224:(FTC) survey on the rent-to-own industry in the United States conducted in 2000, consumers reported that they chose to engage in rent-to-own transactions for a variety of reasons, including: "the lack of a credit check", "the ability to obtain merchandise they otherwise could not", and, "the convenience and flexibility of the transaction". The most common reason cited for dissatisfaction within the survey was high prices. In addition, some survey respondents reported poor treatment by employees in connection with late rental payments, problems with repair services, and hidden or added costs.
83:
25:
358:
200:(APRO), in 1980. APRO began with approximately 40 original member companies and elected an initial board of 16. Today the association has approximately 350 member companies representing approximately 10,400 stores in all 50 states, Mexico and Canada. Rent-to-own serves 4.8 million customers at any given time in the year.
349:. At the time of a 2000 FTC survey, individuals who engaged in rent-to-own transactions reported a "low incidence of late-term repossessions", which the FTC suggested might be due to the reinstatement rights mandated in most states, as these rights allow consumers to reinstate this type of contract after repossession.
184:, the practice of retail-based rent-to-own businesses began to develop in the 1950s and 1960s. Individuals cited as key figures in the history of the rent-to-own transaction and application as a business model include Charles Loudermilk Sr., who in 1955 began renting out Army surplus chairs and later founded
386:
allow them to lock in a market rate when they sign the contract. People with poor credit find the leasing period a crucial opportunity to repair their financial profile to secure a loan. A common complaint tenant/buyers have with rent-to-own agreements, however, stems from their inability to secure a
236:
plans. Often mentioned alongside most critiques is the question of whether prices paid for services of this type are adequate for lower-income individuals who can least afford additional financial outlays. At the same time, other academic researchers and representatives of industry associations have
241:
consumer goods, in that they include services such as delivery, assembly, service and repair, all of which are factored into the higher assessed value and corresponding price charged. Also frequently noted by proponents of the unique nature of rent-to-own transactions is the point that they are not
227:
The cost incurred by consumers in rent-to-own transactions has been the subject of long-term debate and differing opinion. Historically, consumer advocates, some U.S. state attorneys general and some academic researchers have expressed concern that consumers entering into rent-to-own agreements may
216:
on a weekly or monthly basis by making renewal payments, or to terminate the agreement with no further obligation by returning the tangible property. Though not obligated to do so, the consumer can choose to continue making interval payments on the merchandise for a pre-specified period of time, at
403:
and pay towards purchasing the property at a fixed price within a specific period of time, usually one to three years. As part of the contract, the renter may be required to make a nonrefundable deposit often included as part of a down payment at the end of the lease term. In addition to monthly
195:
In response to a growing desire to share information, develop uniform practices and procedures, and cultivate a positive public image within the growing rent-to-own industry in the United States, rent-to-own dealers established a trade association, the
332:
raised concerns with the methodology and structure of this research. Later in the same year, the
Department of Defense ultimately concluded that rent-to-own was not a form of credit and excluded it from its regulation on predatory lending practices.
217:
which point they would own the good outright. An alternative purchase option is commonly provisioned for, allowing the consumer to pay off the remaining balance on the agreement at any point in time in order to obtain permanent ownership.
381:
Tenant/buyers who have imperfect credit scores are typically drawn to rent-to-own properties since the lease terms allow them to live in the home while they take the steps necessary to fix their credit and secure a mortgage. Most
731:
373:. Because the most recent housing market downturn was accompanied by protective regulatory scrutiny of lending practices and consumer credit agencies, acquiring a loan has become more difficult for Subprime borrowers.
197:
266:. The industry has contended that the transaction is a lease; while consumer advocacy groups have advocated for the transaction to be treated as a credit sale. As of 2011, forty-seven U.S. states,
155:
during the 1950s and 1960s. While rent-to-own terminology is most commonly associated with consumer goods transactions, the term is sometimes used in connection with real estate transactions.
953:
316:
law specifically addresses rent-to-own transactions, but through litigation, efforts have been made in attempt to bring rent-to-own agreements under the definition of "credit sale" in the
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loan in time to purchase the property, whether due to insufficient downpayment or credit, at which point they are left to restructure the agreement or forced to walk away.
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rent, often an additional amount called a rent credit is paid into an escrow account during the lease period. This amount is added to the deposit and used as part of the
863:
979:
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to purchase the property at the agreed upon sale price, or walk away and forfeit the deposit. If the tenant is unable or unwilling to exercise the option to buy, the
140:, in that the lessee can terminate the agreement by simply returning the property (in a hire purchase the buyer has a limited time, if any, to cancel the agreement).
