19:
314:
208:
147:"The westquarter thairof to be all tane downe to the ground thane to big and beild the same up agane in the maist plesand maner that can be devyssit: quhilk quarter off the said paleys is the best and maist plesand situatioune off ony of his hienes palayes by ressone it will have the maist plesand sycht of all the foure airthis (directions), in speciall park and gairdin, deer thairin, up the riverais of
166:
The west quarter thereof to be all taken down to the ground then to build the same up again in the most pleasant manner that can be divised: which quarter of the said palace is the best and most pleasant situation of any of his majesty's palaces by reason it will have the most pleasant sight of all
438:
who flourished at the court of James VI in the same years as
Drummond wrote an epitaph to the architect. The poem speaks of Robert Drummond as a leader in building and planting in Scotland. In the manuscript volume of Montgomerie's poems called the "Ker Manuscript" Drummond's name was added to the
357:
although using
Scottish spellings. Two now incomplete lines are: "Gif that in werteu thow takis ony paine ..." and "Naikit I cam into the warld ..." The use of the first of these mottoes reflects the schoolroom of James VI at Stirling Castle, where he penned a Latin version into a catalogue of his
321:
Robert
Drummond had coal mines in his lands. He supplied coal for domestic uses to the town of Stirling and made an agreement with William Bell, a merchant in Stirling, to set and use a standard measure for a "burgess load", for coal supplied from his mine of Bannockburn. Drummond's agreement with
143:, with its river valleys dotted with the castles of the Scottish nobility. Drummond hoped to design and build a gallery and roof terrace on the west quarter of the palace to appreciate the views. He also intended to re-site the royal chapel. In the words of his estimate:
167:
the four directions, especially the park and garden, the deer there, up the rivers of Forth, Teith, Allan, and Guddy, to Loch Lomond, a sight round about in all parts and down to the river of Forth where there stands many great stone houses.
574:, feuar of Carnock, royal master stabler, who married Margaret Scott heiress of Monzie. His son Alexander Drummond inherited Carnock and married Elizabeth Hepburn, his son Alexander (d.1645) married Margaret Rollo, and was killed at the
396:
Drummond, his son-in-law Adam
Erskine, Commendator of Cambuskenneth, and his sons Patrick, John, Robert, and William, were accused by Duncan Forrester of Queenshaugh of threatening him. In July 1586 when Forrester was travelling from
270:"to tak away the cheppell and to big the same neirby the northe bak wall in ane other sort of biging, to the pwrpois oure Queyne withe hir tryne of ladyis may pas forthe off this new devissit work into the said chappell loft"
273:
to take away the chapel and to build the same nearby the north back wall in another sort of building, to the purpose our Queen with her train of ladies may pass forth from this new devised work into the said chapel
171:
Nothing was done to the west quarter of
Stirling Palace at this time, and by 1625 a part of the building had fallen down the hillside. The rest of quarter survives as a passage or gallery used in 1594 during the
138:
Robert
Drummond was appointed master of work on 6 May 1579. As an architect his significance lies in the inventory of repairs for royal palaces of 7 May 1583 with its appreciation of the landscape around
184:"Item the westquarter of the Paleys of Lythquow is altogidder lyk to fall downe that ane hunder pundis will do mair presently to the said work nor ane thowsand pundis will do quhen it is fallin downe."
388:, belonged to a brother, Alexander Drummond. Possibly changes and alteration at Midhope were due to his brother, the master of work. Another brother, Charles, was Provost of Linlithgow.
95:. In 1553 the affairs of Lord Elphinstone were put in the hands of Lord Erskine, John Drummond of Innerpeffray, and Robert Drummond of Carnock. He was knighted as a supporter of
187:
Item the west quarter of the Palace of
Linlithgow is altogether likely to fall down, that £100 will do more presently to the said work than £1000 will do when it is fallen down.
76:
and went with him to exile to
England in 1529. Carnock, the location, is to the east of Stirling. Robert built up the Carnock lands into a holding recognised as a free barony.
