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years for rape, sexual activity with a girl under 16, trafficking for sexual exploitation and conspiracy to engage in sexual activity with children. Kabeer Hassan was sentenced to nine years for rape and conspiracy to engage in sexual activity with children. Abdul Aziz received a similar sentence: nine years (concurrently) for trafficking for sexual exploitation and conspiracy to engage in sexual activity with children. Abdul Rauf was sentenced to six years for trafficking for sexual exploitation and conspiracy to engage in sexual activity with children. Adil Khan was sentenced to eight years for the same offences. Mohammed Amin received a five-year sentence for sexual assault and conspiracy to engage in sexual activity with children. Another five-year sentence was given to Abdul Qayyum for conspiracy to engage in sexual activity with children, while Hamid Safi received four years for trafficking for sexual exploitation and conspiracy to engage in sexual activity with children.
579:"examined the conduct and actions of 13 officers who were involved in Operation Span and the policing of Rochdale Division." Operation Span was the investigation launched in December 2009 into allegations made against the individuals who were convicted in 2012, and others. Assistant Chief Constable Dawn Copley said that, at the time of the earlier investigation, "there was a strong target driven focus, predominantly on serious acquisitive crime. At best this was distracting for leaders and influenced the areas that resources were focused on". She said that seven officers had been served with misconduct notices, but no further disciplinary action would be taken against them. Copley said: "We apologise to the victims and we give them our assurance that lessons have been learned, changes have been made and we are determined to use this to continue making improvements."
102:. Of the three not convicted, one was cleared of all charges, the jury was unable to reach a verdict in the case of the second, and the third was not present at the trial after fleeing to Pakistan whilst on bail. Most of the men were married and well-respected within their community. One gang member convicted of sex trafficking was a religious studies teacher at a mosque and a married father of five. The men were aged 24–59 and all knew each other. Two worked for the same taxi firm and another two worked at a takeaway restaurant; some came from the same village in Pakistan and another two men shared a flat. The gang worked to secure underage girls to rape and exploit.
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in child exploitation and no strategy when victims returned to their abusers. One example mentioned was the issue of child protection for one of the victims, which was discussed in 40 meetings, without any record of police attendance. Also cited were a lack of managerial oversight in 2008 and 2009 and lack of resources and managerial support for the investigations despite formal requests. Finally, officers did not challenge a Crown
Prosecution Service decision not to prosecute. The review recommended the Greater Manchester Police establish a monitoring system and commit to maintaining a child sexual exploitation team.
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period. However, in relation to the 96 men the report also said some would be duplicates "as some of the individuals we have identified are recorded by one name or a nickname". The successful prosecutions that arose from these cases involved only 13 of the 74 children. The report said that while "Operation Span was presented as having resolved the matter of CSE in
Rochdale", "Operation Span had only scraped the surface of the problem and that many men who had serially abused children had not been apprehended, including the organised crime gang first drawn to their attention in 2007".
173:. The abusers paid small sums of money for the encounters. One 13-year-old victim recounted that, after being forced to have sex in exchange for vodka, her abuser immediately raped her again and gave her £40 to not say anything about the incident. Among the incidents recorded by the police were a 15-year-old victim too drunk to recall being raped by 20 men, one after the other; and another victim so drunk that she vomited over the side of the bed as she was being raped by two men. One 13-year-old victim had an abortion after becoming pregnant.
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networks of men come from different backgrounds: in the North and
Midlands many have been British Asians; in Devon it was white men; in Bath and Bristol, Afro-Caribbeans; in London, all ethnic mixes, whites, Iraqis, Kurds, Afghans, Somalis". She noted that white male predators on the street tend to work alone. She added: "The danger with saying that the problem is with one ethnicity is that then people will only be on the lookout for that group – and will risk missing other threats."
461:, said "You can only start solving a problem if you acknowledge it first," and added, "This small minority who see women as second class citizens, and white women probably as third class citizens, are to be spoken out against." She described the Rochdale case as "even more disgusting" than cases of girls being passed around street gangs, as the perpetrators "were grown men, some of them religious teachers or running businesses, with young families of their own."
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exploitation of children in
Rochdale from 2004 onwards", but these child sexual exploitation cases were not properly investigated despite warnings by whistle-blowers to the Greater Manchester Police and Rochdale Council. Child sex abuse cases were also not considered a priority by the Greater Manchester Police, their investigations were under-resourced, and children were "left at the mercy" of their abusers.
449:, accused elders of the Pakistani community of "burying their heads in the sand" on the matter of sexual grooming. He said that of convictions involving child sexual exploitation, 87% were of British Pakistani men and it was a significant problem for that community. He said the actions of criminals who thought "white teenage girls are worthless and can be abused" were "bringing shame on our community."
507:. In particular they pointed out that the inquiry by the Office of the Children's Commissioner found that, while all of the victims in the Rochdale case were white, and eight out of nine of the perpetrators were men of South Asian descent, there were many other sexual violence cases in Britain where "perpetrators and their victims were ethnically diverse."
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the borough and were not in the care of
Rochdale Borough Council. Four men, including two from Oldham, were jailed in August 2015. The trial heard that the men gave the victims alcohol and drugs before abusing them. The operation was run by the Sunrise Team, a multi-agency team that includes police, council and NHS staff in Rochdale.
405:
but the findings were considered inconclusive by expert academics because not all the figures had been compiled in the same way and ethnicity had not always been noted with each reported crime. Ella
Cockbain and Helen Brayley pointed out, "There is no criminal offence of 'on-street grooming' and as a
312:, said that while there was no evidence that ethnic communities condoned child sexual abuse, he was concerned that some had been slow to report it to the police, and urged police and social workers not to allow "political correctness around ethnicity" to hinder their work to apprehend such criminals.
