307:
482:
777:
1106:
814:
975:
1088:
1174:
1148:
658:, identified a culture and people that were ancestors of the Hohokam who might have occupied southern Arizona as early as 2000 BCE. This prehistoric group from the Early Agricultural Period grew corn, lived year-round in sedentary villages, and developed sophisticated irrigation canals from the beginning of the common era to about the middle of the 15th century. Within a larger context, the Hohokam culture area inhabited a central trade position between the
1136:
963:
1124:
1379:
1207:
154:
1001:
of the vegetable supplies that are to be found in the markets. They were until very lately the only people in New Mexico who cultivated the grape. They also maintain at the present time considerable herds of cattle, horses, etc. They are, in short, a remarkably sober and industrious race, conspicuous for morality and honesty, and very little given to quarreling or dissipation ...
931:, and Indian servants and retainers, who were scattered thinly throughout the region. Starting early on 10 August 1680, Popé and leaders of each of the Pueblos sent a knotted rope carried by a runner to the next Pueblo; the number of knots signified the number of days to wait before beginning the uprising. Finally, on 21 August, 2,500 Puebloan warriors took the colony's capital
1600:), including by speakers of other Puebloan languages. Centuries of trade and intermarriages between the groups are reflected in the names given to the same Pueblo in each of the languages. The table below contains the names of the New Mexican pueblos and Hopi using the official or practical orthographies of the languages. Despite not being a Puebloan language,
636:, houses excavated into the ground surface with a stick and thatch roofs supported by a network of posts and beams, and faced on the exterior with earth. Village sizes increased over time so that by the 11th century CE villages composed of ground level dwellings of rock and earth walls and wooden beam-supported roofs were the norm.
650:, used to define an archaeological culture that relied on irrigation canals to water their crops since as early as the 9th century CE. Their irrigation system techniques allowed for its adherents to expand into the largest population in the Southwest by 1300. Archaeologists working at a major archaeological dig in the 1990s in the
879:. Four of the medicine men were sentenced to death by hanging; three of those sentences were carried out, while the fourth prisoner committed suicide. The remaining men were publicly whipped and sentenced to prison. When the news of the killings and public humiliation reached Pueblo leaders, they moved in force to
801:, New Mexico, contained around 700 rooms in five stories; it may have housed as many as 1000 persons. Pueblo buildings are constructed as complex apartments with numerous rooms, often built in strategic defensive positions. The most highly developed were large villages or pueblos situated at the very top of the
1528:
speakers. Also spelled 'Isleta del Sur Pueblo'.) This Pueblo was established in 1680 as a result of the Pueblo Revolt. Some 400 members of Isleta, Socorro, and neighboring pueblos were forced out or accompanied the
Spaniards to El Paso as they fled Northern New Mexico. The Spanish fathers established
1221:. A man might bless his son, or some land, or the town by sprinkling a handful of meal as he uttered a blessing. After the 1692 re-conquest, the Spanish were prevented from entering one town when they were met by a handful of men who uttered imprecations and cast a single pinch of a sacred substance.
1000:
When these regions were first discovered it appears that the inhabitants lived in comfortable houses and cultivated the soil, as they have continued to do up to the present time. Indeed, they are now considered the best horticulturists in the country, furnishing most of the fruits and a large portion
784:
By about 700 to 900 CE, the
Puebloans began to move away from ancient pit houses dug in cliffs and to construct connected rectangular rooms arranged in apartment-like structures made of adobe and adapted to sites. By 1050, they had developed planned villages composed of large terraced buildings, each
1202:
Puebloan peoples in the 16th century believed in
Katsina spirits. Katsinas are supernatural beings who are representatives of Pueblo ancestors. They live for half the year in the underworld with the gods and spend the rest of the year with their descendants on earth. Katsinas have the power to take
855:
in 1540–41, which temporarily halted
Spanish advances in present-day New Mexico. The 17th century's revolt was a direct consequence of growing discontent among the Northern Pueblos against the abuses by the Spaniards, which finally brewed into a large organized uprising against European colonizers.
831:
arrived at the end of the 16th century as part of an apostolic mission to convert the
Natives. Despite initial peaceful contact, Spain's attempts to dispose of the Pueblo religion and replace it with Catholicism became increasingly more aggressive, and were met with great resistance by Puebloans,
1268:
Diego de Vargas re-entered Pueblo territory, though it was not until 1696 that he gained control over the entire Rio Grande Pueblo area. The
Spaniards had learned from the Pueblo Revolt and were gentler in their demands in the next century and a half. However, the Pueblos had learned as well and
1231:
Religious ceremonies usually feature traditional dances that are held outdoors in the large common areas and courtyards, which are accompanied by singing and drumming. Unlike kiva ceremonies, traditional dances may be open to non-Puebloans. Traditional dances are considered a form of prayer, and
1243:
Traditionally, all outside visitors to a public dance would be offered a meal afterward in a Pueblo home. Because of the numerous outside tourists who have attended these dances in the pueblos since the late 20th century, such meals are now open to outsiders by personal invitation only. Private
1248:
and only tribal members may participate according to specific rules pertaining to each Pueblo's religion. One of the primary goals of
Spanish colonists in the 17th century was to convert the Natives in New Spain to Christianity. Franciscan priests had prepared for a long process of conversion,
293:
Pueblo nations have maintained much of their traditional cultures, which center around agricultural practices, a tight-knit community revolving around family clans, and respect for tradition. Puebloans have been remarkably adept at preserving their culture and core religious beliefs, including
1237:
Since time immemorial, Pueblo communities have celebrated seasonal cycles through prayer, song, and dance. These dances connect us to our ancestors, community, and traditions while honoring gifts from our
Creator. They ensure that life continues and that connections to the past and future are
1224:
The Pueblo peoples used ritual 'prayer sticks', which were colorfully decorated with beads, fur, and feathers. These prayer sticks (or 'talking sticks') were similar to those used by other Native
American nations. By the 13th century, Puebloans used turkey feather blankets for warmth.
785:
with many rooms. These apartment-house villages were often constructed on defensive sites: on ledges of massive rock, on flat summits, or on steep-sided mesas, locations that would afford the
Puebloans protection from raiding parties originating from the north, such as the
1548:
flooded the valley or changed course, as it commonly has over the centuries, these missions have sometimes been associated with Mexico or with Texas due to the changes. Socorro and San Elizario are still separate communities; Ysleta has been annexed by El
555:
tells that humans emerged from the underground. They emphasize four or six cardinal directions as part of their sacred cosmology, beginning in the north. Four and seven are numbers considered significant in their rituals and symbolism. In contrast, the
758:. They were occupied by hundreds to thousands of Ancestral Pueblo peoples. These population complexes hosted cultural and civic events and infrastructure that supported a vast outlying region hundreds of miles away linked by transportation roadways.
1057:
language. Another theory, more accepted among scholars, is that between 4300 BCE and 2100 BCE maize was diffused northward from group to group rather than by migrants. There is evidence that maize was initially cultivated in the Southwest during a
749:
walls. Design details from Ancestral Puebloan villages contain elements from cultures as far away as present-day Mexico. In their day, these ancient towns and cities were usually multistoried and multi-purposed buildings surrounding open
859:
The events that led to the Pueblo Revolt go back at least a decade before the formal uprising began. In the 1670s, severe drought swept the region, which caused both a famine among the Pueblo and increased the frequency of raids by the
1591:
Although most present-day pueblos are known by their Spanish or anglicized Spanish name, each Pueblo has a unique name in each of the different languages spoken in the area. The names used by each Pueblo to refer to their village
1080:
The various Pueblo communities have different traditions regarding the making and decoration of pottery artifacts. Present-day archaeologists date the use of pottery by Puebloans dating back the early centuries of the Common Era.
