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PowerPC 600

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763: 1132: 1307:, and more powerful branch and load/store units that had more buffers, the 620 was very powerful. The branch history table was also larger and could dispatch more instructions so that the processor can handle out-of-order execution more efficiently than the 604. The floating-point unit was also enhanced compared to the 604. With a faster fetch cycle and support for several key instructions in hardware (like sqrt) made it, combined with faster and wider data buses, more efficient than the FPU in the 604. 986: 875: 903: 937: 36: 1215: 977:(width, speed, contention, and complexity), ROM bugs, and hard disk performance. None of the problems of the 5200 line, aside from 68K emulation performance, were inherently due to the 603. Rather, the processor was retrofitted to be used with 68K motherboards and other obsolete parts. The site Low End Mac rates the Performa 5200 as the worst Mac of all-time. The 603 found widespread use in different embedded appliances. 651: 1424:. Despite its name, it did not have anything in common with any other 603. It was a from the ground up implementation of the 32-bit PowerPC architecture targeted at the high-end embedded market developed over two years. As such, it was small, simple, energy efficient, but powerful; equaling the more expensive 603e while drawing less power. It had an in-order, five-stage pipeline with a single integer unit, a 890:, operating at 90 to 120 MHz was introduced in 1994. It was fabricated in a newer 0.5 μm CMOS process with four levels of interconnect, resulting in a die measuring 74 mm. The 601+ design was remapped from CMOS-4s to CMOS-5x by an IBM-only team. To avoid time-to-market delays from design tool changes and commonizing fab groundrules, both the 601 and 601+ were designed with IBM 1230:
manufactured by IBM and Motorola on a 0.35 μm CMOS process with five levels of interconnect. The die was 148 mm or 96 mm large, manufactured by Motorola and IBM respectively, drawing 16–18 W at 233 MHz. It operated at speeds between 166 and 233 MHz and supported a memory bus up to 66 MHz.
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power processor for portable applications. One of the main features was power saving functions (doze, nap and sleep mode) that could dramatically reduce power requirements, drawing only 2 mW in sleep mode. The 603 has a four-stage pipeline and five execution units: integer unit, floating-point unit,
997:. The L1 cache was enlarged and enhanced to 16 KB four-way set-associative data and instruction caches. The clock speed of the processors was doubled too, reaching 200 MHz. Shrinking the fabrication process to 350 nm allowed for speeds of up to 300 MHz. This part is sometimes called 1383:
was a stripped-down version of PowerPC 603, specially made for game consoles by Motorola and IBM, introduced in February 1995. It has smaller L1 caches (4 KB instruction and 4 KB data), a single-precision floating-point unit and a scaled back branch prediction unit. It was offered at speeds
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as specified. Introduced in 1994, it was an advanced design for its day, being one of the first microprocessors to offer dual issue (up to three with branch folding) and out-of-order execution combined with low power consumption of 2.2 W and a small die of 85 mm. It was designed to be a low cost, low
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The 620 was similar to the 604. It has a five-stage pipeline, same support for symmetric multiprocessing and the same number of execution units; a load/store unit, a branch unit, an FPU, and three integer units. With larger 32 KB instruction and data caches, support for a L2 cache that may have
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core on die, thus making the processor able to natively process both PowerPC and x86 instructions. An operating system running on PowerPC 615 could either choose to execute 32-bit or 64-bit PowerPC instructions, 32-bit x86 instructions or a mix of three. Mixing instructions would involve a context
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was introduced in July 1996 and added a condition register unit and separate 32 KB data and instruction L1 caches among other changes to its memory subsystem and branch prediction unit, resulting in a 25% performance increase compared to its predecessor. It had 5.1 million transistors and was
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line led to the processor getting a poor reputation. Aside from the issue of 68K emulation performance, the Performa machines shipped with a variety of design flaws, some of them severe, related to other aspects of the computers' design, including networking performance and stability, bus problems
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support. New PowerPC changes, leveraging the basic RSC structure was very beneficial to reducing the uncertainty in chip area/floorplanning and timing analysis/tuning. Worth noting is that the 601 not only implemented substantial new key functions such as SMP, but it also acted as a bridge between
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The 620 was produced by Motorola in a 0.5 μm process. It had 6.9 million transistors and the die had an area of 311 mm. It operated at clock rates between 120 and 150 MHz, and drew 30 W at 133 MHz. A later model was built using a 0.35 μm process, enabling it to reach
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production facilities. The 601 used the IBM CMOS-4s process and the 601+ used the IBM CMOS-5x process. An extremely small number of these 601 and 601+ processors were relabeled with Motorola logos and part numbers and distributed through Motorola. These facts are somewhat obscured given there are
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and it reduced the amount of time required for the processor designers and architects to propose, document, negotiate, and close a new bus interface (successfully avoiding the "Bus Wars" expected by the 601 management team if the 88110 bus or the previous RSC buses hadn't been adopted). Worthy to
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bus architecture to the 601 for the benefit of the alliance and its customers, Motorola management provided not only the 88110 bus architecture specifications, but also a handful of 88110 bus-literate designers to help with the 60x bus logic implementation and verification. Given the Apple system
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on March 14, 1994. The 601 was the first advanced single-chip implementation of the POWER/PowerPC architecture designed on a crash schedule to establish PowerPC in the marketplace and cement the AIM alliance. In order to achieve an extremely aggressive schedule while including substantially new
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was introduced in August 1997 and was essentially a 604e fabricated by IBM and Motorola with a newer process, reaching higher speeds with a lower energy consumption. The die was 47 mm small manufactured on a 0.25 μm CMOS process with five levels of interconnect, and drew 6 W at
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PowerPC architecture. It was a second generation PowerPC alongside the 603 and 604, but geared towards the high-end workstation and server market. It was powerful on paper and was initially supposed to be launched alongside its brethren but it was delayed until 1997. When it did arrive, the
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The PowerPC 604 contains 3.6 million transistors and was fabricated by IBM and Motorola with a 0.5 μm CMOS process with four levels of interconnect. The die measured 12.4 mm by 15.8 mm (196 mm) and drew 14-17 W at 133 MHz. It operated at speeds between 100 and
1476:", and Motorola even bumped it to the fourth generation PowerPC even though the architectural differences between "G3" and "G4" was small. There are hardly any sources confirming any of this though and it might be pure speculation, or a reference to a completely different processor. 1868:
The 603's tiny 8K caches were notoriously poor for Mac OS software, particularly for 68K emulation; even the 603e's caches cause a significant performance hit at higher clock speeds. Given Arthur's design target of 250 MHz and up, doubling the caches again made
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The PowerPC 603 had 1.6 million transistors and was fabricated by IBM and Motorola in a 0.5 μm CMOS process with four levels of interconnect. The die was 85 mm large drawing 2.2 W at 80 MHz. The 603 architecture is the direct ancestor to the
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note is that accepting the 88110 bus for the benefit of Apple's efforts and the alliance was at the expense of the first IBM RS/6000 system design team's efforts who had their support ASICs already implemented around the RSC's totally different bus structure.
