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197:. It is the nearest English port to France, at just 34 kilometres (21 mi) away, and is one of the world's busiest maritime passenger ports, with 11.7 million passengers, 2.6 million lorries, 2.2 million cars and motorcycles and 80,000 coaches passing through it in 2017, and with an annual turnover of £58.5 million a year. This contrasts with the nearby
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cliffs directly above the
Eastern harbour arm, through two portals which have been bricked up but can still be seen from the ferry port. Coal was deposited in bunkers at the outer end of the Eastern harbour arm. The ropeway had 600 1-ton buckets that departed at intervals of 21 seconds and travelled
208:
The modern port facility features a large artificial harbour constructed behind stone piers and a defensive concrete breakwater. The port is divided into two main sections: the
Eastern Docks serve as the main cross-channel ferry terminal, while the Western Docks contain a cruise ship terminal and a
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through the use of sluices and the development of an enclosed pool of water known as the Great Pent, by means of which the harbour could be periodically scoured. The Great Pent was formed by the construction of a cross wall across the existing natural shingle lagoon at the mouth of the River Dour:
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began dismantling ships there. The
Stanlee Shipbreaking and Salvage Co. Ltd. took over the ship breaking operation commercially in 1920. Many of the ships broken up were naval vessels from the First World War. The company also handled machinery and general scrap, including the dismantling of the
1214:
Dover Cargo
Terminal West opened in December 2019, replacing berthing and handling facilities at the Eastern Docks. Two new berths can accommodate ships of 340 metres (1,120 ft) and 240 metres (790 ft) simultaneously with a minimum quay depth of 9.5 metres (31 ft). The new
467:
in 1340, a large defensive wall was built around the town. Although few concerted attempts to manage the shingle deposits blocking the harbour entrance were made during the late Middle Ages, a short pier and two defensive towers were constructed at the port in years immediately prior to
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Conversion and restoration of the historic former Dover Marine rail terminus, and the opening of a second, larger, cruise terminal building in 1996, have supported a significant expansion in cruise ship traffic. Cruise
Terminal 2 is able to accommodate ships as large as the
657:. In 1847 construction began on the Admiralty Pier. Envisaged as the Western Arm of the proposed haven, completion of the massive first stage in 1871 effectively stopped the silting of the harbour mouth as it cut off the drift of shingle from the direction of
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This part of the port is formed by the western arm of the harbour, Admiralty Pier, and its associated port facilities. Recently the focus of a £250 million port redevelopment project co-financed by the
European Union.
385:. In the Roman era a walled town was built on the West Bank of the River Dour and the port grew into an important military, mercantile and cross-channel harbour. Dubris was one of the principal starting points of the
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estuary between two imposing chalk cliffs. The development of the port led directly to the growth of Dover as a settlement and, over many centuries, to the building of extensive defensive fortifications including
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on the seaward facing exterior. Further construction from 1897 onwards established the
Eastern Arm of the current harbour, the Southern Breakwater and a further extension of the Admiralty Pier.
775:, departed for Boulogne on 3 July 1953. Today, there are seven active docks for Ro-Ro vessels to utilise at Dover, one deconstructed dock and one unused dock for high-speed Ro-Ro watercraft.
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An adjacent freight terminal (with three loading cranes) is scheduled to be repurposed under port redevelopment plans but can currently be used by ships of up to 180 metres (590 ft).
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Marina facilities, primarily targeted at recreational sailing and power boating, are provided in both the historic
Wellington Dock and adjacent to the cruise terminal and cargo wharves.
31:
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In 2019 the Port of Dover accommodated 130 cruise ship port calls and over 200,000 passengers, making it the second busiest cruise ship port in the United
Kingdom after the
832:. Hoverspeed also ran catamaran services until being declared bankrupt in 2005. Another catamaran service was run from 2004 until November 2008 by the single ship of
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and the
Eastern Docks. The Southern Breakwater is in the center of the image. Right, the Western Docks prior to development of new cargo and marina facilities.
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Cross channel ferry services to France operate from the seven twin-level ferry berths and associated departure buildings of the Eastern Docks.
