699:("Speyer, Protestation of"), "On 12 April 1529 the evangelical rulers submitted a written declaration to the diet that constituted an early draft of the subsequent protestation. . . . On 19 April . . . the first protestation followed. It was rejected. Accordingly, the evangelical estates presented a second protestation on 20 April which repeated the previous day's arguments in greater detail. . . . The protestation received legal status through the appeal that the Protestant princes and imperial cities lodged before two notaries in Speyer on 25 April 1529. This appeal contained a report on the proceedings between majority and minority and all important documents. The text was immediately disseminted in print," etc. (vol. 4, p. 104).
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451:"Those that until now have followed the Edict of Worms should continue to do so. In the areas where this has been deviated from, there shall be no further new developments and no-one shall be refused Mass. Finally, the sects which contradict the sacrament of the true body and blood, shall absolutely not be tolerated, no more than the Anabaptists."
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on p. 27 of the edition ed. J. Ney. "Approximate original," I say, because according to Ney, “The protesting princes retained apparently no copy of the
Protestation written down in a hurry and handed over to the Reichstag. For this reason , only the ‘approximate’ content of the Protestation
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On 19 April, the majority of representatives accepted the revocation of the 1526 edict. The evangelicals were told that they should yield "to the fair and proper decisions" of the majority. At this point the evangelical princes left the hall. When they returned somewhat later, Ferdinand wanted to
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At the final sitting of the Diet on 24 April, the "decision of the Diet" was once more read out, but no word was said of the protest by the evangelical princes. In response the councils of the evangelical princes and the agents of the Free Cities met on 25 April and drew up a
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In his opening address, Ferdinand gave the decision of the
Emperor: the annulment of the Diet's decision in 1526, recognition of "great mistakes and misunderstanding", and the threat of Imperial ban against "seduction by false beliefs". Until clarification from another
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leave the hall and refused to listen to them. So their objection was read out: they protested against the decision of the majority, to undo the decision of the 1526 Reichstag. Ferdinand demanded that they "accept and obey the decision".
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The "Letter of
Protestation" was signed by Johann, Elector of Saxony, Georg, Margrave of Brandenburg, Ernst, Duke of Braunschweig-Lüneburg, Philipp, Landgrave of Hesse, and Wolfgang, Prince of Anhalt.
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decided that every prince should hold whichever religious beliefs he could justify before his King and God.
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all further new developments would remain forbidden. He also made further declarations:
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handed over on the 19 April could be included in the
Instrument of Appellation" (
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1529 petition of the Holy Roman Empire against an imperial ban of Martin Luther
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Bernhard B(P)aumgärtner, representative of Nürnberg
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Sebastian Hagelstein, representative of Windsheim
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Wilhelm IV. of Bavaria
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754:"Glossary". Totowa, N.J., Rowman and Littlefield. p. 220.
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Bürgermeister Christoph Kreß, representative of Nürnberg
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Bürgermeister Josef Weiß, representative of Reutlingen
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the adherents of the reform movement became known as "
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Probst Balthasar von Waldkirch, imperial commissioner
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Councillor Jakob Sturm, representative of Straßburg
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684:original German of the Appellation of 25 April
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702:An English translation of the Protestation.
543:Erhard Schnepf, chaplain of Philip of Hesse
682:on p. 50 of the edition ed. J. Ney;
109:Learn how and when to remove this message
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728:Here I Stand – A Life of Martin Luther
697:Oxford encyclopedia of the Reformation
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462:"Letter of Protestation"
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183:Luther Monument in Worms
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750:Pill, David H. (1973).
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