314:
Despite various similarities in cultural and religious practices, scholars have proposed divisions of contemporary Pueblos into smaller groups based on linguistic and individual manifestations of the broader Puebloan culture.
3403:
digital collection contains nine anthropological and archaeological monographs and edited volumes representing the past several decades of research at the SMU-in-Taos (Fort Burgwin) campus near Taos, New Mexico, including
627:
features are common among Mimbres branch sites which date from the 10th through 12th centuries CE. The nature and density of Mogollon residential villages changed through time; the earliest Mogollon villages were small
2489:
1045:
at very early dates, the first evidence of maize cultivation in the Southwest dates from about 2100 BCE. Small, fairly undomesticated maize cobs have been found at five different sites in New Mexico and Arizona.
1053:(i.e., present-day Mexico) and was rapidly adopted by peoples in the region. One theory states that maize cultivation was carried northward from central Mexico by migrating farmers, most likely speakers of a
1556:, abandoned 2nd half of the fifteenth c., excavated beginning 1980. Illustrates the evolution from pit-houses to a linear array of 15–17 rooms. The walls were coursed adobe; the floors were plastered
298:
Pueblo Christianity. Exact numbers of Pueblo peoples are unknown but, in the 21st century, some 75,000 Pueblo people live predominantly in New Mexico and Arizona, but also in Texas and elsewhere.
883:, where the prisoners were held. Because a large number of Spanish soldiers were away fighting the Apache, Governor Treviño was forced to release the prisoners. Among those released was an
1191:
appear as visionary beings who bring blessings and receive love. A vast collection of religious stories explore the relationships among people and nature, including plants and animals.
1019:
in their cloth-making. Since woven clothing is laborious and time-consuming, every-day style of dress for working around the villages has been sparer. The men often wore breechcloths.
741:. These villages were accessible only by rope or through rock climbing. However, the first Ancestral Puebloan homes and villages were based on the pit-house, a common feature in the
847:
that started in 1680 was the first led by a Native American group to successfully expel colonists from North America for a considerable number of years. It followed the successful
508:
contrasted the peoples of the Eastern and Western Pueblos, based largely on their subsistence farming techniques. The Western or Desert Pueblos of the Zuni and Hopi specialize in
1256:, assigned by Spanish missionaries so that each Pueblo's feast day would coincide with one of the people's existing traditional ceremonies. About the imposition of Christianity,
2297:
Pre-contact population size of Puebloans was possibly as high as up to 313,000 people accommodated across at least 110 towns (pueblos), according to authors and sources such as
2269:. However, the tone is not usually shown in the spelling of these languages save for Navajo, Towa, and Tewa. In the table above, a low tone is left unmarked in the orthography.
568:. Their creation story recounts the emergence of people from underwater. They use five directions, beginning in the west. Their ritual numbers are based on multiples of three.
1529:
three missions (Ysleta, Socorro, and San Elizario) on the Camino Real between Santa Fe and Mexico City. The San Elizario mission was administrative (that is, non-Puebloan).
895:
far from the capital of Santa Fe and spent the next five years seeking support for a revolt among the 46 Pueblo villages. He was able to gain the support of the Northern
1249:
building churches and missions all around Pueblo country. Some of the Pueblos' feast days are a product of that process. Feast days are held on the day sacred to its
942:), the leader of the Pueblo Revolt, was unveiled in the Capitol Rotunda in Washington, D.C. The statue was the second commissioned by the state of New Mexico for the
335:, and most other linguistic aspects. As a result, each Pueblo language is not easily understood by speakers of the other languages, with English now working as the
516:
farmers of the Eastern or River Pueblos. Both groups cultivate mostly corn (maize), but squash and beans have also been staple Pueblo foods all around the region.
991:
1232:
strict rules of conduct apply to those who wish to attend one (e.g. no clapping or walking across the dance area or between the dancers, singers, or drummers).
1484:
745:
periods. Villages consisted of apartment-like complexes and structures made from stone, adobe mud, and other local materials, or were carved into the sides of
1507:
2313:. During the 20th and 21st centuries their population has rebounded and as of year 2020 they numbered in the USA 78,884 including 52,369 in New Mexico.
2988:
840:
leader for both material and spiritual matters. Over the years, Spaniards' methods grew harsher, leading to a series of revolts by the Puebloans.
927:, 120 and 200 miles respectively west of the Rio Grande. At the time, the Spanish population was of about 2,400 colonists, including mixed-blood
623:
who augmented their subsistence through the development of farming. Around the first millennium CE farming became the main means to obtain food.
1087:
560:-speaking Puebloans (other than Jemez) have a patrilineal kinship system, with children considered born into their father's clan. They practice
3454:
3444:
1265:
The Spanish government demanded labor and tribute from the Pueblos and vigorously attempted to suppress native religion. (...) In that year
581:
Puebloan societies contain elements of three major cultures that dominated the Southwest United States region before European contact: the
2963:
3341:
American Anthropologist, New Series, Vol. 45, No. 2, Centenary of the American Ethnological Society (Apr. – Jun. 1943), pp. 244–255
827:
Before 1598, Spanish exploration of the present-day Pueblo areas was limited to several transitory groups. A group of colonizers led by
3439:
1278:
and processions on the Pueblo's feast day. Some Pueblos also hold sacred ceremonies around Christmas and at other Christian holidays.
722:
705:
eras, from about 900 to 1350 CE in total. The best-preserved examples of the stone dwellings are now protected within United States'
3449:
1028:
1147:
1105:
2463:
714:
598:
493:
323:
The clearest division between Puebloans relates to the languages they speak. Pueblo peoples speak languages from four distinct
504:
Anthropologists have studied Pueblo peoples extensively and published various classifications of their subdivisions. In 1950,
489:
170:
105:
564:, or marriage within the clan. They have two kivas or two groups of kivas in their pueblos. Their belief system is based in
255:
3018:
2901:"There's No Such Thing As "Prehistory": What the Longue Duree of Caddo and Pueblo History Tells Us about Colonial America"
1444:
architecture. Established in the 11th century, it is one of the oldest continuously inhabited places in the United States.
1217:
Pueblo prayer included substances as well as words; one common prayer material was ground-up maize – white
967:
767:
2763:
738:
3221:
3320:
2889:, Dover Publications, Inc, 1970, first published by the Laboratory of Anthropology, Santa Fe, New Mexico (1937), p. 1
2742:
2528:
2503:
943:
2797:
270:
contains the largest number of federally recognized Pueblo communities, though some Pueblo communities also live in
1059:
401:
852:
3295:
in Albuquerque, NM offers information from the Pueblo people about their history, culture, and visitor etiquette.
3309:. Vol. 1, Indians and Spain. Vol. 2, Mexico and the United States. 2 Vols. in 1. Wesleyan University Press 1991.
1269:
maintained their ceremonial life out of the view of the Spaniards, while adopting a veneer of Roman Catholicism.
3429:
3176:
3103:
2710:
2560:
1115:
916:
405:
17:
1303:. Established in the 12th century, it is one of the oldest continuously inhabited places in the United States.
