44:
620:
597:
577:
554:
169:
460:, describing the main components of American neoconservatism as a belief in the rectitude of applying US moralism to the world stage, support for the US to act alone, the promotion of American-style liberty and democracy in other countries, the belief in American hegemony, the confidence in US military power, and a distrust of international institutions. According to Kagan, his foreign-policy views are "deeply rooted in American history and widely shared by Americans".
650:, created something of a sensation through its assertions that Europeans tended to favor peaceful resolutions of international disputes while the United States takes a more "Hobbesian" view in which some kinds of disagreement can only be settled by force, or, as he put it: "Americans are from Mars and Europe is from Venus." A
471:
are the greatest "challenge liberalism faces today": "Nor do Russia and China welcome the liberal West's efforts to promote liberal politics around the globe, least of all in regions of strategic importance to them. ... Unfortunately, al-Qaeda may not be the only challenge liberalism faces today, or
662:
When it comes to setting national priorities, determining threats, defining challenges, and fashioning and implementing foreign and defense policies, the United States and Europe have parted ways, writes Mr. Kagan, concluding, in words already famous in another context, 'Americans are from Mars and
721:
for president and argued that the
Republican Party's "wild obstructionism" and an insistence that "government, institutions, political traditions, party leadership and even parties themselves" were things meant to be "overthrown, evaded, ignored, insulted, laughed at" set the stage for the rise of
734:
regarding Trump's campaign entitled "This Is How
Fascism Comes to America". Kagan has said that "all Republican foreign policy professionals are anti-Trump." In September 2021, Kagan wrote a related opinion essay published in
1921:
1955:
955:
387:. Through the work of the PNAC, from 1998, Kagan was an early and strong advocate of military action in Syria, Iran, Afghanistan as well as to "remove Mr. Hussein and his regime from power." After the
1858:
916:
1786:
778:
1167:
336:
2831:
1947:
1490:
2105:
1982:
1725:
939:
451:
described Kagan as being "uncomfortable" with the 'neocon' title, and stated that "he insists he is 'liberal' and 'progressive' in a distinctly
American tradition."
1694:
1664:
1376:
840:
690:
that the president "spent more than 10 minutes talking about it...going over its arguments paragraph by paragraph." The essay was excerpted from Kagan's book,
1835:
2811:
1868:
2158:
480:
retrenchment in global affairs has emboldened Russia and China, "the two great revisionist powers," and will eventually lead to instability and conflict.
2191:
1755:
671:(2006) Kagan argued forcefully against what he considers the widespread misconception that the United States had been isolationist since its inception.
2801:
2786:
1278:
2571:
1808:
908:
1778:
1358:
2846:
2796:
2781:
1211:
1209:
1207:
2851:
2806:
1141:
395:
741:
by the title, "Our
Constitutional Crisis Is Already Here". He continued his criticism of Trump in November 2023 with another essay in
2225:
1898:
1204:
1171:
2679:
414:
240:
229:. Kagan has been a foreign policy adviser to U.S. Republican presidential candidates as well as Democratic administrations via the
717:
In
February 2016, Kagan publicly left the Republican party (referring to himself as a "former Republican") and endorsed Democrat
2036:
1639:
2841:
2816:
2169:
1547:
358:
1061:
2684:
2566:
2063:
1586:
1461:
1416:
1239:
1042:
1024:
834:
818:
764:
1717:
1482:
2556:
1978:
1116:
1057:
380:
317:
222:
2866:
2856:
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2821:
2791:
2776:
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2133:
2008:
1193:
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1313:
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2197:
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876:
863:
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1380:
803:
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373:
2091:
2561:
2185:
1827:
488:
355:
252:
244:
123:
978:
2293:
2581:
410:
376:
Policy
Planning Staff. From 1986 to 1988, he served in the State Department Bureau of Inter-American Affairs.
2861:
2586:
2218:
1747:
1336:
2077:
1270:
2876:
2871:
795:
Dangerous Nation: America's Place in the World from its
Earliest Days to the Dawn of the Twentieth Century.
