70:
1096:
1072:
1122:
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1140:
50:
475:
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864:
1680:," when he writes that: "It is observed that the red-haired of both sexes are more libidinous and mischievous than the rest, whom yet they much exceed in strength and activity." Swift goes on to write that "neither was the hair of this brute of a red colour (which might have been some excuse for an appetite a little irregular) but black as a sloe". Such beliefs were given a veneer of scientific credibility in the 19th century by
1408:
398:
58:
1324:
249:
550:
271:
264:
682:) alleles. Eighty percent of redheads have an MC1R gene variant within the RHC. Red hair is also associated with fair skin color because the MC1R mutation also results in low concentrations of eumelanin throughout the body. The lower melanin concentration in skin confers the advantage that a sufficient concentration of important
577:, and is especially common in some tribes and family groups. In Polynesian culture, reddish hair has traditionally been seen as a sign of descent from high-ranking ancestors and a mark of rulership. Emigration from Europe has increased the population of red haired humans in the Americas, Australia, New Zealand and
1869:
Nonetheless, individuals and families in
Britain are targeted for harassment and violence because of their hair colour. In 2003, a 20-year-old was stabbed in the back for "being ginger". In 2007, a UK woman won an award from a tribunal after being sexually harassed and receiving abuse because of her
1907:
presenting a show in which celebrities (played by themselves) dyed their hair red for a day and went about daily life being insulted by people; Hucknall, who says that he has repeatedly faced prejudice or been described as ugly on account of his hair colour, argues that
Gingerism should be described
686:
can be produced under low light conditions. However, when UV-radiation is strong (as in regions close to the equator) the lower concentration of melanin leads to several medical disadvantages, such as a higher risk of skin cancer. The MC1R variant gene that gives people red hair generally results in
1819:
described an incident of harassment: "The second son, John, was born in 1750. As a boy he had bright red hair, and it is amusingly recorded that one day in the streets of
Norwich a number of boys followed him, pointing to his red locks and saying, "Look at that boy; he's got a bonfire on the top of
749:
The genes responsible for red hair can express themselves to different extents in different people. One consequence of this is that a number of people have both dark hair and red beards. This may reflect the presence of a single copy of the MC1R gene, leading to differential expression in the beard
517:
of China are recorded with red hair. According to F.M Savina of the Paris
Foreign Missionary Society, the appearance of the Miao was "pale yellow in complexion, almost white, their hair is often light or dark brown, sometimes even red or corn-silk blond, and a few even have pale blue eyes". A
1738:
tells us, human sacrifices were offered at the grave of Osiris, and the victims were red-haired men who were burned, their ashes being scattered far and wide by winnowing-fans. It is held by some authorities that this was done to fertilize the fields and produce a bounteous harvest, red-hair
5201:
As he argued in his mind and heart, he slid his huge sword part way from its sheath. At that moment, Athena came down from heaven. White-armed Hera sent her. She cherished both men, cared for them equally. Athena stood behind
Achilles, grabbed him by his golden hair, invisible to all except
6246:
any of my
Singaporean friends felt the term 'ang moh' was definitely racist. Said one, with surprising finality: 'The original term was "ang moh gui" which means "red hair devil" in Hokkien. That's definitely racist.' However, the 'gui' bit has long been dropped from the term, defanging it
1878:
had his right arm broken and his head stamped on by three men who attacked him "just because he had red hair"; the three men were subsequently jailed for a combined total of ten years and one month for the attack. This prejudice has been satirised on a number of TV shows. English comedian
783:
concluded that red hair is not the result of positive selection but of a lack of negative selection. In Africa, for example, red hair is selected against because high levels of sun harm pale skin. However, in
Northern Europe this does not happen, so redheads can become more common through
1207:
Sometimes, red hair darkens as people get older, becoming a more brownish color or losing some of its vividness. This leads some to associate red hair with youthfulness, a quality that is generally considered desirable. In several countries such as India, Iran, Bangladesh and
Pakistan,
352:
In Italy, red hair is found at a frequency of 0.57% of the total population, without variation in frequency across the different regions of the country. In
Sardinia, red hair is found at a frequency of 0.24% of the population. In Italy, red hair was associated with Italian Jews, and
1354:
since 2011, claims to be a global celebration and attracts people from several continents. The celebrations include crowning the ginger King and Queen, competitions for the best red eyebrows and most freckles per square inch, orchestral concerts and carrot throwing competitions.
5242:
As these thoughts went through his mind, and he began to draw the great sword from the sheath, Athena came down from heaven: Queen Hera sent her, loving and anxious at once. She stood behind him and held him back by his long red hair. No other man saw her but
Achilles
1373:
red-heads. However, the number of attendees has to be restricted due to the risk of rocket attacks, leading to anger in the red-hair community. The organizers state; "The event is a good thing for many redheads, who had been embarrassed about being redheads before."
6207:
A Dictionary of the Hok-Këèn Dialect of the Chinese Language, according to the Reading and Colloquial Idioms; containing about 12,000 Characters … Accompanied by a Short Historical and Statistical Account of Hok-Këèn; a Treatise on the Orthography of the … Dialect,
1970:
received criticism after a "Kick a Ginger" group, which aimed to establish a "National Kick a Ginger Day" on 20 November, acquired almost 5,000 members. A 14-year-old boy from Vancouver who ran the Facebook group was subjected to an investigation by the
6416:), also appeared in 1787. … 'Red-hair miscellany' is the first book which contains a relatively extensive description of the daily life of the Dutch residents in the confinements of Deshima, the man made island allotted to them in the Bay of Nagasaki.
922:
Two studies have demonstrated that people with red hair have different sensitivity to pain to people with other hair colors. One study found that women with red hair are slightly more sensitive to thermal pain (associated with naturally occurring low
826:
magazine and unnamed "geneticists", said that red hair is likely to die out in the near future. Other blogs and news sources ran similar stories that attributed the research to the magazine or the "Oxford Hair Foundation". However, a
228:, making it the red head capital of the world. In 1907, the largest ever study of hair colour in Scotland, which analysed over 500,000 people, found the percentage of Scots with red hair to be 5.3%. A 1956 study of hair colour among
2101:("foreign devil"). Thus it is viewed as racist and derogatory by some people. Others, however, maintain it is acceptable. Despite this ambiguity, it is a widely used term. It appears, for instance, in Singaporean newspapers such as
698:
Red hair can originate from several changes on the MC1R-gene. If one of these changes is present on both chromosomes, then the respective individual is likely to have red hair. This type of inheritance is described as an autosomal
3911:
897:
researchers. Sunshine can both be good and bad for a person's health and the different alleles on MC1R represent these adaptations. It also has been shown that individuals with pale skin are highly susceptible to a variety of
2005:
as a "ginger rodent". Alexander responded to the insult by stating that he was "proud to be ginger". Harman was subsequently forced to apologise for the comment, after facing criticism for prejudice against a minority group.
1874:, was forced to move twice after being targeted for abuse and hate crimes on account of their red hair. In May 2009, a schoolboy committed suicide after being bullied for having red hair. In 2013, a fourteen-year-old boy in
714:(fraternal) twins indicate that the MC1R gene is not solely responsible for the red hair phenotype; unidentified modifier genes exist, making variance in the MC1R gene necessary, but not sufficient, for red hair production.
1842:, the word "ginger" is sometimes used to describe red-headed people (at times in an insulting manner), with terms such as "gingerphobia" and "gingerism" used by the British media. It is roughly the color of dried, powdered
1523:
usually depict her as having long flowing red hair, although a description of her hair color was never mentioned in the Bible, and it is possible the color is an effect caused by pigment degradation in the ancient paint.
6247:
considerably. … Both 'ang moh gui' and 'gwailo' – Cantonese for 'ghost (white) guy' – originated from the initial Chinese suspicion of foreigners way back in those days when the country saw itself as the Middle Kingdom.
957:
The unexpected relationship of hair color to pain tolerance appears to exist because redheads have a mutation in a hormone receptor that can apparently respond to at least two types of hormones: the pigmentation-driving
170:
Cultural reactions to red hair have been varied. The term "redhead" has been in use since at least 1510, while the term "ginger" is sometimes used, especially in Britain and Ireland, to describe a person with red hair.
954:. However, a later study of 468 healthy adult patients found no significant difference in recovery times, pain scores, or quality of recovery in those with red hair compared with dark hair in either men or women.
6085:
5482:
A glossary: or, Collection of words, phrases, names, and allusions to customs, proverbs, etc., which have been thought to require illustration, in the words of English authors, particularly Shakespeare, and his
1772:. The antisemitic association persisted into modern times in Soviet Russia. The medieval prejudice against red-hair may have derived from the ancient biblical tradition, in relation to biblical figures such as
6512:
Dutch taste dictated a new style of export lacquer known as 'komo shikki' ('red hair' – a common term for Northern Europeans), in which elaborate gold-lacquer decoration replaced the complex inlays of Nanban
305:
as having ruddy hair and skin tone. Later by the 10th century, Southern Slavic populations would have darker hair and skin tone, as the Slavs assimilated the indigenous inhabitants of the Balkans, including
3407:
A Supplement to the English Universal History: Lately Published in London: Containing ... Remarks and Annotations on the Universal History, Designed as an Improvement and Illustration of that Work ...
1764:
was commonly depicted as red-haired in Italian and Spanish art. Writers from Shakespeare to Dickens would identify Jewish characters by giving them red hair, such as the villainous Jewish characters
3172:
In appearance the Miao are pale yellow in complexion, almost white, their hair is often light or dark brown, sometimes even red or corn-silk blond, and a few even have pale blue eyes”- F.M, Savina
336:
Jewish populations. In 1903, 5.6% of Polish Jews had red hair. Other studies have found that 3.69% of Jewish women overall were found to have red hair, but around 10.9% of all Jewish men have red
2498:
3292:
4152:
Rees JL (2002b) Skin cancer (including nevoid basal cell carcinoma syndrome). In: Vogelstein B, Kinzler K (eds) The genetic basis of human cancer, 2nd ed. McGraw-Hill, New York, pp. 529–548
605:
are also reported by some classical Greek authors to be blue-eyed and red-haired. It was once believed that Sarmatians owed their name to their red hair, but this claim was later debunked.
763:
Red hair is the rarest natural hair color in humans. The non-tanning skin associated with red hair may have been advantageous in far-northern climates where sunlight is scarce. Studies by
1820:
his head," and that John Gurney was so disgusted that he went to a barber's, had his head shaved, and went home in a wig. He grew up, however, a remarkably attractive-looking young man."
1756:, people of red hair were identified as Jewish and isolated for persecution. In medieval Italy and Spain, red hair was associated with the heretical nature of Jews and their rejection of
357:
was traditionally depicted as red-haired in Italian and Spanish art. In European culture, before the 20th century, red hair was often seen as a stereotypically Jewish trait: during the
4640:"A missense mutation disrupting a dibasic prohormone processing site in pro-opiomelanocortin (POMC) increases susceptibility to early-onset obesity through a novel molecular mechanism"
4989:
4004:
986:
instead. MC1R also occurs in the brain, where it is one of a large set of POMC-related receptors that are apparently involved not only in responding to MSH, but also in responses to
224:
also has a high percentage of people with red hair. In Scotland, around 6% of the population has red hair, with the highest concentration of red head carriers in the world found in
5317:
The child subsequently born to her was called Pyrrhus ('red-haired'), either because he had red hair or because the disguised Achilles had been known at Lycomedes' court as Pyrrha.
950:
than do either women of other hair colors or men of any hair color. A follow-up study by the same group showed that men and women with red hair had a greater analgesic response to
1944:
as having red hair. However, children with red hair are often themselves targeted by bullies; "Somebody with ginger hair will stand out from the crowd," says anti-bullying expert
2949:"Their pigmentation is characteristically brunet, but definite blonds occur. Black and dark brown hair run to 85 percent (85%) of the whole, while reds number 4 percent (4%)",
2314:
Valverde P, Healy E, Jackson I, Rees JL, Thody AJ (1995). "Variants of the melanocyte-stimulating hormone receptor gene are associated with red hair and fair skin in humans".
5018:
3919:
69:
974:(MC1R) gene that produces an altered receptor for MSH. Melanocytes, the cells that produce pigment in skin and hair, use the MC1R to recognize and respond to MSH from the
6076:
2409:
678:
on MC1R associated with red hair. The number of alleles linked to red hair has since been expanded by other authors, and these variants are now identified as the RHC (
3524:
red hair color (RHC), and subsequently, several other authors have extended these results to identify what are today called the RHC phenotype alleles (all SNPs, Box,
1347:. It attracts participants from over 80 countries. The international event began in 2005, when Dutch painter Bart Rouwenhorst decided he wanted to paint 15 redheads.
3741:
Morgan, Michael D.; Pairo-Castineira, Erola; Rawlik, Konrad; Canela-Xandri, Oriol; Rees, Jonathan; Sims, David; Tenesa, Albert; Jackson, Ian J. (10 December 2018).
