793:, written by Julia Toppin in 2023, she explains, "the process of modifying jungle's name can be viewed as an 'act of resignifying the otherness' to disassociate it from black people and the racist media narratives containing race, drugs, and violence with jungle music and the scene." The jungle scene had always been portrayed in a negative light due to its affiliation with the rave scene and especially because of the black people associated with the music. The security and drug incidents at jungle events typically seemed to attract more police attention than other EDM genres, though the same trouble would happen in any other raves attended by predominately white audiences. With the emergence of drum and bass, the previous biases against jungle intensified while drum and bass's popularity grew rapidly in mainstream media. In her article, Toppin highlights the sonic marginalization that occurred during the late 1990s, with black jungle ravers declined entry at night clubs and DJs being shadow-banned from playing jungle at venues. This would lead to jungle's return to the underground at the end of the decade.
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651:, even though it was heavily influenced by these other rave styles, including those from the United States. Jungle was also seen as "England's answer to hip-hop", aimed at breaking down racial boundaries and promoting unification through its multiculturalism by drawing from different cultures and attracting mixed crowds at raves. Jungle's rhythm-as-melody style overturned the dominance of melody-over-rhythm in the hierarchy of Western music, adding to its radical nature.
430:. Controversy raged over the success of "Incredible" when Levy reportedly made comments in the media that he was "running jungle at the moment". Although Levy always argued that his comments were misinterpreted, this did not fail to stop a boycott of the single amongst a group of DJs that were dubbed as the "Jungle Committee". Labels such as Ibiza, 3rd Party and Kemet were prolific in their releases.
785:). During this time, a false dichotomy was established between drum and bass and jungle, with the former for white ravers and the latter for black ravers. The sub-genre of drum and bass developed to be quicker, more industrial, less danceable yet was seen as more 'accessible and commercial' than jungle, as cited in an article by
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The term "jungle" is often used as a synonym for drum and bass, particularly in the United States. More commonly, jungle is viewed as the originating point for drum and bass, with the progressive changes brought by artists in the late 1990s serving as the point of diversion (some examples being Trace
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According to MC Navigator from Kool FM, 'jungle' comes from 'junglist', and was first heard in 1991 as a sample used by Rebel MC. "Rebel got this chant - all the junglists - from a yard-tape" referring to the sound-system mix-tapes imported from
Jamaica. "When Rebel sampled that, the people cottoned
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The UK is still the spiritual home and nucleus of jungle to this day. An event called
Rupture gained popularity between 2007 and the present for hosting and promoting more traditional styled jungle/drum & bass music and artists. The event and subsequent label have promoted new producers such as
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The early to mid-2000s saw a jungle revival in the emerging drum-funk subgenre, with labels such as
Scientific Wax, Bassbin Records and Paradox Music pushing for a more breaks orientated sound. Technicality and Bassbin events in London were spearheading this return to more traditional elements of
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of the early 1990s had left many young people, particularly London's lower-class urban youth, disenfranchised and disillusioned with a seemingly crumbling societal structure. Jungle reflected these feelings, as it was a notably more dark, less euphoric style of music than many of the other styles
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Jungle music, as a scene, was unable to decide whether it wanted to be recognised in the mainstream or if it wanted to avoid misrepresentation. This manifested in the cooperation of jungle artists and small record labels. Small record labels worked to provide more autonomy to the music artists in
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The infiltration of hardcore B-boys into the rave scene was catalyst for "the messy birth-pangs of
Britain's very own equivalent to US hip hop: jungle." The UK B-boy's removal from American racial tensions made hip-hop's sample and beat-making more attractive than the "protest side of rap," and
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return for their business and jungle music was proliferated by pirate stations in underground networks and clubs. Whilst the media would in part feed off jungle music success, it also perpetuated negative stereotypes about the scene as being violent. The seminal 1994
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genres converge. Reynolds noted the audience of the genre evolved alongside the music itself; going from a "sweaty, shirtless white teenager, grinning and gurning" to a "head nodding, stylishly dressed black twenty something with hooded-eyes, holding a
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scene of the early 1990s was beginning to fragment by 1992/1993, with different influences becoming less common together in tracks. The piano and uplifting vocal style that was prevalent in breakbeat hardcore started to lay down the foundations of
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During 1992 and 1993, the phrases "jungle techno" and "hardcore jungle" proliferated to describe that shift of the music from breakbeat hardcore to jungle. The sound was championed at clubs such as AWOL, Roast, and
Telepathy, by
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A thriving underground movement producing and developing tracks in the style of the 1990s and some original (though mostly mainstream drum and bass) jungle producers have noticed this new enthusiasm for the original sound.
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At Ibiza
Records, Paul was tired of foreign sounds running the British dance scene. That's when Ibiza Records started. Paul fused the bleeps and breaks with reggae b-lines. The sound elements worked. The reggae influence
826:, Dead Man's Chest and Sully, and the scene is very much thriving. As well as old heads and artists coming out of retirement, modern jungle is enjoyed by the younger generations who missed jungle the first time around.
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Moreover, the greater accessibility to sampling technology allowed young people to create music in their homes by incorporating their own sampling and experiences, rather than needing a grand recording studio.
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What's acknowledged to be the earliest jungle tune, despite its lack of toasting, dates from 1989. Built on a ragga bassline, "We Are I.E." by young London Lennie De-Ice rules dancefloors.
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were instrumental in the transition of the jungle sound to drum and bass. By the end of 1998, the genre's sound had changed forms significantly from the sound heard earlier in the decade.
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He said it was 'hardcore-jungle-techno'. It was known for that for several months... just dropping of all the other words. We'd had hardcore and techno... but this was 'jungle'.
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show in early 1994 and featured DJs on rotation including Kenny Ken Jumpin Jack Frost, DJ Randall, DJ Rap, and Mickey Finn. A year later, the UK's nationwide broadcaster
1004:"Moose was the first person I heard using the word 'jungle'. It just came to us. Original hardcore jungle. Like you was in Africa. Like something tribal. It just came.
