38:
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Recently
Axelrod has consulted and lectured on promoting cooperation and harnessing complexity for the United Nations, the World Bank, the U.S. Department of Defense, and various organizations serving health care professionals, business leaders, and K–12 educators.
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227:(especially agent-based modeling), international security, and cyber security. His research includes innovative approaches to explaining conflict of interest, the
5873:
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from the
National Academy of Sciences. He is also a faculty affiliate of the Science, Technology, and Public Policy (STPP) Program at the University of Michigan
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681:"Remarks by the President at National Medals of Science and National Medals of Technology and Innovation Award Ceremony"
603:
5888:
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252:
184:
531:
Axelrod, Robert (April 1997). "The dissemination of culture: a model with local convergence and global polarization".
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702:
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of norms, how game theory is used to study cooperation, and cross-disciplinary studies on evolutionary processes.
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263:
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Atran, Scott; Axelrod, Robert; Davis, Richard (2007-08-24). "Sacred
Barriers to Conflict Resolution".
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Axelrod, Robert; Atran, S, Davis, R (2007) Sacred
Barriers to Conflict Resolution, Science (317)
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297:(APSA) for the 2006–2007 term. He focused his term on the theme of interdisciplinarity.
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Axelrod, Robert; Hamilton, William D. (27 March 1981). "The evolution of cooperation".
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The
Complexity of Cooperation: Agent-Based Models of Competition and Collaboration
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where he has been since 1974. He is best known for his interdisciplinary work on
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1995:
1987:
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1103:
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339:
Conflict of interest: a theory of divergent goals with applications to politics
249:
Conflict of interest: a theory of divergent goals with applications to politics
171:
135:
Conflict of
Interest: A Theory of Divergent Goals with Applications to Politics
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1974:
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1170:
967:
755:
641:"NAS Award for Behavior Research Relevant to the Prevention of Nuclear War"
309:
280:
NAS Award for
Behavioral Research Relevant to the Prevention of Nuclear War
274:
for an outstanding contribution to science. He was elected a Fellow of the
37:
523:
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5609:
5129:
5121:
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4245:
4126:
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2190:
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2005:
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3308:
3203:
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1961:
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1221:
105:
5803:
3295:
3065:
1415:
803:
228:
3103:
667:"Robert Axelrod | Science, Technology and Public Policy (STPP)"
807:
72:
243:
in 1964. In 1969, he received his Ph.D. in political science from
19:
This article is about the political scientist. For the actor, see
68:
471:
Passion for
Cooperation: Adventures of a Wide-Ranging Scientist
128:
367:
Structure of
Decision: The Cognitive Map of Political Elites
316:. On May 28, 2015, he was awarded an honorary doctorate by
5884:
Members of the United States
National Academy of Sciences
300:
In May 2006, Axelrod was awarded an honorary degree by
5834:
Fellows of the American Academy of Arts and Sciences
272:
American Association for the Advancement of Sciences
278:in 1985. In 1990 Axelrod was awarded the inaugural
239:Axelrod received his B.A. in mathematics from the
336:
258:Among his honors and awards are membership in the
819:
715:
441:Axelrod, Robert; Cohen, Michael D. (2001-08-02).
5879:Yale Graduate School of Arts and Sciences alumni
5815:
3104:Mathematical, statistical, and computer sciences
493:
5874:Gerald R. Ford School of Public Policy faculty
643:. National Academy of Sciences. Archived from
5531:
4546:
789:
440:
600:American Political Scientists: A Dictionary
598:Glenn H. Utter, and Charles Lockhart, eds.
211:. He is Professor of Political Science and
5859:University of California, Berkeley faculty
5538:
5524:
4553:
4539:
796:
782:
36:
5844:American international relations scholars
729:
633:
427:(Revised ed.), Perseus Books Group,
223:. His current research interests include
2513:
5548:Johan Skytte Prize in Political Science
1083:
805:United States National Medal of Science
621:. American Academy of Arts and Sciences
616:"Book of Members, 1780–2010: Chapter A"
530:
468:
422:
402:
382:
364:
334:
306:Johan Skytte Prize in Political Science
5816:
4563:American Political Science Association
295:American Political Science Association
284:Gerald R. Ford School of Public Policy
5519:
4534:
3633:
3632:
3102:
2512:
2026:
1082:
818:
777:
276:American Academy of Arts and Sciences
608:
487:
207:(born May 27, 1943) is an American
13:
673:
253:University of California, Berkeley
185:University of California, Berkeley
14:
5900:
4774:Benjamin F. Shambaugh (1929–1930)
703:"Ten to receive honorary degrees"
293:Axelrod was the President of the
5802:
4831:Charles Grove Haines (1938–1939)
473:, University of Michigan Press,
5018:C. Herman Pritchett (1963–1964)
4593:Frederick N. Judson (1906–1907)
323:
5869:University of Michigan faculty
5005:Charles S. Hyneman (1961–1962)
4818:Thomas Reed Powell (1936–1937)
709:
695:
659:
592:
575:Evolutionarily stable strategy
533:Journal of Conflict Resolution
409:, Princeton University Press,
369:, Princeton University Press,
304:. In 2013, he was awarded the
1:
5829:American political scientists
5412:G. Bingham Powell (2011–2012)
4857:Robert E. Cushman (1942–1943)
4800:Walter J. Shepard (1933–1934)
2027:
820:Behavioral and social science
585:
5864:University of Chicago alumni
4955:Charles McKinley (1954–1955)
4891:Henry R. Spencer (1947–1948)
4836:Robert C. Brooks (1939–1940)
4805:Francis W. Coker (1934–1935)
425:The Evolution of Cooperation
386:The Evolution of Cooperation
260:National Academy of Sciences
234:
221:the evolution of cooperation
16:American political scientist
7:
5089:Avery Leiserson (1973–1974)
4761:Jesse S. Reeves (1927–1928)
563:
545:10.1177/0022002797041002001
10:
5905:
5479:Janet M. Box-Steffensmeier
5433:Rodney E. Hero (2014–2015)
5084:Robert E. Ward (1972–1973)
4984:R. Taylor Cole (1958–1959)
4969:Elmer Eric Schattschneider
3708:Subrahmanyan Chandrasekhar
264:MacArthur Prize Fellowship
18:
5889:Jefferson Science Fellows
5800:
5554:
5316:
5105:
4915:
4737:
4703:William Archibald Dunning
4569:
4470:
4319:
4168:
3989:
3795:
3643:
3639:
3628:
3562:
3464:
3353:
3264:
3185:
3113:
3109:
3098:
3055:
2964:
2856:
2747:
2683:William Hayward Pickering
2628:
2523:
2519:
2508:
2434:
2326:
2180:
2056:
2037:
2033:
2022:
1933:
1742:
1556:
1374:
1230:
1093:
1089:
1078:
1035:
976:
888:
848:
829:
825:
814:
602:(2nd ed. 2002) pp 11–14,
314:National Medal of Science
312:presented Axelrod with a
198:
177:
167:
157:
152:
142:
127:
104:
99:
95:
89:National Medal of Science
79:
47:
35:
28:
4824:Clarence Addison Dykstra
4132:Norman Foster Ramsey Jr.
3578:S. R. Srinivasa Varadhan
1209:Burrhus Frederic Skinner
469:Axelrod, Robert (2023),
423:Axelrod, Robert (2006),
403:Axelrod, Robert (1997),
383:Axelrod, Robert (1984),
365:Axelrod, Robert (1976),
335:Axelrod, Robert (1970).
328:
255:, from 1968 until 1974.
