230:
25:
122:
253:
for degradation. However, receptor-mediated endocytosis is also actively implicated in transducing signals from the cell periphery to the nucleus. This became apparent when it was found that the association and formation of specific signaling complexes via clathrin-mediated endocytosis is required
200:
to the plasma membrane around where invagination will take place. Invagination of the plasma membrane then occurs, forming a clathrin-coated pit. Other receptors can nucleate a clathrin-coated pit allowing formation around the receptor. A mature pit will be cleaved from the plasma membrane through
249:). The role of receptor-mediated endocytosis is well recognized up take downregulation of transmembrane signal transduction but can also promote sustained signal transduction. The activated receptor becomes internalised and is transported to late endosomes and
196:-mediated endocytosis remains the best studied. Clathrin-mediated endocytosis of many receptor types begins with the ligands binding to receptors on the cell plasma membrane. The ligand and receptor will then recruit adaptor proteins and clathrin
270:
Using fluorescent or EM visible dyes to tag specific molecules in living cells, it is possible to follow the internalization of cargo molecules and the evolution of a clathrin-coated pit by fluorescence microscopy and immuno electron microscopy.
767:
Nevola L, MartĂn-QuirĂłs A, Eckelt K, Camarero N, Tosi S, Llobet A, et al. (July 2013). "Light-regulated stapled peptides to inhibit protein-protein interactions involved in clathrin-mediated endocytosis".
258:). Additionally it has been proposed that the directed transport of active signaling complexes to the nucleus might be required to enable signaling, due to the fact that random
262:
is too slow, and mechanisms permanently downregulating incoming signals are strong enough to shut down signaling completely without additional signal-transducing mechanisms.
844:
Prischich D, del Dedo JE, Cambra M, Prat J, Camarero N, Nevola L, et al. (April 2021). "Light-dependent inhibition of clathrin-mediated endocytosis in yeast".
237:
The function of receptor-mediated endocytosis is diverse. It is widely used for the specific uptake of certain substances required by the cell (examples include
1161:
1939:
724:
Glass JJ, Yuen D, Rae J, Johnston AP, Parton RG, Kent SJ, De Rose R (April 2016). "Human immune cell targeting of protein nanoparticles--caveospheres".
1665:
1178:
805:"Absence of a stable secondary structure is not a limitation for photoswitchable inhibitors of β-arrestin/β-Adaptin 2 protein-protein interaction"
2142:
42:
89:
955:
61:
1800:
1154:
1953:
68:
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1781:
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1481:
1476:
1471:
1456:
1446:
1305:
1300:
1436:
75:
577:"Four-dimensional organization of protein kinase signaling cascades: the roles of diffusion, endocytosis and molecular motors"
274:
Since the process is non-specific, the ligand can be a carrier for larger molecules. If the target cell has a known specific
1147:
416:
1085:
361:
57:
1365:
108:
948:
875:
Camarero N, Trapero A, PĂ©rez-JimĂ©nez A, Macia E, Gomila-Juaneda A, MartĂn-QuirĂłs A, et al. (September 2020).
1929:
308:
165:
46:
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on the surface of the cell. Only the receptor-specific substances can enter the cell through this process.
82:
2163:
1174:
1139:
941:
1328:
1323:
1053:
526:"Modeling the signaling endosome hypothesis: why a drive to the nucleus is better than a (random) walk"
399:
Sorkin A, Puthenveedu MA (2013-01-01). "Clathrin-Mediated
Endocytosis". In Yarden Y, Tarcic G (eds.).
2109:
1048:
1594:
278:
255:
210:
169:
35:
233:
Endocytosis is triggered when a specific receptor is activated in receptor-mediated endocytosis.
475:
Thomsen AR, Plouffe B, Cahill TJ, Shukla AK, Tarrasch JT, Dosey AM, et al. (August 2016).
304:
1015:
1000:
733:
678:
296:
can be used to target the nanoparticles to specific receptors on the cell surface (such as
1353:
1205:
8:
1879:
1830:
1791:
1732:
974:
737:
682:
667:"Quantifying the dynamic interactions between a clathrin-coated pit and cargo molecules"
2076:
994:
964:
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876:
857:
701:
666:
642:
617:
552:
525:
501:
476:
457:
803:
MartĂn-QuirĂłs A, Nevola L, Eckelt K, Madurga S, Gorostiza P, Giralt E (January 2015).