226:). Some thought of this term as empowering, an assertion of the blackness of the music and its subculture, inverting the racist history of the term "jungle music".
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and rap fans alike. Simon
Reynolds described it as causing fear and "for many ravers, too funky to dance" yet the club scene enjoyed every second.
251:. Reggae samples and reggae-influenced tracks had been a feature of many breakbeat hardcore tracks since 1990, particularly from producers such as
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on steroids." This is an example of the effects of the sonic diaspora and the wide influence musical genres have; Jungle is where these different
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influence. It would become a major subgenre during 1994 and 1995, with popular tracks such as "Incredible" by M-Beat featuring
General Levy, "
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They didn't know what they were going to label this type of music. They didn't care. They were specialising in heavy reggae with breakbeats.
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in one hand and a bottle of champagne in the other". Jungle also served as "a site for a battle between contesting notions of blackness".
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Jungle reached the peak of its popularity in 1994/1995. At this stage, the genre was achieving a number of UK top 40 hits, most notably "
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377:. Musically, jungle's spatialised production, bass quake pressure and battery of extreme sonic effects, make it a sort of postmodern
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Even more common, especially in jungle/drum 'n' bass, is a break ... which fans and musicians commonly refer to as the 'Amen' break.
218:, MC Navigator is quoted as attributing the word to him. Others such as MC Five-O attribute it to MC Moose, whilst Rob Playford (of
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and multi-tiered rhythms, Jungle drew support not only from
British b-boys who got swept up into the rave scene, but also from
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Techniques and styles could be traced to such a vast group of influencers, each adding their own little elements. According to
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1996 and 1997 saw a less reggae-influenced sound and a darker, grittier, and more sinister soundscape. Hip-hop and
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499:, chronicled the growing jungle scene and interviewed producers, DJs, and ravers to counter this perception.
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popular at raves. The music was much more popular with black
British youths than other rave styles, such as
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267:" by Lennie De-Ice is often credited as being the track that laid down the foundations for jungle with its
17:
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358:, "A London Sumtin" by Code 071, "Learning from My Brother" by Family of Intelligence, "Lion of Judah" by
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247:, whilst tracks with dark-themed samples and industrial-style stabs had emerged from late 1992 and named
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fueled the more hyper sound that was passed down to jungle, even after the drug was left for marijuana.
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spurred on their interest in the rave scene. Alongside their 'sampladelic' taste, raving B-boys' use of
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611:". The genre would later regain popularity in the early 2000s with new productions by artists such as
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Having previously been confined to pirate radio, legal stations woke up to jungle from 1994. London's
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artists, but continued to release more underground jungle tracks — the latter adopting the alias
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591:. Popular tracks of this subgenre include "Dred Bass" by Dead Dred, "Super Sharp Shooter" by
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Zuberi, Nabeel (2001). "Black Whole Styles: Sound, Technology, and Diaspora Aesthetics".
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327:(regarded as being the most instrumental station in the development of jungle) but also
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1140:"IT'S A WAY OF LIFE': Darren Jay Talks 30 years of AWOL // Interview - Goat Shed"
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Unlocking the groove: Rhythm, meter, and musical design in electronic dance music
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Energy Flash: Energy Flash: A Journey Through Rave Music and Dance Culture
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sampling dancefloor-oriented jungle. The underground classic "Burial" by
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Sounds of Paranoia Trip-Hop, Tricky, and Pre-Millennium Tension, 1990-97
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868:"'The Time Has Come, Exodus!': Congo Natty and the Jungle (r)evolution"
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Modulations: A history of electronic music. Throbbing Words on Sound
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Toppin, Julia (2023). "Jungle: A Critical Intersectional History".
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Toppin, Julia (2023). "Jungle: A Critical Intersectional History".
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Toppin, Julia (2023). "Jungle: A Critical Intersectional History".
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Toppin, Julia (2023). "Jungle: A Critical Intersectional History".
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Ragga jungle is a fusion genre that combines jungle with a heavy
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923:"These are the drum 'n' bass sub-genres that you need to know"
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Altered States: The History of Ecstasy Culture and Acid House
743:
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531:
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268:
2001:
1791:"Chase & Status announce brand new album RTRN II Jungle"
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Energy Flash: A Journey Through Rave Music and Dance Culture
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capitalised on the current trend of jungle with their album
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Sounds Like London: 100 Years of Black Music in the Capital
503:
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189:
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134:
69:
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Exploring the Spiritual in Popular Music: Beatified Beats
338:, with notable releases including "Darkage" by DJ Solo, "
1856:
All Crews: Journeys Through Jungle/Drum and Bass Culture
506:-influenced tracks dominated the clubs in this period.
208:
is often noted for having popularised the term, and in
131:
1589:"20 Essential Jungle Tunes Everyone Should Know About"
583:
would also become a popular subgenre that came out of
559:, "Sound Murderer / RIP" by Remarc, "Limb by Limb" by
334:
Tracks would span breakbeat styles, particularly with
1158:"Gone To A Rave#43: The Untold Story Of Renk Records"
1656:
204:
The origin of the word jungle is one of discussion.
1756:
986:
on, and soon they started to call the music jungle.
859:
886:
422:, and spawned a series of CD compilations such as
160:, and synthesised effects, combined with the deep
2156:
192:recordings. Jungle was a direct precursor to the
4250:
1557:"7 jungle classics that still tear up the dance"
1226:"Exclusive: General Levy's 'Incredible' Journey"
805:Congo Natty, Jungle Revolution album tour, 2013
749:
1490:Tracks of All Time, according to General Levy"
1338:"All Junglists! A London Somet'ing Dis (1994)"
1195:
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1189:
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2017:
1885:
1073:
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997:
603:Remix) by Remarc and DJ Zinc's remix of the
263:influence solidly into releases. The track "
1283:"Gone To A Rave #41: Kemet & 3rd Party"
1180:
1043:Sounds English: Transnational Popular Music
796:
2149:
2135:
2024:
2010:
1892:
1878:
1680:Black Music in Britain in the 21st Century
1650:Black Music in Britain in the 21st Century
1635:Black Music in Britain in the 21st Century
1620:Black Music in Britain in the 21st Century
791:Black Music in Britain in the 21st Century
468:would achieve wider commercial success as
4224:Music technology (electronic and digital)
865:
184:. Many producers frequently sampled the "
1667:. New York: Serpent's Tail. p. 257.
