Public university - Knowledge

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Occasional Paper No. 39 (21 February 2011), Farrington Dennis and David Palfreyman write, "...any university which does not want funding from HEFCE can, as a private corporation, charge whatever tuition fees it likes (exactly as does, say, the University of Buckingham or BPP University College). Under existing legislation and outside of the influence of the HEFCE-funding mechanism upon universities, the Government can no more control university tuition fees than it can dictate the price of socks in Marks & Spencer. Universities are not part of the State. They are not part of the public sector; Government has no reserve powers of intervention even in a failing institution.

1385: 2051: 2879: 2612: 1787: 567: 1436: 390: 711: 1704: 3316: 1537: 449: 1242: 2497: 1132: 963: 582: 1652: 1080: 1618: 2597: 652: 1850: 2070: 1204: 3631:とりわけ公立大学は、その目的に加え、地方公共団体が設置・管理するという性格から、地域における高等教育機会の提供と、地域社会での知的・文化的拠点として中心的役割を担ってきており、今後とも、それぞれの地域における社会・経済・文化への貢献が期待されています。(Translation: Especially, the public university, because of its goal as well as nature of the institute established and administered by local governments, has begun to offer opportunity of higher education and take the central role as informational and cultural center in regional community and has been expected to contribute to society, economics and culture in each community from now on. ) 3072: 3166: 1353: 552: 2354: 327: 2320: 1846:, over 85% of college students study at state-operated public universities. Academically well-performing students pay only administrative fees of less than €100 per year. Students who fail multiple classes in a year and have to retake them, pay a partial or full tuition fee, ranging from €500 to €2000 per year. Private universities have existed in Serbia since 1989 but are held in less esteem because they are generally less academically rigorous than the public universities. 2545: 1998: 910: 5494: 1914: 866: 1741: 45: 782: 2581: 1733:, public universities are established by Acts of Parliament. The government pays all tuition fees and other costs of public university students. In contrast, private citizens, societies, or companies operate private universities that charge tuition fees directly to students. These institutions are generally held in lower regard than public universities. A small number of private universities do not charge fees, such as 619: 142: 1570:(HEI) include universities, technical universities, and specialist institutions. HEI undergraduate programs are government-funded and do not charge tuition. A quarter of HEI postgraduate programs are tuition-free. After individual assessments, thirty percent of Greek students are entitled to attend any of the statutory postgraduate programs without tuition fees. Founded as a national institution in 1926, the 1166: 5506: 4783: 209: 2122:. All universities are autonomous and legally independent of the state, but are still regulated by the government. The degree of regulation varies between the countries and depends on the university's constitutional form and whether it receives public funding. Most universities in the United Kingdom receive public funding through block grants from the Office for Students (England), the 1184:, there was a high demand for professional talent by the central government. In 1899, the King founded the School for Training of Civil Officials near the northern gate of the royal palace. Graduates from the school became royal pages, a traditional entrance into the Mahattai Ministry or other government ministries. As of 2019, Thailand has nineteen public universities. 733:, public universities have "provided an opportunity for higher education in a region and served the central role of intellectual and cultural base for the local community in the region" and are "expected to contribute to social, economical and cultural development in the region". This contrasts with the research-oriented aspects of national universities. 4585: 2577:. Public universities are state-funded with no cost or minimal tuition, around US$ 1,500 over four years. Public universities operate autonomously, without intervention from the state. Public universities are prestigious due to their free or low-cost nature, which removes financial incentives to pass and retain students. 600:, most universities and nearly all research institutions are public. Some private undergraduate colleges exist but most are engineering schools that are affiliated with public universities. Private schools can be partially aided by the national or state governments. India also has an "open" public university, the 1888:

status rather than tenure. A Spanish civil servant can only be fired under exceptional and well-justified circumstances. Research funding is allocated by the autonomous community or the central government; in the former, funding amount and conditions vary significantly from one independent community to another.

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and have adopted different methods of support for resident students. Scotland offers free tuition for residents for their first undergraduate degree in Scotland. The Welsh Government provides means-tests grants and loans to students, based on family income; the funding follows Welsh students, even if

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At many public universities, there are quotas of around fifty percent for students whose secondary (high school) education was entirely in a public-funded school. Public universities also have racial quotas, usually restricted to students from public high schools. Some universities give extra points

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and rely on subsidies from their respective states. However, support for public universities has declined in recent decades, forcing many public universities to seek private donations or raise tuition and fees. The percentage of state appropriations at public universities has fallen from 78% in 1974

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and attaining a mark of C+ or above. Students who meet the criteria set annually by the Kenya Universities and Colleges Central Placement Service receive government sponsorship, with the government providing part of their university or college fees. Students are also eligible for a low-interest loan

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Public universities are responsible for granting nearly all the graduate degrees in Brazil, including doctorates and masters which are called doutorado and mestrado, respectively. Professors at public universities are public servants, tenured and hired through public application, with international

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provided by state-run institutions is not free; students must pay a tuition fee. However, the tuition fee is lower than that of private universities. The highest tuition fee allowed by law in public universities is €697 per year as of 2022. Public universities include some of the most selective and

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in which they are based. University funding differs by region. However, the central government establishes homogeneous tuition fees for all public universities which are much lower than those of their private counterparts. The highest tuition fee allowed by law was, as of 2010, €14.97 per academic

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Since 1891, private universities have gradually become state-recognized and funded. Some private, mostly Catholic, organizations are called free institutions, as in administratively free from the state despite being state-funded. As of 2022, the communities fund all recognized universities, public

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Public universities are state-owned but are granted considerable independence and self-governance. However, public universities do not have free use of their assets and are subject to Spanish administrative law. Public university administrators, lecturers, and professors are granted civil servant

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are public but have institutional autonomy by law. The Italian state provides the majority of university funding. Therefore, students pay relatively low tuition fees, set by each university according to the student's family wealth, the course of study, and exam performance. A few scholarships are

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In principle, any university can leave the regulated fees system at any time by not accepting public funding; for most universities (those not incorporated as higher education corporations), this would also remove their status as public authorities. In "OFFA and £6000–9000 tuition fees", OxCHEPS

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are public. Because the Taiwanese government provides funding to public universities, their students pay less than half the tuition fees of those at private universities. Ten public universities were established before the 1980s and are the most prestigious in Taiwan. As a result, most students

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replaced Privy Council oversight with public interest governance regulations from the Office for Students. However, Privy Council oversight continues for almost all English institutions that were in the university sector before 1992, and would continue even if they were to cease to be publicly

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Ministry of Education funds most public universities. Dutch citizens and those from European Union countries pay an annual tuition fee for their first bachelor's or master's degree; the fee was €1,951 in 2015. Non-European Union students and students who want to complete a second bachelor's or

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have the right to attend any public university. Overenrolled degree programs have introduced additional entrance exams that students must pass in the first year or before starting the degree, especially with scientific subjects such as biology, chemistry, and physics. Private universities have

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the university can charge. In addition, registration as a higher education provider is obligatory for English universities, whether or not they are publicly funded, and requires adherence to public interest governance principles. All registered providers in England must also be members of the

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National universities are located in all provinces and serve over eighty percent of the country's undergraduate population. These universities are tuition-free for students, as is access to books in the universities' libraries. Students typically purchase course books and studying materials;

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for two academic years of post-secondary school. In contrast, bachelor's degrees from universities represent four academic years of post-secondary school. In the 21st century, some community colleges have added bachelor's degree programs, particularly in applied career-focused subjects.

1610:, nearly all universities, institutes of technology, colleges, and some third-level institutions are public. The state pays the cost of educating undergraduates, although students must contribute approximately €3,000. There are a few private institutions of higher learning, such as the 2153:

for institutions in Scotland). They are also likely to be considered a public authority under the Human Rights Act 1998. Universities incorporated as higher education corporations are regarded as public authorities for some purposes, even if they do not receive public funding.