543:
kinship systems: children are considered born into their mother's clan and must marry a spouse outside it, an
726:
371:
1135:
1123:
2977:
346:: family to which Western and Eastern Keres belong, considered by some a language isolate consisting of a
3243:
734:
730:
1368:(formerly San Juan) – Tewa speakers. Headquarters of the Eight Northern Indian Pueblos Council. Home of
1178:
413:
259:
3244:"Distribution of American Indian tribes: Pueblo People in the USA | County Ethnic Groups | Statimetric"
1441:
1387:
1203:
the form of clouds and bring rain for agricultural fields. They heal disease and also cause disease.
966:
A Zuni drying platform for maize and other foods, with two women crafting pottery beneath it. From the
697:
is known for the stone and earth dwellings its people built along cliff walls, particularly during the
655:
409:
174:
77:
1037:
for Pueblo peoples. Although it is possible that different groups may have grown local plants such as
864:. Neither Spanish nor Pueblo soldiers were able to prevent the attacks by the Apache raiding parties.
3434:
3424:
3315:, Marica Keegan, Clear Light Publishers, Santa Fe, New Mexico, 1998, profusely illustrated hardback,
3300:
Education at the Edge of Empire: Negotiating Pueblo Identity in New Mexico's Indian Boarding Schools.
979:
397:
33:
1362:
speakers. Established in the 14th century. Was an important trading center for the Northern Pueblos.
868:
1402:– Tiwa speakers. Established in the 14th century. Located on the northern outskirts of Albuquerque.
951:
718:
710:
602:
594:
536:
387:
380:
stock to which the Tanoan (or Puebloan) branch belongs, consisting of three separate sub-branches:
217:
3201:
1467:
1339:
1323:
935:
from Spanish control, killing many colonizers, the remainder of whom were successfully expelled.
367:
194:
3082:
2306:
1431:
177:
who share common agricultural, material, and religious practices. Among the currently inhabited
1415:
1275:
377:
359:
3400:
3059:
1414:– Tewa speakers. Famous for its valuable black-on-black pottery. Located between Pojoaque and
2411:
2407:
1579:
1513:
1228:
Most of the Pueblos hold annual sacred ceremonies, some of which are now open to the public.
121:
101:
3047:
2987:
978:
Stone mortar and pestle used for grinding corn and grains, AD 900–1300, Spurgeon Draw site,
306:
2840:
1411:
1365:
1093:
932:
919:
Pueblo, 50 miles east of the Rio Grande pledged its participation in the revolt as did the
884:
880:
481:
417:
186:
2309:. By year 1907 the population of Puebloans was decimated to just over 11,300 according to
8:
3325:
3209:. Publications of the Polish Sociological Institute. London: Macmillan. pp. 318–543.
2323:
2302:
771:
742:
694:
683:
647:
565:
363:
221:
2844:
2809:
1454:
of 1680, Camel Rock Monument, and its ceramic Rain God figurines. Located near Santa Fe.
2920:
2863:
2828:
2627:
2549:
2278:
2270:
2266:
1613:
1604:
names are also included due to prolonged contact between them and the several Pueblos.
1461:
1427:
1192:
876:
245:
201:
are some of the most commonly known. Pueblo people speak languages from four different
3372:
228:
is sometimes used to refer to ancestral Pueblo people, but it is now largely avoided.
3316:
3289:
Southwestern Journal of Anthropology, Vol. 15, No. 4 (Winter, 1959), pp. 325–347
3274:
Saint James' Catapult: The Life and Times of Diego Gelmírez of Santiago de Compostela
3182:
3172:
3109:
3099:
2924:
2868:
2782:
2759:
2738:
2716:
2706:
2566:
2556:
2524:
2499:
2348:
2298:
1405:
1309:– Keres speakers. Known for its ceramic storyteller figurines, drums, and the nearby
912:
679:
347:
343:
324:
141:
117:
2916:
2912:
2858:
2848:
2619:
2368:
1553:
1521:
1421:
675:
616:
613:
582:
469:
445:
355:
113:
2623:
2438:
828:
813:
2900:
2493:
1601:
1393:
974:
786:
651:
643:
620:
590:
586:
233:
202:
1322:
speakers. Established in the 14th century. Located on the southern outskirts of
3022:
2833:
Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
2665:
2378:
2363:
1537:
1517:
1447:
1306:
1296:
1250:
1168:
1154:
1097:
1075:
904:
896:
706:
702:
663:
637:
552:
540:
520:
283:
3409:
3405:
1173:
954:. It is the only statue in the collection to be created by a Native American.
776:
3418:
3186:
3071:
2670:"Gatherers and Farmers in the Greater Southwest: A Problem in Classification"
2358:
2353:
2338:
2289:
is shown either by doubling of the character or, in Zuni, by adding a colon.
1541:
1494:
1471:
1451:
1399:
1373:
1359:
1349:
1333:
1319:
1315:
1257:
1211:
1063:
1012:
946:; it was the 100th and last to be added to the collection. It was created by
844:
794:
698:
523:
published a division of Pueblo peoples into two groups based on culture. The
497:
485:
465:
459:
441:
437:
427:
393:
383:
351:
336:
145:
125:
109:
2950:
2853:
2720:
2570:
3355:
3113:
2872:
2328:
2310:
2286:
2265:
With the exception of Zuni, all Puebloan languages, as well as Navajo, are
1533:
1355:
1352:– Keres speakers. Known for its well-preserved 17th century mission church.
1329:
1292:
1253:
986:
947:
872:
798:
686:
in northern Arizona, northern New Mexico, southwest Colorado, and southern
606:
532:
332:
190:
1474:
speakers. Known for being the first Pueblo visited by the Spanish in 1540.
2774:
2383:
2373:
1575:
1437:
1310:
1111:
1054:
1050:
1042:
1034:
1016:
920:
892:
528:
509:
455:
182:
209:
systems and agricultural practices, although all cultivate varieties of
3285:
2644:
2333:
2282:
1545:
1457:
1011:
The Puebloans are traditional weavers of cloth and have used textiles,
848:
667:
624:
513:
505:
396:: the most widespread Tanoan language with several dialects, spoken at
295:
279:
267:
85:
3337:
2829:"The Diffusion of Maize to the Southwest United States and its Impact"
2631:
2607:
1343:
1185:
962:
908:
837:
633:
544:
287:
3062:
Tigua Indian Cultural Center Address 305 Yaya Lane El Paso, TX 79907
2786:
3277:
2982:
2669:
1218:
867:
The unrest among the Pueblos came to a head in 1675, when Governor
755:
561:
423:
Tiwa: the only Tanoan sub-branch consisting of separate languages:
3389:
1378:
1049:
Maize reached the present-day Southwest via an unknown route from
1557:
1206:
1196:
928:
833:
659:
629:
431:
328:
271:
206:
137:
89:
1369:
939:
888:
832:
whose governmental structure was based around the figure of the
3384:
3379:
3348:, Vol. 9, Southwest. Washington: Smithsonian Institution, 1976.
3292:
3083:
Texas beyond history: Firecracker Pueblo, El Paso County, Texas
2814:, Chapter 14: "The Pueblos", p. 55. New York: Henry G. Langley.
2274:
1562:
1430:– Tewa speakers. Established in the 16th century. Located near
1260:, an Ohkay Owingeh anthropologist and Pueblo specialist states:
861:
790:
746:
671:
557:
178:
3096:
The Navajo language : a grammar and colloquial dictionary
3005:
Handbook of the North American Indian – Volume 9 The Southwest
2551:
Pueblo nations : eight centuries of Pueblo Indian history
2523:. St. Remy Press and Smithsonian Institution. pp. 18–19.
