181:, it protects the fundamental rights to Freedom of Expression and Speech under Article 19(1)(a) and Right to Life and Personal Liberty under Article 21 guaranteed by the Constitution. The authorities under RTI Act 2005 are called public authorities. The Public Information Officer (PIO) or the First Appellate Authority in the public authorities perform quasi judicial function of deciding on the application and appeal respectively. This act was enacted in order to consolidate the fundamental right in the Indian constitution 'freedom of speech'. Since RTI is implicit in the Right to Freedom of Speech and Expression under Article 19 of the Indian Constitution, it is an implied fundamental right.
166:. Under the provisions of RTI Act, any citizen of India may request information from a "public authority" (a body of Government or "instrumentality of State") which is required to reply expeditiously or within thirty days. In case of the matter involving a petitioner's life and liberty, the information has to be provided within 48 hours. The Act also requires every public authority to computerise their records for wide dissemination and to proactively publish certain categories of information so that the citizens need minimum recourse to request information formally.
49:
382:(CHRI) data points to over 310 cases across India where people were either attacked, physically or mentally harassed or had their property damaged because of the information they sought under RTI. The data throws up over 50 alleged murders and two suicides that were directly linked with RTI applications filed. R.T.I. Act 2005 applies to both central as well as state governments. It also covers the acts and functionaries of the public authorities.
206:
278:- has been substantially funded indirectly by the Central Government and have the character of public authorities under the RTI Act as they perform public functions. But in August 2013 the government introduced a Right To Information (Amendment) Bill which would remove political parties from the scope of the law. Currently no parties are under the RTI Act and a case has been filed for bringing all political parties under it.
675:
463:
appeals are not typed or not written in
English, or lack an index of the papers attached or a list of date. This bureaucratic barrier, worse for those without access to higher education or information, makes the right to information inaccessible. Many citizens have to seek out NGOs, RTI activists, or lawyers, to file their RTIs.
348:, a gateway to the citizens for quick search of information on the details of first Appellate Authorities, PIOs etc. amongst others, besides access to RTI related information disclosures published on the web by various Public Authorities under the government of India as well as the State Governments. It is an initiative taken by
213:
The Act extends to the whole of India. It covers all the constitutional authorities, including executive, legislature and judiciary; any institution or body established or constituted by an act of
Parliament or a state legislature. It is also defined in the Act that bodies or authorities established
196:
The Right to
Information (Amendment) Bill, 2019, seeks to amend Sections 13, 16, and 27 of the RTI Act. Section 13 of the original Act: It sets the term of the central Chief Information Commissioner and Information Commissioners at five years (or until the age of 65, whichever is earlier). Finally in
77:
An Act to provide for setting out the practical regime of Right to
Information for citizens to secure information under control of public authorities, in order to promote transparency and accountability in the working of every public authority, the constitution of a Central Information Commission and
480:
As per section 24 of the Act, intelligence and security organisations, both central and state, are exempted from the RTI Act except in cases of corruption or human rights violation. Such central organisations are listed in schedule 2 of the Act. The schedule has been amended four times, in
September
444:
banned 10 people from filing RTI queries, citing that these people were "harassing government officials" by filing multiple queries with "malafide intentions". This was the first time in
Gujarat that a ban on filing RTI inquiries took place, noted NGO Mahiti Adhikar Gujarat Pahel, also stating that
286:
The Right to
Information Act 2019 passed on 25 July 2019 modified the terms and conditions of service of the CIC and Information Commissioners at the centre and in states. It had been criticized as watering down the independence of the information commissions, namely by empowering the government to
471:
Many activists view the Right to
Information Act as a final liberation from British colonialism; they describe the RTI law as "a tool for empowering ordinary citizens and changing the culture of governance by making it transparent, less corrupt, participatory, and accountable". They also note that
431:
The Right to
Information Denied by Uttar Pradesh Irrigation Department after more than 8 months of a wait on under construction Gomti Riverfront Development Project. A group of researchers requested for environment Impact and Project Report on the project which is flagged for negative impacts, tax
462:
Many RTIs are rejected because the bureaucratic requirements (including the technocratic language used) of filing are too onerous and legalistic for ordinary citizens. Sixty percent of the RTI appeals made to
Information Commissioners in Delhi are rejected for a variety of reasons, including that
364:
The Right to information in India has been mired with controversies ranging from their use in political battles, asking for educational degrees of political rivals, or cases of blatant refusals to provide information on high-profile projects to allegations of misuse by civil society. The backlash
472:
RTI requests provide strategy and substance for activists on a broad range of social issues, including "land and environmental rights, social security benefits, the working of financial institutions, political party financing reform, civic infrastructure, and even public-private partnerships".