6290:
2653:
2001:, the former Equality Minister in the British government under Labour, faced accusations of prejudice after she described the red-haired Treasury secretary
2299:
When someone has both of their MC1R genes mutated, this conversion doesn't happen anymore and you get a buildup of pheomelanin, which results in red hair
4874:
931:
was significantly less effective in reducing pain. Another study concluded that redheads are less sensitive to pain from multiple modalities, including
3825:
Flanagan, Niamh; Healy, Eugene; Ray, Amanda; Philips, Sion; Todd, Carole; Jackson, Ian J.; Birch-Machin, Mark A.; Rees, Jonathan L. (12 October 2000).
2489:
1013:
Most red hair is caused by the MC1R gene and is non-pathological. However, in rare cases red hair can be associated with disease or genetic disorders:
5982:
5047:
1955:, redheads are often nicknamed "Blue" or "Bluey". More recently, they have been referred to as "rangas" (a word derived from the red-haired ape, the
6012:
3034:
3311:
1808:
wrote "The prejudice against habitual silence, among the lower order of the people, is almost as inveterate as the prejudice against red hair."
1095:
1739:
symbolizing the golden wealth of the corn. But these men were called Typhonians, and were representatives not of Osiris but of his evil rival
6166:
4997:
4215:
4001:
997:
There is little or no evidence to support the belief that people with red hair have a higher chance than people with other hair colors to
6306:
6184:
6048:
5826:
3351:"Men make gods in their own image; those of the Ethiopians are black and snub-nosed, those of the Thracians have blue eyes and red hair."
1615:
329:
in Russia to be "the most red-headed men in the world". The Volga region still has one of the highest percentages of red-headed people.
5632:
Shakespeare and the Mediterranean: the selected proceedings of the International Shakespeare Association World Congress, Valencia, 2001
4807:
6491:
Several Dutch surgical schools were founded through which Dutch surgery, known in Japan as 'surgery of the red-haired' was propagated.
6277:
To have my Chinese Singaporean friends call me 'ang moh' is more humorous than anything else. As no insult is intended, none is taken.
6497:
3157:
1915:
The pejorative use of the word "ginger" and related discrimination was used to illustrate a point about racism and prejudice in the "
1063:
There have also been rare reports of scalp or beard hair spontaneously turning partially red, with no identified pathological cause.
501:
were described as fair-skinned, green- or blue-eyed and red-haired people with a mixture of European and East Asian features. In the
4249:
4143:
Rees JL (2002a) Molecular phototypes. In: Ortonne J-P, Ballotti R (eds) Mechanisms of suntanning. Martin Dunitz, London, pp 333–339
1890:
659:
gives red hair its distinctive color. Red hair has far more of the pigment pheomelanin than it has of the dark pigment eumelanin.
3933:
1071:
5354:
He had a mass of red hair and a red beard and, when roused, a fearsome voice and a penetrating gaze under beetling red eyebrows.
1893:, who was forced to seek solace in a refuge for ginger people because she had been ostracised from society. The British comedy
218:
has the highest number of red-haired people per capita in the world, with the percentage of those with red hair at around 10%.
5526:
6605:
6569:
6401:
6376:
5506:
5340:
5303:
5269:
5228:
5187:
5128:
4792:
3887:
3509:
2997:
2798:
2766:
2708:
2663:
2636:
2469:
1734:
Those whose hair is red, of a certain peculiar shade, are unmistakably vampires. It is significant that in ancient Egypt, as
6526:
6124:
1180:
in England, red hair was fashionable for women. In modern times, red hair is subject to fashion trends; celebrities such as
3129:
Helfen-Maenchen, Otto, The World of the Huns: Studies of Their History and Culture, pp.373. University of California Press
1688:. They concluded that red hair was associated with crimes of lust, and claimed that 48% of "criminal women" were redheads.
278:
3458:
3353:
1645:
remarks that "People with red hair are supposed to get mad very easily, but Allie never did, and he had very red hair."
263:
798:
also had red hair, although the mutation responsible for this differs from that which causes red hair in modern humans.
3612:
3201:
3193:
3107:
2081:, although it refers to all white people, never exclusively people with red hair. The epithet is sometimes rendered as
1846:. In Britain, redheads are also sometimes referred to disparagingly as "carrot tops" and "carrot heads" (the comedian "
990:
and possibly other POMC-derived hormones. Though the details are not clearly understood, it appears that there is some
6258:
As an 'ang moh' who has lived here for over six years, I hope more people will realise just how offensive the term is.
1121:
791:
Estimates on the original occurrence of the currently active gene for red hair vary from 20,000 to 100,000 years ago.
691:. Because of the natural tanning reaction to the sun's ultraviolet light and high amounts of pheomelanin in the skin,
6298:
5536:
4768:
3385:
3361:
3165:
3147:
2735:
2445:
1419:
850:, the expression of which can skip generations. It is not likely to disappear at any time in the foreseeable future.
6498:"Japanning for southern barbarians: Some of the first items traded with the West were decorated with maki-e lacquer"
3682:
H. Eiberg & J. Mohr (August 1987). "Major locus for red hair color linked to MNS blood groups on chromosome 4".
2435:
5054:
5679:
3183:
1339:
festival in the Netherlands that attracts red-haired participants from around the world. The festival was held in
1271:" (1891) involves a man who is asked to become a member of a mysterious group of red-headed people. The 1943 film
5144:
4964:
1233:
1001:
or suffer other bleeding complications. One study, however, reports a link between red hair and a higher rate of
779:
production and also allows the individual to retain heat better than someone with darker skin. In 2000, Harding
5704:
4824:
3228:
3134:
2160:
1859:
1112:
959:
2017:, announced that it would no longer accept donations from red-haired men due to low demand from women seeking
4724:
4072:
3853:
2038:
1972:
4226:
3004:
northeast of Kabul, however, the local population includes many people with blond or red hair and blue or...
3050:"Pastoralists and mobility in the Oglakhty cemetery of southern Siberia: new evidence from stable isotopes"
1963:, a reddish-brown color) has been used in both Australian and British slang to refer to red-headed people.
1173:
822:
2830:, Princeton University Press, 15 Feb 2013, Luigi Luca Cavalli-Sforza, Antonio Moroni, Gianna Zei, page 270
738:
may also be related to red hair. There are at least 8 genetic differences associated with red hair color.
6535:] (in Japanese and Taiwanese Hokkien). Vol. 1. Taihoku: Governor-General of Taiwan. p. 94.
6383:
The culture which entered Japan through the Dutch language was called Kōmō culture – Kōmō means red hair.
3959:
Culotta, Elizabeth (26 October 2007). "Ancient DNA Reveals Neandertals With Red Hair, Fair Complexions".
3684:
1816:
6390:"Academic Traditions, Urban Dynamics and Colonial Threat: The Rise of Ethnography in Early Modern Japan"
6023:
5513:
Anglicised form of the Irish Gaelic names Ruaidhri, Ruari, and the Scottish Gaelic Ruairidh and Ruaraidh
5990:
2917:
839:, and that other experts had dismissed the research as either lacking in evidence or simply bogus. The
5118:
4378:"The melanocortin-1 receptor gene mediates female-specific mechanisms of analgesia in mice and humans"
1460:
561:
have a significant incidence of mixed-fair hair, caused by a genetic mutation different from European
6598:
4575:
3452:
3326:
1273:
768:
6148:
4576:"Women with Red Hair Report a Slightly Increased Rate of Bruising but Have Normal Coagulation Tests"
3657:
3564:"Characterization of melanocyte stimulating hormone receptor variant alleles in twins with red hair"
1792:, even though the original Hebrew Torah implies that both King David and Esau had 'fiery red hair'.
467:. Many of the hair samples appear red in color, and one skull from the cemetery had a preserved red
6722:
6717:
3499:
1571:
809:
41:
4528:
Kumar VV, Kumar NV, Isaacson G (November 2004). "Superstition and post-tonsillectomy hemorrhage".
6732:
6106:
5935:
5904:
5864:
5768:
5465:
4672:
Krude H, Biebermann H, Gruters A (June 2003). "Mutations in the human proopiomelanocortin gene".
3727:
2365:
2018:
1885:
1415:
971:
911:
667:
113:
17:
5648:
Interpretation of Scripture in Early Judaism and Christianity: Studies in Language and Tradition
4760:
4754:
2280:
5878:
4875:"One Ginger's Top Ten List of Red Headed Superheroes (and Villains) - Women Write About Comics"
4164:"Increased sensitivity to thermal pain and reduced subcutaneous lidocaine efficacy in redheads"
1924:
1637:
1305:
1260:
1143:
951:
6314:
6040:
5839:
5814:
4280:"Melanocortin-1 receptor gene variants affect pain and mu-opioid analgesia in mice and humans"
3448:
3375:
3354:
Xenophanes of Colophon: Fragments, Xenophanes, J. H. Lesher, University of Toronto Press, 2001
3097:
2758:
2752:
2626:
843:
article in fact states, "while redheads may decline, the potential for red isn't going away".
6409:
6389:
6360:
6202:
5564:
4849:
3405:
3218:
2725:
1672:
1377:
The first and only festival for red heads in the United States was launched in 2015. Held in
1268:
1167:
237:
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1649:
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was over 6 feet (1.8 m) tall and had red strands of hair in his long beard. The ethnic
6758:
6591:
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4681:
4389:
3754:
3182:
Chao Romero, Robert; Ong, James; Guillermo-Wann, Chelsea; Logia, Jenifer (3 October 2019).
2285:
1828:
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907:
105:
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4027:
3016:
Studies, American University (Washington, D.C.) Foreign Area; Smith, Harvey Henry (1969).
2386:
Joanna Scuts; Red hair : a blessing or a curse ?; Washington Post; June 12, 2015
2128:(1603–1868) as an epithet for Dutch or Northern European people. It primarily referred to
1606:("king"). However, present bearers of the name are by no means all red-haired themselves.
8:
6763:
6331:
6061:
5661:
2975:
2218:
2010:
1945:
1883:(herself a redhead) appeared as a red-haired character in a running sketch of her series
1871:
1753:
1535:
1193:
994:
between the POMC hormones that may explain the link between red hair and pain tolerance.
991:
879:
836:
537:
military forces after being conquered by the Mongols. In the Chinese historical document
510:
358:
97:
5264:. Trans. Augustus Taber Murray, William F. Wyatt. Harvard University Press. p. 27.
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4437:"The Effect of Hair Colour on Anaesthetic Requirements and Recovery Time after Surgery"
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3244:
Halperin, C. (2000). "The Kipchak connection: The Ilkhans, the Mamluks and Ayn Jalut".
3028:
2895:
2592:
2580:
2549:
2339:
2281:"Neither my husband nor I have redheads in our family. How did our child get red hair?"
2142:
1660:
1551:
1378:
1359:
975:
942:. Another study showed women with gene variants associated with red hair had a greater
741:
In species other than primates, red hair has different genetic origins and mechanisms.
248:
4412:
4377:
4046:"Pleiotropic effects of the melanocortin 1 receptor (MC1R) gene on human pigmentation"
3945:
3827:"Pleiotropic effects of the melanocortin 1 receptor (MC1R) gene on human pigmentation"
3807:
3743:"Genome-wide study of hair colour in UK Biobank explains most of the SNP heritability"
3278:
Kenny, E, et al., "Melanesian Blond Hair Is Caused by an Amino Acid Change in TYRP1",
2168:
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Jewish hearts: a study of dynamic ethnicity in the United States and the Soviet Union
2794:
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2584:
2541:
2441:
2331:
2154:
2103:
1920:
1832:
1685:
1652:
1625:
A common belief about redheads is that they have fiery tempers and sharp tongues. In
1301:
1250:
1238:
1228:
1133:
978:
gland. Melanocyte-stimulating hormones normally stimulates melanocytes to make black
621:
164:
100:
ancestry and lesser frequency in other populations. It is most common in individuals
6486:
5542:
4709:
4557:
4012:
3988:
3713:
3048:
Shishlina, N.; Pankova, S.; Sevastyanov, V.; Kuznetsova, O.; Demidenko, Yu. (2016).
2596:
1159:
6614:
6466:
6450:
6430:
6368:
6340:
5152:
4689:
4651:
4595:
4587:
4537:
4500:
4492:
4448:
4407:
4397:
4348:
4340:
4299:
4291:
4183:
4175:
4116:
4108:
4067:
4057:
3968:
3848:
3838:
3778:
3762:
3693:
3629:
3621:
3575:
3404:
Baumgarten, Siegmund Jakob; Beer, Ferdinand Wilhelm; Semler, Johann Salomo (1760).
3253:
3061:
2950:
2913:
2887:
2793:
Maurice Fishberg (1911). Jews, race & environment. 99. Transaction Publishers.
