Locomotive - Knowledge

1054: 1789: 1105: 1715: 1322: 932: 187: 2232: 918:

commercial service and replaced with electric and diesel-electric locomotives. While North America transitioned from steam during the 1950s, and continental Europe by the 1970s, in other parts of the world, the transition happened later. Steam was a familiar technology that used widely-available fuels and in low-wage economies did not suffer as wide a cost disparity. It continued to be used in many countries until the end of the 20th century. By the end of the 20th century, almost the only steam power remaining in regular use around the world was on

978: 990: 172: 1999: 593: 218: 1450: 1586:

including compressor, combustion chamber, turbine and air pre-heater. In 1952, Renault delivered a prototype four-axle 1150 hp gas-turbine-mechanical locomotive fitted with the Pescara "free turbine" gas- and compressed-air producing system, rather than a co-axial multi-stage compressor integral to the turbine. This model was succeeded by a pair of six-axle 2400 hp locomotives with two turbines and Pescara feeds in 1959. Several similar locomotives were built in USSR by

2015: 952: 1215: 1141: 1892: 1374: 146: 47: 1797: 1553: 2179:

was the price of uranium. With the Borst atomic locomotive, the center section would have a 200-ton reactor chamber and steel walls 5 feet thick to prevent releases of radioactivity in case of accidents. He estimated a cost to manufacture atomic locomotives with 7000 h.p. engines at approximately $ 1,200,000 each. Consequently, trains with onboard nuclear generators were generally deemed unfeasible due to prohibitive costs.

1990:

3 kV 15 Hz. The voltage was significantly higher than used earlier and it required new designs for electric motors and switching devices. The three-phase two-wire system was used on several railways in Northern Italy and became known as "the Italian system". Kandó was invited in 1905 to undertake the management of Società Italiana Westinghouse and led the development of several Italian electric locomotives.

4151: 2517: 2388:(EMUs) or diesel multiple units (DMUs) – passenger cars that also have traction motors and power equipment. Using dedicated locomotive-like power cars allows for a high ride quality and less electrical equipment; but EMUs have less axle weight, which reduces maintenance costs, and EMUs also have higher acceleration and higher seating capacity. Also some trains, including 1045:, that produced an operating system based upon a design prototype for a manganese mine in Giessen. Then in the early 1900's, they were sold for multiple mining and Tunnelling operations. Post the 1900's, no wide spread use was necessary or required. Their inadequacy had increased with the existence of petrol and diesel locomotives. 2380:, which do not have places for passengers and technically are special single-ended locomotives. The difference from conventional locomotives is that these power cars are integral part of a train and are not adapted for operation with any other types of passenger coaches. On the other hand, many high-speed trains such as the 1088:. This locomotive was built using a 12 hp double-acting marine type engine, running at 300 rpm, mounted on a 4-wheel wagon chassis. It was only able to haul one loaded wagon at a time, due to its low power output, and was not a great success. The first successful kerosene locomotive was "Lachesis" built by 2118:

tons. In 1928, Kennecott Copper ordered four 700-series electric locomotives with on-board batteries. These locomotives weighed 85 tons and operated on 750-volt overhead trolley wire with considerable further range whilst running on batteries. The locomotives provided several decades of service using

1989:

Italian railways were the first in the world to introduce electric traction for the entire length of a main line rather than just a short stretch. The 106 km Valtellina line was opened on 4 September 1902, designed by Kandó and a team from the Ganz works. The electrical system was three-phase at

1954:

developed a new type 3-phase asynchronous electric drive motors and generators for electric locomotives. Kandó's early 1894 designs were first applied in a short three-phase AC tramway in Evian-les-Bains (France), which was constructed between 1896 and 1898. In 1918, Kandó invented and developed the

681:

operation has become common, where the train may have a locomotive (or locomotives) at the front, at the rear, or at each end. Most recently railroads have begun adopting DPU or distributed power. The front may have one or two locomotives followed by a mid-train locomotive that is controlled remotely

2787:

A south Wales town has begun months of celebrations to mark the 200th anniversary of the invention of the steam locomotive. Merthyr Tydfil was the location where, on 21 February 1804, Richard Trevithick took the world into the railway age when he set one of his high-pressure steam engines on a local

1816:

in 1879. The locomotive was driven by a 2.2 kW, series-wound motor, and the train, consisting of the locomotive and three cars, reached a speed of 13 km/h. During four months, the train carried 90,000 passengers on a 300-metre-long (984 feet) circular track. The electricity (150 V DC) was

1585:

to deliver the power output of gas turbines to the wheels. A gas turbine locomotive was patented in 1861 by Marc Antoine Francois Mennons (British patent no. 1633). There is no evidence that the locomotive was actually built but the design includes the essential features of gas turbine locomotives,

917:

figures showed that the cost of crewing and fuelling a steam locomotive was about two and a half times larger than the cost of supporting an equivalent diesel locomotive, and the daily mileage they could run was lower. Between about 1950 and 1970, the majority of steam locomotives were retired from

2291:

and high sustained power. This allows them to start and move long, heavy trains, but usually comes at the cost of relatively low maximum speeds. Passenger locomotives usually develop lower starting tractive effort but are able to operate at the high speeds required to maintain passenger schedules.

2178:

was given funding by various US railroad line and manufacturers to study the feasibility of an electric-drive locomotive, in which an onboard atomic reactor produced the steam to generate the electricity. At that time, atomic power was not fully understood; Borst believed the major stumbling block

1744:

Electric locomotives almost universally use axle-hung traction motors, with one motor for each powered axle. In this arrangement, one side of the motor housing is supported by plain bearings riding on a ground and polished journal that is integral to the axle. The other side of the housing has a

1640:

ran a large fleet of turbine-powered freight locomotives starting in the 1950s. These were widely used on long-haul routes, and were cost-effective despite their poor fuel economy due to their use of "leftover" fuels from the petroleum industry. At their height the railroad estimated that they

2504:

started to enter service in switching operations, being remotely controlled by an operator outside of the locomotive cab. The main benefit is one operator can control the loading of grain, coal, gravel, etc. into the cars. In addition, the same operator can move the train as needed. Thus, the

1757:

on the axle. Both gears are enclosed in a liquid-tight housing containing lubricating oil. The type of service in which the locomotive is used dictates the gear ratio employed. Numerically high ratios are commonly found on freight units, whereas numerically low ratios are typical of passenger

2295:

Most steam locomotives have reciprocating engines, with pistons coupled to the driving wheels by means of connecting rods, with no intervening gearbox. This means the combination of starting tractive effort and maximum speed is greatly influenced by the diameter of the driving wheels. Steam

2033:

Such locomotives are used where a conventional diesel or electric locomotive would be unsuitable. An example is maintenance trains on electrified lines when the electricity supply is turned off. Another use is in industrial facilities where a combustion-powered locomotive (i.e.,

1360:

founded Diesel-Sulzer-Klose GmbH to manufacture diesel-powered locomotives. The Prussian State Railways ordered a diesel locomotive from the company in 1909. The world's first diesel-powered locomotive (a diesel-mechanical locomotive) was operated in the summer of 1912 on the

1656:

is much higher. A turbine of a given power output is also physically smaller than an equally powerful piston engine, allowing a locomotive to be very powerful without being inordinately large. However, a turbine's power output and efficiency both drop dramatically with

2292:

Mixed-traffic locomotives (US English: general purpose or road switcher locomotives) meant for both passenger and freight trains do not develop as much starting tractive effort as a freight locomotive but are able to haul heavier trains than a passenger locomotive.

1882:

DC was used on earlier systems. These systems were gradually replaced by AC. Today, almost all main-line railways use AC systems. DC systems are confined mostly to urban transit such as metro systems, light rail and trams, where power requirement is less.

1986:; installation on the Seebach-Wettingen line of the Swiss Federal Railways was completed in 1904. The 15 kV, 50 Hz 345 kW (460 hp), 48 tonne locomotives used transformers and rotary converters to power DC traction motors. 1028:

by a transmission. Typically they keep the engine running at a near-constant speed whether the locomotive is stationary or moving. Internal combustion locomotives are categorised by their fuel type and sub-categorised by their transmission type.

3256: 1817:

supplied through a third insulated rail between the tracks. A contact roller was used to collect the electricity. The world's first electric tram line opened in Lichterfelde near Berlin, Germany, in 1881. It was built by Werner von Siemens (see

1661:, unlike a piston engine, which has a comparatively flat power curve. This makes GTEL systems useful primarily for long-distance high-speed runs. Additional problems with gas turbine-electric locomotives included that they were very noisy. 2054:

could develop in the supply or return circuits, especially at rail joints, and allow dangerous current leakage into the ground. Battery locomotives in over-the-road service can recharge while absorbing dynamic-braking energy.

1959:, enabling electric locomotives to use three-phase motors whilst supplied via a single overhead wire, carrying the simple industrial frequency (50 Hz) single phase AC of the high voltage national networks. 1745:

tongue-shaped protuberance that engages a matching slot in the truck (bogie) bolster, its purpose being to act as a torque reaction device, as well as a support. Power transfer from motor to axle is effected by

3797: 817:

in England though no record of it working there has survived. On 21 February 1804, the first recorded steam-hauled railway journey took place as another of Trevithick's locomotives hauled a train from the

1703:. Both overhead wire and third-rail systems usually use the running rails as the return conductor but some systems use a separate fourth rail for this purpose. The type of electrical power used is either 3252: 748:

or stationary engines that drove cable systems. Few such systems are still in existence today. Locomotives may generate their power from fuel (wood, coal, petroleum or natural gas), or they may take

834:, it ran with mixed success. The design incorporated a number of important innovations including the use of high-pressure steam which reduced the weight of the engine and increased its efficiency. 1966:. Each 30-tonne locomotive had two 110 kW (150 hp) motors run by three-phase 750 V 40 Hz fed from double overhead lines. Three-phase motors run at constant speed and provide 1421:

electrical control system (subsequent improvements were also patented by Lemp). Lemp's design used a single lever to control both engine and generator in a coordinated fashion, and was the

1313:. In the early days of diesel propulsion development, various transmission systems were employed with varying degrees of success, with electric transmission proving to be the most popular. 774:

to generate the steam used by the engine. The water in the boiler is heated by burning combustible material – usually coal, wood, or oil – to produce steam. The steam moves reciprocating

3949: 3419: 1065:

as the fuel. They were the world's first internal combustion locomotives, preceding diesel and other oil locomotives by some years. The first known kerosene rail vehicle was a

3333: 1277:. This allows for smoother acceleration. It avoids the need for gear changes. However, it is more expensive, heavier, and sometimes bulkier than mechanical transmissions. 1406:

that drive the locomotive. There is no mechanical connection between the diesel engine and the wheels. The vast majority of diesel locomotives today are diesel-electric.