341:
The initiation of vesicle formation can be delayed/inhibited by temperature variations
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217:. Once fused, the endocytosed cargo (receptor and/or ligand) can then be sorted to
161:
1196:
157:
877:"Correction: Photoswitchable dynasore analogs to control endocytosis with light"
477:"GPCR-G Protein-β-Arrestin Super-Complex Mediates Sustained G Protein Signaling"
408:
229:
671:
Proceedings of the
National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
492:
853:
633:
432:
Kaksonen M, Roux A (May 2018). "Mechanisms of clathrin-mediated endocytosis".
2157:
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910:
830:
789:
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651:
602:
561:
542:
510:
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315:(Traffic Lights peptides) and photoswitchable small molecule inhibitors of
242:
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1561:
1541:
1100:
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445:
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275:
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compounds allow spatiotemporal control of the endocytosis with light.
1948:
1038:
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259:
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24:
2016:
1693:
1685:
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1612:
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1502:
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218:
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185:
300:). This is one method of improving drug delivery to immune cells.
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2021:
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1314:
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1005:
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149:
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802:
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that then uncoats of clathrin and typically fuses to a sorting
181:
168:
containing the absorbed substances and is strictly mediated by
335:
The formation of these vesicles is sensitive to inhibition by
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can be brought into the cell through a few mechanisms (e.g.
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843:
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121:
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238:
201:
the use of membrane-binding and fission proteins such as
618:"Imaging endocytic clathrin structures in living cells"
332:
Induction within minutes of exposure to excess ligand.
723:
49:. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.
281:, drugs can be attached and will be internalized.
664:
398:
2155:
665:Weigel AV, Tamkun MM, Krapf D (November 2013).
254:for the effective signaling of hormones (e.g.
1155:
949:
431:
221:, recycling, or other trafficking pathways.
615:
530:Theoretical Biology & Medical Modelling
468:
125:Mechanism of clathrin-dependent endocytosis
1162:
1148:
973:Mechanisms for chemical transport through
956:
942:
930:- A lecture on RME with some nice pictures
574:
900:
820:
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690:
641:
592:
551:
541:
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109:Learn how and when to remove this message
228:
120:
16:Process by which cells absorb materials
2156:
963:
434:Nature Reviews. Molecular Cell Biology
2143:vesicular transport protein disorders
1143:
937:
140:, is a process by which cells absorb
1086:Non-specific, adsorptive pinocytosis
523:
403:. Springer New York. pp. 1–31.
394:
392:
362:Non-specific, adsorptive pinocytosis
47:adding citations to reliable sources
18:
581:The Journal of Experimental Biology
319:(Dynazos) has been reported. These
13:
326:
14:
2175:
921:
389:
23:
868:
837:
796:
616:Kirchhausen T (November 2009).
156:– by the inward budding of the
58:"Receptor-mediated endocytosis"
34:needs additional citations for
822:10.1016/j.chembiol.2014.10.022
760:
717:
658:
609:
568:
517:
425:
284:To achieve internalisation of
265:
1:
1106:Receptor-mediated endocytosis
401:Vesicle Trafficking in Cancer
382:
313:clathrin-mediated endocytosis
180:Although receptors and their
138:clathrin-mediated endocytosis
130:Receptor-mediated endocytosis
1175:vesicular transport proteins
309:protein-protein interactions
7:
575:Kholodenko BN (June 2003).
409:10.1007/978-1-4614-6528-7_1
345:
224:
10:
2180:
1054:Secondary active transport
493:10.1016/j.cell.2016.07.004
175:
2138:
2069:
2034:
2009:
1988:
1962:
1938:
1925:
1912:
1880:Adaptor protein complex 4
1878:
1831:Adaptor protein complex 3
1829:
1792:Adaptor protein complex 2
1790:
1733:Adaptor protein complex 1
1731:
1724:
1717:
1684:
1652:
1603:
1527:
1490:
1392:
1352:
1204:
1195:
1186:
1119:
1071:
1062:
1024:
981:
971:
854:10.1101/2021.04.01.432428
634:10.1016/j.tcb.2009.09.002
2110:Vacuolar protein sorting
1049:Primary active transport
524:Howe CL (October 2005).
