1996:
121:, and essentially re-allocated several of the rarely used heater designations (first letter of the part number) for semiconductors. The second letter was used in a similar way to the valves naming convention: "A" for signal diode, "C" for low-power bipolar transistor or triode, "D" for high-power transistor (or triode), and "Y" for rectifier, but other letter designations did not follow the vacuum tube mode so closely.
1273:(see below) and the operating temperature range was encoded in the last digit of the serial number. The specification was changed in 1973 to allow longer serial numbers. For designations with a serial number of more than three digits the third initial letter encodes the temperature range. Optionally, a version letter (A, B, ...) and / or a package designation can follow after the serial number.
416:) P=300mA C=triode U=100mA F=pentode (low power) L=pentode (high power) Y=Single-phase rectifier Z=Full-wave rectifier * Note: some 6.3 volt heater types have a split heater allowing series (12.6 volt; the default for
1272:
The integrated circuit designation consists of three letters, followed by a serial number of three to five digits. Initially, only three-digit serial numbers were allowed. For designations with a three-digit serial number the third initial letter had a defined meaning for digital integrated circuits
1105:
BC549C / |--- \___ variant (A,B,C for transistors implies low, medium or high gain) / | \____ serial number (at least 3 digits or letter and 2 digits) / device type: A=Ge A=Signal diode B=Si C=LF low-power transistor D=LF Power transistor F=RF transistor (or
1942:), an FCH131 is a dual 4-input NAND gate, and an FLH131 is an 8-input NAND gate (equivalent to 7430). To lessen the confusion at least for the 7400 series, at some point manufacturers included the well-known 7400 series designation both in their literature and on the integrated circuits themselves.
124:
The three digits (or letter followed by two digits) after the first two letters were essentially a sequence number, with (at first) a vestige of the valve-era convention that the first one or two digits would indicate the base (package) type in examples such as in this family of general-purpose
65:
The goal of Pro
Electron is to allow unambiguous identification of electronic parts, even when made by several different manufacturers. To this end, manufacturers register new devices with the agency and receive new type designators for them.
2496:
1483:
1344:
832:
the last digit often indicated a particular specification or application grouping, e.g. the AF117 and AF127 were similar IF amplifier devices in different cases; the BC109, BC149, BC169 and BC549 are similar low-noise
820:
Following these two letters is a 3- or 4-digit serial number (or another letter then digits), assigned by Pro
Electron. It is not always merely a sequence number; there is sometimes information conveyed in the number:
1567:
1452:
1134:
used designations derived from the Pro
Electron scheme. In particular, the first letter specifying the material differed while the second letter followed the table above (with the few exceptions for KME noted below).
211:
Unlike the tube naming convention, if there are two transistors in a single envelope, the type letter was never repeated - so a dual NPN RF transistor might get a type "BFM505" rather than something like "BFF505" for
825:
In early devices only, the serial number often indicated the case/package type (e.g. AF114-7 for TO-5 case, while AF124-7 were TO-72 versions of the same transistors); modern surface-mount devices often begin with
2035:
1671:
1614:
1099:
Note: A BC546 might only be marked "C546" by some manufacturers, thus possibly creating confusion with JIS abbreviated markings, because a transistor marked "C546" might also be a 2SC546.
1690:
202:, other than some special (e.g. television signal-processing) chips, did not greatly take hold (even in Europe). Other popular designation systems were used for many integrated circuits.
1118:, and Cuba mostly used Pro Electron designations for discrete semiconductors just like Western Europe. Starting in 1971, in Poland the letter "P" was inserted, e.g. BUY54 became BUY
845:
Suffixes may be used, letters or perhaps blocks of digits delimited by "/" or "-" from the serial number, often without fixed meanings but some of the more common conventions are:
1441:
2343:
1652:
2117:
TGL 38015: Halbleiterbauelemente; Diskrete
Halbleiterbauelemente und integrierte Halbleiterschaltkreise; Bildung der Typbezeichnung und Gestaltung der Typkennzeichnung
2042:
1115:
228:"L" in the context of transistors designates RF power (transmitting) transistors; for valves it meant a high-power pentode tube (the usual choice for power RF)
2377:
1710:
2088:
Matuschek (1973). "Typenbezeichnungssystem für polnische
Halbleiterbauelemente" [System of type designations for Polish semiconductor devices].
