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590:(the assembly of Coptic bishops) to lead the Church until it chooses a successor. Usually it is one of the eldest of the bishops. Under his leadership, within the space of a month, a committee consisting of fourteen members of the Synod, has the task of preparing, based on reports received, an initial list of five or six candidates for the election. There are specific criteria that need to be met: the future Coptic pope must be over 40 years old, he must have lived as a
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601:, chosen from elders and leaders of associations. This is a large body, consisting of one thousand people who will be voting for the candidates. The three that receive the most support will have their names on the ballot during the ceremony of the "sacred election by lot." The ceremony is held during a public ritual which the entire community of the faithful is invited to attend.
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The Copts pride themselves on the apostolicity of their national church, whose founder was none other than St. Mark, the author of the oldest canonical Gospel used by both St. Matthew and St. Luke, and probably also by St. John. Mark is regarded by the Coptic hierarchy as the first in their unbroken
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voted on a successor. The names of the three candidates who received most votes were put in a glass chalice. One name was then picked by a blindfolded boy, believed to be guided by the hand of God. The man thus picked became the new
Patriarch of Alexandria. Shenouda III had been elected in a similar
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Once chosen, this list is then published in Egypt's three major Arab-language newspapers, communicating the names of the candidates to all the faithful of the Coptic Church. For this reason, the next step takes place only after three months. At that point a grand assembly is called, including the 74
686:
From the 6th century, the imperial chancery of
Constantinople normally reserved this designation for the Bishop of Rome. From the early 6th century, it began to be confined in the West to the Bishop of Rome, a practice that was firmly in place by the 11th century, when Pope Gregory VII declared it
510:
The liturgy of the Altar Ballot took place on
November 4, 2012. The 60-year-old Bishop Tawadoros, Auxiliary Bishop of Beheira, assistant to Metropolitan Pachomios of Beheira, was chosen as the 118th Pope of Alexandria. He then chose the name of Theodoros II. He was formally enthroned on November
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Then, during the ceremony, a blindfolded child pulls one of three cards from within a chalice, each with the name of a different candidate written on them, out of a silver urn. The name on the card picked by the child will be the identity of the person chosen to be the new pope.
480:. The Holy Synod is the highest authority in the Church of Alexandria, which has between 12 and 18 million members worldwide, 10 to 14 million of whom are in Egypt. The pope is also the chairman of the church's
1140:
M. Guirguis and N. van Doorn-Harder, The
Emergence of the Modern Coptic Papacy: The Egyptian Church and Its Leadership from the Ottoman Period to the Present, Cairo: American University in Cairo Press, 2011,
1123:
Saad
Michael Saad and Nardine Miranda Saad, “Electing Coptic Patriarchs: A Diversity of Traditions,” Bulletin of St. Shenouda the Archimandrite Coptic Society (Los Angeles), vol. 6, pp. 20–32, 2000:
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Mounir
Shoucri, “Patriarchal Election,” The Coptic Encyclopedia, Aziz Atiya, ed., (New York: Macmillan, 1991) pp. 1911–2. Now available at the Claremont Coptic Encyclopedia:
2406:
477:
2523:
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Otto F.A. Meinardus, “Procedures of
Election of Coptic Patriarchs,” in Christian Egypt: Faith and Life. Cairo: American University in Cairo Press, 1970), pp. 90–141.
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also granted secular recognition to these religious leaders. Because of this split, the leadership of this church is not part of this system.
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The first step – which must take place within seven days after the death of the Coptic pope – is the appointment of a regent, chosen by the
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2780:*Markianos is considered Mark II on the Greek side of the subsequent schism, hence this numbering of Mark III.
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19:'Pope of Alexandria' redirects here. For the Greek Orthodox figure sometimes also known by that title, see
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Saad
Michael Saad, (in Arabic) “التقاليد القبطية في انتخاب بابا الإسكندرية,” Watani, 4 November 2001.
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recognized the special significance of several cities as leaders of the worldwide Church. The
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The pope of the Coptic
Orthodox Church is elected with the following procedure since 1957:
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Further reading on traditions and procedures for electing the patriarch may be found at:
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996:. The Church in history. Vol. 2. Crestwood, NY: St. Vladimir's Seminary Press.