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The harbour is divided into two main sections, the Eastern Docks and the Western Docks, about 1 kilometre (0.62 mi) apart.
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809:, later renamed Dover Western Docks. At Dover Marine station an estimated 5 million troops departed for the trenches of
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in 1170, Dover flourished as the only designated port of entry for foreign pilgrims and as a point of departure for the
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In 1966 well over 600,000 accompanied vehicles travelled through Dover's Eastern Docks en route to France or Belgium.
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ferry berths in the Eastern Docks were opened on 30 June 1953. The first ro-ro ferry, the appropriately modified
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and the European mainland, which now handles an estimated 20 million passengers and 1.6 million trucks per year.
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https://www.dover.gov.uk/Planning/Planning-Policy-and-Regeneration/PDF/Heritage-Strategy-Appendix-1-Theme10.pdf
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Ferry Port Dover: the development of cross-channel vehicle ferries, their services and allied infrastructure
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selected Dover as the most suitable location of a harbour of refuge for the fleet between the dockyards of
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After rail services were extended to Dover in 1844, the Western Docks were used as a terminal for the
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821:. Dover Marine railway station closed in 1994, later to be redeveloped into Cruise Terminal One.
680:, was deliberately sunk by the Admiralty close to the entrance to Dover Harbour to prevent German
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The Port of Dover, with the Eastern Docks in the foreground and the Western Docks in the distance.
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indicates that Dover's history as a port and trading gateway dates back at least as far as the
240:. The current port traffic volumes and urban population categorize Dover as a Large-Port Town.
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is a cross-channel ferry, cruise terminal, maritime cargo and marina facility situated in
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1452:"The Southampton system: A new universal standard approach for port-city classification"
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368:, the port has always enjoyed a significant strategic position due to its proximity to
844:. The hoverport has now been demolished and redeveloped as a cargo handling facility.
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The Western Docks area was also used from 1968 to the early 2000s for a cross-channel
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Esmonde Cleary, A.; DARMC; R. Talbert; J. Becker; R. Warner; S. Gillies; T. Elliott.
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and was closed in 1964 to make way for port redevelopment and a car ferry terminal.
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at 4½ miles per hour. The system could thus transport 120 tons of coal per hour.
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1351:', which was filmed in 1989, prior to the station's closure in November 1994.
1199:. The cruise ship terminal can accommodate up to three ships at any one time.
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and nearly 1.5 million wounded soldiers returned. In 1920 the remains of the
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232:. Most of the board members of the Dover Harbour Board are appointees of the
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A boat train at Dover Western Docks station is seen in the third episode of
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The Eastern Docks also used to be served by the following, all now defunct:
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were landed prior to transportation to London and a ceremonial interment at
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and warehousing complex is capable of handling fresh produce, containers,
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in the early 1830s, occupies the approximate footprint of the Great Pent.
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and other cross-channel train services with its own railway station,
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1699:"Dover Eastern Docks – The Advent of Drive on Drive Off (1952-53)"
1642:, EWHC 84 (TCC), delivered 26 January 2012, accessed 24 July 2023
1638:
England and Wales High Court (Technology and Construction Court),
634:'s reign". The later construction of Wellington Dock, designed by
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Cross-channel port situated in Dover, Kent, south-east England
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1552:. Baltimore: Johns Hopkins University Press. pp. 55–86.
186:
65:
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The port is accessible by road from the M20/A20 (leading to
1793:"Port of Dover Welcomes the Return of Celebrity Silhouette"
1150:
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colliery, 7½ miles to the north. It emerged halfway up the
661:. The Admiralty Pier was constructed using a foundation of
212:
The Port of Dover has a long history and possesses several
190:
127:
69:
1640:
Herbosh-Kiere Marine Contractors Ltd v Dover Harbour Board
716:
From 1930 until 1950 an aerial ropeway carried coal from
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By Dover and Calais from early times to the present day
2071:. Dover: Printed at the "King's Arms" Printing Works.
