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533:, from Greek mythology, is the god of love and love itself. Primeros can therefore be translated as "love at first sight" resp. "great love" or "big love". The brand is also listed as PrimEros on some of the company's historical artifacts. Primeros became a household name in the region of Central Europe and also a synonym frequently used for
552:
packaging and was also used in business correspondence until the 1940s. From the 1930s, the company began to use an oval logo with the inscription
Primeros and the suffix "GUM ...?". The logo was supplemented by a medical cross, which has become one of the basic identifying symbols of Primeros in its
588:, which experienced a boom in the early 20th century. The delivery of products for more reserved customers was also a novelty of the time. They could order condoms and other delicate goods, cash on delivery, and receive them in discreet packaging at their home address.
662:“… The Rubber King, the one who supplied the drugstores with delicate rubber goods, a representative of the Primeros company, who came at any time, so he always had something new… the representative distributed all kinds of condoms, of all colors and shapes… “
604:
With the beginning of the 20th century, the topic of intimate hygiene and sexual protection became a common part of everyday social life and also subject to promotion in lifestyle magazines. Advertisements for men's
51:
488:
600:
With the beginning of the 20th century, the topic of intimate hygiene and sexual protection became a common part of everyday social life and also subject to promotion in lifestyle magazines.
544:
Primeros logo on the background of a flag with stripes and stars. At first glance, the flag bears a resemblance to the flag of the United States of
America. The flag is surrounded by an
744:
The production of
Primeros was completely relocated together with the Vulkan company, the brand of which had already become a part of Primeros during the unstable war times (when the
1018:
Archive of the
Capital City of Prague. "Request for Deconfiscation of the company Primeros" (1946–1957) . District Civil Court for Inner City Prague, Volume: 87, Signature: NC 728/46
907:
State
District Archive Liberec. "Selected trademarks and the year of their registration Veritas" (1899–1939, 1935–1941) . Former company Archive of Vulkan s.p., Box: 1666 & 1667
1608:
1555:
851:
in 2017. The authors also received the annual award of the
Academy of Design of the Czech Republic – Czech Grand Design, in the category of Graphic Designer of the Year, 2017.
449:
authorities unjustly questioned her claims with reference to her alleged German nationality. In communication, Löwy repeatedly demonstrated her loyalty and connection to the
949:
525:
Packaging design of
Primeros condoms featuring business representations in Prague, Dresden, Vienna, London, and Chicago, proves international success of the company.
227:
The letterhead of the company
Primeros from the 1930s features the contemporary calligraphical logomark of the brand under which the first trademark was registered.
748:
property machinations took place). Later on, the merger with
Veritas and other manufacturers of consumer goods made of rubber from the whole of then socialist
243: city center in the merchant house "At The Golden Tree". In 1927, Gustav Schwarzwald founded the "Gustav Schwarzwald – Primeros Rubber Goods Factory" in
208:
609:
appeared in daily newspapers and periodicals. This was related not only to societal changes, but also to technological advances, with original reusable
1475:
204:
484:
844:
social landscape. The concept also included a calligraphic logo by typographer Tomáš Brousil, referring to the original logotype styling from 1909.
200:
1633:
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of the
Primeros brand to the safety of his family, fearing for his life. However, the German authorities repeatedly prevented him from doing so.
1062:
821:. In 2005, the German condom manufacturer CPR GmbH and the young financier Roman Kocián became the owners; production then completely moved to
215:
competition. The visual identity of the brand, inspired by the queer community, also received the annual award of the Czech Academy of Design.
802:
and barring participation of foreign Western capital, ended a period of discontinuity of legitimate ownership, often interrupted by violent
763:, the Primeros brand stagnated or rather declined in importance, and its products were exported only within the countries of the so-called
377:
560:, but thanks to Gustav Schwarzwald's business success, it had substantial presence throughout Europe. It was represented, for example, in
1501:
869:
and categorization of people. The company is a long-term partner and supporter of non-profit organizations of the world movement Pride
782:’ of Primeros as well as of a great number of other Czech traditional brands and businesses. It was organized in the 1990s by a reform
1089:
775:
509:
Despite these efforts and irrefutable evidence, all requests for the return of Primeros' property in the 1950s were rejected by the
457:
that she and her family had faced because of their Jewish origin, as a result of which she was forced to flee the country in 1939.