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The Brazilian Federal Constitution establishes the right to attend public universities free of tuition or entrance fees. Because public universities have thousands of applicants annually, only the best students can pass the entrance examinations. The examinations are either

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In contrast, most private institutions are for-profit enterprises that hire teachers on an hourly basis and conduct comparatively little research; notable exceptions are a few private but non-profit universities affiliated with religious organizations, such as the

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and 597 private universities in Japan. Many public universities are relatively new; in 1980, there were only 34 public universities in Japan. Since July 2003, public universities may incorporate under the Local Independent Administrative Institutions Law.

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master's degree pay a legal school fee. Annually, these legal school fees range between €7,000 for bachelor programs and €30,000 for master's programs in medicine. The Ministry of Education supervises all universities, including private institutions.

1533:. All professors are public servants. Public universities are generally held in higher esteem than their private counterparts. From 1972 through 1998, public universities were tuition-free; however, some states have since adopted low tuition fees. 4762: 370:. Using a state website, the students make a wish list of the universities they want to attend, with the highest-ranking students getting priority choices. Universities rank students according to the results of their baccalaureate. 3299:

being a significant criterion. A public university professor's teaching load is usually modest and leaves time for research. As a result, public university graduate programs are the primary source of Brazilian academic research.

4478: 3971: 3724: 1381:. Students who perform well academically pay only administrative fees which are less than €100 per year. Students who fail multiple classes in a year must retake the courses and pay a partial or full tuition fee. 1302:(UGent), both founded in 1817. These are often referred to as the two historic state universities. In 1965, small specialized single-faculty public institutions were recognized as universities, including the 2196:

was government controlled from its establishment as an examining board in 1836 to its reconstitution as a more traditional teaching university in 1900. It has been described as "what today would be called a

2016:, and over the years there has been a tendency to reduce their number. Despite the decline of universities, the number of university students increased from 881,000 in 1990/1991 to 2.4 million in 2007/2008. 4151: 985:. Of the 500, 436 are state colleges and universities, 31 local colleges and universities, and a handful of community colleges. In 2008, the Philippine Congress passed Republic Act 9500, declaring the 4759: 3409:. Founded in May 1551, it is the top university in Peru and the oldest university in the Americas. To be admitted into one of the national public universities, students much have a high score on the 1648:

available for the best low-income students at the undergraduate and postgraduate levels. However, for research, private funding ranges from low to non-existent, compared to most European countries.

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Until 2019, the governing documents of publicly funded universities could only be modified with permission from the Privy Council. For the majority of publicly funded universities in England, the

1233:, most universities are public. The state regulates tuition fees, making costs the same for all public universities. Except for some fields of study, notably medicine, all Austrians who pass the 759:, most public universities are national. There are 29 national universities, eighteen special universities, and ten educational universities. In addition, there are two national colleges and the 3849: 637:, the government supports public universities in each province. Funding comes through the Ministry of Education, Culture, Research, and Technology and the provincial and municipal governments. 2095:

In the United Kingdom, the government does not own universities. However, universities are considered public if they receive funding for teaching or research from one of the funding councils.

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to 43% in 2000. States generally charge higher tuition to out-of-state students because in-state students or their parents have previously subsidized the university by paying state taxes.

4815: 4738: 4369: 4094: 3195:, the national universities, also called public or state-run universities, were created by a National Congress Act. The exception is universities that predate the state, such as the 2243:

Scotland may also pay for a fifth year of undergraduate study if a student needs to repeat a year or decides to change their course of study. This is known as false-start funding.

2680:, which gave eligible states 30,000 acres (12,141 ha) of federal land to sell to finance public universities that emphasized studies in agriculture and mechanical arts. The 2853:

was chartered in 1794 but did not receive state funds until 1807 and closed from 1809 to 1820. William & Mary, North Carolina, Georgia, and South Carolina closed during the

3291:, public high school students are granted a 10% bonus over their test grade, and public school students who declare themselves black or pardo (mixed-race) receive a 15% bonus. 1317:

The Belgian state created smaller public universities that have since merged with larger institutions, including the public university at Mons in 1965 which became part of the

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was founded in 1801 and has continuously operated. However, it did not become a public institution until 1806 and has been primarily a two-year institution since 1889. The

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has both public and private universities, with wide variation in terms of cost, academic performance, and organization. The most reputable and largest university, the

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is usually owned and operated by a private corporation (not-for-profit or for profit). Both types are often regulated, but to varying degrees, by the government.

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which offers distance education. In terms of the number of enrolled students, is now the largest university in the world with over four million students.

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Rizzo, Michael J. "State Preferences for Higher Education Spending: A Panel Data Analysis, 1977–2001." What's Happening to Public Higher Education? Ed.

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required states to establish land-grant universities for African Americans if they were excluded from the state's existing land-grant institutions. The

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as the national university to distinguish it from all other state universities and colleges. Other notable public colleges and universities include the

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However, direct government funding for universities has declined since 2012. Between 2014 and 2018, funding council grants dropped from 18% to 15% for

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credit, amounting to roughly €900 a year for an average 60-credit full-time course. Tuition fees at private universities might reach €18,000 a year.

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has 26 public universities which are members of Universities in South Africa. These are categorized as traditional or comprehensive universities.

2650: 2632: 4730: 4474: 3283:. Since 2005, the Brazilian government has offered some tuition grants to enable students experiencing poverty to attend private universities. 2099: 1110: 4361: 231:; it formally became a public university in 1961 and is one of the oldest institutions of higher education in the world. In the 20th century, 4090: 4031: 3369: 1761: 1160: 1054: 1021: 3203:

that are public law legal entities. The Argentinian government sets funding for public universities through the annual national budget act.

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they choose to study outside of Wales. England and Northern Ireland expect students to take out student loans to cover the cost of tuition.

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is considered public varies from one country (or region) to another, largely depending on the specific education landscape. In contrast a

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represents several public research-intensive institutions, with most members being established in the 1960s and 1970s. The group includes

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Private higher education institutions cannot operate in Greece and are not recognized as degree-awarding bodies by the Greek government.

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is a federally-administered public university. Several public state universities follow an autonomous model similar to UNAM, including

2486: 2150: 2123: 1734: 957: 953: 280: 4553: 3353:. As a result, students and their families must cover 75 percent of tuition costs for attending both public and private universities. 3341:

In Chile, state-run universities are less expensive than private ones but are not tuition-free. Chile spends only four percent of its

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is a public higher education institution that offers associate degrees, undergraduate degrees, and graduate and postgraduate degrees.

5014: 3562: 2451:; these became publicly funded and secular in the 20th century. All major Canadian universities are now publicly funded but maintain 990: 679: 409: 3815: 4924: 4318: 2970:. These former technology institutes gained university status in the late 1980s through the early 1990s due to the reforms made by 2908: 2526: 2500: 1098: 4680: 2201:", operating out of government premises, staffed by civil servants, and directly accountable to the Treasury for its expenditure. 5532: 5231: 3437: 3256: 2813: 2807: 1672: 1062: 506: 487:

sponsored by private entities. Private universities usually cannot award bachelor's degrees. Public universities tend to enjoy a

3217: 109: 3907: 2776: 2772: 2642: 2205: 937: 689: 601: 2673:. Both were private universities until the 20th century, with William & Mary becoming public in 1908 and Rutgers in 1945. 2538: 81: 4343: 4297: 3516: 3238: 3034: 2740: 2728: 2720: 2676:

Every state has at least one public university and the largest states have more than thirty. This is partly a result of 1862

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Universities and other higher education providers that receive block grants are treated as public authorities under the

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as a top-ten university in the world and the top public university in the United States. There are a number of public

2790:. However, some public universities are highly prestigious and increasingly selective; these are now referred to as a 2035: 1414:

are public and are held in higher esteem than their private counterparts. Danish students attend university for free.