1388:
1000:
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model. One of the first rent-to-own retail stores established in the U.K. was Lotus Radio, which began operating as a radio rental business in 1933. Within the
720:
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labeled rent-to-own a predatory lending practice, defining it as an, "unfair or abusive loan or credit sale transaction or collection practice", along with
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957:
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The legal controversy surrounding rent-to-own transactions has centered primarily on the question of whether the transaction should be treated as a
365:
While rent-to-own transactions are most commonly conducted for purchasing consumer goods at a retail store, this term also describes a specialized
428:
Because rent-to-own real estate contracts are flexible open-source documents, there is room for scammers to take advantage of unprepared tenants.
329:
35:
1480:
1153:"Department of Defense Report on Predatory Lending Practices Directed at Members of the Armed Forces and Their Dependents (August 9, 2006)"
1152:
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have passed laws characterizing the transaction as a lease. Of the five U.S. state supreme courts that have addressed the question, three (
1185:"DOD's Predatory Lending Report Addressed Mandated Issues, but Support Is Limited for Some Findings and Recommendations, August 31, 2007"
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754:
1254:
1209:"32 CFR Part 232 Limitations on Terms of Consumer Credit Extended to Service Members and Dependents; Final Rule (August 31, 2007"
541:
208:
Rent-to-own agreements are based on a weekly or monthly rental term. In the structure of this type of transaction, the consumer (
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can purchase the leased item at any time during the agreement (in a traditional lease the lessee has no such right), and from a
898:
874:
601:
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1281:
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Consumer advocates and plaintiffs testifying in legal proceedings have at times alleged that rent-to-own stores routinely
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agreement. The rent-to-own housing option is typically exercised more often during housing market downturns, such as the
321:
129:, is leased in exchange for a weekly or monthly payment, with the option to purchase at some point during the agreement.
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but helps build savings for purchase if the buy option is taken. At the end of the lease term, the tenant is offered
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320:. However, courts have not, as of 2011, ruled in favor of making this change at a federal level. In 2006, the
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188:, and J. Ernest Talley, who started Mr. T’s Rental in Wichita, Kansas in 1963, and later helped establish
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contended that rent-to-own transactions are not comparable to traditional methods of purchasing or
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51:
1500:
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be unaware of the potentially high long-term costs of rent-to-own in comparison to traditional
980:"Hawkes Television, Inc. v. Maine Bureau of Consumer Credit Protection, 462 A. 2d 1167 (1983)"
820:
663:
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is then free to rent or sell the property to another buyer, or to restructure the contract.
1324:
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594:
Broke, USA: From
Pawnshops to Poverty, Inc. - How the Working Poor Became Big Business
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1418:
1208:
816:
597:
102:
43:
1515:
1021:
908:
785:
396:
328:, title loans, refund anticipation loans and other similar practices. In 2007, the
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47:
1481:"From Poverty, Opportunity: Putting the Market to Work for Lower Income Families"
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also found the transaction to be a credit sale under
Wisconsin state law.
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1310:"Dodd-Frank: Title XIV - Mortgage Reform and Anti-Predatory Lending Act"
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A rent-to-own transaction differs from a traditional lease, in that the
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concluded it was a credit sale based upon those states’ credit laws. A
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A typical rent-to-own process. May vary by country and by US state.
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212:)—at the end of each week or month—can choose either to renew the
1069:"Burney v. Thorn Americas, Inc., 944 F.Supp. 762 (ED. Wis. 1996)"
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1090:"Ortiz v. Rental Management, Inc., 65 F.3d 335 (3rd Cir. 1995)"
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at the end of the lease term. This pushes the rent above the
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The concept of rent-to-own transactions first emerged in the
34:
deal primarily with the United States and do not represent a
267:
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to purchase, since the agreement can be terminated by the
101:, is a type of legally documented transaction under which
664:"Consumers turn to rent-to-own stores in rickety economy"
158:
899:"House Passes Bill to Protect Consumers who Rent to Own"
1282:"In a down market, rent-to-own option becoming popular"
250:
at any point in time with the return of the property.
1233:"Survey of Rent-to-Own Customers: Executive Summary"
1111:"In re : Hanley, 135 B.R. 311 (C.D. Ill. 1990)"
1001:"Perez v. Rent-A-Center, Inc., 892 A.2d 1255 (2006)"
933:"Silva v. Rent-A-Center, Inc., 454 Mass. 667 (2009)"
692:"Rent-to-own Stores Prosper During Difficult Times"
662:O'Donnell, Jayne; Michelle Walbaum (11 July 2009).