2042:) could cause a safety issue due to the risks of fire, explosion or fumes in a confined space. Battery locomotives are preferred for mines where gas could be ignited by 1875:(B&O) in 1895 connecting the main portion of the B&O to the new line to New York through a series of tunnels around the edges of Baltimore's downtown. Three 3783: 2445:– a locomotive operating without a train behind it, for relocation or operational reasons. Occasionally, a light engine is referred to as a train in and of itself. 913:. Steam locomotives are less efficient than modern diesel and electric locomotives, and a significantly larger workforce is required to operate and service them. 3139: 2341:

at another end of a train, which often have a cabin with the same design as a cabin of locomotive; examples of such trains with conventional locomotives are

1365:

in Switzerland, but was not a commercial success. Small numbers of prototype diesel locomotives were produced in a number of countries through the mid-1920s.

2089:. It hauled a load of six tons at four miles per hour (6 kilometers per hour) for a distance of one and a half miles (2.4 kilometres). It was tested on the 951: 931: 2127:, and the locomotives were retired shortly afterward. All four locomotives were donated to museums, but one was scrapped. The others can be seen at the 1978:, Switzerland. The first implementation of industrial frequency single-phase AC supply for locomotives came from Oerlikon in 1901, using the designs of 898:. This success led to the company emerging as the pre-eminent early builder of steam locomotives used on railways in the UK, US and much of Europe. The 4318: 2101: 1876: 1879:

units were initially used, at the south end of the electrified section; they coupled onto the locomotive and train and pulled it through the tunnels.

1833:

opened near Vienna in Austria. It was the first in the world in regular service powered from an overhead line. Five years later, in the U.S. electric

3445: 1975: 1970:, and are well suited to steeply graded routes, and the first main-line three-phase locomotives were supplied by Brown (by then in partnership with 1620:. It was completed in 1941, and then underwent testing before entering regular service. The Am 4/6 was the first gas turbine – electric locomotive. 1429:

control. In 1917–18, GE produced three experimental diesel–electric locomotives using Lemp's control design. In 1924, a diesel-electric locomotive (

1053: 2147: 1943:, were simpler to manufacture and maintain. However, they were much larger than the DC motors of the time and could not be mounted in underfloor 1254:

are petrol locomotives which use electric transmission to deliver the power output of the engine to the driving wheels. This avoids the need for

4174: 1780:

Electric locomotives usually cost 20% less than diesel locomotives, their maintenance costs are 25–35% lower, and cost up to 50% less to run.

1041:

as fuel. Between the late 1890's and 1900's, a number of commercial manufacturers for Benzene Locomotives had been operating. This began with

3041: 744:

Prior to locomotives, the motive force for railways had been generated by various lower-technology methods such as human power, horse power,

3895: 1765:, transmitted to the railway network and distributed to the trains. Some electric railways have their own dedicated generating stations and 2740: 1281: 3441: 3363: 4323: 4225: 3389: 989: 1687:

An electric locomotive is a locomotive powered only by electricity. Electricity is supplied to moving trains with a (nearly) continuous

1578:. ICE engines require a transmission to power the wheels. The engine must be allowed to continue to run when the locomotive is stopped. 3411: 3304: 2245:

There are many different types of hybrid or dual-mode locomotives using two or more types of motive power. The most common hybrids are

3988: 2987: 4048: 3709: 3946: 1441:

in Germany. It had 5 driving axles (1'E1'). After several test rides, it hauled trains for almost three decades from 1925 to 1954.

575: 567: 3337: 2774: 2307:

adapts the power output to the rails for freight or passenger service. Passenger locomotives may include other features, such as

1856:, prompted by a clause in its enabling act prohibiting use of steam power. It opened in 1890, using electric locomotives built by 2688: 3199: 752:

from an outside source of electricity. It is common to classify locomotives by their source of energy. The common ones include:

3071: 1741:, which is a shoe in contact with the third rail. Of the three, the pantograph method is best suited for high-speed operation. 621: 4020:

From Steam To Diesel: Managerial Customs and Organizational Capabilities in the Twentieth-Century American Locomotive Industry

3652: 1394:

Diesel–electric locomotives are diesel locomotives using electric transmission. The diesel engine drives either an electrical

4133: 4077: 4056: 4031: 3984: 3830: 3577: 3549: 2051: 571: 4347: 4104: 2960: 2899: 3731: 563: 3177: 2651:

Heilmann evaluated both AC and DC electric transmission for his locomotives, but eventually settled on a design based on

111: 3925: 3278: 2710:"Most Important and highly Valuable Sea-Sale Colliery, Near Newcastle-on-Tyne, to be sold by auction, by Mr. Burrell". 2322:, and feature extensive additional braking mechanisms and sometimes rack and pinion. Steam locomotives built for steep 1582: 1333: 1255: 1183: 83: 17: 860:; this is generally regarded as the first commercially successful locomotive. Another well-known early locomotive was 4098: 3766: 3480: 3136: 1830: 1469:, in combination with gears, with a mechanical final drive to convey the power from the diesel engine to the wheels. 1362: 899: 130: 4165: 2296:

locomotives intended for freight service generally have smaller diameter driving wheels than passenger locomotives.

2253:. These are used to provide continuous journeys along routes that are only partly electrified. Examples include the 1593: 4711: 2128: 1838: 1718: 1246: 888:

in the north-east of England, which was the first public steam railway in the world. In 1829, his son Robert built

885: 559: 31: 1128:. It was an 80 hp locomotive using a 3-cylinder vertical petrol engine, with a two speed mechanical gearbox. 90: 4666: 4621: 4506: 4367: 4218: 2439:– a locomotive temporarily assisting a train from the rear, due to a difficult start or a sharp incline gradient; 1788: 1430: 1402:(generally 3,000 horsepower (2,200 kW) net or more for traction), the output of which provides power to the 1378: 977: 4180: 1526:

have also been applied to rail use, for example 350 to 750 hp (260 to 560 kW) shunting locomotives by

3237: 3025: 2075: 1853: 1754: 1015: 411: 251: 68: 4382: 4185: 4387: 2631: 2090: 1904: 1326: 504: 1641:

powered about 10% of Union Pacific's freight trains, a much wider use than any other example of this class.

97: 4357: 4155: 1860:. Electricity quickly became the power supply of choice for subways, abetted by the Sprague's invention of 1259: 1104: 2104:, where in 1917 the underground haulage ways were widened to enable working by two battery locomotives of 1336:

to transfer power to the wheels. This type of transmission is generally limited to low-powered, low speed

2684: 2586: 1861: 1766: 359: 354: 64: 35: 4211: 4023: 2312: 2136: 2085:, with fixed electromagnets acting on iron bars attached to a wooden cylinder on each axle, and simple 2059: 1912: 1826: 1818: 1571: 1021: 862: 614: 406: 176: 79: 4611: 4441: 2576: 2501: 2495: 2269: 2246: 1932: 1737:, which is a hinged frame that holds the collecting shoes against the wire in a fixed geometry; or a 1714: 1438: 1426: 1389: 1089: 782:". Both fuel and water supplies are carried with the locomotive, either on the locomotive itself, in 771: 519: 514: 509: 371: 228: 30:

This article is about the rail transport vehicle. For the type of heavy-haulage traction engine, see

2093:

in September of the following year, but the limited power from batteries prevented its general use.

1096:

in 1896. The company built four kerosene locomotives between 1896 and 1903, for use at the Arsenal.

3359: 2581: 2474:

The wheel arrangement of a locomotive describes how many wheels it has; common methods include the

2027: 2022:

A battery-electric locomotive (or battery locomotive) is an electric locomotive powered by onboard

1908: 1527: 1179: 874:. This locomotive is the oldest preserved, and is on static display in the Science Museum, London. 534: 470: 266: 3045: 1738: 3899: 3412:"Electrification of U.S. Railways: Pie in the Sky, or Realistic Goal? | Article | EESI" 2805: 2744: 2616: 2120: 1560: 1489: 1321: 1226: 1152: 902:, built by Stephenson, opened a year later making exclusive use of steam power for passenger and 727: 539: 499: 421: 57: 3541: 4517: 4481: 4422: 3881: 3449: 3106: 2922: 2566: 2536: 2385: 2132: 2079: 1971: 1956: 1734: 1613: 1567: 1547: 1121: 903: 890: 846: 529: 426: 295: 233: 3385: 3317: 4596: 4496: 4417: 4313: 4198: 2475: 2124: 2086: 1940: 1653: 1497: 1357: 1093: 942: 607: 544: 3973: 4706: 4685: 4392: 2983: 1979: 1688: 1645: 1629: 1433:

original number Юэ 001/Yu-e 001) started operations. It had been designed by a team led by

1398:(generally, less than 3,000 horsepower (2,200 kW) net for traction), or an electrical 1195: 965: 549: 191: 4581: 3133:

Lemp, Hermann. US Patent No. 1,154,785, filed 8 April 1914, and issued 28 September 1915.