1451:
1199:
1113:
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1034:
1032:
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978:
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397:
1759:"Congo Natty and the jungle revolution"
1092:
953:
346:, "Set Me Free" by Potential Bad Boy, "
164:, melodies, and vocal samples found in
14:
4251:
1841:State of Bass: Jungle the story so far
1677:
1662:
1647:
1632:
1617:
1238:from the original on 26 September 2020
1040:
920:
884:
718:" by M-Beat, "The Helicopter Tune" by
690:, "Lover to Lover / Maximum Style" by
682:Notable releases include: "Burial" by
445:finally gave jungle a platform on its
393:
196:genre which emerged in the mid-1990s.
148:, the style is characterised by rapid
2130:
2005:
1873:
1311:
1256:
1109:
1107:
1027:
878:
726:, "Sovereign Melody / Lion Heart" by
259:were arguably the first to bring the
1803:from the original on 9 November 2020
1379:from the original on 23 October 2020
1369:"A London Some'ting Dis Documentary"
893:, Indiana University Press, p.
537:
188:" or other breakbeats from funk and
144:culture in the 1990s. Emerging from
1771:from the original on 23 August 2020
1757:Ben Beaumont-Thomas (4 July 2013).
1409:from the original on 11 August 2020
914:
677:
24:
1818:
1261:. Boxtree. pp. 35–36, 61–62.
1118:(1st ed.). pp. 237–254.
1104:
567:, and "Code Red / Champion DJ" by
25:
4305:
4229:Recording studio as an instrument
1899:
1738:from the original on 14 June 2020
1599:from the original on 14 June 2020
1569:from the original on 14 June 2020
1537:from the original on 14 June 2020
1502:from the original on 14 June 2020
1293:from the original on 15 June 2020
1168:from the original on 15 June 2020
935:from the original on 21 June 2023
255:, however Ibiza Records, and the
3387:Christian electronic dance music
1525:"The 20 best jungle tracks ever"
1459:"All Black – Jungle Fever - 4:3"
1439:from the original on 8 June 2023
958:. Caipirinha. pp. 132–134.
829:One of the scene's originators,
746:, and "Tiger Style" by DJ Hype.
222:) attributes it to MC Mad P (of
1783:
1750:
1718:
1706:from the original on 7 May 2021
1686:
1671:
1641:
1626:
1611:
1581:
1549:
1517:
1480:
1469:from the original on 2023-05-16
1421:
1391:
1361:
1330:
1305:
1275:
1250:
1218:
1150:
1132:
1086:
1067:
542:
1049:
1009:
991:
972:
947:
921:Murphy, Ben (4 January 2018).
13:
1:
4284:Electronic dance music genres
4192:Electronic musical instrument
2031:
1726:"10 killer new jungle tracks"
1074:Belle-Fortune, Brian (2004).
1056:Belle-Fortune, Brian (2004).
1016:Belle-Fortune, Brian (2004).
998:Belle-Fortune, Brian (2004).
853:
734:, "The Victory / Lovable" by
484:would see a major release on
750:Crossover with drum and bass
199:
7:
1316:. Boxtree. pp. 58–60.
722:, "Super Sharp Shooter" by
702:, "All the Crew Big Up" by
82:Early 1990s, United Kingdom
10:
4310:
753:
574:
229:
130:that developed out of the
4214:Electronics in rock music
4175:Digital audio workstation
4157:
4072:
3931:
3924:
3884:
3653:
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2811:
2524:
2388:
2303:
2196:
2182:
2165:
2039:
1907:
86:
78:
37:
32:
27:Genre of electronic music
1663:Collin, Matthew (1997).
1200:Reynolds, Simon (1998).
1114:Reynolds, Simon (1998).
979:Reynolds, Simon (1998).
885:Butler, Mark J. (2006),
797:Re-emergent jungle scene
4289:English styles of music
4122:Progressive electronica
3162:Intelligent dance music
2290:Sound system (Jamaican)
1093:Bradley, Lloyd (2013).
954:Shapiro, Peter (2000).
497:A London Some 'Ting Dis
476:to continue to release
402:All Junglists, seminal
4269:1990s in British music
2443:List of hip hop genres
2169:Electronic dance music
1796:Red Bull Music Academy
1694:"The return of jungle"
1562:Red Bull Music Academy
1312:James, Martin (1997).
1257:James, Martin (1997).
928:Red Bull Music Academy
866:Rambarran, S. (2021).
806:
407:
2605:Electronic body music
2253:Electroacoustic music
1854:Brian Belle-Fortune,
1405:. 21 September 2016.
804:
658:Characterised by the
635:Sociocultural context
401:
340:Valley of the Shadows
331:, Rush, and Rude FM.
3902:Hyperpop microgenres
2566:Contemporary R&B
3512:Mainstream hardcore
2886:Chopped and screwed
2275:Elektronische Musik
2229:List of rock genres
2160:-based music styles
1565:. 31 January 2018.
1488:"The 10 Best Jungle
1234:. 19 January 2015.
822:Forest Drive West,
742:, "The Lighter" by
555:" by UK Apachi and
454:A Guy Called Gerald
394:Rise and popularity
362:, and "Be Free" by
352:A Guy Called Gerald
319:, and Renk, and on
3721:Kawaii future bass
3701:Deconstructed club
2854:Breakbeat hardcore
2746:Martial industrial
2736:Industrial hip hop
2617:Ethnic electronica
2600:Electro-industrial
2116:Progressive breaks
2064:Breakbeat hardcore
1843:, Boxtree, 1997. (
1828:, Picador, 1998. (
1799:. 15 August 2018.