1028:, vol. 1 (STS; Edinburgh, 2000), p.99; vol.2 pp. 80-81: Aonghus MacKechnie, 'Sir David Cunningham of Robertland: Murderer and 'Magna Britannia's' First Architect',
329:
Drummond's own house at
Carnock in Stirlingshire was demolished in 1941. It was abandoned and unsafe due to subsidence caused by essential coalworking during the
548:
786:
18:
366:
wrote an
English version in her Book of Hours. Historic Environment Scotland also has some plasterwork from a later ceiling from the house including the
1148:
283:
224:
333:. It had an interesting plan with two staircases. The armorial panel of 1548 with his coat of arms and that of Marjorie Elphinstone can be seen at
239:. In July 1583 he lost his court role as a master of the stable and went into exile in England. His brother John Drummond of Slipperfield and
1168:
367:
945:
92:
838:, vol. 6 (Edinburgh, 1910), p. 560: Amy Juhala, 'For the King Favours Them Very Strangely', Miles Kerr-Peterson & Steven J. Reid,
37:
from 1579 to 1583. This was the responsibility for building and repair of palaces and castles. His appointment was made to be "as Sir
423:
Robert was witness at the christening in Stirling on 19 October 1589 of Mr William Drummond and Christine Brodie's daughter Janet.
1115:
34:
349:
have been dated to 1589 and carry inscriptions exhorting moral precepts, some from the Bible, some from the Stoic philosopher
1158:
342:
338:
173:
302:
73:
100:
1173:
251:, was a leader of the Gowrie regime. These connections may have led to Robert's replacement as royal master of work by
322:
the town's officials was recorded in the official Register of Deeds, a register of obligations still preserved at the
266:, at Stirling Castle suggesting the rebuilding the Chapel Royal to accommodate ladies in waiting in a loft or gallery:
163:, ane sycht rownd about in all pairtis and downe to the revear of Forthe quhair thar standis many greit stane howssis"
104:
278:
The estimate demonstrates Drummond's involvement with the Ruthven regime and, perhaps, its cynical negotiation with
402:
590:
440:
920:
417:
346:
313:
195:
rebuilt the chapel in 1594. Drummond's only certain works are repairs and alterations to roof and parapet at
88:
50:
1143:
852:
735:
248:
1015:, vol. 2 (STS; Edinburgh, 2000), pp. 1, 80-81, the manuscript is Edinburgh University Library MS De.3.70.
412:
In 1587 Carnock got into difficulties selling a property to Thomas Forrester of Durrishall, and Carnock,
80:
286:" in 1583. This was a plan for Mary, Queen of Scots, to enter into joint rule in Scotland with her son,
180:
was in danger of collapse, and recommended immediate intervention. The building fell twenty years later;
536:
371:
334:
96:
531:, Drummond's second wife Marjorie Elphinstone has been identified as the subject of the story of the "
722:
38:
1163:
1108:
354:
108:
596:
William Drummond, a student at St Andrews with disputed appointment as Canon of Alloway in 1571.
223:
by an anonymous artist dated 1583 may reflect plans for Mary to return to Scotland and rule in "
564:
323:
53:, of Carnock and Arnmore (Ernmore), and Marjory Bruce of Auchinbowie. Arnmore is a location at
435:
385:
1084:
87:
called the "Slate House" in 1540. Agnes's sister Elizabeth married John Mowbray grandson of
1153:
1091:
350:
317:
Beam from Carnock House, with inscription: "Gif that in werteu thow takis ony paine", (HES)
298:
263:
259:
216:
8:
359:
123:
91:. Some time after 1542, Robert married Marjorie Elphinstone, the sister of his neighbour
1090:
Michael Pearce, 'Epitaph and Subject: Who with him strive to polish, build and plant?'
582:
532:
240:
1104:
528:
413:
363:
279:
177:
119:
603:
575:
406:
851:
For Drummond's last payment as master of work and Schaw's first payment 1583 see
236:
140:
624:
377:
287:
220:
122:
in 1570. A family contract concerning the lands of a kinsman Henry Drummond of
932:
Carnock House is described; MacGibbon & Ross, (1887), ii, 490-496; RCAHMS
1137:
1125:
890:
586:
571:
544:
540:
290:. A double portrait of Mary and James of 1583 was made for this negotiation.