1951: 1927:

am Main West, a distance of 280 km. Using experience he had gained while working for

650:. If a locomotive is capable of carrying a payload, it is usually rather referred to as a 8: 4412: 4372: 3705: 2591: 2361: 2319: 2258: 2235: 2164: 1928: 1900: 1872: 1868: 1708: 1695:, suspended from poles or towers along the track or from structure or tunnel ceilings; a 1682: 1616:

ordered Am 4/6, a GTEL with a 1,620 kW (2,170 hp) of maximum engine power from

1556: 1523: 1473: 1462: 1377:

World's first useful diesel locomotive (a diesel-electric locomotive) for long distances

1337: 871: 842: 524: 322: 278: 194: 4645: 2231: 1829:

opened in 1883 in Brighton, and is the oldest surviving electric railway. Also in 1883,

1190:) to deliver the power output of the engine to the driving wheels, in the same way as a 104: 4571: 4362: 4295: 3534: 3017: 2872: 2606: 2551: 2479: 2175: 2003: 1983: 1967: 1809: 1670: 1625: 1621: 1601: 1395: 1081: 1077: 806: 739: 655: 482: 3735: 2896:"Diesel Locomotives. The Construction of and Performance Obtained from the Oil Engine" 2676: 4451: 4305: 4129: 4094: 4073: 4052: 4027: 3875: 3826: 3788: 3762: 3573: 3545: 3476: 3298: 3233: 3207: 3021: 2571: 2561: 2469: 2097: 2039: 1920: 1857: 1306: 1301: 1266: 1262: 875: 857: 152: 4175:

Locomotive cutaways and historical locomotives of several countries ordered by dates

3067: 2923:"New Motors on Railroads: Electric and Gasoline Cars Replacing the Steam Locomotive" 1530:(Belgium). Hydrostatic drives are also used in railway maintenance machines such as 1176: 909:

The steam locomotive remained by far the most common type of locomotive until after

4407: 4352: 4243: 3656: 3230:

Railway Maintenance Equipment: The Men and Machines That Keep the Railroads Running

2531: 2327: 2082: 2035: 2023: 2007: 1916: 1842: 1770: 1700: 1658: 1633: 1587: 1500:

twin-engined German designs to haul high-speed trains from the 1960s to 1990s (see

1466: 1414: 1070: 997: 919: 880: 761: 745: 597: 448: 349: 332: 179: 149: 4561: 2333:

Locomotives are also used on some high-speed trains. Some of them are operated in

1911:, Zürich. In 1891, Brown had demonstrated long-distance power transmission, using 1867:

The first use of electrification on a main line was on a four-mile stretch of the

186: 4655: 4556: 4194: 4169: 4088: 4067: 4042: 3953: 3820: 3143: 2952: 2895: 2611: 2601: 2456: 2452: 2420: 2334: 2288: 2281: 2214: 1963: 1822: 1531: 1517: 1513: 1509: 1505: 1501: 1481: 895: 854: 791: 749: 678: 667: 643: 401: 396: 381: 3922:"A Rogue's Gallery: The TTC's Subway Work Car Fleet – Transit Toronto – Content" 4650: 4640: 4601: 4541: 4536: 4501: 4397: 4377: 4328: 4125: 3793: 3169: 2766: 2483: 2436: 2430: 2384:

network never use locomotives. Instead of locomotive-like power-cars, they use

2308: 2300: 1936: 1805: 1704: 1609: 1477: 1454: 1434: 1418: 1403: 1274: 867: 838: 823: 714: 695: 639: 416: 290: 209: 171: 4466: 1998: 1962:

In 1896, Oerlikon installed the first commercial example of the system on the

1729:, which is a long flexible pole that engages the line with a wheel or shoe; a 4700: 4630: 4576: 4551: 4546: 4471: 4446: 3921: 2652: 2596: 2522: 2448: 2373: 2346: 2250: 2140: 2067: 1849: 1762: 1730: 1692: 1637: 1449: 1349: 1341: 1310: 1025: 831: 810: 799: 795: 779: 704: 671: 651: 465: 391: 386: 364: 313: 273: 261: 217: 3282: 1472:

The main worldwide user of main-line hydraulic transmission locomotives was

1073:

in 1887, but this was not technically a locomotive as it carried a payload.

4591: 4476: 4456: 2626: 2442: 2426: 2397: 2323: 2299:

In diesel-electric and electric locomotives the control system between the

2226: 2047: 2043: 2014: 1726: 1617: 1485: 1410: 1116:) as their fuel. The first commercially successful petrol locomotive was a 1085: 957: 938: 914: 910: 767: 592: 554: 344: 2415:

is the technical name for a locomotive attached to the front of a railway

4606: 4586: 4566: 4486: 4260: 4162: 2849: 2556: 2546: 2400:, use both non-passenger power cars and additional passenger motor cars. 2338: 2198: 1891: 1774: 1649: 1597: 1575: 1535: 1353: 1187: 783: 726:, which was first used in 1814 to distinguish between self-propelled and 285: 1773:. The railway usually provides its own distribution lines, switches and 1733:, which is a frame that holds a long collecting rod against the wire; a 1284:. It weighed 60 tons, generated 350 hp and drove through a pair of 1214: 1140: 4526: 4491: 4461: 4402: 4338: 4270: 4248: 3595:

Organ für die fortschritte des eisenbahnwesens in technischer beziehung

2727:

Life of Richard Trevithick: With an Account of His Inventions, Volume 1

2621: 2423:

operation, the train engine might be attached to the rear of the train;

2381: 1895:

A prototype of a Ganz AC electric locomotive in Valtellina, Italy, 1901

1696: 1605: 1399: 819: 814: 787: 460: 455: 300: 3784:"EMD Joule Battery Electric Locomotive arrives in Southern California" 1282:

Minneapolis, St. Paul, Rochester and Dubuque Electric Traction Company

666:; the use of these self-propelled vehicles is increasingly common for 4675: 4285: 4280: 4265: 4252: 4093:. World Railways Series, Vol 1. Stamford, Lincs, UK: Key Publishing. 2377: 2273: 2206: 1924: 1761:

Electricity is typically generated in large and relatively efficient

1422: 1280:

A notable early petrol-electric locomotive was built in 1913 for the

827: 663: 256: 160: 4203: 1373: 145: 46: 4680: 4275: 3323:, July 1949, cutaway drawing of development by GE for Union Pacific 2770: 2541: 2393: 2287:

Freight locomotives are normally designed to deliver high starting

2194: 2063: 1796: 1552: 1348:. The earliest diesel locomotives were diesel-mechanical. In 1906, 1113: 1066: 1062: 1042: 851: 805:

The first full-scale working railway steam locomotive was built by

778:

which are connected to the locomotive's main wheels, known as the "

766:

A steam locomotive is a locomotive whose primary power source is a

581: 156: 1691:

running along the track that usually takes one of three forms: an

677:

Traditionally, locomotives pulled trains from the front. However,

4635: 4531: 3386:"Wood-Gas Vehicles | PDF | Gasification | Engines" 2389: 2342: 2277: 2254: 2188: 2058:

The first known electric locomotive was built in 1837 by chemist

1345: 1038: 1037:

Benzene locomotives have an internal combustion engines that use

969: 961: 659: 2429:– a locomotive attached in front of the train engine, to enable 2311:(also referred to as hotel power or electric train supply) or a 2249:

powered either from an electricity supply or else by an onboard

1746: 1492:: initially licence-built versions of German designs. In Spain, 4290: 4150: 2505:

locomotive is loaded or unloaded in about a third of the time.

2239: 2217:

finally is another example of a fuel cell-electric locomotive.

2210: 2202: 1813: 1750: 1270: 1125: 775: 477: 164: 2419:

to haul that train. Alternatively, where facilities exist for

894:

in Newcastle upon Tyne. Rocket was entered into, and won, the

4432: 3536:

Made in Hungary: Hungarian Contributions to Universal Culture

2416: 2369: 2365: 2357: 1944: 1808:

systems. The first electric passenger train was presented by

1493: 1289: 1285: 647: 376: 339: 2330:, so that the boiler remains roughly level on steep grades. 2070:(batteries). Davidson later built a larger locomotive named 3850:. Vol. 2. London: Frederick Warne and Co. p. 156. 2833: 2408:

Locomotives occasionally work in a specific role, such as:

2304: 2197:(fuel cell) -powered mining locomotive was demonstrated in 2139:

previously operated a battery electric locomotive built by

1834: 1488:

introduced a number of diesel hydraulic designs during its

1382: 770:. The most common form of steam locomotive also contains a 443: 4197:

monthly, February 1919, page 72, Scanned by Google Books:

2516: 2018:

A narrow gauge battery-electric locomotive used for mining

1931:

on steam-electric locomotive designs, Brown observed that

1461:

Diesel–hydraulic locomotives are diesel locomotives using

1112:

Petrol locomotives (US: gasoline locomotives) use petrol (

2353: 1199: 1191: 3683: 1947:: they could only be carried within locomotive bodies. 1792:

Werner von Siemens experimental DC electric train, 1879

1669:

Some locomotives, usually in France and Italy ran on a

1417:

electrical engineer, developed and patented a reliable

1273:, and then powering the wheels by multi-speed electric 1194:. The second petrol-mechanical locomotive was built by 3880:. Washington, DC: Government Printing Office. p. 3609:

Elektrotechnische Zeitschrift: Beihefte, Volumes 11–23

3501: 3115: 2836:

Developments and Changes in Science Based Technologies

2123:(Edison) technology. The batteries were replaced with 1648:. There are few moving parts, decreasing the need for 1202:

in January 1903 for the Richmond Main Sewerage Board.

722:'causing motion', and is a shortened form of the term 2741:"Richard Trevithick's steam locomotive | Rhagor" 1559:, a gas turbine-electric locomotive preserved at the 3846:

Gordon, William (1910). "The Underground Electric".

3822:

Biographical dictionary of the history of technology

3819:

Day, Lance; McNeil, Ian (1966). "Davidson, Robert".

3671: 3629: 3513: 3086: 3014:

The British Internal Combustion Locomotive 1894–1940

2512: 1652:

and potentially reducing maintenance costs, and the

1457:

diesel-hydraulic locomotive at Technikmuseum, Berlin

3650: 2318:Some locomotives are designed specifically to work 1721:

was equipped with both pantograph and contact shoes

71:. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed. 3533: 2724: 2326:frequently have the boiler tilted relative to the 2078:Exhibition in 1841. The seven-ton vehicle had two 3567: 1624:was built by Brown Boveri and delivered in 1949. 4698: 3761:. Rotterdam, Netherlands: Balkema. p. 435. 3700: 3698: 3646: 3644: 4090:International Passenger Locomotives: Since 1985 3531: 1632:and delivered in 1951. A third locomotive, the 1076:A kerosene locomotive was built in 1894 by the 2866: 2823:(reprint ed.). Lewes, UK: The Book Guild. 1171:The most common type of petrol locomotive are 4219: 4191:Turning a Locomotive into a Stationary Engine 4066:Ellis, Cuthbert Hamilton (12 December 1988). 3695: 3641: 3570:Hungarian Contributions to World Civilization 3044:. Time.com. 28 September 1925. Archived from 2793: 2489: 1356:and the steam and diesel engine manufacturer 1325:An early Diesel-mechanical locomotive at the 615: 3592: 3470: 2500:In the second half of the twentieth century 2268:There are three main uses of locomotives in 1644:A gas turbine offers some advantages over a 1465:. In this arrangement, they use one or more 3011: 2945: 2352:Also many high-speed trains, including all 1608:which produced electric current powers the 1124:in 1902, for the Deptford Cattle Market in 717: 708: 698: 4226: 4212: 3854: 2920: 2860: 2205:. In 2007 the educational mini-hydrail in 1800:Baltimore & Ohio electric engine, 1895 622: 608: 4119: 3972:Hata, Hiroshi (1998). Wako, Kanji (ed.). 3818: 3475:. Harrow: Capital Transport. p. 36. 3156: 2812: 2193:In 2002, the first 3.6 tonne, 17 kW 1581:Gas turbine-mechanical locomotives use a 131:Learn how and when to remove this message 4017: 3121: 3104: 2834:P. Mathur; K. Mathur; S. Mathur (2014). 2230: 2013: 1997: 1939:motors and, because of the absence of a 1935:had a higher power-to-weight ratio than 1890: 1795: 1787: 1713: 1551: 1448: 1390:Diesel locomotive § Diesel–electric 1372: 1320: 1103: 1052: 185: 170: 144: 4086: 3967: 3965: 3757:Strakoš, Vladimír; et al. (1997). 3756: 3227: 3007: 3005: 2927:The World's Work: A History of Our Time 2802:Oxford Dictionary of National Biography 1020:Internal combustion locomotives use an 1001:at Darlington Railway Centre and Museum 794:") or pulled behind the locomotive, in 155:in Australia showing three body types, 14: 4699: 3974:"What Drives Electric Multiple Units?" 3947:"Atomic Locomotive Produces 7000 h.p." 3896:"List of Kennecott Copper locomotives" 3873: 3845: 3781: 3303:: CS1 maint: archived copy as title ( 3135:Accessed via Google Patent Search at: 2869:The Pictorial Encyclopedia of Railways 2799: 2174:In the early 1950s, Lyle Borst of the 2146:London Underground regularly operates 1886: 1699:mounted at track level; or an onboard 1664: 1117: 1009: 4233: 4207: 4065: 4040: 3985:East Japan Railway Culture Foundation 3759:Mine Planning and Equipment Selection 3689: 3677: 3635: 3519: 3507: 3092: 2818: 2220: 2182: 3994:from the original on 10 October 2022 3981:Japan Railway & Transport Review 3971: 3962: 3150: 3002: 2990:from the original on 1 December 2020 2921:Meiklejohn, Bernard (January 1906). 2848: 2838:. Partridge Publishing. p. 139. 2821:Timothy Hackworth and the Locomotive 2463: 1903:electric locomotive was designed by 1725:Various collection methods exist: a 1612:which drive the wheels. In 1939 the 1332:A diesel–mechanical locomotive uses 1316: 1209: 1135: 1131: 809:in 1802. It was constructed for the 69:adding citations to reliable sources 40: 3068:"Direct drive gasoline locomotives" 2981: 2963:from the original on 3 October 2020 2902:from the original on 3 October 2020 2743:. Museumwales.ac.uk. Archived from 2403: 1993: 1444: 1108:The 1902 Maudslay Petrol Locomotive 798:, (this arrangement is known as a " 790:, (this arrangement is known as a " 24: 4107:from the original on 15 April 2023 4069:Pictorial Encyclopedia of Railways 3928:from the original on 27 April 2021 3800:from the original on 28 April 2023 3572:. Alpha Publications. p. 67. 3540:. Simon Publications LLC. p. 3442:"Richmond Union Passenger Railway" 3366:from the original on 14 March 2023 3259:from the original on 12 April 2022 3232:, Voyager Press, pp. 78, 96, 3180:from the original on 30 April 2021 2169: 2050:at the collection shoes, or where 2010:used for hauling engineers' trains 1368: 1205: 900:Liverpool & Manchester Railway 733: 25: 4723: 4144: 4122:The Second Diesel Spotter's Guide 4072:. Random House Value Publishing. 3712:from the original on 3 March 2016 3623:L'Eclairage électrique, Volume 48 3498:, Sagle, Lawrence, Alvin Stauffer 3392:from the original on 28 July 2023 3108:Electricity in the Service of Man 3074:from the original on 9 March 2021 1783: 886:Stockton & Darlington Railway 4149: 3611:. VDE Verlag. 1904. p. 163. 3422:from the original on 27 May 2021 3170:"The first russian diesel locos" 2777:from the original on 3 June 2020 2767:"Steam train anniversary begins" 2691:from the original on 2 July 2017 2515: 2360:(250 / 350 / Avril / XXI), some 2129:Boone and Scenic Valley Railroad 1839:Richmond Union Passenger Railway 1769:but most purchase power from an 1594:Gas turbine-electric locomotives 1338:shunting (switching) locomotives 1213: 1139: 988: 976: 960:steam locomotive in the town of 950: 930: 591: 216: 45: 4507:Schwartzkopff-Eckhardt II bogie 4186:International Steam Locomotives 4010: 3940: 3914: 3888: 3867: 3839: 3812: 3782:Lustig, David (21 April 2023). 3775: 3750: 3724: 3615: 3601: 3586: 3561: 3525: 3489: 3464: 3434: 3404: 3378: 3352: 3326: 3311: 3271: 3253:"Espacenet – Original document" 3245: 3221: 3192: 3162: 3127: 3105:Walmsley, R. Mullineux (1921). 3098: 3060: 3034: 2975: 2914: 2888: 2879: 2645: 2238:at the Innotrans convention in 2006:battery-electric locomotive at 1854:City & South London Railway 1186:(sometimes in conjunction with 830:in South Wales. Accompanied by 56:needs additional citations for 3874:Martin, George Curtis (1919). 2842: 2827: 2759: 2733: 2718: 2714:. 12 February 1814. p. 2. 2703: 2669: 2153: 2150:for general maintenance work. 2135:in Rio Vista, California. The 2076:Royal Scottish Society of Arts 1848:The first electrically worked 1841:, using equipment designed by 1837:were pioneered in 1888 on the 1541: 1016:Internal combustion locomotive 27:Self-propelled railway vehicle 13: 1: 4163:An engineer's guide from 1891 3471:Badsey-Ellis, Antony (2005). 2957:mikes.railhistory.railfan.net 2662: 2607:Regenerative (dynamic) brakes 2143:in 1968 and retired in 2009. 2091:Edinburgh and Glasgow Railway 1753:on the motor shaft engages a 1476:, with designs including the 1363:Winterthur–Romanshorn railway 1327:North Alabama Railroad Museum 1173:petrol-mechanical locomotives 407:Passenger traffic terminology 4120:Pinkepank, Jerry A. (1973). 4018:Churella, Albert J. (1998). 2148:battery-electric locomotives 1974:) in 1899 on the 40 km 1950:In 1894, Hungarian engineer 1831:Mödling and Hinterbrühl Tram 1247:Petrol–electric transmission 1118:petrol-mechanical locomotive 983:Trevithick's 1802 locomotive 870:for the Wylam Colliery near 866:, built 1813–14 by engineer 685: 7: 4044:Electric Railways 1880–1990 3877:Mineral resources of Alaska 2725:Francis Trevithick (1872). 2685:Online Etymology Dictionary 2587:List of locomotive builders 2508: 2158: 2096:Another example was at the 1862:multiple-unit train control 1719:Southern Railway (UK) 20002 1676: 1636:, was constructed in 1961. 1574:locomotive consisting of a 1252:Petrol-electric locomotives 1048: 36:Locomotive (disambiguation) 10: 4728: 4041:Duffy, Michael C. (2003). 4024:Princeton University Press 3653:"Kálmán Kandó (1869–1931)" 3568:Francis S. Wagner (1977). 