Law enforcement in the United Kingdom

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relation byelaws regulations and all enactments relating to open spaces, Article 19 of the Act was repealed by section 26(1) of the Police and Criminal Evidence Act 1984 (Local Acts) and the power of arrest for Parks Constables is now contained in Section 24 of P.A.C.E 1984, further amendments to Article 19 covering coming to the aid and assistance of such a constable or officer were repealed by SOCPA 2005, as this provision is already covered in P.A.C.E 1984 (Legal Counsel 2007,2012). No enforcement agency with a power of arrest or detention can operate outside of the provisions of P.A.C.E 1984; therefore all local powers of arrest and detention were brought into line under section 26(1) P.A.C.E 1984.

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General's fraud review recognised the role taken by the City Police as the lead force in London and the South-East for tackling fraud, and made a recommendation that, should a national lead force be required, the City Police, with its expertise, would be an ideal candidate to take this role. This view was confirmed on the publication of the final report, which recommended that the City of London Police's Fraud Squad should be the national lead force in combatting fraud, to "act as a centre of excellence, disseminate best practice, give advice on complex inquiries in other regions, and assist with or direct the most complex of such investigations"

3511: 3409: 4967: 4924: 1553:. In England and Wales this is currently defined in section1 of the Police Act 1996. A police area defines the geographic area for which a territorial police force is responsible for policing. This is different to legal jurisdiction (see below). Special police forces (such as the BTP) do not have police areas and ultimately the Chief Constable of a territorial police force is responsible for maintaining law and order throughout his/her police area even if, for example, BTP have a presence at railways stations within the police area. Scotland and Northern Ireland have national police forces (see below). 1365: 5023: 3716: 4101:, funding was decreased between 2011 and 2016 by 22% in real terms and police officer numbers fell by 20,000 from 2010 to 2017. Funding levels stayed the same in real terms between 2015 and 2018, with a decrease in central government funding made up for by an increase in local government funding. Increased spending in some areas such as counter-terrorism has been offset by decreased spending in other departments. In 2018 further funding cuts will force further cuts in the numbers of police officers. 80% of UK people believe Britain is less safe due to cuts to police funding. 4915: 5511: 5120: 5278: 30: 2890:

relation to more serious offences as listed in the act. The Act sets out how long the person can be detained in custody by the 'arresting force' in one jurisdiction until constables from the 'investigating force' in another jurisdiction can travel to re-arrest the person and deal accordingly. Below is a summary of these five powers with a practical example due to the complicated nature of this area of law. Note: this section applies to territorial police constables only, and not to others – except the British Transport Police, who also have

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these officers will normally patrol by vehicle (though also on foot or bicycle in urban areas). They will generally patrol a sub-division or whole division of a police force area or in the case of the Metropolitan Police Service, a borough. Nearly all police officers begin their careers in this area of policing, with some moving on to more specialist roles. The Metropolitan Police Service calls this area of policing 'Response Teams', whilst other forces use terms such as 'patrol', 'section' and other variations.

5269: 5111: 3204: 5361: 11639: 4704:; as the SBAs' existence is solely for the benefit of the British armed forces and do not have full overseas territory status, the SBA Police are responsible to the Ministry of Defence). Because they are based on the British model of policing, these police forces conform to the standards set out by the British government, which includes voluntarily submitting themselves to inspection by the HMIC. Their vehicles share similarities with the vehicles owned by forces based in the UK, such as the use of 5065: 5227: 5166: 5840: 5429: 5392: 5752: 5604: 5313: 4809: 4750: 4862: 5719: 53: 5352: 5685: 3646:

differently depending on the force. Smaller forces such Dyfed Powys Police and Warwickshire Police will have fewer specialists and will rely on cross training, such as firearms officers also being traffic trained officers. The Metropolitan Police, the largest force in the country, has a large number of specialist departments, some of which are unique to the Metropolitan Police due to policing the capital and its national responsibilities. For example, the

5218: 5157: 3460: 5645: 4800: 5592: 5804: 4853: 5710: 1120: 5657: 4470:. Any person found guilty faces 10 years imprisonment and an unlimited fine. It is a defence for a person charged with this offence to prove that they had a reasonable excuse for their action. It is not otherwise illegal to photograph or film a police officer in a public place per se. Any film or photography recorded whilst a constable is dealing with an incident may be seized as it becomes evidence under section 19 of 5673: 852:

growing in England at the time. Chadwick also addressed the concern that building out a powerful police state could lead to a reduction in civil and personal liberties, but argued that the fear of crime made English citizens slaves, and so were less free without aggressive policing. Legislation in the 1830s introduced policing in boroughs and many counties and, in the 1850s, policing was established nationally.

2910:(all); and a warrant to arrest a witness (England, Wales or Northern Ireland); a warrant for committal, a warrant to imprison (or to apprehend and imprison), and a warrant to arrest a witness (Scotland). A warrant issued in one legal jurisdiction may be executed in either of the other two jurisdictions by a constable from either the jurisdiction where it was issued, or the jurisdiction where it is executed. 1263: 3437:

training, and as such are only permitted to use emergency equipment when positioned at a scene or to pull over a vehicle. Officers who have undergone additional training to reach 'initial pursuit phase' standard are allowed to pursue vehicles, should they fail to stop. Vans are used as IRVs and, more specifically, to transport arrested suspects in a cage, who are unsuitable to be taken to custody in a car.

3731:(BIA) was created and commenced operation. However, there were no police officers in the Agency, a matter that attracted considerable criticism when the Agency was established - agency officers have limited powers of arrest. Further powers for designated officers within the Agency, including powers of detention pending the arrival of a police officer, were introduced by the UK Borders Act 2007. 6893: 881:(1956) that these principles constituted a philosophy of policing "unique in history and throughout the world because it derived not from fear but almost exclusively from public co-operation with the police, induced by them designedly by behaviour which secures and maintains for them the approval, respect and affection of the public". This approach to policing became known as " 6733: 6685: 1541:. Although police officers have wide-ranging powers, they are still subject to the same laws as members of the public (aside from specific exemptions such as the carrying of firearms and certain road traffic legislation). There are additional legal restrictions placed on police officers such as the prohibitions on industrial action and on taking part in active politics. 3017:

have the same rights and the constable the same powers and duties as they would have were the constable a constable of a police force in Scotland. When a constable arrests a person in Northern Ireland, the constable is subject to the requirements of Article 30 (informing of arrest), Article 32 (taking to a designated police station) and Article 34 (search on arrest).

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shape local services. Establishing a single service aims to ensure more equal access to national and specialist services and expertise such as major investigation teams and firearms teams, whenever and wherever they are needed." The Police and Fire Reform (Scotland) Bill was published in January 2012 and was approved on 27 June 2012 after scrutiny in the

6889: 4494:, minutes after an alleged assault by a police officer, and a separate alleged assault on a woman by a police officer, has led to criticism of police tactics during protests. In response, Metropolitan Police Commissioner Sir Paul Stephenson asked Her Majesty's Chief Inspector of Constabulary (HMIC) to review policing tactics, including the practice of 6660: 7367: 6707: 989:. This grants the officer all the powers and privileges, duties and responsibilities of a constable in one of the three distinct legal systems - either England and Wales, Scotland or Northern Ireland, and the territorial waters of that country. The limited circumstances where their powers extend across the border are described in the section above. 7271: 6841: 6638: 6815: 3613:. Recruits initially spend 12 weeks at the SPC before being posted to their divisions and over the next two years return to the SPC a number of times to complete examinations and fitness tests. Training is composed of four distinct modules undertaken at various locations with some parts being delivered locally and some centrally at the SPC. 3638:

political ward in London having a Police Sergeant, two police constables and a few PCSOs who are ring fenced to address problems and build community links in their respective wards. Other police forces have similar systems but can be named 'Area officers', 'Neighbourhood officers', 'Beat Constables' and a number of other variations.

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development as a colonial peacekeeping force. There is extensive documentation of police brutality in the 19th century, including excessive force, racial profiling, and several charges of murder. The controversies that plagued the early years of the police force were much the same as the current complaints against modern policing.

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from the Armed Forces Act 2006. The Service Police do assist territorial police forces in towns the UK with nearby military barracks where there is likely to be significant numbers of service personnel off duty. In Overseas Territories, they are sometimes sworn in as constables to assist and/or act as the police force (e.g. the

1408: 4063:, of London's preparedness in the face of potential terror attacks. Amongst the recommendations, which were published in October 2016, was a revisiting of the idea of merging the Metropolitan Police, City of London Police and British Transport Police. In commenting, both the City Police and BTP cautioned against the proposal. 3401:(SCO19), but every force in the United Kingdom maintains its own armed unit. Metropolitan and City of London Police operate with three officers per armed response vehicle, composed of a driver, a navigator, and an observer who gathers information about the incident and liaises with other units. Other police forces carry two 4545:

investigated and the police are "woefully under-resourced" for the number of online child sexual abuse investigations they must undertake. Che Donald of the Police Federation of England and Wales said the government should acknowledge the "true cost of policing" or officers would be unable to keep the public safe.

6837: 6941: 6915: 6811: 6967: 4044:. A report by former Metropolitan Police Assistant Commissioner Anthony Speed provided three options to reform the RPC, with the decision taken that it should be merged with the Metropolitan Police. The Met took over responsibility for policing the Royal Parks on 1 April 2004 with the formation of the 3998:

The 2005-06 merger proposals had not included Greater London. This was due to two separate reviews of policing in the capital - the first was a review by the Department of Transport into the future role and function of the British Transport Police. The second was a review by the Attorney-General into

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are permitted to travel to/from relevant premises in uniform and their (usually distinctive) vehicles will occasionally be seen. Their powers (including the carrying of firearms) are generally limited by that and other legislation to those necessary for the performance of duties related to their own

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Criminal Investigation Departments (CID) can be found in all police forces. Generally these officers deal with investigations of a more complex, serious nature; however, this again can differ from force to force. Most officers within this area are detectives. Depending on the force in question this

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Forces also utilise unmarked vehicles for a wide-variety of roles. Covert surveillance vehicles are typically not fitted with any emergency equipment, as it is not necessary. Some forces utilise unmarked response vehicles to aid in proactive work. Similarly, some roads policing vehicles and ARVs are

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poll of 2070 people conducted over 7-8 August 2024 found partisan differences in beliefs in police bias, with voters of Reform UK and the Conservative Party more likely to believe that the police were more lenient towards Muslims, black people, the far left and climate activists. Labour and Liberal

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there were concerns that the UK may lose access to important cross border databases of criminals, which would make it harder for the police to keep the public safe. Police leaders warned of "a significant loss of operational capacity" if the UK were to leave the EU without an agreement on policing.

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on false pretences and under assumed aliases, in some cases sharing a home, making plans for weddings, or fathering children, only to vanish after some years when their role was complete. In 2015 a public inquiry under a senior judge was announced. In November 2015 the Metropolitan Police published

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in London. However, the proposal to merge both the BTP and City forces with the Met caused significant criticism from several areas; the House of Commons Transport Select Committee severely criticised the idea of the Metropolitan Police taking over policing of the rail network in a report published

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The majority of officers on mobile patrol will do so in a marked police vehicle, namely an Incident Response Vehicle (IRV). Officers typically hold a 'response' permit, allowing them to utilise blue lights and sirens to make an emergency response. Some officers may not have undergone the additional

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This power allows a constable of one jurisdiction to arrest without warrant a person suspected of an offence in another jurisdiction whilst in their home jurisdiction. The Policing and Crime Act 2017 sets out which offences this power of arrest will apply to in each jurisdiction (generally serious

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in England or Wales, shall be taken to the nearest convenient police station (Scotland) or to a police station within a sheriffdom in which the offence is being investigated (Scotland), to the nearest convenient designated police station (Northern Ireland) or to a designated police station in which

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than they were attested in. There are four main provisions for them to do so – arrest with a warrant, arrest without a warrant for an offence committed in their home jurisdiction whilst in another jurisdiction, arrest without a warrant for an offence committed in another jurisdiction whilst in

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who are made up of tri-service policemen/women and are known as "Royal Overseas Police Officers") and anywhere where British Forces are stationed or deployed. Generally, when carrying out this assistance, service policemen/women are unarmed, but carry a range of PPE including a baton, handcuffs and

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Successfully completion of the PCSO NLP over a period of six months to a year will result in a non-mandatory Certificate in Policing and this equates to 10 weeks of direct learning and consists of six mandatory units. Four of these units also feature within the IPLDP and being a QCF qualification,

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In addition, forces' specialist units utilise a wide variety of vehicles to help perform their role effectively. Roads Policing Units (RPU) utilise performance vehicles to primarily enforce traffic laws and pursue fleeing suspects. Armed Response Vehicles (ARV) are used to transport armed officers

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When a constable arrests a person in England & Wales, the constable is subject to the requirements of section 28 (informing of arrest), section 30 (taking to a designated police station) and section 32 (search on arrest). When a constable arrests a person in Scotland, the arrested person shall

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which fills a loop hole in arrest powers in certain situations. This power came into force in March 2018. This new power allows a constable from one jurisdiction to arrest without warrant a person suspected of an offence in another jurisdiction whilst in their home jurisdiction. This power is in

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are allowed to swear in council officers as constables for "securing the observance of the provisions of all enactments relating to open spaces under their control or management and of bye-laws and regulations made thereunder". Local Authority Parks Constables have all the powers of a constable in

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Other historians, such as Robert Storch, David Philips and Roger Swift, argue that Peel's Metropolitan Police were built on his experience of the Royal Irish Constabulary. Storch's view is that the English police force is not different to those of other nations and in fact follows a rather typical

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to Parliament. This report was to evaluate how the burgeoning police force would work with "poor law" as well as to make the case to establish a national force based on the Metropolitan Police. Much of his argument was based around the necessity for protection of the developing capitalism that was

3935:). The Chief Constable of North Wales has publicly stated (November 2006) that he is considering directly recruiting a small number of officers from Poland to assist with policing the substantial population of Polish people that have migrated to his area since Poland's accession to the EU in 2004. 3633:

All police forces have teams of officers who are responsible for general beat duties and response to emergency and non-emergency calls from the public. These officers are generally the most visible and will invariably be the first interface a member of the public has with police. In general terms

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offences), and how long the person arrested can be kept in custody, with relevant authorities, by the "arresting force" to allow sufficient time for officers from the "investigating force" in another jurisdiction to travel and re-arrest the detained person for the purposes of their investigation.

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A constable from England & Wales is subject to the same necessity tests for arrest (as under section 24 of the Police and Criminal Evidence Act 1984) as they would be in England & Wales, a constable from Scotland may arrest if it would have been lawful to do so in Scotland and a constable

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When executing a warrant issued in Scotland, the constable executing it shall have the same powers and duties, and the person arrested the same rights, as they would have had if execution had been in Scotland by a constable of a police force in Scotland. When executing a warrant issued in England

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Service Police/Military Police are not constables under UK law and do not have any constabulary powers over the general public; however, they have the full range of policing power that constables possess when dealing with service personnel or civilians subject to Service Law, drawing their powers

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The loss of access to SIS has led to police officers being unable to see alerts on criminals from EU countries, and vice versa. UK police agencies have replaced these with Interpol, but this comes with additional administrative overhead and reduced powers, and they are unable to know if they are

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Most local areas or wards in the country have at least one police officer who is involved in trying to build links with the local community and resolve long-term problems. In London, the Metropolitan Police Service addresses this area of policing with Safer Neighbourhood Teams. This entails each

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Training for Special Constables is delivered locally at seven locations throughout Scotland over a series of evenings and/or weekends. The training is split into two parts, with the first phase being delivered in a classroom environment before being sworn in as a Special Constable and the second

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Derived from the IPLDP and although not linked to a formal qualification as such; IL4SC requires the learning outcomes and National Occupational Standards (NOSs) are met in order to become compliant. This curriculum will bring an officer to the 'point of safe and lawful accompanied patrol'. This

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confirmed on 8 September 2011 that a single police service would be created in Scotland. The Scottish Government stated that "reform will safeguard frontline policing in communities by creating designated local senior officers for every council area with a statutory duty to work with councils to

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Police constables are granted certain powers to enable them to execute their duties. Their primary duties are the protection of life and property, preservation of the peace, and prevention and detection of criminal offences. In the British model of policing, police officers exercise their police

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For the 2017/18 fiscal year, the budget for local Police and Crime Commissioners to spend on police is £11 billion, with an extra £1.5 billion allocated to counter-terrorism and other special programmes. The combined funding will reduce from £12.3 billion in 2017/18 to £11.6 billion in 2020/21.

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in Northern Ireland, shall be taken either to the nearest convenient designated police station (England & Wales) or to a designated police station in a police area in which the offence is being investigated (England & Wales) or to the nearest convenient police station (Scotland) or to a

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said the police were "performing a remarkable public service in increasingly difficult circumstances", though they were "badly overstretched" and responding with difficulty to increasing challenges like online fraud and online child abuse. Only a very small proportion of online fraud cases are

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made public their opposition to the City Police merging with the Met. In a statement on 20 July 2006, the Transport Secretary announced that there would be no structural or operational changes to the British Transport Police, effectively ruling out any merger The interim report by the Attorney

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All police forces have specialist departments that deal with certain aspects of policing. Larger forces such as Greater Manchester Police, Strathclyde Police and West Midlands Police have many and varied departments and units such as traffic, firearms, marine, horse, tactical support all named

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In 2017, a report from the Inspectorate found that most police forces were providing a good service, though it noted that some aspects such as investigations and neighbourhood policing were being compromised by "rationing" and cutbacks. A report from the Inspectorate in March 2018 had similar

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Some forces utilise Area Cars in addition to IRVs. Like IRVs, they respond to 999 calls and are manned by officers from response teams. However, officers are trained as 'advanced' drivers – allowing them to drive high-performance vehicles and pursue fleeing vehicles in the tactical phase of a

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Police forces often support each other with large-scale operations, such as those that require specialist skills or expertise and those that require policing levels that the host-forces cannot provide. Referred to as mutual aid, constables loaned from one force to another have the powers and

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Recorded crime rose by almost a third in the three years to 2018, but charges or summons dropped by 26%, and arrests also fell. Neighbourhood policing capacity has fallen on average by at least a fifth since 2010. Neighbourhood policing is important in dealing with terrorism and gang crime,

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were set out in the 'General Instructions' issued to every new police officer in the Metropolitan Police from 1829. The Home Office has suggested this list was more likely to have been authored by Charles Rowan and Richard Mayne, the first and joint Commissioners of the Metropolitan Police.

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The Association of Police and Crime Commissioners sent a letter to Home Secretary Sajid Javid stressing the need for co-operation with European policing and justice organisations after March 2019. The letter stated that 32 measures were used daily including the European Arrest Warrant, the

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phase is delivered after being sworn in. Upon successful completion of both parts of the training programme Special Constables are awarded a certificate of achievement and would be eligible to complete an abbreviated course at the Scottish Police College should they later wish to join the

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they are arrested at a police station after attending voluntarily at the station or accompanying a constable to it, and is detained there or is detained elsewhere in the charge of a constable, except that a person who is at a court after being charged is not in police detention for those

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an unreserved apology in which it exonerated and apologised to those women who had been deceived and stated the methodology had constituted abuse and a "gross violation" with severely harmful effects, as part of a settlement of their cases. In 2016 new cases continued to come to light.

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are seldom brought to justice: no policeman has ever been convicted of murder or manslaughter for a death following police contact, though there have been more than 400 such deaths in the past ten years alone. The IPCC is at best overworked and at worst does not deserve the "I" in its

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have their own police forces, the majority of which use the British model. Because they are not part of the United Kingdom, they are not answerable to the British Government; instead they are organised by and are responsible to their own governments (an exception to this is the

12296: 12136: 1039:. Such officers have the "powers and privileges of a constable" in matters relating to their work. BTP and MDP officers have additional jurisdiction where requested by a constable of another force, in which case they take on that constable's jurisdiction. Upon request from the 206: 201: 4170:

In the year 2012/13 there were 15 deaths in police custody. Nearly half of those who died had known mental health issue and four of those who died had been restrained by police officers. There were 64 deaths by apparent suicide within 48 hours of release from police custody.

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I have always said if other people think we are institutionally racist then we are. It is no good me saying we are not and then saying you must believe me, it's nonsense, if they believe that. I think it is a label but in some sense there is a truth there for some people

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In particular, he has played a hand in fuelling the "two-tier policing" narrative on X. This is a debunked theory spread by far-right actors that argues that U.K. police are lenient on minority groups and immigrants who commit crimes but heavy-handed with white British

4351:. In March 2005 it was reported that minor disciplinary action would be taken against twelve other officers in connection with the programme, but that they would not lose their jobs. In November 2003, allegations were made that some police officers were members of the 1146:, with a range of standard powers, as well as additional powers that can be conferred at the discretion of their chief police officer. Unlike a police constable, a PCSO only has powers when on duty and in uniform, and within the area policed by their respective force. 3453:

unmarked to help officers identity offences and use pre-emptive tactics to stop a suspect fleeing. Additionally, some forces have dedicated road crime units who use high-performance vehicles to primarily focus on organised criminals using the road committing offences.

1477:(properly called Regimental Provost Staff) are non-commissioned officers (NCOs) of a regiment or corps that are responsible for regimental discipline and service law enforcement. They belong to the regiment or corps, in which they enforce discipline, rather than the 12507: 11643: 5890: 4449:

Section 76 of the Counter-Terrorism Act 2008 came into force on 15 February 2009 making it an offence to elicit, attempt to elicit, or publish information "...of a kind likely to be useful to a person committing or preparing an act of terrorism" about: a member of

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Under the Customs Management Act 1979, members of the British Armed Forces may detain people if they believe they have committed an offence under the Customs & Excise acts, and may seize goods if they believe they are liable to forfeiture under the same acts.

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findings; it reported improvement in neighbourhood policing and highlighted issues with response policing. Several current and former chief constables were raising concerns about whether the police can meet foreseeable challenges with current levels of funding.

827:, the first professional police, was established following an Act of Parliament in 1800. The first centrally organised police force in the world was created in Ireland, then a part of the United Kingdom, following the Peace Preservation Act in 1814 for which 798:" is the phrase used to describe this. It expresses that the legitimacy of policing in the eyes of the public is based upon a general consensus of support that follows from transparency about their powers, their integrity in exercising those powers and their 4570:

said: "It's the most serious form of corruption. It is an exploitation of power where the guardian becomes an abuser. What can be worse than a guardian abusing the trust and confidence of an abused person? There can be no greater violation of public trust".

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The police are funded both by central government and by local government. Central government funding is calculated based by a formula, based on several population and socio-economic factors which are used to determine the expected cost of policing the area.