5839:American game theorists
5079:Heinz Eulau (1971–1972)
4795:Isidor Loeb (1932–1933)
4711:Harry Augustus Garfield
3443:Cathleen Synge Morawetz
1361:George Ledyard Stebbins
1282:James Augustine Shannon
740:10.1126/science.1144241
516:10.1126/science.7466396
268:Newcomb Cleveland Prize
205:Robert Marshall Axelrod
52:Robert Marshall Axelrod
5349:Susanne Hoeber Rudolph
5011:Carl Joachim Friedrich
4727:Charles Edward Merriam
3900:Joseph O. Hirschfelder
3887:Kenneth Sanborn Pitzer
2843:Harry George Drickamer
2789:Hans Wolfgang Liepmann
2463:M. Frederick Hawthorne
2337:John D. Baldeschwieler
1577:Daniel E. Koshland Jr.
1259:Earl W. Sutherland Jr.
247:for a thesis entitled
217:University of Michigan
190:University of Michigan
21:Robert Axelrod (actor)
5674:Philippe C. Schmitter
5162:Seymour Martin Lipset
5114:James MacGregor Burns
4870:John Gaus (1944–1945)
4788:William F. Willoughby
4578:Frank Johnson Goodnow
4491:Sylvester James Gates
3877:William Alfred Fowler
3859:Robert Rathbun Wilson
3672:Robert Burns Woodward
2484:Geraldine L. Richmond
2232:Howard E. Simmons Jr.
1515:Rosalyn Sussman Yalow
1444:Vernon B. Mountcastle
1300:Sterling B. Hendricks
1117:Marshall W. Nirenberg
1112:Theodosius Dobzhansky
960:William Julius Wilson
444:Harnessing Complexity
308:. In 2014, President
302:Georgetown University
241:University of Chicago
119:University of Chicago
5766:Peter J. Katzenstein
5389:Peter J. Katzenstein
5202:Samuel P. Huntington
4940:E. Pendleton Herring
4780:Edward Samuel Corwin
4719:James Wilford Garner
4639:Westel W. Willoughby
4631:Albert Bushnell Hart
4462:Warren M. Washington
4426:Fay Ajzenberg-Selove
4335:Jeremiah P. Ostriker
4280:Martin Schwarzschild
4061:Solomon J. Buchsbaum
4053:J. Robert Schrieffer
4023:E. Margaret Burbidge
3867:Nicolaas Bloembergen
3844:Arie Jan Haagen-Smit
3723:Vladimir K. Zworykin
3475:John Griggs Thompson
3398:Martin David Kruskal
3238:Kurt Otto Friedrichs
2711:Erwin Wilhelm Müller
2665:Ralph Brazelton Peck
2620:Jack St. Clair Kilby
2547:John Robinson Pierce
2514:Engineering sciences
2445:Jacqueline K. Barton
2300:George M. Whitesides
2219:Dudley R. Herschbach
2157:Richard B. Bernstein
2126:Walter H. Stockmayer
1674:Elizabeth F. Neufeld
1605:G. Evelyn Hutchinson
1495:Stanley Norman Cohen
1482:Rita Levi-Montalcini
1318:Keith Roberts Porter
1181:Alfred H. Sturtevant
1176:Michael Heidelberger
1148:Fritz Albert Lipmann
5586:Alexander L. George
5439:Jennifer Hochschild
5381:Dianne Pinderhughes
5154:Charles E. Lindblom
4687:Paul Samuel Reinsch
4512:Shirley Ann Jackson
4431:Charles P. Slichter
4275:Marshall Rosenbluth
4267:Wallace S. Broecker
4220:Eugene M. Shoemaker
3981:Victor F. Weisskopf
3928:Herbert S. Gutowsky
3910:Edgar Bright Wilson
3751:George Kistiakowsky
3369:Stephen Cole Kleene
2880:George H. Heilmeier
2867:Mildred Dresselhaus
2758:Edward H. Heinemann
2688:Frederick E. Terman
2652:Richard T. Whitcomb
2573:Clarence L. Johnson
2534:Theodore von Kármán
2421:Stephen J. Benkovic
2400:Mostafa A. El-Sayed
2387:Marvin H. Caruthers
2342:Ralph F. Hirschmann
2282:Darleane C. Hoffman
2172:Harden M. McConnell
2113:Frank H. Westheimer
1925:Stanley B. Prusiner
1889:Robert J. Lefkowitz
1648:Howard Martin Temin
1505:Maurice R. Hilleman
1500:Joseph L. Goldstein
1439:Donald A. Henderson
1356:Earl Reece Stadtman
1341:Elizabeth C. Crosby
1305:Orville Alvin Vogel
1135:Donald D. Van Slyke
1084:Biological sciences
724:(5841): 1039–1040.
508:1981Sci...211.1390A
502:(4489): 1390–1396.
343:. Markham Pub. Co.
251:. He taught at the
209:political scientist
100:Academic background
5546:Recipients of the
4990:Carl Brent Swisher
4811:Arthur N. Holcombe
4647:John Bassett Moore
4607:A. Lawrence Lowell
4561:Presidents of the
4384:G. Brent Dalrymple
4202:Arthur L. Schawlow
4109:James A. Van Allen
4000:Philip W. Anderson
3956:Richard P. Feynman
3882:Linus Carl Pauling
3517:Dennis P. Sullivan
3074:John B. Goodenough
3007:Edwin N. Lightfoot
2975:Yuan-Cheng B. Fung
2956:Kenneth N. Stevens
2724:Raymond D. Mindlin
2647:Harold E. Edgerton
2492:A. Paul Alivisatos
2371:Stephen J. Lippard
2350:Ernest R. Davidson
2287:Harold S. Johnston
2121:William S. Johnson
2085:George C. Pimentel
1920:Susan L. Lindquist
1902:Francis S. Collins
1796:Victor A. McKusick
1771:Francisco J. Ayala
1753:Nancy C. Andreasen
1703:Robert A. Weinberg
1477:Har Gobind Khorana
1462:Michael E. DeBakey
1449:George Emil Palade
1421:Wendell L. Roelofs
1411:Howard L. Bachrach
1241:Barbara McClintock
1143:Edward F. Knipling
580:Prisoner's dilemma
318:Harvard University
84:Johan Skytte Prize
5854:MacArthur Fellows
5811:
5810:
5513:
5512:
4623:Simeon E. Baldwin
4528:
4527:
4524:
4523:
4520:
4519:
4457:Esther M. Conwell
4397:Robert N. Clayton
4389:Riccardo Giacconi
4353:Raymond Davis Jr.
4241:Albert Overhauser
4184:Edwin M. McMillan
4145:Arnold O. Beckman
4122:Paul Ching-Wu Chu
4099:Paul C. Lauterbur
4076:Robert Hofstadter
4028:Maurice Goldhaber
4015:Charles H. Townes
3966:Edward M. Purcell
3933:Frederick Rossini
3787:Wolfgang Panofsky
3718:John H. Van Vleck
3634:Physical sciences
3624:
3623:
3620:
3619:
3586:Solomon W. Golomb
3546:Andrew J. Viterbi
3541:Leonard Kleinrock
3488:Calyampudi R. Rao
3456:Ronald R. Coifman
3364:George F. Carrier
3345:Donald C. Spencer
3340:Saunders Mac Lane
3275:Marshall H. Stone
3225:Shiing-Shen Chern
3132:Solomon Lefschetz
3094:
3093:
3090:
3089:
3031:David J. Wineland
2999:John M. Prausnitz
2940:C. Kumar N. Patel
2935:James L. Flanagan
2903:John Roy Whinnery
2890:H. Guyford Stever
2872:Nick Holonyak Jr.