198:
Pro
Electron naming for transistors and Zener diodes has been widely taken up by semiconductor manufactures around the world. Pro Electron naming of
2115:
2122:
TGL 38015: Semiconductor
Devices; Discrete Semiconductor Devices and Integrated Semiconductor Circuits; Formation of Type Designation and Marking
1986:
1748:
FCH171 // \ \__ serial number (including temperature range) // \___ H=gate ("Combinatorial circuit"), J=flip-flop, K=monostable, L=
2181:
215:
Although some of the most popular devices conform to a pattern of serial numbers that identified package type and polarity, many do not.
408:/ \___ one letter per valve unit in the tube: D=1.4v or less A=single-diode (low power) E=6.3v* B=double-diode (
155:
863:
for voltage reference diodes letters show the tolerance ("A","B","C","D","E" indicate 1%/2%/5%/10*/20%) and may be followed by the V
2352:
1934:
Unfortunately the serial number does not specify the same type of gate in each family, e.g. while an FJH131 is a quadruple 2-input
2491:
752:
1106:
FET) P=Photosensitive transistor etc. T=Triac or thyristor Y=Rectifier diode Z=Zener diode
1981:
1961:
1253:
386:
118:
1808:
1773:
2390:
2155:
1249:
1723:
1920:
1904:
1832:
1812:
1800:
1389:
1123:
218:
The letters assigned for the second character of transistor and diode type numbers differ in several ways, e.g.
2517:
2419:
2512:
1956:
1261:
1131:
799:
829:
early silicon transistors followed the convention of using a middle digit of 0-5 for NPN and 6-9 for PNP.
2522:
2222:
1860:
1761:
1729:
1472:
2435:
1976:
552:
2259:
2076:
672:, programmable unijunction transistors (PUT), silicon bidirectional switch (SBS), opto-triacs etc.
1556:
1296:
2293:
Discrete
Semiconductors - Integrated Circuits - Power Semiconductors - Delivery Program 1973/74
1971:
1327:
669:
32:
2460:
1314:
2319:
1896:
1872:
1844:
405:
1966:
1880:
1852:
1704:
764:
642:
282:
98:
1745:
The combination of first letter and second letter is assigned to a specific manufacturer.
8:
874:
Examples of suffixes and manufacturers' extensions to the basic sequence number include:
772:
199:
113:
Pro
Electron took the popular European coding system in use from around 1934 for valves (
205:
2001:
1331:
565:
400:/ \ \\__ last digit(s)=serial number / \ \__ first digit(s)=base (3=8pin 8,18,80=
2415:
2386:
2097:
1684:
1665:
302:
298:
86:
231:"Z" is used for semiconductor Zener diodes instead of (full-wave) rectifier valves (
1757:
1067:
278:
255:(or any semiconductor with junctions in a material with a band gap of 0.6 to 1.0eV)
44:
24:
1102:
Short summary of the most common semiconductor diode and transistor designations:
1646:
1360:
993:
917:
836:
some modern devices use letters, such as "B" to indicate HBT bipolar transistors.