3473:London's Lost Tube Schemes 2632:World's largest locomotive 2502:remote control locomotives 2493: 2490:Remote control locomotives 2467: 2247:electro-diesel locomotives 2224: 2186: 2162: 2137:Toronto Transit Commission 1819:Gross-Lichterfelde Tramway 1804:The earliest systems were 1680: 1572:internal combustion engine 1545: 1427:diesel–electric locomotive 1387: 1299: 1244: 1090:Richard Hornsby & Sons 1032: 1022:internal combustion engine 1013: 759: 737: 642:vehicle that provides the 177:Victorian Railways R class 29: 4664: 4620: 4515: 4442:AAR type A switcher truck 4431: 4337: 4304: 4242: 3655:. mszh.hu. Archived from 3651:Hungarian Patent Office. 3070:. Yardlimit.railfan.net. 2854:Encyclopedia of Railroads 2577:Headstock (rolling stock) 2496:Remote control locomotive 2270:rail transport operations 1524:Hydrostatic drive systems 1439:Maschinenfabrik Esslingen 1295: 1099: 1061:Kerosene locomotives use 1057:The 1887 Daimler draisine 520:List of high-speed trains 4124:. Milwaukee, Wisconsin: 3532:Andrew L. Simon (1998). 3334:"Rails and Gas Turbines" 3318:"Gas Turbine Locomotive" 3142:22 December 2012 at the 2788:iron master's tram rails 2638: 2324:rack and pinion railways 2284:(UK English: shunting). 2066:, and it was powered by 2028:battery electric vehicle 1588:Kharkov Locomotive Works 1094:Woolwich Arsenal Railway 755: 728:stationary steam engines 4712:19th-century inventions 3952:6 November 2023 at the 3228:Solomon, Brian (2001), 2873:Hamlyn Publishing Group 2867:Hamilton Ellis (1968). 2819:Young, Robert (2000) . 2806:Oxford University Press 2800:Payton, Philip (2004). 2617:Rail vehicle resistance 2451:– a locomotive used to 2386:electric multiple units 2213:went into service. The 1827:Volk's Electric Railway 1583:mechanical transmission 1561:Illinois Railway Museum 1490:1955 Modernisation Plan 1437:and built 1923–1924 by 1400:AC alternator-rectifier 1334:mechanical transmission 422:Railway nationalization 4482:Krauss-Helmholtz bogie 4087:Flowers, Andy (2020). 3556:Evian-les-Bains kando. 3200:"Shunting locomotives" 3042:"Gasoline locomotives" 2567:Electric multiple unit 2537:Articulated locomotive 2455:passenger trains at a 2263: 2242: 2133:Western Railway Museum 2019: 2011: 1957:rotary phase converter 1896: 1801: 1793: 1722: 1614:Swiss Federal Railways 1568:gas turbine locomotive 1563: 1548:Gas turbine locomotive 1463:hydraulic transmission 1458: 1385: 1329: 1122:Maudslay Motor Company 1109: 1058: 718: 709: 699: 530:Longest train services 412:Named passenger trains 198: 183: 168: 34:. For other uses, see 4497:Radial steering truck 4314:AAR wheel arrangement 4158:at Wikimedia Commons 3825:. London: Routledge. 3593:C.W. Kreidel (1904). 3111:. pp. 1628–1631. 2476:AAR wheel arrangement 2234: 2098:Kennecott Copper Mine 2052:electrical resistance 2017: 2001: 1894: 1799: 1791: 1717: 1654:power-to-weight ratio 1555: 1498:power-to-weight ratio 1452: 1376: 1324: 1107: 1056: 943:Severn Valley Railway 682:from the lead unit. 545:Platform screen doors 189: 174: 148: 4324:Swiss classification 4179:Pickzone Locomotive 3959:, April 1954, p. 86. 3625:. 1906. p. 554. 3210:on 30 September 2016 3137:US Patent #1,154,785 3012:Webb, Brian (1973). 2984:"Daimler Motorwagen" 2953:"DIESEL LOCOMOTIVES" 2773:. 21 February 2004. 2320:steep grade railways 1980:Hans Behn-Eschenburg 1968:regenerative braking 1917:hydro-electric plant 1899:The first practical 1873:Baltimore & Ohio 1630:Metropolitan-Vickers 1602:electrical generator 966:Central Ostrobothnia 694:originates from the 598:Transport portal 550:Railway speed record 192:China Railways HXD1D 65:improve this article 4168:2 June 2021 at the 4126:Kalmbach Publishing 3864:, De Agostini, 2003 3446:IEEE History Center 3360:"Wood-Gas Vehicles" 3146:on 8 February 2007. 3048:on 18 November 2011 3018:David & Charles 2592:List of locomotives 2362:Korea Train Express 2335:push-pull formation 2259:Bombardier ALP-45DP 2236:Bombardier ALP-45DP 2165:Fireless locomotive 2131:, Iowa, and at the 2125:lead-acid batteries 2121:Nickel–iron battery 2074:, exhibited at the 1907:, then working for 1887:Alternating current 1869:Baltimore Belt Line 1763:generating stations 1709:alternating current 1683:Electric locomotive 1665:Wood Gas Generation 1474:Deutsche Bundesbahn 1344:and self-propelled 1265:of the engine into 1024:, connected to the 1010:Internal combustion 872:Newcastle upon Tyne 525:List of train songs 402:High-speed railways 355:Couplers by country 204:Part of a series on 195:electric locomotive 4572:Klien-Lindner axle 4319:UIC classification 4296:Dual Control Stand 3692:, p. 120–121. 3452:on 1 December 2008 3285:on 2 December 2017 3159:, pp. 139–141 2729:. E.&F.N.Spon. 2597:Locomotives in art 2480:UIC classification 2243: 2221:Hybrid locomotives 2183:Fuel cell-electric 2176:University of Utah 2020: 2012: 2004:London Underground 1984:Emil Huber-Stockar 1976:Burgdorf—Thun line 1933:three-phase motors 1897: 1858:Mather & Platt 1823:Berlin Straßenbahn 1810:Werner von Siemens 1802: 1794: 1767:transmission lines 1723: 1671:Wood gas generator 1626:British Rail 18100 1622:British Rail 18000 1564: 1459: 1386: 1330: 1307:Diesel locomotives 1258:by converting the 1225:. You can help by 1151:. You can help by 1110: 1082:Kingston upon Hull 1078:Priestman Brothers 1059: 807:Richard Trevithick 740:Class (locomotive) 360:Coupler conversion 199: 184: 169: 153:diesel locomotives 18:Railway locomotive 4694: 4693: 4597:Road–rail vehicle 4582:Luttermöller axle 4452:Articulated bogie 4306:Wheel arrangement 4154:Media related to 4135:978-0-89024-026-7 4079:978-0-517-01305-2 4058:978-0-85296-805-5 4033:978-0-691-02776-0 3957:Popular Mechanics 3860:Renzo Pocaterra, 3848:Our Home Railways 3832:978-0-415-06042-4 3659:on 8 October 2010 3579:978-0-912404-04-2 3551:978-0-9665734-2-8 3510:, pp. 39–41. 3321:Popular Mechanics 2982:Winkler, Thomas. 2875:. pp. 24–30. 2572:Headboard (train) 2562:Duplex locomotive 2470:Wheel arrangement 2464:Wheel arrangement 2404:Operational role 2083:reluctance motors 1921:Lauffen am Neckar 1502:Renfe Classes 340 1467:torque converters 1317:Diesel-mechanical 1302:Diesel locomotive 1267:electrical energy 1243: 1242: 1169: 1168: 1132:Petrol-mechanical 1092:and delivered to 920:heritage railways 876:George Stephenson 858:Middleton Railway 850:first ran on the 841:'s twin-cylinder 800:tender locomotive 724:locomotive engine 713:'place', and the 632: 631: 350:Railway couplings 333:Steam locomotives 141: 140: 133: 115: 16:(Redirected from 4719: 4467:Cleminson system 4228: 4221: 4214: 4205: 4204: 4153: 4139: 4116: 4114: 4112: 4083: 4062: 4037: 4004: 4003: 4001: 3999: 3993: 3983:. Tokyo, Japan: 3978: 3969: 3960: 3944: 3938: 3937: 3935: 3933: 3918: 3912: 3911: 3909: 3907: 3898:. Archived from 3892: 3886: 3885: 3871: 3865: 3858: 3852: 3851: 3843: 3837: 3836: 3816: 3810: 3809: 3807: 3805: 3779: 3773: 3772: 3754: 3748: 3747: 3745: 3743: 3734:. Archived from 3728: 3722: 3721: 3719: 3717: 3702: 3693: 3687: 3681: 3675: 3669: 3668: 3666: 3664: 3648: 3639: 3633: 3627: 3626: 3619: 3613: 3612: 3605: 3599: 3598: 3590: 3584: 3583: 3565: 3559: 3558: 3539: 3529: 3523: 3517: 3511: 3505: 3499: 3493: 3487: 3486: 3468: 3462: 3461: 3459: 3457: 3448:. Archived from 3438: 3432: 3431: 3429: 3427: 3408: 3402: 3401: 3399: 3397: 3382: 3376: 3375: 3373: 3371: 3356: 3350: 3349: 3347: 3345: 3340:on 22 April 2016 3336:. Archived from 3330: 3324: 3315: 3309: 3308: 3302: 3294: 3292: 3290: 3281:. Archived from 3275: 3269: 3268: 3266: 3264: 3249: 3243: 3242: 3225: 3219: 3218: 3217: 3215: 3206:, archived from 3196: 3190: 3189: 3187: 3185: 3174:izmerov.narod.ru 3166: 3160: 3154: 3148: 3131: 3125: 3119: 3113: 3112: 3102: 3096: 3090: 3084: 3083: 3081: 3079: 3064: 3058: 3057: 3055: 3053: 3038: 3032: 3031: 3009: 3000: 2999: 2997: 2995: 2979: 2973: 2972: 2970: 2968: 2949: 2943: 2942: 2940: 2938: 2918: 2912: 2911: 2909: 2907: 2892: 2886: 2883: 2877: 2876: 2864: 2858: 2857: 2856:. Galahad Books. 