421:
230:
669:
Dangerous Nation: America's Place in the World from its
Earliest Days to the Dawn of the Twentieth Century
391:
was announced Kagan said "bombing Iraq isn't enough" and called on
Clinton to send ground troops to Iraq.
2429:
2268:
1218:"Three-Part Lecture Series at the Kluge Center Looks at Foreign Policy Through the Lens of Realpolitik"
1812:
2591:
2263:
2273:
2211:
1362:
438:
referred to Kagan as "the chief neoconservative foreign-policy theorist" in reviewing Kagan's book
1891:"The Return of Realpolitik - A Window into the Soul of Anglo-American Foreign Policy, Event Recap"
1031:
Robert Kagan... Co-founder with
William Kristol of the Project for the New American Century (PNAC)
2728:
2689:
2379:
2248:
702:
519:
310:
215:
95:
2771:
2718:
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824:
128:
1578:
1016:
1010:
335:, who previously served as deputy national security advisor to Vice President Dick Cheney and
2613:
2576:
1604:
1438:
1217:
525:
399:
226:
1145:
1078:
Robert Kagan is co-founder with William Kristol of the Project for the New American Century.
684:, February 2, 2012) was very positively received by President Obama. Josh Rogin reported in
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2540:
1890:
1527:
557:
388:
321:
104:
600:
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8:
2714:
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2013:
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888:
737:
706:
623:
501:
325:
235:
211:
100:
2179:
2489:
1065:
940:"Events in Iraq Open Door for Interventionist Revival, Historian Says (Published 2014)"
507:
314:
276:
91:
2119:
1922:"Trump is the GOP's Frankenstein monster. Now he's strong enough to destroy the party"
2409:
2384:
1631:
1610:
1582:
1571:
1539:
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1020:
947:
872:
859:
846:
830:
814:
809:
799:
784:
760:
755:
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titled "A Trump dictatorship is increasingly inevitable. We should stop pretending."
454:
In 2008, Kagan wrote an article titled "Neocon Nation: Neoconservatism, c. 1776" for
284:
206:; born September 26, 1958) is an American columnist and political scientist. He is a
71:
1779:"BOOKS OF THE TIMES; Americans Are From Mars, Europeans From Venus (Published 2003)"
1513:
794:
43:
2745:
2648:
2634:
2530:
2449:
2424:
2354:
770:
680:
369:
352:
183:
86:
2164:
1458:
1408:
1247:
1090:
398:. He was appointed senior fellow in the Center on United States and Europe at the
2374:
2319:
2253:
2234:
1668:
1523:
1478:
1465:
1308:
1299:
718:
513:
435:
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384:
332:
306:
296:
292:
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207:
154:
139:
82:
2474:
2469:
2464:
2419:
2404:
2389:
2349:
2329:
2324:
1863:
1606:
The Pathologies of Power: Fear, Honor, Glory, and Hubris in U.S. Foreign Policy
771:
Present Dangers: Crisis and Opportunity in America's Foreign and Defense Policy
686:
473:
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2734:
2535:
2525:
2504:
2494:
2454:
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2258:
1535:
1303:
1006:
951:
537:
531:
456:
405:
During the 2008 presidential campaign he served as foreign policy advisor to
365:
2037:"A Trump dictatorship is increasingly inevitable. We should stop pretending"
1543:
295:
is a military historian and author. Kagan has a B.A. in history (1980) from
2709:
2704:
2655:
2499:
2309:
2283:
1518:
909:"Exclusive: Prominent GOP Neoconservative to Fundraise for Hillary Clinton"
723:
484:
447:
340:
272:
248:
168:
149:
26:
22:
2174:
1859:"Obama embraces Romney advisor's theory on 'The Myth of American Decline'"
856:
The Ghost at the Feast: America and the Collapse of World Order, 1900-1941
2596:
2520:
2459:
2434:
2394:
2369:
698:
655:
406:
301:
2722:
2344:
2149:
1439:"Inaugural Meeting of Secretary Clinton's Foreign Affairs Policy Board"
726:. Kagan called Trump a "Frankenstein monster" and also compared him to
429:
420:
Since 2011, Kagan has also served on the 25-member State Department's
2479:
379:
In 1997, Kagan co-founded the now-defunct neoconservative think tank
361:
2484:
2399:
2198:'Dangerous Nation' trilogy Book Two 'The Ghost at the Feast' Review
2106:"Think Trump is bad? This book reminds you that Neo-cons are worse"
727:
647:
477:
394:
From 1998 until August 2010, Kagan was a Senior Associate with the
2203:
1377:"Profile on the Carnegie Endowment for International Peace site"
1194:"Washington Talk: Briefing; Departing Official (Published 1988)"
779:
Of Paradise and Power: America and Europe in the New World Order
644:
Of Paradise and Power: America and Europe in the New World Order
483:
In October 2018, Kagan said, "Unless are you willing to punish"
2153:
634:
611:
588:
568:
464:
268:
67:
869:
Rebellion: How Antiliberalism Is Tearing America Apart - Again
337:
assistant secretary of state for European and Eurasian affairs
198:
756:
A Twilight Struggle: American Power and Nicaragua, 1977-1990.
