397:
407:
383:
354:
914:
36:
417:
1090:
340:
1114:
1066:
1102:
1078:
265:
along part of its perimeter which rises 4–12 km (2.5–7.5 mi) above the surrounding terrain. The crater floor lies about 13 kilometres (8.1 mi) below the surrounding surface. This basin consists of undulating terrain and a central mound almost 200 km (120 mi) in diameter,
364:
306:
are the products of this collision. If this is the case, then the fact that 10-km fragments have survived bombardment until the present indicates that the crater is at most about 1 billion years old. It would also be the origin of the
207:, and at 75°S latitude, covers most of the southern hemisphere. The peak in the center of the crater is 200 km (120 mi) in diameter, and rises 22.5 km (14.0 mi; 74,000 ft) from its base, making it one of the
203:
of Vesta, 529 km (329 mi). However, the mean is affected by the crater itself. It is 89% the mean equatorial diameter of 569 km (354 mi), making it one of the
291:
Vesta has a series of troughs in an equatorial region concentric to
Rheasilvia. These are thought to be large-scale fractures resulting from the impact. The largest is
311:. Known V-type asteroids account for 6% of the ejected volume, with the rest of the fragments presumably either too small to observe, or removed from the
396:
1134:
497:
444:
267:
208:
439:
204:
68:
386:
Computer-generated oblique view of
Rheasilvia, with color-coded elevation in the lower version. A flyover video is available at
643:"On the possibility of viscoelastic deformation of the large south polar craters and true polar wander on the asteroid Vesta"
1144:
1139:
821:
280:
images have shown that this crater has penetrated deep through several distinct layers of the crust, and possibly into the
913:
788:
597:
935:
243:
647:
298:
It is estimated that the impact responsible excavated about 1% of the volume of Vesta, and it is likely that the
536:
Schenk, Paul; et al. (11 May 2012). "The
Geologically Recent Giant Impact Basins at Vesta's South Pole".
449:
343:
Elevation map of Vesta's southern hemisphere. Higher elevations (red) are found on the crater rim (occluding
199:. It is 505 km (314 mi) in diameter, which is 90% the diameter of Vesta itself, and is 95% the
1056:
623:
509:
406:
1149:
966:
367:
220:
122:
400:
Shaded-relief topographic map of Vesta's southern hemisphere, showing
Rheasilvia and Veneneia.
781:
589:
19:
This article is about the crater on 4 Vesta. For Ilia, the mother of
Romulus and Remus, see
940:
742:
699:
656:
547:
266:
which rises 20–25 km (12–16 mi; 66,000–82,000 ft) from its base, one of the
357:
Outlines of
Rheasilvia and Veneneia, the latter being partially obliterated by the former.
8:
1118:
370:
image of Vesta from May 2007. The flat spot at lower right is
Rheasilvia seen in profile.
746:
703:
660:
551:
1106:
1094:
1022:
571:
324:
1043:
994:
878:
852:
575:
563:
538:
224:
42:
387:
382:
353:
1070:
894:
857:
847:
837:
774:
750:
733:
707:
690:
664:
555:
472:
320:
281:
150:
303:
899:
873:
292:
1128:
1016:
1011:
956:
312:
308:
235:
200:
192:
136:
83:
70:
559:
1082:
961:
755:
728:
712:
685:
567:
316:
299:
295:, approx. 22 km (14 mi) wide and 465 km (289 mi) long.
273:
35:
808:
669:
642:
619:
421:
411:
231:
132:
20:
262:
416:
729:"Geologic Mapping of Vesta from 1994 Hubble Space Telescope Images"
344:
255:
363:
797:
590:"Hubble Reveals Huge Crater on the Surface of the Asteroid Vesta"
285:
196:
56:
339:
238:
and mother of the founders of Rome, Romulus and Remus. The name
159:
505:
223:
images in 1997, but was not named until the arrival of the
183:
180:
162:
1077:
766:
171:
258:, that at 395 km (245 mi) is almost as large.
270:, and possibly formed due to a planetary scale impact.
254:
The crater partially obscures an earlier crater, named
1054:
498:"New View of Vesta Mountain From NASA's Dawn Mission"
424:
glasses are recommended to view this image correctly.
168:
153:
139:
and mother of the founders of Rome, Romulus and Remus
177:
174:
156:
16:
Impact crater on the surface of the asteroid 4 Vesta
686:"Vesta: Spin Pole, Size, and Shape from HST Images"
634:
165:
1126:
782:
640:
445:List of tallest mountains in the Solar System
531:
529:
527:
684:Thomas, Peter C.; et al. (July 1997).
440:List of largest craters in the Solar System
268:tallest known mountains in the Solar System
209:tallest mountains known in the Solar System
789:
775:
641:Karimi, Saman; Dombard, Andrew J. (2016).
40:Southern hemisphere of Vesta as imaged by
34:
754:
720:
711:
668:
524:
323:, or (in the case of small fragments) by
284:, as indicated by spectral signatures of
214:
727:Binzel, Richard P.; et al. (1997).
