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Rich man and Lazarus

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despised, racked with pain and hunger while he was on earth; but when he died, angels carried his soul to the abode of the just, where he received consolation." However the rich man who when on earth, "led what was apparently a magnificent life. He was esteemed and honoured, surrounded by flatterers, waited on by a host of servants, clad in costly clothes, and he feasted luxuriously every day. But all this magnificence lasted only a short time. He died and was lost for ever, and has been for centuries suffering unspeakable torments."
193:"There was a certain rich man who was clothed in purple and fine linen and fared sumptuously every day. But there was a certain beggar named Lazarus, full of sores, who was laid at his gate, desiring to be fed with the crumbs which fell from the rich man's table. Moreover the dogs came and licked his sores. So it was that the beggar died, and was carried by the angels to Abraham's bosom. The rich man also died and was buried. And being in torments in Hades, he lifted up his eyes and saw Abraham afar off, and Lazarus in his bosom. 196:"Then he cried and said, 'Father Abraham, have mercy on me, and send Lazarus that he may dip the tip of his finger in water and cool my tongue; for I am tormented in this flame.' But Abraham said, 'Son, remember that in your lifetime you received your good things, and likewise Lazarus evil things; but now he is comforted and you are tormented. And besides all this, between us and you there is a great gulf fixed, so that those who want to pass from here to you cannot, nor can those from there pass to us.' 199:"Then he said, 'I beg you therefore, father, that you would send him to my father's house, for I have five brothers, that he may testify to them, lest they also come to this place of torment.' Abraham said to him, 'They have Moses and the prophets; let them hear them.' And he said, 'No, father Abraham; but if one goes to them from the dead, they will repent.' But he said to him, 'If they do not hear Moses and the prophets, neither will they be persuaded though one rise from the dead.' " 3492: 396: 1278:, its knights originally being lepers themselves. According to the modern-day order's official international website, "From its foundation in the 12th century, the members of the Order were dedicated to two ideals: aid to those suffering from the dreadful disease of leprosy and the defense of the Christian faith." Sufferers of leprosy regarded the beggar Lazarus (of Luke 16:19–31) as their patron saint and usually dedicated their hospices to him. 1098: 669: 249: 2124:'It is quite plausible that a version of the Egyptian and Jewish story was current in first-century Palestine and that Jesus would have known it. Thus...he could have borrowed the two motifs from it. On the other hand, he may well have known other stories which used one of both motifs. He could have known the motifs without consciously borrowing them from any one particular story.' Richard Bauckham, 452:. The Rich Man is identified as the Sadducees on similar lines as Cox, noting the Rich Man's wearing of purple and fine linen, priestly dress and identifying his five brothers as the five sons of Annas. Proponents also note that Abraham's statement that "If they hear not Moses and the prophets, neither will they be persuaded, if one rise from the dead." fits the Sadducees' rejection of the 2388:"And he cried it, how he cried it, from the housetops!—the wealth of Dives jostling the want of Lazarus, Trotty Veck's humble dish of tripe made humbler by Sir Joseph Bowley's opulent cheque-book; above all, Scrooge, who, obliged to subscribe to the prisons and the Poor Law, shut his eyes to the conditions of those ghastly institutions,..." The 386:
place where the soul can be and has no peace, and it cannot be corporeal. Therefore it seems to me, this hell is the conscience, which is without faith and without the Word of God, in which the soul is buried and held until the day of judgment, when they are cast down body and soul into the true and real hell. (Church Postil 1522–23)
580:, and is not definitive teaching on the intermediate state for several reasons. Nicene creed denominations of Christianity contend, however, that such views had no supporters or traditions supporting the mortality of the soul in the early years of Christianity and only arose after the end of the Middle Ages. In 2098:,...bears an uncanny resemblance to Luke 16. Unfortunately, the resemblance is so uncanny because the passage is based on Luke 16. The author is not Josephus but the 4th Century Bishop Hippolytus. At some point, a copying error confused the names and the mistake was not discovered until recently.' Steven Cox, ' 492:, and religion was a matter of no consideration with him. His only thought was how to lead a pleasant life, and he neither troubled himself about the future, nor believed in a coming Redeemer. He led a life without prayer, without fear of hell or desire for heaven, a life without grace and without God." 868:
Historically within Christianity, the begging Lazarus of the parable (feast day 21 June) and Lazarus of Bethany (feast day 29 July) have sometimes been conflated, with some churches celebrating a blessing of dogs, associated with the beggar, on 17 December, date previously associated with Lazarus of
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of Damascus, Abraham's servant. In Genesis 15—a foundational covenant text familiar to any first century Jew—God says to Abraham "this man will not be your heir" (Gen 15:4). Perry argues that this is why Lazarus is outside the gates of Abraham's perceived descendant. By inviting Lazarus to Abraham's
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in the Companion Bible cited Lightfoot's comment, and expanded it to include coincidence to lack of belief in the resurrection of the historical Lazarus (John 12:10). Bullinger considered that Luke did not identify the passage as a "parable" because it contains a parody of the view of the afterlife:
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In any case, has used to construct a new story, which as a whole is not the same as any other extant story. ... comparison with the way they function in other stories can help to highlight their function in the parable. In this sense, the parallels and contrasts with the Egyptian and Jewish story
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Therefore we conclude that the bosom of Abraham signifies nothing else than the Word of God, ... the hell here mentioned cannot be the true hell that will begin on the day of judgment. For the corpse of the rich man is without doubt not in hell, but buried in the earth; it must however be a
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are sometimes chanted as the deceased is taken from church to burial, including this supplication: "Chorus angelorum te suscipiat ... et cum Lazaro quondam paupere aeternam habeas requiem" (May the ranks of angels receive you ... and with Lazarus, who was once poor, may you have eternal rest").