169:
The RTI Bill was passed by Parliament of India on 15 June 2005 and came into force with effect from 12 October 2005. Every day on average, over 4800 RTI applications are filed. In the first ten years of the commencement of the act, over 17,500,000 applications had been filed.
896:
335:
community, he/she need not pay. The applicant may also be required to pay further fee towards the cost of providing the information, details of which shall be intimated to the applicant by the PIO (Public Information Officer) as prescribed by the RTI ACT.
1901:- The Department of Personnel and Training, Ministry of Personnel, Public Grievances, and Pensions, is charged with being the nodal agency for the Right to Information Act, 2005. It has the powers to make rules regarding appeals, fees, etc.
214:
or constituted by order or notification of appropriate government including bodies "owned, controlled or substantially financed" by government, or non-Government organizations "substantially financed, directly or indirectly by funds".
924:
893:
458:
Scholars argue that the Right to Information Act's original intent to make government transparent and accountable is faltering as RTI requests are rejected and the bureaucratic systems are bogged down by thousands of requests.
233:
also reaffirmed that privatised public utility companies fall within the purview of RTI. As of 2014, private institutions and NGOs receiving over 95% of their infrastructure funds from the government come under the Act.
307:
Central Information Commission (CIC) – Chief Information commissioner who heads all the central departments and ministries- with their own public Information officers (PIO)s. CICs are directly under the President of
710:
1519:
1114:
404:
and placing such FIRs before the magistrate or judge of the area within 24 hours for issuance of directions for protection of those under threats and their family members, and periodic review of such protection
1364:
767:
1459:
188:
and various other special laws, which the new RTI Act overrides. Right to Information codifies a fundamental right of the citizens of India. RTI has proven to be very useful, but is counteracted by the
421:
Many civil society members have recently alleged the subversion of the right to information Act by the invocation of Intellectual Property rights argument by the government agencies from time to time.
1549:
1019:
612:
311:
State Information Commissions – State Public Information Officers or SPOs head over all the state department and ministries. The SPIO office is directly under the corresponding State Governor.
946:
295:
Supreme Court of India on 13 November 2019, upheld the decision of the Delhi High Court bringing the office of Chief Justice of India under the purview of the Right to Information (RTI) Act.
1303:
916:
840:
1333:
1720:
741:
702:
1596:
1511:
1104:
1708:
Aniket Aga, and Chitrangada Choudhury. A Dappled Sun: Bureaucratic Encounters in the Working of the Right to Information Act in India. Vol. 38, no. 3, 2019, pp. 540–556.
978:
1356:
763:
331:) or a bankers cheque) or a court stamp payable to the Accounts Officer of the public authority as fee prescribed for seeking information. If the person is from a
1451:
812:
1073:
353:
2024:
1668:
1571:
1541:
246:(CIC) held that the political parties are public authorities and are answerable to citizens under the RTI Act. The CIC said that eight national parties -
1009:
956:
1933:
1489:
1295:
315:
State Information Commissions are independent bodies and Central Information Commission has no jurisdiction over the State Information Commission.
830:
559:
862:
2044:
1895:- New website of the Central Information Commission for filing complaints and appeals arising from use of the Right to Information Act, 2005.
1325:
579:
17:
1811:
1779:
1747:
1692:
Sharma, Aradhana. “State Transparency after the Neoliberal Turn: The Politics, Limits, and Paradoxes of India’s Right to Information Law.”
1889:- The Central Information Commission is empowered to decide complaints and appeals arising from use of the Right to Information Act, 2005.
1210:. Government of India, Ministry of Personnel, Public Grievances & Pensions, Department of Personnel & Training. 28 November 2013.
1050:
1638:
1399:
1990:
1983:
1973:
1717:
163:
733:
1843:
642:
564:
2049:
2003:
1942:
1211:
685:
393:
recommends that a separate chapter, "Protection of those seeking information under the (RTI) Act", be inserted into the Act.