1595:. 20 August 2017.
1097:. Serpent's Tail.
842:Chase & Status
807:
595:, "This Style" by
408:
236:breakbeat hardcore
156:percussive loops,
146:breakbeat hardcore
45:Breakbeat hardcore
4246:
4245:
4242:
4241:
4170:Data sonification
3920:
3919:
3907:Plugg microgenres
3892:Breakcore revival
3857:Slowed and reverb
3537:Post-punk revival
3238:Progressive house
3157:Industrial techno
2829:Asian underground
2761:Power electronics
2537:Alternative dance
2396:Afro/cosmic music
2351:Psychedelic music
2124:
2123:
1999:
1998:
1858:, Vision, 2004. (
1734:. 22 March 2018.
1702:. 21 March 2018.
1498:. 19 March 2019.
1375:. 19 March 2013.
1144:Goatshedmusic.com
904:978-0-253-34662-9
835:Jungle Revolution
686:, "Dangerous" by
538:Popular subgenres
447:One in the Jungle
323:stations such as
253:Shut Up and Dance
117:
116:
38:Stylistic origins
16:(Redirected from
4301:
4142:Video game music
3991:Acid house party
3929:
3928:
3876:Weird SoundCloud
3763:Melbourne bounce
3581:Shangaan electro
3142:Harsh noise wall
2901:Digital hardcore
2741:Industrial metal
2361:Psychedelic rock
2356:Psychedelic funk
2346:Progressive rock
2280:Live electronics
2263:Musique concrète
2258:Acousmatic music
2204:Amplified guitar
2194:
2193:
2189:decade of origin
2151:
2144:
2137:
2128:
2127:
2026:
2019:
2012:
2003:
2002:
1894:
1887:
1880:
1871:
1870:
1824:Simon Reynolds,
1813:
1812:
1810:
1808:
1787:
1781:
1780:
1778:
1776:
1754:
1748:
1747:
1745:
1743:
1722:
1716:
1715:
1713:
1711:
1690:
1684:
1683:
1675:
1669:
1668:
1660:
1654:
1653:
1645:
1639:
1638:
1630:
1624:
1623:
1615:
1609:
1608:
1606:
1604:
1585:
1579:
1578:
1576:
1574:
1553:
1547:
1546:
1544:
1542:
1521:
1515:
1512:
1509:
1507:
1484:
1478:
1477:
1475:
1474:
1455:
1449:
1448:
1446:
1444:
1425:
1419:
1418:
1416:
1414:
1395:
1389:
1388:
1386:
1384:
1373:Rave-archive.com
1365:
1359:
1358:
1356:
1355:
1346:. Archived from
1334:
1328:
1327:
1309:
1303:
1302:
1300:
1298:
1289:. 5 April 2017.
1279:
1273:
1272:
1254:
1248:
1247:
1245:
1243:
1222:
1216:
1215:
1197:
1178:
1177:
1175:
1173:
1164:. 5 April 2017.
1154:
1148:
1147:
1136:
1130:
1129:
1111:
1102:
1101:
1090:
1084:
1083:
1071:
1065:
1064:
1053:
1047:
1046:
1038:
1025:
1024:
1013:
1007:
1006:
995:
989:
988:
976:
970:
969:
951:
945:
944:
942:
940:
918:
912:
911:
892:
882:
876:
875:
863:
730:, "Everyman" by
678:Notable releases
406:documentary 1994
354:, "Crackman" by
307:, record labels
128:electronic music
87:Derivative forms
79:Cultural origins
30:
29:
21:
4309:
4308:
4304:
4303:
4302:
4300:
4299:
4298:
4294:Music in London
4249:
4248:
4247:
4238:
4153:
4090:Chill-out music
4068:
3916:
3880:
3649:
3360:
3223:Nu skool breaks
2807:
2520:
2455:Industrial rock
2384:
2326:Electronic rock
2299:
2214:Hawaiian guitar
2187:
2178:
2161:
2155:
2125:
2120:
2111:Nu skool breaks
2035:
2030:
2000:
1995:
1903:
1898:
1821:
1819:Further reading
1816:
1806:
1804:
1789:
1788:
1784:
1774:
1772:
1755:
1751:
1741:
1739:
1724:
1723:
1719:
1709:
1707:
1692:
1691:
1687:
1676:
1672:
1661:
1657:
1646:
1642:
1631:
1627:
1616:
1612:
1602:
1600:
1587:
1586:
1582:
1572:
1570:
1555:
1554:
1550:
1540:
1538:
1533:. 23 May 2018.
1523:
1522:
1518:
1505:
1503:
1486:
1485:
1481:
1472:
1470:
1457:
1456:
1452:
1442:
1440:
1435:. 11 May 2017.