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The Catholic German theologian Friedrich Justus Knecht (d. 1921), states that this parable gives "a glimpse of the future state, both for our consolation and as a warning." Because after this life there is "a life where everything is quite different from what it is on earth. Lazarus was poor,
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both treat it as a "parable". Proponents of this view argue that the story of Lazarus and the rich man has much in common with other stories which are agreed-upon parables, both in language and content (e.g. the reversal of fortunes, the use of antithesis, and concern for the poor).
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Supporters of this view point to a key detail in the story: the use of a personal name (Lazarus) not found in any other parable. By contrast, in all of the other parables Jesus refers to a central character by a description, such as "a certain man", "a sower", and so forth.
1166:, is a setting of the dialog between Abraham and the rich man dating to the 1620s. It is notable for its virtuosic text-painting of the flames of hell, as well as being an important example of the "dialog" as a step towards the development of the 1672:"doesn't add anything new to the general folk belief about fortunes being reversed in a future life. If it's a parable, that means once again that we should take it as picture language about something that was going on in Jesus' work" p. 201 422:
Any one may see, how Christ points at the infidelity of the Jews, even after that himself shall have risen again. From whence it is easy to judge what was the design and intention of this parable. (From the Talmud and Hebraica, Volume
1271:. The Order of Saint Lazarus is one of the most ancient of the European orders of chivalry, yet is one of the less-known and less-documented orders. The first mention of the Order of Saint Lazarus in surviving sources dates to 1142. 1018:
contains the lines: 'To say: "I am Lazarus, come from the dead,/Come back to tell you all, I shall tell you all"' in reference to Dives' request to have Beggar Lazarus return from the dead to tell his brothers of his fate.
1007:, Ishmael describes a windswept and cold night from the perspective of Lazarus ("Poor Lazarus, chattering his teeth against the curbstone...") and Dives ("...the privilege of making my own summer with my own coals"). 2300:
For a discussion of the conflation of the Luke 16 Lazarus and the John 11 Lazarus, see R.M. Bredenhof, "Looking for Lazarus: Assigning Meaning to the Poor Man in Luke 16.19–31", New Testament Studies 66 (2020), pp.
1848:"et c'est cet endurcissement que Jésus prédit quand il dit que du moment qu'ils n'écoutent ni Moïse ni les prophÚtes ils n'écouteront pas d'avantage quelqu'un qui viendrait de l'autre monde". Drioux Claude-Joseph 2674: 1646:
For a review of ancient and contemporary interpretations of the name 'Lazarus', see R.M. Bredenhof, "Looking for Lazarus: Assigning Meaning to the Poor Man in Luke 16.19–31", New Testament Studies 66 (2020), pp.
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The story appeared as an English folk song whose oldest written documentation dates from 1557, with the depiction of the afterlife altered to fit Christian tradition. The song was also published as the
937:: "I never see thy face," he says "but I think upon hell-fire and Dives that lived in purple; for there he is in his robes, burning, burning" (III, 3, 30–33). When recalling the death of Falstaff in 1237:
on his 1947 album "Josh White – Ballads And Blues Volume 2". The lyrics contain the recurring refrain "Dip your finger in the water, come and cool my tongue, cause I'm tormented in the flame".
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as well as their disbelief in a resurrection of the dead. This explanation was popularized in France in the 1860s–1890s by its inclusion in the notes of the pictorial Bible of
2017:– When rightly divided, the scriptures support annihilationism; the belief that the wicked will be "destroyed" in the Lake of Fire. – cupofwrath.com. Retrieved 14 July 2014. 1233:
The traditional US gospel song "Dip Your Fingers In The Water" has been recorded in various versions by a number of artists, notably by folk singer and civil rights activist
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See R.M. Bredenhof, Failure and Prospect: Lazarus and the Rich Man (Luke 16:19–31) in the Context of Luke-Acts (LNTS 603; London: Bloomsbury T&T Clark, 2019), pp. 5-10.
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The parable teaches in this particular case that both identity and memory remain after death for the soul of the one in a hell. Most Christians believe in the
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1853 p343 "Many expositors have thought they discovered, in this story, a real history, and referred it to the family of Annas and his son-in-law, Caiaphas,"
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the description of Lazarus in heaven ("into Abraham's bosom") is parodied as "He's in Arthur's bosom, if ever man went to Arthur's bosom." (II. 3, 7–8)
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sent to the leper hospitals to be treated. The order established 'lazar houses' across Europe to care for lepers, and it was well supported by other
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The story was often shown in art, especially carved at the portals of churches, at the foot of which beggars would sit (for example at
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La Capella Ducale; Musica Fiata/Roland Wilson rec. live, 26 October 2007, Hauptkirche St. Nikolai, Hamburg, Germany. DDD CPO 777369-2
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taught that the story was a parable about rich and poor in this life and the details of the afterlife not to be taken literally:
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bosom, Jesus is redefining the nature of the covenant. It also explains why the rich man assumes Lazarus is Abraham's servant.
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to send Lazarus from his bosom to warn the rich man's family from sharing his fate. Abraham replies, "If they do not listen to
3306: 2643:, official international website of the Military and Hospitaller Order of Saint Lazarus of Jerusalem. Retrieved on 2009-09-14. 435:
It is not called a parable because it cites a notable example of the Pharisee's tradition which had been brought from Babylon.
