605:
539:
397:
310:
470:
Henry crossed over to
Ireland in October 1172 and stayed there for six months, stationing his own men where needed. His rule in Ireland was accepted by both the Gaelic and the Norman lords, and the relationship between him and Richard was restored. Richard, in fact, also agreed to help Henry with the
1267:
James Graves, 'Armorial bearings of
Strongbow', Gentleman's magazine and historical review, ccxvi, 1 (March 1864), 362–3; 'On the arms of Richard de Clare', Gentleman's magazine and historical review, ccxviii, 1 (April 1865), 403–8; ccxvix, 2 (July 1865), 3–11; (August 1865), 207–8;(November 1865),
382:, Dermot's eldest daughter, in marriage, along with the succession to the crown if it was regained. Since Henry II's letter to Dermot was general in nature, Richard wanted to obtain the king's specific consent to travel to Ireland. In 1168 he raised the issue at court and he was granted permission.
627:
claimed was "that of
Strongbow’s son, whom his father had cleft in twain for cowardice in battle", although "no contemporary authors" mention any such tale. Richard de Clare's actual tomb effigy was destroyed when the roof of the Cathedral collapsed in 1562. The effigy was replaced by "Strongbow’s
636:", in 1570. "The larger figure dates from c. 1330, while the smaller is probably late thirteenth- or early fourteenth-century. What is clear is that the present tomb replaced the original. The tomb’s shield is not that of the de Clare family and today remains unidentified".
742:
Aline was born well before her father married Aoife, daughter of Dermot. That both she and her unnamed sister were illegitimate is indicated by the fact that neither inherited anything from their father's great holdings. See: Cokayne,
1281:(Dublin: Hodges, Foster, & Figgis, 1878), p. 66 notes no more than a 'fearful malediction ... pronounced against him by a Bishop of Ferns' citing King's Church History, ii, 622 and Haverty's 'History of Ireland', p. 256.
1268:
551–63 gives the best summary. Stuart
Kinsella summarised the most recent work in a lecture to the conference on 'Monuments and Monumentality in Later Medieval and Early Modern Europe' at Stirling University in August 2011
728:
where the Viking raiders settled, marrying Gaelic women and slightly acculturating to Gaelic customs (such as naming practices, MacGiollamhuire, MacTurkill, etc.), Dublin being the most famous. See: James F. Lydon,
951:
Brut y
Tywysogyon or The Chronicle of the Princes. Peniarth Ms. 20 version, ed. and trans. T. Jones , 65. Richard vabGilbert Stragbow, Brenhinedd y Saeson or The Kings of the Saxons, ed. and trans. T. Jones , p.
463:
and Wales (which he had confiscated) in exchange for the conquered possessions in
Ireland. Richard accepted and surrendered Dublin, Waterford and other fortresses to the English king, only keeping
49:
1377:
582:
276:
Gilbert died in about 1148, and
Richard inherited his father’s possessions when he was roughly 18 years old. It is possible that the title of Earl of Pembroke was never recognized, and in 1154
604:
503:. King Henry II took Richard's possessions for himself and placed a royal official in charge of them, protecting the inheritance of Richard's children. Richard's wife
17:
1150:
A J Otway-Ruthven; Kathleen Hughes, "A History of
Medieval Ireland" (London: Ernest Benn Limited; New York: Barnes & Noble Inc., 1968), p. 48
770:
241:
In reality, Stranghose is probably a different spelling of
Striguil. In the 14th century, the nickname was finally rendered as "Strongbow".
663:
refer to his father, while those to "Strongbow" in
Tintern abbey refer probably to Walter or Anselm Marshall, both of whom died in 1245.
1039:
1415:
588:
515:
258:
207:
144:
455:
to Henry II to appease the king who was growing worried with Richard's increasing power. Henry offered to return Richard's lands in
514:
Richard was first succeeded by his son Gilbert. When Gilbert died, still a minor, the inheritance passed onto Richard's daughter
436:
to join the force; however, a royal messenger arrived to forbid him to go. Richard sailed anyway and ignored the king's wishes.