2495:
Religious Transformation in the Late Pre-Hispanic Pueblo World
1596:) usually differ from those given to them by outsiders (their
761:
218:
have lived in the American Southwest for millennia and descend
3098:(1st ed.). Albuquerque: University of New Mexico Press.
1281:
1188:
1038:
751:
612:
Archeological evidence suggests that people partaking in the
275:
263:
1184:
In Native communities of the Southwest's belief system, the
32:"Pueblo Indians" redirects here. For the baseball team, see
3394:
3286:
An Outline of Laguna Pueblo History and Social Organization
2406:'Tigua' is pronounced 'Tiwa', and is its Spanish spelling.
2343:
1490:
1300:
1245:
924:
900:
802:
687:
548:
524:
426:
Northern Tiwa: a language with two dialects, one spoken at
210:
198:
153:
327:, which means these languages are completely different in
2433:
2431:
1274:
The public observances may also include a Roman Catholic
262:, they came across complex, multistory villages built of
2756:
Red, White and Black: The Peoples of Early North America
2608:"American Indian Linguistics in the Southwest: Comments"
678:
in eastern Arizona, southwest New Mexico, and northwest
1460:– Keres speakers. Known for their sun symbol, which is
1336:
speakers. Known for its runners and running ceremonies.
3076:
2428:
1485:
List of ancient dwellings of Pueblo peoples in Arizona
3307:
Great River: The Rio Grande in North American History
1342:(formerly Santo Domingo) – Keres speakers. Known for
3127:
2887:
Pueblo Designs: 176 Illustrations of the "Rain Bird"
1544:(which is now within El Paso city limits). When the
1508:
List of ancient dwellings of Pueblo peoples in Texas
2737:St. Remy Press and Smithsonian Institution (1994);
2680:, No. 4, Southwest Issue (August 1954), pp. 529–550
2555:(1st ed.). Santa Fe, New Mexico: Clear Light.
205:, and each Pueblo is further divided culturally by
157:
Pueblos in New Mexico, among other Indigenous lands
2548:
891:. After being released, Popé took up residence in
640:became common during the 13th and 14th centuries.
1390:– Tiwa speakers. Known for its micaceous pottery.
805:, the rocky tablelands typical to the Southwest.
3416:
2661:
2659:
2657:
915:-speaking Pueblos of the Rio Grande Valley. The
2700:
2593:Kiowa-Tanoan: A Synchronic and Diachronic Study
258:began in the 16th-century with the founding of
3313:Pueblo People, Ancient Traditions Modern Lives
808:
472:, currently spoken exclusively at Zuni Pueblo.
3352:Keleher, Julia M.; Chant, Elsie Ruth (2009).
2654:
1574:exist in the stone floors of caves of nearby
1396:– Tewa speakers. Re-established in the 1930s.
440:: also consisting of two dialects, spoken at
244:, hence Pueblo peoples' rejection of it (see
3351:
2595:. Albuquerque, NM: University of New Mexico.
1199:spirits figure prominently in some myths.
938:On 22 September 2005, the statue of Po'pay (
3166:
3093:
1244:sacred ceremonies are conducted inside the
762:Development of architecture and city-states
571:
462:belongs, spoken exclusively at Hopi Pueblo.
3354:The Padre of Islets – The Story of Father
3222:"Taos Pueblo and Its Neighbors, 1540–1847"
3203:Primitive society and its vital statistics
3094:Young, Robert W.; Morgan, William (1980).
2951:"Turkeys domesticated not once, but twice"
2649:Social Organization of the Western Pueblos
1282:List of federally recognized Pueblo tribes
3199:
3193:
3167:Albert, Roy; Shaul, David Leedom (1985).
3048:(1976; updated 12 Aug 2020) Tigua Indians
2862:
2852:
871:ordered the arrest of forty-seven Pueblo
723:Canyons of the Ancients National Monument
318:
310:Tribal Council Building, Isleta Pueblo NM
3302:Seattle: University of Washington Press.
3154:A Phonology and morphology of Jemez Towa
3151:
2402:
2400:
1377:
1299:speakers. Known for its location atop a
1205:
1172:
1029:Agriculture in the prehistoric Southwest
989:described the historic Pueblo people in
973:
961:
812:
775:
585:, whose adherents occupied an area near
480:
468:: family to which Zuni belongs; it is a
305:
152:
3219:
3052:
2953:, physorg.com; accessed September 2015.
2518:
2498:. Tucson: University of Arizona Press.
2487:
1586:
1129:Acoma Pueblo, pottery jar, Field Museum
780:Ruins of Pueblo Bonito, in Chaco Canyon
27:Native Americans in the Southwestern US
14:
3417:
3037:
2826:
2703:Handbook of the North American Indians
2605:
2590:
2439:"Pueblo Indians – History & Facts"
1033:Corn is the most readily recognizable
970:, San Diego, California. January 1915.
715:Chaco Culture National Historical Park
254:is a Spanish term for "village". When
3455:Native American history of New Mexico
3002:
2822:
2820:
2696:
2694:
2692:
2690:
2688:
2686:
2546:
2397:
2292:
1141:Tesuque Pueblo, Pottery, Field Museum
476:
3445:Native American tribes in New Mexico
3156:. University of Kansas Dissertation.
2898:
2758:Los Angeles (2015). Chapter 1, p. 4
2701:Sturtevant, William C. (1978–2008).
2651:, University of Chicago Press, 1950.
2586:
2584:
2582:
2580:
2542:
2540:
72:Regions with significant populations
1006:
768:Ancient dwellings of Pueblo peoples
266:, stone and other local materials.
24:
3346:Handbook of North American Indians
3169:A concise Hopi and English lexicon
2817:
2683:
739:Canyon de Chelly National Monument
25:
3466:
3440:Native American tribes in Arizona
3401:SMU-in-Taos Research Publications
3365:
2577:
2537:
1372:, one of the leaders of the 1680
944:National Statuary Hall Collection
793:. The largest of these villages,
547:practice. They maintain multiple
2468:American National History Museum
1382:Taos Pueblo, view from the South
1146:
1134:
1122:
1104:
1086:
992:The journal of a Santa Fé trader
666:and in southern California; the
350:spoken at the pueblos of Acoma,
256:Spanish conquest of the Americas
3450:Native American tribes in Texas
3265:
3236:
3213:
3160:
3145:
3120:
3087:
3065:
3011:
2996:
2978:"Indian Pueblo Cultural Center"
2970:
2956:
2944:
2931:
2892:
2879:
2802:
2791:
2768:
2748:
2727:
1536:settled in Seneca, and then in
1450:– Tewa speakers. Known for the
1440:– Tiwa speakers. Known for its
1096:Black-on-Black Pottery Bowl by
875:and accused them of practicing
301:
3171:. Philadelphia: J. Benjamins.
2917:10.5309/willmaryquar.74.2.0203
2905:The William and Mary Quarterly
2638:
2599:
2512:
2481:
2456:
1570:for grinding corn. (Note that
1116:University of British Columbia
1022:
662:situated along with the Lower
13:
1:
3293:Indian Pueblo Cultural Center
3272:Fletcher, Richard A. (1984).