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The Works of the English Poets, from Chaucer to Cowper: Including the Series Edited with Prefaces, Biographical and Critical
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which argues that Lazarus and the rich man is literally true (whilst the language used by them could have been figurative).
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of the righteous, fiery torment for the souls of wicked, and a chasm between them. He equates the fires of Hades with the
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References to Dives and Lazarus are a frequent image in socially conscious fiction of the Victorian period. For example:
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is a Latin paraphrase of the Luke text, set as an oratorio for 2 sopranos, tenor, bass; for private performance in the
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We have in fact one of the cases where the background to the teaching is more probably found in non-biblical sources.
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theologian Simon Perry has argued that the Lazarus of the parable (an abbreviated transcript of "Eleazer") refers to
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Ninety-nine Homilies of S. Thomas Aquinas Upon the Epistles and Gospels for Forty-nine Sundays of the Christian Year
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and others view the story not as a parable, but as an actual event which was related by Jesus to his followers.
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This article is about the parable from the Gospel of Luke. For the account from the Gospel of John, see
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All the People in the Bible: An A-z Guide to the Saints, Scoundrels, and Other Characters in Scripture
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Knecht also reflects on why the rich man was condemned writing: "Because he was a sensual man, an
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There are different views on the historicity and origin of the story of the Rich Man and Lazarus.
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From the History of Artistic Interpretations of the Biblical Story about the Lazarus Resurrection
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Resurrecting Interpretation: Technology, Hermeneutics and the Parable of the Rich Man and Lazarus
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Bottom panel: The rich man's soul is carried off by Satan to Hell; the rich man is tortured in
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and Provence might be indicative of such a conflation. For example, at the west portal of the
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Letters from a Life: The Selected Letters of Benjamin Britten, 1913–1976, Volume 4: 1952–1957
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do not make any direct reference to the story, the introduction to the Oxford edition of the
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and see the story as consistent with it, or even refer to it to establish these doctrines as
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Other Christians consider that this is a parable created by Jesus and told to his followers.
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Steven Cox highlights other elements from Jewish myths that the parable could be mimicking.
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Middle panel: Lazarus' soul is carried to Paradise by two angels; Lazarus in Abraham's bosom
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alludes to the story while insulting his friend Bardolph about his face, comparing it to a
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DECREE on the Celebration of Saints Martha, Mary and Lazarus in the General Roman Calendar
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observes that "Dives and Lazarus lived differently, and their rewards were different."
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A Selection of Shape-note Folk Hymns: From Southern United States Tune Books, 1816–61
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homo quidam erat dives et induebatur purpura et bysso et epulabatur cotidie splendide
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See many other examples in Lightfoot vol. xii. pp. 159–68 (Companion Bible, p. 1488)
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The Early Versions of the New Testament: Their Origin, Transmission, and Limitations
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for "the rich man") is treated as his proper name: Dives. In Italy, the description
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and the Prophets, they will not be convinced even if someone rises from the dead."
2186: 2099: 1365: 160:, the rich man and Lazarus was one of the most frequently illustrated parables in 3440: 3403: 2990: 2968: 2823: 2640: 2549: 2403: 2239: 2193: 2106: 1715: 1683: 1562: 1509: 1475: 1290: 1022: 998: 965: 896: 553: 427: 181: 74: 736:(ca. AD 200) describes Hades with similar details: the bosom of Abraham for the 221: 3495: 3435: 3294: 3195: 3055: 3045: 3040: 3035: 2669: 2252: 1708: 1537: 964:"Between them, and a working woman full of faults, there is a deep gulf set." ( 939: 872: 855: 726: 627: 407: 185: 126: 1588: 1281:
The order was initially founded as a leper hospital outside the city walls of
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Leper Knights: The Order of St. Lazarus of Jerusalem in England, c. 1150–1544
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The story is unique to Luke and is not thought to come from the hypothetical
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is itself thrown into the "lake of fire" after being emptied of the dead.
572:, argue that this is a parable using the framework of Jewish views of the 3361: 3212: 2946: 2362:"Lazar and Dives lyveden diversly, And divers gerdon hadden they therby." 2319:
Stephen Gencarella Olbrys, "Money talks: folklore in the public sphere".
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1980 pp. 12–16 for extended discussion of the Dives and Lazarus imagery.
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La Bible populaire: hist. illustrée de l'Ancien et du Nouveau Testament.
1218:(1939) on this folk song, and also used an arrangement as the hymn tune 479: 3382: 2882: 2514: 1234: 1122: in this section. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed. 986: 693: in this section. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed. 537: 453: 273: in this section. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed. 232: 1274:
The order was originally established to treat the virulent disease of
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The fate of the dead: studies on the Jewish and Christian apocalypses
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The fate of the dead: studies on the Jewish and Christian apocalypses
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Vom reichen Mann und armen Lazarus: eine literargeschichtliche Studie
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The New International Greek Testament Commentary: The Gospel of Luke
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was derived from Jewish stories that had developed from an Egyptian
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The New International Greek Testament Commentary: The Gospel of Luke
248: 2621:(Rochester, NY: Boydell) 2003; Chapter 1 gives the general history. 1564:
The Gothic Image: Religious Art in France of the Thirteenth Century
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Thaten und Lehren Jesu: mit ihrer weltgeschichtlichen Beglaubigung
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Christ that each day, each night, nails there, have mercy on us—
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In the Latin liturgy of the Roman Catholic Church, the words of
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Not Giving Heed to Jewish Fables (2): Abraham in the Underworld
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Not Giving Heed to Jewish Fables (2): Abraham in the Underworld
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Also note: '...a passage from Whiston's edition of Josephus,
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is not actually a name, but instead a word for "rich man",
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The story was frequently told in an elaborated form in the
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CONGREGATIO DE CULTU DIVINO ET DISCIPLINA SACRAMENTORUM
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Companion Bible p. 1489, citing "Lightfoot xii, 159–63"
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in 1940. The poem is dark, full of the disillusions of
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Some Christians believe in the mortality of the soul ("
1240: 373: 1978:"The Rich man and Lazarus and the intermediate state" 841: 480:
Friedrich Justus Knecht: a parable of the future life
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At the feet of the Starved Man hung upon the Cross.