1550:
Power, Knowledge, and Expertise in Elizabethan England
1449:
617:, early port infrastructure work commenced to address
216:
and structures. The port is owned and operated by the
868:
Dover harbour panorama photographed in 2012 from the
709:
Dover Promenade Pier. The yard began to shrink after
1716:
1450:
Roberts, Toby; Williams, Ian; Preston, John (2021).
2044:(1922). "Some unpublished plans of Dover Harbour".
400:Henry VIII embarking at the Port of Dover in 1520.
1516:Front Line Harbour: A History of the Port of Dover
622:the work was largely undertaken by labourers from
1819:"Port of Dover 2019 Annual Report & Accounts"
1685:https://www.britishpathe.com/video/coal-cable-car
236:. The port has its own private police force, the
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2005:Ferries of Dover: Through Five Decades 1960–2011
1877:
1729:. 22nd year of publication: 30–32. Autumn 1967.
704:beginning during the First World War, when the
684:from firing torpedoes into the harbour. During
1893:. Vol. 4. London: HMSO. pp. 729–64.
472:'s departure to the royal summit known as the
2189:
626:, using skills honed in the construction of
435:, the town, the Great Pent, and the harbour.
201:, the only fixed link between the island of
2088:. Ramsey, Isle of Man: Ferry Publications.
2026:. Ramsey, Isle of Man: Ferry Publications.
2007:. Ramsey, Isle of Man: Ferry Publications.
1988:. Ramsey, Isle of Man: Ferry Publications.
2196:
2182:
2083:
692:, were sunk alongside the Spanish Prince.
645:at the beginning of the 19th century, the
209:yacht marina along with cargo facilities.
1969:. Staplehurst, Kent: Ferry Publications.
1950:. Staplehurst, Kent: Ferry Publications.
1931:. Staplehurst, Kent: Ferry Publications.
1912:. Staplehurst, Kent: Ferry Publications.
1467:
1195:of 36.8 metres (121 ft) and 122,400
665:blocks surmounted by granite and durable
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1696:
1612:
1538:Biddle & Summerson 1982, pp. 755–64.
1242:
893:
885:
785:
463:. Following Edward III's success at the
411:
395:
172:
2589:Buildings and structures in Dover, Kent
1767:"Meyerwerft Website: Celebrity Cruises"
1575:"Marshmen at work: Dover Harbour, 1583"
1518:. Stroud: Amberley Publishing Limited.
1393:
1391:
1175:
2594:Port cities and towns of the North Sea
2576:
2132:Dover Ferry Photos Website & Forum
2086:The Ostend Ferry: from start to finish
1572:
1223:, general cargo, breakbulk, grain and
518:An Act for repairing of Dover Harbour.
39:Click on the map for a fullscreen view
2177:
2040:
2021:
2002:
1983:
1964:
1945:
1926:
1907:
609:In the 1580s, under the direction of
602:Text of statute as originally enacted
372:and as the location of the sheltered
1603:Biddle & Summerson 1982, p. 755.
1513:
1425:"A Dover Study – Dover Town Council"
1388:
1137:) and four companies under the tag:
840:, with up to five services daily to
700:Dover's Eastern Docks were used for
2137:Dover Cruise Ships: Photos and Info
1697:Thornton, Nigel (18 October 2020).
1547:
688:, the remains of another ship, the
285:An Acte for repaire of Dover Haven.
13:
1166:
881:
14:
2610:
2104:
1986:Dover–Calais: The Short-Sea Route
1615:"Admiralty Pier Part I 1836–1908"
1613:Sencicle, Lorraine (9 May 2015).
1427:. Dovertown.co.uk. Archived from
1209:
1187:at 319 metres (1,047 ft) in
905:
847:
1456:Maritime Policy & Management
857:
781:
755:Parliament of the United Kingdom
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29:
1891:The History of the King's Works
1870:
1840:
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1606:
1493:"Places: 79646 (Portus Dubris)"
1401:. Port of Dover. Archived from
1146:Stoomvaart Maatschappij Zeeland
872:. On the left of the panorama,
1597:
1566:
1541:
1532:
1507:
1484:
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1417:
794:. From the collections of the
790:The Wounded at Dover, 1918 by
488:Dover Harbour Repairs Act 1662
123:
109:
1:
1769:. Meyer Werft. Archived from
1741:"Dover Western Docks Revival"
1469:10.1080/03088839.2020.1802785
1376:
1338:
1299:and the Medway towns such as
1141:Regie voor Maritiem Transport
588:Statute Law Revision Act 1948
445:Confederation of Cinque Ports
439:Dover grew further after the
428:
329:Statute Law Revision Act 1948
2084:Pattheeuws, Stephen (2015).