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Members of the Coptic
Orthodox Church consider their heads as direct successors of
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449:. The primacy of the Patriarch of Alexandria is rooted in his role as successor to
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The Chronicle of John, Bishop of Nikiu: Translated from Zotenberg's Ethiopic Text
659:τοῦτον ἐγὼ τὸν κανόνα καὶ τὸν τύπον παρὰ τοῦ μακαρίου πάπα ἡμῶν Ἡρακλᾶ παρέλαβον.
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Following the traditions of the church, the pope is chairman and head of the
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Traditional Egyptian Christianity: A History of the Coptic Orthodox Church
781:(1st ed.). Cairo: American University in Cairo Press. pp. 28–9.
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461:. It is one of three Peterine Sees affirmed by the council alongside the
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Oxford Dictionary of the Christian Church (Oxford University Press 2005
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in Alexandria is still disputed after the separation which followed the
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I received this rule and ordinance from our blessed pope, Heraclas.
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bishops of the Coptic Church and twelve representatives from each
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and the Patriarch of Rome. The current holder of this position is
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331:
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Assyrian Church of the East Patriarchate of Seleucia-Ctesiphon
994:
Imperial unity and Christian divisions: The Church 450-680 A.D
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for at least fifteen years, and must never have been married.
3302:
Ancient Church of the East Patriarchate of Seleucia-Ctesiphon
967:
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446:
327:
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legacy and branched where multiple denominational claimants:
478:
Holy Synod of the Coptic Orthodox Patriarchate of Alexandria
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3144:
1111:"Egypt Religions & Peoples from 'LOOKLEX Encyclopedia
16:
Leader of the Coptic Orthodox Church of Alexandria, Egypt
1073:"From Paris to Cairo: Resistance of the Unacculturated"
671:
It is difficult to ascertain the identity of the first
3331:
Catholicos of All Armenians (Patriarch of Etchmiadzin)
1089:
Bailey, Betty Jane; Martin Bailey, J (June 18, 2009).
916:
Eusebius, Historia Ecclesiastica Book VII, chapter 7.7
893:"The Egyptian boy who chose the Coptic pope last time"
753:"Coptic Christian Pope Tawadros II enthroned in Cairo"
647:
A record in history of the term "pope" is assigned to
1067:
694:
414:
394:
97:. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.
487:Although historically associated with the city of
3599:Popes of the Coptic Orthodox Church of Alexandria
2829:
499:since 1047. The pope is currently established in
3590:
622:Historical evolution of the ecclesiastical title
728:Seat of the Coptic Orthodox Pope of Alexandria
493:Seat of the Coptic Orthodox Pope of Alexandria
2815:
1177:
819:"This is how you elect a pope, a Coptic pope"
2843:Traditional ecclesiastical jurisdictions of
1191:
3521:Ethiopian Orthodox Patriarchate of Ethiopia
1000:
816:
651:in a letter written by the bishop of Rome,
60:Learn how and when to remove these messages
3160:Coptic Catholic Patriarchate of Alexandria
3139:Coptic Orthodox Patriarchate of Alexandria
2822:
2808:
1184:
1170:
1091:Who are the Christians in the Middle East?
988:
957:. Merchantville, NJ: Evolution Publishing.
272:
3535:Eritrean Orthodox Patriarchate of Eritrea
3286:Chaldean Catholic Patriarchate of Baghdad
3127:Greek Orthodox Patriarchate of Alexandria
2997:Ecumenical Patriarchate of Constantinople
964:Two Thousand Years of Coptic Christianity
961:
779:Two thousand years of Coptic Christianity
776:
237:Learn how and when to remove this message
219:Learn how and when to remove this message
157:Learn how and when to remove this message
21:Greek Orthodox Patriarchate of Alexandria
3191:Greek Orthodox Patriarchate of Jerusalem
3087:Melkite Catholic Patriarchate of Antioch
1012:
924:
922:
723:Holy Synod of the Coptic Orthodox Church
615:Holy Synod of the Coptic Orthodox Church
570:
182:This article includes a list of general
3360:Armenian Patriarchate of Constantinople
3079:Syriac Catholic Patriarchate of Antioch
3046:Syriac Orthodox Patriarchate of Antioch
3012:Armenian Patriarchate of Constantinople
2493:Cristoforo Guidalotti Ciocchi del Monte
1035:
949:
3591:
3064:Greek Orthodox Patriarchate of Antioch
1108:. Cairo: American University in Cairo.