678:
Kagan's essay "Not Fade Away: The Myth of American Decline" (
675:
was awarded the 2007 Lepgold Prize by Georgetown University.
468:
1979:"Robert Kagan and Other Neocons Are Backing Hillary Clinton"
1117:"Robert Kagan and Other Neocons Are Backing Hillary Clinton"
1811:. Georgetown University. September 17, 2008. Archived from
192:
1632:"America still capable of military strikes: Robert Kagan"
195:
1091:"Foreign Affairs Policy Board - BIOGRAPHY: Robert Kagan"
1304:"Why would any rational person listen to Robert Kagan?"
1568:
841:
The Jungle Grows Back: America and Our Imperiled World
1468:, State Department webpage. Retrieved March 29, 2015.
1168:"Robert Kagan '80 follows father but forges own path"
189:
2832:
Carnegie Council for Ethics in International Affairs
2064:"The Return of History and the End of Dreams Review"
1269:
Kristol, William; Kagan, Robert (January 30, 1998),
1144:. yalealumnimagazine.com. April 2002. Archived from
1170:. Yale Daily News. October 27, 2005. Archived from
186:
1570:
697:John Bew and Kagan lectured on March 27, 2014, on
233:. He writes a monthly column on world affairs for
2186:Superpowers don't retire, but Robert Kagan should
2092:"Robert Kagan's Mythology of U.S. Exceptionalism"
1215:
472:even the greatest." In a February 2017 essay for
364:. From 1984 to 1986, under the administration of
2758:
2078:"Return of History and the End of Dreams Review"
1573:The Right Nation: Conservative Power in America
1569:Micklethwait, John; Wooldridge, Adrian (2004).
1298:
979:"Robert Kagan and Interventionism's Big Reboot"
730:. In May 2016, Kagan wrote an opinion piece in
368:, he was a speechwriter for Secretary of State
2572:Jewish Institute for National Security Affairs
1939:
1400:
1001:
999:
299:, where in 1979 he was editor-in-chief of the
262:
2219:
1828:"Not Fade Away: The myth of American decline"
1662:US: Hawks Looking for New and Bigger Enemies?
351:In 1983, Kagan was foreign policy advisor to
2812:American people of Lithuanian-Jewish descent
1825:
1334:
1268:
810:The Return of History and the End of Dreams.
712:
2009:"Our Constitutional Crisis Is Already Here"
1997:
1809:"Georgetown Awards 2007 Lepgold Book Prize"
996:
440:The Return of History and the End of Dreams
2226:
2212:
2192:'Dangerous Nation' trilogy Book One Review
1913:
1856:
1609:. Cambridge University Press. p. 66.
396:Carnegie Endowment for International Peace
42:
2802:21st-century American non-fiction writers
2787:20th-century American non-fiction writers
2680:Timeline of modern American conservatism
1602:
1511:
1477:
1406:
1083:
937:
241:2016 U.S. presidential election campaign
2159:"Toward a Neo-Reaganite Foreign Policy"
1776:
1728:from the original on September 13, 2017
1393:Robert Kagan, "I Am Not a Straussian",
1216:Steinhauer, Jason (February 21, 2014).