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The 603q was designed for Motorola, but they withdrew from the contract before the 603q went into full production. As a result, the 603q was canceled as QED could not continue to market the processor since they lacked a PowerPC license of their own.
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technology, skepticism was expressed about dedicating hardware resources to running foreign binaries when such resources could be used to improve native performance instead, this also benefiting the performance of translated binaries.
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design team was familiar with the I/O bus structure from Motorola's 88110 and this I/O bus implementation was well defined and documented, the 601 team adopted the bus technology to improve time to market. The bus was renamed the
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processor capable of issuing four instructions simultaneously. The 604 has a six-stage pipeline and six execution units that can work in parallel, finishing up to six instructions every cycle. Two simple and one complex
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processors bear the designation MPC82xx, and come in a variety of configurations reaching 450 MHz. The G2 name is also used as a retronym for the 603e and 604 processors to align with the G3, G4, and the G5.
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ranging from 50 to 80 MHz, and drew 1.2 W at 66 MHz. It consisted of 1 million transistors and it was 50 mm large manufactured in a 0.5 μm, CMOS process with four levels of interconnect.
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First launched in IBM systems in the fall of 1993, it was marketed by IBM as the PPC601 and by Motorola as the MPC601. It operated at speeds ranging from 50 to 80 MHz. It was fabricated using a 0.6 μm
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processor that was designed to outgun the 604 by a wide margin. There are hardly any sources confirming any of this though and it might be pure speculation, or a reference to a completely different processor.
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with performance Apple considered adequate, due to the smaller processor caches. As a result, Apple chose to only use the 603 in its low-cost desktop Performa line. This caused the delay of the Apple
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performance was comparably poor and the considerably cheaper 604e surpassed it. The 620 was therefore never produced in large quantities and found very little use. The sole user of PowerPC 620 was
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and one load/store unit. It has separate 16 KB data and instruction L1 caches. The external interface is a 32- or 64-bit 60x bus that operates at clock rates up to 50 MHz.
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satellite phone fleet. The satellites each contain seven Motorola/Freescale PowerPC 603e processors running at roughly 200 MHz each. A custom 603e processor is also used in the
695:(SMP) implementation) the design leveraged a number of key technologies and project management strategies. The 601 team leveraged much of the basic structure and portions of the IBM 739:
Using the 88110 bus as the basis for the 60x bus helped schedules in a number of ways. It helped the Apple Power Macintosh team by reducing the amount of redesign of their support
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floating-point unit (FPU) and separate 16 KB instruction and 8 KB data caches. While the integer unit was a brand new design, the FPU was derived from the
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might have been a name given by Motorola to a third generation PowerPC, and later renamed by the same reason as 613. It's been suggested that the part was renamed "
1001:. The 603e and 603ev have 2.6 million transistors each and are 98 mm and 78 mm large respectively. The 603ev draws a maximum of 6 W at 300 MHz. 672:. The design effort started in earnest in mid-1991 and the first prototype chips were available in October 1992. The first 601 processors were introduced in an IBM 2017: 568: 1544:
was the early name for the Apache series 64-bit PowerPC processors, designed by IBM based on the "Amazon" PowerPC-AS instruction set. They were later renamed "
163:. The first incarnation became the PowerPC 601 in 1993, and the second generation soon followed with the PowerPC 603, PowerPC 604 and the 64-bit PowerPC 620. 1839: 1287:
machines, but they didn't deliver any large numbers. IBM, which intended to use it in workstations and servers, decided to wait for the even more powerful
1590:, is a defunct PowerPC project by IBM in the 1994–96 timeframe. It has been suggested that was the third generation PowerPC based on the 604 processor. 1115:
processors bear the designation MPC83xx, and come in a variety of configurations reaching speeds up to 667 MHz. The e300 is also the core of the
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line of computers, with CPUs ranging in speeds from 160 to 240 MHz. The PowerPC 603e is still sold today by IBM and Freescale, and others like
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environments. It was also used in POWER3, RS64 and 601, as well as 604-based RS/6000 systems (with a bridge chip). The bus later evolved into the
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was four stages long, the branch pipeline two stages long, the memory pipeline five stages long, and the floating-point pipeline six stages long.