1427:
1426:
1422:
1412:
1410:
1397:
1396:
1392:
1382:
1380:
1367:
1366:
1362:
1353:
1351:
1350:on May 18, 2017
1336:
1335:
1331:
1324:
1310:
1306:
1296:
1294:
1287:The Ransom Note
1281:
1280:
1276:
1269:
1255:
1251:
1241:
1239:
1224:
1223:
1219:
1212:
1198:
1181:
1171:
1169:
1162:The Ransom Note
1156:
1155:
1151:
1138:
1137:
1133:
1126:
1112:
1105:
1091:
1087:
1072:
1068:
1054:
1050:
1039:
1028:
1014:
1010:
996:
992:
977:
973:
966:
952:
948:
938:
936:
919:
915:
905:
883:
879:
864:
860:
856:
799:
758:
752:
738:, "Bad Ass" by
696:Original Nuttah
692:Tom & Jerry
680:
637:
577:
569:Conquering Lion
553:Original Nuttah
545:
540:
474:Tom & Jerry
396:
375:Jamaican reggae
299:, Mickey Finn,
232:
202:
113:
74:
28:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
4307:
4297:
4296:
4291:
4286:
4281:
4276:
4271:
4266:
4264:1990s in music
4261:
4244:
4243:
4240:
4239:
4237:
4236:
4231:
4226:
4221:
4216:
4211:
4210:
4209:
4204:
4199:
4189:
4188:
4187:
4177:
4172:
4167:
4161:
4159:
4155:
4154:
4152:
4151:
4150:
4149:
4147:Adaptive music
4139:
4134:
4129:
4124:
4119:
4114:
4109:
4104:
4099:
4098:
4097:
4087:
4082:
4076:
4074:
4070:
4069:
4067:
4066:
4065:
4064:
4059:
4049:
4048:
4047:
4042:
4037:
4035:Plunderphonics
4027:
4022:
4021:
4020:
4019:
4018:
4008:
4003:
3998:
3993:
3983:
3978:
3973:
3968:
3967:
3966:
3961:
3956:
3946:
3941:
3935:
3933:
3926:
3922:
3921:
3918:
3917:
3915:
3914:
3909:
3904:
3899:
3894:
3888:
3886:
3882:
3881:
3879:
3878:
3873:
3872:
3871:
3861:
3860:
3859:
3854:
3849:
3839:
3837:Tropical house
3834:
3829:
3824:
3819:
3814:
3813:
3812:
3810:Riddim (genre)
3807:
3797:
3792:
3790:Outsider house
3787:
3782:
3781:
3780:
3775:
3765:
3760:
3755:
3750:
3745:
3740:
3735:
3730:
3725:
3724:
3723:
3713:
3708:
3703:
3698:
3693:
3691:Brazilian bass
3688:
3683:
3681:Big room house
3678:
3673:
3668:
3663:
3657:
3655:
3651:
3650:
3648:
3647:
3642:
3637:
3632:
3630:Vocaloid music
3627:
3626:
3625:
3615:
3610:
3605:
3600:
3599:
3598:
3588:
3583:
3578:
3573:
3568:
3567:
3566:
3561:
3551:
3546:
3545:
3544:
3534:
3529:
3524:
3519:
3514:
3509:
3504:
3499:
3494:
3493:
3492:
3487:
3480:Hypnagogic pop
3477:
3472:
3471:
3470:
3460:
3455:
3450:
3449:
3448:
3443:
3438:
3428:
3427:
3426:
3416:
3411:
3410:
3409:
3399:
3394:
3389:
3384:
3379:
3374:
3368:
3366:
3362:
3361:
3359:
3358:
3357:
3356:
3351:
3341:
3340:
3339:
3334:
3329:
3319:
3318:
3317:
3312:
3307:
3302:
3297:
3292:
3287:
3282:
3277:
3272:
3267:
3257:
3256:
3255:
3245:
3240:
3235:
3230:
3225:
3220:
3215:
3214:
3213:
3203:
3202:
3201:
3194:Minimal techno
3191:
3186:
3181:
3176:
3171:
3170:
3169:
3167:Drill 'n' bass
3159:
3154:
3149:
3144:
3139:
3138:
3137:
3132:
3127:
3122:
3121:
3120:
3118:Lento violento
3110:
3105:
3100:
3095:
3090:
3085:
3083:Belgian techno
3075:
3070:
3069:
3068:
3063:
3053:
3048:
3043:
3042:
3041:
3031:
3026:
3021:
3016:
3011:
3010:
3009:
3008:
3007:
3002:
2997:
2992:
2984:
2983:
2982:
2972:
2971:
2970:
2965:
2960:
2955:
2942:
2941:
2940:
2935:
2930:
2920:
2919:
2918:
2908:
2903:
2898:
2893:
2888:
2883:
2878:
2873:
2872:
2871:
2869:Toytown techno
2866:
2864:Happy hardcore
2861:
2851:
2846:
2841:
2836:
2834:Baltimore club
2831:
2826:
2824:Ambient techno
2821:
2815:
2813:
2809:
2808:
2806:
2805:
2800:
2799:
2798:
2796:Detroit techno
2793:
2788:
2778:
2773:
2768:
2763:
2758:
2753:
2748:
2743:
2738:
2733:
2732:
2731:
2726:
2721:
2716:
2711:
2706:
2701:
2696:
2691:
2686:
2681:
2676:
2671:
2661:
2656:
2651:
2646:
2645:
2644:
2639:
2634:
2629:
2624:
2614:
2609:
2608:
2607:
2597:
2596:
2595:
2585:
2580:
2575:
2574:
2573:
2571:New jack swing
2563:
2562:
2561:
2559:Florida breaks
2551:
2546:
2545:
2544:
2534:
2528:
2526:
2522:
2521:
2519:
2518:
2513:
2508:
2507:
2506:
2501:
2496:
2486:
2485:
2484:
2479:
2474:
2464:
2459:
2458:
2457:
2447:
2446:
2445:
2435:
2430:
2425:
2420:
2415:
2410:
2405:
2404:
2403:
2392:
2390:
2386:
2385:
2383:
2382:
2381:
2380:
2370:
2369:
2368:
2363:
2358:
2348:
2343:
2338:
2333:
2328:
2323:
2318:
2313:
2307:
2305:
2301:
2300:
2298:
2297:
2292:
2287:
2282:
2277:
2272:
2271:
2270:
2265:
2260:
2250:
2248:Computer music
2245:
2240:
2239:
2238:
2233:
2232:
2231:
2221:
2216:
2211:
2209:Electric blues
2200:
2198:
2191:
2180:
2179:
2166:
2163:
2162:
2154:
2153:
2146:
2139:
2131:
2122:
2121:
2119:
2118:
2113:
2108:
2103:
2101:Florida breaks
2098:
2093:
2088:
2083:
2082:
2081:
2079:Happy hardcore
2076:
2071:
2061:
2056:
2049:Baltimore club
2046:
2040:
2037:
2036:
2029:
2028:
2021:
2014:
2006:
1997:
1996:
1994:
1993:
1988:
1983:
1978:
1973:
1972:
1971:
1966:
1956:
1951:
1946:
1945:
1944:
1934:
1929:
1924:
1919:
1917:Drill 'n' bass
1914:
1908:
1905:
1904:
1897:
1896:
1889:
1882:
1874:
1868:
1867:
1852:
1839:Martin James,
1837:
1820:
1817:
1815:
1814:
1782:
1749:
1717:
1685:
1670:
1655:
1640:
1625:
1610:
1580:
1548:
1516:
1479:
1450:
1420:
1399:"Ragga Jungle"
1390:
1360:
1329:
1322:
1304:
1274:
1267:
1249:
1217:
1210:
1179:
1149:
1146:. 10 May 2022.