501:Saint Mark's Coptic Orthodox Cathedral
3604:Lists of Oriental Orthodox Christians
2803:
2556:Gregorio Giuseppe Gaetani de Aragonia
1165:
919:
426:'father'), also known as the
3428:Serbian Orthodox Patriarchate of Peć
3004:Latin Patriarchate of Constantinople
1115:". LookLex Ltd.. September 30, 2008.
812:
810:
541:, but the succession to the role of
168:
106:"Pope of the Coptic Orthodox Church"
95:adding citations to reliable sources
66:
25:
2480:Guido Ascanio Sforza di Santa Fiora
817:Bernardelli, Giorgio (2012-03-25).
679:. Some sources suggest that it was
404:
13:
3352:Armenian Patriarchate of Jerusalem
3198:Armenian Patriarchate of Jerusalem
1093:. William B. Eerdmans Publishing.
943:
844:"Blindfolded boy selects new pope"
367:Saint Mark Cathedral in Alexandria
188:it lacks sufficient corresponding
14:
3625:
3343:Armenian Catholicosate of Cilicia
3249:Latin Catholic titular episcopate
3056:Armenian Catholicosate of Cilicia
1150:
868:"Egypt's Coptics pick a new pope"
807:
687:reserved for the Bishop of Rome.
469:, who was selected as the 118th
41:This article has multiple issues.
3571:
3152:Latin Patriarchate of Alexandria
1013:Partrick, Theodore (June 1996).
697:
525:State church of the Roman Empire
258:بابا الكنيسة القبطية الأرثوذكسية
173:
71:
30:
3476:Patriarchate of the East Indies
3460:Patriarchate of the West Indies
3206:Latin Patriarchate of Jerusalem
2851:, sorted according to earliest
1106:Coptic Egypt: History and Guide
1077:The Ambassadors Online Magazine
1071:; Hakem Rustom (January 2006).
82:needs additional citations for
49:or discuss these issues on the
3468:Latin Patriarchate of Ethiopia
1006:History of the Byzantine State
962:Meinardus, Otto (2002-10-01).
910:
885:
874:. Associated Press. 2012-11-05
860:
836:
777:Meinardus, Otto F. A. (2002).
770:
745:
578:, the 117th Pope of Alexandria
1:
3095:Latin Patriarchate of Antioch
2372:Humbert II, Dauphin of Vienne
738:
718:List of Coptic Orthodox popes
552:The later development of the
521:List of Coptic Orthodox popes
371:Saint Mark Cathedral in Cairo
3609:Egypt religion-related lists
1039:Story of the Church of Egypt
972:American University in Cairo
482:General Congregation Council
395:
7:
2469:Alonso de Fonseca y Acevedo
2407:Johannes Walteri von Sinten
690:
649:Pope Heraclas of Alexandria
566:
415:
10:
3630:
2568:Giuseppe Antonio Davanzati
1008:. Oxford: Basil Blackwell.
518:
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2571:Lodovico Agnello Anastasi
2559:Carlo Ambrosio Mezzabarba
2461:Pedro González de Mendoza
2367:Egidio da Ferrara (Giles)
2353:
1834:
1346:
1199:
537:is one of these original
505:Monastery of Saint Pishoy
453:, who was consecrated by
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342:
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301:
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291:selected 18 November 2012
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3614:Alexandria-related lists
3416:Patriarchate of Bulgaria
3401:Patriarchate of Aquileia
2683:Gregory II Youssef-Sayur
2598:Luca Ermenegildo Pasetto
2514:Giovanni Battista Albani
2465:Diego Hurtado de Mendoza
2454:Arnaldo Rogerii de Palas
2385:Arnaud Bernard du Pouget
1193:Patriarchs of Alexandria
802:chain of 117 patriarchs.