199:, Central Europe in 1909 by the Jewish merchant Gustav Schwarzwald. The graphic concept of Primeros’ packaging, by Czech designers
231:
Primeros has officially existed since 1909, when its founder, the Jewish merchant Gustav Schwarzwald, registered a trademark for
828:
In 2016, Kocián approached designers Tomáš Brousil, Jakub Korouš and Matěj Chabera with a communication concept inspired by the
1689:
510:
413:
Pre-war design of the Primeros condoms' packaging with the original calligraphic logo on the background of a flag with stripes.
1353:
1318:
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854:
Primeros currently manufactures its condoms in accordance with the principles of sustainable development in the province of
426:
358:
1179:"Götz Aly and Michael Sontheimer (trans. by Shelley Frisch), Fromms: How Julius Fromm's Condom Empire Fell to the Nazis"
832:
community to create a new visual identity for the Primeros brand and packaging expressing Primeros' liberal approach to
1694:
688:
1145:
Jak vytvořit atraktivní obchodní název firmy, služby, produktu, značky: tvorba názvu – obchodního jména krok za krokem
153:
1528:
179:
274:, he was forced to defend his property rights during increasingly frequent anti-Jewish actions. Under the so-called
1684:
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41:
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ceased to be taboo and specialized shops of modern hygiene were frequently established in towns and city centers.
876:
Other global condom brands later joined Primeros in promoting equal human rights in the area of sexual identity.
719:
529:
The name Primeros is probably an acronym for the words prim-e (great) and eros (passionate love, romantic love).
506:
schools in Prague before the war also speaks exclusively of their ties to the Czech nation and their patriotism.
353:, the factory was also confiscated. In the autumn of 1938, an arrest warrant was issued for Eleonora by the Nazi
157:
668:
629:
476:
146:
1448:
580:. According to surviving materials, Primeros also had business representations in Paris, London and Chicago.
483:
in France and Eleonora herself participated in the resistance in exile throughout the war as a member of the
321:
His sister Eleonora, meanwhile, expanded her previously acquired business in 1932 by adding a new factory in
657:
395:
1556:"Užijte si ekologický sex. Známý výrobce kondomů proměnil všechny produkty na veganské a šetrné k přírodě"
376:, she also managed to board an ocean liner to New York, where she arrived in March 1941. According to the
364:
Together with her husband and sons Hanuš and Jiří, Eleonora obtained a visa from the Portuguese consul in
862:, together with its partner Klaus Richter and his boutique condom manufactory Richter Rubber Technology.
1282:
1066:
660:(1971), the piccolo character recalls the visits of the Rubber King, an advertising agent of Primeros:
491:, she founded a Czech company to manufacture parts of American military uniforms and organized aid for
1079:
Ancestry.com. New York, Passenger Lists, 1820–1957 . Provo, UT, USA Ancestry.com Operations_ Inc_2010
380:, Eleonora's husband, Otto Löwy, tried to help his brother-in-law Gustav Schwarzwald escape from the
369:
1030:
Expanding intellectual property : copyrights and patents in twentieth-century Europe and beyond
974:
State District Archives Děčín. "Trade Correspondence Primeros" (1933) . Volume: 15, Signature: P1943
648:
Over the years, the Primeros brand has appeared in literature, film and music. The most translated
707:
1647:
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680:
317:
Extra large condoms Primeros KING were one of many innovations of the pre-war condom industry.
779:
1582:
950:"Královnou designu je letos Nastassia Aleinikava. Ceny Czech Grand Design znají své vítěze"
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is evidenced, among other things, by the fact that Eleonora's husband volunteered for the
8:
1476:"Kuponovka 30 let poté: netečným akcionářům propadají stamiliony. Není to i váš případ?"
502:
Finally, the fact that both sons of Eleonora Schwarzwald – Hanuš and Jiří attended only
391:
Gustav Schwarzwald was eventually murdered for being Jewish on 11 December 1942, in the
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condoms being replaced by thinner seamless ones for single and thus more hygienic use.