1131:
1124:
1103:
1085:
1066:
1048:
1026:
1008:
990:
971:
964:
946:
913:
903:
877:
857:
855:
852:
847:RTRN II JUNGLE
818:jungle music.
798:
795:
754:Main article:
751:
748:
679:
676:
644:United Kingdom
636:
633:
576:
573:
544:
541:
539:
536:
395:
392:
383:Black Atlantic
371:Simon Reynolds
348:28 Gun Bad Boy
344:Origin Unknown
245:happy hardcore
231:
228:
210:Simon Reynolds
201:
198:
115:
114:
112:
111:
106:
101:
96:
90:
88:
84:
83:
80:
76:
75:
73:
72:
67:
62:
57:
52:
47:
41:
39:
35:
34:
26:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
4306:
4295:
4292:
4290:
4287:
4285:
4282:
4280:
4279:Drum and bass
4277:
4275:
4272:
4270:
4267:
4265:
4262:
4260:
4257:
4256:
4254:
4235:
4232:
4230:
4227:
4225:
4222:
4220:
4217:
4215:
4212:
4208:
4205:
4203:
4200:
4198:
4195:
4194:
4193:
4190:
4186:
4183:
4182:
4181:
4178:
4176:
4173:
4171:
4168:
4166:
4163:
4162:
4160:
4156:
4148:
4145:
4144:
4143:
4140:
4138:
4137:Sound collage
4135:
4133:
4130:
4128:
4125:
4123:
4120:
4118:
4115:
4113:
4110:
4108:
4105:
4103:
4100:
4096:
4093:
4092:
4091:
4088:
4086:
4085:Celtic fusion
4083:
4081:
4078:
4077:
4075:
4071:
4063:
4060:
4058:
4055:
4054:
4053:
4050:
4046:
4043:
4041:
4038:
4036:
4033:
4032:
4031:
4028:
4026:
4023:
4017:
4014:
4013:
4012:
4009:
4007:
4004:
4002:
3999:
3997:
3996:Circuit party
3994:
3992:
3989:
3988:
3987:
3984:
3982:
3979:
3977:
3974:
3972:
3969:
3965:
3962:
3960:
3957:
3955:
3952:
3951:
3950:
3947:
3945:
3942:
3940:
3937:
3936:
3934:
3930:
3927:
3923:
3913:
3910:
3908:
3905:
3903:
3900:
3898:
3895:
3893:
3890:
3889:
3887:
3883:
3877:
3874:
3870:
3867:
3866:
3865:
3862:
3858:
3855:
3853:
3850:
3848:
3845:
3844:
3843:
3840:
3838:
3835:
3833:
3830:
3828:
3825:
3823:
3820:
3818:
3815:
3811:
3808:
3806:
3803:
3802:
3801:
3798:
3796:
3793:
3791:
3788:
3786:
3783:
3779:
3776:
3774:
3771:
3770:
3769:
3766:
3764:
3761:
3759:
3756:
3754:
3751:
3749:
3748:Jungle terror
3746:
3744:
3741:
3739:
3736:
3734:
3731:
3729:
3726:
3722:
3719:
3718:
3717:
3714:
3712:
3709:
3707:
3704:
3702:
3699:
3697:
3694:
3692:
3689:
3687:
3684:
3682:
3679:
3677:
3674:
3672:
3669:
3667:
3664:
3662:
3659:
3658:
3656:
3652:
3646:
3643:
3641:
3638:
3636:
3633:
3631:
3628:
3624:
3621:
3620:
3619:
3616:
3614:
3611:
3609:
3606:
3604:
3601:
3597:
3594:
3593:
3592:
3589:
3587:
3584:
3582:
3579:
3577:
3574:
3572:
3569:
3565:
3562:
3560:
3557:
3556:
3555:
3552:
3550:
3547:
3543:
3540:
3539:
3538:
3535:
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1463:Boilerroom.tv
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1314:State Of Bass
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1259:State Of Bass
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789:in 1996. In
788:
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775:Total Science
772:
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756:Drum and bass
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470:drum and bass
467:
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456:, Kemet, and
455:
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449:weekly show.