3058:Tigua Indian Cultural Center
2624:10.1525/aa.1954.56.4.02a00200
2421:
1286:
818:
727:Aztec Ruins National Monument
576:
551:for sacred ceremonies. Their
386:: currently solely spoken at
62:
3359:. Sunstone press Publishing.
3276:. Oxford University Press. (
3226:New Mexico Historical Review
3220:Jenkins, Myra Ellen (1966).
2964:"Pueblo religious etiquette"
2899:Barr, Juliana (April 2017).
2492:; Van Keuren, Scott (eds.).
2488:McGuire, Randall H. (2011).
1552:Firecracker Pueblo, Jornada
1376:against Spanish colonizers.
968:Panama-California Exposition
646:is a term borrowed from the
122:Keresan Pueblo Sign Language
7:
3406:Papers on Tao's archaeology
3152:Yumitani, Yukihiro (1998).
2827:Merril, William L. (2009).
2705:. Smithsonian Institution.
2316:
2277:diacritic below the vowel;
1162:
809:European contact and revolt
735:Hovenweep National Monument
731:Bandelier National Monument
10:
3471:
3200:Krzywicki, Ludwik (1934).
2305:, Relacion del Suceso and
1505:
1482:
1478:
1442:UNESCO World Heritage Site
1166:
1073:
1069:
1026:
957:
765:
695:Ancestral Puebloan culture
175:Southwestern United States
78:Southwestern United States
31:
3332:(2 vols., Chicago, 1939).
2285:following the consonant.
2031:
1855:
1651:
980:Catron County, New Mexico
851:led by Tiwas against the
136:
131:
100:
95:
83:
76:
71:
61:
56:
34:Pueblo Indians (baseball)
3128:"Keres Language Project"
2811:Commerce of the Prairies
2390:
2281:are transcribed with an
1501:
1346:work and the Corn Dance.
952:Jemez Pueblo, New Mexico
719:Mesa Verde National Park
711:Navajo National Monument
595:Ancestral Pueblo culture
572:History of the Puebloans
494:House of Representatives
3003:Ortiz, Alfonso (1979).
2854:10.1073/pnas.0906075106
2735:Ancient Pueblo Peoples,
2674:American Anthropologist
2612:American Anthropologist
2519:Cordell, Linda (1994).
2443:Encyclopedia Britannica
1931:Ohkay Owingeh/San Juan
1462:New Mexico's state flag
3335:Ryan D, A. L. Kroeber
3330:Pueblo Indian Religion
3298:Gram, John R. (2015).
3283:Florence Hawley Ellis
3132:Keres Language Project
2606:Hoijer, Harry (1954).
2591:Sutton, Logan (2014).
2547:Sando, Joe S. (1992).
2521:Ancient Pueblo Peoples
2019:Shiewhibak/ Tsugwevaga
1525:
1383:
1272:
1241:
1214:
1181:
1153:Bird effigy, pottery,
1004:
982:
971:
869:Juan Francisco Treviño
824:
781:
501:
319:Linguistic affiliation
311:
158:
3430:Oasisamerica cultures
3373:Kukadze'eta Towncrier
2412:El Paso County, Texas
1610:English/Spanish Name
1580:El Paso County, Texas
1578:as well.) Located in
1514:Ysleta del Sur Pueblo
1506:Further information:
1483:Further information:
1381:
1262:
1234:
1209:
1176:
1167:Further information:
1066:was relatively high.
997:
977:
965:
817:Jemez Pueblo shield,
816:
779:
766:Further information:
492:women elected to the
484:
309:
156:
2992:on 26 February 2022.
2464:"Rio Grande Pueblos"
2410:is still located in
2307:Agustín de Vetancurt
1879:Pʼohsųwæ̨geh Ówîngeh
1713:Kʼuʼkwʼáage Ówîngeh
1587:Endonyms and exonyms
1520:– originally Tigua (
1412:San Ildefonso Pueblo
1366:Ohkay Owingeh Pueblo
1094:San Ildefonso Pueblo
632:composed of several
3395:Pueblo of Santa Ana
3338:Elsie Clews Parsons
3326:Elsie Clews Parsons
3278:on-line text, ch. 1
3248:www.statimetric.com
2845:2009PNAS..10621019M
2839:(50): 21019–21026.
2676:, New Series, Vol.
2324:Ancestral Puebloans
2303:Alonso de Benavides
2279:ejective consonants
2090:Pʼotsą́nûû Ówîngeh
2052:Pʼįwweltha / Pe’ewi
1786:Kewa/Santo Domingo
1685:Kʼuuteʼgeh Ówîngeh
853:Coronado Expedition
772:Pueblo architecture
684:Ancestral Puebloans
488:, one of the first
222:ancestral Puebloans
53:
3376:, Pueblo of Laguna
2927:– via JSTOR.
2733:Cordell, Linda S.
2645:Fred Russell Eggan
2490:Glowacki, Donna M.
2293:Population history
2271:Vowel nasalisation
2029:Tsiiwheve Ówîngeh
1907:Pʼohwhogeh Ówîngeh
1428:Santa Clara Pueblo
1384:
1215:
1193:Spider Grandmother
1182:
983:
972:
950:, a Puebloan from
825:
782:
682:, Mexico; and the
603:Mesa Verde regions
512:, compared to the
506:Fred Russell Eggan
502:
496:, is a citizen of
477:Cultural practices
312:
159:
42:
3045:Handbook of Texas
3025:on 7 October 2015
2798:Po'pay dedication
2349:Keresan languages
2299:Antonio de Espejo
2263:
2262:
2140:Maʼii Deeshgiizh
1991:Tetsʼúgéh Ówîngeh
1797:Taywheve Ówîngeh
1769:Shadegeh Ówîngeh
1741:Nąnwheve Ówîngeh
1424:– Keres speakers.
1408:– Keres speakers.
1406:San Felipe Pueblo
597:who occupied the
458:: stock to which
430:and the other at
348:dialect continuum
325:language families
286:rivers and their
203:language families
151:
150:
142:Roman Catholicism
16:(Redirected from
3462:
3435:Southwest tribes
3425:Puebloan peoples
3410:Tao's archeology
3390:Pueblo of Sandia
3385:Pueblo of Laguna
3380:Pueblo of Isleta
3360:
3259:
3258:
3256:
3254:
3240:
3234:
3233:
3217:
3211:
3210:
3208:
3197:
3191:
3190:
3164:
3158:
3157:
3149:
3143:
3142:
3140:
3138:
3124:
3118:
3117:
3091:
3085:
3080:
3074:
3069:
3063:
3056:
3050:
3041:
3035:
3034:
3032:
3030:
3021:. Archived from
3015:
3009:
3008:
3000:
2994:
2993:
2991:
2986:. Archived from
2974:
2968:
2967:
2960:
2954:
2948:
2942:
2935:
2929:
2928:
2896:
2890:
2883:
2877:
2876:
2866:
2856:
2824:
2815:
2808:Gregg, J. 1844.
2806:
2800:
2795:
2789:
2781:vol. 1, p. 286.