548:
and the inscription ‘Gustav Schwarzwald Prag’. The original logo was part of its first
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251:, to facilitate trade relations threatened by the rising economic barriers between
156:. It may require cleanup to comply with Knowledge's content policies, particularly
37:
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487:. Together with her Czech companion Mila Veger-Lewis, the wife of the director of
434:
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767:. In addition, the change in social conditions in the following decade after the
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Gustav Schwarzwald continued to own and keep control of the patent, brand and
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to support widows and orphans of men who died in the resistance against the
322:
813:, the Primeros brand was taken under control by the Slovak financial group
803:
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699:" in 1972, when they inflated and ritually destroyed 500 Primeros condoms.
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was formally justified as the illegal export of intellectual property from
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established a conglomerate of the so-called "Czechoslovak rubber plants".
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from 1965, which tells of the persecution of the Jewish population by the
540:
The first trademark, which Gustav Schwarzwald registered in 1909, was the
270:
for Primeros condoms, but due to the deteriorating political situation in
82:
1194:
986:
Archive Ortrand. "Primeros Gummiwaren Fabrik" (1927–1947) . Volume: 2316.
541:
346:
341:
goods, especially condoms of the then renowned Primeros brand. After the
334:
303:
1609:"Kolem značek spojených s Prague Pride vzniká na sociálních sítích buzz"
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715:
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is the oldest registered brand of condoms in Europe. It was founded in
1178:
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In the 1970s, Primeros became a symbolic instrument of resistance to
577:
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46:
847:
For the graphic design of packaging, Primeros won the international
409:
345:
in 1938, on the basis of which the territory of the Czechoslovakian
263:
to his sister Eleonora Schwarzwald (Löwy or Lowry later in the US).
1502:"Výrobce kondomů Primeros se spojil s německou firmou – Novinky.cz"
859:
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symbols expressing the diversity of sexual personalities and the
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259:. The following year, he transferred his business ownership in
240:
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on the main shopping street Mariahilfer Straße, as well as in
239:. The headquarters of the Primeros company was located in the
1348:. Tony Liman. Evanston, Ill.: Northwestern University Press.
855:
829:
357:, before which she fled to France, just a few days after the
836:. The designers came up with the proposal of nine different
445:, Eleonora Löwy sought to regain ownership of Primeros. The
1648:"Durex rebrands with flat logo and "sex positive" campaign"
1033:. Hannes Siegrist, Augusta Dimou. Budapest, Hungary. 2017.
870:
530:
1271:: 10 & 12. 1 February 1930 – via ISSN 1805-2444.
786:
and a former employee of the Prognostic Institute of the
1252:: 12. 21 September 1929 – via trampsky-magazin.cz.
702:
Primeros condoms also symbolically played a part in the
1313:(V Mladé frontě 3. vyd ed.). Praha: Mladá fronta.
771:
in 1989 did not bring a favorable period for Primeros.
475:
The patriotic involvement of Gustav Schwarzwald in the
1378:"Artlist - databáze současného umění: Pocta Fafejtovi"
1115:"Gedenkbuch – Memorial book entry: Gustav Schwarzwald"
145:
A major contributor to this article appears to have a
1090:"JDC – Archives : Gustav Schwarzwald, Otto Lowy"
656:, incorporated Primeros into his books. In the novel
616:
The condom trade was flourishing in Europe and
1529:"Roman Kocián: Design kondomů nás má vrátit do hry"
1449:"Primeros pronikl za sto let i do hovorové češtiny"
460:In the period of mobilization before the so-called
306:in 1937, Gustav Schwarzwald wanted to transfer the
817:as its first foreign corporate investment in the
433:and in 1945 was nationalized on the basis of the
1671:
302:factory Primeros. After his arrest for alleged
865:Primeros' SEX POSITIVE campaign opposes the
453:state, and described the persecution by the
378:American Jewish Joint Distribution Committee
16:Oldest registered brand of condoms in Europe
1632:: CS1 maint: numeric names: authors list (
1404:Pocta Fafejtovi | dafilms.cz | filmy online
464:, Eleonora Löwy demonstrably supported the
1061:: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (
485:Czechoslovakian Committee of the Red Cross
947:
429:in 1939, the Primeros company itself was
180:Learn how and when to remove this message
755:During the four decades of totalitarian
595:
520:
408:
312:
222:
152:Relevant discussion may be found on the
1473:
1446:
556:Primeros' headquarters were located in
1672:
1606:
1341:
1306:
774:A disaster comparable to the previous
513:and the case was conclusively closed.
