1931:
874:
Built-in types are distinguished from others by having specific support in the compiler or runtime, to the extent that it would not be possible to simply define them in a header file or standard library module. Besides integers, floating-point numbers, and
Booleans, other built-in types include:
80:
logical values. Operations on such types are usually quite efficient. Primitive data types which are native to the processor have a one-to-one correspondence with objects in the computer's memory, and operations on these types are often the fastest possible in most cases. Integer addition, for
1205:
The term "string" also does not always refer to a sequence of
Unicode characters, instead referring to a sequence of bytes. For example, x86-64 has "string" instructions to move, set, search, or compare a sequence of items, where an item could be 1, 2, 4, or 8 bytes long.
81:
example, can be performed as a single machine instruction, and some offer specific instructions to process sequences of characters with a single instruction. But the choice of primitive data type may affect performance, for example it is faster using
35:, which all compiled programs must use. Most processors support a similar set of primitive data types, although the specific representations vary. More generally, "primitive data types" may refer to the standard data types built into a
348:
that can have either the value "true" or the value "false". Although only one bit is necessary to accommodate the value set "true" and "false", programming languages typically implement
Boolean types as one or more bytes.
372:
at times to give extended semantics to
Booleans and Boolean expressions or to achieve backwards compatibility with earlier versions of the language. For example, early versions of the C programming language that followed
1177:
Some languages have "character" types that are too small to represent all
Unicode characters. These are more properly categorized as integer types that have been given a misleading name. For example C includes a
710:: a QName declared as a notation in the schema. Notations are used to embed non-XML data types. This type cannot be used directly - only derived types that enumerate a limited set of QNames may be used.
747:, the primitive data types consist of 4 integral types, 2 floating-point types, a 16-byte decimal type, a Boolean type, a date/time type, a Unicode character type, and a Unicode string type.
377:
and its former standards did not have a dedicated
Boolean type. Instead, numeric values of zero are interpreted as "false", and any other value is interpreted as "true". The newer
1150:, hence must be at least 21 bits wide. Some languages such as Julia include a true 32-bit Unicode character type as primitive. Other languages such as
732:
31:
from which all other data types are constructed. Specifically it often refers to the limited set of data representations in use by a particular
1659:
1777:
719:
In JavaScript, there are 7 primitive data types: string, number, bigint, boolean, symbol, undefined, and null. Their values are considered
1563:
Lindholm, Tim; Yellin, Frank; Bracha, Gilad; Buckley, Alex (13 February 2015). "Chapter 2. The
Structure of the Java Virtual Machine".
493:, a value referring to an executable memory address. This is not accessible from the Java programming language and is usually left out.
2084:
2455:
2089:
2079:
2074:
1618:
1591:
1377:
1350:
1323:
1293:
1266:
2062:
1963:
1763:
1425:
858:
2240:
1496:
1935:
318:
numbers are exactly representable; other numbers can be represented only approximately. Many languages have both a
2213:
1836:
2330:
2135:
2067:
2029:
1643:
1127:
1071:
1016:
1001:
943:
231:
1155:
1041:
1012:
978:
939:
935:
922:
910:
724:
357:
134:
1220:
2230:
2160:
2008:
1066:
952:
918:
914:
468:
194:
104:
1564:
2485:
2120:
1235:
1199:
1159:
1123:
1090:
1045:
423:
353:
1182:
type, but it is defined to be the smallest addressable unit of memory, which several standards (such as
2108:
1475:
1444:"Calling conventions for different C++ compilers and operating systems: Chapter 3, Data Representation"
1107:
1053:
450:
361:
100:
94:
69:
1724:
2418:
2370:
2282:
2260:
2255:
2183:
2049:
2003:
1167:
1115:
1061:
1025:
986:
927:
890:
848:
584:
285:
2511:
2292:
1956:
1880:
1111:
1057:
1029:
982:
167:
1854:
1697:
2445:
2360:
1230:
32:
107:
of mathematical integers. Integers may be either signed (allowing negative values) or unsigned (
2188:
2044:
1998:
1099:
948:
728:
298:
that may have a fractional part. These numbers are stored internally in a format equivalent to
1905:
1749:
1283:
2178:
2153:
1673:
1608:
1581:
1488:
1367:
1340:
1256:
1143:
573:
303:
1397:
1313:
1980:
1480:
1095:
1086:
819:
which are unsigned and signed integers that are the same bit width as a reference with the
544:
mean that C contains numerous target-dependent integer and floating-point primitive types.