437:, is the leader of the
3578:Christianity portal
3530:(1992–2018; since 2019)
3514:Patriarchate of Romania
3422:Patriarchate of Georgia
3368:Patriarchate of Cilicia
2872:Eastern Orthodox Church
2524:Séraphin Olivier-Razali
2428:Pietro Amaury di Lordat
1157:Former official website
1036:Butcher, E. L. (1897).
733:Patriarch of Alexandria
663:which translates into:
626:
435:Patriarch of Alexandria
303:Ecclesiastical province
203:more precise citations.
3490:Patriarchate of Lisbon
3483:Patriarchate of Moscow
3435:Patriarchate of Venice
2583:Paolo Angelo Ballerini
2485:Ottaviano Maria Sforza
2419:Pietro Amely di Brunac
2402:Pietro Amely di Brunac
1052:Smith, Elder & Co.
713:Coptic Orthodox Church
669:
661:
613:on March 17, 2012 the
603:
579:
473:on November 18, 2012.
439:Coptic Orthodox Church
3409:Patriarchate of Grado
3071:Maronite Patriarchate
2753:Stéphanos I Sidarouss
2552:Petrus Draghi Bartoli
2431:Lancelotus de Navarra
2364:Atanasio (Athanasius)
1216:Mark I the Evangelist
1021:: Fisher Park Press.
665:
657:
584:
574:
457:, as affirmed by the
3528:Patriarchate of Kyiv
2768:Ibrahim Isaac Sidrak
2758:Stéphanos II Ghattas
2638:Athanasius IV Jawhar
2623:Athanasius IV Jawhar
2588:Domenico Marinangeli
2542:Allesandro Crescenzi
2529:Alessandro di Sangro
2444:Giovanni Vitelleschi
1838:Popes and Patriarchs
1350:Popes and Patriarchs
1132:Patriarchal Election
1104:Kamil, Jill (1997).
547:Council of Chalcedon
535:Church of Alexandria
495:has been located in
491:, the residence and
463:Patriarch of Antioch
91:improve this article
3257:Archbishop of Tunis
2703:Cyril IX Moghabghab
2673:Maximos III Mazloum
2653:Ignatius IV Sarrouf
2562:Filippo Carlo Spada
2547:Aloysius Bevilacqua
2381:Guillaume de Chanac
1206:Chalcedonian schism
1002:Ostrogorsky, George
705:Christianity portal
675:to carry the title
609:After the death of
561:Mark the Evangelist
3273:Seleucia-Ctesiphon
2884:Oriental Orthodoxy
2688:Peter IV Geraigiry
2658:Athanasius V Matar
2633:Theodosius V Dahan
2440:Vitalis di Mauléon
2434:Giovanni Contarini
2397:Jean de Cardaillac
951:Charles, Robert H.
644:meaning "father".
580:
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2763:Antonios I Naguib
2748:Kyrillos Makarios
2718:Gregory III Laham
2708:Maximos IV Sayegh
2668:Ignatius V Qattan
2663:Macarius IV Tawil
2537:Federico Borromeo
2533:Honoratus Caetani
2504:Alessandro Riario
2473:Bernardino Carafa
1141:pp. 111–127.
1099:978-0-8028-1020-5
934:978-0-19-280290-3
899:. 4 November 2012
872:Houston Chronicle
576:Pope Shenouda III
459:Council of Nicaea
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2698:Demetrius I Qadi
2648:Agapius II Matar
2628:Maximos II Hakim
2608:Melkite Catholic
2578:Augustus Foscolo
2574:Francisco Mattei
2414:Simon of Cramaud
2389:Arnaldo Bernardi
2184:Meletius I Pegas
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1101:, p. 145ss.
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990:Meyendorff, John
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681:Pope Marcellinus
531:Christian Church
467:Pope Tawadros II
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1988:Sophronius I
1918:Apollinarius
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1390:Timothy III
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288:Tawadros II
278:Tawadros II
201:introducing
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1545:Philotheos
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1420:Benjamin I
1415:Andronicus
1410:Anastasius
1360:Timothy II
1263:Agrippinus
1201:Patriarchs
1082:2007-06-09
903:2022-09-04
878:2022-09-04
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763:2021-08-22
739:References
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511:18, 2012.
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253:Bishop of
209:March 2012
184:references
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757:BBC News
691:See also
567:Election
330:and all
297:Location
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