1360:
250:
188:
154:
892:
862:
836:
791:
523:
211:
1440:
378:
Dermot came to an agreement with Richard: if the latter helped the deposed king in the retaking of Leinster, he could have
942:
Goodrich Castle and the families of Godric Mapson, Monmouth, Clare, Marshall, Montchesney, Valence, Despenser and Talbot
1430:
652:
643:
Richard de Clare was buried in Christ Church Cathedral, Dublin, within sight of the cross according to an eyewitness,
983:
637:
344:
184:
1410:
689:
616:
609:
492:
371:, Dermot tried to rally some forces, but failed. This is when he met Richard De Clare and the other lords of the
122:
1291:
918:
1420:
1242:
176:
1435:
367:, in the autumn, but Henry only sent him a letter and did not offer his military support. On his return to
230:, written between 1300 and 1304 (that means, over 120 years after Richard's death), he was referred to as "
206:
After his son and heir, Gilbert, died childless before 1189, the earldom passed through Richard's daughter
1405:
475:
in 1173 and as a reward he was given his possession of Leinster back. In 1174 he tried to advance into
447:. Richard, in turn, claimed the kingship in the right of his wife. At the same time he sent his uncle,
391:
775:
The Complete Peerage; or, A History of the House of Lords and All its Members from the Earliest Times
328:
1425:
1033:
336:
472:
629:
491:
Richard de Clare died in June 1176 of an infection in either his leg or foot. He was buried in
440:
766:
519:
448:
332:
196:
226:, official documents, with few exceptions, were written in Latin; in the Domesday Exchequer
1400:
1395:
1336:
713:
This may be a mistranscription or mistranslation of "Striguil", see Cognomen section below.
660:
500:
340:
8:
1007:
M.T. Flanagan, 'Clare, Richard fitz Gilbert de, second earl of Pembroke (c. 1130–1176)',
800:
496:
360:
348:
313:
277:
111:
640:"described Strongbow’s tomb astutely as ‘the least authentic and the most remarkable’."
1351:
694:
624:
452:
409:
352:
266:
86:
888:
868:
858:
832:
804:
787:
672:
504:
480:
379:
262:
132:
1367:
684:
567:
270:
254:
168:
538:
826:
648:
647:. There is little evidence to support the tradition that he was buried either in
644:
288:. In fact, Richard’s contemporaries referred to him as "Count Striguil", for his
281:
59:
546:
401:
321:
234:, which translates to "Richard, known as Stranghose, earl of Striguil" (modern
1389:
1028:
880:
777:. Vol. X: Oakham – Richmond (2nd ed.). London: St. Catherine Press.
433:
372:
1279:
Inscriptions on the monuments, mural tablets &c, Christ Church Cathedral
872:
396:
822:
633:
432:
between 1169 and 1170. On 23 August 1170, Richard embarked on his ships at
413:
289:
309:
1032:
656:
620:
527:
285:
223:
511:
rights and possibly held Striguil until the Welsh rebellion of 1184/85.
355:, 15 years prior. In order to recover his kingdom, Dermot embarked from
1043:. Vol. 21 (11th ed.). Cambridge University Press. p. 78.
831:(1st ed.). Berkeley, Los Angeles: University of California Press.
444:
1299:
724:
575:
550:
425:
364:
78:
578:), Richard de Clare married Aoife MacMurrough. Their children were:
183:), was an Anglo-Norman nobleman notable for his leading role in the
592:
293:
235:
172:
623:
is located. Next to it lies a "smaller half-sized monument" which
595:
in 1185 (on the death of her brother) until her own death in 1220.