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the POWER and the future PowerPC processors to assist IBM and software developers in their transitions to PowerPC. From start of design to
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processors and comparable in speed. The processor was introduced only as a prototype and the program was killed in part by the fact that
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various pictures of the "Motorola MPC601", particularly one specific case of masterful Motorola marketing where the 601 was named one of
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embedded processors. Larger 32/32 KB L1 caches and other performance enhancing measures were added. Freescale's PowerQUICC II Pro
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once implemented on the 601. These Motorola (and a small number of Apple) designers joined over 120 IBM designers in creating the 601.
740: 1928: 1604: 1560: 1425: 700: 554: 516: 2509: 100: 2481:— Relevant parts: Chapter 8 (describes the PowerPC 601), and Chapter 11 (a comparison of the PowerPC 601 and Alpha 21064) 2418: 2352: 1362: 2187: 1528:
processor. With progress having been demonstrated in the development of dynamic translation software, such as Digital's
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to save time. It was 69 mm small using a 0.5 μm fabrication process and drew just 1.2 W at 120 MHz.
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functionality (such as substantial performance enhancements, new instructions and importantly POWER/PowerPC's first
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Burgess et al., "The PowerPC 603 Microprocessor: A High Performance, Low Power, Superscalar RISC Microprocessor",
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250 MHz. It operated at speeds between 250 and 400 MHz and supported a memory bus up to 100 MHz.
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of the first 601 prototype was just 12 months in order to push hard to establish PowerPC on the market early.
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This 60x bus later became a fairly long lived basic interface for the many variants of the 601, 603, 604,
2374: 1999: 1061: 17: 811:. The die was 121 mm large and contained 2.8 million transistors. The 601 has a 32 KB unified 68: 2212: 1508:
It was 330 mm large and manufactured by IBM on a 0.35 μm process. It was pin compatible with
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Song, Peter S.; Denman, Marvin; Chang, Joe (October 1994). "The PowerPC 604 RISC Microprocessor".
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never supported the processor. Engineers working on the PowerPC 615 would later find their way to
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was introduced in December 1994 alongside the 603 and was designed as a high-performance chip for
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The PowerPC 603e was the first mainstream desktop processor to reach 300 MHz, as used in the
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switch in the CPU with a small overhead. The only operating systems that supported the 615 were
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seems to be a name Motorola had given a third generation PowerPC. It supposedly was renamed "
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Gary et al., "The PowerPC 603 Microprocessor: A Low-Power Design For Portable Applications",
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system, something the 603 wasn't designed for. IBM also used PowerPC 603e processors in the
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was the early name for the high end 64-bit PowerPC processor, designed by IBM to unify the
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The chip was designed to suit a wide variety of applications and had support for external
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Becker, Michael K.; et al. (September 1993). "The PowerPC 601 Microprocessor".
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used the PowerPC 603e as the main processor. The 603e processors also power all 66
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Pham et al., "A 3.0 W 75 SPECint92 85 SPECfp92 Superscalar RISC Microprocessor",
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processors, and, as such, it keeps on being developed. Freescale's PowerQUICC II
1041: 972:, as Apple chose to wait for a processor revision. Apple's use of the 603 in the 941: 852: 823: 707: 687: 669: 1348: 965: 140: 2425: 2360: 2055:"PowerPC on Apple: An Architectural History, Part I (page 6, The PowerPC 604)" 2488: 2217: 2191: 973: 969: 506: 220: 215: 144: 1641:"PowerPC on Apple: An Architectural History, Part I (page 2, "PowerPC 601")" 1203: 863: 2378: 2104: 1977: 1644: 1488:" is a PowerPC processor announced by IBM in 1994, but which never reached 1391: 1355: 1098: 907: 496: 210: 205: 200: 195: 156: 2447: 2295:
Turley, Jim (November 18, 1996). "QED's PowerPC 603q Heads for Low Cost".
1548:". The designation "PowerPC 625" was never used for the final processors. 1365:(Interesting reading concerning the use of PowerPC 620 at Bull. In French) 1599: 1448: 1280: 1255: 1179: 1152: 950: 878:
An IBM manufactured 90 MHz PowerPC 601v. Notice the slightly smaller die.
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IBM was the sole manufacturer of the 601 and 601+ microprocessors in its
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PowerPC revving up for next generation – Speedier RISC ahead through '97
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accelerator boards, and as an embedded CPU for telecom applications.
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Superscalar, out-of-order execution, 6 execution units. SMP support.
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The system bus was a wider and faster 128-bit memory bus called the
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Art Arizpe -Project Manager/Engineering Manager Motorola, 1991–1996
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Gerosa et al., "A 2.2 W, 80 MHz Superscalar RISC Microprocessor",
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Gwennap, Linley (April 18, 1994). "PPC 604 Powers Past Pentium".
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LeCroy 1998 Test & Measurement Products Catalog, TMCAT98 0498
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was the first generation of microprocessors to support the basic
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The PowerPC 601 prototype reached first silicon in October 1992
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in October 1993 (alongside its more powerful multichip cousin
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A 200 MHz IBM PowerPC 604e processor on the CPU module of an
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on IBM systems and were fabricated in IBM-only facilities.
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Power PC 604 RISC microprocessor, lecture by Marvin Denman
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3 execution units, static branch prediction. SMP support.
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Multiprocessing Aspects of the PowerPC 601 Microprocessor
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was the first processor implementing the complete 32-bit
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The performance issues of the 603 were addressed in the
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PowerPC 601 Microprocessor, lecture by Keith Diefendorff
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While Apple dropped the 604ev in 1998 in favor for the
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s 1994 "Products of the Year" with a Motorola marking.
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In order to help the effort to rapidly incorporate the
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that used two PowerPC 602, but it was never marketed.
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built. They were designed at the Somerset facility in
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architecture, marketed by Apple as the PowerPC "G3".