2772:
2766:
2752:
2746:
2731:
2725:
2724:
2698:
2681:
2663:
2652:
2642:
2636:
2635:
2603:
2597:
2596:
2588:
2575:
2574:
2554:
2544:
2535:
2534:
2516:
2510:
2509:
2485:
2479:
2478:
2476:
2474:
2460:
2454:
2453:
2451:
2449:
2435:
2415:
2404:
2369:Tanoan languages
2071:(Not Available)
2068:(Not Available)
2062:Pʼįnwêê Ówîngeh
2010:(Not Available)
1982:(Not Available)
1963:Khaʼpʼoe Ówîngeh
1954:(Not Available)
1948:(Not Available)
1942:(Not Available)
1898:(Not Available)
1895:(Not Available)
1892:(Not Available)
1883:(Not Available)
1870:(Not Available)
1850:(Not Available)
1846:Nąngbeʼe Ôwîngeh
1657:Téwigeh Ówîngeh
1607:
1606:
1554:Mogollon culture
1422:Santa Ana Pueblo
1150:
1138:
1126:
1108:
1090:
1007:Material culture
823:
820:
676:Mogollon culture
656:Santa Cruz River
648:O'odham language
614:Mogollon culture
583:Mogollon culture
470:language isolate
236:word that means
171:Native Americans
114:Tanoan languages
67:
64:
57:Total population
54:
41:
21:
3470:
3469:
3465:
3464:
3463:
3461:
3460:
3459:
3415:
3414:
3368:
3363:
3344:Parthiv S, ed.
3268:
3263:
3262:
3252:
3250:
3242:
3241:
3237:
3218:
3214:
3206:
3198:
3194:
3179:
3165:
3161:
3150:
3146:
3136:
3134:
3126:
3125:
3121:
3106:
3092:
3088:
3081:
3077:
3070:
3066:
3057:
3053:
3042:
3038:
3028:
3026:
3017:
3016:
3012:
3001:
2997:
2976:
2975:
2971:
2962:
2961:
2957:
2949:
2945:
2936:
2932:
2897:
2893:
2884:
2880:
2825:
2818:
2807:
2803:
2796:
2792:
2773:
2769:
2753:
2749:
2732:
2728:
2713:
2699:
2684:
2664:
2655:
2643:
2639:
2604:
2600:
2589:
2578:
2563:
2545:
2538:
2531:
2517:
2513:
2506:
2486:
2482:
2472:
2470:
2462:
2461:
2457:
2447:
2445:
2437:
2436:
2429:
2424:
2419:
2418:
2405:
2398:
2393:
2388:
2319:
2295:
2273:is shown by an
2146:Wą́ngé Ówîngeh
2118:Pʼįnsô Ówîngeh
2007:Tuukwiveʼ Tewa
1923:Suustapna Tewa
1867:Tuukwiveʼ Tewa
1589:
1510:
1504:
1487:
1481:
1394:Pojoaque Pueblo
1289:
1284:
1171:
1165:
1158:
1151:
1142:
1139:
1130:
1127:
1118:
1109:
1100:
1091:
1078:
1072:
1060:climatic period
1031:
1025:
1009:
960:
887:Tewa man named
821:
811:
774:
764:
638:Cliff-dwellings
619:were initially
591:Hohokam culture
587:Gila Wilderness
579:
574:
490:Native American
479:
339:of the region.
321:
304:
216:Pueblo peoples
65:
52:
40:
37:
28:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
3468:
3458:
3457:
3452:
3447:
3442:
3437:
3432:
3427:
3413:
3412:
3397:
3392:
3387:
3382:
3377:
3367:
3366:External links
3364:
3362:
3361:
3349:
3342:
3333:
3323:
3310:
3303:
3296:
3290:
3281:
3269:
3267:
3264:
3261:
3260:
3235:
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3144:
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3104:
3086:
3075:
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3036:
3010:
2995:
2969:
2955:
2943:
2930:
2891:
2878:
2816:
2801:
2790:
2767:
2764:978-0205887590
2754:Nash, Gary B.
2747:
2726:
2711:
2682:
2666:Paul Kirchhoff
2653:
2637:
2618:(4): 637–639.
2598:
2576:
2561:
2536:
2529:
2511:
2504:
2480:
2455:
2426:
2425:
2423:
2420:
2417:
2416:
2395:
2394:
2392:
2389:
2387:
2386:
2381:
2379:Tiwa languages
2376:
2371:
2366:
2364:Salado culture
2361:
2356:
2351:
2346:
2341:
2336:
2331:
2326:
2320:
2318:
2315:
2294:
2291:
2261:
2260:
2257:
2254:
2251:
2248:
2245:
2242:
2237:
2232:
2231:Navajo People
2228:
2227:
2222:
2219:
2216:
2213:
2210:
2207:
2204:
2199:
2195:
2194:
2191:
2186:
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2177:
2174:
2171:
2166:
2162:
2161:
2158:
2155:
2150:
2147:
2144:
2143:Héemʼishiitsi
2141:
2138:
2133:
2129:
2128:
2125:
2122:
2119:
2116:
2113:
2110:
2105:
2101:
2100:
2097:
2094:
2091:
2088:
2085:
2082:
2077:
2073:
2072:
2069:
2066:
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2060:
2057:
2054:
2049:
2045:
2044:
2041:
2038:
2035:
2030:
2027:
2024:
2021:
2016:
2012:
2011:
2008:
2005:
2002:
1999:
1996:
1995:Tłʼoh Łikizhí
1993:
1988:
1984:
1983:
1980:
1977:
1974:
1971:
1968:
1965:
1960:
1956:
1955:
1952:
1949:
1946:
1945:Pʼakapʼalʼayą
1943:
1940:
1937:
1935:Ohkwee Ówîngeh
1932:
1928:
1927:
1924:
1921:
1918:
1917:Pʼahwiaʼhliap
1915:
1912:
1909:
1904:
1903:San Ildefonso
1900:
1899:
1896:
1893:
1890:
1887:
1884:
1881:
1876:
1872:
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1868:
1865:
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1751:
1748:
1745:
1742:
1739:
1736:
1731:
1727:
1726:
1723:
1720:
1719:Kyʼóóweʼegiʼi
1717:
1714:
1711:
1708:
1703:
1699:
1698:
1695:
1692:
1689:
1686:
1683:
1680:
1675:
1671:
1670:
1667:
1664:
1661:
1658:
1655:
1650:
1647:
1642:
1638:
1637:
1634:
1631:
1628:
1625:
1622:
1619:
1616:
1611:
1588:
1585:
1584:
1583:
1560:. Room 11 had
1550:
1540:, adjacent to
1538:Socorro, Texas
1534:Piro Puebloans
1530:
1518:El Paso, Texas
1503:
1500:
1499:
1498:
1480:
1477:
1476:
1475:
1465:
1455:
1448:Tesuque Pueblo
1445:
1435:
1425:
1419:
1409:
1403:
1397:
1391:
1388:Picuris Pueblo
1385:
1363:
1353:
1347:
1337:
1327:
1313:
1307:Cochiti Pueblo
1304:
1288:
1285:
1283:
1280:
1251:Roman Catholic
1169:Hopi mythology
1164:
1161:
1160:
1159:
1157:. Field Museum
1155:Cochiti Pueblo
1152:
1145:
1143:
1140:
1133:
1131:
1128:
1121:
1119:
1110:
1103:
1101:
1098:Maria Martinez
1092:
1085:
1076:Pueblo pottery
1074:Main article:
1071:
1068:
1027:Main article:
1024:
1021:
1013:natural fibers
1008:
1005:
959:
956:
810:
807:
763:
760:
707:national parks
674:, Mexico; the
664:Colorado River
578:
575:
573:
570:
553:creation story
521:Paul Kirchhoff
478:
475:
474:
473:
463:
453:
452:
451:
450:
449:
435:
421:
391:
375:
320:
317:
303:
300:
278:and along the
167:Pueblo peoples
149:
148:
134:
133:
129:
128:
98:
97:
93:
92:
84:Particularly:
81:
80:
74:
73:
69:
68:
59:
58:
51:
50:
47:
43:
38:
26:
18:Pueblo Indians
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
3467:
3456:
3453:
3451:
3448:
3446:
3443:
3441:
3438:
3436:
3433:
3431:
3428:
3426:
3423:
3422:
3420:
3411:
3407:
3402:
3398:
3396:
3393:
3391:
3388:
3386:
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3381:
3378:
3375:
3374:
3370:
3369:
3358:
3357:
3350:
3347:
3343:
3340:
3339:
3334:
3331:
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3321:1-57416-000-1
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3305:Paul Horgan,
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3073:
3072:Newadvent.org
3068:
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3055:
3049:
3046:
3043:Bill Wright,
3040:
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3006:
2999:
2990:
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2743:0-89599-038-5
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2530:0-89599-038-5
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2505:9780816503988
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2362:
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2359:Pueblo Revolt
2357:
2355:
2354:Navajo people
2352:
2350:
2347:
2345:
2342:
2340:
2339:Casas Grandes
2337:
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2017:
2014:
2013:
2009:
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1994:
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1989:
1986:
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1981:
1979:Nasaveʼ Tewa
1978:
1976:Shǽǽpʼæægiʼi
1975:
1972:
1969:
1966:
1964:
1961:
1958:
1957:
1953:
1951:Yuupaqa Tewa
1950:
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1753:Wepłabattsʼi
1752:
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1696:
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1691:Kyʼǽǽtɨɨgiʼi
1690:
1687:
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1673:
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1539:
1535:
1531:
1527:
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1512:
1511:
1509:
1496:
1495:Hopi language
1492:
1489:
1488:
1486:
1473:
1469:
1466:
1463:
1459:
1456:
1453:
1452:Pueblo Revolt
1449:
1446:
1443:
1439:
1436:
1433:
1429:
1426:
1423:
1420:
1417:
1413:
1410:
1407:
1404:
1401:
1400:Sandia Pueblo
1398:
1395:
1392:
1389:
1386:
1380:
1375:
1374:Pueblo Revolt
1371:
1367:
1364:
1361:
1360:Tewa language
1357:
1354:
1351:
1350:Laguna Pueblo
1348:
1345:
1341:
1338:
1335:
1331:
1328:
1325:
1321:
1317:
1316:Isleta Pueblo
1314:
1312:
1308:
1305:
1302:
1298:
1294:
1291:
1290:
1279:
1277:
1271:
1270:
1266:
1261:
1259:
1258:Alfonso Ortiz
1255:
1252:
1247:
1240:
1239:
1233:
1229:
1226:
1222:
1220:
1213:
1212:Ohkay Owingeh
1208:
1204:
1200:
1198:
1194:
1190:
1187:
1180:
1175:
1170:
1156:
1149:
1144:
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1125:
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1117:
1113:
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1083:
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1077:
1067:
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1064:precipitation
1061:
1056:
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1047:
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930:
926:
922:
918:
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910:
906:
902:
898:
894:
890:
886:
885:Ohkay Owingeh
882:
878:
874:
870:
865:
863:
857:
854:
850:
846:
845:Pueblo Revolt
841:
839:
835:
830:
829:Juan de Oñate
815:
806:
804:
800:
796:
795:Pueblo Bonito
792:
788:
778:
773:
769:
759:
757:
753:
748:
744:
740:
736:
732:
728:
724:
720:
716:
712:
708:
704:
700:
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691:
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681:
677:
673:
669:
665:
661:
657:
653:
649:
645:
641:
639:
635:
631:
626:
625:Water control
622:
618:
615:
610:
608:
604:
600:
596:
592:
588:
584:
569:
567:
563:
559:
554:
550:
546:
542:
538:
534:
530:
526:
522:
517:
515:
511:
507:
499:
498:Laguna Pueblo
495:
491:
487:
486:Debra Haaland
483:
471:
467:
464:
461:
457:
454:
447:
443:
439:
438:Southern Tiwa
436:
433:
429:
425:
424:
422:
419:
415:
411:
407:
403:
402:San Ildefonso
399:
398:Ohkay Owingeh
395:
392:
389:
385:
382:
381:
379:
378:Kiowa-Tanoan:
376:
373:
369:
365:
361:
357:
353:
349:
345:
342:
341:
340:
338:
337:lingua franca
334:
330:
326:
316:
308:
299:
297:
291:
289:
285:
281:
277:
273:
269:
265:
261:
257:
253:
249:
247:
243:
242:Ancient Enemy
239:
235:
231:
227:
223:
219:
214:
212:
208:
204:
200:
196:
192:
188:
187:San Ildefonso
184:
180:
176:
172:
168:
164:
155:
147:
146:Protestantism
143:
139:
135:
130:
127:
123:
119:
115:
111:
107:
103:
99:
94:
91:
87:
82:
79:
75:
70:
66: 75,000
60:
55:
49:Pueblo people
48:
45:
44:
35:
30:
19:
3371:
3356:Anton Docher
3353:
3345:
3336:
3329:
3312:
3306:
3299:
3284:
3273:
3266:Bibliography
3251:. Retrieved
3247:
3238:
3229:
3225:
3215:
3202:
3195:
3168:
3162:
3153:
3147:
3135:. Retrieved
3131:
3122:
3095:
3089:
3078:
3067:
3060:Tigua Indian
3054:
3044:
3039:
3029:22 September
3027:. Retrieved
3023:the original
3019:"19 Pueblos"
3013:
3007:. p. 4.
3004:
2998:
2989:the original
2981:
2972:
2958:
2946:
2938:
2933:
2908:
2904:
2894:
2886:
2885:Mera, H.P.,
2881:
2836:
2832:
2810:
2804:
2793:
2778:
2770:
2755:
2750:
2734:
2729:
2702:
2677:
2673:
2648:
2640:
2615:
2611:
2601:
2592:
2550:
2520:
2514:
2494:
2483:
2471:. Retrieved
2467:
2458:
2446:. Retrieved
2442:
2329:Arizona Tewa
2311:James Mooney
2296:
2287:Vowel length
2264:
2253:Kyʼǽlǽtoosh
2239:
2234:
2224:
2206:Naashtʼézhí
2201:
2188:
2169:Móókwi/ Hópi
2168:
2152:
2135:
2107:
2079:
2051:
2043:Kʼya:shhida
2032:
2026:Dyîiwʼaʼane
2018:
1990:
1962:
1959:Santa Clara
1939:Kin Łichíí’
1934:
1920:Pʼææshogiʼi
1906:
1886:Pʼohwakedze
1878:
1856:
1845:
1825:Sia Ówîngeh
1817:
1794:Tó Hájiiloh
1789:
1761:
1733:
1705:
1677:
1652:
1644:
1597:
1593:
1590:
1571:
1567:
1561:
1532:Some of the
1356:Nambé Pueblo
1330:Jemez Pueblo
1293:Acoma Pueblo
1273:
1267:
1264:
1263:
1254:patron saint
1242:
1236:
1235:
1230:
1227:
1223:
1216:
1201:
1183:
1179:Nambé Pueblo
1114:owl figure,
1079:
1048:
1032:
1010:
999:
998:
990:
987:Josiah Gregg
984:
948:Cliff Fragua
937:
873:medicine men
866:
858:
842:
826:
799:Chaco Canyon
783:
692:
654:, along the
652:Tucson Basin
642:
617:/moʊɡəˈjoʊn/
611:
607:Four Corners
599:Chaco Canyon
580:
518:
503:
388:Jemez Pueblo
322:
313:
302:Subdivisions
292:
260:Nuevo México
251:
250:
241:
238:Ancient Ones
237:
229:
225:
224:. The term
215:
166:
162:
160:
39:Ethnic group
29:
3137:13 November
2939:Great River
2779:Great River
2775:Paul Horgan
2384:Zuni people
2374:Tewa people
2209:Sɨ́ɨníitsi
2099:We:łuwalʼa
2093:Sądéyagiʼi
2087:Waashuutsi
2084:Kin Łigaaí
1911:Tsétaʼ Kin
1790:Kewa/ Díiwi
1775:Tɨ̨́dægiʼi
1738:Tsédáá’kin
1730:San Felipe
1725:Kʼyanałana
1576:Hueco Tanks
1468:Zuni Pueblo
1438:Taos Pueblo
1340:Kewa Pueblo
1324:Albuquerque
1311:Cochiti Dam
1238:reinforced.
