501:, against which he carried out an initially successful military campaign until its king Śatānīka was able to repel him. Śatānīka later died of dysentery while Pradyota was carrying out a second campaign against Vatsa, around 495 BCE. According to Jain sources, the queen-regent of Vatsa after Śatānīka's death was his widow Mṛgavatī, who was also the sister of Pradyota's wife Śivā; Mṛgavatī repeatedly rejected the demands of Pradyota to marry her during her regency and made Pradyota wait until Udayana had grown up into a capable ruler, at which point she joined the Jain
38:
578:
639:
841:
The Purānas wrongly mention
Pradyota and Bimbisara as rulers of Magadha separated by a interval of over 150 years.They were in fact contemporaries ruling over Avanti and Magadha respectively as known to us from Buddhist, Jain and other Sanskrit works. The mistake of including the Avanti rulers in the
560:
In addition to his daughter Vāsavadattā, Pradyota had two sons, named Gopāla and Pālaka, all born from his marriage with the
Licchavika princess Śivā. Gopāla succeeded Pradyota but abdicated in favour of Pālaka. Pālaka was an unpopular tyrannical leader, and the population of Avanti overthrew him and
509:
order with the permission of
Pradyota and in the presence of Mahāvīra, before whom Pradyota could not refuse her request, and entrusted Udayana to Pradyota. Based on these sources, it can be inferred that Pradyota had captured Udayana in the campaign during which Śatānīka had died. Pradyota married
379:
Once on the throne of Avanti, Pradyota sought to consolidate and expand his kingdom, and he was an accomplished soldier who was able to defeat many rulers and turn Avanti into one of the most powerful states of
Ancient India in his time. Pradyota engaged in friendly diplomatic relations with the
469:
Pradyota nevertheless had to contend with other powerful kingdoms near Avanti: according to Jain sources, Pradyota had stolen a sandalwood image of Mahavīra as well as the image's keeper, a slave girl named
Devadattā, from Vītībhaya, the capital of the kingdom of
406:. Ceṭaka and his daughters had become adepts of Mahāvīra's teachings, and Jain sources claim that Pradyota had embraced Jainism and promoted its propagation, most likely due to the influence of Śivā, while Buddhist sources claim that he had embraced
536:'s usurpation of the throne of Magadha after killing his father, and after Ajātasattu had started a policy of attacking and conquering the Vajjika League, Pradyota took advantage of his control over Vatsa to plan an attack on the Māgadhī capital of
354:) was a king of Avanti. By the 6th century BCE, the Vitihotra clan who had previously ruled the Avanti kingdom became extinct, and the kingdom itself became divided into two states, with a northern kingdom whose capital was
431:
to Avanti to treat
Pradyota. However, Jain records also claim that Pradyota attempted to attack Magadha during the reign of Bimbisāra, but was defeated by Bimbisāra's son Abhaya.
227:
213:
188:
174:
564:
Pajjota and his descendants, collectively known as the
Pradyota dynasty, ruled over Avanti until it was finally conquered by Magadha in the late 5th century BCE.
268:, after his father Punika, a minister in the court of the king of Ujjaini, the northern part of the former Avanti kingdom, and placed his own son on the throne.
1283:
1256:
1406:
510:
his daughter Vāsavadattā to
Udayana, and restored him to the throne of Vatsa, although Udayana henceforth remained under Pradyota's influence.