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was disbanded as a series of around 100 criminal cases failed or were subsequently overturned in the West Midlands, after new forensic techniques showed police officers had been tampering with statement evidence to secure convictions, including those of the

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area of policing can be further divided into a myriad of other specialist areas such as fraud. Smaller forces tend to have detectives who deal with a wide range of varied investigations whereas detectives in larger forces can have a very specialist remit.

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This relatively new power came into force in March 2018. Until the introduction of this power, there was an issue whereby a constable in his home jurisdiction could not arrest a person suspected of an offence in another jurisdiction without a warrant.

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From 2005 to 2006, the government considered merging several territorial police forces in England and Wales. The review only concerned policing in outside of Scotland, Northern Ireland and Greater London. Likewise, the major non-territorial forces

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said "(...) after 12 years of massive cuts. We've lost 21,000 experienced officers around the country, many of them in London. Because of City Hall funding we've managed to replace many of them, but clearly, with newer, inexperienced officers."

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Category A: This category also encompasses deaths of those under arrest who are held in temporary police accommodation or have been taken to hospital following arrest. It also includes those who die, following arrest, whilst in a police vehicle.

1411:. Such powers may be granted under local bylaws or acts of parliament. The Community Safety Accreditation Scheme also led to the proliferation of accredited neighbourhood warden schemes (and supporting enforcement functions) employed by several 2745:) are responsible to other government departments, and would not have been affected either. The primary argument for merging forces is that forces with 4,000 or more officers would perform better and could save costs. The view was supported by 3047:

retains all the powers, authority, protection and privileges of his office regardless of his location. Regardless of where they are in the United Kingdom, a constable may arrest under section 41 and may stop and search under section 43 of the

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culture, as the "ultimate example of two-tier policing", and that if the same disorderly behaviour was replicated at football matches or elsewhere it would be banned. Scotland Yard strongly rejected claims of two-tier policing at the event.

1502:(MPS) are the British Army's prison service and specialists in custody and detention. They operate the Military Corrective Training Centre (MCTC) (Colchester, Essex), and the seven regional service custody facilities around the country. 3799:, which is responsible for manning all points of entry into the United Kingdom, would be split from the control of the UKBA and become a separate organisation with direct accountability to ministers and a "law-enforcement ethos". 6210: 4289:(1984–1985) saw thousands of police from various forces deployed to maintain public order and to prevent intimidation of those continuing to work during a national strike by miners, frequently resulting in violent confrontation. 3889:

and the Calais, Dunkerque, and Boulogne ferry terminals. The French police officers, who carry firearms while on duty in France, are not permitted to carry their firearms in the London Terminal; the firearms must be left on the

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in most English police forces, although the equivalent position is referred to as commissioner in the London Metropolitan Police and the City of London Police. Administration of police matters is not generally affected by the

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claiming that either; white working class British people are being treated more harshly than minority groups and immigrants, or that right-wing political groups are being treated more harshly than left-wing political groups.

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If a constable suspects that a person has committed or attempted to commit an offence in their legal jurisdiction, and that person is now in another jurisdiction, the constable may arrest them in that other jurisdiction.

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In very simple terms, this power allows constables of one jurisdiction to travel to another jurisdiction and arrest a person they suspect of committing an offence in their home jurisdiction. For example, constables from

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In simple terms, this power gives a constable of one jurisdiction whilst in another jurisdiction the same power of arrest as a constable of the jurisdiction they are visiting. As a practical example, if constables from

1055:. As a result, they have the full powers of a constable on land owned by the harbour, dock, or port and at any place within one mile of any owned land. There are also forces created by specific legislation, such as the 1043:

of a police force, members of one of the above three forces can be given the full powers of constables in the police area of the requesting force. This was used to supplement police numbers in the areas surrounding the

4644:: "There's a clear difference between effectively blocking streets or roads being closed to burning down libraries, hotels, food banks and attacking places of worship. What we have seen is thuggery, violence, racism." 12484: 9178: 7437: 542: 7540: 892:

The first women police officers were employed during the First World War. Hull and Southampton were two of the first to towns to employ women police, although Grantham was the first to have a warranted policewoman.

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In the year 2013/14 there were 11 deaths in or following police custody. The number of people recorded as having apparently committed suicide within 48 hours of release from police custody was 68, a ten-year high.

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of a territorial police force may designate any person who is employed by the police authority maintaining that force, and is under the direction and control of that chief police officer, as one of the following:

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which is synonymous with the "bobby on the beat" image is frequently worn by male officers in England and Wales (and formerly in Scotland), while the equivalent for female officers is the "bowler" hat. The flat

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has enabled local authorities to take on this role and now very few forces still employ police traffic wardens. These include the Metropolitan Police Service; however, they have combined the role with PCSOs as

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London had a population of nearly one and a half million people in the early 19th century but was policed by only 450 constables and 4,500 night watchmen. The concept of professional policing was taken up by

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in Scotland, shall be taken to the nearest convenient designated police station or to a designated police station in a police area in which the offence is being investigated (England & Wales or Northern

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having one force each. The consultation period on this second batch of mergers started on 11 April 2006, and would have finished on 11 August, with a target of April 2008 for the mergers coming into effect.

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In another post, Musk used the hashtag #twotierKeir, in reference to "two-tier policing". This is a claim often used by the far-right to suggest that police treat certain groups of people in different ways.

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It is of course a vital element of police legitimacy, based on the theory 'policing by consent' that predominates in the UK context, that public protest is policed impartially, and in a politically neutral

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were made against hundreds of police officers in England and Wales. Several forces in England and Wales received 436 allegations of abuse of power for sexual gain against 436 police officers, including 20

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proposing to take forward proposals by the Association of Chief Police Officers (England & Wales) for the establishment of a new 3,000-strong national border police force to work alongside the Agency.

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are over the border in Cumbria on enquiries and come across a burglary in progress they can arrest the suspect on suspicion of burglary using the same arrest powers as a constable of England or Wales.

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The police service is sometimes criticised for incidents that result in deaths due to police firearms usage or in police custody, as well as the lack of competence and impartiality in investigations

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from Northern Ireland is subject to the same necessity tests for arrest (as under Article 26 of the Police and Criminal Evidence (Northern Ireland) Order 1989.) as they would be in Northern Ireland.

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Above all else, an effective authority figure knows trust and accountability are paramount. Hence, Peel's most often quoted principle that "The police are the public and the public are the police."

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You're very much more likely to be stopped and searched if you're a young black man. I can't explain that fully. I can give you reasons but I can't fully explain it. So there is some justification

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Police forces employ staff who perform many functions to assist officers and support the smooth running of their police force. They do not hold the office of constable. In England & Wales, the

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As all police forces are autonomous organisations there is much variation in organisation and nomenclature; however, outlined below are the main strands of policing that makes up police forces:

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in Northern Ireland, the same power of arrest as a constable from Northern Ireland would have under Article 26 of the Police and Criminal Evidence (Northern Ireland) Order 1989 (necessity test).

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in Northern Ireland, the same power of arrest as a constable from Northern Ireland would have under Article 26 of the Police and Criminal Evidence (Northern Ireland) Order 1989 (necessity test).

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to identify and address those individuals considered to pose a threat to VIPs or the Royal Family. They may then be referred to local health services for further assessment and potential

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In March 2015, following the transfer of police oversight powers to the Scottish Government, the Justice Secretary announced proposals to further unify policing in Scotland by merging the

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In the year 2011/12 there were 15 deaths in or following police custody. There were two fatal police shootings and 39 people died from apparent suicide following contact with the police.

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had their own police authority established in 2004. These forces operate across the United Kingdom and their responsibility is to the specific activities they were established to police.

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who are on protection duties in Scotland or Northern Ireland have all the powers and privileges of a constable of the host police force. A constable who is taking a person to or from a

1579:(PCC) who holds the force to account for the public. PCCs do not have operational control of the police force, with operational management of the police force the responsibility of the 11158: 7345: 4628:

accused the police services of two-tier policing after suggesting the riots have been dealt with more harshly than other recent protests. This claim was later denied by Prime Minister

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The Government has effectively admitted the shortcomings of the Agency by making a number of fundamental changes within a year of its commencement. On 1 April 2008 the BIA became the

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six police forces are in special measures because they are failing. They are Cleveland, Greater Manchester police, Gloucestershire. Staffordshire and Wiltshire forces. London mayor,

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Elon Musk has called the prime minister "two-tier Keir" in reference to the conspiracy theory that police are treating white far-right "protesters" more harshly than minority groups.

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and carry weaponry. Tactical/operational support units use larger vans, equipped with windscreen cages and/or reinforced glass, to transport officers into public order situations.

11605: 11204: 1495:, as allowed by the Emergency Laws (Miscellaneous Provisions) Act 1947. A CSO has the powers of arrest under the Police and Criminal Evidence (Northern Ireland) Order 1989 (PACE). 1242:

have powers to stop people or vehicles, arrest and detain people for three hours and enter buildings to keep the peace or search for people who have been kidnapped. Additionally,

823:

In the 18th century, law enforcement and policing were organised by local communities based on watchmen and constables; the government was not directly involved in policing. The

11449: 2914:& Wales or Northern Ireland, a constable may use reasonable force and has specified search powers provided by section 139 of the Criminal Justice and Public Order Act 1994. 1068: 699: 10524: 7619: 9295: 3527: 127: 9186: 7430: 3004:

in England and Wales, the same power of arrest as a constable from England or Wales would have under section 24 of the Police and Criminal Evidence Act 1984 (necessity test).

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in England and Wales, the same power of arrest as a constable from England or Wales would have under section 24 of the Police and Criminal Evidence Act 1984 (necessity test).

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Many acts allow companies or councils to employ constables for a specific purpose. There are ten companies whose employees are sworn in as constables under section 79 of the

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Category B: Where the deceased was otherwise in the hands of the police or death resulted from the actions of a police officer in the purported execution of his duty.

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In the year 2014/15 there were 17 deaths in or following police custody. There was one fatal police shooting and there were 69 apparent suicides following custody.

14593: 9503: 9415: 4187: 1456:(MGS) are an unarmed, civilian, security force that protects Ministry of Defence (MOD) sites and persons. They provide access control, patrols and static guarding. 9990: 9384: 8973: 6459: 2927:

investigating an offence of assault that occurred in their police area could travel over the border into Scotland and arrest the suspect without warrant found in

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reformed this and streamlined it to the two roles above, and gave full discretionary powers to Chief Constables, such that they may assign any powers, other than

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Merger proposals were announced by the Home Secretary in early 2006. They proposed reducing the number of police forces to less than 25, with Wales and several

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In 2013, the 8 territorial police forces in Scotland were merged into a single Scottish police force, named "The Police Service of Scotland", or colloquially

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this can allow for officers wishing to become police officers for 'Recognition of Prior Learning' (RPL) and the transfer of such units to the IPLDP scheme.

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Provost Branch, of the British Army, responsible for maintaining physical and armed security at British Armed Forces locations throughout Great Britain.

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Separate from the proposals raised by the Mayor of London and Metropolitan Police Commissioner was a plan by the government to reform policing in the

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Unlike police in most other developed countries, the vast majority of British police officers do not carry firearms on standard patrol; they carry an

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describe the philosophy that Sir Robert Peel developed to define an ethical police force. The principles traditionally ascribed to Peel state that:

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In 1997/98, 69 people died in police custody or following contact with the police across England and Wales; 26 resulted from deliberate self-harm.

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A constable from one legal jurisdiction has, in the other jurisdictions, the same powers of arrest as a constable of that jurisdiction would have.

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of territorial police forces (and the British Transport Police) can also give limited powers to people not employed by the police authority, under

818: 627: 577: 139: 8201: 8021: 15110: 14538: 9828: 9782: 1098:

Under Article 18 of the Ministry of Housing and Local Government Provisional Order Confirmation (Greater London Parks and Open Spaces) Act 1967,

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have powers similar to those of detention officers and escort officers in England and Wales. Similar powers are available in Northern Ireland.

969:. A person must make a declaration before taking up office as a constable and having any powers; although this is sometimes still known as the 685: 17: 10571: 9874: 5145:

JSPSU are sworn in as Royal Falkland Islands Police reserve constables and thus have civil as well as military policing powers on the islands

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Police Constable Degree Apprenticeship (PCDA), Degree Holder Entry Programme (DHEP) or a pre-join Policing degree course for police constables

2772:. On 12 July 2006, the Home Office confirmed that all the mergers were to be abandoned, with the entire proposal taken back for consultation. 1392:, close lanes of an active motorway, and stop vehicles if they believe them to be unroadworthy for the road and condition they are driving in. 15182: 14828: 14606: 12895: 7879: 7739: 7679: 7337: 5883: 4091: 1337:

have the powers, authority, protection, and privileges of a constable and powers in relation to enforcement of fishing regulations. Scottish

617: 165: 12428: 10020: 7818: 7395:"Have Community Protection Officers (CPOs) Met Expectations?: Managerial opinions of Nottingham City Council's wardens as policing partners" 6430: 6156: 6127: 3476: 1023:

There are many constables who are not members of territorial police forces. The most notable are members of the three forces referred to as

16042: 15513: 15292: 14896: 12661: 10901: 10878: 10200: 9707: 7982: 5878: 5485: 5323: 4589: 4527: 3999:

national measures for combating fraud (the City of London Police is one of the major organisations for combating economic crime). Both the

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The official bodies responsible for the examination and assessment of police forces to ensure their requirements are met as intended are:

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and Fast Track programmes to the rank of Inspector and Superintendent for those with substantial management experience in other sectors.

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The policy under which police officers in England and Wales use firearms has resulted in controversy. Notorious examples include the

2881: 450: 8747: 7566: 7205: 7179: 7153: 7127: 7101: 7075: 7049: 6789: 15453: 15312: 15264: 14327: 12348: 11753: 10753: 10734: 10715: 10696: 10658: 10054: 10024: 9994: 9961: 9264: 9129: 7961:"Keeping Scotland Safe and Strong: A Consultation on Reforming Police and Fire and Rescue Services in Scotland – Research Findings" 5204: 4499: 4498:. These events sparked a debate in the UK about the relationship between the police, media and public, and the independence of the 4359: 4135: 4000: 1983: 939: 527: 10327: 9632: 7253:

https://assets.publishing.service.gov.uk/government/uploads/system/uploads/attachment_data/file/517937/FOI_0863-15_BIOT_police.pdf

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Democrat voters were more likely to disagree with this, and more likely to believe the police were more strict with black people.

4592:. The letter stressed the importance and mutual benefit of continued cooperation between the UK and Europe to face mutual threats 4379:

I think in some ways society is institutionally racist. We see lack of representation in many fields, of which the police are one.

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Police (EUPOL). These are typically training and mentoring posts, but sometimes involve carrying out executive policing duties.

15795: 15369: 15098: 15066: 14906: 14891: 14881: 14706: 14696: 14686: 14659: 13410: 12941: 12864: 12756: 11984: 11409: 7231: 6367:"House of Commons - HC 1456 Home Affairs Committee: Written evidence submitted by the National Black Police Association (NBPA)" 5928: 4467: 4344: 4098: 3772: 2718: 1223: 612: 429: 424: 15488: 13313: 13019: 12900: 12838: 12833: 12807: 12603: 12476: 12121: 10227: 9519: 9348: 9238: 9004: 7917: 6574: 6335: 5873: 5868: 4519: 4471: 4060: 3854: 3682: 3297: 1534: 1255: 1215: 943: 919: 532: 237: 175: 160: 101: 10677: 8135: 8074: 7860: 7661: 7602: 4507: 15355: 15177: 14838: 14811: 14187: 14172: 13951: 13816: 13272: 13044: 12043: 11613: 11593: 11579: 6577:

and Brazier, Corinne and Rice, Steve (2017) A Fair Cop;1917-2017 celebrating 100 years of policewomen in the West Midlands

5902: 5200: 4045: 2959: 2726: 587: 14277: 7466: 6396:

Lentz, Susan A.; Chaires, Robert H. (2007). "The Invention of Peel's Principles: A Study of Policing "Textbook" History".

15528: 15473: 15416: 15335: 15279: 15247: 15081: 14766: 14531: 14478: 14458: 14257: 14081: 13726: 13430: 12613: 11159:"Elon Musk brands Starmer 'two-tier Keir' and asks 'is this Britain or Soviet Union?' over Facebook comment arrest video" 9500: 5089: 4758: 1841: 1219: 1197: 419: 338: 8935: 15503: 15483: 15426: 15391: 15039: 15007: 14971: 14352: 14142: 13966: 13811: 13716: 13287: 13239: 13131: 13126: 12365: 12250: 11936: 10772: 8965: 6455: 5863: 4503: 3371: 3221: 3161: 3096: 2891: 2870: 1538: 1185: 870: 747: 144: 8097:"Police Oracle: Smith Commission recommends greater devolution in policing matters as Federation holds crisis meeting" 2885:

that jurisdiction, and mutual aid. A fifth power of cross jurisdictional arrest was introduced by section 116 of the

15498: 15396: 15051: 15044: 14911: 14876: 14861: 14761: 13981: 12608: 12591: 12531: 12082: 11559: 11356:"Met Police chief Sir Mark Rowley bizarrely grabs journalist's microphone after being quizzed on 'two-tier policing'" 9571: 9411: 9287: 8046: 8007: 6863: 6582: 5945: 5621: 5041: 4898: 3724: 2830: 2761: 2398: 2298: 2188: 1453: 1377: 1368: 923: 562: 328: 48:

are responsible for policing the railway network of Great Britain, as well as certain rapid transit and tram systems.

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established a full-time, professional and centrally-organised police force for the greater London area known as the

15583: 15135: 15093: 15017: 15012: 14916: 14794: 14423: 13346: 13091: 12359: 10076: 9762: 6548: 6366: 4563: 4559: 4487: 4286: 3674: 3664: 3273: 2850:. This created a force of approximately 17,000 police officers, the second largest in the United Kingdom after the 2764:, announced that the contested mergers would be delayed for further discussion. The only merger agreed to was with 2390: 2196: 1557: 1132: 750:. These territorial police forces are responsible for most law enforcement and crime reduction in their respective 537: 454: 333: 10981: 10845: 9854: 4366:, said there was "some justification" in claims that the Metropolitan Police Service is "institutionally racist": 4303:

showed police officers watching pornography while on duty, raising questions of standards within UK police forces.

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Armed police carry various weapons, ranging from semi-automatic carbines to sniper rifles, baton guns (which fire

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Williams, Clifford (2016) A History of Women policing Hampshire and the Isle of Wight 1915-2016 (HCHS;Hampshire)

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has been especially damaging. However, the UK has retained access to DNA, fingerprint, vehicle and flight data.

809:. As of 2022, there were 142,526 police officers in England and Wales, 6,192 of which were firearms authorised. 40: 15593: 15381: 15307: 15202: 15155: 15071: 14991: 14951: 14741: 14524: 14385: 13931: 13796: 13500: 13191: 12802: 12087: 10789: 10451: 9658: 9550: 7935:"Keeping Scotland Safe and Strong: A Consultation on Reforming Police and Fire and Rescue Services in Scotland" 6283: 5477: 4974: 4209: 3886: 3858: 3157: 3021:

Arrest without warrant by a constable in his home jurisdiction for an offence committed in another jurisdiction

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have certain powers of entry and inspection to investigate wildlife offences and licenses relating to wildlife.

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will work closely with the police and other law enforcement agencies to improve border controls and security."

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and elements of the Service (Military) Police. Since 2004, HMICFRS has also had responsibility for examining

3061: 2928: 1576: 1537:. For the purposes of this legislation, "constables" is defined to mean all police officers, irrespective of 1239: 384: 10150: 6763: 4486:. In April 2009, a total of 145 complaints were made following clashes between police and protesters at the 1246:

may close roads. If necessary, they may use force when exercising these powers as long as it is reasonable.

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Four-fifths of people believe police austerity cuts have made Britain's streets less safe, new poll reveals

6012: 5891:

List of law enforcement agencies in the United Kingdom, Crown Dependencies and British Overseas Territories

4696: 4597: 4075: 4052: 3800: 1909: 1585: 1442: 840: 257: 96: 9991:"IPCC publishes annual deaths during or following police contact for 2012/13 – mental health a key factor" 7816: 7677: 4316:" to describe policies and procedures that adversely affect persons from ethnic minority groups after the 4113: 196: 15812: 15790: 15758: 15753: 15735: 15676: 15598: 15588: 15523: 15386: 15350: 15148: 14926: 14565: 14302: 14242: 13936: 13877: 13806: 13781: 13756: 13701: 13696: 13666: 13297: 13282: 13229: 13176: 13171: 13146: 13004: 12854: 12823: 12792: 12691: 12666: 12653: 12583: 12196: 12190: 11693: 10496: 10253: 8721: 8695: 8160: 6612: 5955: 5454: 5304: 5102: 4931: 4830: 4780: 4701: 4585: 4463: 4079: 3686: 3647: 3402: 3398: 3394: 3280:, although some have criticised these as for being a cheap alternative to fully trained police officers. 3235: 3081: 2886: 2826: 1976: 1672: 1464: 1170: 985:). The process is carried out in the presence of a magistrate, and is usually followed by the issue of a 754:. In terms of national government the territorial police forces of England and Wales are overseen by the 668: 637: 399: 277: 247: 13267: 3164:. Since July 2017, it has also become responsible for inspecting Fire & Rescue Services in England. 2960:

Arrest without warrant: offences committed in other jurisdictions (known as reciprocal powers of arrest)

1087: 973:, and the process sometimes referred to as "swearing in", it now takes the form of an "attestation" (in 318: 15872: 15773: 15613: 14436: 14417: 14332: 14016: 13904: 13821: 13776: 13761: 13736: 13721: 13676: 13661: 13600: 13575: 13395: 13201: 13151: 13111: 13064: 13059: 13049: 13034: 13029: 13024: 13009: 12994: 12989: 12979: 12974: 12969: 12964: 12934: 11966: 11961: 11758: 8223: 8193: 8025: 5782: 5468: 4404: 4025: 3878: 3846: 3727:, announced in July 2006 that all British immigration officers would be uniformed. On 1 April 2007 the 3618: 3387: 3383: 3175: 3126: 3069: 2742: 2738: 2015: 1710: 1327:

staff can hold the powers of a customs officer, with widespread powers in relation to customs offences.

1036: 1032: 996: 767: 763: 507: 434: 9409: 7737: 1429: 363: 16008: 15768: 15573: 15546: 15056: 14936: 14488: 14297: 14292: 14262: 13867: 13686: 13681: 13425: 13292: 13234: 13196: 13186: 13166: 13156: 13141: 13136: 13116: 13086: 13054: 13039: 13014: 12950: 12396: 12338: 12244: 12019: 12005: 11748: 11723: 11569: 11004: 5148: 4966: 4617: 4419:. In December 2005, author Lynette Burrows was interviewed by police after expressing her opinion on 4400: 4397: 4324: 4317: 3651: 3251: 3179: 3115: 2710: 1934: 1797: 1484: 966: 602: 252: 91: 9095: 6046: 4274: 3865:

officials). The PAF also operates at Dover Ferry terminals. This arrangement is reciprocated to the

3819:

There are certain instances where police forces of other nations operate in a limited degree in the

3408: 3012:

A British Transport Police public order officer on 'mutual aid', supporting the Metropolitan Police.