1885:(1982). "Dover Harbour". In
166:https://www.portofdover.com/
7:
1653:"Stanlee Shipbreaking Yard"
1354:
676:, a former cargo ship, the
366:Roman occupation of Britain
10:
2615:
2599:Juxtaposed border controls
1723:"Cutting out the strain".
730:United Kingdom legislation
481:United Kingdom legislation
474:Field of the Cloth of Gold
342:
248:United Kingdom legislation
243:
2540:
2514:
2441:
2375:
2212:
2060:10.1017/S0261340900009693
1238:
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898:Terminal control building
890:The Eastern Docks in 2018
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641:After the threats of the
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447:. After the martyrdom of
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2067:Paterson, J. D. (1894).
1381:
449:Archbishop Thomas Becket
234:Department for Transport
2204:Harbours of the UK and
1573:Harris, Oliver (2006).
1285:Stratford International
1281:Ebbsfleet International
441:Norman invasion of 1066
1579:Romney Marsh Irregular
1514:Lane, Anthony (2011).
1327:. There are trains to
1248:
899:
891:
798:
737:Dover Harbour Act 1950
436:
431:1730. Visible are the
409:
255:Dover Harbour Act 1603
178:
1929:The Dover–Ostend Line
1548:Ash, Eric H. (2004).
1313:Ashford International
1287:as well as trains to
1277:Ashford International
1259:), and by train from
1246:
897:
889:
789:
506:Parliament of England
415:
399:
383:Dover Western Heights
343:Further information:
273:Parliament of England
222:statutory corporation
176:
2160:51.11917°N 1.32944°E
2125:16 July 2012 at the
2022:Hendy, John (2016).
2003:Hendy, John (2011).
1984:Hendy, John (2009).
1965:Hendy, John (1997).
1946:Hendy, John (1993).
1927:Hendy, John (1991).
1910:Sealink Dover–Calais
1908:Hendy, John (1988).
1293:London Charing Cross
1261:Dover Priory station
1255:) and the M2/A2 (to
1184:Celebrity Silhouette
1176:Cruise ship terminal
453:Canterbury Cathedral
238:Port of Dover Police
2584:Port of Dover, Kent
2156: /
2120:Dover Ferries Forum
1619:The Dover Historian
1399:"About/Performance"
1247:Southern Breakwater
1204:Port of Southampton
965:Pride of Canterbury
911:
796:Imperial War Museum
443:as a member of the
218:Dover Harbour Board
104:Dover Harbour Board
94:Dover Harbour Board
2541:Crown Dependencies
2206:Crown Dependencies
1773:on 17 January 2010
1703:Dover Ferry Photos
1349:Deceived by Flight
1273:Folkestone Central
1249:
1135:Sealink Stena Line
1116:P&O Stena Line
910:
900:
892:
799:
667:Bramley Fall stone
615:Sir Walter Raleigh
613:and championed by
437:
410:
370:continental Europe
350:Recent archaeology
179:
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2165:51.11917; 1.32944
1797:cruisebritain.org
1269:London St Pancras
1121:Townsend Thoresen
1084:
1083:
1067:Isle of Innisfree
1060:Isle of Inishmore
1022:Dunkerque Seaways
994:Côte des Flandres
951:Spirit of Britain
819:Westminster Abbey
769:British Railways'
761:
760:
743:Act of Parliament
607:
606:
577:Other legislation
494:Act of Parliament
416:Plan of Dover by
341:
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318:Other legislation
261:Act of Parliament
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148:10,863,262 (2019)
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1431:on 16 March 2011
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1395:
1361:France–UK border
1315:then either via
1225:roll-on/roll-off
1126:Normandy Ferries
1074:Isle of Inisheer
944:Spirit of France
912:
909:
861:
842:Boulogne-sur-Mer
765:roll-on/roll-off
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732:
595:Status: Repealed
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418:Gabriel Bodenehr
402:Royal Collection
345:History of Dover
336:Status: Repealed
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214:listed buildings