281:
In 2015, a further police operation, Lytton, was launched. This investigation was borne out of
Operation Doublet and initially related to two victims who reported being abused between 2002 and 2006. In March 2023, eight men were charged with a total of 82 offences. In May 2023, a further ten men were
81:
A 2024 report on child sex exploitation in
Rochdale from 2004 to 2013 found that there was "compelling evidence" of widespread abuse, and that Greater Manchester Police and Rochdale Council had failed to properly investigate these cases, leaving girls "at the mercy of their abusers". While there were
553:
about child sex abuse cases in
Greater Manchester was aired in 2017. The third part of the review, which focuses on Rochdale was released on 15 January 2024. It examined 111 cases that took place in Rochdale from 2004 to 2013. It found "compelling evidence that there was widespread organised sexual
427:
programme: "For this particular type of crime, the street grooming of teenage girls in northern towns … there is very troubling evidence that Asians are overwhelmingly represented in the prosecutions for such offences." Narey rejected the idea that such gangs were specifically targeting white girls,
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and sexual abuse in the region. Assistant Chief
Constable Steve Heywood said that about 550 officers were working on Operation Doublet in May 2013. He said the investigation was at "an extremely sensitive stage" and street grooming was the force's top priority, "a bigger priority than gun crime". He
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In December 2013, the case review by Rochdale Council was leaked, which highlighted findings from an internal police investigation. The review acknowledged that police officers might have discriminatory attitudes towards the victims, that the victims were interviewed by detectives without training
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Following the break up of the first sex ring in May 2012, the police made arrests in relation to another child sexual exploitation ring in Rochdale. Nine men between 24 and 38 years old were arrested on suspicion of sexual activity with a child. Operation Doublet was launched at the same time as an
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Victims were physically assaulted and raped by as many as five men at a time, or obliged to have sex with "several men in a day, several times a week". The victims, plied with drugs and alcohol, were passed around friends and family, and taken to various locations in the north of England, including
148:
The oldest person to be convicted, Shabir Ahmed, was for a while the main trafficker of the victims. On one occasion he ordered a girl aged 15 to have sex with Kabeer Hassan, as a "treat" for his birthday – Hassan then raped the girl. Abdul Aziz, a married father of three, took over
144:
The victims, vulnerable teenagers from deprived, dysfunctional backgrounds, were targeted in "honeypot locations" where young people congregated, such as takeaway food shops. One victim, a 15-year-old known as the Honey Monster, acted as a recruiter, procuring girls as young as 13 for the gang. The
272:
Operation Infrared was a joint operation between Greater Manchester Police (GMP) and Rochdale Borough Council that began in 2014. It focussed on three children who were repeatedly going missing from independent care homes in Rochdale. The children had been placed in Rochdale by councils outside of
62:
There have been several reviews and reports written about the Rochdale child sexual abuses cases, including a Home Affairs Select Committee (HASC) report that was published in 2013. The events have also been widely covered in the media and portrayed in a BBC television drama, Three Girls, in 2017.
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The case raised a serious debate about whether the crimes were racially motivated. Suggestions emerged that police and social work departments failed to act when details of the gang emerged for fear of appearing racist, and vulnerable white teenagers being groomed by Pakistani men were ignored. A
185:
The trial concluded in May 2012 with the nine convictions. Shabir Ahmed received the longest sentence, 19 years for rape, aiding and abetting a rape, sexual assault, trafficking for sexual exploitation and conspiracy to engage in sexual activity with children. Mohammed Sajid was sentenced to 12
561:
In March 2024 Greater Manchester Police released information that confirmed further details of the 96 men. Following a post-publication review of information, police found that 43 had been subject to police action, 37 were referred to only as nicknames and not identifiable, 15 were likely to be
409:
Wendy Shepherd, child sexual exploitation project manager for Barnardo's in the north of England, said that since she started working with the organisation, there has been "a shift from the men selling children in ones or twos to something that is much more organised in groups and networks. The
249:
In March 2015, ten men aged between 26 and 45 were charged with serious sex offences against seven females aged between 13 and 23 at the time. The alleged offences that took place in Rochdale between 2005 and 2013 included rape, conspiracy to rape, inciting a child to engage in sexual activity,
557:
The report identified 74 children who were sexually exploited, and for 48 of them there were "serious failures to protect the child". It also identified 96 men still considered a potential risk to children, and that they represented “only a proportion of the individuals engaged in CSE" in this
181:
Some gang members told the court the girls were willing participants and happy having sex with the men. The ringleader, 59-year-old Shabir Ahmed, claimed the girls were "prostitutes" who had been running a "business empire" and it was all "white lies". He shouted in court, "Where are the white
374:
Hilary Willmer, representing a Leeds-based support group for parents of sexually exploited girls, the Coalition for the Removal of Pimping (Crop), was quoted as saying "The vast majority perpetrators are Pakistani Asians", with sources inside Crop claiming a percentage as high as 80 per cent
225:
Operation Routh began in 2011 and related to a single victim discovered during Operation Span. In October 2013 five men were convicted. In December 2013 five men were jailed for a total of 26 years for offences against the 15-year-old victim. In June 2014 a further six men were convicted. The
216:
In 2013 the Home Affairs Select Committee of the UK Parliament published a report into the Rochdale cases. The report found that responsibility for the failures to protect children was shared among police, social workers and Crown Prosecution Service (CPS) prosecutors and that the issue was a
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launched a five-month long investigation into whether there was a link between racial profile and the crime of underage grooming. The organisation defined underage grooming as any situation where a child or young person received a gift in exchange for sexual favours. It drew statistics from
479:
Hindu and Sikh groups have objected to media use of the "Asian" description saying that the culprits were "almost always of Pakistani origin" and "Muslim". They contend that clouding the issue by calling them "Asians" is unfair towards other groups and detrimental to a frank discussion.