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and entry-level servers and as such had support for
1008:. The 603e was also used in accelerator cards from 60:. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed. 1818: 1233: 2330: 2310: 2308: 2043:LeCroy 2001 Test and Measurement Products Catalog 1258:, IBM kept using it in entry-level models of its 1103:Freescale has enhanced the 603e core, calling it 2486: 2167:. New Statesman Media Group Ltd. August 25, 1997 2088: 1347:respectively. The GX bus is also used in IBM's 1139:CyberstormPPC processor card for the Commodore 147:, jointly funded and staffed by engineers from 2305: 1837: 1659:"The Bus Interface for 32-Bit Microprocessors" 617:5 execution units, branch prediction. No SMP. 1801: 1799: 1797: 1159:in hardware. The 604 was used extensively in 1135:A 233 MHz Motorola PowerPC 604e mounted on a 1032:. The PowerPC 603e was also the heart of the 956:The 603 was intended to be used for portable 562: 1620:List of Macintosh models grouped by CPU type 940:A 200 MHz Motorola PowerPC 603 in a ceramic 783:. It had four functional units, including a 2465:Weiss, Shlomo; Smith, James Edward (1994). 1678: 1363:Contribution to the history of Unix at Bull 1274:was the first implementation of the entire 2464: 1956:"Power Mac and Performa x200, Road Apples" 1794: 1048:. In certain digital oscilloscope series, 834:workstations and SMP servers from IBM and 569: 555: 1492:. Its main feature was to incorporate an 1163:'s high-end systems and was also used in 980: 120:Learn how and when to remove this message 2205: 2203: 2201: 2185: 1567:instruction sets. It was later renamed " 1213: 1130: 1119:SoC processor that is used in the small 984: 935: 901: 873: 822:. The PowerPC 601 was used in the first 761: 686:line of processors) and the first Apple 649: 2067: 14: 2487: 2444:"G3's - they just keep getting better" 2294: 2161:"IBM trashes PowerPC 620 system plans" 2052: 1953: 1903: 1880: 1693: 1679:Allen, M.; Becker, M (February 1993). 1638: 1605:IBM POWER Instruction Set Architecture 1191:, one branch-processing unit managing 2441: 2262:3DO/Matsushita M2 Console Information 2198: 1728: 1501:and a special development version of 639:Out-of-order execution- SMP support. 185:NXP (formerly Freescale and Motorola) 2350: 1931:. Insanely Great Mac. Archived from 1906:"Performa and Power Mac x200 Issues" 1838:Linley Gwennap (February 27, 1997). 1809:, vol. 29, pp. 1440–1454, Dec. 1994. 1807:IEEE Journal of Solid-State Circuits 906:A 100 MHz Motorola PowerPC 603 in a 58:adding citations to reliable sources 29: 1926: 1310: 1040:The BeBox is notable since it is a 24: 2458: 2375:"Microsoft killed the PowerPC 615" 2280:. October 21, 1996. Archived from 1369: 25: 2526: 2399:. 6 November 1995. pp. 1, 94 1840:"Arthur Revitalizes PowerPC Line" 1080:, is the basis for many embedded 581: 34: 2435: 2411: 2367: 2344: 2340:Processor Codenames – PowerPC's 2319: 2288: 2266: 2255: 2224: 2179: 2153: 2139: 2119: 2082: 2061: 2046: 2037: 2028: 2010: 1992: 1970: 1947: 1920: 1897: 1874: 1831: 1812: 1763:ISSC Digest Of Technical Papers 1404: 1209: 1072:The PowerPC 603e core, renamed 869: 136:family was the first family of 45:needs additional citations for 2053:Stokes, Jon (August 3, 2004). 1929:"The 10 Worst Macs Ever Built" 1781: 1768: 1755: 1737: 1731:The PowerPC 601 Microprocessor 1722: 1687: 1672: 1651: 1639:Stokes, Jon (August 3, 2004). 1632: 1578: 1551: 1536: 1479: 1463: 1439: 1374: 1265: 1126: 897: 645: 13: 1: 1729:Moore, C.R. (February 1993). 1625: 1411:fabless semiconductor company 1262:computers for several years. 2353:"Alternate Views of the 615" 1883:"CPUs: PowerPC 603 and 603e" 1851:. Vol. 11, no. 2. 1821:"PowerPC 603 Microprocessor" 1745:"PowerPC 601 Microprocessor" 1733:. Compcon. pp. 109–116. 1683:. Compcon. pp. 117–126. 1468:Similar to PowerPC 613, the 807:process with four levels of 27:Family of PowerPC processors 7: 2510:Superscalar microprocessors 1593: 1524:, where they worked on the 1295:64-bit processors instead. 