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Legacy in Early Christianity and Medieval tradition
751:In some European countries, the Latin description 651:of the rich and the poor man can be instructive... 439: 399:Illustration of Lazarus at the rich man's gate by 2538:. Oxford University Press (London, 1980), p. 278. 2467:, Second Reissue, Oxford University Press, 2008, 2199:The Christadelphian Tidings of the Kingdom of God 2112:The Christadelphian Tidings of the Kingdom of God 1612:. Translated by Sister Marie Liguori Ewald. 1966. 1082:Under the Rain the sore and the gold are as one. 1042:He scorns them now, but oh they'll suit full well 775:who was clothed in purple and fine linen and who 590: 3823: 2700:. New York: Benziger Brothers. pp. 472–474. 2574:Philip Reed, Mervyn Cooke, and Donald Mitchell, 2005:– Tentmaker Ministries. Retrieved 14 July 2014. 1949:"Irenaeus. Against Heresies: Book II, ch. XXXIV" 1837:The parables of Jesus: explained and illustrated 1774:The parables of Jesus: explained and illustrated 356: 238: 410:(1602–1675) treated the parable as a parody of 3078:Names and titles of Jesus in the New Testament 1629: 1251:The Order of Saint Lazarus of Jerusalem is an 1038:Rich Lazarus! richer in those gems, thy tears, 3522: 2742: 2512: 2502:Arber, Registers of the Company of Stationers 2323:Vol. 116, No. 3 (December 2005), pp. 292-310. 2213:"Against Plato, On the Cause of the Universe" 786:period, treating it as factual rather than a 164:, perhaps because of its vivid account of an 1033:in 1646 entitled, "Upon Lazarus His Tears": 2513:Quiller-Couch, Arthur Thomas, ed. (2001) . 2500:, Part IV, 1886; referring to (inter alia) 2310:Drioux C.J. La Bible populaire. Paris, 1864 2085:, Vol. 8 (New York: Abingdon Press), p. 290 902: 444:The parable has also been interpreted as a 3529: 3515: 3073:New Testament places associated with Jesus 3068:Historical background of the New Testament 2749: 2735: 1916: 1914: 1413: 1411: 1409: 725:Fresco of Lazarus and the Rich Man at the 510:A depiction of the rich man in torment by 391:Lightfoot: a parable against the Pharisees 2599:"Josh White – Ballads And Blues Volume 2" 2441:Benjamin Britten: The spiritual dimension 1816: 1138:Learn how and when to remove this message 709:Learn how and when to remove this message 333:Learn how and when to remove this message 58:Top panel: Lazarus at the rich man's door 3400:Jacob (paternal grandfather per Matthew) 2498:The English and Scottish popular Ballads 2346:The Burlington Magazine for Connoisseurs 1905:A Practical Commentary on Holy Scripture 1900:"The Parable of Dives and Lazarus"  1681: 1473: 1417: 1377:. The rich man was also given the names 854:, "God is my help") also appears in the 808: 720: 505: 394: 215: 175: 3867:Christian saints from the New Testament 2668: 2629: 2627: 1920: 1911: 1785: 1616: 1500: 1406: 1177:" (the wicked rich man) also known as " 180:Detail from the prefatory cycle to the 3824: 2686: 2263:1 (2014 7) 20-29, accessed 2 July 2018 2096:A Discourse to Greeks Concerning Hades 1976:Vann, Jefferson (September 17, 2012). 1160:Dialogus divites Epulonis cum Abrahamo 1044:With the purple he must wear in hell. 3536: 3510: 2730: 2698:Meditations For Every Day In The Year 2693:"The Rich Glutton and Lazarus."  2547: 2348:63 No. 364 (July 1933), pp. 3–5, 8–11 2344:Richard Hamann, "Lazarus in Heaven". 2272: 1861: 495: 53:, illumination from the 11th-century 2675:"Homily II: Dives and Lazarus"  2624: 2313: 1975: 1788:"The Rich Man, Lazarus, and Abraham" 1560: 1120:adding citations to reliable sources 1091: 691:adding citations to reliable sources 662: 271:adding citations to reliable sources 242: 188:leaf M.521 (recto), English c. 1160s 2536:The works of Ralph Vaughan Williams 1886:Friedrich Justus Knecht (In German) 1658:The IVP Bible Background Commentary 1477:The Gospel According to Luke (I-IX) 1421:The Parables of Jesus: A Commentary 1241:Order of Saint Lazarus of Jerusalem 1012:The Love Song of J. Alfred Prufrock 548:") only. This view is held by some 374:Luther: a parable of the conscience 13: 3391:(traditional maternal grandfather) 3385:(traditional maternal grandmother) 2662: 2358:The Summoners's Prologue and Tale 2261:, Humanities & Social Sciences 2169:The Rich Man, Lazarus, and Abraham 1682:Jeremias, Joachim (January 1998). 