2576:
2533:
2343:
2323:
2224:
1987:
1952:
1875:
1715:
1648:
During the early stages of modern medicine, red hair was thought to be a sign of a
1642:
816:
589:
Several accounts by Greek writers mention redheaded people. A fragment by the poet
554:
290:
120:
89:
49:
5721:
4892:
1465:), usually translated as blonde, or golden but sometimes as red or tawny. His son
6727:
6559:
5480:
5442:
5330:
5293:
5259:
5218:
5177:
4811:
4008:
3972:
3472:
3189:
2966:"There are, however, a noticeable number of Kabyles with red hair, blue eyes and
2146:
2066:
2002:
1895:
1839:
1681:
1595:
1531:
1473:
1366:
1264:
1246:
1242:
1185:
1177:
1100:
1080:
932:
704:
429:
382:
381:
have occasional redheads. Red hair frequency is especially significant among the
197:
140:
93:
31:
5366:
1139:
1118:
In various times and cultures, red hair has been prized, feared, and ridiculed.
4938:
4759:, Princeton, N.J.: Princeton University Press (British Museum Press), pp.
4453:
4436:
4382:
Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
3766:
2526:
The Journal of the Royal Anthropological Institute of Great Britain and Ireland
2252:
1998:
1983:
1880:
1805:
1761:
1667:
1555:
1527:
1520:
1411:
1343:, a city in the south east of the Netherlands, prior to 2019, when it moved to
1201:
700:
530:
441:
209:
201:
124:
6470:
5956:
5912:
3257:
3022:
They are generally of medium, slender physique, with dark, sometimes red, hair
270:
101:
6747:
6673:
6365:
Concepts of Chinese Science and Traditional Healing Arts: A Historical Review
5618:, Laterza, Bari 1998 (Italian book, chapter 2 about the recipe of Theophilus
4656:
4639:
4625:
4031:
3774:
2929:
2628:
The Early Slavs: Eastern Europe from the Initial Settlement to the Kievan Rus
2545:
2248:
1904:
1900:
1581:
1427:
1181:
1076:
828:
785:
764:
671:
617:
498:
490:
478:
464:
433:
386:
370:
322:
318:
221:
205:
109:
6540:
4723:
Prasad, Vijeta; Mohta, Alpana; Srinivasa, Rekha; Ghiya, Bhikamchand (2022).
4402:
4295:
4062:
4045:
3843:
3826:
3580:
3563:
2862:
The Jewish Persona in the European Imagination: A Case of Russian Literature
1784:
would mistranslate the Hebrew Torah to describe the more positive figure of
938:
Researchers have found that people with red hair require greater amounts of
6478:
6457:
Thomas M. van Gulik; Yuji Nimura (January 2005). "Dutch Surgery in Japan".
6442:
4701:
4665:
4609:
4549:
4514:
4462:
4421:
4362:
4313:
4211:
4197:
4130:
4081:
3980:
3897:
3862:
3792:
3643:
2823:
2821:
2588:
1632:
1591:
1370:
1278:
1254:
1189:
1018:
795:
735:
578:
534:
519:
449:
326:
229:
175:
132:
62:
5479:
Nares, Robert; Halliwell-Phillipps, James Orchard; Wright, Thomas (1859).
3705:
3589:
2335:
1959:), sometimes with derogatory connotations. The word "rufus" (a variant of
1219:
Many painters have exhibited a fascination with red hair. The hair color "
6658:
6628:
6502:
3740:
3066:
3049:
2256:
2129:
1916:
1909:
1699:
describes how the blood of a red-haired young man is necessary to create
1466:
1435:
1431:
1395:
MC1R Magazine is a publication for red-haired people worldwide, based in
1369:, for the local Israeli red hair community, including both Ashkenazi and
1351:
1336:
1328:
1286:
1282:
1220:
1088:
1026:
983:
982:, but if the melanocytes have a mutated receptor, they will make reddish
947:
899:
875:
750:
versus the scalp hair. However, some red-bearded people lack MC1R genes.
688:
656:
613:
574:
570:
558:
514:
502:
486:
445:
414:
302:
144:
128:
3877:
2818:
1045:
893:
Red hair and its relationship to UV sensitivity are of interest to many
878:, but fair-skinned persons lack the levels of melanin needed to prevent
474:
6686:
6663:
6643:
6633:
6352:
6329:
Ranzaburo Otori (1964). "The Acceptance of Western Medicine in Japan".
6167:"Harriet Harman apologises for 'ginger rodent' jibe at Danny Alexander"
5742:
5650:, Craig A. Evans, Bloomsbury Publishing, 13 December 2004, page 177-178
5578:
5416:
5391:
5050:
2967:
2899:
2567:
Sunderland E (May 1956). "Hair-color variation in the United Kingdom".
2553:
2395:
Jacky Collis Harvey; A History of the Redhead; 2018; Running Press; USA
2327:
2244:
2206:
2201:
2196:
2132:
traders who were the only Europeans allowed to trade with Japan during
2125:
2014:
1933:
1863:
1851:
1847:
1785:
1777:
1469:
also bears the name Pyrrhus, a possible reference to his own red hair.
1197:
1049:
998:
987:
970:, and are structurally similar). Specifically, redheads have a mutated
963:
939:
886:
and decrease tanning ability. It has been found that Europeans who are
632:
609:
602:
590:
344:
that red hair is Jewish remains in parts of Eastern Europe and Russia.
341:
282:
252:
152:
136:
6434:
5068:
1635:, the redheaded heroine, that "her temper matches her hair", while in
6681:
6648:
4853:
4828:
3047:
2655:
The Early Slavs: Culture and Society in Early Medieval Eastern Europe
2211:
2092:
2078:
1956:
1912:, himself a redhead, also covered the topic in his song "Prejudice".
1677:
1452:
1297:
1293:
979:
943:
928:
924:
883:
776:
723:
711:
683:
594:
468:
460:
333:
311:
298:
225:
156:
148:
6421:
Veldman, Jan E. (2002). "A Historical Vignette: Red-Hair Medicine".
6344:
5447:. Vol. 2. Leavitt, Trow, & Co. July 1851. pp. 315–317.
2891:
2875:
2537:
2521:
1823:
1241:
as a redhead. Other painters notable for their redheads include the
703:. Even if both parents do not have red hair themselves, both can be
6583:
4112:
3728:"Hair color gene study sheds new light on roots of redheads' locks"
3625:
3422:
3185:
Mixed Race Student Politics: A Rising "Third Wave" Movement at UCLA
2357:
2074:
1986:
which had the image of a child with red hair sitting on the lap of
1967:
1941:
1928:
1781:
1723:
1708:
1656:
1448:
1407:
1389:
1041:
1002:
903:
894:
887:
863:
832:
663:
526:
506:
494:
456:
455:
Several preserved samples of human hair have been obtained from an
410:
294:
74:
4965:"Ginger Pride festival will be held in 2016 to celebrate redheads"
4638:
Challis BG, Pritchard LE, Creemers JW, et al. (August 2002).
1384:
A festival to celebrate the red-haired people is held annually in
1311:
A book of photographs of red haired people was published in 2020,
1227:, who often painted women with red hair. Early Renaissance artist
5908:
4628:
Ed Friedlander, M.D., Pathologist. Last updated 24 September 2006
3181:
2157:
2070:
1765:
1735:
1727:
1396:
1385:
1381:, Redhead Days draws participants from across the United States.
1344:
1213:
1030:
871:
772:
692:
628:
437:
421:
406:
402:
397:
378:
374:
215:
160:
6125:"I too have ginger hair. Abusing us is not acceptable prejudice"
2490:"Edinburgh is surprise capital of redheaded Britain and Ireland"
1609:
1362:
in London, with the aim of instilling pride in having red-hair.
1083:
with red hair and her distinct facial features, wearing a royal
730:
are shown to be recessives for the red hair phenotype. The gene
541:, the Kipchak people are described as red haired and blue-eyed.
6077:"Facebook 'Kick a Ginger' campaign prompts attacks on redheads"
5048:"Photos: We Visited The Only Festival For Redheads In The U.S."
3423:"Тохтасьев С. Р. Sauromatae - Syrmatae - Sarmatae, ХСб 14 2005"
3153:
2184:
2150:
2134:
2097:
2046:
2033:
1960:
1855:
1843:
1740:
1704:
1666:
Another belief is that redheads are highly sexed; for example,
1482:
The Hebrew word usually translated "ruddy" or "reddish-brown" (
1358:
A smaller red-hair day festival is held since 2013 by the UK's
1224:
1108:
1084:
1034:
847:
695:
are a common, but not universal, feature of red-haired people.
675:
598:
337:
307:
57:
6456:
5478:
5223:. Trans. William Henry Denham Rouse. Penguin. pp. 14–15.
5182:. Trans. Ian Johnston, Ian C. Johnston. Penguin. p. 210.
5034:
Finally, a Red Alert This Summer That (Most) Israelis Welcomed
5019:
Fifty shades of orange: A conference on Kibbutz Gezer redheads
2808:
2806:
1903:) featured a spoof documentary which involved a caricature of
1858:, although this is widely disputed, and bodies such as the UK
1323:
635:
individuals were described as having ruddy hair. For example,
6638:
5444:
The eclectic magazine of foreign literature, science, and art
5255:
5214:
5173:
5086:
4814:
Plant Cultures: Exploring plants and people. 18 November 2004
1979:
1769:
1757:
1719:
1513:
1458:
1443:
1340:
1209:
1104:
1022:
640:
608:
In Asia, red or auburn hair has been found among the ancient
562:
489:
have been discovered in various parts of Asia, including the
425:
354:
233:
6252:
Ashley, Sean (5 November 2004). "Stop calling me ang moh ".
2857:
2855:
890:
for red hair exhibit increased sensitivity to UV radiation.
882:. Studies have shown that red hair alleles in MC1R increase
853:
771:(1976) hypothesized that lighter skin pigmentation prevents
5625:
5580:
Gulliver's Travels into Several Remote Nations of the World
4376:
Mogil JS, Wilson SG, Chesler EJ, et al. (April 2003).
2803:
2410:"Celts' red hair could be attributed to the cloudy weather"
1789:
1773:
1718:, red hair and green eyes were thought to be the sign of a
1700:
1509:
1505:
1501:
1476:
967:
727:
636:
544:
5840:"'Red hair revenge' attack on Lincoln boy sees men jailed"
4435:
Myles, P. S.; Buchanan, F. F.; Bain, C. R. (1 July 2012).
1788:
as 'golden haired', in contrast to the negative figure of
6214:'s Press by G.J. Steyn and Brother. p. 481, col. 1.
4939:"The Irish Redhead Convention takes place in County Cork"
4722:
4250:"Do redheads really feel more pain? The jury's still out"
2852:
2698:
1048:
albinism), sometimes seen in Africans and inhabitants of
6525:
Naoyoshi Ogawa, ed. (1931–1932). "âng-mn̂g-siâⁿ (紅毛城)".
6022:. Oxford University Press. November 2012. Archived from
4637:
4327:
Liem EB, Lin CM, Suleman MI, et al. (August 2004).
4278:
Mogil JS, Ritchie J, Smith SB, et al. (July 2005).
4044:
Flanagan N, Healy E, Ray A, et al. (October 2000).
2313:
2026:
1402:
481:, Australian footballer of Afghan and Nicaraguan descent
6149:"Harriet Harman says 'ginger rodent' comment was wrong"
4161:
3824:
3681:
3293:"Journal of the Polynesian Society: Front Matter P 1-6"
2782:
Elkind. Evrei Trudi Antropologitshes-kavo Amdilla, xxi.
616:
in what is now the northwesternmost province of China.
6224:, red haired, generally applied to the English people.
4671:
3246:
Bulletin of the School of Oriental and African Studies
2114:
are the same as those in the historical Japanese term
643:(Gen. 25:25; 1 Sam. 16:12, 17:42.), are described as "
549:
143:. Characterized by high levels of the reddish pigment
6201:
5417:"Biblos Strong's Exhaustive Concordance of the Bible"
5392:"Biblos Strong's Exhaustive Concordance of the Bible"
2924:. New York: The Macmillan Company. pp. 480–482.
2906:
2828:
Consanguinity, Inbreeding, and Genetic Drift in Italy
1994:" after customers complained the card was offensive.
1350:
The Irish Redhead Convention, held in late August in
1216:
are used on hair to give it a bright red appearance.
1029:, is a sign of critical starvation caused chiefly by
420:
In Asia, red hair can be found among some peoples of
361:, all those with red hair were identified as Jewish.
5603:
Criminal Woman, the Prostitute, and the Normal Woman
3875:
3808:"Why do some men have red beards, but not red hair?"
3605:
3403:
2864:, By Leonid Livak, (Stanford University Press 2010).
1940:
Film and television programmes often portray school
1598:
and their diasporas – means "red-haired king", from
1292:
Notable comic book characters with red hair include
6524:
6288:
6185:"Sperm bank can't find takers for red-haired genes"
3608:"Evidence for Variable Selective Pressures at MC1R"
2873:
1365:Since 2014, a red-hair event is held in Israel, at
775:in colder climates by encouraging higher levels of
204:of Europe; it is centred around populations in the
191:
6412:'s] book on the Dutch, 'Red-hair miscellany' (
6396:. Richmond, Surrey: Curzon. pp. 40–64 at 53.