1092:, ed. R. F. Foster (Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2000), p. 57
560:
Aline de Clare, married William FitzMaurice FitzGerald, baron of
556:
By an unknown mistress, Richard de Clare fathered two daughters:
476:
464:
460:
421:
417:
356:
765:
919:"Richard FitzGilbert, 2nd earl of Pembroke | Anglo-Norman lord"
456:
429:
227:
107:
508:
368:
280:
deprived Richard of the title for siding against his mother,
784:
A Baronial Family in Medieval England: The Clares, 1217-1314
48:
561:
82:
857:(2nd ed.). New Haven; London: Yale University Press.
913:
911:
549:, a romanticised depiction of the union in the ruins of
908:
964:
443:
claimed the kingdom of Leinster in accordance to the
408:
Dermot and Richard raised a large army, commanded by
731:
The Making of Ireland: From Ancient Times to Present
1243:"ARTEFACTS: 'Strongbow's tomb'—nothing to deClare"
232:Ricardus cognomento Stranghose Comes Strugulliae"
1387:
615:Richard de Clare was first interred in Dublin's
518:. Isabel, on the wishes of Henry II and his son
574:On about 26 August 1171, in Reginald's Tower (
257:and his wife, Isabel de Beaumont, daughter of
191:, Richard is commonly known by his nickname,
1236:
1234:
1232:
1230:
1228:
1226:
1220:(Dublin: M.H. Gill & Son, 1878), p. 130
1176:
1174:
733:(London; New York: Routledge, 1998), p. 21.
659:. References to "de Clare" being buried in
18:Richard de Clare, the 2nd Earl of Pembroke
1090:The Oxford Illustrated History of Ireland
589:Isabel de Clare, 4th Countess of Pembroke
145:Isabel de Clare, 4th Countess of Pembroke
27:12th-century Anglo-Norman lord in Ireland
1240:
1223:
1171:
1027:
1023:
1021:
1019:
1017:
970:
781:
769:; Doubleday, H. A.; White, Geoffrey H.;
603:
537:
395:
308:
1009:Oxford Dictionary of National Biography
879:
486:
14:
1388:
1210:
1047:
852:
821:
809:. Vol. I. Oxford: Clarendon Press
583:Gilbert de Clare, 3rd Earl of Pembroke
526:, who became the Earl of Pembroke for
385:
155:Gilbert de Clare, 1st Earl of Pembroke
142:Gilbert de Clare, 3rd Earl of Pembroke
1141:(London: Penguin Group, 1993), p. 126
1014:
799:
666:
533:
439:Dermot died in May 1171, and his son
806:Ireland under the Normans, 1169–1216
359:on 1 August 1166 to ask for help to
543:The Marriage of Strongbow and Aoife
24:
786:, Johns Hopkins University Press,
653:Christ Church Cathedral, Waterford
591:, who became Countess of Pembroke
495:, together with his uncle-in-law,
25:
1452:
1416:Earls of Pembroke (1138 creation)
1317:
1180:Cokayne 1945, Appendix H, p. 103
1011:, Oxford University Press (2004)
638:Marc Marie, Marquis de Bombelles
249:Richard de Clare was the son of
185:Anglo-Norman invasion of Ireland
58:Richard de Clare as depicted by
47:
1284:
1271:
1261:
1218:A compendium of Irish biography
1201:
1192:
1183:
1162:
1153:
1144:
1131:
1122:
1113:
1104:
1095:
1083:
1074:
1065:
1056:
736:
716:
690:The Song of Dermot and the Earl
610:Christ Church Cathedral, Dublin
335:, was deprived of his title by
123:Christ Church Cathedral, Dublin
1241:Kinsella, Stuart (June 2019).
1001:
976:
955:
945:
936:
853:Warren, Wilfred Lewis (2000).