2835:George W. Housner
2830:Willis M. Hawkins
2825:Daniel C. Drucker
2807:Robert Byron Bird
2799:Bernard M. Oliver
2706:Peter C. Goldmark
2693:Wernher von Braun
2639:George E. Mueller
2612:Nathan M. Newmark
2607:J. Presper Eckert
2586:Claude E. Shannon
2555:Charles S. Draper
2504:
2503:
2500:
2499:
2471:Judith P. Klinman
2355:Gábor A. Somorjai
2266:Isabella L. Karle
2253:George S. Hammond
2214:Gertrude B. Elion
2167:Rudolph A. Marcus
2018:
2017:
2014:
2013:
1944:Ralph L. Brinster
1863:Torsten N. Wiesel
1840:Norman E. Borlaug
1827:Solomon H. Snyder
1822:J. Michael Bishop
1781:Mario R. Capecchi
1661:Salome G. Waelsch
1592:E. Donnall Thomas
1467:Theodor O. Diener
1366:Paul Alfred Weiss
1194:Bernard B. Brodie
1130:George G. Simpson
1074:
1073:
1070:
1069:
1019:Michael I. Posner
920:Eleanor J. Gibson
872:George J. Stigler
840:Neal Elgar Miller
454:978-0-465-00550-5
434:978-0-465-00564-2
416:978-0-691-01567-5
396:978-0-465-02122-2
376:978-0-691-10050-0
225:complexity theory
202:
201:
162:Political science
5896:
5806:
5794:Martha Finnemore
5788:
5782:Robert E. Goodin
5780:
5772:
5764:
5756:
5748:
5740:
5732:
5726:Francis Fukuyama
5724:
5716:
5708:
5700:
5690:Ronald Inglehart
5688:
5680:
5672:
5664:
5656:
5650:Robert D. Putnam
5648:
5640:
5632:
5624:
5616:
5608:
5602:Fritz W. Scharpf
5600:
5592:
5584:
5576:
5568:
5560:
5540:
5533:
5526:
5517:
5516:
5506:
5498:
5490:
5482:
5474:
5471:Paula D. McClain
5466:
5458:
5450:
5442:
5434:
5429:
5421:
5413:
5408:
5400:
5392:
5384:
5376:
5368:
5360:
5352:
5344:
5336:
5333:Robert D. Putnam
5328:
5309:
5301:
5293:
5290:M. Kent Jennings
5285:
5277:
5269:
5261:
5258:Charles O. Jones
5253:
5245:
5237:
5234:Theodore J. Lowi
5229:
5226:Judith N. Shklar
5221:
5213:
5205:
5197:
5189:
5181:
5173:
5170:William H. Riker
5165:
5157:
5149:
5141:
5133:
5125:
5117:
5098:
5095:J. Austin Ranney
5090:
5085:
5080:
5075:
5067:
5059:
5051:
5043:
5035:
5027:
5019:
5014:
5006:
5001:
4993:
4985:
4980:
4972:
4964:
4956:
4951:
4943:
4935:
4927:
4924:Peter H. Odegard
4908:
4905:James K. Pollock
4900:
4892:
4887:
4879:
4871:
4866:
4863:Leonard D. White
4858:
4853:
4850:William Anderson
4845:
4837:
4832:
4827:
4819:
4814:
4806:
4801:
4796:
4791:
4783:
4775:
4770:
4762:
4757:
4754:William B. Munro
4749:
4746:Charles A. Beard
4730:
4722:
4714:
4706:
4698:
4695:Leo Stanton Rowe
4690:
4682:
4679:Henry Jones Ford
4674:
4666:
4658:
4650:
4642:
4634:
4626:
4618:
4610:
4602:
4594:
4589:
4581:
4555:
4548:
4541:
4532:
4531:
4340:Gilbert F. White
4285:George Wetherill
4179:Allan M. Cormack
4137:Jack Steinberger
4117:D. Allan Bromley
4066:H. Richard Crane
4043:Frederick Reines
4033:Helmut Landsberg
3948:George Uhlenbeck
3849:Vladimir Haensel
3811:Allan R. Sandage
3782:Herbert C. Brown
3764:Herbert Friedman
3690:Leon M. Lederman
3662:Julian Schwinger
3641:
3640:
3630:
3629:
3599:Alexandre Chorin
3573:Richard A. Tapia
3554:David B. Mumford
3382:Alberto Calderón
3327:Joseph B. Keller
3314:Michael Freedman
3283:Herman Goldstine
3137:H. Marston Morse
3111:
3110:
3100:
3099:
3039:Rudolf E. Kálmán
3023:Robert S. Langer
3015:Jan D. Achenbach
2848:Herbert E. Grier
2599:Igor I. Sikorsky
2560:Othmar H. Ammann
2521:
2520:
2510:
2509:
2476:Jerrold Meinwald
2245:Norman Hackerman
2224:Glenn T. Seaborg
2139:William O. Baker
2067:F. Albert Cotton
2035:
2034:
2024:
2023:
2001:Mary-Claire King
1894:Bert W. O'Malley
1850:Thomas E. Starzl
1845:Phillip A. Sharp
1832:Charles Yanofsky
1814:Evelyn M. Witkin
1809:James E. Darnell
1635:Paul C. Zamecnik
1600:Mary Ellen Avery
1572:Herbert W. Boyer
1567:Baruj Benacerraf
1538:Joshua Lederberg
1528:Viktor Hamburger
1490:Michael S. Brown
1336:Robert H. Burris
1091:
1090:
1080:
1079:
1027:Mortimer Mishkin
952:William K. Estes
936:Roger N. Shepard
928:Robert K. Merton
912:George A. Miller
859:Herbert A. Simon
827:
826:
816:
815:
798:
791:
784:
775:
774:
768:
767:
733:
713:
707:
706:
699:
693:
692:
690:
688:
677:
671:
670:
663:
657:
656:
654:
652:
637:
631:
630:
628:
626:
620:
612:
606:
596:
556:
527:
488:Journal articles
483:
465:
463:
461:
437:
419:
399:
379:
361:
359:
357:
342:
143:Doctoral advisor
65:
61:
59:
40:
26:
25:
5904:
5903:
5899:
5898:
5897:
5895:
5894:
5893:
5814:
5813:
5812:
5807:
5798:
5790:Alexander Wendt
5786:
5778:
5774:David D. Laitin
5770:
5762:
5754:
5750:Jane Mansbridge
5746:
5738:
5730:
5722:
5714:
5706:
5698:
5686:
5682:Adam Przeworski
5678:
5670:
5662:
5654:
5646:
5638:
5630:
5622:
5614:
5606:
5598:
5590:
5582:
5574:
5566:
5558:
5550:
5544:
5514:
5509:
5501:
5493:
5485:
5477:
5469:
5461:
5455:Kathleen Thelen
5453:
5445:
5437:
5432:
5424:
5418:Jane Mansbridge
5416:
5411:
5403:
5395:
5387:
5379:
5371:
5363:
5355:
5347:
5339:
5331:
5323:
5312:
5304:
5296:
5288:
5280:
5272:
5264:
5256:
5248:
5242:James Q. Wilson
5240:
5232:
5224:
5216:
5208:
5200:
5194:Aaron Wildavsky
5192:
5184:
5178:Philip Converse
5176:
5168:
5160:
5152:
5144:
5136:
5128:
5120:
5112:
5101:
5093:
5088:
5083:
5078:
5070:
5062:
5054:
5046:
5038:
5030:
5022:
5017:
5009:
5004:
4998:Emmette Redford
4996:
4988:
4983:
4975:
4967:
4961:Harold Lasswell
4959:
4954:
4946:
4938:
4930:
4922:
4911:
4903:
4895:
4890:
4884:Arthur MacMahon
4882:
4874:
4869:
4861:
4856:
4848:
4842:Frederic A. Ogg
4840:
4835:
4830:
4822:
4817:
4809:
4804:
4799:
4794:
4786:
4778:
4773:
4767:John A. Fairlie
4765:
4760:
4752:
4744:
4733:
4725:
4717:
4709:
4701:
4693:
4685:
4677:
4669:
4661:
4653:
4645:
4637:
4629:
4621:
4613:
4605:
4597:
4592:
4584:
4576:
4565:
4559:
4529:
4516:
4504:Sean C. Solomon
4466:
4418:Daniel Kleppner
4410:Lonnie Thompson
4405:Ralph A. Alpher
4371:W. Jason Morgan
4358:Charles Keeling
4348:Marvin L. Cohen
4315:
4298:John N. Bahcall
4293:Don L. Anderson
4259:Peter Goldreich
4212:Steven Weinberg
4164:
4094:Walter Elsasser
4071:Herman Feshbach
3985:
3923:Samuel Goudsmit
3915:Chien-Shiung Wu
3854:Frederick Seitz
3821:John A. Wheeler
3806:Robert H. Dicke
3791:
3654:Luis W. Alvarez
3635:
3616:
3604:David Blackwell
3558:
3509:Carl R. de Boor
3480:Karen Uhlenbeck
3460:
3414:Louis Nirenberg
3349:
3322:Ralph E. Gomory
3260:
3256:Donald E. Knuth
3243:Hassler Whitney
3181:
3105:
3086:
3051:
2983:Andreas Acrivos
2960:
2948:Eli Ruckenstein
2927:Hermann A. Haus
2898:Calvin F. Quate
2885:Luna B. Leopold
2852:
2743:
2729:Robert N. Noyce
2719:Emmett N. Leith
2678:Manson Benedict
2660:Rudolf Kompfner
2624:
2578:Warren K. Lewis
2515:
2496:
2430:
2392:Peter B. Dervan
2363:John I. Brauman
2322:
2274:Norman Davidson
2201:John D. Roberts
2176:
2144:Konrad E. Bloch
2090:Richard N. Zare
2052:
2029:
2010:
1967:Sallie Chisholm
1949:Rudolf Jaenisch
1929:
1912:J. Craig Venter
1871:Rita R. Colwell
1738:
1724:David Baltimore
1615:Robert W. Kates
1587:David G. Nathan
1582:Edward B. Lewis
1552:
1548:Harland G. Wood
1543:Roger W. Sperry
1398:Glenn W. Burton
1370:
1346:Arthur Kornberg
1313:Roger Guillemin
1290:Hallowell Davis
1254:Daniel I. Arnon
1246:Albert B. Sabin
1226:
1199:Detlev W. Bronk
1171:Harry F. Harlow
1166:Kenneth S. Cole
1153:William C. Rose
1125:Francis P. Rous
1085:
1066:
1031:
1011:Gordon H. Bower
972:
968:Robert M. Solow
884:
880:Milton Friedman
844:
821:
810:
802:
772:
771:
731:10.1.1.394.7878
714:
710:
705:. May 28, 2015.