863:

Whether the police are effective is not measured on the number of arrests, but on the lack of crime.

15906: 15436: 15076: 14823: 14322: 14317: 14312: 14267: 14247: 14192: 14182: 14132: 14117: 14041: 14036: 13971: 13671: 13656: 13635: 13555: 13505: 13440: 13181: 13106: 13076: 12631: 12541: 12343: 12235: 12159: 12098: 12063: 12056: 12049: 12012: 11956: 11683: 6529:"The Plague of the Blue Locusts: Police Reform and Popular Resistance in Northern England, 1840-57" 5950: 5940: 5912: 5778: 5520: 5193: 4948: 4313: 4193: 4041: 4020: 3988: 3942: 3866: 3516: 3122: 2858: 2734: 2055: 1616: 1028: 759: 736: 522: 459: 439: 389: 45: 10522:

https://www.theiac.org.uk/resourcesnew/filming-in-public/ACPO_Guidance_PhotographsPublicPlaces.pdf

7876: 4923: 3226:

Throughout the United Kingdom, the rank structure of police forces is identical up to the rank of

1492: 16051: 15964: 15785: 15720: 15431: 15088: 14441: 14227: 14107: 13786: 13766: 13751: 13706: 13470: 13385: 12869: 12766: 12561: 12274: 11808: 11773: 11718: 6426: 6152: 6120: 5726: 5343: 4633: 4205: 3606: 3085: 2818: 2765: 2692: 2668: 2587: 2555: 2535: 2499: 2471: 2451: 2431: 2375: 2351: 2279: 2262: 2255: 2169: 2159: 2140: 2112: 2091: 2084: 2060: 2043: 2028: 2008: 1927: 1902: 1850: 1826: 1790: 1773: 1766: 1761: 1742: 1689: 1665: 1637: 1416: 1400: 1310: 1289: 1060: 908: 261: 11511: 10196: 5616: 2902:

Certain warrants can be executed by constables even though they are outside their jurisdiction:

302: 15901: 14966: 14357: 14102: 14031: 13887: 13852: 13842: 13625: 13565: 13535: 13390: 12761: 12626: 12596: 12526: 12436: 12382: 12353: 12328: 12304: 12281: 12223: 11823: 11818: 11803: 9678: 9032: 8855: 5187: 5030: 4998: 4892: 4491: 4363: 4352: 4296: 4201: 3833: 3757: 3747: 3698: 3690: 3485: 3379: 3367: 3277: 3255: 3153: 2781: 2382: 2358: 2326: 2270: 2204: 1499: 1324: 1153:, each with a specific list of discretionary powers that may be awarded by a chief constable: 1150: 1143: 1099: 1076: 1056: 824: 592: 12506: 11589: 11039:"UK–EU law enforcement cooperation post-Brexit: A UK law enforcement practitioner perspective" 9057:

College of Policing - Initial Learning for Special Constabulary (IL4SC) (accessed 4 July 2013)

7678:

Department of the Official Report (Hansard), House of Commons, Westminster (6 February 2006).

3927:

to assist with the supervision of foreign (largely eastern European) truck traffic largely on

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Police Service of Scotland Recruitment Page - Probationer Training) (accessed 17 August 2014)

5845: 5585: 5022: 4994: 4766: 4679: 4675: 4332: 4197: 4037: 3984: 3956: 3756:"...will bring together the work of the Border and Immigration Agency, UK Visas and parts of 3499: 3239: 3065: 2822: 2638: 2274: 2119: 2099: 1921: 1696: 1628: 1478: 1300: 1243: 1072: 1064: 1024: 799: 775: 547: 323: 11038: 9531: 9452: 7986: 7817:

Department of the Official Report (Hansard), House of Commons, Westminster (21 March 2006).

3459: 15916: 15857: 15822: 15710: 15683: 15194: 14464: 14021: 13892: 13872: 13691: 13560: 13530: 13515: 13475: 13339: 12441: 12333: 12322: 11863: 11848: 11833: 11828: 11798: 11713: 10021:"Deaths in or following police custody continue to fall but mental health remains an issue" 7778: 6265: 5790: 5664: 5251: 4844: 4567: 4221: 3882: 3536: 3227: 3149: 3060:

From 22 November 2012, police authorities outside London were replaced by directly elected

2907: 2769: 2594: 2506: 2438: 2414: 2342: 2242: 1749: 1733: 1656: 1568:

which is charged by local governments. The local police force precept can be increased via

1438:

officers have powers to enforce bylaws and parts of the Marine and Coastal Access Act 2009.

1404: 1211: 1112: 1040: 904: 517: 379: 292: 272: 61: 11323:"Watch: Met Police chief grabs journalist's microphone after 'two-tier policing' question" 7562: 7323: 4914: 4265:

Hundreds of people kill themselves within 48 hours of being released from police custody.

1355:

in England and Wales — can enforce court orders and, in some cases, have powers of arrest.

1296:

have the powers, authority, protection, and privileges of a constable when acting as such.

8: 15993: 15911: 15889: 15884: 15867: 15862: 15840: 15730: 15688: 14448: 14212: 14127: 14056: 13862: 13847: 13590: 13585: 12111: 11853: 11793: 11783: 11733: 11688: 10611:"A balance of rights and protections in public order policing: A case study on Rotherham" 9260: 6785: 5987: 5525: 4791: 4771: 4705: 4652: 4640:

called Farage's comments deeply misleading and "simply not relevant right now". She told

4483: 4016: 3992: 3901: 3895: 3715: 3554: 3263: 3247: 3187: 3171: 3077: 3040: 2955:

police station within a sheriffdom in which the offence is being investigated (Scotland).

2851: 2839: 2834: 2722: 2542: 2302: 2216: 2147: 1857: 1644: 1523: 1314: 882: 844: 795: 474: 68: 33: 10750: 10731: 10712: 10693: 10655: 10323: 10107:"Deaths in Police Custody: Statistics for England & Wales, April 1997 to March 1998" 9624: 9084:

Police Service of Scotland - Special Constables Training Page) (accessed 17 August 2014)

4048:. The full merger and abolition of the Royal Parks Constabulary took place in May 2006. 3791:

that exposed significant flaws in the operation of border controls, the Home Secretary,

1527: 1222:, who have been given powers to stop vehicles. This practice has been criticised by the 15988: 15944: 15725: 15703: 15698: 15666: 15578: 14751: 14237: 14232: 13996: 13986: 13460: 13455: 13435: 13400: 12787: 12515: 11904: 11899: 11889: 11858: 11813: 11584: 11554: 9370: 7960: 7934: 5824: 5510: 5445: 5408: 5368: 5322: 5277: 5182: 5119: 4692: 4328: 3928: 3924: 3776: 3049: 2796: 2791: 2753: 2714: 2683: 2582: 2562: 2294: 2286: 2163: 2051: 2047: 1331: 1017: 856: 607: 582: 29: 10477: 8912: 6024:

In England and Wales, these areas rarely follow local government or county boundaries.

5255: 1338: 896:

Since the 1940s, police forces in the United Kingdom have been merged and modernised.

16003: 15949: 15551: 14395: 14177: 14162: 14147: 14112: 14046: 14001: 13857: 12451: 12410: 11788: 11763: 11410:"Notting Hill Carnival is 'ultimate example of two-tier policing', says ex-inspector" 11330: 11270: 11124: 11056: 10943: 10622: 10579: 10261: 9955:"Deaths During or Following Police Contact: Statistics for England and Wales 2011/12" 9725: 9431: 9208: 9179:"Britain to get 3,000-strong border force to fight terrorism and illegal immigration" 9000: 8217: 7895: 7838: 7797: 7759: 7718: 7699: 7019: 6578: 6570: 6540: 6509: 5627: 5502: 5178: 5097: 5071: 5050: 5013: 4990: 4906: 4883: 4775: 4609: 3975: 3610: 3558: 3519: 3345: 3243: 3207:

Female officers in the UK typically wear a bowler cap, as opposed to a peaked cap or

3008: 2654: 2631: 2486: 2407: 2319: 2209: 2176: 2035: 1874: 1470: 1381: 1352: 1160: 974: 716: 7338:"A day in the life of an EA fisheries enforcement officer - Creating a better place" 5142:

Joint Service Police & Security Unit (JSPSU) of British Forces Falkland Islands

4686: 4596:

missing any entries that are in SIS but not Interpol systems. The loss of access to

3148:

for police forces in England and Wales. It also inspects, by invitation, various UK

1407:

for offences such as littering, graffiti or one of the wide-ranging offences in the

1266:

A Border Force cutter, primarily enforcing customs and immigration laws in UK waters

1012: 15998: 15981: 15976: 15959: 15939: 15745: 14598: 14287: 14272: 14217: 14207: 13375: 12310: 12208: 11873: 11708: 11302:"Priti Patel criticises Nigel Farage for comparing far-right riots to BLM protests" 11046: 6760:"Department for Transport - Accountability and Standards of the Port Police Forces" 6409: 6405: 5632: 5446: 5437: 5409: 5400: 5285: 5127: 4420: 3870: 3845:. This includes on Eurostar trains to London, within the international terminal at 3808: 3788: 3735: 3326: 3310: 3208: 3092: 2675: 2650: 1737: 1717: 1412: 1235: 992: 978: 724: 497: 409: 10223: 9352: 9234: 8127: 7914: 5760: 4510:

in November 2009 that aimed to restore Britain's consent-based model of policing.

2917: 2880:

Territorial police constables have certain powers of arrest in another one of the

2749:, who said in September 2005 that the existing structure was "no longer working". 1549:

Every geographic place in the United Kingdom is defined in law as part of certain

348: 15671: 15561: 15252: 15212: 14493: 14347: 14282: 14197: 13605: 13465: 13380: 13370: 13332: 12859: 12556: 11920: 11199: 10820: 10796: 10776: 10757: 10738: 10719: 10700: 10681: 10662: 10528: 10354: 10051:"Annual report on deaths during or following police contact in 2014/15 published" 9904: 9881: 9858: 9835: 9816: 9812: 9789: 9766: 9665: 9557: 9538: 9507: 9488: 8891: 8471: 8452: 8430: 8053: 7921: 7902: 7883: 7864: 7857: 7804: 7785: 7725: 7665: 7658: 7606: 7599: 7259: 5729: 5611: 4659:

responded by grabbing the journalist’s microphone and throwing it to the ground.

4656: 4445:

Counter-Terrorism Act 2008 § Photographs of police officers in public places

4012: 4008: 3938: 3804: 3710: 3482: 3344:. Officers are becoming increasingly trained in the use of and equipped with the 3267: 3259: 3111: 3073: 2966: 2814: 2808: 2713:, called for the number of forces to be reduced to nine in England (one for each 2518: 2370: 2334: 2235: 1917: 1893: 1813: 1580: 1573: 1422: 1396: 1318: 1303:

can be granted the powers of a constable, immigration officer or customs officer.

1124: 918:, to ensure that evidence and interviews were robust, in the introduction of the 914:

Changes took place to tighten police procedures in the 1980s, in response to the

828: 779: 743: 728: 572: 502: 297: 282: 10790:"Critics Assail British Police for Harsh Tactics During the G-20 Summit Meeting" 10165:"Hundreds of people kill themselves after being in police custody, report finds" 8943: 7202:"Justice and Security (Northern Ireland) Act 2007 (c. 6) - Statute Law Database" 7176:"Justice and Security (Northern Ireland) Act 2007 (c. 6) - Statute Law Database" 7150:"Justice and Security (Northern Ireland) Act 2007 (c. 6) - Statute Law Database" 7124:"Justice and Security (Northern Ireland) Act 2007 (c. 6) - Statute Law Database" 7098:"Justice and Security (Northern Ireland) Act 2007 (c. 6) - Statute Law Database" 7072:"Justice and Security (Northern Ireland) Act 2007 (c. 6) - Statute Law Database" 7046:"Justice and Security (Northern Ireland) Act 2007 (c. 6) - Statute Law Database" 6594: 6211:"Police use of firearms statistics, England and Wales: April 2021 to March 2022" 4240:

they have been taken to a police station after being arrested for an offence, or

4232:

There are two defined categories of death in custody issued by the Home Office:

3723:

As part of the wide-ranging review of the Home Office, the then Home Secretary,

3203: 1515: 242: 15284: 15165: 15103: 14664: 14547: 14202: 14137: 13615: 13415: 12683: 11638: 10871:"Hundreds of police officers 'getting away with sexual abuse of crime victims'" 5360: 5268: 5110: 5079: 4825: 4428: 4029: 4015:, stated that they would like to see a single police force in London, with the 3964: 3842: 3820: 3768: 3751: 3670: 3417: 2924: 2903: 2817:. Merging these forces had been first mooted in 2010, and was supported by the 2706: 2570: 2530: 2426: 2314: 2310: 2306: 2228: 2135: 1704: 1680: 1507: 1281: 1181: 1045: 928: 915: 771: 353: 343: 313: 64: 11051: 9075:

Scottish Police College - Probationer Training Page) (accessed 17 August 2014)

1449:, and more limited powers in other circumstances, such as fire investigations. 16071: 15340: 14901: 14799: 14789: 14588: 14583: 14380: 14152: 13956: 13926: 11843: 11838: 11728: 11564: 11334: 11274: 11128: 11060: 10947: 10626: 10583: 10265: 6544: 6513: 5992: 5922: 5541: 5312: 5226: 5165: 5064: 4749: 4671: 4541: 4252:

when suspects are being interviewed by the police but have not been detained;

4140: 4004: 3743: 3363: 2614: 2574: 2526: 2478: 2458: 2422: 2338: 2023: 1999: 1865: 1833: 1729: 1344: 1334: 787: 464: 358: 12919: 10769: 10674: 9898:

Police would struggle to deal with repeat of 2011 riots, says senior officer

9659:

http://researchbriefings.files.parliament.uk/documents/CBP-7279/CBP-7279.pdf

9410:

Department of the Official Report (Hansard), House of Commons, Westminster.

8352:"The Police and Criminal Evidence (Amendment) (Northern Ireland) Order 2007" 7738:

Department of the Official Report (Hansard), House of Commons, Westminster.

4261:

when persons are in police vehicles (other than whilst in police detention).

3568:

Initial Learning for the Special Constabulary (IL4SC) for special constables

1481:

or its equivalent. They are not to be confused with service/military police.

1149:

The policing support officer role was originally as three separate roles in

742:

As of 2021, there were 39 territorial police forces in England, 4 in Wales,

715:

is organised separately in each of the legal systems of the United Kingdom:

15207: 14578: 14428: 13991: 13914: 13495: 13324: 12751: 11894: 11738: 11474:. UK Overseas Territories Foreign & Commonwealth Office. Archived from 11306: 11119: 11088:"The UK's policing and law enforcement capabilities in Europe after Brexit" 10169: 9908: 9885: 9839: 9793: 9783:

Police chiefs warn of fewer officers after Treasury shrinks budgets further

9711: 8895: 6734:"Anti-terrorism, Crime and Security Act 2001 (c.24) - Statute Law Database" 6686:"Anti-terrorism, Crime and Security Act 2001 (c.24) - Statute Law Database" 5773: 5751: 5738: 5603: 5578: 5428: 5391: 5369: 5004: 4979: 4808: 4629: 4625: 4554: 4188:

Police use of firearms in the United Kingdom § Controversial shootings

3874: 3873:, and UK Customs Officers on Paris-bound trains and within the terminal at 3796: 3533: 3442: 2843: 2786: 2550: 2155: 1881: 1684: 1572:. Since 2013, police forces in England (and Wales) have been overseen by a 1556:

In England, Police forces are funded by a combination of sources including

1522: – these are called "every person powers", commonly referred to as a " 1474: 1415:(and sometimes social housing providers) across England and Wales, such as 1306: 1180:

Until 1991, parking enforcement was primarily conducted by police-employed

986: 900: 479: 14516: 12508:

Law enforcement in the Crown Dependencies and British Overseas Territories

4861: 4117:

Children's opinions of their local police in England and Wales in 2012/13.

3575:

A number of alternative programmes exist to join police forces, including

3160:. Inspection services have been provided on a non-statutory basis for the 15693: 15623: 11768: 10837: 9924: 9851: 9759: 5745: 5718: 4989:

Drawn from the three British Armed Forces' service police organisations (

4641: 4637: 4416: 3792: 3780: 3678: 3502: 3465: 3145: 3142:

His Majesty's Inspectorate of Constabulary and Fire & Rescue Services

2522: 2494: 2490: 2067: 1565: 1550: 1000: 970: 836: 755: 751: 444: 404: 394: 52: 10936:"No-deal Brexit poses serious risk to public safety, say police leaders" 10197:"England | Leicestershire | Film shows police 'watching porn'" 6528: 6497: 3955:

UK police officers have often served overseas as part of secondments to

11232:"'Two-tier policing' worries are a non-issue, Sir Keir Starmer insists" 10973: 10324:"Met acknowledges 'some justification' to claims the force is 'racist'" 8161:"The Policing and Crime Act 2017 (Commencement No. 7) Regulations 2018" 5684: 5351: 5234: 4936: 4839: 4523: 4424: 4348: 4148: 4056: 3909: 3576: 3341: 3315: 3191: 2646: 2602: 2578: 2366: 2107: 1991: 1950: 1869: 1785: 1757: 1725: 1569: 1530: 1519: 1389: 1385: 469: 57: 10630: 7985:(Press release). Scottish Government. 8 September 2011. Archived from 7507:"Police and Criminal Evidence Act 1984 (c. 60) - Statute Law Database" 4258:

when persons are stopped and searched or questioned by the police; and

3571:

PCSO National Learning Programme for police community support officers

3428:

have been issued to armed officers as an alternative to deadly force.

15971: 15879: 14453: 11115:"Elon Musk calls PM 'two-tier Keir' over police response to UK riots" 8885:

Record number of UK police forces are failing and need intensive help

5982: 5768: 5217: 5209: 5173: 5084: 5056: 5035: 4879: 4821: 4711: 4621: 4455: 4393: 4293: 3333: 2687: 2514: 2402: 2394: 2184: 2131: 2103: 2003: 1995: 1954: 11263:"England riots: how has 'two-tier policing' myth become widespread?" 6336:"Poor Law Commissioners' Report of 1834 | Online Library of Liberty" 5156: 4502:. In response to the concerns, the Chief Inspector of Constabulary, 3170:(commonly known as HMICS) - this organisation is responsible to the 1399:

have powers of entry relating to inspection of businesses under the

1003:

and armed with a HK7 personal defence weapon taking part in training

15832: 13919: 11163: 10444:"Muslim leader faces police questioning about 'homophobic' remarks" 9385:"International secondments for the Foreign and Commonwealth Office" 9022:

College of Policing: Initial Police Learning (accessed 4 July 2013)

6708:"Ministry of Defence Police Act 1987 (c. 4) - Statute Law Database" 6661:"Ministry of Defence Police Act 1987 (c. 4) - Statute Law Database" 6498:"Urban Policing in Early Victorian England, 1835-86: a reappraisal" 5917: 5803: 5650: 5644: 5597: 5591: 4816: 4799: 4648: 4495: 3932: 3838: 3677:

is a joint police/mental health unit set up in October 2006 by the

3107: 2658: 2622: 2610: 2606: 1970: 1958: 1946: 1897: 1817: 1805: 1632: 1591: 982: 805:

Most police constables in England, Scotland and Wales do not carry

720: 11506: 10350:"Police IT agency signs £122m contract despite doubts over future" 8433:

of the Police and Criminal Evidence (Northern Ireland) Order 1989.

6890:"Police (Northern Ireland) Act 2003 (c. 6) - Statute Law Database" 6364: 6011:

Administration of police matters is not generally affected by the

5973:

List of killings by law enforcement officers in the United Kingdom

4852: 4427:

should not be allowed to adopt children. The following month, Sir

3605:

All initial probationer training in Scotland is undertaken at the

3318:

is worn by officers on mobile patrol and higher-ranking officers.

3001:

in Scotland, the same power of arrest as a constable from Scotland

2979:

in Scotland, the same power of arrest as a constable from Scotland

1119: 15658: 11541: 11037:

Shellaker, Matthew; Tong, Stephen; Swallow, Paul (3 April 2023).

10902:"Hundreds of police in England and Wales accused of sexual abuse" 9708:

Britain's police budgets to lose £700m by 2020, amid rising crime

9351:. TISPOL -- European Traffic Police Network. 2006. Archived from 8474:

of the Police and Criminal Evidence (Northern Ireland) Order 1989

6395: 5907: 5735:

The Honorary Police are unpaid, elected officials of each parish

5709: 5656: 5293:

Pitcairn Islands Police (two constables, one local & one UK)

4869: 4687:

Overseas British Territories and Crown Dependencies Police Forces

3920: 3913: 3739: 3421: 3303: 3039:

privileges of a constable of the host force. Constables from the

2626: 2446: 2250: 2127: 1652: 1624: 1348: 806: 10474:"The Counter-Terrorism Act 2008 (Commencement No. 2) Order 2009" 9875:

Met police chief says cuts will lead to fewer officers in London

8630:"The Police and Criminal Evidence (Northern Ireland) Order 1989" 8600:"The Police and Criminal Evidence (Northern Ireland) Order 1989" 8575:"The Police and Criminal Evidence (Northern Ireland) Order 1989" 4655:

would "end two-tier policing", Metropolitan Police Commissioner

3582: 942:(IPCC) in 2004. On 8 January 2018, the IPCC was replaced by the 15954: 13355: 8047:

A single Scottish police force: paving the way to independence?

6458:. The Institute for the Study of Civil Society. December 2015. 5703: 5672: 5490: 5332: 5259: 5132: 4887: 4875: 4663: 4580: 4226:

From 1990 to July 2012, 950 deaths occurred in police custody.

3468: 3425: 3337: 3231: 3044: 2918:

Arrest without warrant: offences committed in home jurisdiction

2721:

for the creation of a single national police force, similar to

2618: 2466: 2224: 2079: 1962: 1942: 1845: 1821: 1511: 1262: 732: 9829:

Police taking days to respond to 999 calls as budget cuts bite

9569: 8856:"Police Reform and Social Responsibility Act 2011 (Section 1)" 4094:(HMIC) estimates that officer numbers will fall by around 2%. 3132: 758:, although are operationally independent from government. The 15931: 11464: 9261:"Wiltshire police chief Brian Moore 'will be greatly missed'" 7481:"An Overview of the UK's Military Corrective Training Centre" 4588:(SIS) – a database giving alerts about individuals – and the 4482:

Public order policing presents challenges to the approach of

4432: 4392:(PITO) had signed an eight-year £122 m contract to introduce 3306:, type of patrol cars, and other equipment, varies by force. 3250:

ranks as their top ranks whereas other UK police forces have

2662: 1966: 1889: 1809: 1781: 1660: 911:

was set up to handle allegations of malpractice in response.