6075:
5983:"Australian slang – a story of Australian English"
4725:"Heterochromia of beard hair - A rare case report"
4527:
4375:
4225:
3102:. John Benjamins Publishing Company. p. 108.
2488:
1008:
846:Red hair is caused by a relatively rare recessive
255:, Serbian prince and Orthodox monk, was a redhead.
6387:
6304:
5827:Schoolboy bullied over ginger hair hanged himself
5601:Nicole Hahn Rafter (ed), Lombroso & Ferraro,
4481:"Anesthetic requirement is increased in redheads"
4479:Liem EB, Lin CM, Suleman MI, et al. (2004).
4434:
4329:"Anesthetic requirement is increased in redheads"
4277:
4162:Liem EB, Joiner TV, Tsueda K, Sessler DI (2005).
4073:20.500.11820/ed3cb955-ec0f-4b4a-844e-cd806ca785ce
3854:20.500.11820/ed3cb955-ec0f-4b4a-844e-cd806ca785ce
1831:, Holy Roman Emperor from 1155 to 1190, from the
1620:
533:ethnic group from Central Asia who served in the
485:Ancient human remains described as having red or
364:
6745:
6394:Anthropology and Colonialism in Asia and Oceania
5332:Ring of Seasons: Iceland—Its Culture and History
4795:, image plates and captions between pp. 246-247.
4785:Cleopatra the Great: The Woman Behind the Legend
4751:"Painting with a portrait of a woman in profile"
4043:
4023:
4021:
3606:Harding, Rosalind M.; et al. (April 2000).
3220:Medieval Researches from Eastern Asiatic Sources
2880:Journal of the Anthropological Society of London
1414:is commonly portrayed with long red hair, as in
6420:
6392:. In van Bremen, Jan; Akitoshi Shimizu (eds.).
6328:
6113:. 14 December 2009. Retrieved 28 December 2009.
5743:"Oxford English Dictionary s.v. "ginger" II.5b"
5638:, (University of Delaware Press, 2004), page 40
2987:
2750:
2522:"Memoir on the Pigmentation Survey of Scotland"
966:(both derive from the same precursor molecule,
831:article says that the foundation was funded by
232:recruits also found high levels of red hair in
5528:Learn about the family history of your surname
5367:"Strong's Exhaustive Concordance of the Bible"
5029:
5027:
5021:By Hagai Matar, Mekomit.co.il, 28 August 2014.
4893:"In pictures: Connecting the world's redheads"
4478:
4326:
3562:Box NF, Wyeth JR, et al. (October 1997).
3420:
2815:, SUNY Press, 2001, Betty N. Hoffman, page 106
2480:
2470:"Auld Reekie is world capital for ginger hair"
2434:Moffat, Alistair; Wilson, James (1 May 2011).
2119:
1670:satirizes redhead stereotypes in part four of
147:and relatively low levels of the dark pigment
40:"Redhead" redirects here. For other uses, see
6599:
6270:
6216:
5715:
5713:
5045:
4990:"Israel holds first conference for 'gingers'"
4018:
3399:
3397:
3216:
2838:
2836:
2091:) meaning "red-haired devil", similar to the
2086:
1659:, redheads are seen as most likely to have a
1610:Prejudice and discrimination against redheads
1075:Most likely a posthumous painted portrait of
1025:. The condition, part of a syndrome known as
666:of red hair appear to be associated with the
6495:
6271:Hubble, Garry (5 November 2004). "ang moh".
6251:
5496:
5335:. University of Michigan Press. p. 85.
3520:was the first to identify MC1R associations
3243:
3033:: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (
3015:
2566:
2433:
2073:) Chinese, meaning "red-haired", is used in
1966:In November 2008, social networking website
1795:
1541:
1495:
1486:
1033:deficiency, and is common during periods of
917:
650:
620:have been found with red hair dating to the
522:show they are sometimes born with red hair.
6518:
6049:Geographical Names Board of New South Wales
5933:
5902:
5524:
5024:
4748:
4569:
4567:
4097:"The genetics of sun sensitivity in humans"
3876:Bodmer, W. F; Cavalli-Sforza, L. L (1976).
3380:. Cambridge University Press. p. 401.
3095:
2178:
1978:In December 2009 British supermarket chain
1862:do not monitor cases of discrimination and
1616:Discrimination against people with red hair
1052:, results in red hair and red-colored skin.
1021:, normally dark human hair may turn red or
6606:
6592:
6237:g Soh Chin (30 October 2004). "Soh Chin".
6236:
6107:"Tesco apologises over 'ginger jibe' card"
6060:
5710:
5605:, Duke University Press, 2004, pp. 123–24.
5291:
4621:
4619:
4573:
3601:
3599:
3394:
2988:Wahab, Shaista; Youngerman, Barry (2007).
2833:
2754:Jewish genetic disorders: a layman's guide
2624:
2612:North American Society for Serbian Studies
2309:
2307:
2107:, and in television programmes and films.
269:
181:
5518:
5472:
5434:
5116:
4825:"Image Young Redhead in an Evening Dress"
4753:, in Walker, Susan; Higgs, Peter (eds.),
4655:
4626:Pathology Guy: Accumulations and Deposits
4599:
4504:
4452:
4411:
4401:
4352:
4303:
4187:
4146:
4137:
4120:
4071:
4061:
3852:
3842:
3782:
3633:
3579:
3158:Society for Promoting Christian Knowledge
3065:
2678:
1554:origin, which is an anglicisation of the
1479:is usually described as having red hair.
1430:, red hair was associated with the deity
1154:
854:Medical implications of the red hair gene
707:for the gene and have a redheaded child.
597:as blue-eyed and red-haired. The ancient
178:, caused by a mutation in the MC1R gene.
6045:Geographical Names Register (GNR) of NSW
5766:
5719:
5075:(in Russian). Izhevsk city portal. 2017.
4756:Cleopatra of Egypt: from History to Myth
4564:
4273:
4271:
4210:
4088:
3926:
3918:. London. 2 October 2002. Archived from
3805:
3561:
3555:
3373:
3145:
2701:The Times guide to the peoples of Europe
2658:. Cornell University Press. p. 59.
2403:
2401:
2243:Defined in the study as the counties of
1870:red hair; in the same year, a family in
1822:
1747:
1406:
1322:
1158:
1138:
1120:
1094:
1070:
862:
687:skin that is difficult or impossible to
548:
545:Americas, Oceania and Sub-Saharan Africa
473:
396:
247:
208:and is particularly associated with the
174:The origin of red hair can be traced to
112:that produces an altered version of the
68:
56:
48:
6307:"Meet Bukit Panjang's 'ang moh leader'"
6289:Sargent, Michael D. (21 October 2007).
5525:Hanks, Patrick; Hodges, Flavia (1996).
5501:. Cambridge: Worth Press. p. 220.
5486:. Vol. 1. J.R. Smith. p. 473.
5451:
4909:
4616:
4474:
4472:
4094:
3958:
3596:
3319:Antrocom Online Journal of Anthropology
3282:, 4 May 2012, Vol. 336 no. 6081 p. 554.
2651:
2467:
2304:
1538:, reinforcing the negative stereotype.
1087:and pearl-studded hairpins, from Roman
674:. In 1995, Valverde, et al. identified
553:2 women with mixed reddish-brown hair,
196:Red hair is most commonly found at the
14:
6746:
6361:"A Brief History of Medicine in Japan"
6305:Ee Wen Wei, Jamie (11 November 2007).
6122:
5876:
5036:Roy Arad, Haaretz.com, 30 August 2014.
4962:
4936:
3904:
3504:. John Wiley & Sons. p. 393.
3309:
2723:
2407:
2272:
1992:Santa loves all kids. Even ginger ones
1655:. In the Indian medicinal practice of
874:in the skin aids UV tolerance through
497:, China. In Chinese sources, ancient
6587:
6291:"Lessons for this gweilo and ang moh"
6073:
5660:Hare, Augustus John Cuthbert (1895).
5576:
5457:
5254:
5213:
5172:
4268:
3497:
2757:. Jefferson, N.C: McFarland. p.
2724:Harvey, Jacky Colliss (9 June 2015).
2486:
2398:
2278:
2027:Use of term in Singapore and Malaysia
1889:. The sketch saw fictional character
1530:is also represented with red hair in
1403:Religious and mythological traditions
1327:Hundreds of redheads together at the
1318:
392:
6613:
6557:
6164:
6088:from the original on 11 January 2022
6033:
5957:"Carrot-Tops: Being Red Not So Easy"
5659:
5328:
5292:Grant, Michael; Hazel, John (2002).
4749:Walker, Susan; Higgs, Peter (2001),
4469:
3806:Plackett, Benjamin (14 March 2020).
3099:Interpreters in Early Imperial China
3089:
3080:
2912:
2519:
2513:
2501:from the original on 11 January 2022
2138:, its 200-year period of isolation.
1854:). "Gingerism" has been compared to
1055:Red hair is found on people lacking
867:A close-up view of straight red hair
794:A DNA study has concluded that some
6074:Moore, Matthew (22 November 2008).
5865:Catherine Tate: Ginger Refuge video
5577:Swift, Jonathan (1 February 1997).
4910:Spencer, Clare (9 September 2009).
3020:. U.S. Government Printing Office.
1707:, in a mixture with the ashes of a
1691:
1496:
1487:
935:such as electrically induced pain.
332:Red hair is also found amongst the
238:Scottish border counties of England
119:Red hair varies in hue from a deep
24:
6551:
6210:. Macao: Printed at the Honorable
6020:Oxford Australia Word of the Month
5790:"Woman wins ginger jibes tribunal"
5120:Ramesses: Egypt's Greatest Pharaoh
5117:Tyldesley, Joyce (26 April 2001).
4694:10.1111/j.1749-6632.2003.tb03185.x
4592:10.1213/01.ANE.0000180769.51576.CD
4574:Liem Edwin B, et al. (2006).
4542:10.1097/01.mlg.0000147942.82626.1c
3934:"Red hair genes 100,000 years old"
3698:10.1111/j.1399-0004.1987.tb03339.x
3613:American Journal of Human Genetics
3194:UCLA Asian American Studies Center
2699:Fernández-Armesto, Felipe (1994).
2679:Stanaszek, Łukasz Maurycy (2001).
2581:10.1111/j.1469-1809.1955.tb01286.x
2279:Starr, D. Barry (26 August 2004).
1676:, "A Voyage to the Country of the
1519:Early artistic representations of
801:
722:The alleles Arg151Cys, Arg160Trp,
347:
151:, it is typically associated with
25:
6775:
6579:
6496:Michael Dunn (20 November 2008).
6165:Moss, Vincent (31 October 2010).
5705:Gingerphobia: Carrot-tops see red
5298:. Psychology Press. p. 359.
3944:(11). 31 May 2001. Archived from
3501:A Guide to Forensic DNA Profiling
3377:The Early Age of Greece, Volume 1
2682:Fenotyp dawnych Słowian (VI-X w.)
2408:Moffat, Alistair (30 June 2017).
1420:Anthony Frederick Augustus Sandys
1237:depicts the mythological goddess
1223:" takes its name from the artist
1204:can boost sales of red hair dye.
243:
6321:
6282:
6263:
6229:
6195:
6177:
6158:
6142:
6123:Milton, Nicholas (10 May 2016).
6116:
6100:
6067:
6005:
5975:
5949:
5927:
5896:
5870:
5858:
5832:
5820:
5815:Red-haired family forced to move
5808:
5782:
5769:"Man stabbed over "ginger hair""
5760:
5735:
5722:"Is Gingerism as Bad as Racism?"
5698:
5672:
5653:
5641:
5608:
5595:
5570:
5558:
5490:
5409:
5384:
5359:
5322:
5295:Who's who in classical mythology
5285:
5248:
5220:The Iliad: the story of Achillês
5207:
5166:
4996:. 29 August 2014. Archived from
4497:10.1097/00000542-200408000-00006
4345:10.1097/00000542-200408000-00006
4180:10.1097/00000542-200503000-00006
3223:. Psychology Press. p. 72.
2487:Cramb, Auslan (24 August 2013).
2468:Mcardle, Helen (26 April 2014).
1546:The mainly masculine given name
573:) hair is also found among some
262:
192:Northern and Northwestern Europe
5877:Jinman, Richard (4 July 2003).
5867:Gingerism.com, 18 December 2008
5137:
5110:
5097:
5079:
5061:
5039:
5012:
4982:
4956:
4930:
4903:
4885:
4867:
4842:
4817:
4798:
4777:
4742:
4716:
4631:
4521:
4428:
4369:
4320:
4242:
4204:
4155:
4037:
3995:
3952:
3882:. San Francisco: W.H. Freeman.
3869:
3818:
3799:
3734:
3720:
3675:
3650:
3491:
3465:
3441:
3414:
3367:
3344:
3303:
3285:
3272:
3237:
3210:
3175:
3146:Hattaway, Paul (19 July 2018).