809:Chemistry & Biology
692:10.1073/pnas.1315202110
305:photoswitchable peptide
211:clathrin-coated vesicle
782:10.1002/anie.201303324
622:Trends in Cell Biology
543:10.1186/1742-4682-2-43
234:
164:). This process forms
126:
1001:Facilitated diffusion
848:: 2021.04.01.432428.
232:
209:proteins), forming a
124:
975:biological membranes
587:(Pt 12): 2073–2082.
446:10.1038/nrm.2017.132
321:photopharmacological
288:into cells, such as
152:– and in some cases
43:improve this article
738:2016Nanos...8.8255G
683:2013PNAS..110E4591W
677:(48): E4591–E4600.
303:The development of
2164:Cellular processes
2077:EHD protein family
995:mediated transport
965:Membrane transport
893:10.1039/D0SC90189J
746:10.1039/C6NR00506C
235:
205:(as well as other
127:
2151:
2150:
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2029:
1725:Vesicle formation
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1522:
1388:
1387:
1137:
1136:
1133:
1132:
983:Passive transport
928:CytoChemistry.net
776:(30): 7704–7708.
770:Angewandte Chemie
732:(15): 8255–8265.
605:. 206, 2073-2082.
594:10.1242/jeb.00298
418:978-1-4614-6527-0
119:
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111:
93:
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1188:Synaptic vesicle
1171:Membrane protein
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1069:
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1026:Active transport
991:Simple diffusion
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881:Chemical Science
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429:
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396:
352:Bulk endocytosis
114:
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100:
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51:
27:
19:
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2146:
2130:
2065:
2026:
2005:
1984:
1958:
1934:
1921:
1908:
1874:
1825:
1786:
1718:Other/ungrouped
1713:
1680:
1648:
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1505:
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1384:
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1168:
1138:
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919:
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628:(11): 596–605.
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569:
522:
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473:
469:
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327:Characteristics
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158:plasma membrane
136:), also called
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40:
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2103:Sorting nexins
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1394:Synaptotagmin
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1381:
1378:
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1371:
1367:
1363:
1362:Synaptobrevin
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1081:Efferocytosis
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60: –
59:
55:
54:Find sources:
48:
44:
38:
37:
32:This article
30:
26:
21:
20:
2140:
2036:Small GTPase
1653:
1640:Small GTPase
1591:Small GTPase
1557:COPD/Archain
1511:Small GTPase
1111:Transcytosis
1105:
1091:Phagocytosis
887:(35): 9712.
884:
880:
870:
845:
839:
815:(1): 31–37.
812:
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367:Phagocytosis
311:involved in
302:
283:
273:
269:
245:or iron via
243:LDL receptor
236:
179:
162:invagination
137:
133:
129:
128:
105:
99:October 2013
96:
86:
79:
72:
65:
53:
41:Please help
36:verification
33:
1101:Potocytosis
1096:Pinocytosis
1073:Endocytosis
372:Pinocytosis
357:Endocytosis
276:pinocytotic
266:Experiments
247:transferrin
198:triskelions
142:metabolites
1121:Exocytosis
1044:Antiporter
383:References
337:wortmannin
294:antibodies
207:BAR domain
190:lipid raft
69:newspapers
2141:See also
1039:Symporter
1034:Uniporter
862:233175680
726:Nanoscale
536:(1): 43.