478:
of Sindhu-Sauvīra marched on
Pradyota's capital Ujjenī, defeated him, and branded his forehead with a frontlet on which was written
1189:
1064:
1355:
1328:
1301:
1274:
1037:
1018:
968:
907:
368:(northern) Avanti kingdom centred around Ujjenī. Pradyota became king of Avanti when his father placed him on the throne of
1454:
410:. Buddhist texts however also claim that Pradyota did not have any positive policies, and Buddhist records called him
686:
660:
620:
668:
484:("husband of a slave girl"), before later granting Pradyota pardon and releasing him shortly before the festival of
37:
587:
664:
427:
in the eastern
Gangetic plain, and at one point, Pradyota fell ill, and Bimbisāra sent his renowned physician
488:, after which Udayāna invested him as king of Avanti with a gold plate on his forehead to cover the letters
1439:
521:, in which he was unsuccessful and was saved only because another war broke out between Pukkusāti and the
1444:
897:
1390:
Political History of Ancient India: From the Accession of Parikshit to the Extinction of Gupta Dynasty
924:
1385:
1347:
649:
294:, Palaka was the son of Pradyota who have ruled from c. 659–635 BCE. He is said to have conquered
1459:
653:
444:("son of Avanti") because he was the son of either an Avantika princess or of Pradyota himself.
1393:
591:
362:. Pradyota's father was Puṇika or Pulika, who was the minister at the court of the king of the
272:
261:
842:
Magadha list probably a rose on account of the sovereignty established by Avanti over Magadha.
419:
Pradyota also initiated friendly relations with another one of Ceṭaka's sons-in-law, the king
301:
Visakhayupa, Ajaka, Nandivardhana is said to have ruled for 50, 21 and 20 years respectively.
456:
518:
798:
602:
8:
1293:
1266:
280:
179:
1227:
1151:
275:. Pradyota was the son of Pulika (or Punika), who is said to have killed previous King
1351:
1324:
1316:
A History of Ancient and Early Medieval India: From the Stone Age to the 12th Century
1297:
1270:
903:
552:'s passing, being on Diwali. Diwali in 527 BCE corresponds to 17 September 527 BCE.
463:
471:
1449:
1421:
1143:
899:
Racial Basis of Indian Culture: Including Pakistan, Bangladesh, Sri Lanka and Nepal
793:
389:
206:
926:
Mṛcchakaṭikā, The Little Clay Cart: A Drama in Ten Acts Attributed to King Sūdraka
1341:
1314:
1287:
1260:
1079:
1413:
475:
381:
271:'Pradyota or Chanda Pradyota' was the founder of the dynasty and the ruler of
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1337:
1310:
1097:
1089:
514:
447:
Under Pradyota, the Avanti kingdom controlled the important sea port city of
310:
220:
452:
193:
1380:: Research Institute of Prakrit, Jainology & Ahimsa. pp. 388–464.
598:
1369:
1320:
788:
533:
522:
396:
287:, to make his son the king. Pradyota is said to have ruled for 23 years.
1231:
1215:
699:
Five Kings of Pradyota dynasty ruled for 138 years from 682 to 544 BCE.
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1155:
1131:
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420:
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which led the Vajjika League. Śivā was herself a cousin of the 24th
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61:
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448:
424:
393:
385:
369:
295:
1190:"Lakshmi Puja Timings for Amsterdam, North Holland, Netherlands"
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847:
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were also close, with the Śaurasenī king Subāhu being nicknamed
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537:
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51:
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1373:
1093:
1060:
498:
245:
384:, and he married the princess Śivā, who was the daughter of
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Pradyota reigned for 23 years, and died on the same day as
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1008:
1006:
1004:
1002:
975:
451:, from where trade was carried out with states of ancient
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540:, in response of which Ajātasattu fortified his capital.
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Pradyota also engaged in hostilities with the kingdom of
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260:(lit. enjoying the earth), was an ancient dynasty of
1220:
Annals of the Bhandarkar Oriental Research Institute
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883:
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856:
411:
349:
1431:
1188:LLP, Adarsh Mobile Applications (20 July 2024).
1216:"PRADYOTA, UDAYANA AND ŚRENIKA — A JAIN LEGEND"
1309:
1053:Historical and Cultural Chronology of Gujarat
298:. Palaka is said to have ruled for 25 years.
1384:
993:
981:
1096:: Department of Archaeology, Government of
895:
667:. Unsourced material may be challenged and
416:("Cruel Pradyota") because of his cruelty.