108:
68:
The most common primitive types are those used and supported by computer hardware, such as
36:
8:
2506:
2428:
2355:
2208:
2200:
1949:
1812:
1174:
encoding. Strings with a length of one are normally used to represent single characters.
299:
138:
48:
1443:
2433:
2413:
2365:
2340:
2125:
2094:
1653:
1215:
1147:
992:
956:
865:'s codepoint but only values that correspond to a valid unicode scalar value are valid.
861:. Under the hood these are unsigned 32-bit integers with values that correspond to the
588:
509:
503:
368:
as a distinct logical type. Some languages, though, may implicitly convert
Booleans to
2320:
2250:
2225:
2039:
2034:
1639:
1614:
1587:
1537:
1492:
1373:
1346:
1319:
1289:
1262:
1021:
962:
834:
744:
597:
477:
335:
159:
77:
2465:
2350:
2148:
323:
319:
20:
2470:
2335:
2287:
2220:
1466:
315:
295:
2423:
2245:
2235:
2143:
1470:
620:
464:
291:
73:
2500:
2345:
1484:
662:
1634:
Kernighan, Brian W.; Ritchie, Dennis M. (1988). "2.2 Data Types and Sizes".
2302:
2277:
1583:
Essential Java Fast: How to write object oriented software for the
Internet
341:
1426:"Single Instruction Single Data - an overview | ScienceDirect Topics"
755:
Rust has primitive unsigned and signed fixed width integers in the format
310:. Because floating-point numbers have limited precision, only a subset of
2480:
2475:
2325:
2272:
2099:
1225:
1008:
996:
974:
931:
906:
680:
676:
311:
989:. This is two floating-point numbers, a real part and an imaginary part.
823:
type being used for indices into arrays and indexable collection types.
2385:
2380:
2297:
2265:
2170:
2113:
1151:
1103:
1049:
57:
763:
respectively followed by any bit width that is a power of two between
2460:
2438:
2395:
2390:
2057:
2013:
1972:
1750:"Primitive - MDN Web Docs Glossary: Definitions of Web-related terms"
1512:
885:
880:
720:
398:
28:
1725:"Declaring a NOTATION | Understanding XML Document Type Definitions"
16:
An extremely basic/core data type provided by a programming language
2375:
171:
1369:
Visual Basic .NET Class Design
Handbook: Coding Effective Classes
970:
606:
307:
1930:
684:
374:
264:
1941:
1183:
1171:
1163:
1119:
902:
702:
409:
as a built-in type and "true" and "false" as reserved words.
402:
235:
1366:
Olsen, Geir; Allison, Damon; Speer, James (1 January 2008).
85:
operations and data types to operate on an array of floats.
1993:
1562:
1131:
1033:
426:
virtual machine's set of primitive data types consists of:
155:
118:
82:
1988:
1187:
1037:
966:
731:; however, all primitives except undefined and null have
693:
545:
378:
270:−9,223,372,036,854,775,808 to +9,223,372,036,854,775,807
191:
125:
43:). Data types which are not primitive are referred to as
344:, typically denoted "bool" or "boolean", is typically a
1166:
do not have a primitive character type but instead add
512:
is similar to Java's. Minimally, there are four types,
1638:(Second ed.). Englewood Cliffs, N.J. p. 36.
1610:
A Hand Book of Objected Oriented Programming With Java
1288:. Springer Science & Business Media. p. 101.
1586:. Springer Science & Business Media. p. 27.
1607:
Rakshit, Sandip; Panigrahi, Goutam (December 1995).