366:; "Nor do they acknowledge the small sample size of the original research, which focused on just two large cases." Cockbain and Brayley expressed concern that "findings were being overextended from a small, geographically concentrated sample to characterise an entire crime type".
285:
On 17 August 2023 five of the eight men who were charged in March 2023 were convicted of historical child sexual offences following a trial at Manchester Minshull Street Crown Court. On 31 October 2023 the five men were jailed for sentences that ranged between eight and 17 years.
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As a result of the CPS dropping the case, the police halted their investigation, which was resumed when a second girl made complaints of a similar nature in December 2009. The CPS's original decision was overturned in 2011 when a new chief prosecutor for the region,
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488:
Two of the convicted gang members worked at Eagle Taxis, which was taken over by Car 2000 after the scandal. The company's owner said that due to requests, clients could choose to have a white driver but this was reversed after 50 Asian drivers protested.
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said that "Kurdish, Romanian and Albanian gangs were also involved". Willmer added: "We think this is the tip of the iceberg", although she cautioned against treating the matter as a race crime: "It's a criminal thing." By May 2012, according to
253:
In April 2016, nine of the men were sentenced to up to 25 years in jail for a series of sexual offences against teenage girls in Rochdale. One, Choudhry Hussain, fled the country to avoid being jailed. In September 2016 another four are jailed.
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article alleged: "with the exception of one town there is scant evidence of work being undertaken in British Pakistani communities to confront the problem" of "pimping gangs" largely consisting of "members of the British Pakistani community".
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and Midlands. Of the 56 offenders convicted since 1997 for crimes relating to on-street grooming of girls aged 11 to 16, three were white, 53 were Asian of which 50 were Muslim, and most were from the British Pakistani community. Furthermore,
74:, the sexual health worker who first recognised patterns of child abuse in the community and fought to bring these crimes to police attention, was made redundant in 2014. A former detective constable who was investigating the grooming gangs,
2121:
133:, to alert police and authorities to "patterns of sexual abuse" were ignored. Between 2003 and 2014, Rowbotham made more than 100 attempts to alert police and social services but was told the witnesses were not reliable.
46:
and other operations to investigate further claims of abuse. As of January 2024 a total of 42 men had been convicted resulting in jail sentences totalling 432 years. Forty-seven girls were identified as victims of
384:, Crop had "gone suddenly silent" concerning the percentage of abusers of Asian origin who had come to the organisation's attention: Willmer explained to the paper: "We've been accused of being a cover for the
436:
In a BBC documentary investigating grooming young girls for sex by some Pakistani men, Imam Irfan Chishti from the Rochdale Council of Mosques deplored the practice, saying it was "very shocking to see fellow
574:
On 13 March 2015, Greater Manchester Police apologised for its failure to investigate child sexual exploitation allegations more thoroughly between 2008 and 2010. The apology was made after a review by the
257:
In September 2016 four men were jailed for over 37 years for a range of serious sexual offences as part of Operation Doublet. They were convicted after a trial at Manchester's Minshull Street Crown Court.
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182:
people? You have only got my kind here." Shabir Ahmed's threatening behaviour and calling Judge Gerald Clifton a "racist bastard" resulted in him being banned from the court for the sentencing hearing.
2521:
1727:
1642:
1991:
1482:"GMP CSE Major Investigation Team charges further 10 men in connection with Operation Lytton – ongoing investigation in to non-recent child sexual exploitation | Greater Manchester Police"
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began a two-year long inquiry into child sexual exploitation by street gangs. The inquiry issued its final report in November 2013. After members of the Rochdale gang were sentenced, the UK's
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result it is very difficult to measure the extent of the crime based on court statistics." Further research has been pursued since late 2011 by the Office of the Children's Commissioner.
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decided to bring the case to trial, said that sex, not race, was the key issue: "There is no community where women and girls are not vulnerable to sexual attack and that's a fact."
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and other offences including: rape, trafficking girls for sex and conspiracy to engage in sexual activity with a child. On 8 May 2012 nine men were convicted of whom eight were of
759:
428:
but suggested vulnerable girls on the street were more likely to be white since Asian girls were subjected to strict parenting and were more likely to be kept off the streets.
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2347:
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55:, which led to discussion on whether the failure to investigate them was linked to the authorities' fear of being accused of racial prejudice. The girls were mainly
2633:
1394:
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1650:
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529:, the sexual health aid worker who first uncovered the patterns of severe abuse in the area, but struggled to bring it to the attention of authorities. Actress
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82:
successful prosecutions, the report said that the investigations only "scraped the surface" of what had happened, and that many abusers had gone unpunished.
1735:
2513:
1999:
1449:
2189:
633:
582:
Seven officers were served notice of misconduct, the only one who was found to have warranted disciplinary action retired before it could be brought.
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One study suggested that the British media's portrayal of South Asian men as perpetrators of sexual violence against white victims is an example of a
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2316:
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victims were coerced and bribed into keeping quiet about the abuse by a combination of alcohol and drugs, food, small sums of money and other gifts.
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38:
and other offences including rape, trafficking girls for sex and conspiracy to engage in sexual activity with a child in May 2012. This resulted in
3340:
3195:
1250:
596:
1728:"'If only someone had listened': Office of the Children's Commissioner's Inquiry into Child Sexual Exploitation in Gangs and Groups: final report"
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397:
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1349:
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announced new funding for a specialist foster care scheme to protect vulnerable children in residential care, where some victims had been.