358:, and a southern kingdom whose capital was
601:. Please do not remove this message until
36:
1132:"On the Ancient Chronology of India (II)"
687:Learn how and when to remove this message
621:Learn how and when to remove this message
1136:Journal of the American Oriental Society
1125:
1123:
1121:
1119:
1050:
597:Relevant discussion may be found on the
1065:Maharaja Sayajirao University of Baroda
1036:sfn error: no target: CITEREFJain1974 (
1017:sfn error: no target: CITEREFJain1974 (
967:sfn error: no target: CITEREFJain1972 (
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513:Pradyota fought a war against the king
434:The relations between Pradyota and the
1432:
1363:
1336:
1175:
1110:
1081:The Cultural Heritage of Madhya Bharat
822:
1129:
1116:
1078:Patil, Devendrakumar Rajaram (1952).
1077:
561:instead placed Aryaka on the throne.
402:, who was the son of Ceṭaka's sister
309:The Pradyota dynasty belonged to the
1213:
1181:
1031:
1012:
962:
665:adding citations to reliable sources
632:
571:
1187:
13:
14:
1471:
1364:Sikdar, Jogendra Chandra (1964).
567:
834:
703:List of Pradyota dynasty Rulers
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211:
186:
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1207:
1071:
1044:
929:. University of Illinois Press.
916:
889:
828:
555:
290:According to 'Visarasreni' of
1:
1366:Studies in the Bhagawatīsūtra
902:. Aryan Books International.
896:Chakraberty, Chandra (1997).
804:
423:of the newly rising power of
388:, the consul of the powerful
809:
42:Map of the 16 Mahājanapadas.
7:
1289:Lord Mahāvīra and His Times
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603:conditions to do so are met
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490:
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440:
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350:
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10:
1476:
1249:
532:Following Bimbisāra's son
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1455:History of Madhya Pradesh
1418:
1411:
1403:
1130:Smith, R. Morton (1957).
304:
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103:• 682–659 BCE
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30:
23:
1386:Raychaudhuri, Hemchandra
1348:Harvard University Press
1051:Majumdar, M. R. (1960).
543:
372:after killing its king,
884:Kailash Chand Jain 1972
869:Kailash Chand Jain 1991
857:Kailash Chand Jain 1972
474:, after which the king
1394:University of Calcutta
1262:Malwa Through the Ages
837:Malwa through the Ages
139:• Disestablished
835:Jain, Kailash Chand.
525:tribe located in the
58:Common languages
1214:Gune, P. D. (1920).
799:Avanti-Magadhan Wars
661:improve this section
1440:Dynasties of Bengal
1294:Motilal Banarsidass
1284:Jain, Kailash Chand
1267:Motilal Banarsidass
1257:Jain, Kailash Chand
704:
590:of this article is
281:Brihadratha dynasty
258:Prthivim Bhoksyanti
180:Brihadratha dynasty
129:• Established
1445:Dynasties of India
1343:The Past Before Us
1265:(First ed.),
1015:, p. 210-212.
702:
1428:
1427:
1419:Succeeded by
1407:Vitihotra dynasty
1357:978-0-674-72651-2
1330:978-81-317-1677-9
1303:978-81-208-0805-8
1276:978-81-208-0805-8
994:Raychaudhuri 1953
982:Raychaudhuri 1953
965:, p. 98-104.
909:978-81-7305-110-4
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720:Pradyota Mahasena
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390:Licchavi republic
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16:Dynasty of Avanti
1467:
1422:Haryanka dynasty
1414:Avanti dynasties
1404:Preceded by
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923:Śūdraka (1938).
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794:Haryanka dynasty
765:Varttivarddhana
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641:
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626:
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436:Śūrasena kingdom
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254:Pradyota dynasty
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207:Haryanka dynasty
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107:Pradyota (first)
40:
25:Pradyota dynasty
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20:
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31:682 BCE–544 BCE
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17:
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11:
5:
1473:
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1460:Avanti (India)
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1338:Thapar, Romila
1334:
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1311:Singh, Upinder
1307:
1302:
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1251:
1248:
1245:
1244:
1206:
1180:
1178:, p. 500.