1005:
919:from the original on September 25, 2019
283:and a specialist in the history of the
2759:
1976:
1948:"This Is How Fascism Comes to America"
1748:"What Trump can do about Saudi Arabia"
1697:from the original on December 12, 2020
1642:from the original on February 24, 2021
1629:
1550:from the original on February 13, 2021
1419:from the original on February 24, 2021
1281:from the original on September 7, 2017
1114:
1052:
1050:
906:
748:
331:Kagan is married to American diplomat
2685:Neoconservatism and paleoconservatism
2567:Foundation for Defense of Democracies
2207:
2034:
2003:
1985:from the original on January 23, 2023
1945:
1919:
1838:from the original on January 20, 2013
1758:from the original on January 19, 2019
1715:
1684:
1493:from the original on February 2, 2015
1316:from the original on January 23, 2023
1232:
958:from the original on February 4, 2021
409:, the Republican Party's nominee for
2557:Project for the New American Century
381:Project for the New American Century
279:of Classics and History Emeritus at
223:Project for the New American Century
221:A co-founder of the neoconservative
2847:Jewish American non-fiction writers
2700:Idealism in international relations
2233:
2161:by William Kristol and Robert Kagan
2035:Kagan, Robert (November 30, 2023).
1958:from the original on August 1, 2016
1920:Kagan, Robert (February 25, 2016).
1047:
13:
2797:21st-century American male writers
2782:20th-century American male writers
1789:from the original on March 9, 2017
1716:Kagan, Robert (February 6, 2017).
1512:Beaumont, Peter (April 26, 2008).
1409:"Not the end of history after all"
14:
2888:
2852:Jewish American social scientists
2807:American male non-fiction writers
2143:
1901:from the original on May 14, 2014
1826:Robert Kagan (January 11, 2012).
1777:Daalder, Ivo H. (March 5, 2003).
1603:Fettweis, Christopher J. (2013).
1407:Reynolds, Paul (April 29, 2008).
1335:Robert Kagan (January 30, 1998).
1015:. New York: Grove Press. p.
938:Horowitz, Jason (June 16, 2014).
374:United States Department of State
247:due to the party's nomination of
2562:National Endowment for Democracy
1685:Kagan, Robert (April 30, 2006).
1056:
976:
618:
595:
575:
552:
489:assassination of Jamal Khashoggi
271:, Greece. His father, historian
182:
167:
2126:
2112:
2098:
2084:
2070:
2056:
2028:
1977:Khalek, Rania (July 25, 2016).
1970:
1883:
1857:Josh Rogin (January 26, 2012).
1850:
1819:
1801:
1770:
1740:
1709:
1678:
1654:
1623:
1596:
1562:
1505:
1471:
1452:
1431:
1387:
1369:
1351:
1328:
1292:
1262:
1186:
1160:
1115:Khalek, Rania (July 25, 2016).
225:, he is a senior fellow at the
2582:Emergency Committee for Israel
2175:Articles at Carnegie Endowment
2134:"Crisis of Liberalism Divided"
1946:Kagan, Robert (May 18, 2016).
1359:"Robert Kagan joins Brookings"
1134:
1108:
1036:
970:
931:
907:Hudson, John (June 23, 2016).
900:
646:, published on the eve of the
476:, Kagan argued that U.S. post-
411:President of the United States
115:Columnist, political scientist
18:American historian (born 1958)
1:
2842:Harvard Kennedy School alumni
2817:American political scientists
2587:American Enterprise Institute
2120:"Robert Kagan Goes on a Tear"
774:, with William Kristol (2000)
1718:"Backing Into World War III"
1514:"A neocon by any other name"
1483:"Present at the Re-Creation"
422:Foreign Affairs Policy Board
318:Kennedy School of Government
307:he is credited with reviving
231:Foreign Affairs Policy Board
7:
2170:Articles at Weekly Standard
1337:"Bombing Iraq isn't enough"
1271:"Bombing Iraq Isn't Enough"
882:
494:
424:under Secretaries of State
263:Personal life and education
210:scholar. He is a critic of
10:
2893:
2867:The Washington Post people
2857:Members of Skull and Bones
2827:American University alumni
2822:American political writers
2792:21st-century American Jews
2777:20th-century American Jews
663:Europeans are from Venus.'