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2415:
1376:
1142:
591:
498:
3410:
3300:
3290:
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2643:
763:
2077:
78:, resigned in 2012 in disgust of the handling of the cases by the police force and spoke out as a whistleblower to inform the public.
3269:
3220:
2420:
2190:"Details on '96 individuals' said to 'potentially pose risk to children' revealed - including 'The Dangerous Man'date=13 March 2024"
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2339:
1010:
576:
3159:
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Four of the convicted, Shabir Ahmed, Adil Khan, Abdul Rauf and Abdul Aziz, who had dual British and Pakistani citizenships, were
1964:
817:
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2168:
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316:
2232:
2095:
3174:
2600:
1297:
2208:
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report by the deputy children's commissioner in 2012 said that 33% of child sex abuse by gangs in Britain was committed by
264:
In January 2020 Choudhry Hussain is jailed after being brought back to the UK from Pakistan. He was sentenced to 19 years.
70:
apologised for its failure to investigate the child sexual exploitation allegations more thoroughly between 2008 and 2010.
360:
report had drawn much of its evidence. "The citations are correct but they have been taken out of context," Cockbain told
3164:
2281:
The Rochdale Borough Safeguarding Children Board, Review of Multi-Agency Responses to the Sexual Exploitation of Children
2122:"Response to 'The review into Operation Span and the investigation of non-recent child sexual exploitation in Rochdale'"
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3089:
1760:
1468:"Eight men have been charged with a total of 82 offences as part of Operation Lytton | Greater Manchester Police"
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2450:
672:
601:
3350:
2983:
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2169:"Part 3: The review into Operation Span and the investigation of non-recent child sexual exploitation in Rochdale"
3215:
3129:
3124:
2595:
2390:
2283:
1587:"Rochdale grooming trial: Police accused of failing to investigate paedophile gang for fear of appearing racist"
3360:
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Child sexual exploitation and the response to localized grooming: Second Report of Session 2013–14, Vol. 2
2295:
Child sexual exploitation and the response to localized grooming: Second Report of Session 2013–14, Vol. 1
1234:"House of Commons Home Affairs Committee Child sexual exploitation and the response to localised grooming"
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The findings have been questioned by researchers Ella Cockbain and Helen Brayley, from whose work for the
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2400:
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302:, where Asians are 7% of the population, but concluded that it was "irresponsible" to dwell on the data.
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2793:
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2380:
2370:
1726:
Berelowitz, Sue; Clifton, Jenny; Firimin, Carlene; Gulyurtlu, Sandra; Edwards, Gareth (November 2013).
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from Shabir Ahmed as the main trafficker and was paid by various men to supply underage girls for sex.
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2730:
2725:
2579:
468:
123:
67:
39:
2526:
1063:"Nazir Afzal: 'We tackled grooming gangs. Now we have to confront forced marriage among Travellers'"
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3295:
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517:
354:
320:
309:
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2690:
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2477:
1557:
857:"Police left children 'at mercy' of paedophile grooming gangs in Rochdale for years, report says"
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An independent review of child sex exploitation was commissioned by the Greater Manchester mayor
3139:
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2501:
2437:
385:
908:"Senior judge slams lawyers for obstructing Rochdale child sex grooming gang deportation case"
3345:
2750:
2590:
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2455:
2052:"Child grooming and sexual exploitation: are South Asian men the UK media's new folk devils?"
2145:
2021:
1874:
1523:
1496:
1323:
1167:
1143:"Rochdale Child Sex Ring: 'Master', 'Tiger' and Seven Others Guilty of Rape and Trafficking"
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8:
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The abuse of minor female children that occurred in 2008 and 2009 centred around two
95:
43:
1011:"Rochdale Grooming Scandal Whistleblower Defends Sarah Champion And Slams Austerity"
987:
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126:(CPS) decided not to prosecute two men, invoking the witness's lack of credibility.
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341:
2096:"Lesley Sharp: 'What happened to the girls in Rochdale is never far from my mind'"
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Greater Manchester Police, Report into Rochdale CSE investigation, 13 March 2015
3003:
2988:
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2209:"Rochdale sex-grooming gangs able to flourish due to police errors says report"
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526:
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119:
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1395:"Four men jailed for serious sexual offences with children mainly in Rochdale"
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452:
402:
261:
In February 2017, another five men were jailed as part of Operation Doublet.
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said the investigation was looking at cases in Rochdale dating back to 2003.
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to Pakistan. May stated the revocations were "conducive to the public good".
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99:
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Protection of Children and Prevention of Sexual Offences (Scotland) Act 2005
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near Rochdale. Despite one victim going to the police in 2008 to report the
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2146:"Police left children at mercy of grooming gangs in Rochdale, review finds"
1822:"Grooming offences committed mostly by Asian men, says ex-Barnardo's chief"
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530:
522:
414:
305:
1761:"Sexually exploited children are at further risk in care, says Barnardo's"
673:"Rochdale child sex ring case: respected men who preyed on the vulnerable"
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2973:
2574:
2482:
2467:
2254:"No officers to be charged over Rochdale child abuse failure, say police"
1936:
1414:"Five men jailed as part of investigation into child sexual exploitation"
504:
464:
418:
205:
201:
138:
1616:"Rochdale grooming trial: Asian grooming gangs, the uncomfortable issue"
1497:"Rochdale grooming: Five men convicted of historical child sex offences"
1450:"Rochdale child grooming ring: Three men jailed after Sunrise operation"
881:"Nine men found guilty of sexually abusing vulnerable girls in Rochdale"
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Attempts by Rochdale Crisis Intervention Team co-ordinator for the NHS,
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2745:
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455:, co-chairperson of the Conservative Party, in an interview with the
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1792:"Child sex trafficking study sparks exaggerated racial stereotyping"
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on 5 January 2011, related to convictions for child sex grooming in
1528:
1501:
818:"This is what happened to Three Girls whistleblower Sara Rowbotham"
790:
760:"Rochdale child sex ring: did political correctness delay justice?"