4440: 4401: 3425: 3406: 3379: 3305: 3186: 3150: 3123: 3026: 2899: 2764: 2478: 2428: 1821: 1074: 1058: 1032: 613: 530: 522: 500: 488: 128: 17: 3196: 2530: 1504: 887:. It operates through six different institutes and is affiliated with various colleges. There are government-funded 5510: 4120: 3410: 3030: 2736: 2697: 1580: 1046: 1042: 904: 842: 95: 4838: 4503: 3146: 3118:. In 1961, the New Zealand Parliament dissolved the constituent colleges to form four independent universities: 2963: 2932: 2799: 2756: 2146: 1988: 1621: 1520: 1423: 1372: 1262: 1224: 1193: 1114: 1050: 353: 303: 4642: 3221: 4981: 4236: 4204: 2936: 2780: 2517: 2025: 2002: 1934: 1897: 1837: 1724: 1691: 1584: 1567: 1557: 1388: 1126: 760: 421: 294:

from the Higher Education Loan Board; students must pay back the loan after completing their higher education.

66: 31: 4608: 1017: 77: 5291: 5145: 5007: 3870: 3643: 3441: 3420:, the most prestigious public universities joined and created the Strategic Alliance of Peruvian Universities 3336: 3050: 3014: 3010: 2967: 2947: 2924: 2440: 1870: 1638: 1272: 1097:, there are seventeen public universities. Most public universities are funded by the government through the 986: 860: 812: 730: 714: 546: 526: 439: 203: 2210: 670:

offer tuition-free and tuition-based programs. State-run universities are highly selective and competitive.

5537: 3429: 3396: 2838: 2709: 2705: 2662: 2549: 2541:. However, these state universities do not receive as much public funding, which means higher tuition fees. 1779: 998: 822: 646: 4065: 3365: 5374: 4976: 4950: 4899: 3964:"Freedom of expression: a guide for higher education providers and students' unions in England and Wales" 3268: 2748: 2604: 2178: 1992: 1611: 1508: 1284: 826: 1971:, seven are two-year granting institutions. In addition, there are special institutions, including four 1384: 4909: 3754: 3200: 3169: 2301: 2127: 1571: 1540: 566: 330: 4904: 3248: 2786:

Historically, many of the prestigious universities in the United States are private, most notably the

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university. Turkey's higher learning institutions are governed by the Ministry of Higher Education or

729:, public universities are run by local governments, either prefectural or municipal. According to the 5399: 5351: 4971: 4919: 3099: 3018: 3003: 2979: 2732: 2534: 2482: 2170: 2050: 1435: 1006: 1002: 705: 443: 290: 2719:

or teachers colleges, and eventually expanded into comprehensive universities. Examples include the

2712:, made public universities even more accessible for women, minorities, and lower-income applicants. 5498: 5394: 5203: 5150: 5000: 4894: 3911: 3127: 3095: 3054: 3038: 2912: 2878: 2768: 2724: 2701: 2611: 2474: 2408: 2361: 2357: 2131: 1917: 1786: 1485: 1169: 1102: 929: 622: 389: 146: 4023: 3668: 1707: 1101:, which handles undergraduate placements and staff appointments. The top institutions include the 5095: 4873: 4868: 4863: 3458: 2920: 2850: 2677: 2412: 2266: 2058: 1956: 1853: 1817: 1790: 1655: 518: 289:, the Ministry of Education controls all public universities. Students enroll after completing a 55: 2098:

The right to award degrees and use the title university or university college is granted by the

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existed since 1999 but are considered easier than public universities and thus hold less esteem.

5130: 4853: 4030:. Schedule 1 Public authorities, Part IV Maintained schools and other educational institution. 3701: 3296: 3252: 3119: 2928: 2817: 2693: 2553: 2393: 2373: 2340: 1614:. However, none of the private institutions have university status and are highly specialized. 1563: 1489: 1307: 913: 692:

supervises all of these institutions academically. Only a university, not a college, can issue

585: 367: 102: 3993: 3495: 1311: 1295: 710: 5243: 5186: 5080: 5065: 4858: 4793: 3315: 3135: 3022: 2983: 2685: 2654: 2585: 2389: 2381: 2323: 1744: 1703: 1326: 1106: 933: 888: 484: 268: 240: 4430: 4391: 3644:"FY2003 White Paper on Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology [1.2.1.3]" 2184:

Each of the four nations within the United Kingdom is responsible for higher education as a

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was founded in 1804 in Kharkov and since then has become one of the largest universities in

5226: 4878: 4545: 3357: 2916: 2882: 2846: 2619: 2570: 2529:(UNAM), is publicly funded and virtually free, while also independent from the government. 2448: 2436: 2285: 2281: 2262: 2193: 1952: 1880: 1767: 1475:

are public and charge very low tuition fees—less than €1000 per year. Major exceptions are

1338: 1207: 1135: 880: 869: 655: 570: 555: 256: 248: 2252:

these are applicable, in slightly different forms, to both public and private institutions

448: 8: 5479: 5248: 5236: 5193: 4914: 4529: 3842:"SKRIVENI TROŠKOVI STUDIRANJA Evo koliko samofinansirajuće studente stvarno KOŠTA GODINA" 3804: 3463: 3319: 3247:, the federal or state governments fund a few hundred public universities, including the 3131: 3091: 3075: 2995: 2991: 2987: 2444: 2400: 2377: 2115: 1907: 1771: 1439: 1356: 1241: 818: 764: 737: 476: 235:

opened many other public universities with government-subsidized tuition fees, including

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communities determine which institutes of higher education organize and issue diplomas.

1131: 962: 581: 5444: 4843: 3453: 2999: 2854: 2666: 2073: 1651: 1476: 1330: 1318: 1079: 892: 468: 393: 260: 186: 1617: 5326: 5271: 4955: 4945: 4940: 4436: 4397: 3350: 3211: 3142: 2959: 2940: 2670: 2596: 2404: 2277: 2174: 2142: 1530: 1334: 1280: 651: 452: 252: 244: 4673:"University of California, Berkeley | Academic Ranking of World Universities - 2017" 3538: 3444:. Other public and private universities joined as an associate or advisory members. 2496: 1501:

private higher education establishments can in no case take the title of university.

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was effectively a single university structure with constituent colleges located in

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Argentina's national universities account for over fifty percent of the country's

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Many U.S. public universities began as teacher training institutions, often named

1816:, about 7.5 million students study in thousands of universities. Founded in 1755, 5469: 5459: 5416: 5366: 5316: 5311: 5306: 5176: 5171: 5115: 5105: 5044: 5039: 4766: 4347: 3894: 3876: 3276: 3165: 3071: 3042: 2951: 2950:

of public universities grew from the former Institutes of Technology and include

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If a university in England receives public funding, the government regulates the

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In 2010, 127,872 students were attending 95 public universities, compared to 86

5454: 5423: 5411: 5379: 5321: 5286: 5281: 5213: 5075: 5070: 5023: 3346: 2752: 2069: 2029: 1976: 1820:

is a public research university and the most prestigious university in Russia.