448:
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437:launched its
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364:Noise Factory
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317:Suburban Base
314:
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309:Moving Shadow
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220:Moving Shadow
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194:drum and bass
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176:, as well as
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36:
31:
19:
4259:Jungle music
4197:Drum machine
4107:Doujin music
4095:Lounge music
4052:Street dance
4006:EDM festival
3959:Sound system
3925:Other topics
3800:Post-dubstep
3753:Lofi hip hop
3728:Future house
3554:Reductionism
3522:Nintendocore
3446:Fidget house
3397:Coupé-décalé
3337:Speed garage
3152:Indietronica
3056:Ghetto house
3034:French house
3024:Electroclash
2980:Ragga jungle
2974:
2891:Dark electro
2791:Bleep techno
2771:Sophisti-pop
2709:Jersey sound
2622:Funk carioca
2578:Dark ambient
2482:Minimal wave
2173:
2167:
2105:
1969:Ragga jungle
1958:
1855:
1840:
1825:
1805:. Retrieved
1794:
1785:
1773:. Retrieved
1764:The Guardian
1762:
1752:
1740:. Retrieved
1729:
1720:
1708:. Retrieved
1697:
1688:
1679:
1673:
1664:
1658:
1649:
1643:
1634:
1628:
1619:
1613:
1601:. Retrieved
1592:
1583:
1571:. Retrieved
1560:
1551:
1539:. Retrieved
1528:
1519:
1513:
1504:. Retrieved
1497:
1493:
1489:
1482:
1471:. Retrieved
1462:
1453:
1441:. Retrieved
1432:
1423:
1411:. Retrieved
1402:
1393:
1383:23 September
1381:. Retrieved
1372:
1363:
1352:. Retrieved
1348:the original
1341:
1332:
1313:
1307:
1295:. Retrieved
1286:
1277:
1258:
1252:
1240:. Retrieved
1229:
1220:
1201:
1170:. Retrieved
1161:
1152:
1143:
1134:
1115:
1098:
1094:
1088:
1079:
1075:
1069:
1061:
1057:
1051:
1042:
1021:
1017:
1011:
1003:
999:
993:
984:
981:Energy Flash
980:
974:
955:
949:
937:. Retrieved
926:
916:
908:
888:
880:
871:
861:
845:
839:
834:
828:
820:
816:
808:
790:
787:The Observer
786:
759:
681:
657:
653:
638:
609:Ready or Not
578:
546:
543:Ragga jungle
501:
496:
490:
486:FFRR Records
460:. Of these,
451:
446:
439:Givin' It Up
438:
432:
427:
424:Jungle Mania
423:
420:General Levy
409:
368:
333:
321:pirate radio
313:V Recordings
281:
273:
261:sound system
233:
215:Energy Flash
213:
203:
142:sound system
119:
118:
18:Ragga jungle
4207:Synthesizer
4112:Lo-fi music
4057:House dance
4040:Rare groove
3964:Turntablism
3949:Disc jockey
3897:Drift phonk
3778:Moombahsoul
3773:Moombahcore
3733:Future soul
3716:Future bass
3711:Funktronica
3696:Bro-country
3635:Witch house
3603:Tecno brega
3497:Jersey club
3441:Dutch house
3295:Progressive
3233:Power noise
3179:Livetronica
3029:Folktronica
3005:Liquid funk
2995:Intelligent
2990:Atmospheric
2881:Changa tuki
2876:Broken beat
2819:Ambient dub
2786:Acid techno
2776:Synth-metal
2637:Tecnocumbia
2549:Ambient pop
2504:Italo disco
2423:Electropunk
2401:Space disco
2373:Space music
2366:Sampledelia
2175:Electronica
2091:Broken beat
2053:Jersey club
2044:Acid breaks
1976:Liquid funk
1942:Atmospheric
1937:Intelligent
1731:DJ Magazine
1699:DJ Magazine
1231:DJ Magazine
1204:. Picador.
983:. Picador.
939:25 December
831:Congo Natty
736:DJ Dextrous
641:Thatcherite
621:Bad Company
599:, "R.I.P" (
565:Cutty Ranks
494:documentary
478:rare groove
443:BBC Radio 1
428:Jungle Hits
265:We Are I.E.
4253:Categories
4180:Drum break
4127:Rave music
4117:Madchester
4080:Bass music
4062:Rave dance
4011:Free party
3976:Microgenre
3847:Hardvapour
3785:Mumble rap
3768:Moombahton
3758:Mahraganat
3686:Black MIDI
3596:Sovietwave
3571:Russ music
3502:Juke house
3475:Hauntology
3436:Complextro
3424:Reggaestep
3189:Microhouse
3184:Merenhouse
3103:Frenchcore
3098:Free tekno
3066:Ghettotech
3014:Dub techno
2911:Diva house
2906:Disco polo
2896:Denpa song
2839:Bhangragga
2751:Miami bass
2642:Turbo-folk
2612:Electropop
2583:Dubtronica
2499:Dance-rock
2494:Dance-punk
2489:Post-disco
2450:Industrial
2428:Euro disco
2378:Space rock
2268:Tape music
2158:Electronic
1864:0954889703
1849:0752223232
1834:0330350560
1473:2023-05-16
1354:2019-01-15
1323:0752223232
1268:0752223232
1211:0330350560
1078:. Vision.
1060:. Vision.
1045:: 131–180.
1020:. Vision.
1002:. Vision.
874:: 140-141.
854:References
824:Tim Reaper
716:Sweet Love
712:Incredible
660:breakbeats
563:featuring
528:Alex Reece
418:featuring
412:Incredible
297:DJ Randall
271:bassline.