1062:Mark 54 Lightweight Torpedo 10: 2531: 2186:Thompson, Tom; Ryan, Bob. 1819:James Kahle; Deene Ogden. 1789:Proceedings of COMPCON '94 1776:Proceedings of COMPCON '94 1171:servers and workstations, 1096: 722: 2147:"NXP's PowerPC 604e page" 2127:"IBM's PowerPC 604e page" 1765:, pp. 212–213, Feb. 1994. 1610:IBM Power microprocessors 1409:On October 21, 1996, the 1157:symmetric multiprocessing 958:Apple Macintosh computers 781:symmetric multiprocessing 770: 693:symmetric multiprocessing 2505:Motorola microprocessors 2442:Every, David K. (1999). 2419:"Charles Moore's resume" 2393:"DEC Unveils FX!32 Tech" 1220:Apple Network Server 700 882:An updated version, the 192:PowerPC e series (2006) 2495:PowerPC microprocessors 2004:Freescale Semiconductor 2000:"Freescale's 603e page" 1954:Knight, Daniel (2014). 1881:Jansen, Daniel (2014). 1399:Article at the CPUShack 1303:a capacity of 128  1092: 1046:IBM ThinkPad 800 series 847:East Fishkill, New York 755:and Motorola/Freescale 2515:32-bit microprocessors 2278:Quantum Effect Devices 2190:. Byte. Archived from 2105:10.1109/MM.1994.363071 1904:Barber, Scott (1997). 1453:Exponential Technology 1414:Quantum Effect Devices 1222: 1193:out-of-order execution 1144: 990: 981:PowerPC 603e and 603ev 962:68K emulation software 945: 927:branch prediction unit 913: 879: 830:, and in a variety of 793:memory management unit 767: 655: 325:PowerPC series (1992) 2363:on December 20, 1996. 2298:Microprocessor Report 2194:on December 20, 1996. 2071:Microprocessor Report 1848:Microprocessor Report 1823:. IBM. Archived from 1234:PowerPC 604ev "Mach5" 1217: 1134: 1067: 989:IBM PPC603ev, 200 MHz 988: 939: 905: 877: 809:aluminum interconnect 766:An 80 MHz PowerPC 601 765: 701:POWER instruction set 653: 2450:on October 10, 1999. 2024:on February 7, 2009. 1751:on February 7, 2009. 1422:Microprocessor Forum 1006:Power Macintosh 6500 922:PowerPC Architecture 492:OpenPOWER Foundation 54:improve this article 2500:IBM microprocessors 2469:. Morgan Kaufmann. 2220:: 36–40. June 1995. 2188:"PowerPC 620 Soars" 1980:. Low End Mac. 1995 1935:on February 1, 2010 1189:floating-point unit 843:Burlington, Vermont 785:floating-point unit 2381:. October 1, 1998. 1866:on July 30, 2018. 1827:on August 6, 1997. 1223: 1145: 1026:radiation hardened 991: 970:PowerBook Duo 2300 960:but could not run 946: 914: 880: 768: 710:structure and SMP/ 656: 545:historic in italic 373:RAD series (1997) 229:Qor series (2008) 161:personal computers 2467:POWER and PowerPC 2431:on July 24, 2011. 2351:Halfhill, Tom R. 2284:on July 12, 2007. 2276:(Press release). 2018:"IBM's 603e page" 1708:10.1109/40.238002 1451:" in response to 1109:PowerQUICC II Pro 911:Quad Flat Package 688:Power Macintoshes 643: 642: 579: 578: 541:Cancelled in gray 155:as a part of the 130: 129: 122: 104: 16:(Redirected from 2522: 2480: 2452: 2451: 2446:. Archived from 2439: 2433: 2432: 2430: 2424:. Archived from 2423: 2415: 2409: 2408: 2406: 2404: 2389: 2383: 2382: 2371: 2365: 2364: 2359:. Archived from 2348: 2342: 2337: 2328: 2323: 2317: 2312: 2303: 2302: 2292: 2286: 2285: 2270: 2264: 2259: 2253: 2252: 2250: 2249: 2243: 2237:. Archived from 2236: 2228: 2222: 2221: 2207: 2196: 2195: 2183: 2177: 2176: 2174: 2172: 2157: 2151: 2150: 2143: 2137: 2136: 2123: 2117: 2116: 2086: 2080: 2079: 2065: 2059: 2058: 2050: 2044: 2041: 2035: 2032: 2026: 2025: 2020:. Archived from 2014: 2008: 2007: 1996: 1990: 1989: 1987: 1985: 1974: 1968: 1967: 1965: 1963: 1951: 1945: 1944: 1942: 1940: 1924: 1918: 1917: 1915: 1913: 1901: 1895: 1894: 1892: 1890: 1878: 1872: 1871: 1865: 1859:. Archived from 1844: 1835: 1829: 1828: 1816: 1810: 1803: 1792: 1785: 1779: 1772: 1766: 1759: 1753: 1752: 1747:. Archived from 1741: 1735: 1734: 1726: 1720: 1719: 1691: 1685: 1684: 1676: 1670: 1669: 1663: 1655: 1649: 1648: 1636: 1426:double-precision 1311:6XX and GX buses 1167:, IBM's low-end 1165:Macintosh clones 1143:series computers 858: 712:memory coherency 697:RISC