1474:Fitzmyer, Joseph A. (1995-03-01). 1321:Life of Jesus in the New Testament 1215:Five Variants of Dives and Lazarus 842:Conflation with Lazarus of Bethany 464:Perry: a parable of a new covenant 211: 23:. For the traditional ballad, see 14: 3883: 2705: 2444:, Oxford University Press, 2006, 1963:"E.W. Bullinger on Luke 16:19–31" 1418:Hultgren, Arland J (2002-01-01). 1040:Than Dives in the robes he wears: 875:iconography carved on portals in 595: 27:. For other uses of Lazarus, see 3842:Angelic apparitions in the Bible 3491: 3490: 1897:Friedrich Justus Knecht (1910). 1831:Friedrich Gustav Lisco, (trans. 1768:Friedrich Gustav Lisco, (trans. 1152:Vater Abraham, erbarme dich mein 1096: 794:of lepers. In the 12th century, 667: 247: 44: 3397:(paternal grandfather per Luke) 2656:, The Boydell Press 2003, p. 11 2646: 2611: 2591: 2568: 2541: 2528: 2506: 2487: 2478: 2455: 2432: 2417: 2395: 2382: 2366: 2351: 2338: 2326: 2304: 2294: 2266: 2245: 2233: 2219: 2205: 2179: 2160: 2139: 2118: 2088: 2075: 2062: 2049: 2037: 2020: 2008: 1995: 1969: 1955: 1941: 1921:Barclay, William (1999-02-01). 1890: 1879: 1855: 1842: 1825: 1810: 1794: 1779: 1762: 1748: 1739: 1730: 1721: 1702: 1675: 1662: 1650: 1640: 1602: 1593: 1587:Multiple sources summarized at 1536:18.91), spelled Finees; and in 1393:) in the 3rd and 4th centuries. 1107:needs additional citations for 678:needs additional citations for 529:, an Early Church father, did. 440:A parable against the Sadducees 258:needs additional citations for 148:Along with the parables of the 3101:Quest for the historical Jesus 1581: 1554: 1543: 1526: 1494: 1467: 1438: 1353: 869:Bethany in Roman Catholicism. 591:Literary provenance and legacy 454:Prophetical books of the Bible 1: 2548:Music, David W (2005-01-01). 2464:The Oxford Book of War Poetry 2176:: Printland Publishers, 2000) 1341: 846:The name "Lazarus" (from the 790:. Lazarus was venerated as a 357:As a parable created by Jesus 239:As a literal historical event 1868:. Eugene, OR: Wipf and Stock 1610:The Homilies of Saint Jerome 1193:a German sacred concerto by 1049:Dives and Lazarus appear in 224:of the Rich man and Lazarus. 113:(also called the parable of 7: 3647:New Wine into Old Wineskins 2401:Herman Melville, Moby-Dick 2259:Siberian Federal University 1852:Hachette, Paris 1864 p. 497 1532:Fitzmyer IX, Ad populum I ( 1446:"Luke, chapter 16 verse 19" 1304: 1212:based his orchestral piece 1087: 865:four days after his death. 10: 3888: 3051:Five Discourses of Matthew 2406:, Penguin Classics, 2003, 2390:Oxford Illustrated Dickens 1817:Whittaker, H. A. (1989) . 1269:Latin Kingdom of Jerusalem 1244: 499: 55:Codex Aureus of Echternach 25:Dives and Lazarus (ballad) 18: 3837:Afterlife in Christianity 3791: 3770: 3757:Wise and Foolish Builders 3657:Pharisee and the Publican 3544: 3486: 3418: 3337: 3263: 3186: 3143: 3086: 3016: 2782: 2764: 2756: 2273:Losch, Richard R (2008). 1450:The Bible – Latin Vulgate 959:a tale of Manchester life 895:, and the portals of the 90: 80: 70: 43: 36: 3852:Eschatology in the Bible 3771:Non-canonical / disputed 3278:In comparative mythology 2015:What Happens When I Die? 2003:Lazarus and the Rich Man 1819:"Studies in the gospels" 1080:On Dives and on Lazarus: 903:In literature and poetry 891:, the central portal at 779:sumptuously every day". 636:The Rich Man and Lazarus 3762:Workers in the Vineyard 3431:Interactions with women 2682:. Church Press Company. 