3139:
3123:
3074:
3041:
3009:
2981:
2960:
2957:, Greenwood Press, 1972, p. 478
2943:
2867:
2787:
2775:
2744:
2717:
2692:
2672:
2645:
2618:
2603:
2560:
2237:
2173:
2061:
1811:In his 1895 memoir and history
1009:Red hair of pathological origin
6359:P Y Ho; F. P Lisowski (1993).
4937:Curtis, Dan (25 August 2014).
4441:Anaesthesia and Intensive Care
3498:Bader, Scott (21 March 2016).
3149:Guizhou: The Precious Province
2990:A Brief History of Afghanistan
2461:
2427:
2389:
2380:
2350:
2164:
2051:
2042:
1908:as a form of racism. Comedian
1860:Commission for Racial Equality
1621:Beliefs concerning temperament
1602:("red-haired" or "rusty") and
1176:was a redhead, and during the
1113:Istanbul Archaeological Museum
962:(MSH), and the pain-relieving
960:melanocyte-stimulating hormone
627:In certain Biblical accounts,
365:North Africa and Mediterranean
13:
1:
6533:Taiwanese-Japanese Dictionary
6191:. Toronto. 20 September 2011.
5936:"The stigma of TV's redheads"
5767:BBC News (24 November 2003).
5565:The Practical Magnetic Healer
5458:White, Joseph Blanco (1825).
4963:Mulroy, Zahra (2 July 2015).
3449:"Mysterious Mummies of China"
3018:Area Handbook for Afghanistan
2849:, 31–46, 1982, Melinnkoff R.M
2843:Judas's Red Hair and The Jews
2727:Red: A History of the Redhead
2265:
2124:), which was used during the
2013:, one of the world's largest
1973:Royal Canadian Mounted Police
1567:Ruaidhrí/Ruaidhrígh/Raidhrígh
1147:
1129:
584:
5934:Daily Bruin (3 April 2006).
5903:Tim Minchin (4 March 2010).
5829:Daily Telegraph, 12 May 2009
5497:Martin-Doyle, Katie (1999).
4002:Gingers extinct in 100 years
3973:10.1126/science.318.5850.546
3879:Genetics, evolution, and man
3552:, and reviewed by Sturm, )."
3325:(2): 221–226. Archived from
3217:Bretschneider, Emil (2000).
2874:Stirling, John (1870–1871).
2437:The Scots: A Genetic Journey
1508:) was used to describe both
1453:
1174:Queen Elizabeth I of England
753:
389:from Algeria, respectively.
7:
6564:. Blue Mountain Arts, Inc.
6313:. Singapore. Archived from
6297:. Singapore. Archived from
5531:. Oxford University Press.
4284:Journal of Medical Genetics
3421:Tokhtas'ev, Sergej (2005).
3060:(351). Cambridge: 679–694.
2190:
2110:The Chinese characters for
1817:Augustus John Cuthbert Hare
946:response to the painkiller
858:
717:
92:found in 2–6% of people of
10:
6780:
6388:Winkel, Margarita (1999).
5905:"Prejudice by Tim Minchin"
5707:BBC News, 22 February 2000
5555:for the given name "Rory".
4580:Anesthesia & Analgesia
4454:10.1177/0310057X1204000415
3767:10.1038/s41467-018-07691-z
3374:Ridgeway, William (2014).
3312:"Enigma of the Ngati Hotu"
2955:The Races of Europe (1939)
2631:. Routledge. p. 137.
2625:Dolukhanov, Pavel (2013).
1975:for possible hate crimes.
1613:
1459:
1111:in her arms, 2nd century,
1066:
807:
758:
670:(MC1R), which is found on
317:In the late 18th century,
39:
29:
6710:
6672:
6621:
6471:10.1007/s00268-004-7549-3
6217:
5883:The Sydney Morning Herald
5747:Oxford English Dictionary
5636:Theatres and Performances
4879:womenwriteaboutcomics.com
4254:Wellness Blog on TIME.com
4095:Rees JL (November 2004).
4034:. Retrieved 28 June 2009.
4015:. Retrieved 28 June 2009.
3658:"HGNC Symbol Report:HCL2"
3310:Bolton, Kerry R. (2010).
3258:10.1017/S0041977X00007205
2972:Area Handbook for Algeria
2918:"The Mediterranean World"
2847:Journal of Jewish Art (9)
2740:– via Google Books.
2120:
2087:
1796:Modern-day discrimination
1388:(Russia), the capital of
1335:There has been an annual
918:Pain tolerance and injury
744:
651:Biochemistry and genetics
647:", meaning red or ruddy.
186:
6718:Disappearing blonde gene
6527:
6459:World Journal of Surgery
6371:. pp. 65–78 at 73.
6275:. Singapore. p. 5.
6256:. Singapore. p. 5.
6244:. Singapore. p. 4.
5720:BBC News (6 June 2007).
4810:23 November 2008 at the
4783:Fletcher, Joann (2008).
3831:Human Molecular Genetics
3568:Human Molecular Genetics
2751:Abel, Ernest L. (2001).
2652:Barford, Paul M (2001).
2569:Annals of Human Genetics
2230:
1780:. The ancient historian
1730:during the Middle Ages:
1315:by Kieran Dodds (2020).
810:Disappearing blonde gene
42:Redhead (disambiguation)
6733:Melanocortin 1 receptor
5662:""The Home of Earlham""
5329:Lacy, Terry G. (2000).
5149:Perseus Digital Library
4403:10.1073/pnas.0730053100
4296:10.1136/jmg.2004.027698
3912:"Nicole's hair secrets"
2992:. Infobase Publishing.
2703:. London: Times Books.
2366:Oxford University Press
2019:artificial insemination
1886:The Catherine Tate Show
1590:which is common to the
1451:' hair is described as
972:melanocortin-1 receptor
912:squamous cell carcinoma
668:melanocortin-1 receptor
182:Geographic distribution
5666:The Gurneys of Earlham
5499:Treasury of Baby Names
5464:. H. Colburn. p.
5145:"Homer, Iliad, Book 1"
4732:Our Dermatology Online
4657:10.1093/hmg/11.17.1997
2914:Coon, Carleton Stevens
2876:"The Races of Morocco"
2214:– in non-human animals
2141:The historic fortress
1835:
1813:The Gurneys of Earlham
1745:
1638:The Catcher in the Rye
1631:, a character says of
1575:
1559:
1423:
1367:Kibbutz Gezer (Carrot)
1360:Anti-Bullying Alliance
1332:
1261:Sir Arthur Conan Doyle
1170:
1155:Media, fashion and art
1151:
1144:Elizabeth I of England
1136:
1115:
1103:depicting the goddess
1092:
952:morphine-6-glucuronide
868:
566:
482:
417:
256:
78:
66:
54:
6203:Walter Henry Medhurst
5817:BBC News, 2 June 2007
5371:Abibleconcordance.com
4063:10.1093/hmg/9.17.2531
4007:27 March 2014 at the
3844:10.1093/hmg/9.17.2531
3747:Nature Communications
3581:10.1093/hmg/6.11.1891
3410:E. Dilly. p. 30.
2614:. 10–11: 78–90. 1997.
2358:"redhead, n. and adj"
1826:
1748:Medieval antisemitism
1743:, whose hair was red.
1732:
1410:
1326:
1269:The Red-Headed League
1168:Edmund Blair Leighton
1162:
1142:
1124:
1098:
1074:
880:UV-induced DNA-damage
866:
552:
477:
400:
251:
163:, and sensitivity to
98:Northwestern European
72:
60:
52:
6723:Fischer–Saller scale
6561:The Redhead Handbook
6029:on 14 February 2017.
4787:. New York: Harper.
4674:Ann. N. Y. Acad. Sci
4214:(11 December 2005).
3427:Херсонесский сборник
3096:Rachel Lung (2011).
3067:10.15184/aqy.2016.92
2286:The Tech Interactive
1829:Frederick Barbarossa
1697:Theophilus Presbyter
1628:Anne of Green Gables
1534:and in the works of
1091:, mid-1st century AD
1057:pro-opiomelanocortin
908:basal cell carcinoma
837:Procter & Gamble
303:early Slavic peoples
6558:Cass, Cort (2003).
6332:Monumenta Nipponica
6235:See, for instance,
6082:The Daily Telegraph
6013:"Word of the month"
5684:The Huffington Post
5680:"Redheads We Love!"
5583:. Project Gutenberg
5107:(1994), pp. 200–01.
5057:on 25 October 2016.
5046:Mlinaric, Jessica.
4912:"People get red-dy"
4899:. 15 November 2020.
4881:. 25 February 2014.
4686:2003NYASA.994..233K
4394:2003PNAS..100.4867M
3922:on 2 February 2007.
3916:The Daily Telegraph
3759:2018NatCo...9.5271M
3477:Judaism and Science
3332:on 4 September 2011
3081:Woog, Adam (2009).
2976:American University
2922:The Races of Europe
2610:"Serbian Studies".
2520:Gray, John (1907).
2219:How to be a Redhead
2011:Cryos International
2009:In September 2011,
1946:Louise Burfitt-Dons
1925:It's a Jersey Thing
1872:Newcastle upon Tyne
1754:Spanish Inquisition
1536:William Shakespeare
1277:featured red-heads
1231:'s famous painting
1194:Christina Hendricks
1107:holding the infant
1101:Roman marble statue
1017:In cases of severe
841:National Geographic
823:National Geographic
726:, and Arg142His on
710:Genetic studies of
612:, who occupied the
518:phenotype study of
359:Spanish Inquisition
53:Woman with red hair
6465:(1): 10–17 at 10.
6327:See, for example,
6212:East India Company
6155:. 30 October 2010.
5915:on 30 October 2021
5461:Letters from Spain
4221:The New York Times
4028:Redhead extinction
3461:. 20 January 1998.
2730:. Hachette Books.
2328:10.1038/ng1195-328
2289:. Ask a Geneticist
2143:Fort Santo Domingo
1990:, and the words: "
1899:(starring redhead
1866:against redheads.
1836:
1673:Gulliver's Travels
1424:
1416:this 1859 painting
1379:Highwood, Illinois
1333:
1319:Red hair festivals
1274:DuBarry Was a Lady
1234:The Birth of Venus
1171:
1152:
1137:
1126:Portrait of a Lady
1116:
1093:
976:anterior pituitary
869:
820:, which cited the
567:
483:
418:
393:Asia (all regions)
257:
79:
67:
55:
30:For the film, see
6741:
6740:
6702:Hydrogen peroxide
6571:978-1-58786-011-9
6510:on 24 June 2010.
6435:10.1159/000057797
6403:978-0-7007-0604-4
6378:978-981-02-1495-1
6311:The Straits Times
6301:on 25 March 2014.
6295:The Straits Times
6273:The Straits Times
6254:The Straits Times
6240:The Straits Times
5993:on 19 August 2017
5879:"Taking the Mick"
5620:De auro hyspanico
5616:Il sacro artefice
5508:978-1-903025-11-6
5342:978-0-472-08661-0
5305:978-0-415-26041-1
5271:978-0-674-99579-6
5261:Iliad: Books 1–12
5230:978-0-451-52737-0
5189:978-0-9776269-0-8
5130:978-0-14-194978-9
5091:mc1r-magazine.com
5069:"Рыжий фестиваль"
5000:on 19 August 2017
4916:BBC News Magazine
4793:978-0-06-058558-7
4650:(17): 1997–2004.
4101:Am. J. Hum. Genet
3967:(5850): 546–547.
3889:978-0-7167-0573-4
3837:(17): 2531–2537.
3685:Clinical Genetics
3511:978-1-118-75152-7
2999:978-1-4381-0819-3
2886:: clxix–clxxiii.
2799:978-1-4128-0574-2
2768:978-0-7864-0941-9
2710:978-0-7230-0624-4
2665:978-0-8014-3977-3
2638:978-0-582-23618-9
2185:Red-hair (ang mo)
2181:
2153:was nicknamed in
2104:The Straits Times
1997:In October 2010,
1921:Le Petit Tourette
1833:Historia Welforum
1800:In his 1885 book
1686:Guglielmo Ferrero
1229:Sandro Botticelli
1134:Sandro Botticelli
927:levels) and that
814:A 2007 report in
622:2nd millennium BC
505:, Chinese author
385:from Morocco and
165:ultraviolet light
16:(Redirected from
6771:
6615:Human hair color
6608:
6601:
6594:
6585:
6584:
6575:
6545:
6544:
6522:
6516:
6515:
6506:. Archived from
6493:
6454:
6418:
6410:Morishima Chūryō
6385:
6369:World Scientific
6356:
6339:(3/4): 254–274.