252:
232:
192:
191:
Drummond did not have an opportunity to carry out these works. His successor
127:
62:
58:
563:
Margaret Drummond, daughter of Agnes Kirkcaldy, married Alexander Erskine,
244:
212:
196:
84:
330:
294:
160:
156:
152:
148:
66:
398:
381:
258:
Robert Drummond's inventory of repairs of May 1583 makes provision for
202:
623:
Aonghus Mackechnie, 'James VI's architects and their architecture',
207:
1056:
Genealogical Memoir of the Most Noble and Ancient House of Drummond
762:
With Thy Towers High: The Archaeology of Stirling Castle and Palace
65:, his successor as Master of Work who is regarded as a founder of
243:
was also discharged from his place as usher. Robert's son-in-law
535:". After the death of his grandson in 1636, Carnock was sold to
409:, agreed to offer £1,000 as a caution for their good behaviour.
950:(Historic Environment Scotland: Edinburgh, 2017), pp. 7-8, 18-9
567:, her daughter Annabella married Sir John Buchanan of that Ilk.
83:. With Robert's permission, Agnes Kirkcaldy sold a tenement in
54:
79:
Robert's first wife, Agnes (or Margaret), was a sister of Sir
130:, able to forward his family business with Scotland's ruler.
255:
before November 1583, after the fall of the Gowrie Regime.
889:
James Kirk, 'Reformation and Revolution, Kirk and Crown',
789:
Sirling Castle Palace, Archaeology and Historical Research
512:
Whose life demonstrated he loved them more than any other.
401:
to Edinburgh, William Drummond shot at him with a pistol.
655:
Memoirs and adventures of Sir William Kirkcaldy of Grange
126:
made in 1575 suggest that Robert had some influence with
515:
Where now shall we seek building and estate improvement?
1000:
The Scottish Antiquary: or Northern Notes & Queries
667:
The Scottish Antiquary, or, Northern Notes and Queries,
585:, royal usher, who married Susanna Fowler, daughter of
521:
These gifts, I grant, God lent him more than any other.
416:
and his Stirling townhouse were obtained for a time by
133:
948:
Painted ceilings from 16th and 17th century properties
818:, vol. 2 (Edinburgh, 1880), pp. 419-421: R. S. Mylne,
690:
Julian Goodare, 'Queen Mary's Catholic Interlude', in
118:, is said to have been responsible for the repairs to
176:. Drummond also predicted that a dilapidated part of
988:
Register of the Privy Council of Scotland: 1585-1592
975:
Register of the Privy Council of Scotland: 1585-1592
22:Watercolour of Carnock House from Herbert Maxwell,
692:Mary Stewart Queen in Three Kingdoms: Innes Review
878:The Early Life of James VI, A Long Apprenticeship
341:and the front door of the house are displayed at
284:Association of Mary, Queen of Scots, and James VI
1135:
476:Quha with him straiv to polish, build or plante?
231:In 1582 Robert's eldest son Patrick Drummond of
114:"Dominus Drummond", as he is referred to in the
470:Quhais lyf furthsheu he lude thame by the laiv.
99:, in 1565. He had fought for Darnley's father,
72:Alexander Drummond had been a supporter of the
977:, vol. 4 (Edinburgh, 1881), pp. 95-6, 98, 153.
479:These giftis I grant god lent him by the Laiv.
345:. The oak beams from the ceiling, retained by
777:, vol. 1 (Edinburgh, 1957), pp. 310-314, 310.
669:vol. 10 no. 39 (Edinburgh, 1896), pp. 99-100.
599:Edward Drummond, son of Marjorie Elphinstone.
518:Who with him strive to adorn, build or plant?
464:This Realme may reu that he is gone to grave.
506:This Realm may rue that he is gone to grave.
501:All knows this true, who noble CARNOCK knew.
459:All knoues this treu, who noble Carnok kneu.
1045:, vol. 9 (Edinburgh, 1966), p. 101 no. 691.
698:, vol. 2 (Edinburgh, 1900), p. 161 no. 181.
509:All buildings brave bid Drummond now adieu,
489:Stay Passenger thy mind, thy foot, thy eye,
467:All buildings brave bids DROMMOND nou adeu;
308:
946:Michael Bath, Anne Crone, Michael Pearce,
447:Stay Passinger thy Mynd, thy futt, thy ee,
867:, vol. 1 (Edinburgh: HMSO, 1957), p. 311.