11195:"How Elon Musk influenced the spread of misinformation on X" 10077:"Datablog: deaths after police contact or in police custody" 5549: 12044:

City of London (Billingsgate, Smithfields and Spitalfields)

10838:"Overstretched police risk becoming 'irrelevant', MPs warn" 9154:(Press release). Home Office. 11 March 2008. Archived from 8241:"section 136, Criminal Justice & Public Order Act 1994" 5678: 4540:

especially in communities where the police are distrusted.

4528:

entered into intimate relationships with a number of people

3754:, Jacqui Smith, announced that the UK Border Agency (UKBA) 2346: 2075: 961:

Powers of the police in the United Kingdom (disambiguation)

9625:"Terror review suggests London police forces should merge" 9600:(Press release). Metropolitan Police Service. 9 May 2006. 6095:"'Britain's FBI' could take over terror fight from police" 5968:

List of British police officers killed in the line of duty

4566:, inspector of constabulary and former chief constable of 4403:

to identify known suspects; a future link to the proposed

3693:. In some cases, they may be detained by police under the 3033: 2729:. The government did not accept the proposal at the time. 1388:. Traffic Officer have powers to direct traffic and place 656:

Police and Criminal Evidence (Northern Ireland) Order 1989

11500: 10293:"Met chief accepts force may be 'institutionally racist'" 10141: 9862: 9852:

Police can take days to respond to 999 calls, says report

9770: 4459: 4396:

identification technology. PITO are also planning to use

4336: 3441:

pursuit. Some drivers may also be trained in skills like

2700: 1533:

enjoy full powers of arrest and search as granted by the

11407:

Sawer, Patrick; Holl-Allen, Genevieve (24 August 2024).

10814:"G20 report lays down the law to police on use of force" 7368:"Sunday Trading Act 1994 (c. 20) - Statute Law Database" 4518:

During 2010 and 2011, it emerged that, while engaged in

4415:

The police have sometimes been accused of infringing on

4343:, shown on 21 October, alleged racism among recruits at 3983:

One of the most common merger proposals is to merge the

3588:

course equates to roughly 3.5 weeks of direct learning.

3064:

or Police, Fire and Crime Commissioners. In London, the

2951:

the offence is being investigated (Northern Ireland), or

2861:'s operations north of the border with Police Scotland. 6968:"Police Reform Act 2002 (c. 30) - Statute Law Database" 6942:"Police Reform Act 2002 (c. 30) - Statute Law Database" 6916:"Police Reform Act 2002 (c. 30) - Statute Law Database" 6838:"Police Reform Act 2002 (c. 30) - Statute Law Database" 6812:"Police Reform Act 2002 (c. 30) - Statute Law Database" 4121: 903:

led to a conviction and resignations in 1977 after the

731:

duties are carried out by those who hold the office of

10572:"Time to reconsider policing by consent? | David Mead" 9760:

Police 'rationing' puts public at risk, warns watchdog

9369:. North Wales Police. 24 November 2006. Archived from 6065:"The National Crime Agency: Does Britain need an FBI?" 3168:

His Majesty's Inspectorate of Constabulary in Scotland

1518:

in Scotland, and in England and Wales if the crime is

1321:, with certain powers of arrest, detention and search. 11440:

10974:"Brexit: Police commissioners concern over 'no deal'" 9501:

London City Police Tap Bankers to Help Fight Takeover

7298:"Serious Organised Crime and Police Act 2005 (c. 15)" 4255:

when persons are actively attempting to evade arrest;

4040:. Since 1872 this had been the responsibility of the 3904:

and the United Kingdom, has the right, alongside the

3276:(PCSOs) were introduced following the passing of the 11036: 9177:

Edwards, Richard; Hope, Christopher (23 June 2008).

9126:"UK Borders Act 2007 (c. 30) - Statute Law Database" 9033:"Policing education qualifications framework (PEQF)" 8966:"Home Office announces £10 million for Taser uplift" 8067:"Police and fire service merger 'would save £1.7bn'" 6680: 6678: 5835: 3961:

Organization for Security and Co-operation in Europe

3946:

forces and to those possessed by the general public.

3941:

of forces present in the UK within the terms of the

3370:

to respond to firearms-related emergency calls. The

3144:(HMICFRS) - this organisation is responsible to the 1092:

Royal Borough of Kensington and Chelsea Parks Police

877:

The police historian Charles Reith explained in his

15645: 9570:Commissioner of the Metropolis (17 February 2003). 8997:

Armed Police, The Police Use of Firearms since 1945

8006:. Scottish Government. 27 June 2012. Archived from 7020:"Politics | Civilian policing 'is half-baked'" 6184:. UK Government Home Office. June 2013. p. 5. 5859:

Police uniforms and equipment in the United Kingdom

4388:At the beginning of 2005 it was announced that the 3831:' or PAF (French Border Police), a division of the 3814: 3811:, was appointed as the first head of the new UKBF. 3658: 3591: 3290:

Police uniforms and equipment in the United Kingdom

11408: 10806: 10291: 10147:"MPA: Publication: Factsheets - Deaths in custody" 7533:"Police funding for England and Wales: user guide" 4788:Civilian. Separate from - but administered by MOD 4712:List of British Overseas Territories Police Forces 4208:in 2005, and the accidental non-fatal shooting of 3424:. All officers also carry a sidearm. Since 2009, 3230:. At higher ranks, structures are distinct within 3052:on suspicion of terrorism (defined by section 40) 1184:. Since the passage of the Road Traffic Act 1991, 633:Anti-Social Behaviour, Crime and Policing Act 2014 10929: 10927: 6994:"29-07-04 Minister launches VOSA's Power to Stop" 6675: 6284:"Sir Robert Peel and the new Metropolitan Police" 3557:defines six curricula for new police constables, 1491:whilst on duty hold similar powers to those of a 794:powers with the implicit consent of the public. " 543:Removal and Disposal of Vehicles Regulations 1986 415:Initial Police Learning and Development Programme 16069: 12886:Health and Safety Executive for Northern Ireland 11442:"International and specialist agencies Archives" 9654: 9652: 9650: 6996:. Vosa.gov.uk. 25 September 2006. Archived from 6639:"Energy Act 2004 (c. 20) - Statute Law Database" 6613:"Railways and Transport Safety Act 2003 (c. 20)" 4603: 4562:and eight staff in the two years to March 2016. 3624: 1611:Police and Crime Commissioner (as of July 2023) 1592:Current United Kingdom Territorial Police Forces 1544: 954: 934:The Police Complaints Board was replaced by the 819:History of law enforcement in the United Kingdom 628:Police Reform and Social Responsibility Act 2011 578:Confiscation of Alcohol (Young Persons) Act 1997 11406: 11113:Elgot, Jessica; Mason, Rowena (6 August 2024). 11086:Drury, Michael; Mair, Caroline (15 July 2021). 10224:"Magazine | My life as a secret policeman" 9755: 9753: 9751: 9701: 7228:"Customs and Excise Management Act 1979 (c. 2)" 6155:. UK Government Home Office. 10 December 2012. 4716:The fourteen British Overseas Territories are: 4548: 4490:. Incidents including the death of 47-year-old 3900:(Irish Police), under an agreement between the 3771:revealed (in a 16-page response to a report by 11644:Law enforcement agencies of the United Kingdom 10924: 6864:"Criminal Justice (Scotland) Act 2003 (asp 7)" 4984:Ten Royal Overseas Police Officers (military) 4477: 4279: 1526:". In England and Wales, the vast majority of 1229: 847:. In March 1839, Sir Edwin Chadwick presented 839:when he became Home Secretary in 1822. Peel's 14532: 13340: 12949: 12935: 12492: 11621: 11527: 11321:Evans, Martin; Barton, Alex (5 August 2024). 11261:Bland, Archie; Dodd, Vikram (6 August 2024). 11032: 11030: 11005:"Policing capabilities lessened after Brexit" 9919: 9917: 9647: 8441: 8439: 5884:List of police firearms in the United Kingdom 4674:detective chief inspector described the 2024 3583:Initial Learning for the Special Constabulary 3076:has responsibility for the governance of the 1447:extensive powers in the event of an emergency 1409:Clean Neighbourhoods and Environment Act 2005 774:services in England, Scotland and Wales. The 693: 618:Clean Neighbourhoods and Environment Act 2005 13354: 12654:Saint Helena, Ascension and Tristan da Cunha 11439: 10865: 10863: 9748: 9436:: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list ( 8455:of the Police and Criminal Evidence Act 1984 8395:"Criminal Justice and Public Order Act 1994" 8302:"Criminal Justice and Public Order Act 1994" 8267:"Criminal Justice and Public Order Act 1994" 7998: 7996: 7843:: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list ( 7764:: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list ( 7704:: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list ( 5879:Police use of firearms in the United Kingdom 5486:South Georgia and the South Sandwich Islands 5324:Saint Helena, Ascension and Tristan da Cunha 4941:No official police force, for the territory 4590:European Criminal Records Information System 4513: 4028:and several major financial institutions in 3919:In 2006 a small number of officers from the 3906:Radiological Protection Institute of Ireland 3358:Police use of firearms in the United Kingdom 3294:Police use of firearms in the United Kingdom 2875: 2717:) and one for Wales. A 2004 proposal by the 1436:Inshore Fisheries and Conservation Authority 938:in 1985, which itself was superseded by the 14546: 11320: 9176: 9093: 6228: 5532:Royal Turks and Caicos Islands Police Force 5286:Pitcairn, Henderson, Ducie and Oeno Islands 4534: 4431:was investigated by police for stating the 4215: 4196:in 1983, the deliberate fatal shootings of 3893: 3133:His Majesty's Inspectorates of Constabulary 1053:Harbours, Docks, and Piers Clauses Act 1847 849:The Royal Commission on Constabulary Forces 623:Serious Organised Crime and Police Act 2005 513:The Functions of Traffic Wardens Order 1970 14539: 14525: 13347: 13333: 12942: 12928: 12499: 12485: 11628: 11614: 11534: 11520: 11112: 11027: 10254:"Police face action after BBC racism film" 9914: 9572:"MPS merger with Royal Parks Constabulary" 9235:"Theresa May to split up UK Border Agency" 9096:"VIP 'stalker' squad set up by government" 8936:"Bobby Helmet FAQ: British Police Helmets" 8436: 7937:. Scottish Government. 15 September 2011. 7915:Scottish police force merger plan outlined 7877:Home Secretary delays police force mergers 6450: 6448: 4390:Police Information Technology Organisation 4376: 4372: 4181: 4151: 4092:His Majesty's Inspectorate of Constabulary 3376:Belfast International Airport Constabulary 3186:As of June 2022 in addition to the london 2942:A person arrested under the above powers: 2848:Police and Fire Reform (Scotland) Act 2012 700: 686: 568:Criminal Justice and Public Order Act 1994 528:Salmon & Freshwater Fisheries Act 1975 11260: 11085: 11050: 10877:. London. 8 December 2016. Archived from 10860: 10441: 9598:"Royal Parks Constabulary merge with MPS" 9285: 8660:"Factsheet 14b - Policing and Crime Bill" 7993: 6485:. London: Oliver & Boyd. p. 140. 5978:List of United Kingdom uniformed services 5625: 5620: 5615: 5610: 5584: 5550:List of forces for the Crown Dependencies 4312:The Macpherson Report coined the phrase " 3362:Every territorial force has a specialist 3088:also have responsibility for governance. 2760:On 20 June 2006 the then Home Secretary, 1016:Ministry of Defence Police (MDP) boat in 748:a single police force in Northern Ireland 67:, featuring standardised blue and yellow 11192: 10899: 10615:European Journal of Current Legal Issues 10251: 10055:Independent Police Complaints Commission 10025:Independent Police Complaints Commission 9995:Independent Police Complaints Commission 9962:Independent Police Complaints Commission 9723: 9316: 8988: 8933: 8155: 8153: 8125: 7463:"MOD (A) Northern Ireland Guard Service" 7392: 6365:The Committee Office, House of Commons. 5802: 5205:Border and Coastguard Agency (Gibraltar) 4500:Independent Police Complaints Commission 4438: 4136:Independent Police Complaints Commission 4112: 4070: 3974: 3714: 3407: 3320: 3283: 3202: 3007: 1984:Hampshire and Isle of Wight Constabulary 1514:if they see a crime being committed: at 1363: 1261: 1218:. A notable example are officers of the 1118: 1086: 1011: 991: 940:Independent Police Complaints Commission 899:Corruption at the Metropolitan Police's 778:(NCA) is primarily tasked with tackling 51: 39: 28: 12734: 12230:Royal Borough of Kensington and Chelsea 12117:Northern Ireland Security Guard Service 11560:Criminal Investigation Department (CID) 11382:"Is there two-tier policing in the UK?" 11002: 10491: 10489: 10487: 9925:"The camera is mightier than the sword" 9724:McKinney, Conor James (29 March 2017). 9319:"Irish Sellafield appeal ruled illegal" 8994: 8545:"Police and Criminal Evidence Act 1984" 8515:"Police and Criminal Evidence Act 1984" 8485:"Police and Criminal Evidence Act 1984" 8389: 8387: 8385: 8383: 8381: 8379: 8377: 8327:"Police and Criminal Evidence Act 1984" 8296: 8294: 8292: 8235: 8233: 8188: 8186: 7963:. Scottish Government. 16 December 2011 7680:"Hansard, 6 February 2006, Column 39WS" 6445: 5300:Law enforcement in the Pitcairn Islands 4275:Police corruption § United_Kingdom 3950: 3837:, is permitted to operate in regard to 3561:and police community support officers: 3034:Other situations (including Mutual Aid) 2997:A constable from Northern Ireland has: 2975:A constable from England or Wales has: 1489:Northern Ireland Security Guard Service 1347:, commonly referred to as "bailiffs" — 14: 16070: 12865:Scottish Environment Protection Agency 12757:Gangmasters and Labour Abuse Authority 10933: 10782: 10413:"Police warn author over gay comments" 10247: 10245: 9520:Review of the British Transport Police 9482:Future of the British Transport Police 9377: 9128:. Statutelaw.gov.uk. 30 October 2007. 9018: 9016: 7411:from the original on 17 September 2017 7274:. Statutelaw.gov.uk. 31 October 1991. 6792:from the original on 23 September 2023 6533:International Review of Social History 6526: 6421: 6419: 6290:from the original on 25 September 2017 6179:"Surveillance Camera Code of Practice" 5925:- Laboratory of the Government Chemist 4468:Government Communications Headquarters 4345:Bruche Police National Training Centre 3779:), that the Home Office would issue a 2897: 2701:Proposed mergers for England and Wales 1216:Community Safety Accreditation Schemes 613:Railways and Transport Safety Act 2003 430:Police Federation for Northern Ireland 425:Police Federation of England and Wales 16078:Law enforcement in the United Kingdom 15644: 14520: 13328: 12923: 12733: 12480: 12122:Canterbury Cathedral Close Constables 11654: 11609: 11515: 11503:- England, Wales and Northern Ireland 11379: 11299: 11281:from the original on 3 September 2024 11229: 11207:from the original on 2 September 2024 11171:from the original on 1 September 2024 11156: 11135:from the original on 3 September 2024 10954:from the original on 3 September 2024 10912:from the original on 3 September 2024 10848:from the original on 3 September 2024 10770:Police 'kettle' tactic feels the heat 10608: 10590:from the original on 3 September 2024 10442:Rozenberg, Joshua (12 January 2006). 10392:from the original on 20 December 2016 10362:from the original on 3 September 2024 10272:from the original on 3 September 2024 10230:from the original on 27 February 2009 10177:from the original on 3 September 2024 10087:from the original on 3 September 2024 9935:from the original on 7 September 2015 9689:from the original on 3 September 2024 9679:"Police funding in England and Wales" 9622: 9463:from the original on 3 September 2024 9298:from the original on 3 September 2024 9267:from the original on 30 November 2017 9241:from the original on 3 September 2024 9132:from the original on 3 September 2024 9106:from the original on 2 September 2011 8927: 8836:from the original on 3 September 2024 8806:from the original on 3 September 2024 8802:. Statutelaw.gov.uk. 4 January 2003. 8780:from the original on 3 September 2024 8754:from the original on 3 September 2024 8676:from the original on 3 September 2024 8640:from the original on 3 September 2024 8610:from the original on 3 September 2024 8555:from the original on 3 September 2024 8525:from the original on 3 September 2024 8495:from the original on 3 September 2024 8405:from the original on 3 September 2024 8362:from the original on 3 September 2024 8277:from the original on 3 September 2024 8247:from the original on 3 September 2024 8204:from the original on 23 December 2017 8150: 7819:"Hansard, 21 March 2006, Column 15WS" 7779:Police forces set to be slashed to 24 7686:from the original on 23 November 2006 7569:from the original on 23 December 2010 7513:from the original on 3 September 2024 7487:from the original on 3 September 2024 7374:from the original on 3 September 2024 7370:. Statutelaw.gov.uk. 26 August 1994. 7278:from the original on 3 September 2024 7208:from the original on 3 September 2024 7182:from the original on 3 September 2024 7156:from the original on 3 September 2024 7130:from the original on 3 September 2024 7104:from the original on 3 September 2024 7078:from the original on 3 September 2024 7052:from the original on 3 September 2024 6974:from the original on 3 September 2024 6948:from the original on 3 September 2024 6922:from the original on 3 September 2024 6896:from the original on 24 December 2012 6870:from the original on 3 September 2024 6786:"Policing and Crime Act 2017 (s. 38)" 6740:from the original on 3 September 2024 6714:from the original on 3 September 2024 6551:from the original on 16 December 2023 6495: 6480: 6346:from the original on 16 December 2023 6316:from the original on 25 February 2018 6242:from the original on 21 February 2018 6191:from the original on 25 December 2017 6126:. North Yorkshire Police Federation. 6121:"Code of Conduct for Police Officers" 5874:Police vehicles in the United Kingdom 5869:Police aviation in the United Kingdom 4520:covert infiltration of protest groups 3923:(Polish Police) were seconded to the 3298:Police vehicles in the United Kingdom 2894:in addition to their natural powers. 1597:Territorial Police Forces of England 1535:Police and Criminal Evidence Act 1984 1510:, every person has limited powers of 1256:British Indian Ocean Territory Police 1206: 1123:Police Community Support Officer and 949: 944:Independent Office for Police Conduct 920:Police and Criminal Evidence Act 1984 713:Law enforcement in the United Kingdom 533:Police and Criminal Evidence Act 1984 11094:from the original on 27 January 2023 10569: 10497:"Counter-Terrorism Act 2008 (c. 28)" 10484: 10410: 10304:from the original on 12 January 2022 10221: 10031:from the original on 18 October 2015 10001:from the original on 18 October 2015 9676: 9635:from the original on 29 October 2016 9578:from the original on 18 October 2015 9491:HoC Transport Committee. 16 May 2006 9450: 9418:from the original on 21 October 2006 9329:from the original on 29 October 2013 9215:from the original on 16 October 2015 8374: 8289: 8230: 8183: 7825:from the original on 21 October 2006 7740:"Hansard, 20 March 2006, Column 6WS" 7443:from the original on 26 January 2021 7348:from the original on 24 January 2021 5903:National Policing Improvement Agency 4903:BPS Includes Bermuda Reserve Police 4840:http://www.gov.ai/police/indexR.html 4410: 4122:Deaths after contact with the police 4046:Royal Parks Operational Command Unit 4019:also absorbing the functions of the 3548: 2833:. After a consultation process, the 2727:Association of Chief Police Officers 1359: 1198:police custody and security officers 1177:, to any police staff or volunteer. 965:Most police officers are members of 588:Criminal Justice and Police Act 2001 11421:from the original on 27 August 2024 11388:from the original on 13 August 2024 11193:Mashishi, Naledi (28 August 2024). 11186: 11106: 11067:from the original on 1 January 2024 11015:from the original on 1 January 2024 10984:from the original on 1 January 2024 10900:Grierson, Jamie (8 December 2016). 10541:"Photography advice | The Met" 10330:from the original on 27 August 2015 10242: 10203:from the original on 3 January 2007 9604:from the original on 4 January 2017 9551:Final fraud Review Report Published 9209:"Ministers float border force plan" 9013: 8866:from the original on 5 October 2011 8171:from the original on 3 January 2019 8128:"Scottish force to police railways" 7026:from the original on 29 August 2008 6429:. UK Government. 10 December 2012. 6416: 6133:from the original on 2 January 2015 5698:Sark does not have a capital city) 5090:Royal Cayman Islands Police Service 4608:"Two-tier policing" is a far-right 3787:Following a major enquiry into the 3543: 2864: 2719:Police Superintendents' Association 1842:Bournemouth, Christchurch and Poole 1220:Driver and Vehicle Standards Agency 1175:powers reserved for constables only 1082: 1007: 339:Police custody and security officer 24: 11937:Police Service of Northern Ireland 11242:from the original on 6 August 2024 11043:Criminology & Criminal Justice 10503:from the original on 17 April 2009 10382:"CCTV could be matched to ID data" 9971:from the original on 22 April 2016 9677:Team, Full Fact (9 January 2018). 8776:. Statutelaw.gov.uk. 27 May 2011. 8728:from the original on 16 April 2009 8702:from the original on 16 April 2009 8103:. 28 November 2014. Archived from 7941:from the original on 23 March 2016 7588:Plea for 10 regional police forces 7304:from the original on 17 April 2009 6844:from the original on 5 August 2012 6818:from the original on 5 August 2012 6619:from the original on 17 April 2009 6433:from the original on 15 March 2018 6159:from the original on 15 March 2018 5864:Police ranks of the United Kingdom 5811: British Overseas Territories 5759: 5750: 5717: 5708: 5683: 5671: 5655: 5643: 5602: 5590: 5509: 5476: 5467: 5436: 5427: 5399: 5390: 5359: 5350: 5311: 5276: 5267: 5225: 5216: 5164: 5155: 5118: 5109: 5070: 5021: 5012: 4965: 4956: 4922: 4913: 4860: 4851: 4807: 4798: 4757: 4748: 4435:view that homosexuality is a sin. 4323:In 2003, ten police officers from 3908:, to carry out inspections of the 3372:Police Service of Northern Ireland 3222:Police ranks of the United Kingdom 3162:Police Service of Northern Ireland 3097:Police Service of Northern Ireland 2871:Police Service of Northern Ireland 1709:No PCC, police responsible to the 1226:who described it as "half-baked". 1191:traffic community support officers 1186:decriminalised parking enforcement 25: 16089: 11655: 11494: 11452:from the original on 20 June 2020 11380:Smith, Matthew (13 August 2024). 11003:Pearson, Jeremy (24 March 2021). 10732:G20 activists want public inquiry 10656:G20 police receive 145 complaints 10551:from the original on 21 June 2020 9736:from the original on 13 July 2017 9574:. Metropolitan Police Authority. 9453:"Battle to merge London's Police" 9412:"Hansard 18 April 2006, Col 328W" 9391:from the original on 13 July 2021 8976:from the original on 17 June 2020 8126:Campbell, Glenn (10 March 2015). 8073:. 17 January 2012. Archived from 8024:. 17 January 2012. Archived from 7983:"Single police and fire services" 7858:Police merger plan given go-ahead 7788:. The Independent. 20 March 2006. 7746:from the original on 15 July 2007 7719:Police mergers outlined by Clarke 7659:Police forces 'no longer working' 7600:Senior police back national force 7543:from the original on 27 July 2023 6866:. Oqps.gov.uk. 31 December 2008. 6663:. Statutelaw.gov.uk. 5 March 1987 6462:from the original on 11 July 2018 6377:from the original on 14 June 2020 6075:from the original on 20 July 2023 6044: 5961: 5946:Violent and Sex Offender Register 5929:National Black Police Association 5626:Includes three distinct types of 5622:States of Guernsey Police Service 5201:His Majesty's Customs (Gibraltar) 5042:Royal Virgin Islands Police Force 4899:Airport Security Police (Bermuda) 4874:North Atlantic Ocean between the 4560:police community support officers 3970: 3274:Police community support officers 3055: 2831:2011 Scottish Parliament election 1454:Ministry of Defence Guard Service 1419:'s Community Protection Officers. 1369:National Highways Traffic Officer 924:West Midlands Serious Crime Squad 744:a single police force in Scotland 563:Environmental Protection Act 1990 329:National Highways traffic officer 14391:Sahrawi Arab Democratic Republic 13426:Democratic Republic of the Congo 11637: 11433: 11400: 11373: 11348: 11314: 11300:Elgot, Jessica (5 August 2024). 11293: 11254: 11223: 11150: 11079: 10996: 10966: 10934:Boffey, Daniel (6 August 2018). 10893: 10830: 10763: 10744: 10725: 10706: 10687: 10668: 10649: 10602: 10570:Mead, David (10 December 2010). 10563: 10533: 10515: 10499:. Opsi.gov.uk. 16 January 2007. 10466: 10435: 10411:Pook, Sally (10 December 2005). 10404: 10374: 10342: 10316: 10284: 10215: 10189: 10157: 10135: 10099: 10069: 10043: 10013: 9983: 9947: 9891: 9868: 9845: 9822: 9799: 9776: 9717: 9670: 9616: 9590: 9563: 9544: 9525: 9513: 9494: 9475: 9444: 9403: 9359: 9349:"Crossing Borders to Save Lives" 9341: 9310: 9279: 9253: 9227: 9201: 9170: 9144: 9118: 9087: 9078: 9069: 9060: 9051: 9025: 8999:. England: Sutton. p. 224. 8958: 8901: 8878: 8848: 8818: 8792: 8766: 8740: 8714: 8688: 8652: 8622: 8592: 8138:from the original on 21 May 2015 5838: 5239:Caribbean, North Atlantic Ocean 5063: 4993:including Royal Marines Police, 4553:In 2016, allegations of serious 4360:Metropolitan Police Commissioner 4001:Metropolitan Police Commissioner 3815:Overseas police forces in the UK 3675:Fixated Threat Assessment Centre 3665:Fixated Threat Assessment Centre 3659:Fixated Threat Assessment Centre 3592:PCSO National Learning Programme 3526: 3509: 3492: 3475: 3458: 3443:Tactical Pursuit and Containment 1275: 1270: 1133:Police community support officer 538:Road Traffic Regulation Act 1984 334:Police community support officer 15647:Countries of the United Kingdom 14747:Countries of the United Kingdom 14369:states with limited recognition 12891:Northern Ireland Prison Service 10751:Police begin G20 tactics review 10713:Police to probe 'woman assault' 10694:G20 police officer is suspended 10675:G20 officer quizzed after death 9623:Beake, Nick (28 October 2016). 9317:Fickling, David (30 May 2006). 