701:
700:
696:
686:
684:
679:
678:
674:
665:
664:
660:
650:
648:
639:
638:
634:
624:
622:
618:
614:
613:
609:
597:
593:
588:
566:
490:
481:
459:
457:
455:
447:. Basic Books.
435:
417:
397:
389:, Basic Books,
377:
355:
353:
351:
331:
326:
245:Yale University
237:
194:
123:
114:Yale University
87:
75:
66:
63:
57:
55:
54:
53:
43:
42:Axelrod in 2019
31:
24:
17:
12:
11:
5:
5902:
5892:
5891:
5886:
5881:
5876:
5871:
5866:
5861:
5856:
5851:
5846:
5841:
5836:
5831:
5826:
5809:
5808:
5801:
5799:
5797:
5796:
5784:
5776:
5768:
5760:
5752:
5744:
5736:
5728:
5720:
5712:
5710:Robert Axelrod
5704:
5702:Carole Pateman
5696:
5684:
5676:
5668:
5666:Rein Taagepera
5660:
5652:
5644:
5642:Robert Keohane
5636:
5628:
5620:
5612:
5604:
5596:
5588:
5580:
5578:Arend Lijphart
5572:
5570:Juan José Linz
5564:
5562:Robert A. Dahl
5555:
5552:
5551:
5543:
5542:
5535:
5528:
5520:
5511:
5510:
5508:
5507:
5505:(2023–present)
5503:Mark E. Warren
5499:
5491:
5483:
5475:
5467:
5459:
5451:
5443:
5435:
5430:
5422:
5414:
5409:
5405:Carole Pateman
5401:
5397:Henry E. Brady
5393:
5385:
5377:
5373:Robert Axelrod
5369:
5365:Ira Katznelson
5361:
5353:
5345:
5337:
5329:
5320:
5318:
5314:
5313:
5311:
5310:
5306:Robert Keohane
5302:
5298:Matthew Holden
5294:
5286:
5278:
5274:Arend Lijphart
5270:
5262:
5254:
5246:
5238:
5230:
5222:
5214:
5206:
5198:
5190:
5182:
5174:
5166:
5158:
5150:
5142:
5134:
5126:
5118:
5109:
5107:
5103:
5102:
5100:
5099:
5091:
5086:
5081:
5076:
5072:Robert E. Lane
5068:
5060:
5052:
5044:
5040:Robert A. Dahl
5036:
5032:Gabriel Almond
5028:
5020:
5015:
5007:
5002:
4994:
4986:
4981:
4973:
4965:
4957:
4952:
4944:
4936:
4928:
4919:
4917:
4913:
4912:
4910:
4909:
4901:
4893:
4888:
4880:
4876:Walter F. Dodd
4872:
4867:
4859:
4854:
4846:
4838:
4833:
4828:
4820:
4815:
4807:
4802:
4797:
4792:
4784:
4776:
4771:
4763:
4758:
4750:
4741:
4739:
4735:
4734:
4732:
4731:
4723:
4715:
4707:
4699:
4691:
4683:
4675:
4667:
4659:
4651:
4643:
4635:
4627:
4619:
4615:Woodrow Wilson
4611:
4603:
4595:
4590:
4582:
4573:
4571:
4567:
4566:
4558:
4557:
4550:
4543:
4535:
4526:
4525:
4522:
4521:
4518:
4517:
4515:
4514:
4509:
4506:
4501:
4499:Burton Richter
4496:
4493:
4488:
4483:
4478:
4474:
4472:
4468:
4467:
4465:
4464:
4459:
4454:
4452:Yakir Aharonov
4449:
4446:
4441:
4436:
4433:
4428:
4423:
4420:
4415:
4412:
4407:
4402:
4399:
4394:
4391:
4386:
4381:
4378:
4373:
4368:
4366:Richard Garwin
4363:
4360:
4355:
4350:
4345:
4342:
4337:
4332:
4330:Willis E. Lamb
4327:
4323:
4321:
4317:
4316:
4314:
4313:
4308:
4303:
4300:
4295:
4290:
4287:
4282:
4277:
4272:
4269:
4264:
4261:
4256:
4251:
4248:
4243:
4238:
4235:
4230:
4225:
4222:
4217:
4214:
4209:
4204:
4199:
4196:
4191:
4186:
4181:
4176:
4172:
4170:
4166:
4165:
4163:
4162:
4157:
4152:
4147:
4142:
4139:
4134:
4129:
4124:
4119:
4114:
4111:
4106:
4101:
4096:
4091:
4089:Philip Abelson
4086:
4083:
4081:Chen-Ning Yang
4078:
4073:
4068:
4063:
4058:
4055:
4050:
4048:Bruno B. Rossi
4045:
4040:
4035:
4030:
4025:
4020:
4017:
4012:
4007:
4005:Yoichiro Nambu
4002:
3997:
3993:
3991:
3987:
3986:
3984:
3983:
3978:
3973:
3968:
3963:
3958:
3953:
3950:
3945:
3940:
3935:
3930:
3925:
3920:
3917:
3912:
3907:
3902:
3897:
3892:
3889:
3884:
3879:
3874:
3869:
3864:
3861:
3856:
3851:
3846:
3841:
3836:
3831:
3828:
3823:
3818:
3816:John C. Slater
3813:
3808:
3803:
3799:
3797:
3793:
3792:
3790:
3789:
3784:
3779:
3776:
3771:
3766:
3761:
3756:
3753:
3748:
3743:
3738:
3733:
3728:
3725:
3720:
3715:
3710:
3705:
3703:Jacob Bjerknes
3700:
3697:
3692:
3687:
3682:
3677:
3674:
3669:
3664:
3659:
3656:
3651:
3647:
3645:
3637:
3636:
3626:
3625:
3622:
3621:
3618:
3617:
3615:
3614:
3609:
3606:
3601:
3596:
3593:
3588:
3583:
3580:
3575:
3570:
3566:
3564:
3560:
3559:
3557:
3556:
3551:
3548:
3543:
3538:
3535:
3530:
3527:
3522:
3519:
3514:
3511:
3506:
3503:
3501:James G. Glimm
3498:
3495:
3493:Elias M. Stein
3490:
3485:
3482:
3477:
3472:
3468:
3466:
3462:
3461:
3459:
3458:
3453:
3448:
3445:
3440:
3437:
3435:Shing-Tung Yau
3432:
3429:
3424:
3419:
3416:
3411:
3408:
3403:
3400:
3395:
3392:
3387:
3384:
3379:
3376:
3371:
3366:
3361:
3357:
3355:
3351:
3350:
3348:
3347:
3342:
3337:
3332:
3329:
3324:
3319:
3316:
3311:
3306:
3303:
3301:Antoni Zygmund
3298:
3293:
3290:
3288:Isadore Singer
3285:
3280:
3277:
3272:
3268:
3266:
3262:
3261:
3259:
3258:
3253:
3251:Joseph L. Doob
3248:
3245:
3240:
3235:
3232:
3230:George Dantzig
3227:
3222:
3220:John W. Backus
3217:
3214:
3209:
3206:
3201:
3198:
3196:Richard Brauer
3193:
3189:
3187:
3183:
3182:
3180:
3179:
3177:William Feller
3174:
3171:
3166:
3163:
3158:
3155:
3150:
3147:
3142:
3139:
3134:
3129:
3126:
3124:Norbert Wiener
3121:
3117:
3115:
3107:
3106:
3096:
3095:
3092:
3091:
3088:
3087:
3085:
3084:
3082:Thomas Kailath
3079:
3076:
3071:
3068:
3063:
3059:
3057:
3053:
3052:
3050:
3049:
3044:
3041:
3036:
3033:
3028:
3025:
3020:
3017:
3012:
3009:
3004:
3001:
2996:
2993:
2988:
2985:
2980:
2977:
2972:
2968:
2966:
2962:
2961:
2959:
2958:
2953:
2950:
2945:
2942:
2937:
2932:
2929:
2924:
2921:
2916:
2913:
2908:
2905:
2900:
2895:
2892:
2887:
2882:
2877:
2874:
2869:
2864:
2860:
2858:
2854:
2853:
2851:
2850:
2845:
2840:
2837:
2832:
2827:
2822:
2819:
2814:
2812:H. Bolton Seed
2809:
2804:
2801:
2796:
2791:
2786:
2783:
2778:
2773:
2768:
2765:
2763:Donald L. Katz
2760:
2755:
2751:
2749:
2745:
2744:
2742:
2741:
2736:
2734:Earl R. Parker
2731:
2726:
2721:
2716:
2713:
2708:
2703:
2698:
2695:
2690:
2685:
2680:
2675:
2672:
2667:
2662:
2657:
2654:
2649:
2644:
2641:
2636:
2632:
2630:
2626:
2625:
2623:
2622:
2617:
2614:
2609:
2604:
2601:
2596:
2591:
2588:
2583:
2580:
2575:
2570:
2568:Hugh L. Dryden
2565:
2562:
2557:
2552:
2549:
2544:
2539:
2536:
2531:
2527:
2525:
2517:
2516:
2506:
2505:
2502:
2501:
2498:
2497:
2495:
2494:
2489:
2486:
2481:
2478:
2473:
2468:
2465:
2460:
2455:
2452:
2450:Peter J. Stang
2447:
2442:
2438:
2436:
2432:
2431:
2429:
2428:
2426:Marye Anne Fox
2423:
2418:
2415:
2410:
2405:
2402:
2397:
2394:
2389:
2384:
2381:
2379:Tobin J. Marks
2376:
2373:
2368:
2365:
2360:
2357:
2352:
2347:
2344:
2339:
2334:
2330:
2328:
2324:
2323:
2321:
2320:
2315:
2310:
2308:Stuart A. Rice
2305:
2302:
2297:
2292:
2289:
2284:
2279:
2276:
2271:
2268:
2263:
2258:
2255:
2250:
2247:
2242:
2240:Donald J. Cram
2237:
2234:
2229:
2226:
2221:
2216:
2211:
2209:Ronald Breslow
2206:
2203:
2198:
2193:
2188:
2184:
2182:
2178:
2177:
2175:
2174:
2169:
2164:
2159:
2154:
2151:
2149:Elias J. Corey
2146:
2141:
2136:
2133:
2128:
2123:
2118:
2115:
2110:
2108:Carl S. Marvel
2105:
2100:
2095:
2092:
2087:
2082:
2080:Roald Hoffmann
2077:
2074:
2069:
2064:
2060:
2058:
2054:
2053:
2051:
2050:
2045:
2041:
2039:
2031:
2030:
2020:
2019:
2016:
2015:
2012:
2011:
2009:
2008:
2003:
1998:
1996:Stanley Falkow
1993:
1990:
1988:Rakesh K. Jain
1985:
1982:
1977:
1972:
1969:
1964:
1959:
1954:
1951:
1946:
1941:
1937:
1935:
1931:
1930:
1928:
1927:
1922:
1917:
1914:
1909:
1904:
1899:
1896:
1891:
1886:
1883:
1878:
1873:
1868:
1865:
1860:
1855:
1852:
1847:
1842:
1837:
1834:
1829:
1824:
1819:
1816:
1811:
1806:
1803:
1798:
1793:
1791:Gene E. Likens
1788:
1783:
1778:
1776:George F. Bass
1773:
1768:
1765:
1760:
1758:Peter H. Raven
1755:
1750:
1746:
1744:
1740:
1739:
1737:
1736:
1731:
1726:
1721:
1718:
1713:
1708:
1705:
1700:
1695:
1692:
1687:
1684:
1682:Alexander Rich
1679:
1676:
1671:
1666:
1663:
1658:
1656:Daniel Nathans
1653:
1650:
1645:
1640:
1637:
1632:
1630:Folke K. Skoog
1627:
1622:
1620:Salvador Luria
1617:
1612:
1610:Elvin A. Kabat
1607:
1602:
1597:
1594:
1589:
1584:
1579:
1574:
1569:
1564:
1560:
1558:
1554:
1553:
1551:
1550:
1545:
1540:
1535:
1530:
1525:
1523:Katherine Esau
1520:
1517:
1512:
1510:Eric R. Kandel
1507:
1502:
1497:
1492:
1487:
1484:
1479:
1474:
1469:
1464:
1459:
1456:
1454:Joan A. Steitz
1451:
1446:
1441:
1436:
1431:
1428:
1426:Berta Scharrer
1423:
1418:
1413:
1408:
1405:
1400:
1395:
1393:Seymour Benzer
1390:
1387:
1385:Philip Handler
1382:
1378:
1376:
1372:
1371:
1369:
1368:
1363:
1358:
1353:
1348:
1343:
1338:
1333:
1330:
1325:
1320:
1315:
1310:
1307:
1302:
1297:
1292:
1287:
1284:
1279:
1274:
1272:Erwin Chargaff
1269:
1267:Britton Chance
1264:
1261:
1256:
1251:
1248:
1243:
1238:
1234:
1232:
1228:
1227:
1225:
1224:
1219:
1217:Robert Huebner
1214:
1211:
1206:
1201:
1196:
1191:
1186:
1183:
1178:
1173:
1168:
1163:
1160:
1155:
1150:
1145:
1140:
1137:
1132:
1127:
1122:
1119:
1114:
1109:
1106:
1104:C. B. van Niel
1101:
1097:
1095:
1087:
1086:
1076:
1075:
1072:
1071:
1068:
1067:
1065:
1064:
1062:Albert Bandura
1059:
1056:
1054:Robert Axelrod
1051:
1048:
1043:
1039:
1037:
1033:
1032:
1030:
1029:
1024:
1021:
1016:
1013:
1008:
1005:
1000:
997:
995:R. Duncan Luce
992:
989:
984:
980:
978:
974:
973:
971:
970:
965:
962:
957:
954:
949:
946:
944:Paul Samuelson
941:
938:
933:
930:
925:
922:
917:
914:
909:
906:
904:Patrick Suppes
901:
899:Leonid Hurwicz
896:
892:
890:
886:
885:
883:
882:
877:
874:
869:
864:
861:
856:
852:
850:
846:
845:
843:
842:
837:
833:
831:
823:
822:
812:
811:
801:
800:
793:
786:
778:
770:
769:
708:
694:
672:
658:
647:on 4 June 2011
632:
607:
590:
589:
587:
584:
583:
582:
577:
572:
565:
562:
561:
560:
557:
539:(2): 203–226.