576:
language provides a set of 19 primitive data types:
1202:, but again this is not a Unicode character type.
1365:
2498:
1633:
1606:
1465:
1281:
364:) implement Booleans adhering to the concept of
1282:Wikander, Jan; Svensson, Bertil (31 May 1998).
60:, but composite types may also be value types.
1315:Data and File Structure (For GTU), 2nd Edition
1255:Stone, R. G.; Cooke, D. J. (5 February 1987).
1190:. Recent versions of these standards refer to
1170:as a primitive data type, typically using the
63:
1957:
1285:Real-Time Systems in Mechatronic Applications
548:extended this set by adding the Boolean type
1813:"Data Types - The Rust Programming Language"
1764:"JavaScript data types and data structures"
1666:
1413:Integer operations are fast in most cases,
896:
1964:
1950:
1658:: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (
1437:
1435:
1345:. Prentice Hall Professional. p. 77.
1261:. Cambridge University Press. p. 18.
1254:
1198:is also used for a 16-bit integer type in
1695:
1307:
1305:
1221:List of data structures § Data types
1137:
279:
263:for most modern C compilers, pointer for
1722:
1566:The Java® Virtual Machine Specification
1432:
1391:
1389:
2499:
1723:Phillips, Lee Anne (18 January 2002).
1579:
1302:
1146:type is a type that can represent all
294:number represents a limited-precision
1945:
1807:
1805:
1803:
1801:
1799:
1318:. Vikas Publishing House. p. 2.
556:to be used twice in combination with
412:
1675:ISO/IEC 9899:1999 specification, TC3
1386:
1338:
738:
723:. These are not objects and have no
255:x86 quadruple word, minimum size of
1613:. S. Chand Publishing. p. 11.
1441:
1311:
13:
1796:
88:
56:Primitive types are almost always
14:
2523:
1923:
1881:"The char Type in Java is Broken"
1696:Biron, Paul V.; Malhotra, Ashok.
1580:Cowell, John (18 February 1997).
869:
241:−2,147,483,648 to +2,147,483,647
222:x86 double word, minimum size of
1929:
497:
273:0 to 18,446,744,073,709,551,615
1898:
1872:
1847:
1829:
1770:
1756:
1742:
1716:
1689:
1627:
1600:
1573:
1556:
1530:
1505:
1395:
811:. Also available are the types
504:C data types § Basic types
453:types with a variety of ranges)
1971:
1855:"Strings · The Julia Language"
1698:"XML Schema Part 2: Datatypes"
1513:"Boolean type support library"
1459:
1418:
1359:
1332:
1275:
1248:
381:added a distinct Boolean type
326:type (often called "double").
1:
2030:Arbitrary-precision or bignum
1906:"I/O and string instructions"
1241:
714:
567:
322:(often called "float") and a
230:for most modern C compilers,
1879:Mansoor, Umer (8 May 2016).
1398:"Optimizing software in C++"
1118:, and in newer standards of
895:Characters and strings (see
605:: a number represented with
7:
1236:Variable (computer science)
1209:
329:
64:Common primitive data types
10:
2528:
1636:The C programming language
1476:The C Programming Language
955:and a programmer-selected
552:and allowing the modifier
501:
333:
283:
111:only). Common ranges are:
103:data type represents some
95:Integer (computer science)
92:
2404:
2371:Strongly typed identifier
2313:
2199:
2169:
2134:
2022:
1979:
1442:Fog, Agner (2010-02-16).
480:type with logical values
385:(the more intuitive name
286:Floating-point arithmetic
2446:Parametric polymorphism
1778:"Types in Visual Basic"
1538:"Bool data type in C++"
1342:Core Python Programming
1231:Primitive wrapper class
1162:, and many dialects of
750:
467:with single and double
417:
267:-compatible processors
238:-compatible processors
1878:
1837:"Built-in types (C++)"
1372:. Apress. p. 80.
1138:Characters and strings
883:and null pointer type
849:floating point numbers
465:floating-point numbers
389:as well as the macros
280:Floating-point numbers
1339:Chun, Wesley (2001).