836:Calendar State Papers Scotland: 1581-1583
832:Register of the Privy Council of Scotland
473:Quhair sall we craiv sik policie to haiv?
1149:Masters of work to the Crown of Scotland
791:(Historic Scotland, 2008), pp. 20, 52-53
602:Agnes Drummond, married James Lockhart,
498:Since learned to die to live again anew
312:
206:
203:The "Association" and the Ruthven Regime
17:
1116:Master of Work to the Crown of Scotland
919:The coal agreement can be found in the
880:(Edinburgh: John Donald, 2023), p. 205.
495:Who left but few, behind him such as he
453:Quha left bot feu, behind him sik as he
353:, perhaps following the English author
35:Master of Work to the Crown of Scotland
1136:
749:Master Masons to the Crown of Scotland
642:Notices of the Local Records of Dysart
235:feuar of Carnock, was involved in the
49:Robert Drummond was the eldest son of
787:Dennis Gallagher & Gordon Ewart,
760:Gordon Ewart & Dennis Gallagher,
679:Register of Privy Council of Scotland
492:Vouchsafe a while his epitaph to view
456:Syn leirnd to de to live agane aneu.
343:Stirling Smith Museum and Art Gallery
199:and some repairs at Stirling Castle.
1169:Renaissance architecture in Scotland
842:(Routledge: Abingdon, 2017), p. 171.
834:, vol. 3 (Edinburgh, 1880), p. 648:
262:, or perhaps the potential bride of
134:Surveying the Scottish royal palaces
990:, vol. 4 (Edinburgh, 1881), p. 229.
910:, vol. 1 (Edinburgh, 1894), p. 134.
805:, vol. 1 (Edinburgh, 1957), p. 311.
681:, vol. 1 (Edinburgh, 1877), p. 140.
101:Matthew Stewart, 4th Earl of Lennox
61:, neighbouring Broich, the home of
13:
1094:thesis, MPhil by research, (2010).
1078:
764:(Historic Scotland, 2015), p. 146.
581:John Drummond of Slipperfield and
450:Vouchsaif a we his Epitaph to vieu
14:
1185:
1032:, vol. 52 (2009), pp. 79-115, 82.
964:(Edinburgh, 1893), pp. xii, lxxi.
723:Annals of Dunfermline 1501 - 1601
696:Calendar of State Papers Scotland
631:(East Linton, 2000), pp. 154-169.
923:, RD1, volume 8, folios 228-229.
439:title by his grandson, the poet
1061:
1048:
1035:
1018:
1005:
993:
980:
967:
954:
939:
936:vol. 2 (Edinburgh, 1963), 380-1
926:
913:
900:
883:
870:
865:Accounts of the Masters of Work
858:
845:
825:
808:
803:Accounts of the Masters of Work
795:
780:
775:Accounts of the Masters of Work
767:
754:
741:
591:William Drummond of Hawthornden
441:William Drummond of Hawthornden
728:
716:
708:Calendar State Papers Scotland
701:
684:
672:
660:
647:
644:, (Maitland Club, 1853), p. 6.
634:
617:
358:library compiled by his tutor
31:Sir Robert Drummond of Carnock
1:
921:National Archives of Scotland
610:
589:, and was father of the poet
543:family, holders of the title
391:
347:Historic Environment Scotland
89:Robert Barton of Over Barnton
1159:16th-century Scottish people
1058:(Edinburgh, 1808), pp. 32-3.
1002:, vol.8, no.29 (1893), p. 36
853:National Records of Scotland
736:National Records of Scotland
565:Commendator of Cambuskenneth
559:Robert's children included:
249:Commendator of Cambuskenneth
7:
1071:(Edinburgh, 1882), lxxviii.
1069:History of the Chapel Royal
1026:Alexander Montgomeie, Poems
1013:Alexander Montgomeie, Poems
822:, (Edinburgh, 1893), p. 60.
554:
81:William Kirkcaldy of Grange
10:
1190:
1043:Register of the Privy Seal
694:, vol. 37 (1987), p. 158:
429:
335:Sissinghurst Castle Garden
301:on 27 April 1584 with the
97:Henry Stuart, Lord Darnley
1174:People of Stirling Castle
1122:
1113:
1100:
908:Calendar of Border Papers
297:into exile in England at
39:James Hamilton of Finnart
1109:John Scrimgeour of Myres
1087:, Retrieved 9 June 2007.