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on their admission tests instead of using a quota system. For example, at the

1203: 5526: 5464: 5389: 5341: 5166: 5125: 5120: 5100: 5090: 3775: 3589:"ShanghaiRanking's Academic Ranking of World Universities 2023 Press Release" 2716: 2638: 2353: 2214: 1109:

founded in 1921. Sri Lanka also has a joint service military university, the

688:, a few dozen colleges, and about a dozen foreign university extensions. The 483:

directly administers. Private undergraduate colleges exist but are primarily

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controls public universities and guarantees admission to students who earn a

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includes some of the oldest public universities in Australia, including the

2845:, founded in 1804, is the oldest public university in continuous operation. 2841:, founded in 1801, is the longest continuously supported public university. 2319: 2300:

All other institutions in the university sector before 1992, except for the

312:, both the federal and state governments may establish public universities. 5449: 5384: 5336: 5331: 5263: 5140: 5135: 4432:

The University of London, 1858–1900: The Politics of Senate and Convocation

3372:. The Universidad de Chile is the country's leading research institution. 3173: 3111: 2971: 2744: 2009: 1968: 1824:

is a state-owned university that was founded in 1724; it is managed by the

467:, nearly all universities and research institutions are public. Typically, 341: 334: 2544: 5301: 5276: 5110: 5060: 4116: 3087: 2837:

Other universities also claim to be the oldest in the United States. The

2504: 1678: 978: 970: 909: 756: 4230:"Annual Report and Financial Statements for the year ended 31 July 2014" 4205:"Annual Report and Financial Statements for the year ended 31 July 2018" 5474: 5356: 5296: 5085: 3107: 2791: 2787: 2470: 1940: 1913: 865: 800: 471:

governments run public universities. However, some are administered by

405: 170: 4362:"Wales unveils means-tested university grants of up to £11,000 a year" 1997: 1711: 851:, funded by the government but governed as self-managed institutions. 3192: 2904: 2696:

were early land-grant colleges. Targeted at the Southern states, the

2062: 2012:, there were 910 higher educational institutions on the territory of 1960: 1944: 1857: 1740: 1659: 1094: 1087: 1038: 1025: 693: 634: 626: 510: 977:

There are more than 500 public higher education institutions in the

936:. The public universities receive guidance and recognition from the 44: 4064:. Oxford Centre for Higher Education Policy Studies. Archived from 3323: 3225: 3214:

and provide technical assistance to the public and private sectors.

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is free, so students do not pay tuition at any Swedish university.

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includes seven regional Australian public universities, including

2580: 5439: 3805:"Уписани студенти, 2018/2019. школска година – Високо образовање" 3134:. This change also established a new university in Hamilton, the 3115: 3079: 2455:, with the ability to decide admission, tuition, and governance. 2327: 2119: 2077: 2013: 1748: 1607: 1526: 1429: 1411: 1392: 1378: 1322: 1268: 1230: 1173: 789: 589: 574: 456: 397: 359: 309: 228: 174: 4468:"Higher Education and Research Bill: Detailed Impact Assessment" 3563:"U.S. News Releases 2024-2025 Best Global Universities Rankings" 2209:

funded, due to their constitutional form as civil corporations,

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is the public university in Washington, D.C., overseen by the

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List of universities in Bangladesh § Public_universities

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or receives significant funding from a government. Whether a

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has 43 universities, with 37 being public universities. The

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Dennis, Farrington; Palfreyman, David (21 February 2011).

3814:(in Serbian). Statistical Office of Serbia. 25 June 2019. 2024:, is one of the most prestigious universities in Ukraine. 4393:

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Until the 1970s, Belgium had two state universities: the

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choose public universities for their tertiary education.

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Much of this land came from Native American tribal land.

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Article L731-14 of the Code de l'éducation states that "

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Historically, many of the prestigious universities in

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With 79,232 students as of the 2022-23 academic year,

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The most prestigious universities are the state-run

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on education, compared to the 7% recommended by the

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scholarships are available for low-income students.

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are generally public colleges. They typically offer

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Ministry of Higher Education and Scientific Research

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BBC News – Scots universities set tuition fee rates