795:
740:
627:
597:
593:
526:
338:
2412:
Marking of domestic and foreign electronic components, reference guide, volume 2
2065:
1309:
274:
2291:
2506:
2101:
1749:
609:
401:
342:
28:
1127:
512:
241:
2041:(16 ed.). Brussels, Belgium: Pro Electron. July 2010. Archived from
1939:
1928:
1912:
1840:
1824:
803:
270:
232:
114:
92:
40:
2499:, Pro-Electron, Brussels, Belgium, 6/2008; with tube designation systems
2497:
European Type
Designation Code System for Electronic Components (15 ed)
1888:
1868:
1856:
1848:
1788:
1776:
1226:
Optoisolator (varicaps were included with other diodes under letter A)
623:
79:
2408:Маркировка радиодеталей отечественных и зарубежных Справ. пособие т. 2
1935:
1357:
Digital integrated circuit that is not part of a family ("solitary")
914:
897:
703:
657:
252:
206:
Differences between Pro Electron and earlier valve-naming conventions
1995:
1864:
1234:
MOSFET (Pro Electron includes MOSFETs in letters C, D, F, L, S, U)
768:
294:
51:
2379:
Handbook of Integrated Circuits (IC's) Equivalents and Substitutes
2036:"European Type Designation Code System for Electronic Components"
1924:
1916:
1908:
1900:
1892:
1884:
1876:
1836:
1828:
1820:
1816:
1804:
1796:
1792:
1784:
1780:
1769:
1765:
1376:
849:
for small-signal transistors "A" to "C" often means low to high h
469:
261:
55:
428:
1036:
722:
684:
36:
1951:
1257:
707:
665:
436:
397:
173:
168:
142:
23:
is the European type designation and registration system for
856:
numeric suffixes may be used as an alternative way to show h
2128:(in German). Leipzig: Verlag für Standardisierung. May 1986
661:
578:
High-frequency, high-power transistor (for transmitters), R
365:(Mullard–Philips) tubes for a 100mA series heater supply,
2470:(in Italian). Milano: Etas Kompass. March 1973. p. 6
1753:
1001:
997:
906:
an AC127 (TO-1 case) with built-on heat-conducting block
534:
530:
417:
62:(EECA) and since then operates as an agency of the EECA.
331:(Mullard–Philips) tubes for a 300mA series heater supply
242:
Frequently used first letters in European active devices
936:
Silicon, small-signal transistor ("allround" or "G.P.")
423:
60:
European Electronic Component Manufacturers Association
2351:(in German). Heilbronn: AEG-Telefunken. Archived from
942:
the "L" indicates Base-Collector-Emitter pinout while
860:(e.g. BC327-25), or voltage rating (e.g. BUK854-800A).
277:
semiconductors with a band gap of 1.3eV or more, like
1021:
Silicon high-frequency, high-power (for transmitters)
2453:
2414:] (in Russian). Moscow: Solon-P. pp. 8–10.
2224:
Mullard semiconductors quick reference guide 1972-73
1991:
1341:
Digital integrated circuit that is part of a family
1293:
Digital integrated circuit that is part of a family
980:
the "B" suffix here indicates medium voltage (-100V
926:the "Y40" sequence number implies industrial uses,
2254:
2252:
2250:
2248:
2246:
2244:
2066:Datasheet for BC549, with A,B and C gain groupings
867:value, e.g. 6V8 for 6.8 Volts or 18V for 18 volts.
840:
2375:
2504:
2428:
2341:
1090:"C" indicates 5% tolerance, "5V6" indicates 5.6V
103:ECC83 – 6.3 volt heater noval dual triode
2241:
944:the "B" suffix indicates medium gain (240-500 h
420:pins 4 to 5) or parallel (6.3 volt) operation.
311:(Mullard–Philips) 1.4V (or less) filament tubes
74:Examples of Pro Electron type designators are:
2399:
2314:
2312:
2310:
2030:
2028:
2026:
2024:
2022:
2020:
2018:
721:High-power switching transistors, bipolar or
497:High-power, low-frequency power transistor, R
429:The first letter gives the semiconductor type
2442:(in Italian). January 1973. pp. 100–104
2286:
2284:
2282:
2280:
2157:Analog Integrated Circuits Data Book 1976/77
1109:
2307:
683:Low-power switching transistor, bipolar or
2335:
2015:
1987:East German integrated circuit designation
710:, silicon bidirectional switch (SBS), etc.