840:James VI and Noble Power
816:The Red Book of Menteith
309:Family, estate, and coal
174:baptism of Prince Henry
44:
897:(London, 1991), p. 85.
483:(modernised spelling)
339:Painted ceiling boards
324:General Register House
318:
276:
228:
189:
169:
27:
1030:Architectural History
725:Retrieved 9 June 2007
640:Muir, William,. ed.,
629:The Reign of James VI
627:& Michael Lynch,
549:Nova Scotia baronetcy
436:Alexander Montgomerie
316:
293:Drummond crossed the
268:
211:A double portrait at
210:
182:
145:
116:Annals of Dunfermline
21:
1092:University of Dundee
1024:David J. Parkinson,
1011:David J. Parkinson,
570:Patrick Drummond of
351:Gaius Musonius Rufus
260:Mary, Queen of Scots
217:Mary, Queen of Scots
109:Glasgow Muir in 1544
1144:Scottish architects
1085:Drummond of Carnock
962:Library of James VI
712:Register Privy Seal
372:Nicolson of Carnock
305:and his followers.
1041:Gordon Donaldson,
895:Scotland Revisited
855:E22/6 f97r, f133v.
533:Lady with the Ring
319:
229:
51:Alexander Drummond
28:
1132:
1131:
1123:Succeeded by
1105:William MacDowall
529:Scottish folklore
426:He died in 1592.
405:, Commendator of
364:Mary I of England
280:Queen Elizabeth I
178:Linlithgow Palace
120:Dunfermline Abbey
1181:
1101:Preceded by
1098:
1097:
1072:
1067:Charles Rogers,
1065:
1059:
1052:
1046:
1039:
1033:
1022:
1016:
1009:
1003:
997:
991:
984:
978:
971:
965:
958:
952:
943:
937:
930:
924:
917:
911:
904:
898:
887:
881:
876:Steven J. Reid,
874:
868:
862:
856:
849:
843:
829:
823:
814:William Fraser,
812:
806:
799:
793:
784:
778:
771:
765:
758:
752:
745:
739:
738:, NRS GD17/18/1.
732:
726:
720:
714:
705:
699:
688:
682:
676:
670:
664:
658:
651:
645:
638:
632:
621:
576:battle of Alford
545:Baron of Carnock
539:a member of the
380:, filmed as the
93:Lord Elphinstone
33:(died 1592) was
24:Scottish Gardens
1189:
1188:
1184:
1183:
1182:
1180:
1179:
1178:
1164:Drummond family
1134:
1133:
1128:
1119:
1111:
1081:
1079:Further reading
1076:
1075:
1066:
1062:
1053:
1049:
1040:
1036:
1023:
1019:
1010:
1006:
998:
994:
985:
981:
972:
968:
959:
955:
944:
940:
931:
927:
918:
914:
905:
901:
888:
884:
875:
871:
863:
859:
850:
846:
830:
826:
813:
809:
800:
796:
785:
781:
772:
768:
759:
755:
746:
742:
733:
729:
721:
717:
706:
702:
689:
685:
677:
673:
665:
661:
652:
648:
639:
635:
622:
618:
613:
557:
537:Thomas Nicolson
432:
394:
355:William Baldwin
311:
272:
271:
205:
186:
185:
165:
164:
159:, and Guddy to
141:Stirling Castle
136:
47:
12:
11:
5:
1187:
1177:
1176:
1171:
1166:
1161:
1156:
1151:
1146:
1130:
1129:
1124:
1121:
1112:
1102:
1096:
1095:
1088:
1080:
1077:
1074:
1073:
1060:
1047:
1034:
1017:
1004:
992:
986:David Masson,
979:
973:David Masson,
966:
960:G. F. Warner,
953:
938:
925:
912:
899:
882:
869:
857:
844:
824:
807:
794:
779:
766:
753:
751:(1893), p. 54.
740:
727:
715:
700:
683:
671:
659:
646:
633:
625:Julian Goodare
615:
614:
612:
609:
608:
607:
604:younger of Lee
600:
597:
594:
579:
568:
556:
553:
525:
524:
523:
522:
519:
516:
513:
510:
507:
504:
503:
502:
496:
493:
490:
481:
480:
477:
474:
471:
468:
465:
462:
461:
460:
454:
451:
448:
431:
428:
403:James Drummond
393:
390:
378:Midhope Castle
326:in Edinburgh.