6325:
6319:
6318:
6302:
6286:
6280:
6279:
6267:
6261:
6260:
6249:
6233:
6227:
6226:
6220:
6219:
6199:
6193:
6192:
6181:
6175:
6174:
6162:
6156:
6146:
6140:
6139:
6137:
6135:
6120:
6114:
6104:
6098:
6097:
6095:
6093:
6079:
6071:
6065:
6064:
6059:
6057:
6055:
6037:
6031:
6030:
6028:
6017:
6009:
6003:
6002:
6000:
5998:
5989:. Archived from
5987:Australia.gov.au
5979:
5973:
5972:
5970:
5968:
5963:. 13 August 2007
5953:
5947:
5946:
5944:
5942:
5931:
5925:
5924:
5922:
5920:
5911:. Archived from
5900:
5894:
5893:
5891:
5889:
5874:
5868:
5862:
5856:
5855:
5853:
5851:
5836:
5830:
5824:
5818:
5812:
5806:
5805:
5803:
5801:
5786:
5780:
5779:
5777:
5775:
5764:
5758:
5757:
5755:
5753:
5739:
5733:
5732:
5730:
5728:
5717:
5708:
5702:
5696:
5695:
5693:
5691:
5676:
5670:
5669:
5657:
5651:
5645:
5639:
5629:
5623:
5612:
5606:
5599:
5593:
5592:
5590:
5588:
5574:
5568:
5567:G. M. Brown 1899
5562:
5556:
5554:
5552:
5550:
5545:on 26 April 2013
5541:. Archived from
5522:
5516:
5515:
5494:
5488:
5487:
5476:
5470:
5469:
5455:
5449:
5448:
5438:
5432:
5431:
5429:
5427:
5413:
5407:
5406:
5404:
5402:
5388:
5382:
5381:
5379:
5377:
5363:
5357:
5356:
5351:
5349:
5326:
5320:
5319:
5314:
5312:
5289:
5283:
5282:
5280:
5278:
5252:
5246:
5245:
5239:
5237:
5211:
5205:
5204:
5198:
5196:
5170:
5164:
5163:
5161:
5159:
5153:Tufts University
5141:
5135:
5134:
5114:
5108:
5105:Egyptian Mummies
5101:
5095:
5094:
5083:
5077:
5076:
5065:
5059:
5058:
5053:. Archived from
5043:
5037:
5031:
5022:
5016:
5010:
5009:
5007:
5005:
4986:
4980:
4979:
4977:
4975:
4960:
4954:
4953:
4951:
4949:
4934:
4928:
4927:
4925:
4923:
4907:
4901:
4900:
4889:
4883:
4882:
4871:
4865:
4864:
4862:
4860:
4846:
4840:
4839:
4837:
4835:
4821:
4815:
4802:
4796:
4781:
4775:
4774:
4746:
4740:
4739:
4729:
4720:
4714:
4713:
4669:
4659:
4635:
4629:
4623:
4614:
4613:
4603:
4571:
4562:
4561:
4530:The Laryngoscope
4525:
4519:
4518:
4508:
4476:
4467:
4466:
4456:
4432:
4426:
4425:
4415:
4405:
4373:
4367:
4366:
4356:
4324:
4318:
4317:
4307:
4275:
4266:
4265:
4263:
4261:
4256:. 12 August 2009
4246:
4240:
4239:
4237:
4235:
4229:
4224:. Archived from
4216:"Stoic Redheads"
4208:
4202:
4201:
4191:
4159:
4153:
4150:
4144:
4141:
4135:
4134:
4124:
4092:
4086:
4085:
4075:
4065:
4041:
4035:
4025:
4016:
3999:
3993:
3992:
3956:
3950:
3949:
3938:Oxford Blueprint
3930:
3924:
3923:
3908:
3902:
3901:
3873:
3867:
3866:
3856:
3846:
3822:
3816:
3815:
3803:
3797:
3796:
3786:
3738:
3732:
3731:
3724:
3718:
3717:
3679:
3673:
3672:
3670:
3668:
3654:
3648:
3647:
3637:
3603:
3594:
3593:
3583:
3559:
3553:
3515:
3495:
3489:
3488:
3486:
3484:
3469:
3463:
3462:
3445:
3439:
3438:
3436:
3434:
3418:
3412:
3411:
3401:
3392:
3391:
3371:
3365:
3348:
3342:
3341:
3339:
3337:
3331:
3316:
3307:
3301:
3300:
3289:
3283:
3276:
3270:
3269:
3241:
3235:
3234:
3214:
3208:
3207:
3179:
3173:
3171:
3143:
3137:
3127:
3121:
3120:
3118:
3116:
3093:
3087:
3086:
3078:
3072:
3071:
3069:
3045:
3039:
3038:
3032:
3024:
3013:
3007:
3006:
2985:
2979:
2964:
2958:
2951:Carleton S. Coon
2947:
2941:
2940:
2938:
2936:
2910:
2904:
2903:
2871:
2865:
2859:
2850:
2840:
2831:
2825:
2816:
2810:
2801:
2791:
2785:
2779:
2773:
2772:
2748:
2742:
2741:
2721:
2715:
2714:
2696:
2690:
2689:
2687:
2676:
2670:
2669:
2649:
2643:
2642:
2622:
2616:
2615:
2607:
2601:
2600:
2564:
2558:
2557:
2517:
2511:
2510:
2508:
2506:
2492:
2484:
2478:
2477:
2465:
2459:
2458:
2456:
2454:
2431:
2425:
2424:
2422:
2420:
2405:
2396:
2393:
2387:
2384:
2378:
2377:
2375:
2373:
2354:
2348:
2347:
2311:
2302:
2301:
2296:
2294:
2276:
2259:
2241:
2225:List of redheads
2182:
2179:
2175:
2166:
2123:
2122:
2090:
2089:
2063:
2053:
2044:
1988:Father Christmas
1953:Australian slang
1716:Montague Summers
1692:Medieval beliefs
1643:Holden Caulfield
1499:
1498:
1491:, from the root
1490:
1489:
1464:
1463:
1456:
1331:, September 2007
1149:
1131:
1044:(Type 3, a.k.a.
817:The Courier-Mail
555:Papua New Guinea
281:Depiction of an
273:
266:
141:strawberry blond
106:recessive allele
90:human hair color
84:, also known as
27:Human hair color
21:
6779:
6778:
6774:
6773:
6772:
6770:
6769:
6768:
6744:
6743:
6742:
6737:
6728:Greying of hair
6706:
6668:
6617:
6612:
6582:
6572:
6554:
6552:Further reading
6549:
6548:
6529:
6523:
6519:
6404:
6379:
6345:10.2307/2383172
6326:
6322:
6317:on 15 May 2007.
6287:
6283:
6268:
6264:
6234:
6230:
6200:
6196:
6183:
6182:
6178:
6163:
6159:
6147:
6143:
6133:
6131:
6121:
6117:
6105:
6101:
6091:
6089:
6072:
6068:
6053:
6051:
6039:
6038:
6034:
6026:
6015:
6011:
6010:
6006:
5996:
5994:
5981:
5980:
5976:
5966:
5964:
5955:
5954:
5950:
5940:
5938:
5932:
5928:
5918:
5916:
5901:
5897:
5887:
5885:
5875:
5871:
5863:
5859:
5849:
5847:
5846:. 16 April 2013
5838:
5837:
5833:
5825:
5821:
5813:
5809:
5799:
5797:
5788:
5787:
5783:
5773:
5771:
5765:
5761:
5751:
5749:
5741:
5740:
5736:
5726:
5724:
5718:
5711:
5703:
5699:
5689:
5687:
5678:
5677:
5673:
5658:
5654:
5646:
5642:
5630:
5626:
5613:
5609:
5600:
5596:
5586:
5584:
5575:
5571:
5563:
5559:
5548:
5546:
5539:
5523:
5519:
5509:
5495:
5491:
5477:
5473:
5456:
5452:
5440:
5439:
5435:
5425:
5423:
5415:
5414:
5410:
5400:
5398:
5390:
5389:
5385:
5375:
5373:
5365:
5364:
5360:
5347:
5345:
5343:
5327:
5323:
5310:
5308:
5306:
5290:
5286:
5276:
5274:
5272:
5253:
5249:
5235:
5233:
5231:
5212:
5208:
5194:
5192:
5190:
5171:
5167:
5157:
5155:
5143:
5142:
5138:
5131:
5115:
5111:
5102:
5098:
5087:"MC1R Magazine"
5085:
5084:
5080:
5067:
5066:
5062:
5044:
5040:
5032:
5025:
5017:
5013:
5003:
5001:
4988:
4987:
4983:
4973:
4971:
4961:
4957:
4947:
4945:
4935:
4931:
4921:
4919:
4908:
4904:
4891:
4890:
4886:
4873:
4872:
4868:
4858:
4856:
4848:
4847:
4843:
4833:
4831:
4823:
4822:
4818:
4812:Wayback Machine
4805:Henna – history
4803:
4799:
4782:
4778:
4771:
4747:
4743:
4727:
4721:
4717:
4670:
4644:Hum. Mol. Genet
4636:
4632:
4624:
4617:
4572:
4565:
4526:
4522:
4477:
4470:
4433:
4429:
4374:
4370:
4325:
4321:
4276:
4269:
4259:
4257:
4248:
4247:
4243:
4233:
4231:
4209:
4205:
4160:
4156:
4151:
4147:
4142:
4138:
4093:
4089:
4050:Hum. Mol. Genet
4042:
4038:
4026:
4019:
4009:Wayback Machine
4000:
3996:
3957:
3953:
3948:on 9 July 2001.
3932:
3931:
3927:
3910:
3909:
3905:
3890:
3874:
3870:
3823:
3819:
3812:livescience.com
3804:
3800:
3739:
3735:
3726:
3725:
3721:
3680:
3676:
3666:
3664:
3656:
3655:
3651:
3604:
3597:
3574:(11): 1891–97.
3560:
3556:
3522:pheomelanogenic
3512:
3496:
3492:
3482:
3480:
3471:
3470:
3466:
3447:
3446:
3442:
3432:
3430:
3419:
3415:
3402:
3395:
3388:
3372:
3368:
3349:
3345:
3335:
3333:
3329:
3314:
3308:
3304:
3291:
3290:
3286:
3277:
3273:
3242:
3238:
3231:
3215:
3211:
3204:
3190:Los Angeles, CA
3180:
3176:
3168:
3144:
3140:
3128:
3124:
3114:
3112:
3110:
3094:
3090:
3079:
3075:
3046:
3042:
3026:
3025:
3014:
3010:
3000:
2986:
2982:
2965:
2961:
2948:
2944:
2934:
2932:
2911:
2907:
2892:10.2307/3025183
2872:
2868:
2860:
2853:
2841:
2834:
2826:
2819:
2811:
2804:
2792:
2788:
2780:
2776:
2769:
2749:
2745:
2738:
2722:
2718:
2711:
2697:
2693:
2685:
2677:
2673:
2666:
2650:
2646:
2639:
2623:
2619:
2609:
2608:
2604:
2565:
2561:
2538:10.2307/2843323
2518:
2514:
2504:
2502:
2485:
2481:
2466:
2462:
2452:
2450:
2448:
2432:
2428:
2418:
2416:
2406:
2399:
2394:
2390:
2385:
2381:
2371:
2369:
2356:
2355:
2351:
2316:Nature Genetics
2312:
2305:
2292:
2290:
2277:
2273:
2268:
2263:
2262:
2242:
2238:
2233:
2193:
2029:
2003:Danny Alexander
1840:British English
1798:
1750:
1694:
1682:Cesare Lombroso
1623:
1618:
1612:
1572:Scottish Gaelic
1544:
1542:The name "Rory"
1532:Spanish culture
1405:
1321:
1265:Sherlock Holmes
1247:Edmund Leighton
1243:Pre-Raphaelites
1186:Alyson Hannigan
1178:Elizabethan era
1157:
1081:Ptolemaic Egypt
1069:
1040:One variety of
1011:
933:noxious stimuli
920:
861:
856:
812:
804:
802:Extinction hoax
761:
756:
747:
720:
680:red hair colour
653:
587:
569:Reddish-brown (
547:
395:
373:populations of
367:
350:
348:Southern Europe
321:considered the
288:
287:
286:
280:
275:
274:
267:
246:
202:western fringes
194:
189:
184:
153:fair skin color
45:
38:
28:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
6777:
6767:
6766:
6761:
6756:
6739:
6738:
6736:
6735:
6730:
6725:
6720:
6714:
6712:
6708:
6707:
6705:
6704:
6699:
6694:
6689:
6684:
6678:
6676:
6670:
6669:
6667:
6666:
6661:
6656:
6651:
6646:
6641:
6636:
6631:
6625:
6623:
6619:
6618:
6611:
6610:
6603:
6596:
6588:
6581:
6580:External links
6578:
6577:
6576:
6570:
6553:
6550:
6547:
6546:
6517:
6429:(2): 157–165.