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Study In Turkey. Retrieved on 2013-07-17. 2690:Rutgers, the State University of New Jersey 2659:University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill 1457:List of universities and colleges in France 1377:The state runs most public universities in 1271:were operated under the legislation of the 995:Technological University of the Philippines 489:higher reputation domestically and globally 5015: 5001: 4825:International Forum of Public Universities 4816: 4802: 4254: 3521:University Grants Commission of Bangladesh 2151:Freedom of Information (Scotland) Act 2002 2136:private universities in the United Kingdom 2124:Higher Education Funding Council for Wales 1766:There are thirteen public universities, a 1735:John Paul II Catholic University of Lublin 958:Local college and university (Philippines) 954:State university and college (Philippines) 281:List of universities and colleges in Kenya 4286: 4166: 4046: 3940:. Office for Students. 19 November 2018. 3090:, all eight universities are public. The 2380:. 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Of the 65 private foundation 1673:List of universities in the Netherlands 1063:Singapore University of Social Sciences 981:that are controlled and managed by the 928:, compared to 76 private universities. 404:There are forty public universities in 14: 5525: 4605: 4429:Francis Michael Glenn Willson (2004). 4267:. Durham University. pp. 15, 24. 3714: 2777:Government of the District of Columbia 2773:University of the District of Columbia 2206:Higher Education and Research Act 2017 1525:Most higher education institutions in 690:Council for Higher Education in Israel 602:Indira Gandhi National Open University 4996: 4797: 4741:from the original on 8 September 2022 4653:from the original on January 13, 2016 4572: 4570: 4540: 4538: 4510:from the original on 21 December 2022 4359: 4274:from the original on 26 December 2014 4141: 4123:from the original on 26 December 2018 4097:from the original on 26 December 2018 4034:from the original on 26 December 2018 4004:from the original on 26 December 2018 3944:from the original on 26 December 2018 3918:from the original on 29 December 2018 3839: 3488:"Public Universities in South Africa" 3239:List of public universities in Brazil 3035:University of New England (Australia) 2721:University of California, Los Angeles 2164:Office of the Independent Adjudicator 1345:which became part of ULiège in 2004. 1146:One-third of the 150 universities in 967:University of the Philippines Diliman 924:There are 107 public universities in 515:Hong Kong Academy for Performing Arts 5505: 4624:from the original on 26 October 2020 4410:from the original on 5 February 2023 4396:. Bloomsbury Publishing. p. 7. 3968:Equality and Human Rights Commission 3261:Federal University of Rio de Janeiro 2040:Royal Holloway, University of London 1826:government of the Russian Federation 763:which offers distance learning. The 322:List of universities in South Africa 67:adding citations to reliable sources 38: 5022: 4578:"The Civil War: The Senate's Story" 4154:from the original on 6 January 2012 3360:and the private with state funding 3067:List of universities in New Zealand 2956:Queensland University of Technology 2761:United States Department of Defense 2134:. There are only six fully-fledged 950:Higher education in the Philippines 883:was the first public university in 666:Some of the public universities in 509:funds eight public universities in 24: 4606:Kiener, Robert (18 January 2013), 4567: 4535: 4055:"OFFA and £6000-9000 tuition fees" 3434:National University of Engineering 3289:Federal University of Minas Gerais 3265:Federal University of Minas Gerais 3141:Two former agricultural colleges, 2796:University of California, Berkeley 2616:University of California, Berkeley 2575:Technological University of Panama 2539:Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo León 2491:Costa Rica Institute of Technology 2473:, public universities include the 2465:List of universities in Costa Rica 2091:Universities in the United Kingdom 2001:Constructivist House of Projects, 1879:, 54 are public and funded by the 777:List of universities in Kyrgyzstan 767:is a public municipal university. 25: 5549: 4775: 4731:"List of Australian Universities" 4484:from the original on 8 March 2017 4477:. 1 June 2016. pp. 170–189. 4390:F. M. L. Thompson (1 July 1990). 4024:"Freedom of Information Act 2000" 3998:Information Commissioner's Office 3974:from the original on 14 July 2019 3821:from the original on 3 March 2021 3669:"Kyrgyz-Turkish Manas University" 3426:National University of San Marcos 3407:National University of San Marcos 3380:National University of San Marcos 3306:Mackenzie Presbyterian University 3187:List of universities in Argentina 3151:Auckland University of Technology 3124:Victoria University of Wellington 3027:University of Southern Queensland 2900:List of universities in Australia 2765:Haskell Indian Nations University 2729:University of Wisconsin–Milwaukee 2376:responsibility of the individual 2181:(a teaching-focused university). 2084: 2020:, founded in 1834 and located in 1822:Saint Petersburg State University 1075:List of universities in Sri Lanka 1059:Singapore Institute of Technology 1033:List of universities in Singapore 614:List of universities in Indonesia 531:Hang Seng University of Hong Kong 523:Hong Kong Metropolitan University 501:List of universities in Hong Kong 27:University funded by public means 5504: 5493: 5492: 4788:Public universities and colleges 4781: 4647:US News Best Global Universities 4142:Paton, Graeme (5 January 2012). 3994:"Accessing official information" 3852:from the original on 8 July 2020 3405:have been public, including the 3160: 3031:University of the Sunshine Coast 2976:Innovative Research Universities 2737:tribal colleges and universities 2698:Agricultural College Act of 1890 2626: 2314: 1047:Nanyang Technological University 1043:National University of Singapore 905:List of universities in Pakistan 843:List of universities in Malaysia 291:8-4-4 educational program system 43: 4753: 4723: 4712:from the original on 2018-04-14 4694: 4665: 4643:"Top World University Rankings" 4635: 4609:"Future of Public Universities" 4599: 4588:from the original on 2022-12-14 4556:from the original on 2022-12-14 4522: 4496: 4460: 4449:from the original on 2023-02-05 4435:. Boydell Press. pp. 7–8. 4422: 4383: 4372:from the original on 2020-09-28 4353: 4333: 4311: 4300:from the original on 2019-01-03 4186:from the original on 2015-04-08 4109: 4083: 4062:OxCHEPS Occasional Paper No. 39 4016: 3986: 3970:. 2 February 2019. p. 11. 3956: 3930: 3908:"The right to award UK degrees" 3900: 3881: 3864: 3786:from the original on 2020-10-02 3768: 3739: 3727:from the original on 2021-11-02 3708: 3650:from the original on 2007-11-22 3622:from the original on 2011-09-22 2964:University of Technology Sydney 2933:University of Western Australia 2860: 2831: 2806:, including the members of the 2757:United States Service academies 2449:University of Ottawa (Catholic) 2425:St Mary's University (Catholic) 2294: 2271: 2255: 2246: 2237: 2227: 2147:Freedom of Information Act 2000 1989:List of universities in Ukraine 1622:Polytechnic University of Milan 1529:are public and operated by the 1521:List of universities in Germany 1432:are public and free of charge. 1424:List of universities in Finland 1373:List of universities in Croatia 1263:List of universities in Belgium 1225:List of universities in Austria 1194:List of universities in Vietnam 1051:Singapore Management University 829:are the public universities in 517:also receives funding from the 354:List of universities in Tunisia 315: 304:List of universities in Nigeria 54:needs additional citations for 5533:Types of university or college 4319:"FAQs – special circumstances" 4174:"Financial Statements 2013–14" 3686: 3661: 3636: 3606: 3581: 3555: 3531: 3509: 3480: 3438:Federico Villarreal University 3271:, and the Federal Institutes. 