166:
154:
111:
27:
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1725:
702:"Rochdale grooming trial: Nine found guilty of child sex charges"
1201:"Members of Rochdale grooming gang face deportation to Pakistan"
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The remaining culprits have not yet been charged or convicted.
158:
1377:"Four men jailed for child sex offences against two teenagers"
230:
Second sex ring and Operation Doublet trials 2015, 2016, 2017,
2056:
International Journal for Crime, Justice and Social Democracy
634:"Rochdale grooming trial: gang convicted for sex trafficking"
211:
170:
2338:
936:"Members of paedophile gang treated victims as 'worthless'"
1524:"Rochdale grooming: Predatory gang jailed for child abuse"
16:
21st-century criminal gang in Greater Manchester, England
1937:"Complaints over use of 'Asian' label in grooming cases"
1875:"Heywood: Rochdale town at the centre of child sex ring"
1350:"Ten men have been jailed for sex offences in Rochdale"
786:"Police 'sorry' over Rochdale child sex abuse failures"
369:
220:
141:, a first generation British-Pakistani, was appointed.
1270:"Arrests made in second Rochdale sex grooming scandal"
355:
UCL Jill Dando Institute of Security and Crime Science
51:
during the initial police investigation. The men were
1992:"UK Hindus, Sikhs protest 'Asian' label for culprits"
1919:"Why the Rochdale 'grooming trial' wasn't about race"
1037:"Rochdale child sex grooming case originally dropped"
441:
brought to court for this kind of horrific offence."
326:
2144:
Hirst, Lauren; Jahangir, Rumeana (15 January 2024).
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1298:"Police vow to arrest even more child sex suspects"
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1324:"Ten men charged over Rochdale child abuse claims"
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762:. TheWeek.co.uk. 28 September 2012. Archived from
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250:sexual activity with a child, and sexual assault.
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2022:"Rochdale taxi firm boss in 'race choice' U-turn"
1558:"Revealed: conspiracy of silence on UK sex gangs"
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1432:"Rochdale child rapist extradited from Pakistan"
960:
958:
730:"Rochdale grooming trial: how the case unfolded"
597:Post-assault treatment of sexual assault victims
1848:"Rochdale featured in sex grooming documentary"
1699:
1697:
1695:
1693:
1691:
1689:
1687:
1168:"Rochdale grooming leader guilty of child rape"
1078:
1076:
398:Child Exploitation and Online Protection Centre
2163:
2161:
2159:
2132:
1551:
1549:
1547:
1251:"Five men jailed for rape of 15-year-old girl"
836:"Rochdale grooming gang report's key findings"
2324:
2143:
1815:
1813:
1721:
1719:
980:
955:
874:
872:
870:
292:
3381:Denaturalised citizens of the United Kingdom
2049:
1786:
1784:
1782:
1684:
1289:
1136:
1134:
1073:
966:"Gang To Be Sentenced Over Child Sex Crimes"
933:Ward, Victoria; Bunyan, Nigel (9 May 2012).
754:
752:
474:
176:
2884:Independent Inquiry into Child Sexual Abuse
2156:
1965:"It's time to stop using the word 'Asians'"
1955:
1752:
1643:"Report 'downplays sex abuse by Asian men'"
1544:
1316:
1107:
1105:
926:
811:
809:
696:
694:
666:
664:
662:
660:
658:
656:
626:
624:
622:
620:
618:
616:
592:List of sexual abuses perpetrated by groups
565:
499:Muslim grooming gangs in the United Kingdom
2331:
2317:
1910:
1840:
1810:
1716:
1657:
1186:"Rochdale grooming trial: Nine men jailed"
1113:"Rochdale child sex ring: nine men jailed"
1054:
1028:
988:"Profiles of Child Sex Abuse Gang Members"
932:
867:
720:
267:
212:Home Affairs Select Committee reports 2013
2086:
2067:
1929:
1916:
1892:
1866:
1779:
1635:
1262:
1260:
1160:
1131:
1090:. London. Press Association. 21 June 2012
1084:"Rochdale paedophile ringleader is named"
1008:
851:
849:
749:
3316:Child prostitution in the United Kingdom
3079:Exposure: The Other Side of Jimmy Savile
2340:Child sexual abuse in the United Kingdom
2301:House of Commons Home Affairs Committee
2293:House of Commons Home Affairs Committee
2092:
2050:Gill, Aisha K.; Harrison, Karen (2015).
1983:
1819:
1706:"Child sex grooming: the Asian question"
1102:
806:
778:
691:
653:
613:
577:Independent Police Complaints Commission
276:
3341:Human trafficking in the United Kingdom
3160:Safeguarding Vulnerable Groups Act 2006
2045:
2043:
1872:
1758:
1703:
1663:
1198:
1034:
1009:Wearmouth, Rachel (17 September 2017).