1210:Dancers at
1055:Uto-Aztecan
1051:Mesoamerica
1035:staple food
1023:Agriculture
1017:animal hide
995:as follows:
893:Taos Pueblo
822: 1840
743:Basketmaker
541:matrilineal
510:dry farming
456:Uto-Aztecan
406:Santa Clara
294:developing
288:tributaries
144:, minority
3419:Categories
3178:9027220158
3105:0826305369
2911:(2): 228.
2712:0160045770
2562:0940666170
2422:References
2334:Astialakwa
2283:apostrophe
2215:Sunyiʼina
2160:He:mu:shi
2127:Dopoliana
2124:Kwapihalu
2065:Pʼêêkwele
2040:Tsiyawipi
2037:Téwaagiʼi
2001:Tutsʼuiba
1967:Naashashí
1864:Pashiukwa
1861:Nammuluva
1809:Wehkʼyana
1758:Santa Ana
1747:Kwilegiʼi
1734:Kaatishtya
1722:Kawaikaʼa
1663:Totyagiʼi
1546:Rio Grande
1458:Zia Pueblo
1416:Los Alamos
1287:New Mexico
1186:archetypal
849:Tiguex War
838:theocratic
709:, such as
703:Pueblo III
668:Trincheras
593:; and the
577:Precursors
539:each have
514:irrigation
372:San Felipe
329:vocabulary
280:Rio Grande
268:New Mexico
140:religion,
86:New Mexico
3187:777549431
2925:151938572
2247:Wǽn Sávo
2218:Sɨnigiʼi
2179:Khosóʼon
2173:Ayahkiní
2136:Wâlatɨɨwa
2023:Naatoohó
1998:Tyutsuko
1914:Pʼakwede
1875:Pojoaque
1828:Təanąbak
1803:Tǽwigiʼi
1772:Patuthaa
1750:Katistsa
1716:Powhiaba
1682:Tǫ́ʼgaaʼ
1666:Ákookavi
1660:Tʼoławei
1497:speakers.
1344:turquoise
1043:chenopods
756:viewsheds
699:Pueblo II
680:Chihuahua
634:pithouses
545:exogamous
519:In 1954,
356:Santa Ana
296:syncretic
220:from the
213:(maize).
163:Puebloans
96:Languages
46:Puebloans
3232:(2): 86.
2983:Facebook
2873:19995985
2777:(1954),
2721:13240086
2571:24174245
2473:6 August
2317:See also
2259:A:Machu
2250:T’ełiém
2221:Síʼooki
2202:Shiwinna
2182:Bukhiek
2121:Yɨ́láta
2096:Payúpki
2080:Ną’piʼąd
2056:Tókʼelé
2048:Picuris
1987:Tesuque
1973:Haipaai
1889:Asʼonaʼ
1831:Sæyakwa
1806:Tuuwíʼi
1781:Damaiya
1744:Pʼatəak
1710:Tó Łání
1706:Kʼáwáiga
1697:Kochudi
1688:Kotəava
1674:Cochiti
1649:Haakʼoh
1594:endonyms
1493:Tribe –
1432:Española
1219:cornmeal
1177:Kiva at
1163:Religion
985:In 1844
933:Santa Fe
929:mestizos
881:Santa Fe
787:Comanche
621:foragers
562:endogamy
448:Pueblos.
420:Pueblos.
418:Pojoaque
284:Colorado
132:Religion
3114:6597162
2864:2795521
2841:Bibcode
2787:54-9867
2256:Tasavu
2240:endonym
2225:endonym
2193:Mu:kwi
2189:endonym
2176:Mùutsi
2157:Hemisi
2153:endonym
2149:Híemma
2076:Sandia
2059:Pikuli
2033:endonym
2015:Isleta
1970:Kaipʼa
1857:endonym
1853:Nomɨʼɨ
1837:Tsia'a
1834:Tsiyaʼ
1822:Tłʼógí
1818:Tsíiyʼa
1800:Tuwita
1778:Tamaya
1702:Laguna
1694:Kwitsi
1653:endonym
1618:Navajo
1614:Endonym
1598:exonyms
1572:metates
1563:metates
1558:caliche
1522:Spanish
1479:Arizona
1197:kachina
1189:deities
1070:Pottery
958:Culture
877:sorcery
834:cacique
660:Patayan
644:Hohokam
630:hamlets
605:of the
566:dualism
432:Picuris
410:Tesuque
364:Cochiti
344:Keresan
333:grammar
272:Arizona
230:Anasazi
226:Anasazi
207:kinship
179:Pueblos
173:in the
138:Kachina
118:Keresan
106:Spanish
102:English
90:Arizona
3319:
3253:18 May
3185:
3175:
3112:
3102:
2941:p. 158
2923:
2871:
2861:
2785:
2762:
2741:
2719:
2709:
2632:664337
2630:
2569:
2559:
2527:
2502:
2448:3 June
2275:ogonek
2185:Hɨ́pé
2132:Jemez
2115:Dâusá
2112:Tówoł
2108:Təotho
2004:Tsota
1926:Dawsa
1842:Nambé
1766:Dahmi
1762:Dámáyá
1678:Kúutyì
1669:Haku:
1641:Acoma
1621:Keres
1602:Navajo
1566:and a
1542:Ysleta
1039:gourds
1015:, and
911:, and
862:Apache
791:Navajo
752:plazas
747:canyon
737:, and
672:Sonora
609:area.
589:; the
558:Tanoan
446:Isleta
442:Sandia
416:, and
370:, and
352:Laguna
252:Pueblo
246:exonym
234:Navajo
197:, and
169:, are
3207:(PDF)
2921:S2CID
2628:JSTOR
2408:Tigua
2391:Notes
2267:tonal
2244:Tene
2212:Sųyų
2198:Zuni
2165:Hopi
2104:Taos
1645:Áakʼu
1636:Zuni
1633:Hopi
1630:Towa
1627:Tiwa
1624:Tewa
1549:Paso.
1502:Texas
1297:Keres
1246:kivas
1062:when
917:Pecos
913:Keres
803:mesas
549:kivas
537:Jemez
533:Keres
414:Nambé
276:Texas
264:adobe
232:is a
191:Acoma
165:, or
3408:and
3399:The
3317:ISBN
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