3197:National University of Córdoba 3157:under the Education Act 1989. 3153:was established in 2000 by an 3060: 2937:Australian National University 2781:District of Columbia home rule 2531:Instituto Politécnico Nacional 2518:List of universities in Mexico 2429:Queen's University at Kingston 2026:National University of Kharkiv 2003:National University of Kharkiv 1935:List of universities in Turkey 1898:List of universities in Sweden 1838:List of universities in Serbia 1725:List of universities in Poland 1692:List of universities in Norway 1666: 1585:National University of Ireland 1558:List of universities in Greece 1389:University of Southern Denmark 1304:Faculty of Veterinary Medicine 1127:List of universities in Taiwan 983:Commission on Higher Education 943: 761:Korea National Open University 744: 422:List of universities in Brunei 13: 1: 5292:Needle and syringe programmes 5146:Universal access to education 4360:Adams, Richard (2016-11-22). 3517:"List of Public Universities" 3474: 3442:National University of Callao 3337:List of universities in Chile 3051:University of New South Wales 3015:Central Queensland University 3011:Regional Universities Network 2968:University of South Australia 2948:Australian Technology Network 2925:University of New South Wales 2759:that are administered by the 2663:College of William & Mary 2550:College of William & Mary 2487:National Technical University 2458: 2445:McMaster University (Baptist) 2441:St. Francis Xavier University 1871:List of universities in Spain 1700:are public and state-funded. 1639:List of universities in Italy 1568:higher education institutions 987:University of the Philippines 861:List of universities in Nepal 813:List of universities in Macau 770: 715:Tokyo Metropolitan University 547:List of universities in India 527:Hong Kong Shue Yan University 440:List of universities in China 378: 204:List of universities in Egypt 4339:Black, Andrew. (2011-10-03) 3715:Glavin, Chris (2019-03-13). 3567:U.S. News & World Report 3469: 3397:List of universities in Peru 3222:Federal University of Paraná 3180: 2893: 2839:University of South Carolina 2743:, and some colleges where a 2710:Education Amendments of 1972 2706:Higher Education Act of 1965 2601:University of North Carolina 2306:company limited by guarantee 2304:, which is constituted as a 1780:Higher education in Portugal 1505:Catholic University of Lille 1099:University Grants Commission 1068: 1012: 999:Philippine Normal University 823:Macao Polytechnic University 647:List of universities in Iran 607: 494: 410:University Grants Commission 7: 5375:Publicly funded health care 3875:September 27, 2011, at the 3447: 3269:Federal University of Bahia 2749:City University of New York 2657:, founded in 1785, and the 2605:Chapel Hill, North Carolina 2179:University of Hertfordshire 2130:(Northern Ireland), or the 1993:Higher education in Ukraine 1755: 1696:Almost all universities in 1643:Almost all universities in 1612:National College of Ireland 1509:Catholic University of Lyon 1410:Almost all universities in 1310:; both are now part of the 1279:in 1990. Consequently, the 1267:All public universities in 1154: 1113:, which is operated by the 938:Higher Education Commission 898: 836: 827:Macao University of Tourism 507:University Grants Committee 408:. They are overseen by the 227:was founded in 970 AD as a 10: 5554: 4350:. Retrieved on 2013-07-17. 3840:Rašić, M. (10 June 2017). 3394: 3334: 3236: 3201:University of Buenos Aires 3184: 3170:University of Buenos Aires 3064: 2897: 2873: 2824: 2630: 2535:Universidad de Guadalajara 2515: 2462: 2338: 2302:London School of Economics 2128:Department for the Economy 2088: 2008:After the collapse of the 1986: 1982: 1932: 1895: 1875:Of the 74 universities in 1868: 1835: 1805: 1759: 1722: 1689: 1670: 1636: 1599: 1595: 1555: 1518: 1514: 1454: 1421: 1417: 1403: 1399: 1370: 1366: 1260: 1256: 1222: 1218: 1191: 1187: 1158: 1124: 1072: 1030: 947: 902: 858: 840: 810: 774: 748: 703: 677: 644: 611: 544: 498: 465:People's Republic of China 437: 434:People's Republic of China 419: 382: 351: 347: 331:University of Johannesburg 319: 301: 297: 278: 201: 29: 5488: 5432: 5400:National health insurance 5365: 5352:Supervised injection site 5262: 5212: 5159: 5053: 5030: 4964: 4933: 4887: 4831: 3492:Universities South Africa 3366:Universidad de Concepción 3232: 3100:University of New Zealand 3098:. From 1870 to 1961, the 3019:Southern Cross University 3004:Western Sydney University 2980:Charles Darwin University 2733:Missouri State University 2560: 2511: 2483:Distance State University 2417: 2334: 2171:University College London 1928: 1891: 1831: 1801: 1718: 1685: 1551: 1450: 1198: 1180:In the late 19th century 1120: 1007:Mindanao State University 1003:Batangas State University 706:Higher education in Japan 673: 444:Higher education in China 415: 192: 5395:Single-payer health care 5204:Universal basic services 5151:Universal basic services 4706:University of California 4210:. UCL. pp. 2, 8, 27 3938:"What does the law say?" 3912:Quality Assurance Agency 3614: 3330: 3128:University of Canterbury 3055:University of Wollongong 3039:Charles Sturt University 2913:University of Queensland 2769:Bureau of Indian Affairs 2735:. There are also public 2725:Arizona State University 2702:Civil Rights Act of 1964 2475:University of Costa Rica 2409:Mount Allison University 2358:Mount Allison University 2220: 2132:Scottish Funding Council 1957:institutes of technology 1939:In 2016, there were 183 1864: 1632: 1170:Chulalongkorn University 1105:founded in 1942 and the 1103:University of Peradeniya 1084:South Eastern University 930:University of the Punjab 854: 806: 699: 623:Sebelas Maret University 540: 535:Saint Francis University 274: 197: 147:Arizona State University 30:Not to be confused with 5096:Public good (economics) 4760:New Zealand Legislation 4093:. Office for Students. 3459:State university system 3390: 3249:University of São Paulo 3047:University of Newcastle 2921:University of Melbourne 2851:University of Tennessee 2682:University of Wisconsin 2678:Morrill Land-Grant Acts 2665:, founded in 1693, and 2661:, founded in 1789. The 2267:University of Cambridge 2059:University of Edinburgh 1854:University of Barcelona 1818:Moscow State University 1791:Moscow State University 1656:University of Groningen 1325:in 1971 is now part of 640: 373: 4869:Lomonosov Moscow State 3387: 3327: 3253:University of Campinas 3229: 3177: 3120:University of Auckland 3083: 2929:University of Adelaide 2890: 2694:University of Missouri 2623: 2608: 2593: 2557: 2554:Williamsburg, Virginia 2508: 2453:institutional autonomy 2394:University of Manitoba 2365: 2341:Universities in Canada 2331: 2215:chartered corporations 2211:statutory corporations 2081: 2066: 2047: 2005: 1953:technical universities 1925: 1861: 1798: 1752: 1715: 1663: 1629: 1592: 1564:constitution of Greece 1548: 1447: 1396: 1363: 1339:Province of Luxembourg 1308:Gembloux Agro-Bio Tech 1253: 1215: 1177: 1143: 1090: 1028: 974: 921: 914:University of Peshawar 877: 793: 722: 663: 630: 593: 586:University of Calcutta 578: 563: 460: 401: 368:Tunisian Baccalaureate 338: 220: 158: 5244:Public infrastructure 5081:Public administration 5066:Free-culture movement 4329:on February 28, 2012. 