1926:
1193:
986:
646:
504:
441:
379:
349:
190:
323:
A citizen who desires to seek some information from a public authority is required to send, along with the application (a
569:
499:
271:
259:
31:
816:
789:
1081:
607:
590:
539:
386:
374:
1953:
1958:
894:"Changes in RTI Act's privacy clause will allow corrupt babus to escape public scrutiny: Information Commissioner"
197:
Ashwanee K. Singh's case on 20 September 2020, it is stabilised that right to information is a fundamental right.
1978:
1919:
638:
162:
which sets out the rules and procedures regarding citizens' right to access information. It replaced the former
1660:
1429:
243:
230:
1968:
390:
1270:
529:
275:
1892:
2034:
1172:
594:
485:
412:/Assistant Commissioner of Police to be concluded within 90 days and we also use RTI and get its benefit.
174:
1481:
1240:
2039:
534:
490:
255:
1047:
Press Information Bureau, Government of India. Ministry of Personnel, Public Grievances & Pensions
2054:
869:
584:
385:
There is a consensus felt that there is a need to amend the RTI Act to provide for the protection of
185:
1963:
1572:"Gujarat: 10 People Banned From Filing RTI Queries; One of Them Fined Rs 5,000, a First in History"
1542:"Gujarat: 10 People Banned From Filing RTI Queries; One of Them Fined Rs 5,000, a First in History"
641:
was in force in the erstwhile state of Jammu and Kashmir. However, after the revocation of much of
574:
514:
494:
401:
400:
Mandatory, immediate registration of complaints of threats or attacks against RTI activists on the
263:
247:
544:
509:
30:
This article is about the Indian federal law. For freedom of information in other countries, see
1804:
1772:
1740:
1357:"Right to information is misused, but those who do so make up less than 5% of total applicants"
519:
251:
1630:
1395:
1387:
524:
409:
178:
1512:"RBI's refusal to share details under RTI is sheer arrogance, says activist Shailesh Gandhi"
2029:
1042:
428:
The Right to Information denied by RBI on Demonetization citing Intellectual Property Laws.
8:
1911:
1136:
554:
267:
159:
110:
78:
State Information Commissions and for matters connected therewith or incidental thereto.
1836:
225:
831:"J&K people to face immense difficulties in obtaining benefits of Central RTI Act"
1604:
1391:
681:
408:
Conducting inquiry into threats or attacks by a police officer not below the rank of
1204:
1724:
1105:"Centre's decision to bring amendments to RTI Act draws criticism from activists"
900:
835:
1388:"The Right to Information Act: Ten Years of Transparency or Decade of Ambiguity"
48:
2018:
1608:
917:"Private institutions, NGOs now come under RTI Act: Information Commissioner"
332:
1137:"Office of CJI Comes Under RTI Act as Supreme Court Upholds Delhi HC Order"
549:
328:
324:
1296:"Gomti River front Development - Irrigation Department Denied Information"
184:
Information disclosure in India had traditionally been restricted by the
1300:
Gomti River front Development - Irrigation Department Denied Information
620:, the former organisation for right to information among Indian citizens
617:
209:
A receipt for payment of a fee for collecting information under RTI act
68:
368:
1109:
1014:
951:
1898:
1871:
1421:
613:
National Data Sharing and Accessibility Policy – Government of India
445:
no provision in the act allowed for the blacklisting of applicants.
303:
The Right to information in India is governed by two major bodies:
287:
fix the term of service and salaries of information commissioners.
205:
1876:
222:
Private bodies are not within the act's purview. In a decision of
90:
1872:
Right To Information Ministry Websites and their RTI links Search
1262:
1881:
650:
432:
money wastage by environmental scientists and research reports.
365:
against RTI by the state hampered the citizen's right to know.
1452:"Maharashtra tops country in attacks, murder of RTI activists"
1164:
1010:"First-ever amendment to historic RTI Act tabled in Lok Sabha"
863:"Shri Sarbajit Roy vs Delhi Electricity Regulatory Commission"
1326:"PM Modi degree issue: HC stays CIC order on 1978 DU records"
100:
1236:
1074:"Explainer: The Right to Information (Amendment) Bill, 2019"
813:"Explainer: The Right to Information (Amendment) Bill, 2019"
790:"Explainer: The Right to Information (Amendment) Bill, 2019"
1422:"Maharashtra, Gujarat Top in Attacks, Killing of RTI Users"
1941:
1661:"Right to Information: Ailing RTI and trailing governance"
1597:"Over 26,500 appeals, complaints pending with CIC: Centre"
589:
National Security Council Secretariat (secretariat of the
979:"Political parties under RTI: Congress rejects CIC order"
339:
1904:
1886:
703:"1.75 crore RTI applications filed since 2005: Study"
354:
Ministry of Personnel, Public Grievances and Pensions
369:
Attacks on RTI activists and protection suggestions
173:Although Right to Information is not included as a
1102:
560:Directorate General of Income-tax (Investigation)
2016:
1694:PoLAR: Political & Legal Anthropology Review
868:. Central Information Commission. Archived from
436:
416:
947:"Khurshid sounds warning note on R.T.I ruling"
1927:
1877:Complete text of the Right to Information Act
1205:"Guide on the Right to Information Act, 2005"
1043:"Rajya Sabha passes RTI Amendment Bill, 2019"
580:Defence Research and Development Organisation
481:2005, March 2008, October 2008 and May 2021.