2846: 2840: 2839: 2831: 2825: 2824: 2816: 2810: 2809: 2797: 2791: 2790: 2784: 2782: 2763: 2757: 2756: 2754: 2752: 2747:on 15 April 2011 2737: 2731: 2730: 2722: 2716: 2715: 2707: 2701: 2700: 2698: 2696: 2673: 2656: 2649: 2582:Kryšpín's system 2525: 2520: 2519: 2376:, use dedicated 2328:locomotive frame 2280:trains, and for 2117: 2116: 2112: 2109: 2102:Latouche, Alaska 2008:West Ham station 1994:Battery-electric 1843:Frank J. Sprague 1771:electric utility 1659:rotational speed 1634:British Rail GT3 1557:Union Pacific 18 1445:Diesel-hydraulic 1415:General Electric 1263:mechanical force 1238: 1235: 1217: 1210: 1164: 1161: 1143: 1136: 1071:Gottlieb Daimler 998:Locomotion No. 1 992: 980: 954: 934: 881:Locomotion No. 1 762:Steam locomotive 721: 712: 703:'from a place', 702: 668:passenger trains 624: 617: 610: 596: 595: 296:Gauge conversion 220: 201: 200: 180:steam locomotive 150:Pacific National 136: 129: 125: 122: 116: 114: 73: 49: 41: 21: 4727: 4726: 4722: 4721: 4720: 4718: 4717: 4716: 4697: 4696: 4695: 4690: 4660: 4616: 4557:Equalising beam 4511: 4427: 4333: 4300: 4247: 4238: 4232: 4199:Popular Science 4195:Popular Science 4170:Wayback Machine 4147: 4142: 4136: 4110: 4108: 4101: 4080: 4059: 4034: 4013: 4008: 4007: 3997: 3995: 3991: 3976: 3970: 3963: 3954:Wayback Machine 3945: 3941: 3931: 3929: 3920: 3919: 3915: 3905: 3903: 3902:on 6 March 2012 3894: 3893: 3889: 3872: 3868: 3859: 3855: 3844: 3840: 3833: 3817: 3813: 3803: 3801: 3780: 3776: 3769: 3755: 3751: 3741: 3739: 3738:on 12 July 2012 3730: 3729: 3725: 3715: 3713: 3704: 3703: 3696: 3688: 3684: 3676: 3672: 3662: 3660: 3649: 3642: 3634: 3630: 3621: 3620: 3616: 3607: 3606: 3602: 3591: 3587: 3580: 3566: 3562: 3552: 3530: 3526: 3518: 3514: 3506: 3502: 3494: 3490: 3483: 3469: 3465: 3455: 3453: 3440: 3439: 3435: 3425: 3423: 3410: 3409: 3405: 3395: 3393: 3384: 3383: 3379: 3369: 3367: 3358: 3357: 3353: 3343: 3341: 3332: 3331: 3327: 3316: 3312: 3296: 3295: 3288: 3286: 3279:"Archived copy" 3277: 3276: 3272: 3262: 3260: 3251: 3250: 3246: 3240: 3226: 3222: 3213: 3211: 3198: 3197: 3193: 3183: 3181: 3168: 3167: 3163: 3155: 3151: 3144:Wayback Machine 3132: 3128: 3120: 3116: 3103: 3099: 3091: 3087: 3077: 3075: 3066: 3065: 3061: 3051: 3049: 3040: 3039: 3035: 3028: 3010: 3003: 2993: 2991: 2980: 2976: 2966: 2964: 2951: 2950: 2946: 2936: 2934: 2919: 2915: 2905: 2903: 2894: 2893: 2889: 2884: 2880: 2865: 2861: 2847: 2843: 2832: 2828: 2817: 2813: 2798: 2794: 2780: 2778: 2765: 2764: 2760: 2750: 2748: 2739: 2738: 2734: 2723: 2719: 2709: 2708: 2704: 2694: 2692: 2675: 2674: 2670: 2665: 2660: 2659: 2650: 2646: 2641: 2636: 2612:Traction engine 2552:Builder's plate 2521: 2514: 2511: 2498: 2492: 2472: 2466: 2457:railway station 2406: 2313:steam generator 2301:traction motors 2289:tractive effort 2266: 2229: 2223: 2215:Railpower GG20B 2191: 2185: 2172: 2170:Atomic-electric 2167: 2161: 2156: 2114: 2110: 2107: 2105: 2060:Robert Davidson 2044:trolley-powered 1996: 1889: 1786: 1685: 1679: 1667: 1550: 1544: 1482:DB V 160 family 1447: 1404:traction motors 1392: 1371: 1369:Diesel-electric 1358:Gebrüder Sulzer 1319: 1309:are powered by 1304: 1298: 1275:traction motors 1249: 1239: 1233: 1230: 1223:needs expansion 1208: 1206:Petrol-electric 1182:in the form of 1165: 1159: 1156: 1149:needs expansion 1134: 1102: 1051: 1035: 1018: 1012: 1007: 1006: 1005: 1002: 993: 984: 981: 972: 955: 946: 935: 896:Rainhill Trials 855:rack-and-pinion 843:rack locomotive 792:tank locomotive 764: 758: 742: 736: 734:Classifications 688: 670:, but rare for 628: 590: 487: 436:Special systems 431: 397:Inter-city rail 382:Passenger train 307: 262:Railway station 239: 238: 137: 126: 120: 117: 74: 72: 62: 50: 39: 32:Road locomotive 28: 23: 22: 15: 12: 11: 5: 4725: 4715: 4714: 4709: 4692: 4691: 4689: 4688: 4683: 4678: 4672: 4670: 4667:exhaust system 4662: 4661: 4659: 4658: 4653: 4648: 4643: 4638: 4633: 4627: 4625: 4622:Exhaust system 4618: 4617: 4615: 4614: 4609: 4604: 4602:Trailing wheel 4599: 4594: 4589: 4584: 4579: 4574: 4569: 4564: 4559: 4554: 4549: 4544: 4542:Carrying wheel 4539: 4537:Beugniot lever 4534: 4529: 4523: 4521: 4513: 4512: 4510: 4509: 4504: 4502:Scheffel bogie 4499: 4494: 4489: 4484: 4479: 4474: 4469: 4464: 4459: 4454: 4449: 4444: 4438: 4436: 4429: 4428: 4426: 4425: 4420: 4415: 4410: 4405: 4400: 4395: 4390: 4385: 4380: 4375: 4370: 4365: 4360: 4355: 4350: 4344: 4342: 4335: 4334: 4332: 4331: 4329:Whyte notation 4326: 4321: 4316: 4310: 4308: 4302: 4301: 4299: 4298: 4293: 4288: 4283: 4278: 4273: 4268: 4263: 4257: 4255: 4240: 4239: 4231: 4230: 4223: 4216: 4208: 4202: 4201: 4188: 4183: 4177: 4172: 4146: 4145:External links 4143: 4141: 4140: 4134: 4117: 4099: 4084: 4078: 4063: 4057: 4038: 4032: 4014: 4012: 4009: 4006: 4005: 3961: 3939: 3913: 3887: 3866: 3853: 3838: 3831: 3811: 3794:Kalmbach Media 3774: 3767: 3749: 3732:"Kalman Kando" 3723: 3706:"Kalman Kando" 3694: 3682: 3680:, p. 124. 3670: 3640: 3638:, p. 137. 3628: 3614: 3600: 3597:. p. 315. 3585: 3578: 3560: 3550: 3524: 3522:, p. 129. 3512: 3500: 3488: 3481: 3463: 3433: 3403: 3377: 3351: 3325: 3310: 3270: 3244: 3238: 3220: 3191: 3161: 3157:Pinkepank 1973 3149: 3126: 3114: 3097: 3095:, p. 157. 3085: 3059: 3033: 3026: 3001: 2974: 2944: 2913: 2887: 2878: 2859: 2841: 2826: 2811: 2792: 2758: 2732: 2717: 2702: 2667: 2666: 2664: 2661: 2658: 2657: 2643: 2642: 2640: 2637: 2635: 2634: 2629: 2624: 2619: 2614: 2609: 2604: 2602:Railway brakes 2599: 2594: 2589: 2584: 2579: 2574: 2569: 2564: 2559: 2554: 2549: 2544: 2539: 2534: 2528: 2527: 2526: 2510: 2507: 2494:Main article: 2491: 2488: 2484:Whyte notation 2468:Main article: 2465: 2462: 2461: 2460: 2446: 2440: 2437:Banking engine 2434: 2431:double-heading 2424: 2405: 2402: 2309:head-end power 2272:: for hauling 2265: 2262: 2225:Main article: 2222: 2219: 2187:Main article: 2184: 2181: 2171: 2168: 2163:Main article: 2160: 2157: 2155: 2152: 2068:galvanic cells 2040:diesel-powered 1995: 1992: 1964:Lugano Tramway 1913:three-phase AC 1888: 1885: 1785: 1784:Direct current 1782: 1705:direct current 1681:Main article: 1678: 1675: 1666: 1663: 1610:traction motor 1546:Main article: 1543: 1540: 1478:DB Class V 200 1455:DB Class V 200 1446: 1443: 1435:Yury Lomonosov 1419:direct current 1388:Main article: 1370: 1367: 1342:multiple units 1340:, lightweight 1318: 1315: 1311:diesel engines 1300:Main article: 1297: 1294: 1245:Main article: 1241: 1240: 1220: 1218: 1207: 1204: 1167: 1166: 1146: 1144: 1133: 1130: 1101: 1098: 1050: 1047: 1034: 1031: 1026:driving wheels 1014:Main article: 1011: 1008: 1004: 1003: 994: 987: 985: 982: 975: 973: 956: 949: 947: 936: 929: 926: 925: 924: 868:William Hedley 839:Matthew Murray 824:Merthyr Tydfil 822:ironworks, in 780:driving wheels 760:Main article: 757: 754: 735: 732: 715:Medieval Latin 687: 684: 672:freight trains 640:rail transport 630: 629: 627: 626: 619: 612: 604: 601: 600: 587: 586: 585: 584: 579: 557: 552: 547: 542: 537: 532: 527: 522: 517: 512: 507: 502: 494: 493: 489: 488: 486: 485: 480: 475: 474: 473: 463: 458: 453: 452: 451: 438: 437: 433: 432: 430: 429: 424: 419: 417:Rail subsidies 414: 409: 404: 399: 394: 389: 384: 379: 374: 369: 368: 367: 362: 357: 347: 342: 337: 336: 335: 325: 317: 316: 309: 308: 306: 305: 304: 303: 298: 293: 291:Variable gauge 283: 282: 281: 271: 270: 269: 259: 254: 246: 245: 244:Infrastructure 241: 240: 237: 236: 231: 225: 222: 221: 213: 212: 210:Rail transport 206: 205: 139: 138: 53: 51: 44: 26: 9: 6: 4: 3: 2: 4724: 4713: 4710: 4708: 4705: 4704: 4702: 4687: 4684: 4682: 4679: 4677: 4674: 4673: 4671: 4668: 4663: 4657: 4654: 4652: 4649: 4647: 4644: 4642: 4639: 4637: 4634: 4632: 4629: 4628: 4626: 4623: 4619: 4613: 4610: 4608: 4605: 4603: 4600: 4598: 4595: 4593: 4590: 4588: 4585: 4583: 4580: 4578: 4577:Leading wheel 4575: 4573: 4570: 4568: 4565: 4563: 4562:Gölsdorf axle 4560: 4558: 4555: 4553: 4552:Driving wheel 4550: 4548: 4547:Coupled wheel 4545: 4543: 4540: 