528:
489:
486:
485:
484:
479:
466:
453:
438:
433:
420:
415:
400:
395:
380:
375:
362:
349:
330:
327:
325:
322:
262:, a five-year
236:
233:
200:
199:
196:
195:
193:
192:
187:
181:
179:
175:
174:
172:Policy studies
169:
168:Sub-discipline
165:
164:
159:
155:
154:
150:
149:
144:
140:
139:
131:
125:
124:
122:
121:
116:
110:
108:
102:
101:
97:
96:
93:
92:
81:
77:
76:
67:
51:
49:
45:
44:
41:
33:
32:
30:Robert Axelrod
29:
15:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
5901:
5890:
5887:
5885:
5882:
5880:
5877:
5875:
5872:
5870:
5867:
5865:
5862:
5860:
5857:
5855:
5852:
5850:
5849:Living people
5847:
5845:
5842:
5840:
5837:
5835:
5832:
5830:
5827:
5825:
5822:
5821:
5819:
5805:
5795:
5791:
5785:
5783:
5777:
5775:
5769:
5767:
5761:
5759:
5758:Margaret Levi
5753:
5751:
5745:
5743:
5737:
5735:
5729:
5727:
5721:
5719:
5718:David Collier
5713:
5711:
5705:
5703:
5697:
5695:
5691:
5685:
5683:
5677:
5675:
5669:
5667:
5661:
5659:
5658:Theda Skocpol
5653:
5651:
5645:
5643:
5637:
5635:
5629:
5627:
5621:
5619:
5613:
5611:
5605:
5603:
5597:
5595:
5594:Elinor Ostrom
5589:
5587:
5581:
5579:
5573:
5571:
5565:
5563:
5557:
5556:
5553:
5549:
5541:
5536:
5534:
5529:
5527:
5522:
5521:
5518:
5504:
5500:
5496:
5492:
5488:
5487:John Ishiyama
5484:
5480:
5476:
5472:
5468:
5464:
5460:
5456:
5452:
5448:
5447:David A. Lake
5444:
5440:
5436:
5431:
5427:
5423:
5419:
5415:
5410:
5406:
5402:
5398:
5394:
5390:
5386:
5382:
5378:
5374:
5370:
5366:
5362:
5358:
5357:Margaret Levi
5354:
5350:
5346:
5342:
5341:Theda Skocpol
5338:
5334:
5330:
5326:
5325:Robert Jervis
5322:
5321:
5319:
5315:
5307:
5303:
5299:
5295:
5291:
5287:
5283:
5282:Elinor Ostrom
5279:
5275:
5271:
5267:
5263:
5259:
5255:
5251:
5250:Lucius Barker
5247:
5243:
5239:
5235:
5231:
5227:
5223:
5219:
5215:
5211:
5210:Kenneth Waltz
5207:
5203:
5199:
5195:
5191:
5187:
5186:Richard Fenno
5183:
5179:
5175:
5171:
5167:
5163:
5159:
5155:
5151:
5147:
5146:Warren Miller
5143:
5139:
5135:
5131:
5127:
5123:
5119:
5115:
5111:
5110:
5108:
5104:
5096:
5092:
5087:
5082:
5077:
5073:
5069:
5065:
5061:
5057:
5053:
5049:
5048:Merle Fainsod
5045:
5041:
5037:
5033:
5029:
5025:
5021:
5016:
5012:
5008:
5003:
4999:
4995:
4991:
4987:
4982:
4978:
4977:V. O. Key Jr.
4974:
4970:
4966:
4962:
4958:
4953:
4949:
4945:
4941:
4937:
4933:
4932:Luther Gulick
4929:
4925:
4921:
4920:
4918:
4914:
4906:
4902:
4898:
4897:Quincy Wright
4894:
4889:
4885:
4881:
4877:
4873:
4868:
4864:
4860:
4855:
4851:
4847:
4843:
4839:
4834:
4829:
4825:
4821:
4816:
4812:
4808:
4803:
4798:
4793:
4789:
4785:
4781:
4777:
4772:
4768:
4764:
4759:
4755:
4751:
4747:
4743:
4742:
4740:
4736:
4728:
4724:
4720:
4716:
4712:
4708:
4704:
4700:
4696:
4692:
4688:
4684:
4680:
4676:
4672:
4668:
4664:
4660:
4656:
4652:
4648:
4644:
4640:
4636:
4632:
4628:
4624:
4620:
4616:
4612:
4608:
4604:
4600:
4596:
4591:
4587:
4583:
4579:
4575:
4574:
4572:
4568:
4564:
4556:
4551:
4549:
4544:
4542:
4537:
4536:
4533:
4513:
4510:
4507:
4505:
4502:
4500:
4497:
4494:
4492:
4489:
4487:
4484:
4482:
4479:
4476:
4475:
4473:
4469:
4463:
4460:
4458:
4455:
4453:
4450:
4447:
4445:
4444:James E. Gunn
4442:
4440:
4437:
4434:
4432:
4429:
4427:
4424:
4421:
4419:
4416:
4413:
4411:
4408:
4406:
4403:
4400:
4398:
4395:
4392:
4390:
4387:
4385:
4382:
4379:
4377:
4376:Edward Witten
4374:
4372:
4369:
4367:
4364:
4361:
4359:
4356:
4354:
4351:
4349:
4346:
4343:
4341:
4338:
4336:
4333:
4331:
4328:
4325:
4324:
4322:
4318:
4312:
4309:
4307:
4304:
4301:
4299:
4296:
4294:
4291:
4288:
4286:
4283:
4281:
4278:
4276:
4273:
4270:
4268:
4265:
4262:
4260:
4257:
4255:
4252:
4249:
4247:
4244:
4242:
4239:
4236:
4234:
4231:
4229:
4226:
4223:
4221:
4218:
4215:
4213:
4210:
4208:
4205:
4203:
4200:
4197:
4195:
4194:Roger Revelle
4192:
4190:
4187:
4185:
4182:
4180:
4177:
4174:
4173:
4171:
4167:
4161:
4160:Henry Stommel
4158:
4156:
4153:
4151:
4150:Eugene Parker
4148:
4146:
4143:
4140:
4138:
4135:
4133:
4130:
4128:
4125:
4123:
4120:
4118:
4115:
4112:
4110:
4107:
4105:
4102:
4100:
4097:
4095:
4092:
4090:
4087:
4084:
4082:
4079:
4077:
4074:
4072:
4069:
4067:
4064:
4062:
4059:
4056:
4054:
4051:
4049:
4046:
4044:
4041:
4039:
4036:
4034:
4031:
4029:
4026:
4024:
4021:
4018:
4016:
4013:
4011:
4010:Edward Teller
4008:
4006:
4003:
4001:
3998:
3995:
3994:
3992:
3988:
3982:
3979:
3977:
3976:Lyman Spitzer
3974:
3972:
3969:
3967:
3964:
3962:
3959:
3957:
3954:
3951:
3949:
3946:
3944:
3941:
3939:
3936:
3934:
3931:
3929:
3926:
3924:
3921:
3918:
3916:
3913:
3911:
3908:
3906:
3903:
3901:
3898:
3896:
3895:Hans A. Bethe
3893:
3890:
3888:
3885:
3883:
3880:
3878:
3875:
3873:
3870:
3868:
3865:
3862:
3860:
3857:
3855:
3852:
3850:
3847:
3845:
3842:
3840:
3839:Maurice Ewing
3837:
3835:
3834:Carl Djerassi
3832:
3829:
3827:
3826:Saul Winstein
3824:
3822:
3819:
3817:
3814:
3812:
3809:
3807:
3804:
3801:
3800:
3798:
3794:
3788:
3785:
3783:
3780:
3777:
3775:
3774:Eugene Wigner
3772:
3770:
3767:
3765:
3762:
3760:
3759:Paul Bartlett
3757:
3754:
3752:
3749:
3747:
3746:Louis Hammett
3744:
3742:
3741:Gregory Breit
3739:
3737:
3736:Francis Birch
3734:
3732:
3729:
3726:
3724:
3721:
3719:
3716:
3714:
3711:
3709:
3706:
3704:
3701:
3698:
3696:
3695:William Rubey
3693:
3691:
3688:
3686:
3683:
3681:
3678:
3675:
3673:
3670:
3668:
3665:
3663:
3660:
3657:
3655:
3652:
3649:
3648:
3646:
3642:
3638:
3631:
3627:
3613:
3612:Michael Artin
3610:
3607:
3605:
3602:
3600:
3597:
3594:
3592:
3589:
3587:
3584:
3581:
3579:
3576:
3574:
3571:
3568:
3567:
3565:
3561:
3555:
3552:
3549:
3547:
3544:
3542:
3539:
3536:
3534:
3531:
3528:
3526:
3525:Bradley Efron
3523:
3520:
3518:
3515:
3512:
3510:
3507:
3504:
3502:
3499:
3496:
3494:
3491:
3489:
3486:
3483:
3481:
3478:
3476:
3473:
3470:
3469:
3467:
3463:
3457:
3454:
3452:
3451:Felix Browder
3449:
3446:
3444:
3441:
3438:
3436:
3433:
3430:
3428:
3427:Stephen Smale
3425:
3423:
3420:
3417:
3415:
3412:
3409:
3407:
3404:
3401:
3399:
3396:
3393:
3391:
3388:
3385:
3383:
3380:
3377:
3375:
3374:John McCarthy
3372:
3370:
3367:
3365:
3362:
3359:
3358:
3356:
3352:
3346:
3343:
3341:
3338:
3336:
3335:Samuel Karlin
3333:
3330:
3328:
3325:
3323:
3320:
3317:
3315:
3312:
3310:
3307:
3304:
3302:
3299:
3297:
3294:
3291:
3289:
3286:
3284:
3281:
3278:
3276:
3273:
3270:
3269:
3267:
3263:
3257:
3254:
3252:
3249:
3246:
3244:
3241:
3239:
3236:
3233:
3231:
3228:
3226:
3223:
3221:
3218:
3215:
3213:
3210:
3207:
3205:
3202:
3199:
3197:
3194:
3191:
3190:
3188:
3184:
3178:
3175:
3172:
3170:
3167:
3164:
3162:
3159:
3156:
3154:
3151:
3148:
3146:
3145:Oscar Zariski
3143:
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2781:John G. Trump
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2594:Edwin H. Land
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2458:Allen J. Bard
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2413:JoAnne Stubbe
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2408:Joanna Fowler
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2162:Melvin Calvin
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2103:Yuan Tseh Lee
2101:
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2098:Harry B. Gray
2096:
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2072:Gilbert Stork
2070:
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2025:
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2007:
2004:
2002:
1999:
1997:
1994:
1991:
1989:
1986:
1983:
1981:
1980:Bruce Alberts
1978:
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1975:May Berenbaum
1973:
1970:
1968:
1965:
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1881:Lubert Stryer
1879:
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1876:Nina Fedoroff
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1858:Anthony Fauci
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1801:Harold Varmus
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1734:Lynn Margulis
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1729:Jared Diamond
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1669:Thomas Eisner
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1643:Maxine Singer
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1625:Paul A. Marks
1623:
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1434:Stanley Cohen
1432:
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1323:Efraim Racker
1321:
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1298:
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1277:James V. Neel
1275:
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1197:
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1190:
1189:Horace Barker
1187:
1184:
1182:
1179:
1177:
1174:
1172:
1169:
1167:
1164:
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1159:
1158:Sewall Wright
1156:
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1128:
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1063:
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1057:
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1052:
1049:
1047:
1046:Anne Treisman
1044:
1041:
1040:
1038:
1034:
1028:
1025:
1022:
1020:
1017:
1014:
1012:
1009:
1006:
1004:
1003:Kenneth Arrow
1001:
998:
996:
993:
990:
988:
985:
982:
981:
979:
975:
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966:
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961:
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905:
902:
900:
897:
894:
893:
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881:
878:
875:
873:
870:
868:
867:Anne Anastasi
865:
862:
860:
857:
854:
853:
851:
847:
841:
838:
835:
834:
832:
828:
824:
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787:
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761:
757:
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749:
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741:
737:
732:
727:
723:
719:
712:
704:
698:
683:. White House
682:
676:
668:
662:
646:
642:
636:
617:
611:
605:
601:
595:
591:
581:
578:
576:
573:
571:
570:Cognitive map
568:
567:
558:
554:
550:
546:
542:
538:
534:
529:
525:
521:
517:
513:
509:
505:
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497:
492:
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482:
480:9780472903948
476:
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467:
456:
450:
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418:
412:
408:
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398:
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388:
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381:
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372:
368:
363:
352:
350:9780841030206
346:
341:
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333:
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321:
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315:
311:
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298:
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291:
287:
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273:
269:
265:
261:
256:
254:
250:
246:
242:
232:
230:
226:
222:
218:
214:
213:Public Policy
210:
206:
197:
191:
188:
186:
183:
182:
180:
176:
173:
170:
166:
163:
160:
156:
153:Academic work
151:
148:
147:Hayward Alker
145:
141:
137:
136:
132:
130:
126:
120:
117:
115:
112:
111:
109:
107:
103:
98:
94:
90:
85:
82:
78:
74:
70:
64:(age 81)
50:
46:
39:
34:
27:
22:
5709:
5694:Pippa Norris
5634:Jean Blondel
5626:Hanna Pitkin
5618:Sidney Verba
5463:Rogers Smith
5426:John Aldrich
5372:
5317:2000–present
5266:Sidney Verba
5138:Leon Epstein
5064:Karl Deutsch
5056:David Easton
5024:David Truman
4948:Ralph Bunche
4671:Munroe Smith
4655:Ernst Freund
4486:Sandra Faber
4481:Sidney Drell
4311:Leo Kadanoff
4306:James Cronin
4254:Hans Dehmelt
4189:Robert Pound
4155:Robert Sharp
3971:John Sinfelt
3938:Verner Suomi
3905:Lewis Sarett
3769:Lars Onsager
3713:Henry Eyring
3680:John Bardeen
3422:Richard Karp
3390:Allen Newell
3169:Jerzy Neyman
2794:Tung-Yen Lin
2771:Bill Hewlett
2701:Morris Cohen
2295:John W. Cahn
2196:Karl Folkers
1957:Lucy Shapiro
1907:Elaine Fuchs
1786:Ann Graybiel
1716:Janet Rowley
1698:James Watson
1690:Ruth Patrick
1533:Philip Leder
1403:Mildred Cohn
1351:Severo Ochoa
1328:E. O. Wilson