247:, respectively, in the nearby town of
1427:The Shop on Main Street (1965) – IMDb
1214:
1212:
1141:
1137:
1135:
1014:
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948:Pařízková, Veronika (28 March 2018).
732:In neither case did Primeros pay for
591:
489:The American Relief of Czechoslovakia
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687:. The anti-regime underground group
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20:
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1177:Hall, Lesley A. (1 December 2010).
1148:(in Czech). V Praze: Zdeněk Bauer.
472:and other strategic raw materials.
427:Protectorate of Bohemia and Moravia
13:
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689:The Plastic People of the Universe
14:
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425:occupation administration of the
286:) was finally confiscated by the
1474:Vainert, Luděk (12 March 2021).
1310:Obsluhoval jsem anglického krále
1227:: 31 – via ISSN 1805-2444.
921:"Red Dot Design Award: Primeros"
788:Czechoslovak Academy of Sciences
361:by German troops in March 1939.
160:. Please discuss further on the
135:
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25:
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1447:Záluský, Jan (31 August 2009).
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776:destructive period of communism
691:responded to this as part of a
337:), where she produced seamless
124:https://www.primeroscondom.com/
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968:
630:sexually transmitted diseases.
628:while also protecting against
1:
1690:Companies established in 1909
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584:were most often available in
1263:"Advertisement 01.02.1930".
809:At the beginning of the new
658:I Served the King of England
652:author of the 20th century,
516:
359:occupation of Czechoslovakia
213:Red Dot Europe Design Awards
7:
1607:2FRESH (2 September 2019).
1527:MAM, Redakce (1 May 2017).
1219:"Advertisement 4.12.1938".
218:
10:
1711:
1453:Hospodářské noviny (HN.cz)
1283:"History of birth control"
1183:Social History of Medicine
276:Nuremberg Anti-Jewish Laws
1695:Companies based in Prague
695:event called "Tribute to
624:. It was a modern way of
586:pharmacies and drugstores
370:Aristides de Sousa Mendes
119:
105:
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1342:Hrabal, Bohumil (2007).
1307:Hrabal, Bohumil (2012).
757:state-controlled economy
421:and the creation of the
417:After the occupation of
372:, in June 1940. Through
1685:Contraception for males
1094:search.archives.jdc.org
769:Czech Velvet Revolution
708:The Shop on Main Street
669:communist normalization
468:by supplying gasoline,
398:, near his hometown of
393:Nazi extermination camp
40:, as no other articles
1142:Bauer, Zdeněk (2014).
607:"protective equipment"
601:
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1583:"Sarkofág s kondomem"
1533:Marketing & Media
1065:) CS1 maint: others (
790:with ties to Russia,
780:voucher privatization
683:enacted by president
681:pro-population policy
599:
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511:communist authorities
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158:neutral point of view
1581:Mázdrová, Kateřina.
849:Red Dot Design Award
477:anti-Nazi resistance
435:Presidential decrees
1119:www.bundesarchiv.de
388:, but to no avail.
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1654:. 18 February 2020
1480:Hospodářské noviny
1195:10.1093/shm/hkq060
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592:Period advertising
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396:Auschwitz-Birkenau
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101:Gustav Schwarzwald
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59:for suggestions.
49:to this page from
1355:978-0-8101-2429-5
1345:In-house weddings
1320:978-80-204-2801-1
1155:978-80-904272-7-3
1040:978-963-386-186-8
736:nor advertising.
734:product placement
675:and successfully
644:Cultural heritage
481:Czechoslovak Army
466:Czechoslovak Army
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759:behind the
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382:Nazi regime
347:Sudetenland
335:Sudetenland
304:tax evasion
1674:Categories
1562:(in Czech)
1560:www.lui.cz
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880:References
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716:Elmar Klos
679:the state
622:world wars
572:, Berlin,
333:(then the
235:goods and
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1287:Knowledge
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1164:879564793
1057:cite book
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778:was the ‘
712:Ján Kadár
677:sabotaged
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578:Bucharest
553:history.
517:Trademark
431:Aryanized
402:(today's
400:Zawiercie
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288:Nazis
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