4538: 4535: 4533: 4530: 4528: 4525: 4524: 4522: 4519: 4514: 4508: 4505: 4503: 4500: 4498: 4495: 4493: 4490: 4488: 4485: 4483: 4480: 4478: 4475: 4473: 4472:Grovers bogie 4470: 4468: 4465: 4463: 4460: 4458: 4455: 4453: 4450: 4448: 4447:Arnoux system 4445: 4443: 4440: 4439: 4437: 4434: 4430: 4424: 4421: 4419: 4416: 4414: 4411: 4409: 4406: 4404: 4401: 4399: 4396: 4394: 4391: 4389: 4386: 4384: 4381: 4379: 4376: 4374: 4371: 4369: 4366: 4364: 4361: 4359: 4358:Bagnall–Price 4356: 4354: 4351: 4349: 4346: 4345: 4343: 4340: 4336: 4330: 4327: 4325: 4322: 4320: 4317: 4315: 4312: 4311: 4309: 4307: 4303: 4297: 4294: 4292: 4289: 4287: 4284: 4282: 4279: 4277: 4274: 4272: 4269: 4267: 4264: 4262: 4259: 4258: 4256: 4254: 4250: 4245: 4241: 4236: 4229: 4224: 4222: 4217: 4215: 4210: 4209: 4206: 4200: 4196: 4192: 4189: 4187: 4184: 4182: 4178: 4176: 4173: 4171: 4167: 4164: 4161: 4160: 4159: 4157: 4152: 4137: 4131: 4127: 4123: 4118: 4106: 4102: 4100:9781913295929 4096: 4092: 4091: 4085: 4081: 4075: 4071: 4070: 4064: 4060: 4054: 4050: 4046: 4045: 4039: 4035: 4029: 4025: 4022:. Princeton: 4021: 4016: 4015: 3990: 3986: 3982: 3975: 3968: 3966: 3958: 3955: 3951: 3948: 3943: 3927: 3923: 3917: 3901: 3897: 3891: 3883: 3879: 3878: 3870: 3863: 3857: 3849: 3842: 3834: 3828: 3824: 3823: 3815: 3799: 3795: 3791: 3790: 3785: 3778: 3770: 3768:90-5410-915-7 3764: 3760: 3753: 3737: 3733: 3727: 3711: 3707: 3701: 3699: 3691: 3686: 3679: 3674: 3658: 3654: 3647: 3645: 3637: 3632: 3624: 3618: 3610: 3604: 3596: 3589: 3581: 3575: 3571: 3564: 3557: 3553: 3547: 3543: 3538: 3537: 3528: 3521: 3516: 3509: 3504: 3497: 3496:B&O Power 3492: 3484: 3482:1-85414-293-3 3478: 3474: 3467: 3451: 3447: 3443: 3437: 3421: 3417: 3413: 3407: 3391: 3387: 3381: 3365: 3361: 3355: 3339: 3335: 3329: 3322: 3319: 3314: 3306: 3300: 3284: 3280: 3274: 3258: 3254: 3248: 3241: 3235: 3231: 3224: 3209: 3205: 3204:cmigroupe.com 3201: 3195: 3179: 3175: 3171: 3165: 3158: 3153: 3147: 3145: 3141: 3138: 3130: 3124:, p. 12. 3123: 3122:Churella 1998 3118: 3110: 3109: 3101: 3094: 3089: 3073: 3069: 3063: 3047: 3043: 3037: 3029: 3023: 3019: 3015: 3008: 3006: 2989: 2985: 2978: 2962: 2958: 2954: 2948: 2932: 2928: 2924: 2917: 2901: 2897: 2891: 2885:Ellis, p. 355 2882: 2874: 2870: 2863: 2855: 2851: 2845: 2837: 2830: 2822: 2815: 2807: 2803: 2796: 2789: 2776: 2772: 2768: 2762: 2746: 2742: 2736: 2728: 2721: 2713: 2712:Leeds Mercury 2706: 2690: 2686: 2682: 2678: 2672: 2668: 2655:'s DC system. 2654: 2653:Thomas Edison 2648: 2644: 2633: 2630: 2628: 2625: 2623: 2620: 2618: 2615: 2613: 2610: 2608: 2605: 2603: 2600: 2598: 2595: 2593: 2590: 2588: 2585: 2583: 2580: 2578: 2575: 2573: 2570: 2568: 2565: 2563: 2560: 2558: 2555: 2553: 2550: 2548: 2545: 2543: 2540: 2538: 2535: 2533: 2530: 2529: 2524: 2523:Trains portal 2518: 2513: 2506: 2503: 2497: 2487: 2485: 2481: 2477: 2471: 2458: 2454: 2450: 2449:Station pilot 2447: 2444: 2441: 2438: 2435: 2432: 2428: 2425: 2422: 2418: 2414: 2411: 2410: 2409: 2401: 2399: 2395: 2391: 2387: 2383: 2379: 2375: 2374:Intercity 125 2371: 2367: 2363: 2359: 2355: 2350: 2348: 2347:Intercity 225 2344: 2340: 2337:with trailer 2336: 2331: 2329: 2325: 2321: 2316: 2314: 2310: 2306: 2302: 2297: 2293: 2290: 2285: 2283: 2279: 2275: 2271: 2261: 2260: 2256: 2252: 2251:diesel engine 2248: 2241: 2237: 2233: 2228: 2218: 2216: 2212: 2208: 2204: 2200: 2196: 2190: 2180: 2177: 2166: 2151: 2149: 2144: 2142: 2141:Nippon Sharyo 2138: 2134: 2130: 2126: 2122: 2103: 2099: 2094: 2092: 2088: 2084: 2081: 2077: 2073: 2069: 2065: 2061: 2056: 2053: 2049: 2045: 2041: 2037: 2031: 2029: 2025: 2016: 2009: 2005: 2000: 1991: 1987: 1985: 1981: 1977: 1973: 1972:Walter Boveri 1969: 1965: 1960: 1958: 1953: 1948: 1946: 1942: 1938: 1934: 1930: 1929:Jean Heilmann 1926: 1922: 1918: 1914: 1910: 1906: 1905:Charles Brown 1902: 1893: 1884: 1880: 1878: 1874: 1870: 1865: 1863: 1859: 1855: 1852:line was the 1851: 1846: 1844: 1840: 1836: 1832: 1828: 1824: 1820: 1815: 1811: 1807: 1798: 1790: 1781: 1778: 1776: 1772: 1768: 1764: 1759: 1756: 1752: 1749:, in which a 1748: 1742: 1740: 1736: 1732: 1731:bow collector 1728: 1720: 1716: 1712: 1710: 1706: 1702: 1698: 1694: 1693:overhead line 1690: 1684: 1674: 1672: 1662: 1660: 1655: 1651: 1647: 1646:piston engine 1642: 1639: 1638:Union Pacific 1635: 1631: 1628:was built by 1627: 1623: 1619: 1615: 1611: 1607: 1603: 1599: 1595: 1591: 1589: 1584: 1579: 1577: 1573: 1569: 1562: 1558: 1554: 1549: 1539: 1537: 1536:rail grinders 1533: 1529: 1525: 1521: 1519: 1515: 1511: 1507: 1503: 1499: 1495: 1491: 1487: 1483: 1479: 1475: 1470: 1468: 1464: 1456: 1451: 1442: 1440: 1436: 1432: 1428: 1424: 1420: 1416: 1412: 1407: 1405: 1401: 1397: 1391: 1384: 1380: 1375: 1366: 1364: 1359: 1355: 1351: 1350:Rudolf Diesel 1347: 1343: 1339: 1335: 1328: 1323: 1314: 1312: 1308: 1303: 1293: 1292:arrangement. 1291: 1287: 1283: 1278: 1276: 1272: 1268: 1264: 1261: 1257: 1253: 1248: 1237: 1228: 1224: 1221:This section 1219: 1216: 1212: 1211: 1203: 1201: 1197: 1193: 1189: 1185: 1181: 1178: 1174: 1163: 1154: 1150: 1147:This section 1145: 1142: 1138: 1137: 1129: 1127: 1123: 1120:built by the 1119: 1115: 1106: 1097: 1095: 1091: 1087: 1083: 1079: 1074: 1072: 1068: 1064: 1055: 1046: 1044: 1040: 1030: 1027: 1023: 1017: 1000: 999: 991: 986: 979: 974: 971: 967: 963: 959: 953: 948: 944: 940: 933: 928: 927: 923: 921: 916: 912: 907: 905: 901: 897: 893: 892: 887: 883: 882: 877: 873: 869: 865: 864: 863:Puffing Billy 859: 856: 853: 849: 848: 844: 840: 835: 833: 832:Andrew Vivian 829: 825: 821: 816: 813:ironworks in 812: 811:Coalbrookdale 808: 803: 801: 797: 793: 789: 785: 781: 777: 773: 769: 763: 753: 751: 747: 741: 731: 729: 725: 720: 716: 711: 706: 701: 697: 693: 683: 680: 675: 673: 669: 665: 661: 657: 653: 652:multiple unit 649: 645: 641: 637: 625: 620: 618: 613: 611: 606: 605: 603: 602: 599: 594: 589: 588: 583: 580: 577: 573: 569: 565: 561: 558: 556: 553: 551: 548: 546: 543: 541: 538: 536: 533: 531: 528: 526: 523: 521: 518: 516: 513: 511: 508: 506: 503: 501: 498: 497: 496: 495: 491: 490: 484: 481: 479: 476: 472: 469: 468: 467: 466:Rapid transit 464: 462: 459: 457: 454: 450: 447: 446: 445: 442: 441: 440: 439: 435: 434: 428: 425: 423: 420: 418: 415: 413: 410: 408: 405: 403: 400: 398: 395: 393: 392:Regional rail 390: 388: 387:Commuter rail 385: 383: 380: 378: 377:Bogie (truck) 375: 373: 370: 366: 365:Dual coupling 363: 361: 358: 356: 353: 352: 351: 348: 346: 345:Railroad cars 343: 341: 338: 334: 331: 330: 329: 326: 324: 321: 320: 319: 318: 315: 314:rolling stock 311: 310: 302: 299: 297: 294: 292: 289: 288: 287: 284: 280: 277: 276: 275: 274:Railway track 272: 268: 265: 264: 263: 260: 258: 255: 253: 250: 249: 248: 247: 243: 242: 235: 234:Company types 232: 230: 227: 226: 224: 223: 219: 215: 214: 211: 208: 207: 203: 202: 196: 193: 188: 181: 178: 173: 166: 163:(middle) and 162: 158: 154: 151: 147: 143: 135: 132: 124: 113: 110: 106: 103: 99: 96: 92: 89: 85: 82: – 81: 77: 76:Find sources: 70: 66: 60: 59: 54:This article 52: 48: 43: 42: 37: 33: 19: 4592:Railway tire 4518:running gear 4477:Jacobs bogie 4457:Bissel truck 4246:positioning 4234: 4190: 4148: 4121: 4109:. Retrieved 4089: 4068: 4043: 4019: 4011:Bibliography 3996:. Retrieved 3980: 3956: 3942: 3930:. Retrieved 3916: 3904:. Retrieved 3900:the original 3890: 3876: 3869: 3861: 3856: 3847: 3841: 3821: 3814: 3802:. Retrieved 3787: 3777: 3758: 3752: 3740:. Retrieved 3736:the original 3726: 3714:. Retrieved 3690:Duffy (2003) 3685: 3678:Duffy (2003) 3673: 3661:. Retrieved 3657:the original 3636:Duffy (2003) 3631: 3622: 3617: 3608: 3603: 3594: 3588: 3569: 3563: 3555: 3535: 3527: 3520:Duffy (2003) 3515: 3508:Duffy (2003) 3503: 3495: 3491: 3472: 3466: 3454:. Retrieved 3450:the original 3436: 3424:. Retrieved 3415: 3406: 3394:. Retrieved 3380: 3368:. Retrieved 3354: 3342:. Retrieved 3338:the original 3328: 3320: 3313: 3287:. Retrieved 3283:the original 3273: 