505:. He has also written for
463:In 2006, Kagan wrote that
214:and a leading advocate of
20:
2837:Criticism of Donald Trump
2672:
2605:
2592:Foreign Policy Initiative
2549:
2513:
2302:
2294:Constitutional Federalism
2264:Humanitarian intervention
2241:
1667:February 5, 2021, at the
1397:11: 20 (February 6, 2006)
713:Criticism of Donald Trump
617:
594:
581:Presentation by Kagan on
574:
551:
546:
499:Kagan is a columnist for
346:
324:in American history from
166:
161:
145:
135:
119:
111:
78:
50:
41:
34:
2274:Liberal internationalism
1095:U.S. Department of State
894:
627:interview with Kagan on
604:interview with Kagan on
561:interview with Kagan on
21:Not to be confused with
2729:Republican in Name Only
2690:British neoconservatism
2249:American exceptionalism
1897:. Library of Congress.
703:American exceptionalism
520:The Wall Street Journal
491:, "then they own you."
311:Master of Public Policy
216:liberal interventionism
2719:New York Intellectuals
2695:Clash of Civilizations
2007:(September 23, 2021).
1815:on September 19, 2009.
1687:"League of Dictators?"
1459:Current Board Members"
1246:. 2009. Archived from
1244:newamericancentury.org
825:The World America Made
692:The World America Made
665:
642:In 2003, Kagan's book
302:Yale Political Monthly
2577:Henry Jackson Society
2165:Articles at Brookings
1630:Colvin, Mark (2004).
1464:May 25, 2019, at the
1220:. Library of Congress
660:
563:Of Paradise and Power
400:Brookings Institution
291:descent. His brother
227:Brookings Institution
2862:Never Trump movement
2741:Never Trump movement
2541:John Courtney Murray
2180:Foreign Policy Folly
1754:. October 11, 2018.
1481:(February 5, 2009).
1365:on October 11, 2012.
1339:. Carnegie Endowment
1174:on November 19, 2010
389:1998 bombing of Iraq
372:and a member of the
328:in Washington, D.C.
309:. He later earned a
2877:Yale College alumni
2872:Writers from Athens
2715:Anti-Stalinist left
2628:The Public Interest
2621:The Weekly Standard
2340:Charles Krauthammer
2042:The Washington Post
2014:The Washington Post
1952:The Washington Post
1871:on October 21, 2014
1691:The Washington Post
1577:. Penguin. p.
1250:on February 4, 2012
889:Stop Trump movement
749:Select bibliography
743:The Washington Post
738:The Washington Post
732:The Washington Post
707:Library of Congress
648:US invasion of Iraq
565:, February 16, 2003
502:The Washington Post
402:in September 2010.
326:American University
236:The Washington Post
212:U.S. foreign policy
101:American University
2490:Reuel Marc Gerecht
1783:The New York Times
1302:(March 11, 2007).
1275:The New York Times
1198:The New York Times
944:The New York Times
608:, October 23, 2006
602:Washington Journal
585:, October 18, 2006
508:The New York Times
277:Sterling Professor
267:Kagan was born in
92:Harvard University
61:September 26, 1958
2754:
2753:
2410:Jeane Kirkpatrick
2385:David Aaronovitch
1752:The Seattle Times
1588:978-1-59420-020-5
1200:. March 18, 1988.
1148:on August 9, 2007
1068:on March 20, 2012
1026:978-0-8021-4193-4
1012:The neocon reader
835:978-0-307-96131-0
819:978-0-307-26923-2
765:978-0-028-74057-7
640:
639:
289:Lithuanian Jewish
285:Peloponnesian War
259:, for president.