6402:
6377:
6320:
6281:
6269:For instance,
6262:
6228:
6194:
6176:
6157:
6141:
6115:
6099:
6066:
6032:
6004:
5974:
5948:
5926:
5895:
5869:
5857:
5831:
5819:
5807:
5796:. 25 June 2007
5781:
5759:
5734:
5709:
5697:
5686:. 29 June 2012
5671:
5652:
5640:
5624:
5614:Palo Galloni,
5607:
5594:
5569:
5557:
5537:
5517:
5507:
5489:
5483:contemporaries
5471:
5450:
5433:
5421:Biblesuite.com
5408:
5396:Biblesuite.com
5383:
5358:
5341:
5321:
5304:
5284:
5270:
5247:
5229:
5206:
5188:
5165:
5136:
5129:
5123:. Penguin UK.
5109:
5096:
5078:
5060:
5038:
5023:
5011:
4994:Al-monitor.com
4981:
4955:
4929:
4902:
4884:
4866:
4841:
4816:
4797:
4776:
4769:
4741:
4715:
4630:
4615:
4586:(1): 313–318.
4563:
4536:(11): 2031–3.
4520:
4485:Anesthesiology
4468:
4447:(4): 683–689.
4427:
4388:(8): 4867–72.
4368:
4333:Anesthesiology
4319:
4267:
4241:
4230:on 29 May 2015
4203:
4168:Anesthesiology
4154:
4145:
4136:
4113:10.1086/425285
4087:
4056:(17): 2531–7.
4036:
4017:
3994:
3951:
3925:
3903:
3888:
3868:
3817:
3798:
3733:
3719:
3674:
3662:Gene.ucl.ac.uk
3649:
3626:10.1086/302863
3620:(4): 1351–61.
3595:
3554:
3510:
3490:
3479:. 7 April 2015
3464:
3440:
3413:
3393:
3386:
3366:
3343:
3302:
3297:auckland.ac.nz
3284:
3271:
3252:(2): 229–245.
3236:
3229:
3209:
3203:978-0934052528
3202:
3174:
3166:
3138:
3122:
3109:978-9027224446
3108:
3088:
3073:
3040:
3008:
2998:
2980:
2959:
2942:
2905:
2866:
2851:
2832:
2817:
2802:
2786:
2784:, Moscow, 1903
2774:
2767:
2743:
2736:
2716:
2709:
2691:
2671:
2664:
2644:
2637:
2617:
2602:
2559:
2512:
2479:
2460:
2446:
2426:
2397:
2388:
2379:
2349:
2303:
2270:
2269:
2267:
2264:
2261:
2260:
2253:Northumberland
2235:
2234:
2232:
2229:
2228:
2227:
2222:
2215:
2209:
2204:
2199:
2192:
2189:
2028:
2025:
1999:Harriet Harman
1984:Christmas card
1931:" episodes of
1881:Catherine Tate
1806:Wilkie Collins
1797:
1794:
1762:Judas Iscariot
1749:
1746:
1693:
1690:
1668:Jonathan Swift
1622:
1619:
1614:Main article:
1611:
1608:
1596:Highland Scots
1543:
1540:
1528:Judas Iscariot
1521:Mary Magdalene
1412:Mary Magdalene
1404:
1401:
1392:, since 2004.
1320:
1317:
1202:Geri Halliwell
1156:
1153:
1132:1470–1475, by
1068:
1065:
1061:
1060:
1053:
1038:
1010:
1007:
919:
916:
860:
857:
855:
852:
803:
800:
769:Cavalli-Sforza
760:
757:
755:
752:
746:
743:
719:
716:
652:
649:
593:describes the
586:
583:
546:
543:
529:people were a
394:
391:
366:
363:
349:
346:
301:described the
277:
276:
268:
261:
260:
259:
258:
245:
244:Eastern Europe
242:
210:Celtic nations
193:
190:
188:
185:
183:
180:
26:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
6776:
6765:
6762:
6760:
6757:
6755:
6752:
6751:
6749:
6734:
6731:
6729:
6726:
6724:
6721:
6719:
6716:
6715:
6713:
6709:
6703:
6700:
6698:
6695:
6693:
6692:Dye stripping
6690:
6688:
6685:
6683:
6680:
6679:
6677:
6675:
6674:Hair coloring
6671:
6665:
6662:
6660:
6657:
6655:
6652:
6650:
6647:
6645:
6642:
6640:
6637:
6635:
6632:
6630:
6627:
6626:
6624:
6620:
6616:
6609:
6604:
6602:
6597:
6595:
6590:
6589:
6586:
6573:
6567:
6563:
6562:
6556:
6555:
6542:
6538:
6534:
6530:
6521:
6514:
6509:
6505:
6504:
6499:
6492:
6488:
6484:
6480:
6476:
6472:
6468:
6464:
6460:
6452:
6448:
6444:
6440:
6436:
6432:
6428:
6424:
6417:
6415:
6411:
6405:
6399:
6395:
6391:
6384:
6380:
6374:
6370:
6367:. Singapore:
6366:
6362:
6354:
6350:
6346:
6342:
6338:
6334:
6333:
6324:
6316:
6312:
6308:
6300:
6296:
6292:
6285:
6278:
6274:
6266:
6259:
6255:
6248:
6243:
6241:
6232:
6225:
6223:
6213:
6209:
6204:
6198:
6190:
6186:
6180:
6172:
6168:
6161:
6154:
6150:
6145:
6130:
6126:
6119:
6112:
6108:
6103:
6087:
6083:
6078:
6070:
6063:
6050:
6046:
6042:
6041:"Rufus River"
6036:
6025:
6021:
6014:
6008:
5992:
5988:
5984:
5978:
5962:
5958:
5952:
5937:
5930:
5914:
5910:
5906:
5899:
5884:
5880:
5873:
5866:
5861:
5845:
5841:
5835:
5828:
5823:
5816:
5811:
5795:
5791:
5785:
5770:
5763:
5748:
5744:
5738:
5723:
5716:
5714:
5706:
5701:
5685:
5681:
5675:
5667:
5663:
5656:
5649:
5644:
5637:
5633:
5628:
5621:
5617:
5611:
5604:
5598:
5582:
5581:
5573:
5566:
5561:
5544:
5540:
5538:0-19-280050-7
5534:
5530:
5529:
5521:
5514:
5510:
5504:
5500:
5493:
5485:
5484:
5475:
5467:
5463:
5462:
5454:
5446:
5445:
5437:
5422:
5418:
5412:
5397:
5393:
5387:
5372:
5368:
5362:
5355:
5344:
5338:
5334:
5333:
5325:
5318:
5307:
5301:
5297:
5296:
5288:
5273:
5267:
5263:
5262:
5257:
5251:
5244:
5232:
5226:
5222:
5221:
5216:
5210:
5203:
5191:
5185:
5181:
5180:
5175:
5169:
5154:
5150:
5146:
5140:
5132:
5126:
5122:
5121:
5113:
5106:
5100:
5092:
5088:
5082:
5074:
5070:
5064:
5056:
5052:
5049:
5042:
5035:
5030:
5028:
5020:
5015:
4999:
4995:
4991:
4985:
4970:
4966:
4959:
4944:
4940:
4933:
4917:
4913:
4906:
4898:
4894:
4888:
4880:
4876:
4870:
4855:
4851:
4845:
4830:
4826:
4820:
4813:
4809:
4806:
4801:
4794:
4790:
4786:
4780:
4772:
4770:9780691088358
4766:
4762:
4758:
4757:
4752:
4745:
4737:
4733:
4726:
4719:
4711:
4707:
4703:
4699:
4695:
4691:
4687:
4683:
4679:
4675:
4667:
4663:
4658:
4653:
4649:
4645:
4641:
4634:
4627:
4622:
4620:
4611:
4607:
4602:
4597:
4593:
4589:
4585:
4581:
4577:
4570:
4568:
4559:
4555:
4551:
4547:
4543:
4539:
4535:
4531:
4524:
4516:
4512:
4507:
4502:
4498:
4494:
4491:(2): 279–83.
4490:
4486:
4482:
4475:
4473:
4464:
4460:
4455:
4450:
4446:
4442:
4438:
4431:
4423:
4419:
4414:
4409:
4404:
4399:
4395:
4391:
4387:
4383:
4379:
4372:
4364:
4360:
4355:
4350:
4346:
4342:
4339:(2): 279–83.
4338:
4334:
4330:
4323:
4315:
4311:
4306:
4301:
4297:
4293:
4289:
4285:
4281:
4274:
4272:
4255:
4251:
4245:
4228:
4223:
4222:
4217:
4213:
4212:Sullivan, Amy
4207:
4199:
4195:
4190:
4185:
4181:
4177:
4174:(3): 509–14.
4173:
4169:
4165:
4158:
4149:
4140:
4132:
4128:
4123:
4118:
4114:
4110:
4107:(5): 739–51.
4106:
4102:
4098:
4091:
4083:
4079:
4074:
4069:
4064:
4059:
4055:
4051:
4047:
4040:
4033:
4032:HowStuffWorks
4029:
4024:
4022:
4014:
4010:
4006:
4003:
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3990:
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3974:
3970:
3966:
3962:
3955:
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3943:
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3935:
3929:
3921:
3917:
3913:
3907:
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3895:
3891:
3885:
3881:
3880:
3872:
3864:
3860:
3855:
3850:
3845:
3840:
3836:
3832:
3828:
3821:
3813:
3809:
3802:
3794:
3790:
3785:
3780:
3776:
3772:
3768:
3764:
3760:
3756:
3752:
3748:
3744:
3737:
3729:
3723:
3715:
3711:
3707:
3703:
3699:
3695:
3692:(2): 125–28.
3691:
3687:
3686:
3678:
3663:
3659:
3653:
3645:
3641:
3636:
3631:
3627:
3623:
3619:
3615:
3614:
3609:
3602:
3600:
3591:
3587:
3582:
3577:
3573:
3569:
3565:
3558:
3551:
3547:
3543:
3539:
3535:
3531:
3527:
3523:
3519:
3513:
3507:
3503:
3502:
3494:
3478:
3474:
3473:"Ginger Jews"
3468:
3460:
3456:
3455:
3450:
3444:
3428:
3424:
3417:
3409:
3408:
3400:
3398:
3389:
3387:9781107434585
3383:
3379:
3378:
3370:
3363:
3362:0-8020-8508-3
3359:
3355:
3352:
3347:
3328:
3324:
3320:
3313:
3306:
3298:
3294:
3288:
3281:
3275:
3267:
3263:
3259:
3255:
3251:
3247:
3240:
3232:
3226:
3222:
3221:
3213:
3205:
3199:
3195:
3191:
3187:
3186:
3178:
3169:
3167:9780281079896
3163:
3159:
3155:
3151:
3150:
3142:
3136:
3132:
3126:
3111:
3105:
3101:
3100:
3092:
3084:
3077:
3068:
3063:
3059:
3055:
3051:
3044:
3036:
3030:
3023:
3019:
3012:
3005:
3001:
2995:
2991:
2984:
2978:, 1965, p. 91
2977:
2973:
2969:
2963:
2956:
2952:
2946:
2931:
2927:
2923:
2919:
2915:
2909:
2901:
2897:
2893:
2889:
2885:
2881:
2877:
2870:
2863:
2858:
2856:
2848:
2844:
2839:
2837:
2829:
2824:
2822:
2814:
2809:
2807:
2800:
2796:
2790:
2783:
2778:
2770:
2764:
2760:
2756:
2755:
2747:
2739:
2737:9781603764032
2733:
2729:
2728:
2720:
2712:
2706:
2702:
2695:
2684:
2683:
2675:
2667:
2661:
2657:
2656:
2648:
2640:
2634:
2630:
2629:
2621:
2613:
2606:
2598:
2594:
2590:
2586:
2582:
2578:
2575:(4): 312–33.
2574:
2570:
2563:
2555:
2551:
2547:
2543:
2539:
2535:
2531:
2527:
2523:
2516:
2500:
2496:
2495:The Telegraph
2491:
2483:
2475:
2471:
2464:
2449:
2447:9780857900203
2443:
2439:
2438:
2430:
2415:
2414:Irish Central
2411:
2404:
2402:
2392:
2383:
2367:
2363:
2359:
2353:
2345:
2341:
2337:
2333:
2329:
2325:
2322:(3): 328–30.
2321:
2317:
2310:
2308:
2300:
2288:
2287:
2282:
2275:
2271:
2258:
2254:
2250:
2246:
2240:
2236:
2226:
2223:
2221:
2220:
2216:
2213:
2210:
2208:
2205:
2203:
2200:
2198:
2195:
2194:
2188:
2186:
2176:
2174:Âng-mn̂g-siâⁿ
2170:
2162:
2159:
2156:
2152:
2148:
2144:
2139:
2137:
2136:
2131:
2127:
2117:
2113:
2108:
2106:
2105:
2100:
2099:
2094:
2084:
2080:
2076:
2072:
2068:
2064:
2058:
2054:
2048:
2040:
2036:
2035:
2024:
2022:
2020:
2016:
2012:
2007:
2004:
2000:
1995:
1993:
1989:
1985:
1981:
1976:
1974:
1969:
1964:
1962:
1958:
1954:
1949:
1947:
1943:
1938:
1936:
1935:
1930:
1926:
1922:
1918:
1913:
1911:
1906:
1905:Mick Hucknall
1902:
1901:Leigh Francis
1898:
1897:
1892:
1888:
1887:
1882:
1877:
1873:
1867:
1865:
1861:
1857:
1853:
1849:
1845:
1841:
1834:
1830:
1825:
1821:
1818:
1814:
1809:
1807:
1803:
1793:
1791:
1787:
1783:
1779:
1775:
1771:
1767:
1763:
1759:
1755:
1744:
1742:
1737:
1731:
1729:
1725:
1721:
1717:
1714:According to
1712:
1710:
1706:
1702:
1698:
1689:
1687:
1683:
1679:
1675:
1674:
1669:
1664:
1663:temperament.