8567: 8537: 8507: 8477: 8458: 8417: 8344: 8319: 8259: 8119: 8089: 8059: 8040: 8014: 8004:"Police and fire reform passed" 7975: 7953: 7927: 7908: 7889: 7870: 7851: 7810: 7798:Police forces 'to be cut to 24' 7791: 7772: 7731: 7712: 7671: 7652: 7612: 7593: 7581: 7555: 7525: 7499: 7473: 7455: 7423: 7402:Internet Journal of Criminology 7386: 7360: 7330: 7316: 7290: 7264: 7246: 7220: 7194: 7168: 7142: 7116: 7090: 7064: 7038: 7012: 6986: 6960: 6934: 6908: 6882: 6856: 6830: 6804: 6778: 6752: 6726: 6700: 6653: 6631: 6605: 6587: 6563: 6520: 6489: 6474: 6389: 6358: 6328: 6302: 6276: 6254: 5636:(capital of the whole Bailiwick 5243:Royal Montserrat Police Service 3704: 3101:Northern Ireland Policing Board 2986:A constable from Scotland has: 2747:HM Inspectorate of Constabulary 1294:Northern Ireland Prison Service 1106: 784:Federal Bureau of Investigation 558:Protection of Children Act 1989 553:Road Traffic Offenders Act 1988 324:National Crime Agency (officer) 14742:Counties of the United Kingdom 13802:St. Vincent and the Grenadines 12803:Marine Management Organisation 12604:British Indian Ocean Territory 11230:Lynch, David (5 August 2024). 10222:Daly, Mark (21 October 2003). 9414:. Publications.parliament.uk. 9286:Tagliabue, John (4 May 2001). 9263:. BBC News. 21 February 2012. 9237:. BBC News. 20 February 2012. 9152:"Border Policing Strengthened" 7896:Police mergers still on agenda 7821:. Publications.parliament.uk. 7742:. Publications.parliament.uk. 7682:. Publications.parliament.uk. 7668:. BBC News. 16 September 2005. 7563:"Schedule 1 - Police Act 1996" 6410:10.1016/j.jcrimjus.2006.11.016 6203: 6171: 6145: 6113: 6087: 6057: 6038: 6018: 6005: 4975:British Indian Ocean Territory 4335:were forced to resign after a 3775:, the independent reviewer of 3158:Serious Organised Crime Agency 3062:Police and Crime Commissioners 2882:UK's three legal jurisdictions 2667:No PCC, police responsible to 2234:No PCC, police responsible to 1975:No PCC, police responsible to 1461:Military Provost Guard Service 1427:Animal and Plant Health Agency 1335:fisheries enforcement officers 598:Anti-social Behaviour Act 2003 308:High Court enforcement officer 18:Policing in the United Kingdom 13: 1: 12834:Marine and Fisheries Division 11157:Brown, Faye (6 August 2024). 10143:Metropolitan Police Authority 9726:"Police funding: up or down?" 9451:Muir, Hugh (8 October 2004). 8954:– via The Constabulary. 8748:"section 23, Prison Act 1952" 8722:"section 99, Police Act 1996" 8696:"section 98, Police Act 1996" 8194:"Policing and Crime Act 2017" 8022:"Police and Fire Reform Bill" 7342:environmentagency.blog.gov.uk 7230:. Opsi.gov.uk. Archived from 6483:A New Study of Police History 6456:"Principles of Good Policing" 6031: 5138:Royal Falkland Islands Police 4604:Claims of 'two-tier policing' 4598:European Investigation Orders 4268: 3987:and London operations of the 3857:railway stations, and at the 3795:, announced in 2012 that the 3729:Border and Immigration Agency 3625:Organisation of police forces 3600: 3198: 1577:Police and crime commissioner 1545:Jurisdictions and territories 1069:County of Merseyside Act 1989 1001:chemical protective equipment 955:Territorial police constables 782:and has been compared to the 385:Police and crime commissioner 71:used by all UK police forces. 15514:Universal basic income (UBI) 12829:His Majesty's Prison Service 12798:His Majesty's Prison Service 12684:Former dependent territories 12127:Chester Cathedral Constables 10812:Paul Lewis, Sandra Laville, 10252:Marks, Lisa (4 March 2005). 8995:Waldren, Michael J. (2007). 7728:. BBC News. 6 February 2006. 7431:"IFCA Conduct and Operation" 7272:"section 8, Prison Act 1952" 7022:. BBC News. 27 August 2008. 6762:. Dft.gov.uk. Archived from 6262:"A Short History of Ireland" 6013:Government of Wales Act 2006 5934: 4697:British Overseas Territories 4549:Police sex abuse allegations 4407:has been suggested by some. 3719:A Border Force patrol vessel 3403:authorised firearms officers 3348:as another tactical option. 3068:continued to be overseen by 1910:Gloucestershire Constabulary 1586:Government of Wales Act 2006 1384:to maintain traffic flow on 1286:His Majesty's Prison Service 841:Metropolitan Police Act 1829 400:Neighbourhood policing teams 258:Civilian enforcement officer 7: 15519:Water supply and sanitation 15218:Weapons of mass destruction 15203:His Majesty's Naval Service 13491:Ivory Coast (Côte d'Ivoire) 12855:Health and Safety Executive 12824:Health and Safety Executive 12793:Health and Safety Executive 12557:Honorary Police (volunteer) 12418:Tyne Improvement Commission 12366:Tees and Hartlepool Harbour 11754:Hampshire and Isle of Wight 10609:Grace, Jamie (8 May 2018). 10199:. BBC News. 26 April 2006. 9094:Joanna Bale (27 May 2007). 7886:, Home Office, 20 June 2006 7609:. BBC News. 15 August 2004. 7590:. The Times. 19 March 1981. 7324:"Crime and Courts Act 2013" 6398:Journal of Criminal Justice 5956:Service Police Crime Bureau 5831: 5455:Saint Helena Police Service 4932:British Antarctic Territory 4831:Royal Anguilla Police Force 4781:Sovereign Base Areas Police 4702:Sovereign Base Areas Police 4586:Schengen Information System 4478:Policing of public protests 4464:Secret Intelligence Service 4280:Civil unrest and misconduct 4080:Metropolitan Police Service 4078:is the headquarters of the 3910:Sellafield nuclear facility 3887:Bruxelles-Midi/Brussel-Zuid 3767:Within months of this, the 3687:Metropolitan Police Service 3648:Diplomatic Protection Group 3431: 3399:Specialist Firearms Command 3351: 3325:A mobile police station in 3236:Metropolitan Police Service 2892:certain cross-border powers 2887:Policing and Crime Act 2017 2827:Scottish Conservative Party 2802: 1977:Mayor of Greater Manchester 1673:Cambridgeshire Constabulary 1230:Members of the armed forces 1171:Policing and Crime Act 2017 936:Police Complaints Authority 879:New Study of Police History 871:Nine principles of policing 638:Policing and Crime Act 2017 248:Certified enforcement agent 10: 16094: 15614:Stereotypes of the British 14418:Royal Albanian Gendarmerie 14401:Republic of China (Taiwan) 12951:Law enforcement in Europe 12901:Serious Fraud Office (SFO) 12896:Organised Crime Task Force 12839:Serious Fraud Office (SFO) 12808:Serious Fraud Office (SFO) 12027:Ministry of Civil Aviation 11999:British Airports Authority 11967:Ministry of Defence Police 11962:Civil Nuclear Constabulary 9211:. BBC News. 23 June 2008. 8101:Scottish Police Federation 7807:. BBC News. 20 March 2006. 6527:Storch, Robert D. (1975). 6371:publications.parliament.uk 5783:Isle of Man Airport Police 5743: 5701: 5583: 5507: 5465: 5425: 5388: 5348: 5309: 5265: 5214: 5153: 5107: 5061: 5010: 4954: 4911: 4849: 4796: 4746: 4452:His Majesty's Armed Forces 4442: 4405:National Identity Register 4401:facial recognition systems 4383: 4272: 4219: 4185: 4066: 4026:City of London Corporation 4024:on 16 May 2006, while the 3841:rail services through the 3708: 3662: 3619:Police Service of Scotland 3388:Ministry of Defence Police 3384:Civil Nuclear Constabulary 3355: 3287: 3219: 3176:Police Service of Scotland 3127:Civil Nuclear Constabulary 3070:City of London Corporation 2868: 2806: 2743:Ministry of Defence Police 2739:Civil Nuclear Constabulary 2016:Hertfordshire Constabulary 1711:City of London Corporation 1485:Civilian Security Officers 1240:His Majesty's Armed Forces 1142:PCSOs were created by the 1037:Civil Nuclear Constabulary 1033:Ministry of Defence Police 997:Ministry of Defence Police 958: 816: 812: 768:Civil Nuclear Constabulary 764:Ministry of Defence Police 508:Police (Scotland) Act 1967 435:Scottish Police Federation 16029: 15930: 15831: 15779:First Minister and deputy 15744: 15657: 15653: 15640: 15636: 15537: 15377: 15368: 15326: 15243: 15234: 15193: 15134: 15003: 14999: 14990: 14852: 14780: 14732: 14728: 14719: 14652: 14564: 14555: 14474: 14409: 14368: 14095: 13835: 13644: 13363: 13306: 13258: 13220: 12957: 12878: 12847: 12816: 12780: 12744: 12740: 12729: 12710:indicate defunct agencies 12705: 12682: 12574: 12514: 12474: 12465:indicate defunct agencies 12460: 12427: 12374: 12295: 12259: 12144: 12135: 12073: 12036: 11983: 11979: 11949: 11929: 11913: 11882: 11676: 11669: 11665: 11661: 11650: 11570:Forward Intelligence Team 11550: 11052:10.1177/17488958231162520 10326:. BBC News. 5 June 2015. 7867:. BBC News. 11 April 2006 7784:30 September 2007 at the 7664:17 September 2005 at the 7393:Cashmore, Jordan (2017). 6286:. The National Archives. 6236:"Watchmen and constables" 5896: 5852: 5053:and auxiliary constables 4618:2024 United Kingdom riots 4574: 4514:Police undercover conduct 4325:Greater Manchester Police 4318:death of Stephen Lawrence 4307: 4108: 4059:ordered a review, led by 3652:Counter Terrorism Command 3302:Uniforms, the issuing of 3180:Scottish Police Authority 3116:Scottish Police Authority 2876:Cross-jurisdiction powers 2711:Greater Manchester Police 1935:Greater Manchester Police 1798:Devon and Cornwall Police 1138:Policing support officer. 981:) or a "declaration" (in 967:territorial police forces 831:was largely responsible. 603:Crime and Courts Act 2013 268:Civilian security officer 253:Civil enforcement officer 192:Territorial police forces 15407:Environmental inequality 14449:Polish People's Republic 13411:Central African Republic 12637:Borders & Coastguard 12542:Isle of Man Constabulary 11957:British Transport Police 11542:Specialist units of the 10680:3 September 2024 at the 10450:. London. Archived from 10419:. London. Archived from 9903:3 September 2024 at the 9880:3 September 2024 at the 9857:3 September 2024 at the 9834:3 September 2024 at the 9811:12 November 2018 at the 9788:3 September 2024 at the 9506:3 September 2024 at the 9367:"Polish police officers" 9288:"Cross-channel Policing" 9185:. London. Archived from 8934:Marriott, Steve (1988). 8890:3 September 2024 at the 8470:3 September 2024 at the 8451:3 September 2024 at the 8429:3 September 2024 at the 8200:. Expert Participation. 8056:- The Guardian, 07/09/11 8052:3 September 2024 at the 7882:28 December 2007 at the 7605:3 September 2024 at the 7258:3 September 2024 at the 6051:House of Commons Library 5998: 5951:UK National DNA Database 5941:Police National Computer 5913:Forensic Science Service 5779:Isle of Man Constabulary 5521:Turks and Caicos Islands 5194:Gibraltar Defence Police 4670:Mike Neville, a retired 4535:Capacity to solve crimes 4314:institutionalised racism 4216:Deaths in police custody 4194:Stephen Waldorf shooting 4042:Royal Parks Constabulary 4021:British Transport Police 3989:British Transport Police 3943:Visiting Forces Act 1952 3867:British Transport Police 3859:Cheriton Parc Le Shuttle 3777:UK terrorism legislation 3738:following a merger with 3517:British Transport Police 3262:as their top ranks. All 3215: 3123:British Transport Police 2859:British Transport Police 2775: 2735:British Transport Police 2056:East Riding of Yorkshire 1617:Avon and Somerset Police 1564:" tax levied as part of 1465:Adjutant General's Corps 1443:fire and rescue services 1313:officers hold powers as 1029:British Transport Police 760:British Transport Police 737:territorial police force 523:Misuse of Drugs Act 1971 460:Police Support Volunteer 440:Police Information Point 390:Emergency control centre 46:British Transport Police 14442:Philippine Constabulary 12870:Scottish Prison Service 12767:Immigration Enforcement 12662:Customs and Immigration 12552:Customs and Immigration 11009:UK in a changing Europe 10819:30 October 2020 at the 10795:31 October 2020 at the 10779:BBC News, 16 April 2009 10760:BBC News, 15 April 2009 10722:BBC NEWS, 14 April 2009 10684:BBC News, 17 April 2009 10665:BBC News, 16 April 2009 9556:9 November 2006 at the 9510:Bloomberg 20 March 2006 9487:26 October 2016 at the 7920:20 October 2018 at the 7905:. BBC News 12 July 2006 7724:8 February 2006 at the 6481:Reith, Charles (1956). 5727:States of Jersey Police 5528:, North Atlantic Ocean 5038:, North Atlantic Ocean 4651:journalist whether the 4206:Jean Charles de Menezes 4182:Controversial shootings 4051:In May 2016, following 3979:British police officers 3851:Ebbsfleet International 3607:Scottish Police College 3368:armed response vehicles 2819:Scottish National Party 2766:Lancashire Constabulary 2725:was objected to by the 2669:Mayor of West Yorkshire 2263:Northamptonshire Police 2160:North East Lincolnshire 2092:Lancashire Constabulary 2044:North East Lincolnshire 1774:Derbyshire Constabulary 1762:Westmorland and Furness 1463:(MPGS) are part of the 1417:Nottingham City Council 1401:Sunday Trading Act 1994 1311:Immigration Enforcement 1290:Scottish Prison Service 1100:London Borough Councils 1061:Port of London Act 1968 909:Police Complaints Board 15293:Science and technology 14494:Law enforcement agency 14138:Bosnia and Herzegovina 13000:Bosnia and Herzegovina 12762:HM Revenue and Customs 12609:British Virgin Islands 12437:Royal Air Force Police 12179:Hammersmith and Fulham 11472:"Overseas Territories" 10703:BBC NEWS, 9 April 2009 10527:1 October 2019 at the 8222:: CS1 maint: others ( 8198:www.legislation.gov.uk 8165:www.legislation.gov.uk 6788:. legislation.gov.uk. 5828: 5798: 5764: 5755: 5722: 5713: 5688: 5676: 5660: 5648: 5638:and of Guernsey also) 5607: 5595: 5514: 5481: 5472: 5441: 5432: 5404: 5395: 5364: 5355: 5316: 5281: 5272: 5230: 5221: 5188:Royal Gibraltar Police 5169: 5160: 5123: 5114: 5075: 5031:British Virgin Islands 5026: 5017: 4999:Royal Air Force Police 4970: 4961: 4927: 4918: 4893:Bermuda Police Service 4865: 4856: 4812: 4803: 4762: 4753: 4636:former Home Secretary 4381: 4364:Sir Bernard Hogan-Howe 4353:British National Party 4165: 4128:(in England and Wales 4118: 4082: 4055:, the Mayor of London 3980: 3894: 3879:Coquelles (Le Shuttle) 3758:HM Revenue and Customs 3748:HM Revenue and Customs 3720: 3699:Mental Health Act 1983 3691:involuntary commitment 3621:as a regular officer. 3413: 3412:Armed Police in London 3380:Belfast Harbour Police 3329: 3278:Police Reform Act 2002 3212: 3154:HM Revenue and Customs 3013: 2383:South Yorkshire Police 2359:Nottinghamshire Police 2327:North Yorkshire Police 2271:North Northamptonshire 1500:Military Provost Staff 1372: 1330:In England and Wales, 1325:HM Revenue and Customs 1267: 1157:Investigating officer, 1151:Police Reform Act 2002 1144:Police Reform Act 2002 1128: 1095: 1077:Epping Forest Act 1878 1057:Port of Tilbury Police 1020: 1004: 999:(MDP) officer wearing 825:City of Glasgow Police 593:Police Reform Act 2002 288:Court security officer 72: 49: 37: 15270:Free trade agreements 13571:São Tomé and Príncipe 13431:Republic of the Congo 12772:National Crime Agency 12658:Sovereign Base Areas 12627:RGP (civilian police) 12447:Royal Military Police 12390:Manchester Ship Canal 11993:Belfast International 11544:United Kingdom police 10775:19 April 2009 at the 10756:17 April 2009 at the 10741:BBC News 5 April 2009 10718:16 April 2009 at the 10699:12 April 2009 at the 10661:18 April 2009 at the 10153:on 26 September 2006. 9765:11 April 2018 at the 9664:9 August 2017 at the 9373:on 28 September 2007. 8750:. Statutelaw.gov.uk. 8243:. Statutelaw.gov.uk. 7863:12 April 2006 at the 7803:12 March 2007 at the 7509:. Statutelaw.gov.uk. 7204:. Statutelaw.gov.uk. 7178:. Statutelaw.gov.uk. 7152:. Statutelaw.gov.uk. 7126:. Statutelaw.gov.uk. 7100:. Statutelaw.gov.uk. 7074:. Statutelaw.gov.uk. 7048:. Statutelaw.gov.uk. 6970:. Statutelaw.gov.uk. 6944:. Statutelaw.gov.uk. 6918:. Statutelaw.gov.uk. 6892:. Statutelaw.gov.uk. 6840:. Statutelaw.gov.uk. 6814:. Statutelaw.gov.uk. 6736:. Statutelaw.gov.uk. 6710:. Statutelaw.gov.uk. 6496:Swift, Roger (1988). 6427:"Policing by consent" 6310:"Metropolitan Police" 6153:"Policing by consent" 5846:United Kingdom portal 5806: 5763: 5754: 5721: 5712: 5687: 5675: 5659: 5647: 5606: 5594: 5586:Bailiwick of Guernsey 5513: 5480: 5471: 5440: 5431: 5403: 5394: 5363: 5354: 5315: 5280: 5271: 5258:—de facto capital is 5229: 5220: 5168: 5159: 5122: 5113: 5074: 5025: 5016: 4995:Royal Military Police 4969: 4960: 4926: 4917: 4864: 4855: 4811: 4802: 4767:Akrotiri and Dhekelia 4761: 4752: 4676:Notting Hill Carnival 4439:Photography of police 4368: 4333:Cheshire Constabulary 4146: 4116: 4099:National Audit Office 4074: 3985:City of London Police 3978: 3957:United Nations Police 3855:Ashford International 3829:Police aux Frontières 3718: 3500:West Yorkshire Police 3411: 3397:firearms unit is the 3390:are routinely armed. 3324: 3284:Uniform and equipment 3240:City of London Police 3206: 3150:special police forces 3099:is supervised by the 3066:City of London Police 3011: 2908:warrants of committal 2823:Scottish Labour Party 2709:, Chief Constable of 2639:West Yorkshire Police 2275:West Northamptonshire 2120:Leicestershire Police 2100:Blackburn with Darwen 1922:South Gloucestershire 1697:City of London Police 1629:South Gloucestershire 1479:Royal Military Police 1405:Fixed Penalty Notices 1367: 1301:National Crime Agency 1265: 1244:commissioned officers 1212:Chief police officers 1122: 1090: 1073:Epping Forest Keepers 1065:Mersey Tunnels Police 1025:special police forces 1015: 995: 776:National Crime Agency 650:Statutory instruments 548:Road Traffic Act 1988 262:magistrates' bailiffs 197:Special police forces 171:Uniform and equipment 83:in the United Kingdom 55: 43: 32: 15619:World Heritage Sites 15412:Environmental issues 15116:Female party leaders 14757:Overseas territories 14072:United Arab Emirates 12632:GDP (defence police) 12576:Overseas territories 12562:States Police (paid) 12442:Royal Marines Police 12153:Barking and Dagenham 12083:Cambridge University 11724:Devon & Cornwall 10737:7 April 2009 at the 10173:. 10 December 2016. 9537:20 June 2006 at the 9532:Interim Fraud Review 9387:. 12 December 2016. 8826:"Terrorism Act 2000" 8800:"Terrorism Act 2000" 8774:"Terrorism Act 2000" 7924:- BBC News, 12/01/11 7901:14 July 2006 at the 6266:BBC Northern Ireland 6047:"Policing in the UK" 5817: United Kingdom 5491:South Atlantic Ocean 5333:South Atlantic Ocean 5133:South Atlantic Ocean 5098:Special Constabulary 4568:Staffordshire police 4526:police officers had 4341:The Secret Policeman 4222:UK deaths in custody 4138:after these events. 3951:Overseas secondments 3883:Gare de Lille-Europe 3861:terminal (alongside 3683:Department of Health 3537:Ford Transit Connect 3228:chief superintendent 2842:. The Bill received 2770:Cumbria Constabulary 2595:West Midlands Police 2507:Thames Valley Police 2439:Suffolk Constabulary 2415:Staffordshire Police 2343:Redcar and Cleveland 2243:Norfolk Constabulary 1750:Cumbria Constabulary 1734:Redcar and Cleveland 1657:Central Bedfordshire 1341:have similar powers. 1315:immigration officers 1113:chief police officer 1041:chief police officer 905:Operation Countryman 518:Immigration Act 1971 380:Chief police officer 310:(High Court sheriff) 293:County court bailiff 273:Special constabulary 62:Norfolk Constabulary 14506:Intelligence agency 13812:Trinidad and Tobago 13792:St. Kitts and Nevis 13652:Antigua and Barbuda 13221:States with limited 12735:Non-police agencies 12397:Thames River Police 12375:Rivers & canals 12360:Southampton Harbour 12106:Salisbury Cathedral 12088:Liverpool Cathedral 11580:Police Support Unit 11045:: 174889582311625. 10844:. 25 October 2018. 10827:, 25 November 2009. 10423:on 28 February 2006 10298:The Daily Telegraph 9183:The Daily Telegraph 9037:College of Policing 8909:"Police Reform Act" 8010:on 1 February 2013. 7989:on 2 February 2013. 7326:. 26 February 2021. 6688:. Statutelaw.gov.uk 6641:. Statutelaw.gov.uk 6601:. 16 December 2017. 6595:"Becoming the IOPC" 6340:oll.libertyfund.org 6069:www.telegraph.co.uk 5988:Police Intelligence 5704:Bailiwick of Jersey 5526:Lucayan Archipelago 4838:Civilian. Website: 4792:Episkopi Cantonment 4706:Battenburg markings 4678:, a celebration of 4653:Metropolitan Police 4484:policing by consent 4287:coal miners' strike 4017:Metropolitan Police 3993:Metropolitan Police 3902:Republic of Ireland 3701:prior to referral. 3555:College of Policing 3395:Metropolitan Police 3270:are equal in rank. 3188:Metropolitan Police 3172:Scottish Government 3114:is overseen by the 3078:Metropolitan Police 3041:Metropolitan Police 2898:Arrest with warrant 2852:Metropolitan Police 2840:Scottish Parliament 2835:Scottish Government 2543:Warwickshire Police 2303:Newcastle upon Tyne 2217:Metropolitan Police 2148:Lincolnshire Police 1858:Durham Constabulary 1645:Bedfordshire Police 1598: 1430:wildlife inspectors 1403:and powers to give 883:policing by consent 845:Metropolitan Police 796:Policing by consent 772:specialist policing 475:Policing by consent 319:Immigration officer 69:battenburg markings 56:An example of a UK 34:Metropolitan Police 15313:Telecommunications 15265:Economic geography 15121:Political scandals 14752:Crown Dependencies 13717:Dominican Republic 12788:Environment Agency 12516:Crown Dependencies 12339:Port of Felixstowe 11749:Greater Manchester 11585:Road Policing Unit 11555:Basic Command Unit 10881:on 8 December 2016 10801:The New York Times 9541:LSLO, January 2006 9292:The New York Times 9039:. 16 November 2020 8077:on 20 January 2012 8028:on 13 January 2014 7640:on 11 October 2008 7234:on 11 October 2010 5829: 5825:Crown Dependencies 5765: 5756: 5723: 5714: 5689: 5677: 5661: 5649: 5628:special constables 5608: 5596: 5515: 5482: 5473: 5442: 5433: 5405: 5396: 5365: 5356: 5317: 5282: 5273: 5254:(abandoned due to 5231: 5222: 5183:Continental Europe 5170: 5161: 5124: 5115: 5076: 5051:special constables 5027: 5018: 4971: 4962: 4928: 4919: 4866: 4857: 4813: 4804: 4763: 4754: 4693:Crown Dependencies 4358:In June 2015, the 4329:North Wales Police 4119: 4083: 3981: 3929:European route E22 3925:North Wales Police 3875:Paris Gare du Nord 3847:St Pancras station 3721: 3695:section 136 powers 3559:special constables 3414: 3405:instead of three. 