2580:, Boydell Press, 2008, 2083:The Interpreter's Bible 1336:The Sheep and the Goats 1263:in the 12th century by 519:immortality of the soul 171: 3441:Mary, sister of Martha 3061:Oral gospel traditions 2414:, Chapter 2, pp. 11–12 2028:The Gospel of St. Luke 1247:Order of Saint Lazarus 1210:Ralph Vaughan Williams 1195:Johann Philipp Förtsch 1189:of Rome in the 1640s. 1085: 1047: 881:Church of St. Trophime 822:Saint-Sernin, Toulouse 813: 804:Order of Saint Lazarus 730: 653: 646:is less sure, adding: 616: 558:Seventh-day Adventists 514: 437: 425: 414:belief concerning the 404: 388: 282:"Rich man and Lazarus" 225: 209: 189: 102:Order of Saint Lazarus 3168:Life of Christ Museum 3163:Life of Christ in art 1924:The Parables of Jesus 1862:Perry, Simon (2012). 1369:, in the text of the 1359:The traditional name 1255:that originated in a 1208:in the 19th century. 1071: 1035: 812: 724: 648: 599: 509: 433: 420: 398: 383: 219: 191: 179: 3672:Rich man and Lazarus 2984:Sayings on the cross 2942:Entry into Jerusalem 2279:. pp. 255–256. 2055:I. Howard Marshall, 1965:. 23 September 2014. 1709:volume IV: pp. 17–32 1688:. pp. 123–125. 1685:Die Gleichnisse Jesu 1561:MĂąle, Émile (1961). 1424:. pp. 110–118. 1259:hospital founded by 1116:improve this article 1074:Still falls the Rain 800:Kingdom of Jerusalem 687:improve this article 630:,—suggest the basic 618:Some scholars—e.g., 267:improve this article 111:rich man and Lazarus 3742:Unforgiving Servant 3717:Tree and its Fruits 3473:Race and appearance 3411:(traditional uncle) 3317:Jesus the Splendour 2959:Agony in the Garden 2874:Sermon on the Mount 2494:Francis James Child 1801:Johann Nepomuk Sepp 1727:2007 edition p. 176 1261:Knights Hospitaller 1191:Mensch, was du tust 1031:Steps to the Temple 921:William Shakespeare 582:Revelation 20:13–14 562:Jehovah's Witnesses 534:Christian mortalism 523:particular judgment 3872:Lazarus of Bethany 3632:Master and Servant 3567:Drawing in the Net 3458:Rejection of Jesus 3135:Christ myth theory 2952:Farewell Discourse 2715:Purple and Poverty 2639:2012-07-01 at the 2251:Gavrilova, L. V., 2192:2012-02-22 at the 2145:Richard Bauckham, 2105:2012-02-22 at the 1927:. pp. 92–98. 1714:2010-10-11 at the 978:Although Dickens' 897:cathedral of Autun 863:Lazarus of Bethany 850:: ŚŚœŚąŚ–Śš, ElÊżÄzār, 814: 746:Book of Revelation 734:Hippolytus of Rome 731: 607:I. Howard Marshall 515: 496:Afterlife doctrine 405: 226: 190: 21:Lazarus of Bethany 3862:Parables of Jesus 3819: 3818: 3752:Wicked Husbandmen 3637:Mote and the Beam 3562:Counting the cost 3545:Canonical Gospels 3538:Parables of Jesus 3504: 3503: 3426:Language of Jesus 3373:Brothers of Jesus 3245:Session of Christ 3121:Mara bar Serapion 2922:Great Commandment 2817:Flight into Egypt 2561:978-0-89579-575-5 2534:Michael Kennedy, 2461:Jon Stallworthy, 2286:978-0-8028-2454-7 2044:Parables of Jesus 1934:978-0-664-25828-3 1833:Patrick Fairbairn 1770:Patrick Fairbairn 1695:978-3-525-53514-1 1670:Luke for Everyone 1574:978-0-00-630601-6 1519:978-0-19-826170-4 1502:Metzger, Bruce M. 1487:978-0-385-52247-2 1431:978-0-8028-6077-4 1331:Ministry of Jesus 1253:order of chivalry 1206:Dives and Lazarus 1183:Giacomo Carissimi 1148: 1147: 1140: 981:A Christmas Carol 952:Elizabeth Gaskell 931:Sir John Falstaff 858:, in which Jesus 826:Bourges Cathedral 769:De divite epulone 765:Peter Chrysologus 744:described in the 719: 718: 711: 642:about Si-Osiris. 343: 342: 335: 317: 115:Dives and Lazarus 107: 106: 71:Venerated in 51:Lazarus and Dives 3879: 3697:Talents or minas 3572:Faithful Servant 3557:Budding Fig Tree 3531: 3524: 3517: 3508: 3507: 3494: 3493: 3369:(alleged father) 3223:Person of Christ 3096:Historical Jesus 2927:Olivet Discourse 2855:Great Commission 2751: 2744: 2737: 2728: 2727: 2701: 2695: 2683: 2677: 2657: 2652:David Marcombe, 2650: 2644: 2631: 2622: 2617:David Marcombe, 2615: 2609: 2608: 2595: 2589: 2572: 2566: 2565: 2545: 2539: 2532: 2526: 2525: 2523: 2522: 2510: 2504: 2491: 2485: 2482: 2476: 2459: 2453: 2438:Graham Elliott, 2436: 2430: 2423:Samuel Johnson, 2421: 2415: 2399: 2393: 2386: 2380: 