3378: 3318: 3308:of São Paulo and the 3297:research publications 3220: 3168: 3136:University of Waikato 3074: 3023:Federation University 2984:James Cook University 2881: 2804:liberal arts colleges 2686:Iowa State University 2655:University of Georgia 2614: 2599: 2586:University of Georgia 2583: 2547: 2499: 2390:University of Alberta 2382:University of Toronto 2356: 2324:University of Toronto 2322: 2072: 2053: 2038: 2000: 1916: 1902:Most universities in 1852: 1789: 1745:University of Coimbra 1743: 1708:University of Wrocław 1706: 1654: 1620: 1583: 1539: 1438: 1387: 1355: 1327:University of Antwerp 1244: 1206: 1168: 1134: 1107:University of Colombo 1082: 1061:founded in 2009, and 1020: 965: 934:University of Karachi 912: 889:Purbanchal University 868: 784: 738:national universities 731:Ministry of Education 713: 654: 621: 584: 569: 554: 451: 426:Most universities in 392: 329: 269:Suez Canal University 241:Alexandria University 211: 144: 4790:at Wikimedia Commons 4546:"Morrill Act (1862)" 3358:Universidad de Chile 3320:Universidad de Chile 3096:Provincial Ordinance 2917:University of Sydney 2883:University of Sydney 2847:Vincennes University 2745:municipal government 2620:Berkeley, California 2571:University of Panama 2437:Dalhousie University 2286:Newcastle University 2282:University of London 2263:University of Oxford 2194:University of London 2118:for institutions in 2102:for institutions in 1881:autonomous community 1768:university institute 1428:All universities in 1208:University of Vienna 1136:University of Taipei 881:Tribhuvan University 870:Tribhuwan University 656:University of Tehran 571:University of Madras 556:University of Mumbai 257:Beni-Suef University 249:Ain Shams University 63:improve this article 5538:Public universities 5480:Public viewing area 5249:Public water system 5237:Municipal broadband 5194:Public broadcasting 4530:Ronald G. Ehrenberg 3464:National university 3212:scientific research 3132:University of Otago 3092:University of Otago 3076:University of Otago 2996:Flinders University 2992:La Trobe University 2988:Griffith University 2818:associate's degrees 2794:. For example, the 2584:Old College at the 2479:National University 2116:Office for Students 1918:Boğaziçi University 1908:Education in Sweden 1772:distance university 1440:Sorbonne University 1357:University of Split 1335:Province of Limburg 1312:University of Liège 1296:University of Liège 1273:national government 1115:Ministry of Defence 819:University of Macau 765:University of Seoul 696:degrees in Israel. 485:vocational colleges 475:governments or are 394:Barishal University 225:Al-Azhar University 183:national university 78:"Public university" 5445:Government auction 5131:Public procurement 4765:2015-03-18 at the 4504:"Higher education" 4346:2018-08-20 at the 4028:legislation.gov.uk 3914:. 22 August 2018. 3893:2020-02-11 at the 3454:Private university 3388: 3328: 3230: 3178: 3147:Lincoln University 3084: 3000:Murdoch University 2891: 2667:Rutgers University 2624: 2609: 2594: 2558: 2509: 2366: 2332: 2082: 2074:Swansea University 2067: 2048: 2006: 1973:military academies 1926: 1862: 1799: 1753: 1716: 1664: 1630: 1593: 1549: 1448: 1397: 1364: 1331:Hasselt University 1319:University of Mons 1254: 1216: 1178: 1144: 1091: 1029: 975: 922: 893:Pokhara University 878: 876:, Kathmandu, Nepal 794: 723: 664: 631: 594: 579: 564: 481:central government 461: 402: 339: 261:Zagazig University 221: 187:private university 179:owned by the state 159: 5520: 5519: 5347:Public university 5327:Public open space 5272:Drinking fountain 5232:Telecommunication 4990: 4989: 4786:Media related to 4550:National Archives 4506:. Privy Council. 4242:on 8 January 2015 3595:. August 15, 2023 3351:developed nations 3143:Massey University 2960:Curtin University 2941:Monash University 2671:colonial colleges 2643:state governments 2405:McGill University 2372:, education is a 2278:Durham University 2175:Durham University 2143:Equality Act 2010 1572:Academy of Athens 1562:According to the 1541:Academy of Athens 1337:. Similarly, the 1298:(ULiège) and the 1065:founded in 2017. 1053:founded in 2000, 1045:founded in 1905, 453:Peking University 253:Helwan University 245:Assiut University 163:public university 139: 138: 131: 113: 18:Public University 16:(Redirected from 5545: 5508: 5507: 5496: 5495: 5407:Social insurance 5254:Waste management 5222:Electric utility 5199:Public transport 5116:Public ownership 5035:Municipalization 5017: 5010: 5003: 4994: 4993: 4977:Cheikh Anta Diop 4951:Jawaharlal Nehru 4818: 4811: 4804: 4795: 4794: 4785: 4770: 4757: 4751: 4750: 4748: 4746: 4727: 4721: 4720: 4718: 4717: 4698: 4692: 4691: 4689: 4688: 4679:. Archived from 4677:Shanghai Ranking 4669: 4663: 4662: 4660: 4658: 4639: 4633: 4632: 4631: 4629: 4611: 4603: 4597: 4596: 4594: 4593: 4574: 4565: 4564: 4562: 4561: 4542: 4533: 4526: 4520: 4519: 4517: 4515: 4500: 4494: 4493: 4491: 4489: 4483: 4472: 4464: 4458: 4457: 4455: 4454: 4426: 4420: 4419: 4417: 4415: 4387: 4381: 4380: 4378: 4377: 4357: 4351: 4337: 4331: 4330: 4325:. 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Archived from 3513: 3507: 3506: 3504: 3503: 3494:. Archived from 3484: 3155:Order in Council 2867: 2864: 2858: 2835: 2741:Native Americans 2439:(Nonsectarian), 2422: 2421: 2419:Université Laval 2345:College (Canada) 2308: 2298: 2292: 2275: 2269: 2259: 2253: 2250: 2244: 2241: 2235: 2231: 2112:Northern Ireland 1300:Ghent University 1246:Ghent University 797:Manas University 786:Manas University 265:Benha University 237:Cairo University 213:Cairo University 134: 127: 123: 120: 114: 112: 71: 47: 39: 21: 5553: 5552: 5548: 5547: 5546: 5544: 5543: 5542: 5523: 5522: 5521: 5516: 5484: 5470:Public security 5460:Public offering 5428: 5417:Social security 5367:Social services 5361: 5317:Public hospital 5312:Public computer 5307:Public bookcase 5258: 5208: 5177:Law enforcement 5172:Fire department 5155: 5106:Public interest 5049: 5045:Progressive tax 5040:Nationalization 5026: 5024:Public services 5021: 4991: 4986: 4960: 4929: 4883: 4827: 4822: 4778: 4773: 4767:Wayback Machine 4758: 4754: 4744: 4742: 4735:Study Australia 4729: 4728: 4724: 4715: 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3807: 3803: 3802: 3798: 3789: 3787: 3774: 3773: 3769: 3760: 3758: 3745: 3744: 3740: 3730: 3728: 3713: 3709: 3692: 3691: 3687: 3678: 3676: 3667: 3666: 3662: 3653: 3651: 3642: 3641: 3637: 3625: 3623: 3616: 3612: 3611: 3607: 3598: 3596: 3593:ShanghaiRanking 3587: 3586: 3582: 3572: 3570: 3561: 3560: 3556: 3547: 3545: 3543:ShanghaiRanking 3537: 3536: 3532: 3515: 3514: 3510: 3501: 3499: 3486: 3485: 3481: 3477: 3472: 3450: 3399: 3393: 3339: 3333: 3241: 3235: 3189: 3183: 3163: 3069: 3063: 3043:New South Wales 2952:RMIT University 2902: 2896: 2876: 2871: 2870: 2865: 2861: 2843:Ohio University 2836: 2832: 2827: 2635: 2629: 2622:, United States 2607:, United States 2592:, United States 2590:Athens, Georgia 2563: 2556:, United States 2520: 2514: 2467: 2461: 2351: 2337: 2317: 2312: 2311: 2299: 2295: 2276: 2272: 2260: 2256: 2251: 2247: 2242: 2238: 2232: 2228: 2223: 2186:devolved matter 2093: 2087: 1995: 1985: 1937: 1931: 1900: 1894: 1873: 1867: 1840: 1834: 1810: 1804: 1764: 1758: 1727: 1721: 1694: 1688: 1675: 1669: 1641: 1635: 1604: 1598: 1560: 1554: 1523: 1517: 1459: 1453: 1426: 1420: 1408: 1402: 1375: 1369: 1265: 1259: 1227: 1221: 1201: 1196: 1190: 1163: 1157: 1129: 1123: 1077: 1071: 1035: 1015: 960: 946: 907: 901: 863: 857: 845: 839: 815: 809: 779: 773: 753: 747: 708: 702: 682: 676: 649: 643: 616: 610: 549: 543: 503: 497: 446: 436: 424: 418: 387: 381: 376: 356: 350: 324: 318: 306: 300: 283: 277: 206: 200: 195: 135: 124: 118: 115: 72: 70: 60: 48: 35: 28: 23: 22: 15: 12: 11: 5: 5551: 5541: 5540: 5535: 5518: 5517: 5515: 5514: 5502: 5489: 5486: 5485: 5483: 5482: 5477: 5472: 5467: 5462: 5457: 5455:Public holiday 5452: 5447: 5442: 5436: 5434: 5430: 5429: 5427: 5426: 5424:Youth services 5421: 5420: 5419: 5414: 5412:Social pension 5404: 5403: 5402: 5392: 5387: 5382: 5380:Public housing 5377: 5371: 5369: 5363: 5362: 5360: 5359: 5354: 5349: 5344: 5339: 5334: 5329: 5324: 5322:Public library 5319: 5314: 5309: 5304: 5299: 5294: 5289: 5287:Infrastructure 5284: 5282:Free education 5279: 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4402: 4382: 4352: 4332: 4310: 4285: 4253: 4221: 4196: 4165: 4134: 4108: 4082: 4045: 4015: 3985: 3955: 3929: 3899: 3880: 3863: 3848:(in Serbian). 