Single Chip 592:Pipeline stages 586: 585: 571: 564: 557: 542: 454: 166: 165: 125: 118: 114: 111: 105: 103: 62: 38: 30: 21: 2530: 2529: 2525: 2524: 2523: 2521: 2520: 2519: 2485: 2484: 2477: 2461: 2459:Further reading 2456: 2455: 2440: 2436: 2428: 2421: 2417: 2416: 2412: 2402: 2400: 2397:Electronic News 2391: 2390: 2386: 2373: 2372: 2368: 2349: 2345: 2338: 2331: 2324: 2320: 2313: 2306: 2293: 2289: 2272: 2271: 2267: 2260: 2256: 2247: 2245: 2241: 2234: 2230: 2229: 2225: 2213:Next Generation 2209: 2208: 2199: 2184: 2180: 2170: 2168: 2159: 2158: 2154: 2145: 2144: 2140: 2125: 2124: 2120: 2087: 2083: 2066: 2062: 2057:. Ars Technica. 2051: 2047: 2042: 2038: 2033: 2029: 2016: 2015: 2011: 1998: 1997: 1993: 1983: 1981: 1978:"Performa 5200" 1976: 1975: 1971: 1961: 1959: 1952: 1948: 1938: 1936: 1927:Davison, Remy. 1925: 1921: 1911: 1909: 1902: 1898: 1888: 1886: 1879: 1875: 1863: 1842: 1836: 1832: 1817: 1813: 1804: 1795: 1786: 1782: 1773: 1769: 1760: 1756: 1743: 1742: 1738: 1727: 1723: 1692: 1688: 1677: 1673: 1661: 1657: 1656: 1652: 1637: 1633: 1628: 1596: 1581: 1554: 1539: 1490:mass production 1482: 1466: 1442: 1407: 1392:M2 game console 1377: 1372: 1370:Extended family 1313: 1268: 1236: 1212: 1129: 1101: 1095: 1070: 1042:multiprocessing 983: 942:Ball Grid Array 900: 872: 856: 826:computers from 824:Power Macintosh 773: 725: 670:instruction set 648: 584: 575: 540: 452: 126: 115: 109: 106: 63: 61: 51: 39: 28: 23: 22: 15: 12: 11: 5: 2528: 2518: 2517: 2512: 2507: 2502: 2497: 2483: 2482: 2475: 2460: 2457: 2454: 2453: 2434: 2410: 2384: 2366: 2343: 2329: 2318: 2304: 2287: 2265: 2254: 2223: 2197: 2178: 2152: 2138: 2118: 2081: 2060: 2045: 2036: 2027: 2009: 1991: 1969: 1946: 1919: 1896: 1873: 1830: 1811: 1793: 1780: 1767: 1754: 1736: 1721: 1686: 1671: 1650: 1630: 1629: 1627: 1624: 1623: 1622: 1617: 1612: 1607: 1602: 1595: 1592: 1580: 1577: 1553: 1550: 1538: 1535: 1481: 1478: 1465: 1462: 1441: 1438: 1406: 1403: 1402: 1401: 1390:developed the 1376: 1373: 1371: 1368: 1367: 1366: 1312: 1309: 1299:200 MHz. 1283:in its Escala 1267: 1264: 1235: 1232: 1211: 1208: 1207: 1206: 1199:180 MHz. 1128: 1125: 1097:Main article: 1094: 1091: 1069: 1066: 1024:who makes the 982: 979: 966:PowerBook 5300 899: 896: 871: 868: 867: 866: 795:. The integer 772: 769: 724: 721: 647: 644: 641: 640: 637: 634: 630: 629: 626: 623: 619: 618: 615: 612: 608: 607: 604: 601: 597: 596: 593: 590: 583: 582:Nuclear family 580: 577: 576: 574: 573: 566: 559: 551: 548: 547: 537: 536: 535: 534: 529: 524: 519: 514: 509: 504: 499: 494: 486: 485: 481: 480: 479: 478: 471: 466: 461: 456: 446: 445: 441: 440: 439: 438: 431: 424: 414: 413: 409: 408: 407: 406: 396: 395: 394: 393: 392: 391: 386: 381: 371: 370: 369: 366: 357: 350: 343: 338: 333: 322: 321: 320: 319: 314: 309: 304: 299: 294: 287: 280: 273: 266: 258:series (1990) 250: 249: 245: 244: 243: 242: 241: 240: 235: 226: 225: 224: 223: 218: 213: 208: 203: 198: 187: 186: 182: 181: 128: 127: 42: 40: 33: 26: 9: 6: 4: 3: 2: 2527: 2516: 2513: 2511: 2508: 2506: 2503: 2501: 2498: 2496: 2493: 2492: 2490: 2478: 2472: 2468: 2463: 2462: 2449: 2445: 2438: 2427: 2420: 2414: 2398: 2394: 2388: 2380: 2376: 2370: 2362: 2358: 2354: 2347: 2341: 2336: 2334: 2327: 2322: 2316: 2311: 2309: 2300: 2299: 2291: 2283: 2279: 2275: 2269: 2263: 2258: 2244:on 2016-08-07 2240: 2233: 2227: 2219: 2218:Imagine Media 2215: 2214: 2206: 2204: 2202: 2193: 2189: 2182: 2166: 2162: 2156: 2148: 2142: 2134: 2133: 2128: 2122: 2114: 2110: 2106: 2102: 2098: 2094: 2093: 2085: 2077: 2073: 2072: 2064: 2056: 2049: 2040: 2031: 2023: 2019: 2013: 2005: 2001: 1995: 1979: 1973: 1958:. Low End Mac 1957: 1950: 1934: 1930: 1923: 1908:. Low End Mac 1907: 1900: 1885:. Low End Mac 1884: 1877: 1870: 1862: 1858: 1854: 1850: 1849: 1841: 1834: 1826: 1822: 1815: 1808: 1802: 1800: 1798: 1790: 1784: 1777: 1771: 1764: 1758: 1750: 1746: 1740: 1732: 1725: 1717: 1713: 1709: 1705: 1701: 1697: 1690: 1682: 1675: 1667: 1660: 1654: 1646: 1642: 1635: 1631: 1621: 1618: 1616: 1613: 1611: 1608: 1606: 