1662:
1658:
1654:
1651:
1646:
1644:
1640:
1639:
1634:
1630:
1629:
1617:
1607:
1605:
1601:
1597:
1593:
1589:
1588:
1583:
1579:
1578:
1573:
1569:
1568:
1563:
1562:
1557:
1553:
1549:
1539:
1537:
1533:
1529:
1525:
1522:
1517:
1515:
1511:
1507:
1503:
1494:
1485:
1480:
1478:
1475:
1470:
1468:
1462:
1455:
1450:
1446:
1445:
1439:
1437:
1434:, as well as
1433:
1429:
1428:ancient Egypt
1421:
1417:
1413:
1409:
1400:
1398:
1393:
1391:
1387:
1382:
1380:
1375:
1372:
1368:
1363:
1361:
1356:
1353:
1348:
1346:
1342:
1338:
1330:
1325:
1316:
1314:
1309:
1307:
1303:
1299:
1295:
1290:
1288:
1284:
1280:
1276:
1275:
1270:
1266:
1262:
1258:
1256:
1252:
1248:
1244:
1240:
1236:
1235:
1230:
1226:
1222:
1217:
1215:
1211:
1205:
1203:
1199:
1195:
1191:
1187:
1183:
1182:Nicole Kidman
1179:
1175:
1169:
1165:
1161:
1145:
1141:
1135:
1127:
1123:
1119:
1114:
1110:
1106:
1102:
1097:
1090:
1086:
1082:
1078:
1077:Cleopatra VII
1073:
1064:
1058:
1054:
1051:
1047:
1043:
1039:
1036:
1032:
1028:
1024:
1020:
1016:
1015:
1014:
1006:
1004:
1000:
995:
993:
989:
985:
981:
977:
973:
969:
965:
961:
955:
953:
949:
945:
941:
936:
934:
930:
926:
915:
913:
909:
905:
901:
896:
891:
889:
885:
881:
877:
873:
865:
851:
849:
844:
842:
838:
834:
830:
829:HowStuffWorks
825:
824:
819:
818:
811:
806:
799:
797:
792:
789:
787:
786:genetic drift
782:
778:
774:
770:
766:
751:
742:
739:
737:
733:
729:
725:
715:
713:
708:
706:
702:
696:
694:
690:
685:
681:
677:
673:
672:chromosome 16
669:
665:
660:
658:
648:
646:
642:
638:
634:
630:
625:
623:
619:
618:Tarim mummies
615:
611:
606:
604:
600:
596:
592:
582:
580:
576:
572:
565:and red hair.
564:
560:
556:
551:
542:
540:
536:
532:
528:
523:
521:
516:
512:
508:
504:
500:
499:Kyrgyz people
496:
492:
491:Tarim mummies
488:
480:
479:Mustafa Amini
476:
472:
470:
466:
465:South Siberia
462:
458:
453:
451:
447:
443:
439:
435:
431:
427:
423:
416:
413:region, with
412:
408:
404:
399:
390:
388:
384:
380:
377:and northern
376:
372:
362:
360:
356:
345:
343:
339:
335:
330:
328:
324:
323:Udmurt people
320:
319:ethnographers
315:
313:
309:
304:
300:
296:
292:
284:
279:
272:
265:
254:
250:
241:
239:
235:
231:
227:
223:
222:Great Britain
219:
217:
213:
211:
207:
206:British Isles
203:
199:
179:
177:
172:
168:
166:
162:
158:
154:
150:
146:
142:
138:
134:
130:
126:
122:
117:
115:
111:
110:chromosome 16
107:
103:
99:
95:
91:
87:
83:
76:
71:
65:with red hair
64:
59:
51:
47:
43:
36:
34:
19:
6697:Highlighting
6653:
6560:
6532:
6520:
6511:
6508:the original
6501:
6490:
6462:
6458:
6426:
6422:
6414:Kōmō zatsuwa
6413:
6407:
6393:
6382:
6364:
6336:
6330:
6323:
6315:the original
6310:
6299:the original
6294:
6284:
6276:
6272:
6265:
6257:
6253:
6245:
6238:
6231:
6221:
6215:
6206:
6197:
6188:
6179:
6171:Daily Mirror
6170:
6160:
6152:
6144:
6132:. Retrieved
6129:The Guardian
6128:
6118:
6110:
6102:
6090:. Retrieved
6081:
6069:
6052:. Retrieved
6044:
6035:
6024:the original
6019:
6007:
5995:. Retrieved
5991:the original
5986:
5977:
5965:. Retrieved
5960:
5951:
5939:. Retrieved
5929:
5917:. Retrieved
5913:the original
5898:
5886:. Retrieved
5882:
5872:
5860:
5848:. Retrieved
5843:
5834:
5822:
5810:
5798:. Retrieved
5793:
5784:
5772:. Retrieved
5762:
5750:. Retrieved
5746:
5737:
5725:. Retrieved
5700:
5688:. Retrieved
5683:
5674:
5665:
5655:
5647:
5643:
5635:
5631:
5627:
5619:
5615:
5610:
5602:
5597:
5585:. Retrieved
5579:
5572:
5560:
5547:. Retrieved
5543:the original
5527:
5520:
5512:
5498:
5492:
5481:
5474:
5460:
5453:
5443:
5441:"Red Hair".
5436:
5424:. Retrieved
5420:
5411:
5399:. Retrieved
5395:
5386:
5374:. Retrieved
5370:
5361:
5353:
5346:. Retrieved
5331:
5324:
5316:
5309:. Retrieved
5294:
5287:
5275:. Retrieved
5260:
5250:
5241:
5234:. Retrieved
5219:
5209:
5200:
5193:. Retrieved
5178:
5168:
5156:. Retrieved
5148:
5139:
5119:
5112:
5104:
5099:
5090:
5081:
5072:
5063:
5055:the original
5041:
5014:
5002:. Retrieved
4998:the original
4993:
4984:
4972:. Retrieved
4969:Mirror.co.uk
4968:
4958:
4946:. Retrieved
4942:
4932:
4922:10 September
4920:. Retrieved
4915:
4905:
4896:
4887:
4878:
4869:
4857:. Retrieved
4844:
4832:. Retrieved
4819:
4800:
4784:
4779:
4755:
4744:
4735:
4731:
4718:
4680:(1): 233–9.
4677:
4673:
4647:
4643:
4633:
4583:
4579:
4533:
4529:
4523:
4488:
4484:
4444:
4440:
4430:
4385:
4381:
4371:
4336:
4332:
4322:
4290:(7): 583–7.
4287:
4283:
4258:. Retrieved
4253:
4244:
4232:. Retrieved
4227:the original
4219:
4206:
4171:
4167:
4157:
4148:
4139:
4104:
4100:
4090:
4053:
4049:
4039:
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3964:
3960:
3954:
3946:the original
3941:
3937:
3928:
3920:the original
3915:
3906:
3878:
3871:
3834:
3830:
3820:
3811:
3801:
3750:
3746:
3736:
3722:
3689:
3683:
3677:
3665:. Retrieved
3661:
3652:
3617:
3611:
3571:
3567:
3557:
3549:
3548:; Flannagan
3545:
3541:
3540:; Bastiaens
3537:
3533:
3529:
3525:
3521:
3517:
3500:
3493:
3481:. Retrieved
3476:
3467:
3453:
3443:
3431:. Retrieved
3426:
3416:
3406:
3376:
3369:
3350:
3346:
3334:. Retrieved
3327:the original
3322:
3318:
3305:
3296:
3287:
3279:
3274:
3249:
3245:
3239:
3219:
3212:
3184:
3177:
3148:
3141:
3125:
3113:. Retrieved
3098:
3091:
3082:
3076:
3057:
3053:
3043:
3021:
3017:
3011:
3003:
2989:
2983:
2971:
2962:
2954:
2945:
2933:. Retrieved
2921:
2908:
2883:
2879:
2869:
2861:
2846:
2842:
2827:
2812:
2789:
2781:
2777:
2753:
2746:
2726:
2719:
2700:
2694:
2681:
2674:
2654:
2647:
2627:
2620:
2611:
2605:
2572:
2568:
2562:
2529:
2525:
2515:
2503:. Retrieved
2494:
2482:
2473:
2463:
2451:. Retrieved
2436:
2429:
2417:. Retrieved
2413:
2391:
2382:
2370:. Retrieved
2361:
2352:
2319:
2315:
2298:
2291:. Retrieved
2284:
2274:
2239:
2217:
2172:
2140:
2133:
2115:
2111:
2109:
2102:
2096:
2082:
2060:
2050:
2032:
2030:
2023:
2008:
1996:
1991:
1977:
1965:
1950:
1939:
1932:
1914:
1896:Bo' Selecta!
1894:
1884:
1868:
1850:" uses this
1837:
1827:Painting of
1812:
1810:
1801:
1799:
1751:
1733:
1713:
1695:
1671:
1665:
1647:
1636:
1633:Anne Shirley
1626:
1624:
1603:
1599:
1586:
1585:
1576:
1566:
1565:
1560:
1550:– a name of
1547:
1545:
1526:
1518:
1492:
1483:
1481:
1471:
1442:
1440:
1425:
1394:
1383:
1376:
1364:
1357:
1349:
1334:
1312:
1310:
1291:
1279:Lucille Ball
1272:
1259:
1255:Gustav Klimt
1232:
1218:
1206:
1190:Marcia Cross
1172:
1164:The Accolade
1163:
1125:
1117:
1062:
1019:malnutrition
1012:
996:
956:
937:
921:
900:skin cancers
892:
888:heterozygous
870:
845:
840:
821:
815:
813:
805:
796:Neanderthals
793:
790:
780:
762:
748:
740:
736:chromosome 4
731:
721:
709:
697:
679:
661:
655:The pigment
654:
644:
626:
607:
588:
579:South Africa
568:
538:
535:Golden Horde
524:
520:Hmong people
484:
459:cemetery in
454:
434:East Indians
419:
368:
351:
331:
327:Volga Region
316:
289:
230:British Army
220:
214:
195:
176:Central Asia
173:
169:
133:burnt orange
118:
85:
81:
80:
73:Portrait of
63:Rupert Grint
46:
32:
6759:Stereotypes
6503:Japan Times
6092:28 December
6054:10 February
5850:11 November
4948:4 September
4013:News.com.au
3753:(1): 5271.
3544:; Kennedy
3085:. Capstone.
2532:: 375–401.
2440:. Birlinn.
2419:31 December
2368:. June 2011
2257:Westmorland
2187:fort'.
2015:sperm banks
1982:withdrew a
1917:Ginger Kids
1910:Tim Minchin
1891:Sandra Kemp
1864:hate crimes
1844:ginger root
1760:, and thus
1752:During the
1653:temperament
1500:, see also
1467:Neoptolemus
1436:Ramesses II
1399:, Germany.
1352:County Cork
1337:Redhead Day
1329:Redhead Day
1287:Technicolor
1283:Red Skelton
1166:, 1901, by
1099:Polychrome
1089:Herculaneum
1027:kwashiorkor
984:pheomelanin
948:pentazocine
876:sun tanning
657:pheomelanin
614:Tarim Basin
575:Polynesians
559:Melanesians
515:Miao people
509:notes that
503:Book of Wei
487:auburn hair
415:auburn hair
236:and in the
145:pheomelanin
86:ginger hair
6764:Hair color
6748:Categories
6687:Blue rinse
6622:Hair color
6381:. (hbk.).
6084:. London.
5051:Chicagoist
3516:"Valverde
3433:9 November
3230:0415244862
3135:0520015967
2474:The Herald
2362:OED Online
2266:References
2245:Cumberland
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2057:Pe̍h-ōe-jī
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1852:stage name
1848:Carrot Top
1786:King David
1778:King David
1678:Houyhnhnms
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1198:Emma Stone
1050:New Guinea
999:hemorrhage
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4854:WebMuseum
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1957:orangutan
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1298:Red Sonja
1294:Jean Grey
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980:eumelanin
944:analgesic
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925:vitamin K
884:freckling
777:vitamin D
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684:vitamin D
633:Israelite
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5888:21 April
5844:BBC News
5800:21 April
5794:BBC News
5258:(1999).
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