405:
395:
381:
362:
352:
338:
1135:Surface features of main-belt asteroids
624:"Vesta seems more planet than asteroid"
1127:
726:
683:
535:
491:
489:
487:
770:
618:
479:. USGS Astrogeology Research Program.
467:
465:
495:
496:Vega, Priscilla (11 October 2011).
484:
477:Gazetteer of Planetary Nomenclature
414:image of Rheasilvia's central peak.
205:largest craters in the Solar System
13:
462:
249:
14:
1161:
598:Space Telescope Science Institute
1112:
1100:
1088:
1076:
1064:
912:
415:
244:International Astronomical Union
149:
648:Journal of Geophysical Research
242:was officially approved by the
677:
612:
582:
111:20–25 km (12–16 mi)
1:
455:
450:Lists of astronomical objects
219:Rheasilvia was discovered in
315:by approaching the 3:1
246:(IAU) on 30 September 2011.
7:
1145:Surface features of 4 Vesta
1140:Impact craters on asteroids
796:
433:
230:in 2011. It is named after
46:, showing Rheasilvia crater
10:
1166:
330:
18:
1036:
1004:
986:
979:
949:
928:
921:
910:
887:
866:
830:
817:
804:
128:
118:
107:
103:505 km (314 mi)
99:
62:
51:
33:
560:10.1126/science.1223272
347:) and the central peak.
756:10.1006/icar.1997.5734
713:10.1006/icar.1997.5736
426:
401:
391:
371:
358:
348:
221:Hubble Space Telescope
215:Observation and naming
123:Hubble Space Telescope
409:
399:
385:
366:
356:
342:
967:Former dwarf planets
941:Carl Friedrich Gauss
670:10.1002/2016JE005064
55:South polar region,
747:1997Icar..128...95B
704:1997Icar..128...88T
661:2016JGRE..121.1786K
552:2012Sci...336..694S
80: /
30:
600:. 4 September 1997
512:on 17 October 2013
481:(NASA coordinates)
427:
402:
392:
372:
359:
349:
325:radiation pressure
261:Rheasilvia has an
28:
1052:
1051:
1032:
1031:
975:
974:
908:
907:
879:Saturnalia Fossae
622:(22 March 2012).
546:(6082): 694–697.
502:dawn.jpl.nasa.gov
431:
430:
425:
376:
375:
234:, a mythological
143:
142:
135:, a mythological
114:
84:71.950°S 86.300°E
1157:
1117:
1116:
1115:
1105:
1104:
1103:
1093:
1092:
1091:
1081:
1080:
1069:
1068:
1067:
1060:
984:
983:
926:
925:
916:
895:Feralia Planitia
828:
827:
791:
784:
777:
768:
767:
761:
760:
758:
724:
718:
717:
715:
681:
675:
674:
672:
655:(9): 1786–1797.
638:
632:
631:
616:
610:
609:
607:
605:
586:
580:
579:
533:
522:
521:
519:
517:
508:. Archived from
493:
482:
480:
469:
420:
419:
378:
377:
335:
334:
321:Yarkovsky effect
304:V-type asteroids
195:on the asteroid
190:
189:
186:
185:
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176:
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167:
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158:
155:
112:
95:
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78:
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73:
38:
31:
27:
1165:
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1156:
1155:
1154:
1125:
1124:
1123:
1113:
1111:
1101:
1099:
1089:
1087:
1075:
1065:
1063:
1055:
1053:
1048:
1028:
1000:
971:
945:
936:Heinrich Olbers
917:
904:
883:
862:
819:
813:
800:
795:
765:
764:
725:
721:
682:
678:
639:
635:
617:
613:
603:
601:
588:
587:
583:
534:
525:
515:
513:
494:
485:
471:
470:
463:
458:
436:
333:
252:
250:Characteristics
217:
191:is the largest
152:
148:
89:-71.950; 86.300
88:
86:
82:
79:
74:
71:
69:
67:
66:
47:
24:
17:
12:
11:
5:
1163:
1153:
1152:
1150:Tallest things
1147:
1142:
1137:
1122:
1121:
1109:
1097:
1085:
1073:
1050:
1049:
1047:
1046:
1040:
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1026:
1019:
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1008:
1006:
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988:
981:
977:
976:
973:
972:
970:
969:
964:
959:
953:
951:
947:
946:
944:
943:
938:
932:
930:
923:
919:
918:
911:
909:
906:
905:
903:
902:
900:Vestalia Terra
897:
891:
889:
885:
884:
882:
881:
876:
874:Divalia Fossae
870:
868:
864:
863:
861:
860:
855:
850:
845:
840:
834:
832:
825:
815:
814:
812:
811:
805:
802:
801:
794:
793:
786:
779:
771:
763:
762:
719:
676:
633:
611:
581:
523:
483:
460:
459:
457:
454:
453:
452:
447:
442:
435:
432:
429:
428:
403:
393:
374:
373:
360:
350:
332:
329:
309:HED meteorites
293:Divalia Fossae
251:
248:
216:
213:
141:
140:
130:
126:
125:
120:
116:
115:
113:(central peak)
109:
105:
104:
101:
97:
96:
64:
60:
59:
53:
49:
48:
39:
15:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
1162:
1151:
1148:
1146:
1143:
1141:
1138:
1136:
1133:
1132:
1130:
1120:
1110:
1108:
1098:
1096:
1086:
1084:
1079:
1074:
1072:
1062:
1061:
1058:
1045:
1042:
1041:
1039:
1035:
1025:
1024:
1020:
1018:
1015:
1013:
1010:
1009:
1007:
1003:
997:
996:
992:
991:
989:
985:
982:
978:
968:
965:
963:
960:
958:
957:Asteroid belt
955:
954:
952:
948:
942:
939:
937:
934:
933:
931:
927:
924:
920:
915:
901:
898:
896:
893:
892:
890:
886:
880:
877:
875:
872:
871:
869:
865:
859:
856:
854:
851:
849:
846:
844:
841:
839:
836:
835:
833:
829:
826:
823:
816:
810:
807:
806:
803:
799:
792:
787:
785:
780:
778:
773:
772:
769:
757:
752:
748:
744:
741:(1): 95–103.