310:
307:
227:" with her son
204:
201:
135:
132:
46:
43:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
1186:
1175:
1172:
1170:
1167:
1165:
1162:
1160:
1157:
1155:
1152:
1150:
1147:
1145:
1142:
1141:
1139:
1127:
1126:William Schaw
1118:
1117:
1110:
1106:
1099:
1093:
1089:
1086:
1083:
1082:
1070:
1064:
1057:
1051:
1044:
1038:
1031:
1027:
1021:
1014:
1008:
1001:
996:
989:
983:
976:
970:
963:
957:
951:
949:
942:
935:
934:Stirlingshire
929:
922:
916:
909:
906:Joseph Bain,
903:
896:
892:
891:Jenny Wormald
886:
879:
873:
866:
861:
854:
848:
841:
837:
833:
828:
821:
820:Master Masons
817:
811:
804:
801:Henry Paton,
798:
792:
790:
783:
776:
773:Henry Paton,
770:
763:
757:
750:
747:R. S. Mylne,
744:
737:
731:
724:
719:
713:
709:
704:
697:
693:
687:
680:
675:
668:
663:
656:
650:
643:
637:
630:
626:
620:
616:
605:
601:
598:
595:
592:
588:
587:Janet Fockart
584:
580:
577:
573:
569:
566:
562:
561:
560:
552:
550:
546:
542:
541:Clan Nicolson
538:
534:
530:
520:
517:
514:
511:
508:
505:
500:
499:
497:
494:
491:
488:
487:
486:
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484:
478:
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472:
469:
466:
463:
458:
457:
455:
452:
449:
446:
445:
444:
442:
437:
427:
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421:
419:
415:
410:
408:
404:
400:
389:
387:
383:
379:
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373:
369:
365:
361:
356:
352:
348:
344:
340:
336:
332:
327:
325:
315:
306:
304:
303:Earl of Angus
300:
296:
291:
289:
285:
281:
275:
267:
265:
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253:William Schaw
250:
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193:William Schaw
188:
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74:Earl of Angus
70:
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63:William Schaw
60:
59:Stirlingshire
56:
52:
42:
40:
36:
32:
25:
20:
16:
1114:
1068:
1063:
1055:
1054:D. Malcolm,
1050:
1042:
1037:
1029:
1025:
1020:
1012:
1007:
999:
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987:
982:
974:
969:
961:
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928:
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902:
894:
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877:
872:
864:
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847:
839:
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831:
827:
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797:
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782:
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730:
718:
711:
707:
703:
695:
691:
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649:
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636:
628:
619:
558:
526:
482:
433:
425:
422:
411:
395:
376:
328:
320:
292:
277:
269:
257:
245:Adam Erskine
237:Ruthven Raid
230:
213:Blair Castle
197:Doune Castle
190:
183:
170:
146:
137:
115:
113:
105:Regent Arran
78:
71:
48:
30:
29:
23:
15:
1154:1592 deaths
583:Hawthornden
414:Bannockburn
384:setting in
368:Nova Scotia
360:Peter Young
331:1914-18 war
299:Wark Castle
241:Hawthornden
225:association
67:Freemasonry
1138:Categories
1120:1579–1583
653:J. Grant,
611:References
418:Lord Doune
407:Inchaffray
399:Kirkliston
392:Later life
382:Lallybroch
161:Lochlomwnd
103:, against
434:The poet
386:Outlander
282:for the "
124:Riccarton
41:had it."
657:, p.366.
555:Children
370:arms of
288:James VI
264:James VI
221:James VI
430:Epitaph
572:Monzie
233:Monzie
157:Allone
149:Forthe
85:Dysart
55:Kippen
26:(1908)
295:Tweed
274:loft.
153:Teyth
1107:(2)
1103:(1)
734:See
547:, a
219:and
45:Life
527:In
215:of
107:at
1140::
893:,
710::
551:.
443:.
420:.
374:.
362:.
337:.
247:,
155:,
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111:.
69:.
57:,
606:.
593:.
578:.
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