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1883:Summerson, John
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1854:. Port of Dover
1852:doverport.co.uk
1848:"Press Release"
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1828:. Port of Dover
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958:P&O Pioneer
930:P&O Ferries
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870:Western Heights
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674:First World War
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1048:Irish Ferries
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1045:
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1038:
1037:
1036:Delft Seaways
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1029:Dover Seaways
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1024:
1023:
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726:
723:
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702:ship breaking
696:Eastern Docks
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200:
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156:£58.5 million
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24:Port of Dover
22:
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2085:
2068:
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2047:Archaeologia
2045:
2024:Dover-Calais
2023:
2004:
1985:
1966:
1947:
1928:
1909:
1890:
1871:Bibliography
1856:. Retrieved
1851:
1842:
1830:. Retrieved
1825:
1813:
1801:. Retrieved
1796:
1787:
1775:. Retrieved
1771:the original
1761:
1749:. Retrieved
1744:
1735:
1724:
1718:
1706:. Retrieved
1702:
1692:
1680:
1669:
1657:. Retrieved
1647:
1634:
1622:. Retrieved
1618:
1608:
1599:
1587:. Retrieved
1582:
1578:
1568:
1549:
1543:
1534:
1515:
1509:
1497:. Retrieved
1486:
1459:
1455:
1445:
1433:. Retrieved
1429:the original
1419:
1407:. Retrieved
1403:the original
1344:
1342:
1267:services to
1265:Southeastern
1250:
1234:
1213:
1201:
1182:
1179:
1170:
1162:
1156:British Rail
1134:
1085:
1072:
1065:
1058:
1034:
1027:
1020:
999:
992:
987:Côte d'Opale
985:
975:DFDS Seaways
963:
956:
949:
942:
918:Destination
901:
874:Dover Castle
851:
837:
834:SpeedFerries
823:
807:Dover Marine
803:Golden Arrow
800:
777:
772:
762:
727:
715:
711:World War II
699:
689:
686:World War II
677:
671:
640:
636:James Walker
624:Romney Marsh
608:
572:30 July 1948
564:23 June 1669
556:24 June 1662
552:Commencement
542:Royal assent
478:
438:
379:Dover Castle
348:
309:Royal assent
230:King James I
217:
211:
207:
182:
180:
161:
18:
2532:Londonderry
2469:Burntisland
2464:Grangemouth
2459:Forth Ports
2347:Southampton
2307:King's Lynn
2163: /
2054:: 185–224.
1777:22 February
1708:26 December
1106:Norfolkline
1091:MyFerryLink
1055:3 vessels:
1017:3 vessels:
982:3 vessels:
939:4 vessels:
924:Ship notes
811:World War I
792:John Lavery
718:Tilmanstone
672:During the
583:Repealed by
546:19 May 1662
421: [
364:during the
324:Repealed by
313:7 July 1604
228:in 1606 by
90:Operated by
2578:Categories
2352:Sunderland
2337:Portsmouth
2282:Gloucester
2262:Felixstowe
2148:51°07′09″N
1900:0116708328
1726:Milestones
1624:10 January
1589:18 January
1559:0801879922
1495:. Pleiades
1435:8 February
1377:References
1339:In fiction
1301:Gillingham
1257:Canterbury
1253:Folkestone
1217:cold chain
1197:gross tons
1111:Stena Line
830:Hoverspeed
826:hovercraft
659:Folkestone
655:Portsmouth
514:Long title
470:Henry VIII
387:Roman road
374:River Dour
281:Long title
224:formed by
137:Statistics
2563:St Helier
2496:Inverness
2393:Fishguard
2342:Sharpness
2322:Lowestoft
2312:Liverpool
2297:Immingham
2235:Avonmouth
2151:1°19′46″E
1858:6 January
1832:4 January
1803:4 January
1751:6 January
1478:225502755
1321:Sevenoaks
1317:Tonbridge
1309:Rochester
1101:SeaFrance
915:Operator
706:Admiralty
690:War Sepoy
647:Admiralty
632:Elizabeth
619:siltation
529:14 Cha. 2
476:in 1520.