740:
736:
735:
730:
723:
714:
709:
705:
701:
697:
693:
692:
687:
680:
671:
666:
662:
658:
654:
650:
649:
644:
637:
629:
625:
621:
615:
599:
595:
591:
585:
577:
573:
569:
565:
561:
557:
553:
549:
545:
541:
540:
532:
530:
528:
511:
507:
503:
499:
492:
490:
488:
478:
474:
468:
466:
461:
451:
448:
446:
443:
441:
438:
437:
423:
418:
413:
408:
404:
398:
394:
389:
384:
380:
379:
369:
365:
361:
355:
351:
346:
341:
337:
336:
328:
326:
322:
318:
314:
313:asteroid belt
310:
305:
301:
296:
294:
289:
287:
283:
279:
275:
274:Spectroscopic
271:
269:
264:
259:
257:
247:
245:
241:
237:
236:vestal virgin
233:
229:
227:
222:
212:
210:
206:
202:
201:mean diameter
198:
194:
193:impact crater
188:
147:
138:
137:vestal virgin
134:
131:
127:
124:
121:
117:
110:
106:
102:
98:
93:
65:
61:
58:
54:
50:
45:
44:
37:
32:
26:
22:
1119:Solar System
1044:In mythology
1021:
993:
962:Vesta family
842:
738:
732:
722:
698:(1): 88–94.
695:
689:
679:
652:
646:
636:
628:Science News
627:
620:Drake, Nadia
614:
602:. Retrieved
593:
584:
543:
537:
514:. Retrieved
510:the original
501:
476:
473:"Rheasilvia"
317:Kirkwood gap
300:Vesta family
297:
290:
277:
276:analyses of
272:
260:
253:
239:
225:
218:
145:
144:
41:
25:
1107:Outer space
1095:Spaceflight
980:Exploration
516:17 February
422:3D red cyan
232:Rhea Silvia
133:Rhea Silvia
87: /
63:Coordinates
21:Rhea Silvia
1129:Categories
843:Rheasilvia
594:HubbleSite
456:References
388:the source
263:escarpment
240:Rheasilvia
228:spacecraft
146:Rheasilvia
119:Discoverer
29:Rheasilvia
1071:Astronomy
1005:Cancelled
929:Discovery
922:Astronomy
818:Geography
576:206541950
319:, by the
853:Veneneia
822:features
568:22582256
434:See also
412:anaglyph
345:Veneneia
256:Veneneia
100:Diameter
52:Location
1057:Portals
1037:Related
950:General
888:Regions
867:Troughs
858:Vibidia
848:Tarpeia
838:Claudia
831:Craters
809:Geology
798:4 Vesta
743:Bibcode
700:Bibcode
657:Bibcode
548:Bibcode
539:Science
331:Gallery
286:olivine
75:86°18′E
72:71°57′S
1017:MAOSEP
734:Icarus
691:Icarus
604:4 July
574:
566:
368:Hubble
282:mantle
278:Hubble
129:Eponym
1083:Stars
1023:Vesta
1012:AGORA
572:S2CID
197:Vesta
57:Vesta
995:Dawn
987:Past
606:2018
564:PMID
518:2018
506:NASA
410:3-D
302:and
226:Dawn
108:Peak
43:Dawn
751:doi
739:128
708:doi
696:128
665:doi
653:121
556:doi
544:336
1131::
749:.
737:.
731:.
706:.
694:.
688:.
663:.
651:.
645:.
626:.
596:.
592:.
570:.
562:.
554:.
542:.
526:^
504:.
500:.
486:^
475:.
464:^
327:.
288:.
211:.
160:iː
1059::
824:)
820:(
790:e
783:t
776:v
759:.
753::
745::
716:.
710::
702::
673:.
667::
659::
630:.
608:.
578:.
558::
550::
520:.
390:.
187:/
184:ə
181:i
178:v
175:l
172:ɪ
169:s
166:ˈ
163:ə
157:r
154:ˌ
151:/
23:.
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