143:The usage of rent-to-own transactions began in the
873:
719:
345:merchandise when a consumer is close to acquiring
1255:"New Hampshire Consumer Source Book, Rent-To-Own"
1132:"In re: Martin, 64 B.R. 1 (Bankr. S.D. Ga. 1984)"
507:
505:
503:
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198:Association of Progressive Rental Organizations
835:"Rent-to-Own Stores Becoming a Consumer Issue"
807:Hawkins, Jim (2007). "Renting the Good Life".
500:
330:United States Government Accountability Office
290:) concluded that the transaction was a lease.
86:Lease purchase agreement (click to view pages)
480:"Survey of Rent-to-Own Customers, April 2000"
32:The examples and perspective in this article
1048:"Miller v. Colortyme, 518 N.W.2d 544 (1994)"
781:"Rent-to-own law worries consumer advocates"
575:International Directory of Company Histories
535:
533:
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596:. New York, NY: HarperCollins. p. 26.
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1445:. Archived from the original on 2014-10-03
1355:. Archived from the original on 2013-01-19
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1347:"Lease-to-own homes enter in down market"
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70:Learn how and when to remove this message
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954:"Crumley v. Berry, 766 S.W.2d 7 (1989)"
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718:Hinds, Michael DeCourcy (4 June 1988).
637:"The Rent to Own Industry: An Overview"
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1423:: CS1 maint: archived copy as title (
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779:Epstein, Jonathan D. (9 August 2010).
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721:"Rent-and-Own Plans: Handy but Costly"
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159:Furniture, electronics, and appliances
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862:Anderson, Michael; Jackson, Raymond.
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578:(24 ed.). St. James Press. 1999.
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1280:Rosenblum, Gail (22 November 2008).
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371:late 2000s (decade) financial crisis
18:
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322:United States Department of Defense
13:
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864:"A Reconsideration of Rent-to-Own"
655:
540:Marino, Vivian (4 December 2008).
395:In a rent-to-own transaction, the
14:
1527:
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897:Abrams, Jim (19 September 2002).
1345:Brigda, Carolyn (9 March 2008).
625:from the original on 2021-12-21.
616:
23:
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1381:
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1301:
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734:from the original on 2013-01-30
690:Feran, Tim (14 February 2010).
1308:LII Staff (16 November 2012).
753:Gordon, Marcy (13 June 1997).
629:
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438:Alternative financial services
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174:continental European countries
138:hire purchase/installment plan
1:
872:(Winter 2001). Archived from
809:William & Mary Law Review
513:"Rent-A-Center, Inc. History"
458:
755:"Group alleges stores gouge"
151:, and first appeared in the
7:
869:Journal of Consumer Affairs
786:The Buffalo News (New York)
478:Lacko, James (April 2000).
431:
46:, discuss the issue on the
10:
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163:
1463:: CS1 maint: unfit URL (
1373:: CS1 maint: unfit URL (
384:lease purchase agreements
1439:"Is Rent To Own A Scam?"
487:Federal Trade Commission
423:
222:Federal Trade Commission
1511:Residential real estate
1325:"How Rent-to-Own Works"
904:Wilmington Morning Star
377:Imperfect credit scores
1287:The Providence Journal
639:. APRO. Archived from
414:right of first refusal
362:
300:federal district court
87:
1485:Brookings Institution
1396:www.justrenttoown.com
697:The Columbus Dispatch
391:Transaction structure
360:
204:Transaction structure
85:
759:The Associated Press
619:"APRO Legal Counsel"
337:Collection practices
318:Truth in Lending Act
309:As of 2011, no U.S.
276:District of Columbia
254:Lease vis-à-vis sale
111:consumer electronics
52:create a new article
44:improve this article
643:on 17 December 2013
314:consumer protection
16:Type of transaction
960:on 25 January 2013
843:. 15 February 1993
840:The New York Times
727:The New York Times
547:The New York Times
542:"The Maybe Option"
443:Closed-end leasing
363:
88:
1405:on 6 October 2014
603:978-0-06-173321-5
103:tangible property
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123:engagement rings
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1022:"Rent to Own"
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410:market rate
367:real estate
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264:credit sale
244:obligations
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186:Aaron Rents
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