1071:
1007:
2025:Freedom of information legislation in India
764:"The Whistle Blowers Protection Bill, 2011"
1934:
1920:
815:. PRS Legislative Research. Archived from
734:"RTI trumps Official Secrets Act, says SC"
47:
1696:, vol. 36, no. 2, Nov. 2013, pp. 308–325.
731:
677:Access to Knowledge: A Guide for Everyone
475:
298:
939:
792:. PRS Legislative Research. 19 July 2019
643:Article 370 of the Constitution of India
565:National Technical Research Organisation
204:
732:Rajagopal, Krishnadas (14 March 2019).
673:
396:Protection measures suggested include:
387:those seeking information under the Act
226:Delhi Electricity Regulatory Commission
14:
2017:
1943:Freedom of information laws by country
1688:
1686:
1165:"FAQ | Central Information Commission"
1008:Subrahmaniam, Vidya (12 August 2013).
985:. Press Trust of India. Archived from
955:. Press Trust of India. Archived from
744:from the original on 10 September 2021
700:
1915:
1704:
1702:
1522:from the original on 11 February 2017
1402:from the original on 15 February 2021
1385:
1367:from the original on 11 February 2017
1336:from the original on 11 February 2017
1306:from the original on 11 February 2017
1290:
1288:
1175:from the original on 11 February 2017
1159:
1157:
1022:from the original on 26 December 2018
927:from the original on 24 December 2016
915:Nayak, N. Dinesh (12 December 2014).
914:
810:
2045:Acts of the Parliament of India 2005
1805:"G.S.R. 726(E) dated 8 October 2008"
1741:"G.S.R. 347 dated 28 September 2005"
1671:from the original on 26 January 2022
1273:from the original on 30 January 2018
1243:from the original on 7 December 2020
1117:from the original on 7 November 2020
647:Union Territory of Jammu and Kashmir
505:Central Economic Intelligence Bureau
453:
442:Gujarat State Information Commission
380:Commonwealth Human Rights Initiative
350:Department of Personnel and Training
340:Digital right to information systems
237:
191:Whistle Blowers Protection Act, 2011
1773:"G.S.R. 235(E) dated 27 March 2008"
1683:
1552:from the original on 28 August 2022
1103:Shoumojit Banerjee (22 July 2019).
1053:from the original on 12 August 2019
843:from the original on 12 August 2019
770:from the original on 16 August 2018
500:Directorate of Revenue Intelligence
24:
1849:from the original on 3 August 2021
1817:from the original on 5 August 2021
1785:from the original on 5 August 2021
1753:from the original on 5 August 2021
1699:
1628:
1354:
1285:
1217:from the original on 12 April 2015
1154:
570:Financial Intelligence Unit, India
344:A digital portal has been set up,
32:Freedom of information legislation
25:
2066:
1865:
1492:from the original on 30 July 2019
1432:from the original on 8 April 2018
713:from the original on 8 April 2018
649:(and also the Union Territory of
608:Attacks on RTI activists in India
540:Central Industrial Security Force
375:Attacks on RTI activists in India
217:
1837:"G.S.R. 319(E) dated 4 May 2021"
1641:from the original on 10 May 2021
1462:from the original on 1 June 2018
701:Sharma, Nidhi (6 October 2016).
639:J&K Right to Information Act
359:
164:Freedom of Information Act, 2002
1905:Right to Information Act Portal
1829:
1797:
1765:
1733:
1711:
1653:
1622:
1589:
1564:
1534:
1504:
1474:
1444:
1414:
1379:
1348:
1318:
1255:
1229:
1197:
1187:
1129:
1096:
1065:
1040:
1034:
1001:
971:
908:
887:
410:Deputy Superintendent of Police
27:Act of the Government of India
1718:Second Schedule of the RTI Act
855:
823:
811:Sinha, Roshni (19 July 2019).