377:Viropexis
260:diffusion
251:lysosomes
219:lysosomal
170:receptors
2158:Category
2017:Retromer
1694:Caveolin
1686:Caveolae
1658:Clathrin
1613:Coatomer
1537:Coatomer
1503:Synapsin
1226:Syntaxin
1016:Carriers
1011:Channels
993:(or non-
911:33016959
831:25615951
790:23775788
754:27031090
711:24218552
652:19836955
603:12756289
562:16236165
511:27499021
454:29410531
346:See also
279:receptor
241:via the
225:Function
215:endosome
194:clathrin
186:caveolin
166:vesicles
150:proteins
146:hormones
2044:Dynamin
1989:BLOC-3:
1963:BLOC-2:
1954:BLOC153
1354:R-SNARE
1315:Munc-18
1206:Q-SNARE
1064:Cytosis
1006:Osmosis
902:7495901
846:bioRxiv
734:Bibcode
702:3845133
679:Bibcode
643:2796618
564:. 2:43.
553:1276819
502:5418658
462:4380108
317:dynamin
290:T cells
203:dynamin
182:ligands
176:Process
154:viruses
83:scholar
2119:VPS33B
2114:VPS13B
2010:Coats:
1949:DTNBP1
1940:BLOC-1
1622:SEC24A
1618:SEC23A
1344:STXBP6
1339:STXBP5
1334:STXBP4
1329:STXBP3
1324:STXBP2
1319:STXBP1
1219:SNAP29
1214:SNAP25
909:
899:
860:
829:
788:
752:
709:
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650:
640:
601:
560:
550:
509:
499:
460:
452:
415:
85:
78:
71:
64:
56:
2126:SYNRG
2070:Other
2022:TIP47
1917:LMAN1
1904:AP4S1
1899:AP4M1
1894:AP4E1
1889:AP4B1
1870:AP3S2
1865:AP3S1
1860:AP3M2
1855:AP3M1
1850:AP3D1
1845:AP3B2
1840:AP3B1
1821:AP2S1
1816:AP2M1
1811:AP2B1
1806:AP2A2
1801:AP2A1
1782:AP1S3
1777:AP1S2
1772:AP1S1
1767:AP1M2
1762:AP1M1
1757:AP1G2
1752:AP1G1
1747:AP1B1
1742:AP1AR
1644:SAR1A
1631:SEC31
1627:SEC13
1605:COPII
1582:COPZ2
1577:COPZ1
1572:COPG2
1552:COPB2
1547:COPB1
1515:RAB3A
1491:Other
1482:SYT17
1477:SYT16
1472:SYT15
1467:SYT14
1462:SYT13
1457:SYT12
1452:SYT11
1447:SYT10
1380:VAMP3
1375:VAMP2
1370:VAMP1
1306:STX19
1301:STX18
1296:STX17
1291:STX16
1286:STX12
1281:STX11
1276:STX10
1236:STX1B
1231:STX1A
1197:SNARE
1179:TC 1F
858:S2CID
458:S2CID
90:JSTOR
76:books
2096:EHD4
2091:EHD3
2086:EHD2
2081:EHD1
2059:DNM3
2054:DNM2
2049:DNM1
2001:HPS4
1996:HPS1
1980:HPS6
1975:HPS5
1970:HPS3
1930:LYST
1708:CAV3
1703:CAV2
1698:CAV1
1676:CLTC
1671:CLTB
1666:CLTA
1567:COPG
1562:COPE
1542:COPA
1529:COPI
1442:SYT9
1437:SYT8
1432:SYT7
1427:SYT6
1422:SYT5
1417:SYT4
1412:SYT3
1407:SYT2
1402:SYT1
1366:VAMP
1271:STX8
1266:STX7
1261:STX6
1256:STX5
1251:STX4
1246:STX3
1241:STX2
907:PMID
827:PMID
786:PMID
750:PMID
707:PMID
648:PMID
599:PMID
558:PMID
507:PMID
481:Cell
450:PMID
413:ISBN
298:CCR5
188:and
62:news
1654:RME
1595:ARF
897:PMC
889:doi
850:doi
817:doi
778:doi
742:doi
697:PMC
687:doi
675:110
638:PMC
630:doi
589:doi
585:206
548:PMC
538:doi
497:PMC
489:doi
485:166
442:doi
405:doi
256:EGF
239:LDL
192:),
134:RME
45:by
2160::
2112::
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813:22
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532:.
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479:.
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438:19
436:.
411:.
391:^
292:,
148:,
144:,
1942::
1882::
1833::
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1735::
1710:)
1696:(
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891::
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