2374:The Other Nation 2370: 2364: 2355: 2349: 2342: 2336: 2330: 2324: 2317: 2311: 2308: 2302: 2298: 2292: 2290: 2270: 2264: 2249: 2243: 2237: 2231: 2230: 2223: 2217: 2216: 2209: 2203: 2183: 2177: 2164: 2158: 2143: 2137: 2122: 2116: 2092: 2086: 2079: 2073: 2068:Hugo Gressmann, 2066: 2060: 2053: 2047: 2041: 2035: 2024: 2018: 2012: 2006: 2001:Bryan T. Huie – 1999: 1993: 1992: 1990: 1988: 1973: 1967: 1966: 1959: 1953: 1952: 1945: 1939: 1938: 1918: 1909: 1908: 1902: 1894: 1888: 1883: 1877: 1876: 1874: 1873: 1859: 1853: 1846: 1840: 1829: 1823: 1822: 1814: 1808: 1798: 1792: 1791: 1783: 1777: 1766: 1760: 1759: 1752: 1746: 1743: 1737: 1734: 1728: 1725: 1719: 1706: 1700: 1699: 1679: 1673: 1666: 1660: 1654: 1648: 1644: 1638: 1633: 1627: 1620: 1614: 1613: 1606: 1600: 1597: 1591: 1585: 1579: 1578: 1558: 1552: 1547: 1541: 1530: 1524: 1523: 1498: 1492: 1491: 1480:. p. 1110. 1471: 1465: 1464: 1459: 1457: 1442: 1436: 1435: 1415: 1394: 1357: 1224:Benjamin Britten 1179:Historia Divitis 1143: 1136: 1132: 1129: 1123: 1100: 1092: 926:Henry IV, Part 1 908:Geoffrey Chaucer 714: 707: 703: 700: 694: 671: 663: 644:Richard Bauckham 624:Joachim Jeremias 614: 574:Bosom of Abraham 568:, and Christian 566:Christadelphians 542:general judgment 416:Bosom of Abraham 401:Fyodor Bronnikov 367:Joachim Jeremias 338: 331: 327: 324: 318: 316: 275: 251: 243: 220:Illustration by 207: 119:parable of Jesus 48: 34: 33: 16:Parable of Jesus 3887: 3886: 3882: 3881: 3880: 3878: 3877: 3876: 3822: 3821: 3820: 3815: 3787: 3766: 3682:Sheep and Goats 3607:Hidden Treasure 3577:Friend at Night 3552:Barren Fig Tree 3540: 3535: 3505: 3500: 3482: 3414: 3333: 3265:In other faiths 3259: 3182: 3178:Transfiguration 3139: 3082: 3012: 2912:Transfiguration 2786: 2778: 2760: 2755: 2708: 2670:Aquinas, Thomas 2665: 2663:Further reading 2660: 2651: 2647: 2641:Wayback Machine 2632: 2625: 2616: 2612: 2597: 2596: 2592: 2573: 2569: 2562: 2546: 2542: 2533: 2529: 2520: 2518: 2511: 2507: 2492: 2488: 2483: 2479: 2460: 2456: 2437: 2433: 2429:, 1810, p. 557. 2422: 2418: 2400: 2396: 2387: 2383: 2371: 2367: 2356: 2352: 2343: 2339: 2331: 2327: 2318: 2314: 2309: 2305: 2299: 2295: 2287: 2271: 2267: 2250: 2246: 2238: 2234: 2229:. 11 June 2013. 2227:"Saint Lazarus" 2225: 2224: 2220: 2211: 2210: 2206: 2194:Wayback Machine 2184: 2180: 2165: 2161: 2157:, 1998), p. 101 2144: 2140: 2136:, 1998), p. 101 2123: 2119: 2107:Wayback Machine 2093: 2089: 2080: 2076: 2067: 2063: 2054: 2050: 2042: 2038: 2025: 2021: 2013: 2009: 2000: 1996: 1986: 1984: 1974: 1970: 1961: 1960: 1956: 1947: 1946: 1942: 1935: 1919: 1912: 1895: 1891: 1884: 1880: 1871: 1869: 1860: 1856: 1847: 1843: 1830: 1826: 1815: 1811: 1799: 1795: 1784: 1780: 1767: 1763: 1754: 1753: 1749: 1744: 1740: 1735: 1731: 1726: 1722: 1716:Wayback Machine 1707: 1703: 1696: 1680: 1676: 1667: 1663: 1655: 1651: 1645: 1641: 1634: 1630: 1621: 1617: 1608: 1607: 1603: 1598: 1594: 1586: 1582: 1575: 1567:. p. 195. 1559: 1555: 1548: 1544: 1531: 1527: 1520: 1512:. p. 136. 1510:Clarendon Press 1499: 1495: 1488: 1472: 1468: 1455: 1453: 1444: 1443: 1439: 1432: 1416: 1407: 1398: 1397: 1358: 1354: 1344: 1307: 1299:military orders 1249: 1243: 1181:" (c. 1640) by 1164:Heinrich SchĂŒtz 1144: 1133: 1127: 1124: 1113: 1101: 1090: 1084: 1081: 1079: 1077: 1075: 1046: 1043: 1041: 1039: 1029:stanza for his 1023:Richard Crashaw 999:Herman Melville 992:Christmas Books 966:Charles Dickens 905: 844: 715: 704: 698: 695: 684: 672: 661: 615: 605: 598: 593: 554:E. 