3261:. Retrieved 3247: 3229: 3223: 3212:, retrieved 3208:the original 3203: 3194: 3182:. Retrieved 3173: 3164: 3152: 3134: 3129: 3117: 3107: 3100: 3088: 3076:. Retrieved 3062: 3050:. Retrieved 3046:the original 3036: 3013: 2992:. Retrieved 2977: 2965:. Retrieved 2956: 2947: 2935:. Retrieved 2930: 2926: 2916: 2904:. Retrieved 2890: 2881: 2868: 2862: 2853: 2850:Nock, Oswald 2844: 2835: 2829: 2820: 2814: 2801: 2795: 2786: 2779:. Retrieved 2761: 2749:. Retrieved 2745:the original 2735: 2726: 2720: 2711: 2705: 2693:. Retrieved 2680: 2677:"Locomotive" 2671: 2647: 2627:Vacuum brake 2499: 2473: 2443:Light engine 2427:Pilot engine 2413:Train engine 2412: 2407: 2351: 2339:control cars 2332: 2317: 2298: 2294: 2286: 2267: 2244: 2227:Hybrid train 2192: 2173: 2145: 2095: 2080:direct-drive 2071: 2057: 2032: 2026:; a kind of 2021: 1988: 1961: 1952:Kálmán Kandó 1949: 1915:, between a 1898: 1881: 1866: 1847: 1803: 1779: 1775:transformers 1760: 1747:spur gearing 1743: 1739:contact shoe 1727:trolley pole 1724: 1686: 1668: 1643: 1618:Brown Boveri 1600:to drive an 1592: 1580: 1565: 1522: 1486:British Rail 1471: 1460: 1411:Hermann Lemp 1408: 1396:DC generator 1393: 1331: 1305: 1279: 1251: 1250: 1231: 1227:adding to it 1222: 1188:chain drives 1180:transmission 1175:, which use 1172: 1170: 1157: 1153:adding to it 1148: 1111: 1075: 1060: 1036: 1019: 996: 958:VR Class Tk3 939:SECR Class P 915:British Rail 911:World War II 908: 904:goods trains 889: 879: 861: 845: 836: 804: 768:steam engine 765: 743: 723: 691: 689: 676: 644:motive power 635: 633: 327: 312:Service and 182:in Australia 142: 127: 118: 108: 101: 94: 87: 80:"Locomotive" 75: 63:Please help 58:verification 55: 4707:Locomotives 4607:Train wheel 4587:Radial axle 4567:Journal box 4487:Mason Bogie 4423:Walschaerts 4261:Cab forward 4156:Locomotives 3998:16 November 2681:(etymology) 2557:Control car 2547:Bank engine 2154:Other types 2087:commutators 1850:underground 1650:lubrication 1598:gas turbine 1576:gas turbine 1542:Gas turbine 1354:Adolf Klose 1084:for use on 937:Wainwright 852:edge-railed 656:motor coach 560:Terminology 505:Attractions 492:Miscellanea 328:Locomotives 286:Track gauge 279:Maintenance 121:August 2022 4701:Categories 4527:Adams axle 4492:Pony truck 4462:Blomberg B 4418:Stephenson 4403:Kuhn slide 4339:Valve gear 4271:Steeplecab 4249:Short hood 4235:Locomotive 3906:2 December 3742:5 December 3716:26 October 3456:18 January 3289:2 December 3263:2 December 3239:0760309752 3214:2 December 3184:2 December 3093:Duffy 2003 3027:0715361155 2751:3 November 2663:References 2622:Train horn 2382:Shinkansen 2378:power cars 1941:commutator 1735:pantograph 1697:third rail 1606:alternator 1496:used high 1381:, 1924 in 1234:April 2020 1196:F.C. Blake 1177:mechanical 1160:April 2020 1086:Hull docks 891:The Rocket 820:Penydarren 815:Shropshire 738:See also: 692:locomotive 636:locomotive 510:By country 461:Interurban 456:Light rail 301:Dual gauge 252:Management 91:newspapers 4676:Blastpipe 4393:Hackworth 4286:Cowl unit 4281:Hood unit 4266:Sharknose 4253:Long hood 3663:10 August 3078:1 January 3052:1 January 2967:4 October 2933:: 8437–54 2906:4 October 2532:Air brake 2486:systems. 2421:push-pull 2282:switching 2274:passenger 2207:Kaohsiung 2024:batteries 1925:Frankfurt 1864:in 1897. 1758:engines. 1755:bull gear 1689:conductor 1528:CMI Group 1453:A German 1423:prototype 1409:In 1914, 1256:gearboxes 1184:gearboxes 1069:built by 945:, England 847:Salamanca 837:In 1812, 828:Abercynon 690:The word 686:Etymology 679:push-pull 664:power car 535:Modelling 515:Companies 500:Accidents 323:Operating 257:Rail yard 161:hood unit 159:(front), 4681:Smokebox 4669:elements 4646:Lemaître 4612:Wheelset 4520:elements 4413:Southern 4373:Caprotti 4276:Cab unit 4166:Archived 4111:15 April 4105:Archived 3989:Archived 3950:Archived 3932:16 March 3926:Archived 3798:Archived 3710:Archived 3420:Archived 3416:eesi.org 3390:Archived 3364:Archived 3344:12 April 3299:cite web 3257:Archived 3178:Archived 3140:Archived 3072:Archived 2994:12 April 2988:Archived 2961:Archived 2900:Archived 2898:. 1935. 2852:(1977). 2775:Archived 2771:BBC News 2689:Archived 2542:Autorail 2509:See also 2398:TGV V150 2394:TGV TMST 2276:trains, 2199:Val-d'Or 2195:hydrogen 2159:Fireless 2064:Aberdeen 1909:Oerlikon 1835:trolleys 1707:(DC) or 1677:Electric 1596:, use a 1480:and the 1425:for all 1379:SŽD Eel2 1346:railcars 1114:gasoline 1067:draisine 1063:kerosene 1049:Kerosene 884:for the 705:ablative 582:Vactrain 372:Wheelset 197:in China 157:cab unit 4686:Chimney 4665:Common 4656:Lemprex 4636:Kylchap 4532:Axlebox 4388:Gresley 4368:Bulleid 4363:Baguley 3426:7 April 3396:28 July 3370:28 July 2937:10 July 2781:13 June 2390:TGV PSE 2356:, many 2343:Railjet 2278:freight 2255:EMD FL9 2189:Hydrail 2113:⁄ 2072:Galvani 1871:of the 1825:). The 1701:battery 1532:tampers 1039:benzene 1033:Benzene 970:Finland 962:Kokkola 941:on the 796:tenders 784:bunkers 776:pistons 746:gravity 719:motivus 660:railcar 555:Suicide 540:Museums 471:History 449:History 427:Freight 229:History 165:box cab 105:scholar 4651:Lempor 4641:Kylpor 4516:Other 4291:Boxcab 4237:design 4132: 4097: 4076: 4055: 4030: 3829: 3804:12 May 3789:Trains 3765: 3576: 3548: 3479: 3236: 3024: 2695:2 June 2482:, and 2240:Berlin 2211:Taiwan 2203:Quebec 2048:arcing 2046:units 2036:steam- 1945:bogies 1814:Berlin 1751:pinion 1711:(AC). 1570:is an 1296:Diesel 1286:bogies 1271:dynamo 1260:rotary 1126:London 1100:Petrol 878:built 772:boiler 646:for a 478:Maglev 340:Trains 167:(rear) 107: 100: 93: 86: 78: 4631:Giesl 4624:types 4435:types 4433:Bogie 4408:Lentz 4383:Gooch 4353:Baker 4348:Allan 4341:types 4181:Model 3992:(PDF) 3977:(PDF) 3862:Treni 2639:Notes 2453:shunt 2417:train 2370:ICE 2 2366:ICE 1 2358:Talgo 2305:axles 1877:Bo+Bo 1494:Renfe 1290:Bo-Bo 1288:in a 1269:by a 1043:Deutz 826:, to 788:tanks 756:Steam 750:power 710:locus 696:Latin 648:train 638:is a 483:Urban 112:JSTOR 98:books 4130:ISBN 4113:2023 4095:ISBN 4074:ISBN 4053:ISBN 4028:ISBN 4000:2022 3934:2020 3908:2017 3827:ISBN 3806:2023 3763:ISBN 3744:2009 3718:2011 3665:2008 3574:ISBN 3546:ISBN 3477:ISBN 3458:2008 3428:2020 3398:2023 3372:2023 3346:2016 3305:link 3291:2017 3265:2017 3234:ISBN 3216:2017 3186:2017 3080:2012 3054:2012 3022:ISBN 2996:2019 2969:2007 2939:2009 2931:XIII 2908:2007 2783:2009 2753:2009 2697:2008 2396:and 2372:and 2345:and 2303:and 2257:and 1982:and 1923:and 1821:and 1534:and 1413:, a 1383:Kyiv 995:The 802:"). 786:and 700:loco 444:Tram 267:list 84:news 4398:Joy 4378:Gab 4244:Cab 4049:IET 3882:144 3542:264 2354:TGV 2264:Use 2062:of 2038:or 1919:at 1812:at 1604:or 1520:). 1518:354 1514:353 1510:352 1506:350 1229:. 1200:Kew 1198:of 1192:car 1155:. 1080:of 964:in 707:of 662:or 67:by 4703:: 4251:/ 4193:, 4128:. 4103:. 4051:. 4047:. 4026:. 3987:. 3979:. 3964:^ 3924:. 3796:. 3792:. 3786:. 3708:. 3697:^ 3643:^ 3554:. 3544:. 3444:. 3418:. 3414:. 3388:. 3362:. 3301:}} 3297:{{ 3255:. 3202:, 3176:. 3172:. 3020:. 3016:. 3004:^ 2986:. 2959:. 2955:. 2929:. 2925:. 2871:. 2804:. 2785:. 2769:. 2687:. 2683:. 2679:. 2478:, 2392:, 2364:, 2349:. 2315:. 2209:, 2201:, 2100:, 2030:. 2002:A 1937:DC 1901:AC 1845:. 1806:DC 1777:. 1673:. 1590:. 1566:A 1538:. 1516:, 1512:, 1508:, 1504:, 1484:. 1431:E2 1352:, 968:, 922:. 906:. 730:. 674:. 658:, 654:, 634:A 576:UK 574:, 572:NZ 570:, 568:NA 566:, 564:AU 190:A 175:A 4227:e 4220:t 4213:v 4138:. 4115:. 4082:. 4061:. 4036:. 4002:. 3936:. 3910:. 3884:. 3835:. 3808:. 3771:. 3746:. 3720:. 3667:. 3582:. 3485:. 3460:. 3430:. 3400:. 3374:. 3348:. 3307:) 3293:. 3267:. 3188:. 3082:. 3056:. 3030:. 2998:. 2971:. 2941:. 2910:. 2808:. 2755:. 2699:. 2459:. 2433:; 2368:/ 2115:2 2111:1 2108:+ 2106:4 1236:) 1232:( 1162:) 1158:( 623:e 616:t 609:v 578:) 562:( 134:) 128:( 123:) 119:( 109:· 102:· 95:· 88:· 61:. 38:. 20:)

Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.

Index