3366:, which maintains 3330: 3213: 3082:Greater Manchester 3050:Terrorism Act 2000 3014: 2797:South Wales Police 2792:North Wales Police 2782:Dyfed–Powys Police 2754:Regions of England 2583:Telford and Wrekin 2563:West Mercia Police 2295:City of Sunderland 2287:Northumbria Police 2164:North Lincolnshire 2052:Kingston upon Hull 2048:North Lincolnshire 1596: 1558:central government 1395:Some employees of 1373: 1353:enforcement agents 1332:Environment Agency 1268: 1259:protective vest. 1207:Accredited persons 1129: 1096: 1021: 1018:Portsmouth Harbour 1005: 950:Powers of officers 907:investigations. A 857:Peelian principles 608:Licensing Act 2003 583:Terrorism Act 2000 449:Police powers in: 364:Wildlife inspector 73: 50: 38: 16065: 16064: 16025: 16024: 16021: 16020: 16017: 16016: 15632: 15631: 15364: 15363: 15230: 15229: 15226: 15225: 15111:Political parties 15035:Foreign relations 14986: 14985: 14982: 14981: 14715: 14714: 14692:Mass surveillance 14670:Foreign relations 14603:Second World War 14514: 14513: 14343:England and Wales 13446:Equatorial Guinea 13358:forces by country 13322: 13321: 12917: 12916: 12913: 12912: 12909: 12908: 12725: 12724: 12721: 12720: 12715: 12714: 12470: 12469: 12452:Royal Navy Police 12344:Port of Liverpool 12291: 12290: 12099:Oxford University 11975: 11974: 11945: 11944: 11684:Avon and Somerset 11603: 11602: 10980:. 7 August 2018. 10545:www.met.police.uk 10480:on 13 April 2009. 10114:homeoffice.gov.uk 9931:. 16 April 2009. 9522:DfT, 20 July 2006 9006:978-0-7509-4637-7 8830:statutelaw.gov.uk 8634:statutelaw.gov.uk 8604:statutelaw.gov.uk 8579:statutelaw.gov.uk 8549:statutelaw.gov.uk 8519:statutelaw.gov.uk 8489:statutelaw.gov.uk 8399:statutelaw.gov.uk 8356:statutelaw.gov.uk 8331:statutelaw.gov.uk 8306:statutelaw.gov.uk 8271:statutelaw.gov.uk 7631:homeoffice.gov.uk 7000:on 8 January 2009 6575:978-0-9568508-1-2 6312:. UK Parliament. 6238:. UK Parliament. 6045:Brown, Jennifer. 5796: 5795: 5569:Title of Monarch 5547: 5546: 5503:King Edward Point 5383: 5179:Iberian Peninsula 4991:Royal Navy Police 4884:Cape Sable Island 4776:Mediterranean Sea 4610:conspiracy theory 4508:a 150-page report 4411:Freedom of speech 4301:Undercover Copper 4299:2006 documentary 4097:According to the 4076:New Scotland Yard 3611:Tulliallan Castle 3549:England and Wales 3486:Mercedes Sprinter 3242:have a series of 3174:and examines the 2698: 2697: 2655:City of Wakefield 2487:Brighton and Hove 2177:Merseyside Police 2036:Humberside Police 1560:and through the " 1471:Regimental police 1413:local authorities 1397:local authorities 1382:National Highways 1360:Non-sworn persons 1299:Employees of the 1238:only, members of 1224:Police Federation 1161:Detention officer 975:England and Wales 717:England and Wales 710: 709: 470:Police 101 number 451:England and Wales 238:Accredited person 16:(Redirected from 16085: 16045: 16038: 15746:Northern Ireland 15655: 15654: 15642: 15641: 15638: 15637: 15375: 15374: 15288: 15241: 15240: 15099:House of Commons 15067:Local government 15001: 15000: 14997: 14996: 14907:Renewable energy 14892:hydroelectricity 14730: 14729: 14726: 14725: 14562: 14561: 14541: 14534: 14527: 14518: 14517: 14353:Northern Ireland 13836:Asia and Oceania 13349: 13342: 13335: 13326: 13325: 13259:Dependencies and 12958:Sovereign states 12944: 12937: 12930: 12921: 12920: 12879:Northern Ireland 12742: 12741: 12731: 12730: 12674:Turks and Caicos 12649:Pitcairn Islands 12619:Falkland Islands 12501: 12494: 12487: 12478: 12477: 12349:Port of Portland 12142: 12141: 11981: 11980: 11930:Northern Ireland 11809:Northamptonshire 11674: 11673: 11667: 11666: 11663: 11662: 11652: 11651: 11642: 11641: 11630: 11623: 11616: 11607: 11606: 11536: 11529: 11522: 11513: 11512: 11488: 11487: 11485: 11483: 11478:on 5 August 2002 11468: 11462: 11461: 11459: 11457: 11437: 11431: 11430: 11428: 11426: 11412: 11404: 11398: 11397: 11395: 11393: 11377: 11371: 11370: 11368: 11366: 11352: 11346: 11345: 11343: 11341: 11318: 11312: 11311: 11297: 11291: 11290: 11288: 11286: 11258: 11252: 11251: 11249: 11247: 11227: 11221: 11220: 11214: 11212: 11190: 11184: 11183: 11178: 11176: 11154: 11148: 11147: 11142: 11140: 11110: 11104: 11103: 11101: 11099: 11083: 11077: 11076: 11074: 11072: 11054: 11034: 11025: 11024: 11022: 11020: 11000: 10994: 10993: 10991: 10989: 10970: 10964: 10963: 10961: 10959: 10931: 10922: 10921: 10919: 10917: 10897: 10891: 10890: 10888: 10886: 10867: 10858: 10857: 10855: 10853: 10834: 10828: 10810: 10804: 10786: 10780: 10767: 10761: 10748: 10742: 10729: 10723: 10710: 10704: 10691: 10685: 10672: 10666: 10653: 10647: 10646: 10640: 10638: 10629:. 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Archived from 10111: 10103: 10097: 10096: 10094: 10092: 10083:. 19 July 2012. 10073: 10067: 10066: 10064: 10062: 10047: 10041: 10040: 10038: 10036: 10027:. 15 July 2014. 10017: 10011: 10010: 10008: 10006: 9997:. 22 July 2013. 9987: 9981: 9980: 9978: 9976: 9970: 9959: 9951: 9945: 9944: 9942: 9940: 9921: 9912: 9895: 9889: 9872: 9866: 9849: 9843: 9826: 9820: 9803: 9797: 9780: 9774: 9757: 9746: 9745: 9743: 9741: 9721: 9715: 9705: 9699: 9698: 9696: 9694: 9674: 9668: 9656: 9645: 9644: 9642: 9640: 9620: 9614: 9613: 9611: 9609: 9594: 9588: 9587: 9585: 9583: 9567: 9561: 9548: 9542: 9529: 9523: 9517: 9511: 9498: 9492: 9479: 9473: 9472: 9470: 9468: 9448: 9442: 9441: 9435: 9427: 9425: 9423: 9407: 9401: 9400: 9398: 9396: 9381: 9375: 9374: 9363: 9357: 9356: 9355:on 18 June 2006. 9345: 9339: 9338: 9336: 9334: 9314: 9308: 9307: 9305: 9303: 9283: 9277: 9276: 9274: 9272: 9257: 9251: 9250: 9248: 9246: 9231: 9225: 9224: 9222: 9220: 9205: 9199: 9198: 9196: 9194: 9174: 9168: 9167: 9165: 9163: 9158:on 27 March 2008 9148: 9142: 9141: 9139: 9137: 9122: 9116: 9115: 9113: 9111: 9091: 9085: 9082: 9076: 9073: 9067: 9064: 9058: 9055: 9049: 9048: 9046: 9044: 9029: 9023: 9020: 9011: 9010: 8992: 8986: 8985: 8983: 8981: 8962: 8956: 8955: 8953: 8951: 8946:on 16 April 2010 8942:. 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Archived from 7459: 7453: 7452: 7450: 7448: 7442: 7435: 7427: 7421: 7420: 7418: 7416: 7410: 7399: 7390: 7384: 7383: 7381: 7379: 7364: 7358: 7357: 7355: 7353: 7334: 7328: 7327: 7320: 7314: 7313: 7311: 7309: 7294: 7288: 7287: 7285: 7283: 7268: 7262: 7250: 7244: 7243: 7241: 7239: 7224: 7218: 7217: 7215: 7213: 7198: 7192: 7191: 7189: 7187: 7172: 7166: 7165: 7163: 7161: 7146: 7140: 7139: 7137: 7135: 7120: 7114: 7113: 7111: 7109: 7094: 7088: 7087: 7085: 7083: 7068: 7062: 7061: 7059: 7057: 7042: 7036: 7035: 7033: 7031: 7016: 7010: 7009: 7007: 7005: 6990: 6984: 6983: 6981: 6979: 6964: 6958: 6957: 6955: 6953: 6938: 6932: 6931: 6929: 6927: 6912: 6906: 6905: 6903: 6901: 6886: 6880: 6879: 6877: 6875: 6860: 6854: 6853: 6851: 6849: 6834: 6828: 6827: 6825: 6823: 6808: 6802: 6801: 6799: 6797: 6782: 6776: 6775: 6773: 6771: 6756: 6750: 6749: 6747: 6745: 6730: 6724: 6723: 6721: 6719: 6704: 6698: 6697: 6695: 6693: 6682: 6673: 6672: 6670: 6668: 6657: 6651: 6650: 6648: 6646: 6635: 6629: 6628: 6626: 6624: 6609: 6603: 6602: 6591: 6585: 6567: 6561: 6560: 6558: 6556: 6524: 6518: 6517: 6508:(238): 211–237. 6493: 6487: 6486: 6478: 6472: 6471: 6469: 6467: 6452: 6443: 6442: 6440: 6438: 6423: 6414: 6413: 6393: 6387: 6386: 6384: 6382: 6362: 6356: 6355: 6353: 6351: 6332: 6326: 6325: 6323: 6321: 6306: 6300: 6299: 6297: 6295: 6280: 6274: 6273: 6272:on 4 March 2012. 6268:. Archived from 6258: 6252: 6251: 6249: 6247: 6232: 6226: 6225: 6223: 6221: 6207: 6201: 6200: 6198: 6196: 6190: 6183: 6175: 6169: 6168: 6166: 6164: 6149: 6143: 6142: 6140: 6138: 6132: 6125: 6117: 6111: 6110: 6108: 6106: 6101:. 1 January 2016 6091: 6085: 6084: 6082: 6080: 6061: 6055: 6054: 6042: 6025: 6022: 6016: 6009: 5848: 5843: 5842: 5841: 5822: 5816: 5810: 5692:The Seigneurie ( 5633:Saint Peter Port 5617:Duke of Normandy 5554: 5553: 5492: 5449: 5447:Tristan da Cunha 5412: 5410:Ascension Island 5381: 5372: 5334: 5329: 5134: 5128:Falkland Islands 5067: 4719: 4718: 4647:When asked by a 4460:Security Service 4421:BBC Radio 5 Live 4378: 4374: 4163: 4153: 4144:stated in 2009: 3899: 3871:UK Border Agency 3834:Police Nationale 3809:Wiltshire Police 3789:UK Border Agency 3736:UK Border Agency 3544:Initial training 3530: 3513: 3496: 3479: 3462: 3327:Northern Ireland 3311:custodian helmet 3268:chief constables 3209:custodian helmet 3093:Northern Ireland 3080:. The mayors of 2865:Northern Ireland 2676:Wiltshire Police 2651:City of Bradford 1738:Stockton-on-Tees 1718:Cleveland Police 1599: 1595: 1574:directly elected 1524:citizen's arrest 1493:Police Constable 1380:are employed by 1378:Traffic Officers 1351:in Scotland and 1319:customs officers 1236:Northern Ireland 1083:Parks Constables 1008:Other constables 979:Northern Ireland 733:police constable 725:Northern Ireland 702: 695: 688: 498:Highway Act 1835 410:Police authority 77: 76: 21: 16093: 16092: 16088: 16087: 16086: 16084: 16083: 16082: 16068: 16067: 16066: 16061: 16048: 16041: 16034: 16013: 15926: 15827: 15740: 15649: 15628: 15533: 15489:Public holidays 15469:Life expectancy 15360: 15322: 15302:London Exchange 15298:Stock exchanges 15286: 15285:Pound sterling 15253:Bank of England 15222: 15213:Royal Air Force 15189: 15130: 15062:Law enforcement 14978: 14887:hydraulic frac. 14848: 14829:Lakes and lochs 14776: 14772:Former colonies 14711: 14707:Women's history 14682:Law enforcement 14648: 14594:First World War 14551: 14545: 14515: 14510: 14470: 14405: 14386:Northern Cyprus 14364: 14263:North Macedonia 14091: 13873:Burma (Myanmar) 13831: 13640: 13359: 13353: 13323: 13318: 13302: 13260: 13254: 13240:Northern Cyprus 13222: 13216: 13132:North Macedonia 12953: 12948: 12918: 12905: 12874: 12860:Marine Scotland 12843: 12812: 12776: 12736: 12717: 12716: 12711: 12701: 12678: 12570: 12510: 12505: 12466: 12456: 12423: 12383:Lee Conservancy 12370: 12354:Port of Tilbury 12329:Port of Bristol 12305:Belfast Harbour 12287: 12255: 12185:Hampstead Heath 12131: 12069: 12032: 11971: 11941: 11925: 11921:Police Scotland 11909: 11878: 11824:South Yorkshire 11819:Nottinghamshire 11804:North Yorkshire 11744:Gloucestershire 11657: 11646: 11636: 11634: 11604: 11599: 11546: 11540: 11507:Police Scotland 11497: 11492: 11491: 11481: 11479: 11470: 11469: 11465: 11455: 11453: 11438: 11434: 11424: 11422: 11405: 11401: 11391: 11389: 11378: 11374: 11364: 11362: 11354: 11353: 11349: 11339: 11337: 11319: 11315: 11298: 11294: 11284: 11282: 11259: 11255: 11245: 11243: 11236:The Independent 11228: 11224: 11210: 11208: 11200:Logically Facts 11191: 11187: 11174: 11172: 11155: 11151: 11138: 11136: 11111: 11107: 11097: 11095: 11084: 11080: 11070: 11068: 11035: 11028: 11018: 11016: 11001: 10997: 10987: 10985: 10972: 10971: 10967: 10957: 10955: 10932: 10925: 10915: 10913: 10898: 10894: 10884: 10882: 10869: 10868: 10861: 10851: 10849: 10836: 10835: 10831: 10821:Wayback Machine 10811: 10807: 10797:Wayback Machine 10787: 10783: 10777:Wayback Machine 10768: 10764: 10758:Wayback Machine 10749: 10745: 10739:Wayback Machine 10730: 10726: 10720:Wayback Machine 10711: 10707: 10701:Wayback Machine 10692: 10688: 10682:Wayback Machine 10673: 10669: 10663:Wayback Machine 10654: 10650: 10636: 10634: 10633:on 13 July 2020 10607: 10603: 10593: 10591: 10568: 10564: 10554: 10552: 10539: 10538: 10534: 10529:Wayback Machine 10520: 10516: 10506: 10504: 10495: 10494: 10485: 10472: 10471: 10467: 10457: 10455: 10454:on 21 July 2006 10440: 10436: 10426: 10424: 10409: 10405: 10395: 10393: 10386:Computer Weekly 10380: 10379: 10375: 10365: 10363: 10355:Computer Weekly 10348: 10347: 10343: 10333: 10331: 10322: 10321: 10317: 10307: 10305: 10300:. 5 June 2015. 10290: 10289: 10285: 10275: 10273: 10250: 10243: 10233: 10231: 10220: 10216: 10206: 10204: 10195: 10194: 10190: 10180: 10178: 10163: 10162: 10158: 10140: 10136: 10126: 10124: 10123:on 15 July 2006 10120: 10109: 10105: 10104: 10100: 10090: 10088: 10075: 10074: 10070: 10060: 10058: 10049: 10048: 10044: 10034: 10032: 10019: 10018: 10014: 10004: 10002: 9989: 9988: 9984: 9974: 9972: 9968: 9957: 9953: 9952: 9948: 9938: 9936: 9923: 9922: 9915: 9905:Wayback Machine 9896: 9892: 9882:Wayback Machine 9873: 9869: 9859:Wayback Machine 9850: 9846: 9836:Wayback Machine 9827: 9823: 9817:The Independent 9813:Wayback Machine 9804: 9800: 9790:Wayback Machine 9781: 9777: 9767:Wayback Machine 9758: 9749: 9739: 9737: 9722: 9718: 9706: 9702: 9692: 9690: 9675: 9671: 9666:Wayback Machine 9657: 9648: 9638: 9636: 9621: 9617: 9607: 9605: 9596: 9595: 9591: 9581: 9579: 9568: 9564: 9560:LSLO, July 2006 9558:Wayback Machine 9549: 9545: 9539:Wayback Machine 9530: 9526: 9518: 9514: 9508:Wayback Machine 9499: 9495: 9489:Wayback Machine 9480: 9476: 9466: 9464: 9449: 9445: 9429: 9428: 9421: 9419: 9408: 9404: 9394: 9392: 9383: 9382: 9378: 9365: 9364: 9360: 9347: 9346: 9342: 9332: 9330: 9315: 9311: 9301: 9299: 9284: 9280: 9270: 9268: 9259: 9258: 9254: 9244: 9242: 9233: 9232: 9228: 9218: 9216: 9207: 9206: 9202: 9192: 9190: 9189:on 25 June 2008 9175: 9171: 9161: 9159: 9150: 9149: 9145: 9135: 9133: 9124: 9123: 9119: 9109: 9107: 9092: 9088: 9083: 9079: 9074: 9070: 9065: 9061: 9056: 9052: 9042: 9040: 9031: 9030: 9026: 9021: 9014: 9007: 8993: 8989: 8979: 8977: 8964: 8963: 8959: 8949: 8947: 8932: 8928: 8918: 8916: 8915:on 1 March 2005 8907: 8906: 8902: 8892:Wayback Machine 8883: 8879: 8869: 8867: 8854: 8853: 8849: 8839: 8837: 8824: 8823: 8819: 8809: 8807: 8798: 8797: 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Opsi.gov.uk. 8720: 8719: 8715: 8705: 8703: 8698:. Opsi.gov.uk. 8694: 8693: 8689: 8679: 8677: 8673: 8662: 8658: 8657: 8653: 8643: 8641: 8628: 8627: 8623: 8613: 8611: 8598: 8597: 8593: 8583: 8581: 8573: 8572: 8568: 8558: 8556: 8543: 8542: 8538: 8528: 8526: 8513: 8512: 8508: 8498: 8496: 8483: 8482: 8478: 8472:Wayback Machine 8463: 8459: 8453:Wayback Machine 8444: 8437: 8431:Wayback Machine 8422: 8418: 8408: 8406: 8393: 8392: 8375: 8365: 8363: 8350: 8349: 8345: 8335: 8333: 8325: 8324: 8320: 8310: 8308: 8300: 8299: 8290: 8280: 8278: 8265: 8264: 8260: 8250: 8248: 8239: 8238: 8231: 8215: 8214: 8207: 8205: 8192: 8191: 8184: 8174: 8172: 8159: 8158: 8151: 8141: 8139: 8124: 8120: 8110: 8108: 8095: 8094: 8090: 8080: 8078: 8065: 8064: 8060: 8054:Wayback Machine 8045: 8041: 8031: 8029: 8020: 8019: 8015: 8002: 8001: 7994: 7981: 7980: 7976: 7966: 7964: 7959: 7958: 7954: 7944: 7942: 7933: 7932: 7928: 7922:Wayback Machine 7913: 7909: 7903:Wayback Machine 7894: 7890: 7884:Wayback Machine 7875: 7871: 7865:Wayback Machine 7856: 7852: 7836: 7835: 7828: 7826: 7815: 7811: 7805:Wayback Machine 7796: 7792: 7786:Wayback Machine 7777: 7773: 7757: 7756: 7749: 7747: 7736: 7732: 7726:Wayback Machine 7717: 7713: 7697: 7696: 7689: 7687: 7676: 7672: 7666:Wayback Machine 7657: 7653: 7643: 7641: 7637: 7626: 7622:Closing the Gap 7618: 7617: 7613: 7607:Wayback Machine 7598: 7594: 7586: 7582: 7572: 7570: 7561: 7560: 7556: 7546: 7544: 7531: 7530: 7526: 7516: 7514: 7505: 7504: 7500: 7490: 7488: 7483:. 17 May 2018. 7479: 7478: 7474: 7469:on 15 May 2006. 7461: 7460: 7456: 7446: 7444: 7440: 7433: 7429: 7428: 7424: 7414: 7412: 7408: 7397: 7391: 7387: 7377: 7375: 7366: 7365: 7361: 7351: 7349: 7336: 7335: 7331: 7322: 7321: 7317: 7307: 7305: 7300:. Opsi.gov.uk. 7296: 7295: 7291: 7281: 7279: 7270: 7269: 7265: 7260:Wayback Machine 7251: 7247: 7237: 7235: 7226: 7225: 7221: 7211: 7209: 7200: 7199: 7195: 7185: 7183: 7174: 7173: 7169: 7159: 7157: 7148: 7147: 7143: 7133: 7131: 7122: 7121: 7117: 7107: 7105: 7096: 7095: 7091: 7081: 7079: 7070: 7069: 7065: 7055: 7053: 7044: 7043: 7039: 7029: 7027: 7018: 7017: 7013: 7003: 7001: 6992: 6991: 6987: 6977: 6975: 6966: 6965: 6961: 6951: 6949: 6940: 6939: 6935: 6925: 6923: 6914: 6913: 6909: 6899: 6897: 6888: 6887: 6883: 6873: 6871: 6862: 6861: 6857: 6847: 6845: 6836: 6835: 6831: 6821: 6819: 6810: 6809: 6805: 6795: 6793: 6784: 6783: 6779: 6769: 6767: 6758: 6757: 6753: 6743: 6741: 6732: 6731: 6727: 6717: 6715: 6706: 6705: 6701: 6691: 6689: 6684: 6683: 6676: 6666: 6664: 6659: 6658: 6654: 6644: 6642: 6637: 6636: 6632: 6622: 6620: 6615:. Opsi.gov.uk. 6611: 6610: 6606: 6593: 6592: 6588: 6568: 6564: 6554: 6552: 6525: 6521: 6494: 6490: 6479: 6475: 6465: 6463: 6454: 6453: 6446: 6436: 6434: 6425: 6424: 6417: 6394: 6390: 6380: 6378: 6363: 6359: 6349: 6347: 6334: 6333: 6329: 6319: 6317: 6308: 6307: 6303: 6293: 6291: 6282: 6281: 6277: 6260: 6259: 6255: 6245: 6243: 6234: 6233: 6229: 6219: 6217: 6209: 6208: 6204: 6194: 6192: 6188: 6181: 6177: 6176: 6172: 6162: 6160: 6151: 6150: 6146: 6136: 6134: 6130: 6123: 6119: 6118: 6114: 6104: 6102: 6099:The Independent 6093: 6092: 6088: 6078: 6076: 6063: 6062: 6058: 6043: 6039: 6034: 6029: 6028: 6023: 6019: 6010: 6006: 6001: 5964: 5937: 5899: 5855: 5844: 5839: 5837: 5834: 5827: 5820: 5818: 5814: 5812: 5808: 5801: 5730:Honorary Police 5697: 5637: 5635: 5612:English Channel 5552: 5538:Formed in 1799 5327: 4714: 4689: 4657:Sir Mark Rowley 4606: 4577: 4564:Mike Cunningham 4551: 4537: 4516: 4480: 4447: 4441: 4413: 4386: 4310: 4282: 4277: 4271: 4224: 4218: 4190: 4184: 4164: 4159: 4124: 4111: 4069: 4013:Ken Livingstone 3973: 3953: 3939:Military Police 3817: 3805:Chief Constable 3760:at the border, 3713: 3711:UK Border Force 3707: 3667: 3661: 3627: 3603: 3594: 3585: 3551: 3546: 3539: 3531: 3522: 3520:Vauxhall Vivaro 3514: 3505: 3497: 3488: 3483:Police Scotland 3480: 3471: 3463: 3434: 3360: 3354: 3300: 3288:Main articles: 3286: 3260:chief constable 3224: 3218: 3201: 3135: 3112:Police Scotland 3074:Mayor of London 3058: 3036: 3023: 2967:Police Scotland 2962: 2920: 2904:arrest warrants 2900: 2878: 2873: 2867: 2815:Police Scotland 2811: 2809:Police Scotland 2805: 2778: 2703: 2519:Buckinghamshire 2371:Nottinghamshire 2335:North Yorkshire 2236:Mayor of London 1918:Gloucestershire 1894:Southend-on-Sea 1814:Isles of Scilly 1594: 1581:chief constable 1547: 1423:Natural England 1362: 1282:Prison officers 1278: 1273: 1232: 1209: 1203: 1182:traffic wardens 1165:Escort officer. 1125:UK Border Force 1109: 1085: 1048:at Gleneagles. 1010: 963: 957: 952: 922:. In 1989, the 837:Sir Robert Peel 829:Sir Robert Peel 821: 815: 780:organised crime 766:(MDP), and the 729:law enforcement 706: 661: 660: 651: 643: 642: 573:Police Act 1996 503:Police Act 1964 493: 485: 484: 375: 314:Traffic officer 303:Customs officer 298:Custody officer 283:Chief constable 184:Types of agency 82: 81:Law enforcement 23: 22: 15: 12: 11: 5: 16091: 16081: 16080: 16063: 16062: 16060: 16059: 16054: 16047: 16046: 16039: 16031: 16030: 16027: 16026: 16023: 16022: 16019: 16018: 16015: 16014: 16012: 16011: 16006: 16001: 15996: 15991: 15986: 15985: 15984: 15974: 15969: 15968: 15967: 15965:First Minister 15962: 15957: 15947: 15942: 15936: 15934: 15928: 15927: 15925: 15924: 15919: 15914: 15909: 15904: 15899: 15894: 15893: 15892: 15882: 15877: 15876: 15875: 15873:First Minister 15870: 15865: 15855: 15850: 15849: 15848: 15837: 15835: 15829: 15828: 15826: 15825: 15820: 15815: 15810: 15805: 15800: 15799: 15798: 15788: 15783: 15782: 15781: 15776: 15771: 15761: 15756: 15750: 15748: 15742: 15741: 15739: 15738: 15733: 15728: 15723: 15718: 15713: 15708: 15707: 15706: 15696: 15691: 15686: 15681: 15680: 15679: 15674: 15663: 15661: 15651: 15650: 15634: 15633: 15630: 15629: 15627: 15626: 15621: 15616: 15611: 15606: 15601: 15596: 15591: 15586: 15581: 15576: 15571: 15570: 15569: 15559: 15554: 15549: 15543: 15541: 15535: 15534: 15532: 15531: 15526: 15521: 15516: 15511: 15506: 15501: 15496: 15491: 15486: 15481: 15476: 15471: 15466: 15461: 15456: 15451: 15446: 15441: 15440: 15439: 15434: 15424: 15419: 15414: 15409: 15404: 15399: 15394: 15389: 15384: 15378: 15372: 15366: 15365: 15362: 15361: 15359: 15358: 15356:Rail transport 15353: 15348: 15343: 15338: 15332: 15330: 15324: 15323: 15321: 15320: 15315: 15310: 15305: 15295: 15290: 15282: 15277: 15272: 15267: 15262: 15257: 15256: 15255: 15244: 15238: 15232: 15231: 15228: 15227: 15224: 15223: 15221: 15220: 15215: 15210: 15205: 15199: 15197: 15191: 15190: 15188: 15187: 15186: 15185: 15178:Prime Minister 15175: 15174: 15173: 15163: 15158: 15153: 15152: 15151: 15140: 15138: 15132: 15131: 15129: 15128: 15126:Shadow Cabinet 15123: 15118: 15113: 15108: 15107: 15106: 15104:House of Lords 15101: 15091: 15086: 15085: 15084: 15079: 15069: 15064: 15059: 15054: 15049: 15048: 15047: 15037: 15032: 15031: 15030: 15020: 15015: 15010: 15004: 14994: 14988: 14987: 14984: 14983: 14980: 14979: 14977: 14976: 14975: 14974: 14969: 14961: 14960: 14959: 14954: 14946: 14941: 14940: 14939: 14934: 14929: 14921: 14920: 14919: 14914: 14909: 14904: 14899: 14894: 14889: 14884: 14879: 14874: 14864: 14858: 14856: 14850: 14849: 14847: 14846: 14841: 14836: 14831: 14826: 14821: 14816: 14815: 14814: 14804: 14803: 14802: 14797: 14786: 14784: 14778: 14777: 14775: 14774: 14769: 14764: 14759: 14754: 14749: 14744: 14738: 14736: 14734:Administrative 14723: 14717: 14716: 14713: 14712: 14710: 14709: 14704: 14699: 14694: 14689: 14684: 14679: 14678: 14677: 14667: 14662: 14656: 14654: 14650: 14649: 14647: 14646: 14645: 14644: 14639: 14631: 14630: 14629: 14624: 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13378: 13373: 13367: 13365: 13361: 13360: 13352: 13351: 13344: 13337: 13329: 13320: 13319: 13317: 13316: 13314:European Union 13310: 13308: 13307:Other entities 13304: 13303: 13301: 13300: 13295: 13290: 13285: 13280: 13275: 13270: 13264: 13262: 13261:other entities 13256: 13255: 13253: 13252: 13247: 13242: 13237: 13232: 13226: 13224: 13218: 13217: 13215: 13214: 13209: 13207:United Kingdom 13204: 13199: 13194: 13189: 13184: 13179: 13174: 13169: 13164: 13159: 13154: 13149: 13144: 13139: 13134: 13129: 13124: 13119: 13114: 13109: 13104: 13099: 13094: 13089: 13084: 13079: 13074: 13072: 13067: 13062: 13057: 13052: 13047: 13042: 13037: 13032: 13027: 13022: 13020:Czech Republic 13017: 13012: 13007: 13002: 12997: 12992: 12987: 12982: 12977: 12972: 12967: 12961: 12959: 12955: 12954: 12947: 12946: 12939: 12932: 12924: 12915: 12914: 12911: 12910: 12907: 12906: 12904: 12903: 12898: 12893: 12888: 12882: 12880: 12876: 12875: 12873: 12872: 12867: 12862: 12857: 12851: 12849: 12845: 12844: 12842: 12841: 12836: 12831: 12826: 12820: 12818: 12814: 12813: 12811: 12810: 12805: 12800: 12795: 12790: 12784: 12782: 12778: 12777: 12775: 12774: 12769: 12764: 12759: 12754: 12748: 12746: 12738: 12737: 12727: 12726: 12723: 12722: 12719: 12718: 12713: 12712: 12706: 12703: 12702: 12700: 12699: 12694: 12688: 12686: 12680: 12679: 12677: 12676: 12671: 12670: 12669: 12664: 12656: 12651: 12646: 12641: 12640: 12639: 12634: 12629: 12621: 12616: 12614:Cayman Islands 12611: 12606: 12601: 12600: 12599: 12594: 12592:Airport Police 12586: 12580: 12578: 12572: 12571: 12569: 12568: 12566: 12565: 12564: 12559: 12554: 12546: 12545: 12544: 12536: 12535: 12534: 12529: 12520: 12518: 12512: 12511: 12504: 12503: 12496: 12489: 12481: 12475: 12472: 12471: 12468: 12467: 12461: 12458: 12457: 12455: 12454: 12449: 12444: 12439: 12433: 12431: 12429:Service police 12425: 12424: 12422: 12421: 12414: 12407: 12400: 12393: 12386: 12378: 12376: 12372: 12371: 12369: 12368: 12363: 12356: 12351: 12346: 12341: 12336: 12331: 12326: 12319: 12317:Falmouth Docks 12314: 12307: 12301: 12299: 12293: 12292: 12289: 12288: 12286: 12285: 12278: 12271: 12263: 12261: 12257: 12256: 12254: 12253: 12248: 12241: 12239: 12232: 12227: 12220: 12213: 12211: 12206: 12199: 12194: 12187: 12182: 12175: 12168: 12163: 12156: 12148: 12146: 12139: 12133: 12132: 12130: 12129: 12124: 12119: 12114: 12109: 12102: 12095: 12093:Mersey Tunnels 12090: 12085: 12079: 12077: 12071: 12070: 12068: 12067: 12060: 12053: 12046: 12040: 12038: 12034: 12033: 12031: 12030: 12023: 12016: 12009: 12002: 11995: 11989: 11987: 11977: 11976: 11973: 11972: 11970: 11969: 11964: 11959: 11953: 11951: 11947: 11946: 11943: 11942: 11940: 11939: 11933: 11931: 11927: 11926: 11924: 11923: 11917: 11915: 11911: 11910: 11908: 11907: 11902: 11897: 11892: 11886: 11884: 11880: 11879: 11877: 11876: 11871: 11869:West Yorkshire 11866: 11861: 11856: 11851: 11846: 11841: 11836: 11831: 11826: 11821: 11816: 11811: 11806: 11801: 11796: 11791: 11786: 11781: 11779:Leicestershire 11776: 11771: 11766: 11761: 11756: 11751: 11746: 11741: 11736: 11731: 11726: 11721: 11716: 11711: 11706: 11704:City of London 11701: 11696: 11694:Cambridgeshire 11691: 11686: 11680: 11678: 11671: 11659: 11658: 11648: 11647: 11633: 11632: 11625: 11618: 11610: 11601: 11600: 11598: 11597: 11590:Special Branch 11587: 11582: 11577: 11572: 11567: 11562: 11557: 11551: 11548: 11547: 11539: 11538: 11531: 11524: 11516: 11510: 11509: 11504: 11496: 11495:External links 11493: 11490: 11489: 11463: 11432: 11399: 11372: 11347: 11313: 11292: 11253: 11222: 11185: 11149: 11105: 11078: 11026: 10995: 10965: 10923: 10892: 10859: 10829: 10805: 10803:, 30 May 2009. 