186:Amen break
154:syncopated
152:, heavily
150:breakbeats
137:scene and
4274:Breakbeat
3981:Nightclub
3944:Club drug
3939:Beat drop
3842:Vaporwave
3817:Rara tech
3706:Dreampunk
3661:Afroswing
3645:Wonky pop
3591:Synthwave
3559:Lowercase
3517:Nightcore
3507:Jumpstyle
3485:Chillwave
3407:Crunkcore
3392:Cloud rap
3372:Afrobeats
3332:Breakstep
3322:UK garage
3310:Uplifting
3248:Reggaeton
3228:Post-rock
3174:Kidandali
3135:Speedcore
3113:Hardstyle
3093:Breakcore
3051:Futurepop
2963:Neurofunk
2923:Downtempo
2714:Hip house
2654:Eurodance
2593:Freestyle
2554:Breakbeat
2532:Acid jazz
2516:Synth-pop
2477:Dark wave
2472:Cold wave
2462:Japanoise
2418:Dancehall
2336:Krautrock
2331:Jazz-funk
2086:Breakcore
2033:Breakbeat
1981:Neurofunk
1775:18 August
1429:"Jump-Up"
1076:All Crews
1058:All Crews
1018:All Crews
1000:All Crews
840:In 2018,
767:LTJ Bukem
740:Aphrodite
732:Kenny Ken
720:Deep Blue
704:Roni Size
684:Leviticus
668:dancehall
639:The post-
625:DJ Hazard
589:bass line
579:In 1995,
512:Roni Size
482:Leviticus
462:Roni Size
404:Channel 4
379:dub music
360:X Project
305:Kenny Ken
200:Etymology
174:dancehall
162:basslines
109:UK garage
60:dancehall
4234:Waveform
4030:Sampling
4016:Teknival
3869:Hardwave
3852:Mallsoft
3832:EDM trap
3827:Shamstep
3738:Hyperpop
3671:Amapiano
3666:Algorave
3623:Funkstep
3618:UK funky
3564:Onkyokei
3542:New rave
3377:Bassline
3354:Hard NRG
3349:Hardbass
3285:Hands Up
3270:Balearic
3218:Nu metal
3199:Schaffel
3147:Illbient
3078:Hardcore
3061:Footwork
3039:Nu disco
3000:Jazzstep
2968:Techstep
2958:Hardstep
2953:Darkstep
2938:Trip hop
2933:Psybient
2859:Darkcore
2844:Big beat
2756:New beat
2649:Eurobeat
2467:New wave
2413:Chiptune
2243:Biomusic
2074:Darkcore
2059:Big beat
1991:Techstep
1964:Darkcore
1949:Jazzstep
1932:Hardstep
1927:Drumstep
1922:Drumfunk
1912:Darkstep
1801:Archived
1769:Archived
1736:Archived
1704:Archived
1597:Archived
1567:Archived
1535:Archived
1530:Time Out
1500:Archived
1496:Dummymag
1467:Archived
1437:Archived
1407:Archived
1377:Archived
1291:Archived
1236:Archived
1166:Archived
933:Archived
728:Dillinja
629:Pendulum
585:hardstep
508:Dillinja
435:Kiss 100
336:darkcore
287:such as
257:Rebel MC
249:darkcore
224:Top Buzz
206:Rebel MC
139:Jamaican
4202:Sampler
3932:Culture
3822:Seapunk
3805:Brostep
3613:UK bass
3576:Sambass
3549:Rabòday
3468:Grindie
3419:Dubstep
3206:Nu jazz
2916:Hardbag
2684:Chicago
2674:Ambient
2588:Electro
2438:Hip hop
2311:Ambient
1986:Sambass
1954:Jump-up
1807:14 June
1742:14 June
1603:14 June
1593:Ukf.com
1573:14 June
1541:14 June
1506:14 June
1443:15 June
1433:12 Edit
1413:15 June
1403:12 Edit
1297:14 June
1242:14 June
1172:14 June
1081:worked.
783:Optical
763:Ed Rush
724:DJ Zinc
672:electro
601:DJ Hype
593:DJ Zinc
581:jump-up
575:Jump-up
325:Kool FM
293:DJ Hype
230:Origins
212:' book
178:hip hop
158:samples
99:dubstep
65:hip hop
4132:Reggae
4073:Genres
4045:Riddim
3971:Mashup
3954:DJ mix
3676:Azonto
3608:Trival
3586:Skweee
3527:Nortec
3490:Glo-fi
3382:Budots
3327:2-step
3260:Trance
3253:Dembow
3243:Psydub
3130:Mákina
3125:J-core
3108:Gabber
3073:Glitch
3046:Funkot
2986:Light
2975:Jungle
2949:Heavy
2849:Bitpop
2781:Techno
2729:Tribal
2694:Garage
2632:Kwaito
2627:Kuduro
2433:Hi-NRG
2408:Boogie
2184:Genres
2106:Jungle
2069:4-beat
1959:Jungle
1862:
1847:
1832:
1320:
1265:
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1122:
962:
901:
812:Shy FX
779:Goldie
771:Photek
761:&
708:DJ Die
706:&
700:Shy FX
688:DJ Ron
664:reggae
649:techno
617:Andy C
615:&
613:Shimon
605:Fugees
597:Shy FX
561:Hitman
557:Shy FX
549:reggae
458:DJ Ron
416:M-Beat
388:spliff
356:DJ Ron
329:Don FM
303:, and
301:DJ Rap
289:DJ Ron
241:4-beat
170:reggae
120:Jungle
50:reggae
33:Jungle
4158:Tools
4102:Disco
4025:Remix
3885:2020s
3795:Plugg
3654:2010s
3640:Wonky
3532:Phonk
3463:Grime
3402:Crunk
3365:2000s
3315:Vocal
3275:Dream
2812:1990s
2766:Ragga
2719:Latin
2704:Italo
2699:Funky
2664:House
2659:Grebo
2542:Baggy
2525:1980s
2389:1970s
2316:Drone
2304:1960s
2285:Noise
2197:Early
1710:7 May
1682:: 94.
1652:: 93.
1637:: 92.
1622:: 93.
744:DJ SS
698:" by
532:Krust
466:4hero
414:" by
350:" by
342:" by
269:ragga
124:genre
122:is a
104:grime
4219:MIDI
4185:List
4165:Bass
4001:Doof
3986:Rave
3912:Rage
3864:Wave
3743:Gqom
3305:Tech
3290:Hard
3265:Acid
2724:Tech
2689:Deep
2669:Acid
2224:Rock
2219:Jùjú
1860:ISBN
1845:ISBN
1830:ISBN
1809:2020
1777:2020
1744:2020
1712:2021
1605:2020
1575:2020
1543:2020
1508:2020
1445:2020
1415:2020
1385:2020
1318:ISBN
1299:2020
1263:ISBN
1244:2020
1206:ISBN
1174:2020
1120:ISBN
960:ISBN
941:2020
899:ISBN
781:and
627:and
530:and
524:Zinc
520:Hype
504:jazz
464:and
426:and
277:MDMA
234:The
190:jazz
182:funk
180:and
172:and
135:rave
70:funk
3300:Psy
3280:Goa
2321:Dub
1343:BFI
710:, "
694:, "
607:' "
516:Die
285:DJs
166:dub
126:of
55:dub
4255::
2186:by
2172:·
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132:UK
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