437:The second letter denotes the intended use
371:Mixed digital/analogue integrated circuits
319:(Mullard–Philips) tubes with a 6.3V heater
2405:
2277:
2217:
2215:
2213:
2211:
2209:
2207:
2205:
2203:
2201:
2150:
2148:
2146:
2144:
2142:
2087:
2077:datasheet for BUK854-800A (800 volt IGBT)
1740:
1035:Silicon switching transistor, bipolar or
928:the "R" indicates reduced specifications
109:SAA1300 – Digital integrated circuit
2369:
974:Silicon Darlington-pair power transistor
702:High-power control or switching device:
2108:
2096:(10). Berlin: VEB Verlag Technik: 340.
1260:- Silicon power transistor from Tesla;
1252:- Germanium power transistor from KME;
1242:Sensors other than radiation detectors
656:Low-power control or switching device:
2505:
2198:
2174:
2139:
1416:serial number with more than 3 digits
1267:
2406:Садченков, Дмитрий Андреевич (2009).
1982:Soviet integrated circuit designation
69:
2187:. SGS-Thomson Microelectronics. 1984
1197:Multiple materials (e.g. Si + GaAs)
815:
424:Semiconductor diodes and transistors
350:Solitary digital integrated circuits
106:A63EAA00XX01 – Color TV picture tube
2182:"HCC4011B/12B/23B HCF4011B/12B/23B"
1076:a BU508 with integral damper diode
50:Pro Electron was set up in 1966 in
13:
2345:Die Flip-Flops der DTLZ-FP-Familie
14:
2534:
2485:
1084:Silicon regulator ("Zener") diode
379:
58:. In 1983 it was merged with the
1994:
1962:Mullard–Philips tube designation
956:Silicon, small-signal transistor
870:"R" can mean "reverse polarity".
389:for details. A brief summary of
387:Mullard–Philips tube designation
337:Devices without junctions, e.g.
119:Mullard–Philips tube designation
91:BZY88C5V1 – Silicon 5.1 volt
1435:No temperature range specified
1390:Mixed-signal integrated circuit
1183:Compound materials (GaAs etc.)
1124:Kombinat Mikroelektronik Erfurt
1070:horizontal deflection circuits)
1044:SOT-23 (surface-mount) package
841:Suffixes and version specifiers
78:AD162 – Germanium power
2321:Semiconductor survey 1972/1973
2081:
2070:
2059:
966:of around 250 (140-400 range)
221:"B" tends to be used for dual
1:
2436:"equivalenze dei transistori"
2008:
1957:JIS semiconductor designation
1405:Operating temperature ranges
264:(or band gap of 1.0 to 1.3eV)
1627:Common package designations
1494:−55 °C to +125 °C
1373:Analogue integrated circuit
1147:1st letter KME East Germany
1132:Tesla (Czechoslovak company)
753:Surface-acoustic-wave device
458:Low-power/small-signal diode
7:
2324:. Heilbronn: AEG-Telefunken
1945:
1599:−40 °C to +85 °C
1578:−25 °C to +85 °C
1550:−25 °C to +70 °C
1534:+15 °C to +55 °C
1518:−10 °C to +85 °C
784:High-power rectifying diode
325:Digital integrated circuits
10:
2539:
2376:Bernard B. Babani (1974).
2090:Radio Fernsehen Elektronik
1915:) GR=interface devices by
1760:, Y=miscellaneous etc. FC=
1066:Silicon high-voltage (for
1052:Silicon Thyristor or TRIAC
482:Small signal transistor, R
356:Linear integrated circuits
2230:. London: Mullard Limited
1977:Russian tube designations
1466:0 °C to +70 °C
1415:
1412:
1409:
1256:- optoisolator from KME;
1110:Usage in the Eastern Bloc
297:less than 0.6eV, such as
194:9 for low noise/high gain
2342:P. Sieber; J. Kuhlmann.