251:and endorsed the
243:, Kagan left the
175:
174:
2884:
2746:Euston Manifesto
2673:Related articles
2635:National Affairs
2531:Henry M. Jackson
2514:Major influences
2450:Zalmay Khalilzad
2425:Joshua Muravchik
2355:Norman Podhoretz
2228:
2221:
2214:
2205:
2204:
2200:by Thomas Meaney
2182:by Willian Ruger
2138:
2137:
2130:
2124:
2123:
2116:
2110:
2109:
2102:
2096:
2095:
2088:
2082:
2081:
2074:
2068:
2067:
2060:
2054:
2053:
2051:
2049:
2032:
2026:
2025:
2023:
2021:
2001:
1995:
1994:
1992:
1990:
1974:
1968:
1967:
1965:
1963:
1943:
1937:
1936:
1934:
1932:
1917:
1911:
1910:
1908:
1906:
1887:
1881:
1880:
1878:
1876:
1867:. Archived from
1854:
1848:
1847:
1845:
1843:
1832:The New Republic
1823:
1817:
1816:
1805:
1799:
1798:
1796:
1794:
1774:
1768:
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1765:
1763:
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1682:
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1600:
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1576:
1566:
1560:
1559:
1557:
1555:
1509:
1503:
1502:
1500:
1498:
1479:Bacevich, Andrew
1475:
1469:
1456:
1450:
1449:
1447:
1445:
1435:
1429:
1428:
1426:
1424:
1404:
1398:
1391:
1385:
1384:
1383:on May 14, 2005.
1379:. Archived from
1373:
1367:
1366:
1361:. Archived from
1355:
1349:
1348:
1346:
1344:
1332:
1326:
1325:
1323:
1321:
1296:
1290:
1289:
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1213:
1202:
1201:
1190:
1184:
1183:
1181:
1179:
1164:
1158:
1157:
1155:
1153:
1142:"Lion in Winter"
1138:
1132:
1131:
1129:
1127:
1112:
1106:
1105:
1103:
1101:
1087:
1081:
1080:
1075:
1073:
1064:. Archived from
1054:
1045:
1040:
1034:
1033:
1003:
994:
993:
991:
989:
974:
968:
967:
965:
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935:
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2705:Liberal hawk
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2500:Clifford May
2315:Robert Kagan
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2048:November 30,
2046:. Retrieved
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1960:. Retrieved
1951:
1941:
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1895:Kluge Center
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1875:February 19,
1873:. Retrieved
1869:the original
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1813:the original
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1519:The Guardian
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1442:. Retrieved
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1381:the original
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1363:the original
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1341:. Retrieved
1330:
1320:December 30,
1318:. Retrieved
1307:
1294:
1283:, retrieved
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1264:
1252:. Retrieved
1248:the original
1243:
1240:"About PNAC"
1234:
1224:February 21,
1222:. Retrieved
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1172:the original
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1066:the original
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983:New Republic
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150:Donald Kagan
131:(since 2016)
36:Robert Kagan
27:Donald Kagan
23:Robert Kegan
15:
2767:1958 births
2597:NGO Monitor
2521:Leo Strauss
2460:Yuval Levin
2435:Ben Shapiro
2395:Oliver Kamm
2370:Paul Bremer
2150:Appearances
1989:January 27,
1762:January 18,
1497:January 23,
962:January 29,
923:January 29,
699:Realpolitik
407:John McCain
255:candidate,
129:Independent
2761:Categories
2723:Trotskyism
2614:Commentary
2345:David Frum
1636:abc.net.au
1152:August 19,
1126:August 22,
1044:About PNAC
526:Commentary
430:John Kerry
356:Republican
275:, was the
253:Democratic
124:Republican
57:1958-09-26
2642:Encounter
2480:Dan Senor
1962:August 8,
1646:March 18,
1554:March 18,
1536:0261-3077
1423:April 29,
1343:March 13,
1285:March 17,
1254:March 18,
1072:March 18,
952:0362-4331
559:Booknotes
362:Jack Kemp
315:Harvard's
293:Frederick
287:, was of
162:Signature
157:(brother)
146:Relatives
79:Education
2485:Eli Lake
2400:Max Boot
1983:Archived
1956:Archived
1931:March 4,
1899:Archived
1836:Archived
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1756:Archived
1726:Archived
1695:Archived
1665:Archived
1640:Archived
1548:Archived
1544:60623878
1491:Archived
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