1603: 1601: 1598: 1597: 1591: 1589: 1585: 1584:"PowerPC 641" 1576: 1574: 1570: 1566: 1562: 1558: 1557:"PowerPC 630" 1549: 1547: 1543: 1542:"PowerPC 625" 1534: 1531: 1527: 1523: 1519: 1515: 1511: 1506: 1504: 1500: 1495: 1491: 1487: 1477: 1475: 1471: 1470:"PowerPC 614" 1461: 1458: 1454: 1450: 1446: 1445:"PowerPC 613" 1437: 1433: 1431: 1427: 1423: 1419: 1415: 1412: 1400: 1397: 1396: 1395: 1393: 1389: 1385: 1382: 1364: 1361: 1360: 1359: 1357: 1354: 1350: 1346: 1342: 1338: 1334: 1330: 1326: 1322: 1318: 1308: 1306: 1300: 1296: 1294: 1290: 1286: 1282: 1277: 1273: 1263: 1261: 1257: 1252: 1249: 1245: 1241: 1240:PowerPC 604ev 1231: 1228: 1221: 1216: 1205: 1202: 1201: 1200: 1196: 1194: 1190: 1186: 1185:integer units 1181: 1178:The 604 is a 1176: 1174: 1170: 1166: 1162: 1158: 1154: 1150: 1142: 1138: 1133: 1124: 1122: 1118: 1114: 1110: 1106: 1100: 1090: 1087: 1083: 1082:PowerQUICC II 1079: 1075: 1065: 1063: 1059: 1055: 1051: 1047: 1043: 1039: 1035: 1031: 1027: 1023: 1019: 1015: 1011: 1007: 1002: 1000: 999:PowerPC 603ev 996: 987: 978: 975: 974:Performa 5200 971: 967: 963: 959: 954: 952: 943: 938: 934: 932: 928: 923: 919: 912: 909: 904: 895: 893: 889: 885: 876: 865: 862: 861: 860: 855: 854: 853:Time Magazine 848: 844: 839: 837: 833: 829: 825: 821: 818: 814: 810: 806: 800: 798: 794: 790: 786: 782: 778: 764: 760: 758: 754: 750: 745: 742: 737: 735: 730: 720: 718: 713: 709: 706: 702: 698: 694: 689: 685: 682: 678: 675: 671: 668: 665: 661: 652: 638: 635: 632: 631: 627: 624: 621: 620: 616: 613: 610: 609: 605: 602: 599: 598: 594: 591: 588: 587: 572: 567: 565: 560: 558: 553: 552: 550: 549: 546: 539: 538: 533: 530: 528: 525: 523: 520: 518: 515: 513: 510: 508: 505: 503: 500: 498: 495: 493: 490: 489: 488: 487: 484:Related links 483: 482: 477: 476: 472: 470: 467: 465: 462: 460: 457: 455: 450: 449: 448: 447: 443: 442: 437: 436: 432: 430: 429: 425: 423: 422: 418: 417: 416: 415: 411: 410: 404: 402: 398: 397: 390: 387: 385: 382: 380: 379: 375: 374: 372: 367: 364: 363: 361: 358: 356: 355: 351: 349: 348: 344: 342: 339: 337: 334: 332: 331: 327: 326: 324: 323: 318: 315: 313: 310: 308: 305: 303: 300: 298: 295: 293: 292: 288: 286: 285: 281: 279: 278: 274: 272: 271: 267: 265: 264: 260: 259: 257: 254: 253: 252: 251: 247: 246: 239: 236: 234: 231: 230: 228: 227: 222: 219: 217: 214: 212: 209: 207: 204: 202: 199: 197: 194: 193: 191: 190: 189: 188: 184: 183: 180:architectures 179: 175: 171: 168: 167: 164: 162: 158: 154: 150: 146: 145:Austin, Texas 142: 139: 135: 124: 121: 113: 102: 99: 95: 92: 88: 85: 81: 78: 74: 71: –  70: 69:"PowerPC 600" 66: 65:Find sources: 59: 55: 49: 48: 43:This article 41: 37: 32: 31: 19: 2466: 2448:the original 2437: 2426:the original 2413: 2401:. Retrieved 2396: 2387: 2379:The Register 2369: 2361:the original 2346: 2321: 2296: 2290: 2282:the original 2268: 2257: 2246:. Retrieved 2239:the original 2226: 2211: 2192:the original 2181: 2169:. Retrieved 2165:Tech Monitor 2164: 2155: 2141: 2130: 2121: 2096: 2090: 2084: 2075: 2069: 2063: 2048: 2039: 2030: 2022:the original 2012: 1994: 1982:. Retrieved 1972: 1960:. Retrieved 1949: 1937:. Retrieved 1933:the original 1922: 1910:. Retrieved 1899: 1887:. Retrieved 1876: 1867: 1861:the original 1846: 1833: 1825:the original 1814: 1806: 1791:, Feb. 1994. 1788: 1783: 1778:, Feb. 1994. 1775: 1770: 1762: 1757: 1749:the original 1739: 1730: 1724: 1702:(5): 54–68. 1699: 1695: 1689: 1680: 1674: 1653: 1645:Ars Technica 1634: 1587: 1583: 1582: 1556: 1555: 1541: 1540: 1507: 1485: 1483: 1474:PowerPC 7400 1469: 1467: 1444: 1443: 1434: 1418:PowerPC 603q 1417: 1408: 1405:PowerPC 603q 1386: 1380: 1378: 1358:mainframes. 1336: 1332: 1331:, and later 1324: 1316: 1314: 1301: 1297: 1271: 1269: 1253: 1247: 1243: 1239: 1237: 1227:PowerPC 604e 1226: 1224: 1210:PowerPC 604e 1197: 1177: 1153:workstations 1148: 1146: 1104: 1102: 1099:PowerPC e300 1073: 1071: 1003: 998: 995:PowerPC 603e 994: 992: 955: 947: 917: 915: 888:PowerPC 601+ 887: 884:PowerPC 601v 883: 881: 870:PowerPC 601v 851: 840: 801: 789:integer unit 774: 759:processors. 