804:
782:
756:
725:
694:
667:
631:
493:including its technical wing,
244:Central Information Commission
231:Central Information Commission
42:Right to Information Act, 2005
13:
1:
2050:Right to Information in India
1072:Roshni Sinha (19 July 2019).
660:
653:) came under the Central Act.
437:Banned people from filing RTI
391:Asian Centre for Human Rights
18:Right to Information Act 2005
1482:"Admin | CauseListReportWeb"
766:. PRS Legislative Research.
530:Central Reserve Police Force
417:Intellectual property rights
281:
7:
680:. Consumers International.
601:
466:
10:
2071:
674:Noronha, Fredrick (2010).
535:Indo-Tibetan Border Police
510:Directorate of Enforcement
491:Research and Analysis Wing
448:
372:
29:
1999:
1949:
1629:TJ, Shalin (1 May 2017).
591:National Security Council
585:Border Roads Organisation
186:Official Secrets Act 1923
140:
132:
124:
116:
106:
96:
86:
63:
58:
46:
41:
1631:"When RTI is Difficult?"
624:
575:Special Protection Group
515:Narcotics Control Bureau
495:Aviation Research Centre
402:First Information Report
200:
545:National Security Guard
318:
291:Supreme Court judgement
59:The Parliament of India
520:Special Frontier Force
476:Exempted organisations
299:Governance and process
210:
1386:Nigam, Shalu (2015).
525:Border Security Force
208:
179:Constitution of India
1518:. 31 December 2016.
152:Right to Information
1723:1 July 2021 at the
1667:. 24 January 2022.
1332:. 24 January 2017.
1302:. 9 December 2016.
983:The Hindu Newspaper
899:27 May 2022 at the
595:Cabinet Secretariat
555:Sashastra Seema Bal
486:Intelligence Bureau
424:Most notable are:
160:Parliament of India
158:) is an act of the
111:Parliament of India
2035:2005 in Indian law
1601:The Economic Times
1456:The Times of India
1355:Gandhi, Shailesh.
1330:The Indian Express
1263:"About RTI Portal"
989:on 27 October 2013
904:The Economic Times
875:on 10 January 2017
839:. 11 August 2019.
707:The Economic Times
211:
97:Territorial extent
91:Act No. 22 of 2005
2040:Politics of India
2012:
2011:
1548:. 9 August 2022.
1084:on 12 August 2019
819:on 5 August 2019.
687:978-0-9566117-4-1
454:Rejection of RTIs
238:Political parties
175:Fundamental Right
148:
147:
16:(Redirected from
2062:
2055:Privacy in India
1936:
1929:
1922:
1913:
1912:
1859:
1858:
1856:
1854:
1848:
1841:
1833:
1827:
1826:
1824:
1822:
1816:
1809:
1801:
1795:
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1648:
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1626:
1620:
1619:
1617:
1615:
1603:. 21 July 2022.
1593:
1587:
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1568:
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1532:
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1486:ciconline.nic.in
1478:
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1437:
1418:
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1322:
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1149:
1147:
1133:
1127:
1126:
1124:
1122:
1100:
1094:
1093:
1091:
1089:
1080:. Archived from
1069:
1063:
1062:
1060:
1058:
1038:
1032:
1031:
1029:
1027:
1005:
999:
998:
996:
994:
975:
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968:
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937:
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934:
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906:
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827:
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780:
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753:
751:
749:
729:
723:
722:
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718:
698:
692:
691:
671:
654:
635:
125:Assented to
51:
39:
38:
21:
2070:
2069:
2065:
2064:
2063:
2061:
2060:
2059:
2015:
2014:
2013:
2008:
1995:
1945:
1940:
1868:
1863:
1862:
1852:
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1846:
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1807:
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1798:
1788:
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1775:
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1766:
1756:
1754:
1750:
1743:
1739:
1738:
1734:
1725:Wayback Machine
1716:
1712:
1707:
1700:
1691:
1684:
1674:
1672:
1659:
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1654:
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1627:
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1294:
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1256:
1246:
1244:
1235:
1234:
1230:
1220:
1218:
1214:
1207:
1203:
1202:
1198:
1192:
1188:
1178:
1176:
1163:
1162:
1155:
1145:
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