1168:
1148:10.2307/596129
1142:(4): 266–280.
1115:
1113:, p. 502.
1103:
1070:
1043:
1024:
998:
996:, p. 146.
986:
984:, p. 114.
974:
932:
915:
908:
888:
886:, p. 102.
873:
861:
859:, p. 101.
846:
839:. p. 99.
827:
825:, p. 295.
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813:
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584:
582:
575:
569:
568:List of rulers
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557:
554:
545:
542:
472:Sindhu-Sauvīra
457:Neo-Babylonian
382:Vajjika League
321:Main article:
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256:, also called
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1100:. p. 14.
1099:
1098:Madhya Bharat
1095:
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1090:Madhya Bharat
1087:
1083:
1082:
1074:
1067:. p. 26.
1066:
1062:
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1039:
1034:, p. 66.
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871:, p. 85.
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1261:
1235:. Retrieved
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1197:. Retrieved
1194:Drikpanchang
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1183:
1171:
1159:. Retrieved
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1046:
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918:
898:
891:
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840:
836:
830:
818:
768:564–544 BCE
757:585–564 BCE
746:635–585 BCE
743:Visakhayupa
735:659–635 BCE
724:682–659 BCE
711:Reign (BCE)
698:
683:
674:
659:Please help
647:
617:
608:
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563:
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531:
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455:such as the
453:Western Asia
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311:Abhira tribe
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252:
194:Vedic Period
162:Succeeded by
161:
156:
18:
1370:Muzaffarpur
1321:Pearson PLC
1226:(1): 1–21.
1176:Sikdar 1964
1111:Sikdar 1964
823:Thapar 2013
789:Brihadratha
556:Descendants
449:Bharukaccha
441:Avantiputra
397:Tīrthaṅkara
157:Preceded by
1434:Categories
805:References
588:neutrality
534:Ajātasattu
505:Nirgrantha
464:Achaemenid
78:Government
1032:Jain 1974
1013:Jain 1974
963:Jain 1972
810:Citations
648:does not
599:talk page
515:Pukkusāti
486:Pajjusana
466:empires.
421:Bimbisāra
374:Ripunjaya
360:Māhissati
292:Merutunga
277:Ripunjaya
68:Religion
1388:(1953).
1340:(2013),
1313:(2016),
1286:(1991),
1259:(1972),
1232:41702319
1057:Vadodara
784:Pradyota
778:See also
677:May 2024
611:May 2024
592:disputed
550:Mahāvīra
538:Rājagaha
529:region.
519:Gandhāra
491:dāsī-pai
481:dāsī-pai
408:Buddhism
400:Mahāvīra
337:Pradyota
332:Sanskrit
328:Pradyota
323:Pradyota
317:Pradyota
266:Pradyota
89:Maharaja
82:Monarchy
72:Hinduism
62:Sanskrit
1450:Magadha
1250:Sources
1237:24 June
1199:20 July
1161:24 June
1086:Gwalior
732:Palaka
714:Period
669:removed
654:sources
523:Pāṇḍava
476:Udayāna
461:Persian
425:Magadha
404:Trisalā
370:Magadha
351:Pajjota
342:Pajjota
296:Kosambi
143:544 BCE
133:682 BCE
116:History
48:Capital
1354:
1327:
1300:
1273:
1230:
1156:596129
1154:
906:
754:Ajaka
527:Punjab
429:Jīvaka
386:Ceṭaka
365:Uttara
356:Ujjenī
305:Origin
285:Ujjain
273:Avanti
262:Avanti
119:
93:
52:Ujjain
1378:India
1374:Bihar
1228:JSTOR
1152:JSTOR
1094:India
1061:India
708:King
544:Death
499:Vatsa
340:) or
246:India
1352:ISBN
1325:ISBN
1298:ISBN
1271:ISBN
1239:2022
1201:2024
1163:2022
1038:help
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969:help
904:ISBN
652:any
650:cite
585:The
459:and
394:Jain
346:Pali
1144:doi
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760:21
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727:23
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517:of
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