746: 738: 733: 726: 659: 657: 633:PowerPC 620 622:PowerPC 604 611:PowerPC 603 600:PowerPC 601 544: 497:AIM alliance 473: 433: 426: 419: 412:IBM/Nintendo 399: 376: 352: 345: 329: 328: 289: 282: 275: 268: 261: 157:AIM alliance 133: 131: 116: 107: 97: 90: 83: 76: 64: 52:Please help 47:verification 44: 1600:PowerPC 970 1586:, codename 1579:PowerPC 641 1552:PowerPC 630 1537:PowerPC 625 1486:PowerPC 615 1480:PowerPC 615 1464:PowerPC 614 1449:PowerPC 750 1440:PowerPC 613 1381:PowerPC 602 1375:PowerPC 602 1281:Groupe Bull 1272:PowerPC 620 1266:PowerPC 620 1256:PowerPC 750 1180:superscalar 1149:PowerPC 604 1127:PowerPC 604 951:PowerPC 750 918:PowerPC 603 898:PowerPC 603 836:Groupe Bull 677:workstation 660:PowerPC 601 646:PowerPC 601 134:PowerPC 600 18:PowerPC 604 2489:Categories 2476:1558602798 2403:12 October 2248:2016-07-24 2092:IEEE Micro 1696:IEEE Micro 1626:References 1141:Amiga 4000 1123:computer. 1054:satellites 757:PowerQUICC 459:PWRficient 141:processors 80:newspapers 2171:March 20, 1615:Power ISA 1522:Transmeta 1518:Microsoft 1420:" at the 1107:, in the 1078:Freescale 1022:Honeywell 944:packaging 908:wire bond 892:EDA tools 512:Power.org 507:Blue Gene 178:Power ISA 2301:: 22–23. 2113:11603864 2099:(5): 8. 1939:July 30, 1857:51808955 1716:26895845 1666:Motorola 1594:See also 1588:Habanero 1356:System z 1248:"Mach 5" 1117:MPC5200B 1028:variant 1012:for the 813:L1 cache 797:pipeline 777:L2 cache 717:tape-out 435:Espresso 428:Broadway 153:Motorola 110:May 2023 1984:29 July 1962:29 July 1912:29 July 1889:29 July 1668:. 1997. 1565:PowerPC 1514:Pentium 1327:of the 1317:6XX bus 1260:RS/6000 1169:RS/6000 1058:Iridium 1056:in the 1038:Be Inc. 832:RS/6000 820:Pentium 734:60x bus 723:60x bus 674:RS/6000 667:PowerPC 532:AltiVec 389:RAD5500 378:RAD6000 362:(2010) 317:Power10 238:Qorivva 174:PowerPC 138:PowerPC 94:scholar 2473:  2210:"M2". 2111:  1869:sense. 1855:  1714:  1569:POWER3 1526:Crusoe 1345:POWER6 1341:POWER5 1329:POWER4 1325:GX bus 1293:POWER3 1276:64-bit 1187:, one 1137:Phase5 1050:LeCroy 1010:Phase5 771:Design 684:POWER2 664:32-bit 405:(1996) 403:series 384:RAD750 312:POWER9 307:POWER8 302:POWER7 297:POWER6 291:POWER5 284:POWER4 277:POWER3 270:POWER2 263:POWER1 176:, and 96:  89:  82:  75:  67:  2429:(PDF) 2422:(PDF) 2242:(PDF) 2235:(PDF) 2216:(6). 2109:S2CID 1864:(PDF) 1853:S2CID 1843:(PDF) 1712:S2CID 1662:(PDF) 1573:Apple 1561:POWER 1530:FX!32 1510:Intel 1499:Minix 1484:The " 1430:R4600 1173:Amiga 1161:Apple 1121:EFIKA 1036:from 1034:BeBox 1030:RHPPC 1018:Atmel 1014:Amiga 857:' 828:Apple 817:Intel 787:, an 741:ASICs 729:88110 595:Misc 469:Xenon 453:Titan 444:Other 421:Gekko 256:Power 233:QorIQ 221:e6500 216:e5500 170:POWER 101:JSTOR 87:books 2471:ISBN 2405:2022 2357:Byte 2173:2021 2078:(5). 1986:2018 1964:2018 1941:2018 1914:2018 1891:2018 1563:and 1546:RS64 1503:OS/2 1457:x704 1379:The 1353:z196 1351:and 1343:and 1337:GX++ 1335:and 1321:NUMA 1291:and 1289:RS64 1285:UNIX 1270:The 1244:604r 1238:The 1225:The 1147:The 1105:e300 1093:e300 1020:and 968:and 916:The 845:and 805:CMOS 779:and 658:The 589:CPU 527:CHRP 522:PReP 517:PAPR 502:RISC 475:X704 464:Cell 401:RS64 347:74xx 211:e600 206:e500 201:e300 196:e200 151:and 132:The 73:news 2132:IBM 2101:doi 1704:doi 1512:'s 1494:x86 1455:'s 1388:3DO 1349:z10 1339:in 1333:GX+ 1246:or 1113:SoC 1086:SoC 1076:by 931:SMP 886:or 708:bus 705:I/O 681:IBM 368:A2O 365:A2I 354:970 341:7xx 336:4xx 330:6xx 248:IBM 149:IBM 56:by 2491:: 2395:. 2377:. 2355:. 2332:^ 2307:^ 2200:^ 2163:. 2129:. 2107:. 2097:14 2095:. 2074:. 2002:. 1845:. 1796:^ 1710:. 1700:13 1698:. 1664:. 1643:. 1575:. 1505:. 1305:MB 1242:, 1074:G2 1068:G2 1064:. 933:. 838:. 753:G4 751:, 749:G3 636:5 625:6 614:4 603:4 543:, 360:A2 172:, 2479:. 2407:. 2251:. 2175:. 2149:. 2135:. 2115:. 2103:: 2076:8 2006:. 1988:. 1966:. 1943:. 1916:. 1893:. 1718:. 1706:: 1647:. 570:e 563:t 556:v 123:) 117:( 112:) 108:( 98:· 91:· 84:· 77:· 50:. 20:)

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