521:, a miniseries about the case. Actress
90:Twelve men were initially charged with
3283:
2251:
1612:
1583:
1577:
1494:
1257:
878:
846:
828:
815:
726:
670:
630:
34:, England. Nine men were convicted of
3406:Islam-related controversies in Europe
2634:Church of England and Church in Wales
2312:
2176:Greater Manchester Combined Authority
1961:
1732:Office of the Children's Commissioner
1606:
1411:
1295:
1266:
1140:
1060:
317:Office of the Children's Commissioner
3145:Sexual Offences (Amendment) Act 2000
3030:The Maiden Tribute of Modern Babylon
2206:
2040:
1989:
1900:"Full interview with Baroness Warsi"
370:Coalition for the Removal of Pimping
221:Operation Routh trials 2013 and 2014
3391:Incidents of violence against girls
3165:Sexual Offences (Scotland) Act 2009
2761:South Wales paternal sex abuse case
1666:"Politics Live with Andrew Sparrow"
1374:
483:
467:, who as the newly appointed chief
26:involved underage teenage girls in
13:
3242:Catholic Church sexual abuse cases
1759:Topping, Alexandra (6 June 2012).
1649:. 21 November 2012. Archived from
1375:Day, Rebecca (20 September 2016).
1199:Parveen, Nazia (9 February 2017).
562:duplicates and one was deceased.
310:Minister for Children and Families
14:
3427:
3411:Violence against women in England
3301:2009 crimes in the United Kingdom
3291:2008 crimes in the United Kingdom
3226:Timeline of young people's rights
3180:Violent and Sex Offender Register
2274:
2207:Syal, Rajeev (19 December 2013).
2093:Sanghani, Radhika (15 May 2017).
602:Jimmy Savile sexual abuse scandal
432:Response from Muslim spokespeople
3265:
3264:
3255:
3254:
1412:Abbit, Beth (18 February 2017).
3216:Paedophile Information Exchange
3130:Protection of Children Act 1978
3125:Criminal Law Amendment Act 1885
2252:Bunyan, Nigel (13 March 2015).
2245:
2226:
2200:
2182:
2114:
2014:
1820:Siddique, Haroon (9 May 2012).
1664:Sparrow, Andrew (3 July 2012).
1516:
1495:McCann, Phil (17 August 2023).
1488:
1474:
1460:
1442:
1424:
1405:
1387:
1368:
1342:
1243:
1226:
1192:
1178:
1119:. Press Association. 9 May 2012
1061:Brown, Jonathan (21 May 2012).
1002:
899:
515:In May 2017, the BBC broadcast
413:The former head of Barnardo's,
85:
2686:Berkhamsted paedophile network
2666:Westminster paedophile dossier
1962:Singh, Hardeep (8 June 2012).
1917:Martinson, Jane (9 May 2012).
540:
492:
392:Child protection organisations
217:nationwide and growing issue.
1:
3321:Child sexual abuse in England
3067:The Execution of Gary Glitter
2701:Charlene Downes disappearance
1704:Vallely, Paul (10 May 2012).
816:Rodger, James (3 July 2017).
607:
510:
98:origin and one was an Afghan
2522:Arundel and Brighton diocese
1873:Stanley, Emma (8 May 2012).
1613:Bunyan, Nigel (8 May 2012).
1584:Bunyan, Nigel (8 May 2012).
1296:Jones, Chris (23 May 2013).
1267:Henry, Julie (12 May 2012).
1147:International Business Times
1035:Burnell, Paul (8 May 2012).
879:Carter, Helen (8 May 2012).
727:Bunyan, Nigel (8 May 2012).
671:Carter, Helen (8 May 2012).
631:Bunyan, Nigel (8 May 2012).
533:played the police detective
7:
3326:Crime in Greater Manchester
2582:(Leicestershire care homes)
1141:Lewis, Jamie (8 May 2012).
585:
10:
3432:
3048:Cambridge University Press
2656:Medomsley Detention Centre
2601:Nottinghamshire care homes
1990:Kaul, Sarju (8 May 2012).
496:
293:Reaction and public debate
282:charged with 76 offences.
233:
226:operation ran until 2015.
3250:
3234:
3188:
3175:Sexual offences in the UK
3117:
3021:
2899:
2850:
2809:
2802:
2769:
2726:Murder of Alesha MacPhail
2678:
2621:
2567:
2512:
2436:
2429:
2348:Localised grooming groups
2346:
2242:. Retrieved 13 March 2015
2238:24 September 2015 at the
2126:Greater Manchester Police
525:starred in the series as
475:Hindu and Sikh objections
445:, chief executive of the
177:Operation Span trial 2012
124:Crown Prosecution Service
68:Greater Manchester Police
49:child sexual exploitation
40:Greater Manchester Police
3150:Sexual Offences Act 2003
2878:Northern Ireland Inquiry
2679:Other high-profile cases
2080:22 December 2015 at the
566:Review of police actions
549:after a BBC documentary
330:report of 5 January 2011
321:Department for Education
204:in order for them to be
105:
3351:Pakistani-British gangs
3260:Category:Child abuse UK
2770:Discredited allegations
2731:Norwich paedophile ring
2691:Birmingham bathing cult
2494:Dame Janet Smith Review
2194:Manchester Evening News
2069:10.5204/ijcjsd.v4i2.214
1904:London Evening Standard
1418:Manchester Evening News
1381:Manchester Evening News
1302:Manchester Evening News
268:Operation Infrared 2015
3270:Category:Sex crimes UK
3140:Sex Offenders Act 1997
2596:North Wales care homes
2586:Jersey children's home
2502:Giving Victims a Voice
990:. Sky News. 9 May 2012
968:. Sky News. 9 May 2012
401:organisations such as
3361:Sex crimes in England
2751:Sheffield incest case
277:Operation Lytton 2023
2969:Mark Williams-Thomas
2559:English Benedictines
2554:Comboni Missionaries
1746:4 March 2016 at the
1647:Agence France-Presse
23:child sex abuse ring
3401:Islam in Manchester
3396:Gang rape in Europe
3336:History of Rochdale
3331:Forced prostitution
2549:Cardiff archdiocese
2430:Within institutions
2286:5 July 2013 at the
1653:on 24 January 2013.