143:Passenger
2449:Aberdeen
2442:Scotland
2418:Pembroke
2398:Holyhead
2362:Weymouth
2332:Portland
2257:Falmouth
2123:Archived
2077:12041086
1659:11 April
1499:16 March
1355:See also
1333:Ramsgate
1096:LD Lines
838:SpeedOne
628:seawalls
569:Repealed
524:Citation
461:crusades
381:and the
296:1 Jas. 1
291:Citation
100:Owned by
62:Location
45:Location
2553:Douglas
2522:Belfast
2454:Glasgow
2428:Swansea
2423:Penarth
2413:Newport
2388:Cardiff
2367:Wisbech
2357:Tilbury
2302:Ipswich
2287:Harwich
2272:Grimsby
2240:Harbour
2230:Bristol
2213:England
1889:(ed.).
1585:: 13–21
1409:10 July
1311:or via
1305:Chatham
1133:(later
1131:Sealink
1052:Calais
1013:Dunkirk
979:Calais
722:Langdon
682:U-Boats
651:Chatham
561:Expired
531:. c. 27
298:. c. 32
244:History
195:England
162:Website
145:traffic
76:Details
51:Country
2501:Irvine
2489:Dundee
2484:Methil
2474:Rosyth
2433:Talbot
2408:Mostyn
2317:London
2225:Boston
2220:Barrow
2092:
2075:
2030:
2011:
1992:
1973:
1954:
1935:
1916:
1897:
1687:(film)
1556:
1522:
1476:
1239:Access
1231:Marina
935:Calais
921:Fleet
773:Dinard
433:castle
362:Dubris
358:Bronze
114:berths
81:Opened
2548:Braye
2527:Larne
2479:Leith
2383:Barry
2376:Wales
2327:Poole
2277:Goole
2252:Dover
1822:(PDF)
1474:S2CID
1382:Notes
1263:with
536:Dates
457:third
425:]
354:Stone
303:Dates
187:Dover
128:piers
66:Dover
2292:Hull
2090:ISBN
2073:OCLC
2028:ISBN
2009:ISBN
1990:ISBN
1971:ISBN
1952:ISBN
1933:ISBN
1914:ISBN
1895:ISBN
1860:2021
1834:2021
1805:2021
1779:2010
1753:2021
1710:2020
1661:2014
1626:2021
1591:2023
1554:ISBN
1520:ISBN
1501:2013
1437:2010
1411:2018
1331:and
1329:Deal
1319:and
1307:and
1295:via
1271:via
1193:beam
1191:, a
1151:SNCF
653:and
356:and
220:, a
191:Kent
181:The
84:1606
70:Kent
2056:doi
1464:doi
1347:, '
1323:or
1291:or
771:SS
451:at
126:of
124:No.
112:of
110:No.
2580::
2052:72
2050:.
1881:;
1850:.
1824:.
1795:.
1743:.
1701:.
1617:.
1583:28
1581:.
1577:.
1472:.
1460:48
1458:.
1454:.
1390:^
1335:.
1303:,
1283:,
1279:,
1275:,
1227:.
1206:.
836:,
429:c.
427:,
423:de
404:,
393:.
189:,
68:,
2197:e
2190:t
2183:v
2098:.
2079:.
2062:.
2058::
2036:.
2017:.
1998:.
1979:.
1960:.
1941:.
1922:.
1903:.
1862:.
1836:.
1807:.
1781:.
1755:.
1712:.
1663:.
1628:.
1593:.
1562:.
1528:.
1503:.
1480:.
1466::
1439:.
1413:.
408:.
132:2
118:8
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