1144:1st letter Pro Electron
1413:3-digit serial number)
1392:(analogue and digital)
1328:Charge-transfer devices
1218:KME East Germany usage
900:small signal transistor
82:for audio frequency use
33:liquid crystal displays
2461:"Integrati Logici CML"
2266:(in Italian). May 1969
1972:RETMA tube designation
1741:Digital logic families
1027:BLY49 in a TO-66 case
853:, such as in: BC549C),
691:G > 15K/W
541:G > 15K/W
486:G > 15K/W
293:Semiconductors with a
2518:Electrical components
2296:. München: Siemens AG
2163:. München: Siemens AG
1724:Small Outline Package
641:Radiation generator (
191:8 for general purpose
2513:Electrical standards
2385:. London: Bernards.
2260:"circuiti integrati"
1967:RMA tube designation
1895:(MEM1000 series) GH=
1705:dual in-line package
1009:a BF493 with a -350V
765:Frequency multiplier
622:Radiation detector (
513:Tunnel (Esaki-)diode
391:just the more common
184:... where x may be:
99:light emitting diode
1628:
1406:
1332:switched capacitors
1268:Integrated circuits
773:step recovery diode
729:G ≤ 15K/W
582:G ≤ 15K/W
501:G ≤ 15K/W
200:integrated circuits
2002:Electronics portal
1626:
1404:
1264:- LED from Tesla.
962:-25 indicates an h
566:Hall effect sensor
303:infrared detectors
188:7 for high voltage
70:Designation system
2523:Electronics lists
2468:Radio Elettronica
2358:on 7 January 2020
1919:(7500 series) GT=
1738:
1737:
1687:(QFP) non leaded
1685:Quad Flat Package
1666:Quad Flat Package
1624:
1623:
1402:
1401:
1246:
1245:
1210:
1209:
1150:1st letter Tesla
1114:Poland, Hungary,
1097:
1096:
1058:800V-rated TRIAC
996:(high-frequency)
816:The serial number
813:
812:
529:(high-frequency)
299:indium antimonide
182:
181:
87:Silicon rectifier
45:cathode ray tubes
25:active components
2530:
2479:
2478:
2476:
2475:
2465:
2457:
2451:
2450:
2448:
2447:
2432:
2426:
2425:
2403:
2397:
2396:
2384:
2373:
2367:
2366:
2364:
2363:
2357:
2350:
2339:
2333:
2332:
2330:
2329:
2316:
2305:
2304:
2302:
2301:
2288:
2275:
2274:
2272:
2271:
2256:
2239:
2238:
2236:
2235:
2229:
2219:
2196:
2195:
2193:
2192:
2186:
2178:
2172:
2171:
2169:
2168:
2162:
2152:
2137:
2136:
2134:
2133:
2127:
2112:
2106:
2105:
2085:
2079:
2074:
2068:
2063:
2057:
2056:
2054:
2053:
2047:
2040:
2032:
2004:
1999:
1998:
1629:
1625:
1465:
1407:
1403:
1276:
1275:
1212:
1211:
1138:
1137:
877:
876:
441:
440:
412:shared cathode,
406:Mini 7-pin (B7G)
279:gallium arsenide
128:
127:
41:electronic tubes
2538:
2537:
2533:
2532:
2531:
2529:
2528:
2527:
2503:
2502:
2488:
2483:
2482:
2473:
2471:
2463:
2459:
2458:
2454:
2445:
2443:
2434:
2433:
2429:
2422:
2404:
2400:
2393:
2382:
2374:
2370:
2361:
2359:
2355:
2348:
2340:
2336:
2327:
2325:
2318:
2317:
2308:
2299:
2297:
2290:
2289:
2278:
2269:
2267:
2258:
2257:
2242:
2233:
2231:
2227:
2221:
2220:
2199:
2190:
2188:
2184:
2180:
2179:
2175:
2166:
2164:
2160:
2154:
2153:
2140:
2131:
2129:
2125:
2114:
2113:
2109:
2086:
2082:
2075:
2071:
2064:
2060:
2051:
2049:
2045:
2038:
2034:
2033:
2016:
2011:
2000:
1993:
1948:
1932:
1743:
1647:Ball grid array
1463:
1270:
1112:
1107:
1093:
1012:
983:
965:
947:
943:
927:
866:
859:
852:
843:
818:
728:
690:
628:phototransistor
598:frequency mixer
581:
540:
500:
485:
439:
431:
426:
421:
382:
339:cadmium sulfide
305:(rarely used),
244:
208:
97:CQY97 –
85:BY133 –
72:
12:
11:
5:
2536:
2526:
2525:
2520:
2515:
2501:
2500:
2494:
2487:
2486:External links
2484:
2481:
2480:
2452:
2427:
2420:
2398:
2391:
2368:
2334:
2306:
2276:
2240:
2197:
2173:
2138:
2107:
2080:
2069:
2058:
2013:
2012:
2010:
2007:
2006:
2005:
1990:
1989:
1984:
1979:
1974:
1969:
1964:
1959:
1954:
1947:
1944:
1809:SUHL II series
1747:
1742:
1739:
1736:
1735:
1727:
1721:
1717:
1716:
1708:
1701:
1697:
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1600:
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1447:
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1418:
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1411:
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1399:
1393:
1387:
1383:
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1374:
1371:
1367:
1366:
1358:
1355:
1351:
1350:
1342:
1339:
1335:
1334:
1325:
1321:
1320:
1312:
1310:Microprocessor
1307:
1303:
1302:
1294:
1291:
1287:
1286:
1283:
1280:
1269:
1266:
1244:
1243:
1240:
1236:
1235:
1232:
1228:
1227:
1224:
1220:
1219:
1216:
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1207:
1204:
1201:
1198:
1194:
1193:
1190:
1187:
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1176:
1173:
1170:
1166:
1165:
1162:
1159:
1156:
1152:
1151:
1148:
1145:
1142:
1111:
1108:
1104:
1095:
1094:
1091:
1088:
1085:
1082:
1078:
1077:
1074:
1071:
1064:
1060:
1059:
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594:Ring modulator
591:
587:
586:
583:
579:
576:
572:
571:
569:
563:
559:
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557:BGY32, BGY585
555:
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414:but not always
396:
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380:Electron tubes
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111:
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71:
68:
37:sensor devices
29:semiconductors
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
2535:
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2392:0 900162 35 X
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2092:(in German).
2091:
2084:
2078:
2073:
2067:
2062:
2048:on 2017-07-14
2044:
2037:
2031:
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835:
833:transistors).
831:
828:
824:
823:
822:
808:
805:
801:
797:
794:
791:
790:
786:
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760:
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748:
747:
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742:
739:
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732:BU508, BUZ11
731:
724:
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686:
682:
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651:
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629:
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621:
618:
617:
613:
611:
610:Opto-isolator
608:
605:
604:
601:
599:
595:
592:
589:
588:
584:
577:
574:
573:
570:
567:
564:
561:
560:
556:
554:
553:Hybrid device
551:
548:
547:
543:
536:
532:
528:
524:
521:
520:
516:
514:
511:
508:
507:
503:
496:
493:
492:
488:
481:
478:
477:
473:
471:
470:Varicap diode
468:
465:
464:
461:AA119, BA121
460:
457:
454:
453:
449:
446:
443:
442:
434:
419:
415:
411:
407:
403:
399:
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388:
384:
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370:
368:
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363:
361:
358:
355:
352:
349:
346:
344:
343:photoresistor
340:
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125:transistors:
122:
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116:
108:
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102:
100:
96:
94:
90:
88:
84:
81:
77:
76:
75:
67:
63:
61:
57:
53:
48:
46:
42:
38:
34:
30:
26:
22:
18:
2492:Pro Electron
2472:. Retrieved
2467:
2455:
2444:. Retrieved
2440:Sperimentare
2439:
2430:
2411:
2407:
2401:
2378:
2371:
2360:. Retrieved
2353:the original
2344:
2337:
2326:. Retrieved
2320:
2298:. Retrieved
2292:
2268:. Retrieved
2264:Sperimentare
2263:
2232:. Retrieved
2223:
2189:. Retrieved
2176:
2165:. Retrieved
2156:
2130:. Retrieved
2121:
2116:
2110:
2093:
2089:
2083:
2072:
2061:
2050:. Retrieved
2043:the original
1933:
1929:74S00 series
1913:74H00 series
1827:) FK=ECL by
1744:
1731:
1712:
1692:
1673:
1654:
1635:Description
1616:
1606:
1591:
1569:
1558:
1510:
1501:
1485:
1474:
1454:
1443:
1395:
1377:
1361:
1345:
1315:
1297:
1271:
1247:
1128:East Germany
1119:
1113:
1101:
1098:
948:) selection
880:Prefix class
873:
844:
819:
433:(see above)
432:
413:
409:
390:
366:
359:
353:
347:
334:
328:
322:
316:
306:
287:
267:
258:
249:
222:
197:
183:
123:
117:), i.e. the
112:
73:
64:
59:
49:
20:
17:Pro Electron
16:
15:
1867:FS=SECL by
1841:7400 series
1825:7400 series
1427:3rd letter
1290:F, G, H, I
1279:1st letter
1215:2nd letter
525:Low-power,
402:Noval (B9A)
393:letters is:
93:Zener diode
2507:Categories
2474:2022-05-05
2446:2022-05-05
2421:5934551299
2362:2022-05-04
2328:2022-08-23
2300:2022-05-05
2270:2022-10-19
2234:2022-05-04
2191:2022-11-21
2167:2022-05-04
2132:2017-12-02
2052:2022-05-04
2009:References
1938:(like the
1869:Telefunken
1857:Telefunken
1849:Telefunken
1421:3rd digit
1248:Examples:
1155:Germanium
1087:BZY88-C5V6
920:transistor
704:thyristors
658:thyristors
624:photodiode
444:2nd letter
362:may be...
290:may be...
80:transistor
2102:0033-7900
1936:NAND gate
1141:Material
1126:(KME) in
1055:BT138/800
915:Germanium
898:Germanium
796:Avalanche
253:Germanium
212:instance.
27:(such as
1946:See also
1865:SGS-ATES
1730:PCF8574A
1703:Plastic
1672:SAA7146A
1638:Example
1632:Package
1430:Example
1424:Example
1285:Example
1169:Silicon
1041:BSV52LT1
992:Silicon
959:BC337-25
903:AC127/01
769:varactor
450:Example
295:band gap
52:Brussels
1925:Mullard
1917:Mullard
1909:Mullard
1901:Philips
1893:Siemens
1885:Siemens
1877:Siemens
1837:Siemens
1829:Philips
1821:Mullard
1817:Philips
1805:Philips
1797:Mullard
1793:Philips
1785:Mullard
1781:Philips
1774:dynamic
1770:Mullard
1766:Philips
1711:PCF8574
1691:PEB2086
1653:PMB2800
1318:AB2650A
1116:Romania
1013:rating
939:BC183LB
886:Example
741:Antenna
531:bipolar
489:BC546C
474:BB105G
410:usually
262:Silicon
223:varicap
156:Lockfit
131:Package
56:Belgium
2418:
2389:
2124:]
2100:
1726:(SOP)
1707:(DIP)
1668:(QFP)
1649:(BGA)
1619:4011BP
1513:4012B
1410:Range
1398:AA180
1380:EA1002
1364:AA1099
1348:MB2205
1282:Usage
1250:GD241C
1073:BU508D
1037:MOSFET
1024:BLY49A
1006:BF493S
977:BDT60B
923:AFY40R
889:Notes
809:BZY91
787:BY228
723:MOSFET
713:BT138
708:TRIACs
694:BS170
685:MOSFET
675:BR100
666:triacs
648:CQY99
633:BPW34
614:CNY17
596:-type
585:BLW34
568:/diode
544:BF245
517:AE100
504:BD139
225:diodes
178:BC55x
163:BC15x
150:BC17x
2464:(PDF)
2410:[
2383:(PDF)
2356:(PDF)
2349:(PDF)
2228:(PDF)
2185:(PDF)
2161:(PDF)
2126:(PDF)
2120:[
2046:(PDF)
2039:(PDF)
1952:JEDEC
1843:) FN=
1811:) FJ=
1605:FJH10
1594:2335
1572:1009P
1557:FLH18
1500:TAA76
1488:2115F
1473:FLH24
1457:5140A
1442:TCA22
1300:LH101
1262:LQ100
1258:KD503
1254:MB111
883:Usage
806:diode
804:Zener
662:diacs
447:Usage
418:Noval
398:ECC81
341:in a
233:tubes
174:BC54x
169:TO-92
160:BC14x
147:BC10x
143:TO-18
115:tubes
2416:ISBN
2387:ISBN
2098:ISSN
1940:7400
1889:PMOS
1789:PMOS
1777:PMOS
1756:, R=
1752:, Q=
1330:and
1130:and
1122:54.