447:Ramadhan Foundation
241:investigation into
195:British citizenship
193:(stripped of their
3416:Islam and violence
3043:Speak of the Devil
2591:Kincora Boys' Home
2128:. 15 January 2024.
1438:. 28 January 2020.
863:. 15 January 2024.
842:. 15 January 2024.
551:The Betrayed Girls
315:In late 2011, the
53:British Pakistanis
32:Greater Manchester
3376:Racism in England
3278:
3277:
3135:Children Act 1989
3091:National Treasure
3035:Pall Mall Gazette
3017:
3016:
2810:Police operations
2787:Operation Midland
2716:Kidwelly sex cult
2674:
2673:
2028:. 27 October 2014
1854:. 7 December 2011
1532:. 31 October 2023
1456:. 21 August 2015.
1454:Mancunian Matters
236:Operation Doublet
96:British Pakistani
44:Operation Doublet
3423:
3268:
3267:
3258:
3257:
2944:Jean La Fontaine
2924:Geoffrey Dickens
2890:Scottish Inquiry
2807:
2806:
2661:Plymouth nursery
2629:Caldicott School
2568:Children's homes
2461:Stoke Mandeville
2434:
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2012:
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1998:. Archived from
1996:Deccan Chronicle
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1798:. 6 January 2011
1788:
1777:
1776:
1774:
1772:
1756:
1750:
1739:
1738:on 5 March 2016.
1734:. Archived from
1723:
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1570:
1565:. 5 January 2011
1560:
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484:Taxi controversy
469:crown prosecutor
458:Evening Standard
3431:
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3426:
3425:
3424:
3422:
3421:
3420:
3371:Child sex rings
3366:Sex trafficking
3356:Rape in England
3311:2012 in England
3306:2009 in England
3296:2008 in England
3281:
3280:
3279:
3274:
3246:
3235:Other templates
3230:
3206:Lantern Project
3184:
3113:
3013:
2994:Sammy Woodhouse
2984:Richard Webster
2901:
2895:
2858:Bichard Inquiry
2846:
2798:
2782:Elm Guest House
2765:
2706:Greville Janner
2670:
2644:Crewe Alexandra
2617:
2563:
2514:Catholic Church
2508:
2425:
2342:
2337:
2288:Wayback Machine
2277:
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2240:Wayback Machine
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2091:
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2082:Wayback Machine
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2020:
2019:
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1852:Rochdale Online
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1748:Wayback Machine
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1174:. 21 June 2012.
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1074:
1067:The Independent
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829:
822:Birmingham Mail
814:
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794:. 13 March 2015
784:
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767:
766:on 6 April 2017
758:
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682:
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588:
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543:
537:in the series.
535:Margaret Oliver
513:
501:
495:
486:
477:
443:Mohammed Shafiq
439:British Muslims
434:
394:
382:The Independent
377:The Independent
372:
363:The Independent
332:
295:
279:
270:
238:
232:
223:
214:
179:
108:
92:sex trafficking
88:
76:Margaret Oliver
66:In March 2015,
36:sex trafficking
17:
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11:
5:
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3170:Age of consent
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2900:Investigators/
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2872:Wanless Review
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2803:Investigations
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2736:Richard Huckle
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2275:External links
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2155:
2131:
2113:
2085:
2039:
2013:
2002:on 22 May 2012
1982:
1954:
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1906:. 18 May 2012.
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1356:. 8 April 2016
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1330:. 2 March 2015
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527:Sara Rowbotham
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243:child grooming
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199:Home Secretary
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131:Sara Rowbotham
120:child grooming
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72:Sara Rowbotham
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3189:Miscellaneous
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2999:Simon Danczuk
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2979:Peter Wanless
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2964:Maggie Oliver
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2741:Peter Righton
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2696:Chris Denning
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2651:Kesgrave Hall
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2537:St Benedict's
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2488:Jonathan King
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1970:The Telegraph
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1943:. 16 May 2012
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1271:
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1206:
1202:
1195:
1188:. 9 May 2012.