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Bullinger 393: 376: 359: 339: 328: 322: 319: 276: 274: 264: 252: 241: 214: 212:Interpretations 208: 203: 182:Eadwine Psalter 174: 75:Catholic Church 66: 61: 59: 57: 39: 32: 17: 12: 11: 5: 3885: 3875: 3874: 3869: 3864: 3859: 3857:Gospel of Luke 3854: 3849: 3844: 3839: 3834: 3817: 3816: 3814: 3813: 3808: 3807: 3806: 3795: 3793: 3789: 3788: 3786: 3785: 3780: 3774: 3772: 3768: 3767: 3765: 3764: 3759: 3754: 3749: 3744: 3739: 3737:Unjust Steward 3734: 3729: 3724: 3719: 3714: 3709: 3704: 3699: 3694: 3689: 3684: 3679: 3674: 3669: 3664: 3659: 3654: 3649: 3644: 3639: 3634: 3629: 3624: 3619: 3614: 3609: 3604: 3599: 3594: 3592:Grain of Wheat 3589: 3584: 3582:Good Samaritan 3579: 3574: 3569: 3564: 3559: 3554: 3548: 3546: 3542: 3541: 3534: 3533: 3526: 3519: 3511: 3502: 3501: 3499: 3498: 3487: 3484: 3483: 3481: 3480: 3475: 3470: 3465: 3460: 3455: 3450: 3445: 3444: 3443: 3438: 3436:Mary Magdalene 3428: 3422: 3420: 3416: 3415: 3413: 3412: 3406: 3401: 3398: 3392: 3386: 3380: 3375: 3370: 3364: 3359: 3358:(legal father) 3353: 3347: 3341: 3339: 3335: 3334: 3332: 3331: 3326: 3321: 3320: 3319: 3309: 3304: 3303: 3302: 3292: 3291: 3290: 3280: 3275: 3269: 3267: 3261: 3260: 3258: 3257: 3252: 3247: 3242: 3237: 3232: 3231: 3230: 3225: 3220: 3210: 3209: 3208: 3203: 3192: 3190: 3184: 3183: 3181: 3180: 3175: 3170: 3165: 3160: 3155: 3149: 3147: 3141: 3140: 3138: 3137: 3132: 3131: 3130: 3129: 3128: 3123: 3118: 3113: 3103: 3092: 3090: 3084: 3083: 3081: 3080: 3075: 3070: 3065: 3064: 3063: 3058: 3056:Gospel harmony 3053: 3048: 3043: 3038: 3033: 3022: 3020: 3014: 3013: 3011: 3010: 3005: 3000: 2999: 2998: 2988: 2987: 2986: 2976: 2971: 2966: 2961: 2956: 2955: 2954: 2944: 2939: 2934: 2929: 2924: 2919: 2914: 2909: 2904: 2899: 2898: 2897: 2887: 2886: 2885: 2871: 2870: 2869: 2859: 2858: 2857: 2852: 2842: 2837: 2832: 2827: 2821: 2820: 2819: 2814: 2809: 2799: 2793: 2791: 2780: 2779: 2777: 2776: 2774:List of topics 2771: 2765: 2762: 2761: 2754: 2753: 2746: 2739: 2731: 2725: 2724: 2723: 2722: 2717: 2707: 2706:External links 2704: 2703: 2702: 2684: 2664: 2661: 2659: 2658: 2645: 2623: 2610: 2590: 2567: 2560: 2554:. p. 25. 2540: 2527: 2505: 2486: 2477: 2454: 2431: 2416: 2394: 2381: 2365: 2360:, line 1877 – 2350: 2337: 2325: 2312: 2303: 2293: 2285: 2265: 2244: 2232: 2218: 2204: 2178: 2159: 2138: 2117: 2087: 2074: 2061: 2048: 2036: 2019: 2007: 1994: 1968: 1954: 1940: 1933: 1910: 1889: 1878: 1854: 1841: 1824: 1809: 1793: 1778: 1761: 1747: 1738: 1729: 1720: 1701: 1694: 1674: 1661: 1649: 1639: 1636:Church contact 1628: 1615: 1601: 1592: 1589:Jesus Database 1580: 1573: 1553: 1542: 1525: 1518: 1493: 1486: 1466: 1437: 1430: 1404: 1396: 1395: 1351: 1350: 1343: 1340: 1339: 1338: 1333: 1328: 1323: 1318: 1313: 1306: 1303: 1245:Main article: 1242: 1239: 1162:"), a work by 1146: 1145: 1128:September 2021 1104: 1102: 1095: 1089: 1086: 1072: 1036: 976: 975: 962: 904: 901: 856:Gospel of John 843: 840: 727:Rila Monastery 717: 716: 675: 673: 666: 660: 657: 628:Hugo Gressmann 603: 597: 596:Jewish sources 594: 592: 589: 500:Main article: 497: 494: 481: 478: 465: 462: 448:attack on the 441: 438: 408:John Lightfoot 392: 389: 375: 372: 358: 355: 341: 340: 255: 253: 246: 240: 237: 213: 210: 201: 186:Morgan Library 173: 170: 158:Good Samaritan 129:. 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B. Caird, 2023: 2016: 2011: 2004: 1998: 1983: 1979: 1972: 1964: 1958: 1950: 1944: 1936: 1930: 1926: 1925: 1917: 1915: 1906: 1901: 1893: 1887: 1882: 1867: 1866: 1858: 1851: 1845: 1838: 1834: 1828: 1820: 1813: 1806: 1802: 1797: 1789: 1786:Cox, Steven. 1782: 1775: 1771: 1765: 1757: 1751: 1742: 1733: 1724: 1717: 1713: 1710: 1705: 1697: 1691: 1687: 1686: 1678: 1671: 1665: 1659: 1653: 1643: 1637: 1632: 1625: 1619: 1611: 1605: 1596: 1590: 1584: 1576: 1570: 1566: 1565: 1557: 1551: 1550:Luke 16:19–31 1546: 1539: 1535: 1529: 1521: 1515: 1511: 1507: 1503: 1497: 1489: 1483: 1479: 1478: 1470: 1463: 1452:. 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Index

Lazarus of Bethany
Dives and Lazarus (ballad)
Lazarus

Codex Aureus of Echternach
Hades
Catholic Church
Feast
Patronage
lepers
Order of Saint Lazarus
parable of Jesus
16th chapter
Gospel of Luke
his disciples
Pharisees
Abraham
Moses
Ten Virgins
Prodigal Son
Good Samaritan
medieval art
afterlife

Eadwine Psalter
Morgan Library
Luke 16:19–31

Gustave Doré
Q document

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