826:"8",
670:UJTs
404:, 9=
385:See
283:LEDs
137:PNP
43:and
21:EECA
1923:by
1921:TTL
1907:by
1905:TTL
1903:GJ=
1899:by
1897:ECL
1891:by
1887:GD=
1883:by
1881:HTL
1879:FZ=
1875:by
1873:ECL
1871:FY=
1863:by
1861:DTL
1859:FQ=
1855:by
1853:HTL
1851:FP=
1847:by
1845:ECL
1835:by
1833:TTL
1831:FL=
1815:by
1813:TTL
1803:by
1801:TTL
1799:FH=
1791:by
1787:FE=
1779:by
1772:FD=
1764:by
1762:DTL
1758:ROM
1754:RAM
1068:CRT
1011:CEO
1002:FET
1000:or
998:BJT
982:CBO
800:TVS
725:, R
687:, R
643:LED
537:, R
535:FET
533:or
301:in
281:in
271:III
134:NPN
47:).
19:or
2509::
2466:.
2438:.
2309:^
2279:^
2262:.
2243:^
2200:^
2141:^
2094:22
2017:^
1931:)
1819:/
1795:/
1783:/
1768:/
1720:T
1700:P
1681:N
1662:H
1643:E
1615:HE
1611:F
1602:6
1590:TB
1587:E
1584:—
1581:—
1568:SA
1564:D
1553:5
1545:—
1542:—
1537:4
1529:—
1526:—
1521:3
1509:HC
1506:C
1497:2
1484:PS
1480:B
1469:1
1464:0−
1453:TD
1449:A
1438:0
1386:U
1370:T
1354:S
1338:P
1324:N
1306:M
1239:W
1231:M
1223:B
1206:—
1203:M
1200:C
1192:L
1189:V
1186:C
1178:K
1175:S
1172:B
1164:G
1161:G
1158:A
1081:BZ
1063:BU
1049:BT
1032:BS
1018:BL
994:RF
989:BF
984:)
971:BD
964:FE
953:BC
946:FE
933:BC
918:RF
911:AF
894:AC
858:FE
851:FE
802:,
798:,
771:,
767::
727:th
706:,
689:th
668:,
664:,
660:,
626:,
580:th
539:th
527:RF
499:th
484:th
367:or
307:or
235:).
54:,
39:,
35:,
31:,
2477:.
2449:.
2424:.
2395:.
2365:.
2331:.
2303:.
2273:.
2237:.
2194:.
2170:.
2135:.
2104:.
2055:.
1927:(
1911:(
1839:(
1823:(
1807:(
1732:T
1713:P
1693:N
1674:H
1655:E
1617:F
1607:6
1592:E
1570:D
1559:5
1511:C
1502:2
1486:B
1475:1
1455:A
1444:0
1396:U
1378:T
1362:S
1346:P
1316:M
1298:F
1120:P
1092:z
865:z
792:Z
781:Y
761:X
749:W
737:V
718:U
699:T
680:S
653:R
645:)
638:Q
630:)
619:P
606:N
590:M
575:L
562:H
549:G
522:F
509:E
494:D
479:C
466:B
455:A
360:U
354:T
348:S
335:R
329:P
323:F
317:E
288:D
275:V
273:-
268:C
259:B
250:A
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