1187:
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731:
723:
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639:The Telegraph
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453:Sayeeda Warsi
450:
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411:
407:
404:
399:
396:In 2011, the
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191:denaturalized
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100:asylum-seeker
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57:White British
54:
50:
45:
41:
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24:
3346:Street gangs
3201:Dark Justice
3196:CEOP Command
3102:
3090:
3077:
3065:
3053:
3041:
3033:
2959:Louise Casey
2939:Julie Bindel
2929:Jayne Senior
2863:
2756:Sidney Cooke
2721:Max Clifford
2544:Caldey Abbey
2500:
2492:
2473:Gary Glitter
2446:Jimmy Savile
2410:
2406:Peterborough
2381:Huddersfield
2302:
2294:
2261:. Retrieved
2258:The Guardian
2257:
2247:
2228:
2216:. Retrieved
2213:The Guardian
2212:
2202:
2193:
2184:
2175:
2149:
2125:
2116:
2104:. Retrieved
2100:
2088:
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2059:
2055:
2030:. Retrieved
2025:
2016:
2006:30 September
2004:. Retrieved
2000:the original
1995:
1985:
1975:12 September
1973:. Retrieved
1969:
1957:
1947:12 September
1945:. Retrieved
1940:
1931:
1923:The Guardian
1922:
1912:
1903:
1894:
1882:. Retrieved
1878:
1868:
1856:. Retrieved
1851:
1842:
1830:. Retrieved
1826:The Guardian
1825:
1800:. Retrieved
1796:The Guardian
1795:
1769:. Retrieved
1765:The Guardian
1764:
1754:
1736:the original
1709:
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1670:The Guardian
1669:
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1651:the original
1637:
1625:. Retrieved
1620:
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1591:
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1567:. Retrieved
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1353:
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1332:. Retrieved
1327:
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1304:. Manchester
1301:
1291:
1279:. Retrieved
1274:
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1216:. Retrieved
1205:The Guardian
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1146:
1121:. Retrieved
1117:The Guardian
1116:
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1088:The Guardian
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1044:. Retrieved
1040:
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945:. Retrieved
940:
928:
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912:
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889:. Retrieved
885:The Guardian
884:
860:
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796:. Retrieved
789:
780:
770:30 September
768:. Retrieved
764:the original
739:. Retrieved
734:
722:
710:. Retrieved
708:. 8 May 2012
705:
681:. Retrieved
677:The Guardian
676:
643:. Retrieved
638:
581:
573:
569:
560:
556:
550:
547:Andy Burnham
544:
531:Lesley Sharp
523:Maxine Peake
516:
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422:
415:Martin Narey
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334:A report by
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306:Tim Loughton
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128:
109:
89:
86:Perpetrators
80:
65:
61:
20:
18:
3103:Three Girls
3055:Paedogeddon
2974:Nazir Afzal
2934:Janet Smith
2880:(2014–2016)
2868:(2013–2014)
2865:Jay Inquiry
2860:(2003–2004)
2711:Ian Watkins
2575:Cyril Smith
2497:(2012–2016)
2483:Huw Edwards
2478:Stuart Hall
2468:Rolf Harris
1020:26 November
541:2024 report
518:Three Girls
505:moral panic
493:Moral panic
465:Nazir Afzal
419:BBC Radio 4
202:Theresa May
139:Nazir Afzal
3386:Pedophilia
3285:Categories
3009:Tom Watson
2949:Jim Gamble
2909:Alexis Jay
2580:Frank Beck
2527:Ampleforth
2391:Manchester
2106:30 October
2032:2 November
1360:17 January
608:References
511:BBC series
497:See also:
417:, said on
403:Barnardo's
375:although,
197:) by then
42:launching
3096:Channel 4
3072:Channel 4
3060:Channel 4
2954:Keith Vaz
2919:Ann Cryer
2902:activists
2851:Inquiries
2777:Cleveland
2746:Ray Teret
2611:Beechwood
2606:Amberdale
2456:Broadmoor
2416:Rotherham
2396:Newcastle
2356:Aylesbury
1771:26 August
1563:The Times
1536:30 August
1508:30 August
1213:0261-3077
1046:27 August
358:The Times
347:The Times
342:the North
337:The Times
328:The Times
112:takeaways
21:Rochdale
2639:Football
2532:Downside
2411:Rochdale
2386:Keighley
2284:Archived
2236:Archived
2078:Archived
2026:BBC News
1941:BBC News
1879:BBC News
1828:. London
1767:. London
1744:Archived
1672:. London
1623:. London
1594:. London
1529:BBC News
1502:BBC News
1436:BBC News
1399:ITV News
1354:ITV News
1328:BBC News
1277:. London
1172:BBC News
1041:BBC News
1015:HuffPost
943:. London
887:. London
798:13 March
791:BBC News
737:. London
706:BBC News
679:. London
641:. London
586:See also
206:deported
167:Bradford
155:Rochdale
28:Rochdale
3110:, 2017)
3108:BBC One
3098:, 2016)
3086:, 2012)
3074:, 2009)
3062:, 2001)
3050:, 1998)
3038:, 1885)
2892:(2015–)
2886:(2015–)
2842:Yewtree
2837:Whistle
2822:Hydrant
2817:Doublet
2451:scandal
2421:Telford
2376:Halifax
2366:Bristol
2361:Banbury
2263:15 June
2218:15 June
1832:23 July
1802:23 July
1676:23 July
1569:23 July
1334:4 March
1308:4 March
1218:18 July
1123:23 July
1094:21 July
116:Heywood
2874:(2014)
2832:Voicer
2794:Orkney
2505:(2013)
2401:Oxford
1281:12 May
1211:
918:19 May
308:, the
163:Nelson
159:Oldham
122:, the
3211:NSPCC
3022:Media
2622:Other
2371:Derby
2172:(PDF)
1884:9 May
1858:9 May
1627:9 May
1598:9 May
1237:(PDF)
1152:8 May
994:8 May
972:8 May
947:9 May
891:8 May
741:8 May
712:8 May
683:8 May
645:8 May
424:Today
171:Leeds
106:Abuse
3221:Pace
2265:2020
2220:2020
2108:2019
2075:Pdf.
2034:2014
2008:2012
1977:2012
1949:2012
1886:2012
1860:2012
1834:2012
1804:2012
1773:2012
1741:Pdf.
1678:2012
1629:2012
1600:2012
1571:2012
1538:2024
1510:2024
1362:2024
1336:2015
1310:2015
1283:2012
1220:2017
1209:ISSN
1154:2012
1125:2012
1096:2012
1048:2012
1022:2018
996:2012
974:2012
949:2012
920:2017
893:2012
800:2015
772:2012
743:2012
714:2012
685:2012
647:2012
169:and
19:The
3118:Law
3084:ITV
3032:" (
2827:Ore
2438:BBC
2150:BBC
2064:doi
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