707:
320:) among the other kingdoms of
13:
1:
754:
420:and took the Ostman towns of
304:
269:. Richard also had a sister,
244:
104:20 April 1176 (aged 45 or 46)
902:
416:archers. The army sailed in
167:(1130 – 20 April 1176), 2nd
7:
1441:Lords Lieutenant of Ireland
678:
493:Holy Trinity Church, Dublin
217:
10:
1457:
1034:"Pembroke, Earls of"
782:Altschul, Michael (2019),
759:
657:Dominican priory, Kilkenny
649:St Edan's Cathedral, Ferns
585:, who died a minor in 1185
566:Basilia de Clare, married
392:Norman invasion of Ireland
389:
1431:People from Pembrokeshire
1374:
1365:
1357:
1350:
1343:
1334:
1329:
1324:
1119:Kostick 2013, pp. 142-143
887:. Dublin: O'Brien Press.
599:
522:, was given in spouse to
400:Detail of Strongbow from
299:
296:where he had a fortress.
150:
138:
128:
118:
93:
71:
66:(The Conquest of Ireland)
41:
34:
1207:Cokayne 1945, pp. 358–64
700:
671:The English cider brand
570:, Constable of Leinster.
479:but was defeated in the
1040:Encyclopædia Britannica
923:Encyclopedia Britannica
617:Christ Church Cathedral
200:
1411:Anglo-Normans in Wales
1249:. History Publications
767:Cokayne, George Edward
612:
553:
405:
343:, for having abducted
324:
1421:People from Tonbridge
1062:Orpen 1911, pp. 85–89
823:Warren, Wilfred Lewis
607:
541:
520:Richard the Lionheart
449:Hervey de Montmorency
399:
363:. He met the king in
312:
265:and mistress of King
1337:Justiciar of Ireland
1198:Cokayne 1945, p. 357
1189:Cokayne 1945, p. 356
961:Cokayne 1945, p. 352
801:Orpen, Goddard Henry
747:, X, Appendix H, 103
675:is named after him.
661:Gloucester Cathedral
619:, where a purported
501:Archbishop of Dublin
487:Death and succession
341:High King of Ireland
210:and to her husband,
179:(sometimes known as
177:Justiciar of Ireland
64:Expugnatio Hibernica
1436:Earls of Buckingham
1168:Warren 2000, p. 200
1159:Warren 2000, p. 197
1080:Kostick 2013, p. 94
1071:Warren 1973, p. 114
1053:Warren 1973, p. 193
984:"Clare, Richard de"
771:Scott-Ellis, Thomas
645:Giraldus Cambrensis
628:distant successor,
386:Campaign in Ireland
361:Henry II of England
181:Richard FitzGilbert
1406:Normans in Ireland
1352:Peerage of England
1325:Political offices
1139:A History of Wales
1128:Orpen 1911, p. 184
695:Normans in Ireland
667:In popular culture
625:Richard Stanyhurst
613:
608:Strongbow's tomb,
554:
534:Marriage and issue
410:Raymond FitzGerald
406:
333:Dermot MacMurrough
325:
259:Robert de Beaumont
158:Isabel de Beaumont
1384:
1383:
1375:Succeeded by
1292:"About Strongbow"
1110:Orpen 1911, p. 93
1101:Orpen 1911, p. 91
894:978-1-84717-200-6
864:978-0-300-08474-0
838:978-0-520-02282-9
793:978-1-4214-3617-3
481:battle of Thurles
441:Donal MacMurrough
412:, which included
404:'s painting below
263:Earl of Leicester
162:
161:
133:Aoife MacMurrough
16:(Redirected from
1448:
1378:Gilbert de Clare
1368:Earl of Pembroke
1361:Gilbert de Clare
1358:Preceded by
1322:
1321:
1312:
1311:
1309:
1307:
1298:. Archived from
1296:strongbow.com.au
1288:
1282:
1277:John Finlayson,
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473:revolt in France
349:Tiernan O'Rourke
329:King of Leinster
290:marcher lordship
271:Basilea de Clare
255:Earl of Pembroke
251:Gilbert de Clare
169:Earl of Pembroke
165:Richard de Clare
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1302:on 7 March 2019
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445:Brehon laws
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224:Middle Ages
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