574:XML Schema Definition
528:, but the qualifiers
397:can be included with
352:Many languages (e.g.
259:in C, actual size of
226:in C, actual size of
109:non-negative integers
1938:at Wikimedia Commons
1481:Englewood Cliffs, NJ
1258:Program Construction
1096:First-class function
37:programming language
25:primitive data types
2451:Primitive data type
2356:Recursive data type
2209:Algebraic data type
2085:Quadruple precision
1841:learn.microsoft.com
1784:. 18 September 2021
1766:. MDN. 9 July 2024.
1752:. MDN. 8 June 2023.
1194:as a numeric type.
1002:Arbitrary-precision
589:Unicode code points
300:scientific notation
244:0 to 4,294,967,295
208:−32,768 to +32,767
27:are a set of basic
2414:Abstract data type
2095:Extended precision
2054:Reduced precision
1859:docs.julialang.org
1681:. p. 255, § 6.2.5
1467:Kernighan, Brian W
1216:Language primitive
1186:) require to be 8
1148:Unicode characters
1022:Associative arrays
951:with a variety of
949:Fixed-point number
847:for 32 and 64-bit
413:Specific languages
197:, minimum size of
162:, minimum size of
72:of various sizes,
2494:
2493:
2226:Associative array
2090:Octuple precision
1934:Media related to
1843:. 17 August 2021.
1817:doc.rust-lang.org
1704:(Second ed.)
1620:978-81-219-3001-7
1593:978-3-540-76052-8
1471:Ritchie, Dennis M
1379:978-1-4302-0780-1
1352:978-0-13-026036-9
1325:978-93-259-6005-3
1295:978-0-7923-8159-4
1268:978-0-521-31883-9
859:unicode character
771:giving the types
745:Visual Basic .NET
739:Visual Basic .NET
508:The set of basic
336:Boolean data type
306:but sometimes in
277:
276:
2519:
2466:Type constructor
2351:Opaque data type
2283:Record or Struct
2080:Double precision
2075:Single precision
1966:
1959:
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1729:www.informit.com
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1534:
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1523:
1509:
1503:
1502:
1479:(1st ed.).
1463:
1457:
1456:
1454:
1453:
1448:
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1429:
1422:
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1415:
1410:
1408:
1402:
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1363:
1357:
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1336:
1330:
1329:
1312:Khurana, Rohit.
1309:
1300:
1299:
1279:
1273:
1272:
1252:
1197:
1193:
1181:
1006:
888:
864:
856:
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832:
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674:
670:
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652:
648:
644:
640:
636:
632:
628:
618:
614:
604:
595:
587:, a sequence of
582:
563:
559:
555:
551:
543:
539:
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531:
527:
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519:
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492:
487:
483:
475:
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448:
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436:
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408:
396:
392:
388:
384:
324:double precision
320:single precision
262:
258:
229:
225:
204:
200:
165:
141:representation)
139:two's complement
114:
113:
21:computer science
2527:
2526:
2522:
2521:
2520:
2518:
2517:
2516:
2512:Primitive types
2497:
2496:
2495:
2490:
2471:Type conversion
2406:
2400:
2336:Enumerated type
2309:
2195:
2189:null-terminated
2165:
2130:
2018:
1975:
1970:
1936:Primitive types
1926:
1921:
1920:
1910:
1908:
1904:
1903:
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1887:
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1678:
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1605:
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1574:
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1547:
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1536:
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1511:
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1451:
1449:
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1433:
1424:
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1387:
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1364:
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1353:
1337:
1333:
1326:
1310:
1303:
1296:
1280:
1276:
1269:
1253:
1249:
1244:
1212:
1195:
1191:
1179:
1140:
1069:(also called a
1004:
993:Rational number
884:
872:
862:
854:
844:
840:
830:
826:Rust also has:
820:
816:
812:
808:
804:
800:
796:
792:
788:
784:
780:
776:
772:
768:
764:
760:
756:
753:
741:
733:object wrappers
717:
707:
698:
689:
672:
668:
658:
654:
650:
646:
642:
638:
634:
630:
626:
616:
612:
602:
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561:
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541:
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481:
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442:
438:
434:
430:
420:
415:
406:
394:
390:
386:
382:
338:
332:
302:, typically in
296:rational number
288:
282:
260:
256:
227:
223:
202:
198:
163:
144:Unsigned range
97:
91:
89:Integer numbers
66:
17:
12:
11:
5:
2525:
2515:
2514:
2509:
2492:
2491:
2489:
2488:
2483:
2478:
2473:
2468:
2463:
2458:
2453:
2448:
2443:
2442:
2441:
2431:
2426:
2424:Data structure
2421:
2416:
2410:
2408:
2402:
2401:
2399:
2398:
2393:
2388:
2383:
2378:
2373:
2368:
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2353:
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2343:
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2205:
2203:
2197:
2196:
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2181:
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2173:
2167:
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2140:
2138:
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2123:
2118:
2117:
2116:
2106:
2105:
2104:
2103:
2102:
2092:
2087:
2082:
2077:
2072:
2071:
2070:
2065:
2063:Half precision
2060:
2050:Floating point
2047:
2042:
2037:
2032:
2026:
2024:
2020:
2019:
2017:
2016:
2011:
2006:
2001:
1996:
1991:
1985:
1983:
1977:
1976:
1969:
1968:
1961:
1954:
1946:
1940:
1939:
1925:
1924:External links
1922:
1919:
1918:
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1871:
1846:
1828:
1795:
1782:Microsoft Docs
1769:
1755:
1741:
1715:
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1572:
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1403:. p. 29
1396:Fog, Agner.
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345:
342:Boolean type
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211:0 to 65,535
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2481:Type theory
2476:Type system
2326:Bottom type
2273:Option type
2214:generalized
2100:Long double
2045:Fixed point
1890:10 February
1548:October 15,
1522:October 15,
1226:Object type
1102:languages,
1009:Common Lisp
997:Common Lisp
975:Common Lisp
932:Common Lisp
907:Standard ML
889:in C++ and
681:hexadecimal
679:encoded as
677:binary data
58:value types
2507:Data types
2501:Categories
2386:Empty type
2381:Type class
2331:Collection
2288:Refinement
2266:metaobject
2114:signedness
1973:Data types
1911:29 January
1864:29 January
1822:2023-10-17
1734:29 January
1708:29 January
1702:www.w3.org
1645:0131103709
1517:devdocs.io
1487:. p.
1452:2010-08-30
1407:28 January
1242:References
1152:JavaScript
1104:JavaScript
1100:functional
1081:descriptor
1050:JavaScript
953:precisions
729:properties
715:JavaScript
643:gYearMonth
568:XML Schema
469:precisions
174:CHAR_BIT)
29:data types
2461:Subtyping
2456:Interface
2439:metaclass
2391:Unit type
2361:Semaphore
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2246:Inductive
2236:Dependent
2201:Composite
2179:Character
2161:Reference
2058:Minifloat
2014:Bit array
1654:cite book
1144:character
1098:, in all
1067:Reference
1028:, and/or
886:nullptr_t
881:void type
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669:hexBinary
665:and times
651:gMonthDay
405:supports
399:stdbool.h
257:long long
180:0 to 255
50:composite
33:processor
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2241:Equality
2149:physical
2126:Rational
2121:Interval
2068:bfloat16
1885:CodeAhoy
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1210:See also
1007:type in
833:for the
708:NOTATION
631:dateTime
627:duration
609:notation
542:unsigned
330:Booleans
316:rational
252:64 bits
249:8 bytes
219:32 bits
216:4 bytes
188:16 bits
185:2 bytes
172:limits.h
70:integers
2429:Generic
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2321:Boolean
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2154:virtual
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2136:Pointer
2109:Integer
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2023:Numeric
1168:strings
1087:Symbols
1072:pointer
1026:records
1017:Haskell
1005:Integer
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835:Boolean
725:methods
623:numbers
607:decimal
603:decimal
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657:, and
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