1053:
721:
717:
711:
697:
685:. Retrieved
675:
661:
649:. Retrieved
645:the original
635:
623:. Retrieved
610:
599:
594:
536:
532:
499:
495:
470:
458:. Retrieved
443:
424:
405:
385:
366:
354:. Retrieved
338:
324:Bibliography
310:Barack Obama
299:
292:
288:
257:
248:
238:
204:
203:
178:Institutions
138: (1969)
134:
62:May 27, 1943
5824:1943 births
5742:Amartya Sen
5610:Brian Barry
5497:(2022–2023)
5495:Lisa Martin
5489:(2021–2022)
5481:(2020–2021)
5473:(2019–2020)
5465:(2018–2019)
5457:(2017–2018)
5449:(2016–2017)
5441:(2015–2016)
5428:(2013–2014)
5420:(2012–2013)
5407:(2010–2011)
5399:(2009–2010)
5391:(2008–2009)
5383:(2007–2008)
5375:(2006–2007)
5367:(2005–2006)
5359:(2004–2005)
5351:(2003–2004)
5343:(2002–2003)
5335:(2001–2002)
5327:(2000–2001)
5308:(1999–2000)
5300:(1998–1999)
5292:(1997–1998)
5284:(1996–1997)
5276:(1995–1996)
5268:(1994–1995)
5260:(1993–1994)
5252:(1992–1993)
5244:(1991–1992)
5236:(1990–1991)
5228:(1989–1990)
5220:(1988–1989)
5212:(1987–1988)
5204:(1986–1987)
5196:(1985–1986)
5188:(1984–1985)
5180:(1983–1984)
5172:(1982–1983)
5164:(1981–1982)
5156:(1980–1981)
5148:(1979–1980)
5140:(1978–1979)
5132:(1977–1978)
5130:John Wahlke
5124:(1976–1977)
5122:Samuel Beer
5116:(1975–1976)
5097:(1974–1975)
5074:(1970–1971)
5066:(1969–1970)
5058:(1968–1969)
5050:(1967–1968)
5042:(1966–1967)
5034:(1965–1966)
5026:(1964–1965)
5013:(1962–1963)
5000:(1960–1961)
4992:(1959–1960)
4979:(1957–1958)
4971:(1956–1957)
4963:(1955–1956)
4950:(1953–1954)
4942:(1952–1953)
4934:(1951–1952)
4926:(1950–1951)
4907:(1949–1950)
4899:(1948–1949)
4886:(1946–1947)
4878:(1945–1946)
4865:(1943–1944)
4852:(1941–1942)
4844:(1940–1941)
4826:(1937–1938)
4813:(1935–1936)
4790:(1931–1932)
4782:(1930–1931)
4769:(1928–1929)
4756:(1926–1927)
4748:(1925–1926)
4729:(1924–1925)
4721:(1923–1924)
4713:(1922–1923)
4705:(1921–1922)
4697:(1920–1921)
4689:(1919–1920)
4681:(1918–1919)
4673:(1916–1918)
4665:(1915–1916)
4657:(1914–1915)
4649:(1913–1914)
4641:(1912–1913)
4633:(1911–1912)
4625:(1910–1911)
4617:(1909–1910)
4609:(1908–1909)
4601:(1907–1908)
4599:James Bryce
4588:(1905–1906)
4586:Albert Shaw
4580:(1903–1905)
4439:Berni Alder
4246:Frank Press
4127:Walter Kohn
4104:George Pake
4038:Walter Munk
3961:Herman Mark
3943:Henry Taube
3731:Jesse Beams
3685:Peter Debye
3667:Harold Urey
3591:Barry Mazur
3153:John Milnor
3047:Amnon Yariv
2991:Leo Beranek
2817:Ernst Weber
2670:Abel Wolman
2261:Thomas Cech
2191:Elkan Blout
2131:Max Tishler
2048:Roger Adams
2006:Simon Levin
1472:Harry Eagle
1295:Paul Gyorgy
987:Gary Becker
687:29 December
651:16 February
5818:Categories
5734:Jon Elster
5218:Lucian Pye
4663:Jesse Macy
4233:Vera Rubin
3872:Paul Flory
3533:Hyman Bass
3406:John Cocke
3309:Raoul Bott
3212:Kurt Gödel
3204:John Tukey
3161:Paul Cohen
2776:George Low
2739:Simon Ramo
1962:Leroy Hood
1763:Carl Woese
1711:Bruce Ames
1222:Ernst Mayr
586:References
158:Discipline
106:Alma mater
58:1943-05-27
5106:1975–2000
4916:1950–1975
4738:1925–1950
4570:1903–1925
4228:Val Fitch
3296:Peter Lax
3066:Shu Chien
2313:John Ross
2028:Chemistry
1416:Paul Berg
808:laureates
764:131373222
748:0036-8075
726:CiteSeerX
235:Biography
229:emergence
4207:Ed Stone
1204:Jay Lush
756:17717171
625:28 April
564:See also
553:54639070
460:28 April
356:28 April
73:Illinois
718:Science
524:7466396
504:Bibcode
496:Science
270:of the
215:at the
69:Chicago
762:
754:
746:
728:
604:online
551:
522:
477:
451:
431:
413:
393:
373:
347:
266:, the
129:Thesis
91:(2014)
86:(2013)
80:Awards
4471:2010s
4320:2000s
4169:1990s
3990:1980s
3796:1970s
3644:1960s
3563:2010s
3465:2000s
3354:1990s
3265:1980s
3186:1970s
3114:1960s
3056:2010s
2965:2000s
2857:1990s
2748:1980s
2629:1970s
2524:1960s
2435:2010s
2327:2000s
2181:1990s
2057:1980s
2038:1960s
1934:2010s
1743:2000s
1557:1990s
1375:1980s
1231:1970s
1094:1960s
1036:2010s
977:2000s
889:1990s
849:1980s
830:1960s
760:S2CID
619:(PDF)
549:S2CID
329:Books
5787:2023
5779:2022
5771:2021
5763:2020
5755:2019
5747:2018
5739:2017
5731:2016
5723:2015
5715:2014
5707:2013
5699:2012
5687:2011
5679:2010
5671:2009
5663:2008
5655:2007
5647:2006
5639:2005
5631:2004
5623:2003
5615:2002
5607:2001
5599:2000
5591:1999
5583:1998
5575:1997
5567:1996
5559:1995
4508:2014
4495:2012
4477:2011
4448:2009
4435:2008
4422:2007
4414:2006
4401:2005
4393:2004
4380:2003
4362:2002
4344:2001
4326:2000
4302:1999
4289:1998
4271:1997
4263:1996
4250:1995
4237:1994
4224:1993
4216:1992
4198:1991
4175:1990
4141:1989
4113:1988
4085:1987
4057:1986
4019:1983
3996:1982
3952:1979
3919:1976
3891:1975
3863:1974
3830:1973
3802:1970
3778:1969
3755:1968
3727:1967
3699:1966
3676:1965
3658:1964
3650:1963
3608:2013
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3141:1965
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3078:2012
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2754:1982
2715:1979
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2590:1967
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2538:1963
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2488:2014
2480:2013
2467:2012
2454:2011
2441:2010
2417:2009
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1992:2014
1984:2013
1971:2012
1953:2011
1940:2010
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1596:1991
1563:1990
1519:1989
1486:1988
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1430:1986
1407:1983
1389:1982
1381:1981
1332:1979
1309:1976
1286:1975
1263:1974
1250:1973
1237:1970
1213:1969
1185:1968
1162:1967
1139:1966
1121:1965
1108:1964
1100:1963
1058:2015
1050:2014
1042:2011
1023:2009
1015:2008
1007:2005
999:2004
991:2003
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956:1998
948:1997
940:1996
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924:1994
916:1992
908:1991
895:1990
876:1988
863:1987
855:1986
836:1964
752:PMID
744:ISSN
689:2014
653:2011
627:2011
520:PMID
475:ISBN
462:2012
449:ISBN
429:ISBN
411:ISBN
391:ISBN
371:ISBN
358:2012
345:ISBN
48:Born
736:doi
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541:doi
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