73–90.
1967:ICZN Code
1911:Cited in
1801:: 73–90.
1748:794056010
1353:Rousettus
1324:roundworm
1217:predation
1208:altricial
1204:gestation
1111:, England
1044:cartilage
866:Authority
838:or early
832:Rousettus
816:Rousettus
750:ICZN Code
687:described
677:Rousettus
412:frugivore
404:Rousettus
391:or early
384:Rousettus
166:Species:
159:Rousettus
104:Kingdom:
98:Eukaryota
6600:Wikidata
6540:13800397
6488:10229229
6310:Wikidata
6172:Plerotes
5878:E. minor
5592:E. major
5393:P. rufus
5269:P. niger
5188:P. lylei
4944:Pteropus
4836:Mirimiri
4702:Acerodon
4385:D. minor
4303:Dobsonia
4185:P. minor
4034:Latidens
3850:Chironax
3715:P. tenax
3628:N. major
3565:N. aello
3505:Eutheria
3499:Mammalia
3493:Chordata
3491:Phylum:
3487:Animalia
3297:21953971
3289:23599496
3216:phys.org
3120:12533276
2998:26268210
2942:30085179
2851:29088225
2719:29244805
2668:29244805
2614:15557022
2511:80913139
2468:31130455
2337:21153090
2329:28307055
2282:92438382
2262:Mammalia
2062:89415407
1825:89415407
1377:As pests
1366:dialects
1072:Pakistan
1021:scrotums
836:Pliocene
721:was the
389:Pliocene
221:Synonyms
198:Geoffroy
144:Family:
128:Mammalia
118:Chordata
114:Phylum:
108:Animalia
94:Domain:
71:IUCN 3.1
6633:9096397
6527:1004539
6462:2432953
6316:Q754983
5900:Epomops
5062:P. coxi
4931:P. taki
4795:Eidolon
3515:Order:
3497:Class:
3269:Bibcode
3261:Science
3111:2873759
3071:8903179
3062:2626887
2989:7088038
2842:5663327
2766:1113042
2758:1379620
2710:5774845
2659:5774845
2446:Bibcode
2416:1381058
2309:Bibcode
1695:3504411
1398:lindane
1320:malaria
1237:falcons
1052:choroid
1034:2.1.3.3
1031:2.1.3.2
379:megabat
200:, 1810)
154:Genus:
134:Order:
124:Class:
69: (
6646:946602
6579:813034
6501:632267
6436:305381
6423:314959
6410:ROUSAE
6353:ARKive
5642:Boneia
3389:Taylor
3295:
3287:
3160:
3118:
3108:
3069:
3059:
2996:
2986:
2940:
2849:
2839:
2764:
2756:
2717:
2707:
2666:
2656:
2612:
2509:
2466:
2414:
2335:
2327:
2280:
2104:
2060:
1969:. 2000
1823:
1776:
1746:
1736:
1693:
1595:
1383:Israel
1345:Israel
1285:, and
1235:, and
1170:baobab
1144:, and
1138:loquat
1084:Turkey
1080:Cyprus
6620:4Q2XX
6566:81414
6514:29730
6483:IRMNG
6475:75042
6418:EUNIS
6384:4THCH
6371:24397
3293:S2CID
3158:S2CID
3019:(PDF)
2754:JSTOR
2507:S2CID
2412:JSTOR
2370:(PDF)
2359:(PDF)
2333:S2CID
2278:S2CID
2196:(PDF)
2181:(PDF)
2058:S2CID
2017:(PDF)
1998:(PDF)
1821:S2CID
1691:JSTOR
1418:guano
1273:like
1271:flies
1251:like
1249:mites
1245:genet
1229:hawks
1088:Greek
993:1993
975:1993
957:1902
933:1870
929:Gabon
913:1829
893:1810
873:Year
6641:ITIS
6628:GBIF
6553:9407
6548:NCBI
6509:IUCN
6496:ITIS
6457:GBIF
6405:EPPO
6366:BOLD
3285:PMID
3116:PMID
3067:PMID
2994:PMID
2938:PMID
2847:PMID
2762:PMID
2715:PMID
2664:PMID
2610:PMID
2539:2021
2464:PMID
2325:PMID
2102:ISSN
1975:2020
1915:and
1774:ISBN
1744:OCLC
1734:ISBN
1593:ISBN
1539:2021
1522:2016
1454:zoos
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