3832: 3796: 3767: 3738: 3707: 3704:on 2008-03-09. 3698:app.hec.gov.pk 3685: 3660: 3635: 3605: 3580: 3569:. 25 June 2024 3554: 3530: 3527:on 2015-08-20. 3508: 3478: 3476: 3473: 3471: 3468: 3467: 3466: 3461: 3456: 3449: 3446: 3411:admission test 3392: 3389: 3347:United Nations 3332: 3329: 3234: 3231: 3182: 3179: 3162: 3159: 3062: 3059: 2909:Group of Eight 2895: 2892: 2875: 2872: 2869: 2868: 2859: 2829: 2828: 2826: 2823: 2753:Quincy College 2717:normal schools 2628: 2625: 2562: 2559: 2513: 2510: 2460: 2457: 2388:model and the 2374:constitutional 2336: 2333: 2316: 2313: 2310: 2309: 2293: 2290:Royal Holloway 2270: 2254: 2245: 2236: 2225: 2224: 2222: 2219: 2086: 2085:United Kingdom 2083: 2030:Eastern Europe 1984: 1981: 1977:police academy 1930: 1927: 1893: 1890: 1866: 1863: 1833: 1830: 1803: 1800: 1757: 1754: 1720: 1717: 1687: 1684: 1668: 1665: 1634: 1631: 1597: 1594: 1553: 1550: 1516: 1513: 1481:grandes écoles 1468:grandes écoles 1452: 1449: 1419: 1416: 1401: 1398: 1368: 1365: 1361:Spilt, Croatia 1258: 1255: 1220: 1217: 1200: 1197: 1189: 1186: 1156: 1153: 1122: 1119: 1070: 1067: 1049:founded 1981, 1014: 1011: 945: 942: 900: 897: 856: 853: 838: 835: 808: 805: 772: 769: 746: 743: 701: 698: 675: 672: 642: 639: 609: 606: 542: 539: 496: 493: 435: 432: 417: 414: 380: 377: 375: 372: 349: 346: 337:, South Africa 317: 314: 299: 296: 276: 273: 199: 196: 194: 191: 167:public college 151:Tempe, Arizona 137: 136: 51: 49: 42: 26: 9: 6: 4: 3: 2: 5550: 5539: 5536: 5534: 5531: 5530: 5528: 5513: 5512: 5503: 5501: 5500: 5491: 5490: 5487: 5481: 5478: 5476: 5473: 5471: 5468: 5466: 5465:Public sector 5463: 5461: 5458: 5456: 5453: 5451: 5448: 5446: 5443: 5441: 5438: 5437: 5435: 5431: 5425: 5422: 5418: 5415: 5413: 5410: 5409: 5408: 5405: 5401: 5398: 5397: 5396: 5393: 5391: 5390:Job guarantee 5388: 5386: 5383: 5381: 5378: 5376: 5373: 5372: 5370: 5368: 5364: 5358: 5355: 5353: 5350: 5348: 5345: 5343: 5342:Public toilet 5340: 5338: 5335: 5333: 5332:Public school 5330: 5328: 5325: 5323: 5320: 5318: 5315: 5313: 5310: 5308: 5305: 5303: 5300: 5298: 5295: 5293: 5290: 5288: 5285: 5283: 5280: 5278: 5275: 5273: 5270: 5269: 5267: 5265: 5261: 5255: 5252: 5250: 5247: 5245: 5242: 5238: 5235: 5234: 5233: 5230: 5228: 5227:Oil & gas 5225: 5223: 5220: 5219: 5217: 5215: 5211: 5205: 5202: 5200: 5197: 5195: 5192: 5188: 5185: 5184: 5183: 5180: 5178: 5175: 5173: 5170: 5168: 5167:Civil service 5165: 5164: 5162: 5158: 5152: 5149: 5147: 5144: 5142: 5139: 5137: 5134: 5132: 5129: 5127: 5126:Public rights 5124: 5122: 5121:Public policy 5119: 5117: 5114: 5112: 5109: 5107: 5104: 5102: 5101:Public health 5099: 5097: 5094: 5092: 5091:Public domain 5089: 5087: 5084: 5082: 5079: 5077: 5074: 5072: 5069: 5067: 5064: 5062: 5059: 5058: 5056: 5052: 5046: 5043: 5041: 5038: 5036: 5033: 5032: 5029: 5025: 5018: 5013: 5011: 5006: 5004: 4999: 4998: 4995: 4983: 4980: 4978: 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Telegraph 4145: 4138: 4122: 4118: 4112: 4096: 4092: 4086: 4067: 4063: 4056: 4049: 4033: 4029: 4025: 4019: 4003: 3999: 3995: 3989: 3973: 3969: 3965: 3959: 3943: 3939: 3933: 3917: 3913: 3909: 3903: 3896: 3892: 3889: 3884: 3878: 3874: 3871: 3867: 3851: 3847: 3843: 3836: 3817: 3813: 3806: 3800: 3785: 3781: 3777: 3771: 3757:on 2015-12-22 3756: 3752: 3748: 3747:"Collegegeld" 3742: 3726: 3722: 3721:K12 Academics 3718: 3711: 3703: 3699: 3695: 3689: 3675:on 2013-11-19 3674: 3670: 3664: 3649: 3645: 3639: 3632: 3621: 3617: 3609: 3594: 3590: 3584: 3568: 3564: 3558: 3544: 3540: 3534: 3526: 3522: 3518: 3512: 3498:on 2022-12-14 3497: 3493: 3489: 3483: 3479: 3465: 3462: 3460: 3457: 3455: 3452: 3451: 3445: 3443: 3439: 3435: 3431: 3427: 3423: 3419: 3414: 3412: 3408: 3404: 3398: 3385: 3381: 3377: 3373: 3371: 3367: 3363: 3359: 3354: 3352: 3348: 3344: 3338: 3325: 3321: 3317: 3313: 3311: 3307: 3301: 3298: 3292: 3290: 3284: 3282: 3278: 3272: 3270: 3266: 3262: 3258: 3254: 3250: 3246: 3240: 3227: 3223: 3219: 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The 2770: 2766: 2762: 2758: 2754: 2750: 2746: 2742: 2738: 2734: 2730: 2726: 2722: 2718: 2713: 2711: 2707: 2703: 2699: 2695: 2691: 2687: 2683: 2679: 2674: 2672: 2668: 2664: 2660: 2656: 2652: 2647: 2644: 2640: 2639:United States 2634: 2627:United States 2621: 2617: 2613: 2606: 2602: 2598: 2591: 2587: 2582: 2578: 2576: 2572: 2568: 2555: 2551: 2546: 2542: 2540: 2536: 2532: 2528: 2524: 2519: 2506: 2502: 2498: 2494: 2492: 2488: 2484: 2480: 2476: 2472: 2466: 2456: 2454: 2450: 2446: 2442: 2438: 2434: 2430: 2426: 2420: 2414: 2413:United Church 2410: 2406: 2402: 2397: 2395: 2391: 2387: 2383: 2379: 2375: 2371: 2363: 2362:Sackville, NB 2359: 2355: 2350: 2346: 2342: 2329: 2325: 2321: 2315:North America 2307: 2303: 2297: 2291: 2287: 2283: 2279: 2274: 2268: 2264: 2258: 2249: 2240: 2230: 2226: 2218: 2216: 2212: 2207: 2202: 2200: 2195: 2190: 2187: 2182: 2180: 2176: 2172: 2167: 2165: 2160: 2155: 2152: 2148: 2144: 2139: 2137: 2133: 2129: 2125: 2121: 2117: 2113: 2109: 2105: 2101: 2100:Privy Council 2096: 2092: 2079: 2075: 2071: 2064: 2060: 2056: 2052: 2045: 2041: 2037: 2033: 2031: 2027: 2023: 2019: 2015: 2011: 2004: 1999: 1994: 1990: 1980: 1978: 1974: 1970: 1966: 1962: 1958: 1954: 1950: 1946: 1942: 1936: 1923: 1919: 1915: 1911: 1909: 1905: 1899: 1889: 1885: 1882: 1878: 1872: 1859: 1855: 1851: 1847: 1845: 1839: 1829: 1827: 1823: 1819: 1815: 1809: 1796: 1792: 1788: 1784: 1781: 1777: 1773: 1769: 1763: 1750: 1746: 1742: 1738: 1736: 1732: 1726: 1713: 1709: 1705: 1701: 1699: 1693: 1683: 1680: 1674: 1662:, Netherlands 1661: 1657: 1653: 1649: 1646: 1640: 1627: 1623: 1619: 1615: 1613: 1609: 1603: 1590: 1586: 1582: 1578: 1575: 1573: 1569: 1565: 1559: 1546: 1542: 1538: 1534: 1532: 1528: 1522: 1512: 1510: 1506: 1502: 1497: 1495: 1491: 1487: 1483: 1482: 1478: 1474: 1470: 1469: 1464: 1458: 1445: 1441: 1437: 1433: 1431: 1425: 1415: 1413: 1407: 1394: 1390: 1386: 1382: 1380: 1374: 1362: 1358: 1354: 1350: 1346: 1344: 1340: 1336: 1332: 1328: 1324: 1320: 1315: 1313: 1309: 1305: 1301: 1297: 1292: 1290: 1286: 1282: 1278: 1274: 1270: 1264: 1251: 1247: 1243: 1239: 1236: 1232: 1226: 1213: 1209: 1205: 1195: 1185: 1183: 1175: 1171: 1167: 1162: 1152: 1149: 1141: 1137: 1133: 1128: 1118: 1116: 1112: 1108: 1104: 1100: 1096: 1089: 1085: 1081: 1076: 1066: 1064: 1060: 1056: 1052: 1048: 1044: 1040: 1034: 1027: 1023: 1019: 1010: 1008: 1004: 1000: 996: 992: 988: 984: 980: 973:, Philippines 972: 968: 964: 959: 955: 951: 941: 939: 935: 931: 927: 919: 915: 911: 906: 896: 894: 890: 886: 882: 875: 871: 867: 862: 852: 850: 844: 834: 832: 828: 824: 820: 814: 804: 802: 798: 791: 787: 783: 778: 768: 766: 762: 758: 752: 742: 739: 734: 732: 728: 720: 716: 712: 707: 697: 695: 691: 687: 681: 671: 669: 661: 657: 653: 648: 638: 636: 628: 624: 620: 615: 605: 603: 599: 591: 587: 583: 576: 572: 568: 561: 557: 553: 548: 538: 536: 532: 528: 524: 520: 516: 512: 508: 502: 492: 490: 486: 482: 478: 474: 470: 466: 458: 454: 450: 445: 441: 431: 429: 423: 413: 411: 407: 399: 395: 391: 386: 371: 369: 365: 361: 355: 345: 343: 336: 332: 328: 323: 313: 311: 305: 295: 292: 288: 282: 272: 270: 267:in 1976, and 266: 262: 258: 254: 250: 246: 242: 238: 234: 230: 226: 218: 214: 210: 205: 190: 188: 184: 180: 176: 172: 168: 164: 156: 155:United States 152: 148: 143: 133: 130: 122: 119:December 2022 111: 108: 104: 101: 97: 94: 90: 87: 83: 80: – 79: 75: 74:Find sources: 68: 64: 58: 57: 52:This article 50: 46: 41: 40: 37: 33: 32:Public school 19: 5509: 5497: 5450:Public float 5385:Job creation 5346: 5337:Public space 5264:Public works 5141:Public value 5136:Public trust 4910:Buenos Aires 4755: 4743:. 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