10781: 10762: 10743: 10724: 10705: 10686: 10667: 10648: 10601: 10562: 10532: 10514: 10483: 10465: 10434: 10403: 10373: 10341: 10315: 10283: 10241: 10214: 10188: 10156: 10134: 10098: 10068: 10057:. 23 July 2015 10042: 10012: 9982: 9946: 9913: 9890: 9867: 9844: 9821: 9798: 9775: 9747: 9716: 9700: 9669: 9646: 9615: 9589: 9562: 9543: 9524: 9512: 9493: 9474: 9443: 9402: 9376: 9358: 9340: 9309: 9278: 9252: 9226: 9200: 9169: 9143: 9117: 9086: 9077: 9068: 9059: 9050: 9024: 9012: 9005: 8987: 8957: 8926: 8900: 8877: 8860:UK Legislation 8847: 8817: 8791: 8765: 8739: 8713: 8687: 8651: 8621: 8591: 8566: 8536: 8506: 8476: 8457: 8435: 8416: 8373: 8343: 8318: 8288: 8258: 8229: 8182: 8149: 8118: 8107:on 18 May 2015 8088: 8058: 8039: 8013: 7992: 7974: 7952: 7926: 7907: 7888: 7869: 7850: 7809: 7790: 7771: 7730: 7711: 7670: 7651: 7611: 7592: 7580: 7554: 7524: 7498: 7472: 7454: 7422: 7385: 7359: 7329: 7315: 7289: 7263: 7245: 7219: 7193: 7167: 7141: 7115: 7089: 7063: 7037: 7011: 6985: 6959: 6933: 6907: 6881: 6855: 6829: 6803: 6777: 6766:on 13 May 2010 6751: 6725: 6699: 6674: 6652: 6630: 6604: 6586: 6562: 6519: 6488: 6473: 6444: 6415: 6388: 6357: 6327: 6301: 6275: 6253: 6227: 6202: 6170: 6144: 6112: 6086: 6056: 6036: 6035: 6033: 6030: 6027: 6026: 6017: 6003: 6002: 6000: 5997: 5996: 5995: 5990: 5985: 5980: 5975: 5970: 5963: 5962:Other articles 5960: 5959: 5958: 5953: 5948: 5943: 5936: 5933: 5932: 5931: 5926: 5920: 5915: 5910: 5905: 5898: 5895: 5894: 5893: 5888: 5887: 5886: 5876: 5871: 5866: 5861: 5854: 5851: 5850: 5849: 5833: 5830: 5819: 5813: 5807: 5800: 5797: 5794: 5793: 5788: 5786: 5776: 5771: 5766: 5757: 5748: 5742: 5741: 5736: 5733: 5724: 5715: 5706: 5700: 5699: 5690: 5681: 5668: 5667: 5662: 5653: 5640: 5639: 5630: 5624: 5619: 5614: 5609: 5600: 5588: 5582: 5581: 5576: 5573: 5570: 5567: 5564: 5561: 5558: 5551: 5548: 5545: 5544: 5539: 5536: 5534: 5529: 5523: 5518: 5516: 5506: 5505: 5500: 5498: 5496: 5493: 5488: 5483: 5474: 5464: 5463: 5461: 5459: 5457: 5452: 5450: 5443: 5434: 5424: 5423: 5421: 5419: 5417: 5415: 5413: 5406: 5397: 5387: 5386: 5384: 5379: 5377: 5375: 5373: 5366: 5357: 5347: 5346: 5341: 5339: 5337: 5335: 5330: 5320: 5318: 5308: 5307: 5302: 5296: 5294: 5291: 5290:Pacific Ocean 5288: 5283: 5274: 5264: 5263: 5249: 5247: 5245: 5240: 5237: 5232: 5223: 5213: 5212: 5207: 5197: 5191: 5185: 5176: 5171: 5162: 5152: 5151: 5146: 5143: 5140: 5135: 5130: 5125: 5116: 5106: 5105: 5100: 5094: 5092: 5087: 5082: 5080:Cayman Islands 5077: 5068: 5060: 5059: 5054: 5047: 5045: 5039: 5033: 5028: 5019: 5009: 5008: 5002: 4987: 4985: 4982: 4977: 4972: 4963: 4953: 4952: 4946: 4944: 4942: 4939: 4934: 4929: 4920: 4910: 4909: 4904: 4901: 4896: 4890: 4872: 4867: 4858: 4848: 4847: 4842: 4836: 4834: 4828: 4826:Atlantic Ocean 4819: 4814: 4805: 4795: 4794: 4789: 4786: 4784: 4778: 4769: 4764: 4755: 4745: 4744: 4741: 4738: 4735: 4732: 4729: 4726: 4723: 4713: 4710: 4688: 4685: 4680:Afro-Caribbean 4605: 4602: 4576: 4573: 4550: 4547: 4536: 4533: 4515: 4512: 4504:Denis O'Connor 4479: 4476: 4443:Main article: 4440: 4437: 4429:Iqbal Sacranie 4412: 4409: 4385: 4382: 4309: 4306: 4305: 4304: 4290: 4281: 4278: 4273:Main article: 4270: 4267: 4263: 4262: 4259: 4256: 4253: 4246: 4245: 4241: 4220:Main article: 4217: 4214: 4186:Main article: 4183: 4180: 4157: 4123: 4120: 4110: 4107: 4068: 4065: 3972: 3971:Greater London 3969: 3965:European Union 3952: 3949: 3948: 3947: 3936: 3917: 3896:Garda Síochána 3891: 3863:French Customs 3843:Channel Tunnel 3821:United Kingdom 3816: 3813: 3769:Home Secretary 3752:Home Secretary 3709:Main article: 3706: 3703: 3671:United Kingdom 3663:Main article: 3660: 3657: 3656: 3655: 3643: 3639: 3635: 3626: 3623: 3602: 3599: 3593: 3590: 3584: 3581: 3573: 3572: 3569: 3566: 3550: 3547: 3545: 3542: 3541: 3540: 3532: 3525: 3523: 3515: 3508: 3506: 3498: 3491: 3489: 3481: 3474: 3472: 3464: 3457: 3433: 3430: 3353: 3350: 3285: 3282: 3220:Main article: 3217: 3214: 3200: 3197: 3184: 3183: 3165: 3134: 3131: 3086:West Yorkshire 3057: 3056:Accountability 3054: 3035: 3032: 3022: 3019: 3006: 3005: 3002: 2995: 2994: 2991: 2984: 2983: 2980: 2961: 2958: 2957: 2956: 2952: 2948: 2925:Cumbria Police 2919: 2916: 2899: 2896: 2877: 2874: 2869:Main article: 2866: 2863: 2807:Main article: 2804: 2801: 2800: 2799: 2794: 2789: 2784: 2777: 2774: 2723:Garda Síochána 2707:James Anderton 2702: 2699: 2696: 2695: 2690: 2681: 2678: 2672: 2671: 2665: 2644: 2641: 2635: 2634: 2629: 2600: 2597: 2591: 2590: 2585: 2571:Worcestershire 2568: 2565: 2559: 2558: 2553: 2548: 2545: 2539: 2538: 2533: 2531:West Berkshire 2512: 2509: 2503: 2502: 2497: 2484: 2481: 2475: 2474: 2469: 2464: 2461: 2455: 2454: 2449: 2444: 2441: 2435: 2434: 2429: 2427:Stoke-on-Trent 2420: 2417: 2411: 2410: 2405: 2388: 2385: 2379: 2378: 2373: 2364: 2361: 2355: 2354: 2349: 2332: 2329: 2323: 2322: 2317: 2315:North Tyneside 2311:Northumberland 2307:South Tyneside 2292: 2289: 2283: 2282: 2277: 2268: 2265: 2259: 2258: 2253: 2248: 2245: 2239: 2238: 2232: 2229:City of London 2222: 2219: 2213: 2212: 2207: 2182: 2179: 2173: 2172: 2167: 2153: 2150: 2144: 2143: 2138: 2136:Leicestershire 2125: 2122: 2116: 2115: 2110: 2097: 2094: 2088: 2087: 2082: 2073: 2070: 2064: 2063: 2058: 2041: 2038: 2032: 2031: 2026: 2021: 2018: 2012: 2011: 2006: 1989: 1986: 1980: 1979: 1973: 1940: 1937: 1931: 1930: 1925: 1915: 1912: 1906: 1905: 1900: 1887: 1884: 1878: 1877: 1872: 1863: 1860: 1854: 1853: 1848: 1839: 1836: 1830: 1829: 1824: 1803: 1800: 1794: 1793: 1788: 1779: 1776: 1770: 1769: 1764: 1755: 1752: 1746: 1745: 1740: 1723: 1720: 1714: 1713: 1707: 1705:City of London 1702: 1699: 1693: 1692: 1687: 1681:Cambridgeshire 1678: 1675: 1669: 1668: 1663: 1650: 1647: 1641: 1640: 1635: 1622: 1619: 1613: 1612: 1609: 1606: 1603: 1593: 1590: 1562:police precept 1546: 1543: 1508:United Kingdom 1504: 1503: 1496: 1482: 1468: 1457: 1450: 1439: 1433: 1420: 1393: 1361: 1358: 1357: 1356: 1345:Court officers 1342: 1339:water bailiffs 1328: 1322: 1304: 1297: 1277: 1274: 1272: 1269: 1231: 1228: 1208: 1205: 1167: 1166: 1163: 1158: 1140: 1139: 1136: 1108: 1105: 1084: 1081: 1046:2005 G8 summit 1009: 1006: 959:Main article: 956: 953: 951: 948: 929:Birmingham Six 916:Scarman Report 868: 867: 864: 817:Main article: 814: 811: 802:for doing so. 800:accountability 770:(CNC) provide 708: 707: 705: 704: 697: 690: 682: 679: 678: 677: 676: 671: 663: 662: 659: 658: 652: 649: 648: 645: 644: 641: 640: 635: 630: 625: 620: 615: 610: 605: 600: 595: 590: 585: 580: 575: 570: 565: 560: 555: 550: 545: 540: 535: 530: 525: 520: 515: 510: 505: 500: 494: 491: 490: 487: 486: 483: 482: 477: 472: 467: 462: 457: 447: 442: 437: 432: 427: 422: 417: 412: 407: 402: 397: 392: 387: 382: 376: 373: 372: 369: 368: 367: 366: 361: 356: 354:Traffic warden 351: 346: 344:Prison officer 341: 336: 331: 326: 321: 316: 311: 305: 300: 295: 290: 285: 280: 275: 270: 265: 255: 250: 245: 240: 232: 231: 230:Types of agent 227: 226: 225: 224: 219: 214: 212:Service police 209: 204: 199: 194: 186: 185: 181: 180: 179: 178: 173: 168: 163: 155: 154: 150: 149: 148: 147: 142: 137: 132: 131: 130: 125: 112: 111: 107: 106: 105: 104: 99: 94: 86: 85: 65:Vauxhall Astra 58:police vehicle 9: 6: 4: 3: 2: 16090: 16079: 16076: 16075: 16073: 16058: 16055: 16053: 16050: 16049: 16044: 16040: 16037: 16033: 16032: 16028: 16010: 16007: 16005: 16002: 16000: 15997: 15995: 15992: 15990: 15987: 15983: 15980: 15979: 15978: 15975: 15973: 15970: 15966: 15963: 15961: 15958: 15956: 15953: 15952: 15951: 15948: 15946: 15943: 15941: 15938: 15937: 15935: 15933: 15929: 15923: 15920: 15918: 15915: 15913: 15910: 15908: 15905: 15903: 15900: 15898: 15895: 15891: 15888: 15887: 15886: 15883: 15881: 15878: 15874: 15871: 15869: 15866: 15864: 15861: 15860: 15859: 15856: 15854: 15851: 15847: 15844: 15843: 15842: 15839: 15838: 15836: 15834: 15830: 15824: 15821: 15819: 15816: 15814: 15811: 15809: 15806: 15804: 15801: 15797: 15794: 15793: 15792: 15789: 15787: 15784: 15780: 15777: 15775: 15772: 15770: 15767: 15766: 15765: 15762: 15760: 15757: 15755: 15752: 15751: 15749: 15747: 15743: 15737: 15734: 15732: 15729: 15727: 15724: 15722: 15719: 15717: 15714: 15712: 15709: 15705: 15702: 15701: 15700: 15697: 15695: 15692: 15690: 15687: 15685: 15682: 15678: 15675: 15673: 15670: 15669: 15668: 15665: 15664: 15662: 15660: 15656: 15652: 15648: 15643: 15639: 15635: 15625: 15622: 15620: 15617: 15615: 15612: 15610: 15607: 15605: 15602: 15600: 15597: 15595: 15592: 15590: 15587: 15585: 15582: 15580: 15577: 15575: 15572: 15568: 15565: 15564: 15563: 15560: 15558: 15555: 15553: 15550: 15548: 15545: 15544: 15542: 15540: 15536: 15530: 15529:Welfare state 15527: 15525: 15522: 15520: 15517: 15515: 15512: 15510: 15507: 15505: 15502: 15500: 15497: 15495: 15492: 15490: 15487: 15485: 15482: 15480: 15477: 15475: 15474:Mental health 15472: 15470: 15467: 15465: 15462: 15460: 15457: 15455: 15452: 15450: 15447: 15445: 15442: 15438: 15435: 15433: 15430: 15429: 15428: 15425: 15423: 15420: 15418: 15417:Ethnic groups 15415: 15413: 15410: 15408: 15405: 15403: 15400: 15398: 15395: 15393: 15390: 15388: 15385: 15383: 15380: 15379: 15376: 15373: 15371: 15367: 15357: 15354: 15352: 15349: 15347: 15344: 15342: 15341:Bus transport 15339: 15337: 15336:Air transport 15334: 15333: 15331: 15329: 15325: 15319: 15316: 15314: 15311: 15309: 15306: 15303: 15299: 15296: 15294: 15291: 15289: 15283: 15281: 15280:Manufacturing 15278: 15276: 15273: 15271: 15268: 15266: 15263: 15261: 15258: 15254: 15251: 15250: 15249: 15246: 15245: 15242: 15239: 15237: 15233: 15219: 15216: 15214: 15211: 15209: 15206: 15204: 15201: 15200: 15198: 15196: 15192: 15184: 15181: 15180: 15179: 15176: 15172: 15169: 15168: 15167: 15164: 15162: 15159: 15157: 15156:Civil service 15154: 15150: 15147: 15146: 15145: 15142: 15141: 15139: 15137: 15133: 15127: 15124: 15122: 15119: 15117: 15114: 15112: 15109: 15105: 15102: 15100: 15097: 15096: 15095: 15092: 15090: 15087: 15083: 15082:republicanism 15080: 15078: 15075: 15074: 15073: 15070: 15068: 15065: 15063: 15060: 15058: 15055: 15053: 15050: 15046: 15043: 15042: 15041: 15038: 15036: 15033: 15029: 15026: 15025: 15024: 15021: 15019: 15016: 15014: 15011: 15009: 15006: 15005: 15002: 14998: 14995: 14993: 14989: 14973: 14970: 14968: 14965: 14964: 14962: 14958: 14955: 14953: 14950: 14949: 14947: 14945: 14942: 14938: 14935: 14933: 14930: 14928: 14925: 14924: 14922: 14918: 14915: 14913: 14910: 14908: 14905: 14903: 14902:North Sea oil 14900: 14898: 14895: 14893: 14890: 14888: 14885: 14883: 14880: 14878: 14875: 14873: 14870: 14869: 14868: 14865: 14863: 14860: 14859: 14857: 14855: 14851: 14845: 14842: 14840: 14837: 14835: 14832: 14830: 14827: 14825: 14822: 14820: 14817: 14813: 14810: 14809: 14808: 14805: 14801: 14800:Great Britain 14798: 14796: 14793: 14792: 14791: 14790:British Isles 14788: 14787: 14785: 14783: 14779: 14773: 14770: 14768: 14765: 14763: 14760: 14758: 14755: 14753: 14750: 14748: 14745: 14743: 14740: 14739: 14737: 14735: 14731: 14727: 14724: 14722: 14718: 14708: 14705: 14703: 14700: 14698: 14695: 14693: 14690: 14688: 14685: 14683: 14680: 14676: 14673: 14672: 14671: 14668: 14666: 14663: 14661: 14658: 14657: 14655: 14651: 14643: 14640: 14638: 14635: 14634: 14632: 14628: 14625: 14623: 14620: 14619: 14617: 14613: 14610: 14608: 14605: 14604: 14602: 14600: 14597: 14595: 14592: 14590: 14589:Edwardian era 14587: 14585: 14584:Victorian era 14582: 14580: 14577: 14575: 14572: 14571: 14569: 14567: 14563: 14560: 14558: 14554: 14549: 14542: 14537: 14535: 14530: 14528: 14523: 14522: 14519: 14507: 14504: 14500: 14497: 14496: 14495: 14492: 14490: 14487: 14485: 14482: 14480: 14477: 14476: 14473: 14466: 14462: 14460: 14459:South Vietnam 14457: 14455: 14452: 14450: 14447: 14443: 14440: 14438: 14435: 14434: 14432: 14430: 14427: 14425: 14422: 14419: 14415: 14414: 14412: 14408: 14402: 14399: 14397: 14394: 14392: 14389: 14387: 14384: 14382: 14379: 14377: 14374: 14373: 14371: 14367: 14359: 14356: 14354: 14351: 14349: 14346: 14344: 14341: 14340: 14339: 14336: 14334: 14331: 14329: 14326: 14324: 14321: 14319: 14316: 14314: 14311: 14309: 14306: 14304: 14301: 14299: 14296: 14294: 14291: 14289: 14286: 14284: 14281: 14279: 14276: 14274: 14271: 14269: 14266: 14264: 14261: 14259: 14256: 14254: 14251: 14249: 14246: 14244: 14241: 14239: 14236: 14234: 14231: 14229: 14226: 14224: 14221: 14219: 14216: 14214: 14211: 14209: 14206: 14204: 14201: 14199: 14196: 14194: 14191: 14189: 14186: 14184: 14181: 14179: 14176: 14174: 14173:Faroe Islands 14171: 14169: 14166: 14164: 14161: 14159: 14156: 14154: 14151: 14149: 14146: 14144: 14141: 14139: 14136: 14134: 14131: 14129: 14126: 14124: 14121: 14119: 14116: 14114: 14111: 14109: 14106: 14104: 14101: 14100: 14098: 14094: 14088: 14085: 14083: 14080: 14078: 14075: 14073: 14070: 14068: 14065: 14063: 14060: 14058: 14055: 14053: 14050: 14048: 14045: 14043: 14040: 14038: 14035: 14033: 14030: 14028: 14025: 14023: 14020: 14018: 14015: 14013: 14010: 14008: 14005: 14003: 14000: 13998: 13995: 13993: 13990: 13988: 13985: 13983: 13980: 13978: 13975: 13973: 13970: 13968: 13965: 13963: 13960: 13958: 13955: 13953: 13950: 13948: 13945: 13943: 13940: 13938: 13935: 13933: 13930: 13928: 13925: 13921: 13918: 13917: 13916: 13913: 13911: 13908: 13906: 13903: 13901: 13898: 13894: 13891: 13889: 13886: 13885: 13884: 13881: 13879: 13876: 13874: 13871: 13869: 13866: 13864: 13861: 13859: 13856: 13854: 13851: 13849: 13846: 13844: 13841: 13840: 13838: 13834: 13828: 13825: 13823: 13820: 13818: 13817:United States 13815: 13813: 13810: 13808: 13805: 13803: 13800: 13798: 13795: 13793: 13790: 13788: 13785: 13783: 13780: 13778: 13775: 13773: 13770: 13768: 13765: 13763: 13760: 13758: 13755: 13753: 13750: 13748: 13745: 13743: 13740: 13738: 13735: 13733: 13730: 13728: 13725: 13723: 13720: 13718: 13715: 13713: 13710: 13708: 13705: 13703: 13700: 13698: 13695: 13693: 13690: 13688: 13685: 13683: 13680: 13678: 13675: 13673: 13670: 13668: 13665: 13663: 13660: 13658: 13655: 13653: 13650: 13649: 13647: 13643: 13637: 13634: 13632: 13629: 13627: 13624: 13622: 13619: 13617: 13614: 13612: 13609: 13607: 13604: 13602: 13599: 13597: 13594: 13592: 13589: 13587: 13584: 13582: 13579: 13577: 13574: 13572: 13569: 13567: 13564: 13562: 13559: 13557: 13554: 13552: 13549: 13547: 13544: 13542: 13539: 13537: 13534: 13532: 13529: 13527: 13524: 13522: 13519: 13517: 13514: 13512: 13509: 13507: 13504: 13502: 13499: 13497: 13494: 13492: 13489: 13487: 13486:Guinea-Bissau 13484: 13482: 13479: 13477: 13474: 13472: 13469: 13467: 13464: 13462: 13459: 13457: 13454: 13452: 13449: 13447: 13444: 13442: 13439: 13437: 13434: 13432: 13429: 13427: 13424: 13422: 13419: 13417: 13414: 13412: 13409: 13407: 13404: 13402: 13399: 13397: 13394: 13392: 13389: 13387: 13384: 13382: 13379: 13377: 13374: 13372: 13369: 13368: 13366: 13362: 13357: 13350: 13345: 13343: 13338: 13336: 13331: 13330: 13327: 13315: 13312: 13311: 13309: 13305: 13299: 13296: 13294: 13291: 13289: 13286: 13284: 13281: 13279: 13276: 13274: 13273:Faroe Islands 13271: 13269: 13266: 13265: 13263: 13257: 13251: 13248: 13246: 13245:South Ossetia 13243: 13241: 13238: 13236: 13233: 13231: 13228: 13227: 13225: 13219: 13213: 13210: 13208: 13205: 13203: 13200: 13198: 13195: 13193: 13190: 13188: 13185: 13183: 13180: 13178: 13175: 13173: 13170: 13168: 13165: 13163: 13160: 13158: 13155: 13153: 13150: 13148: 13145: 13143: 13140: 13138: 13135: 13133: 13130: 13128: 13125: 13123: 13120: 13118: 13115: 13113: 13110: 13108: 13105: 13103: 13100: 13098: 13095: 13093: 13092:Liechtenstein 13090: 13088: 13085: 13083: 13080: 13078: 13075: 13073: 13071: 13068: 13066: 13063: 13061: 13058: 13056: 13053: 13051: 13048: 13046: 13043: 13041: 13038: 13036: 13033: 13031: 13028: 13026: 13023: 13021: 13018: 13016: 13013: 13011: 13008: 13006: 13003: 13001: 12998: 12996: 12993: 12991: 12988: 12986: 12983: 12981: 12978: 12976: 12973: 12971: 12968: 12966: 12963: 12962: 12960: 12956: 12952: 12945: 12940: 12938: 12933: 12931: 12926: 12925: 12922: 12902: 12899: 12897: 12894: 12892: 12889: 12887: 12884: 12883: 12881: 12877: 12871: 12868: 12866: 12863: 12861: 12858: 12856: 12853: 12852: 12850: 12846: 12840: 12837: 12835: 12832: 12830: 12827: 12825: 12822: 12821: 12819: 12815: 12809: 12806: 12804: 12801: 12799: 12796: 12794: 12791: 12789: 12786: 12785: 12783: 12779: 12773: 12770: 12768: 12765: 12763: 12760: 12758: 12755: 12753: 12750: 12749: 12747: 12743: 12739: 12732: 12728: 12709: 12704: 12698: 12695: 12693: 12690: 12689: 12687: 12685: 12681: 12675: 12672: 12668: 12665: 12663: 12660: 12659: 12657: 12655: 12652: 12650: 12647: 12645: 12642: 12638: 12635: 12633: 12630: 12628: 12625: 12624: 12622: 12620: 12617: 12615: 12612: 12610: 12607: 12605: 12602: 12598: 12595: 12593: 12590: 12589: 12587: 12585: 12582: 12581: 12579: 12577: 12573: 12567: 12563: 12560: 12558: 12555: 12553: 12550: 12549: 12547: 12543: 12540: 12539: 12537: 12533: 12530: 12528: 12527:Border Agency 12525: 12524: 12522: 12521: 12519: 12517: 12513: 12509: 12502: 12497: 12495: 12490: 12488: 12483: 12482: 12479: 12473: 12464: 12459: 12453: 12450: 12448: 12445: 12443: 12440: 12438: 12435: 12434: 12432: 12430: 12426: 12420: 12419: 12415: 12413: 12412: 12408: 12406: 12405: 12401: 12399: 12398: 12394: 12392: 12391: 12387: 12385: 12384: 12380: 12379: 12377: 12373: 12367: 12364: 12362: 12361: 12357: 12355: 12352: 12350: 12347: 12345: 12342: 12340: 12337: 12335: 12334:Port of Dover 12332: 12330: 12327: 12325: 12324: 12323:Larne Harbour 12320: 12318: 12315: 12313: 12312: 12308: 12306: 12303: 12302: 12300: 12298: 12294: 12284: 12283: 12279: 12277: 12276: 12272: 12270: 12269: 12265: 12264: 12262: 12258: 12252: 12249: 12247: 12246: 12242: 12240: 12238: 12237: 12233: 12231: 12228: 12226: 12225: 12221: 12219: 12218: 12214: 12212: 12210: 12207: 12205: 12204: 12200: 12198: 12195: 12193: 12192: 12188: 12186: 12183: 12181: 12180: 12176: 12174: 12173: 12169: 12167: 12166:Epping Forest 12164: 12162: 12161: 12157: 12155: 12154: 12150: 12149: 12147: 12143: 12140: 12138: 12134: 12128: 12125: 12123: 12120: 12118: 12115: 12113: 12110: 12108: 12107: 12103: 12101: 12100: 12096: 12094: 12091: 12089: 12086: 12084: 12081: 12080: 12078: 12076: 12075:Miscellaneous 12072: 12066: 12065: 12061: 12059: 12058: 12054: 12052: 12051: 12047: 12045: 12042: 12041: 12039: 12035: 12029: 12028: 12024: 12022: 12021: 12017: 12015: 12014: 12010: 12008: 12007: 12003: 12001: 12000: 11996: 11994: 11991: 11990: 11988: 11986: 11982: 11978: 11968: 11965: 11963: 11960: 11958: 11955: 11954: 11952: 11948: 11938: 11935: 11934: 11932: 11928: 11922: 11919: 11918: 11916: 11912: 11906: 11903: 11901: 11898: 11896: 11893: 11891: 11888: 11887: 11885: 11881: 11875: 11872: 11870: 11867: 11865: 11864:West Midlands 11862: 11860: 11857: 11855: 11852: 11850: 11849:Thames Valley 11847: 11845: 11842: 11840: 11837: 11835: 11832: 11830: 11829:Staffordshire 11827: 11825: 11822: 11820: 11817: 11815: 11812: 11810: 11807: 11805: 11802: 11800: 11797: 11795: 11792: 11790: 11787: 11785: 11782: 11780: 11777: 11775: 11772: 11770: 11767: 11765: 11762: 11760: 11759:Hertfordshire 11757: 11755: 11752: 11750: 11747: 11745: 11742: 11740: 11737: 11735: 11732: 11730: 11727: 11725: 11722: 11720: 11717: 11715: 11712: 11710: 11707: 11705: 11702: 11700: 11697: 11695: 11692: 11690: 11687: 11685: 11682: 11681: 11679: 11675: 11672: 11668: 11664: 11660: 11656:Police forces 11653: 11649: 11645: 11640: 11631: 11626: 11624: 11619: 11617: 11612: 11611: 11608: 11595: 11591: 11588: 11586: 11583: 11581: 11578: 11576: 11573: 11571: 11568: 11566: 11565:Firearms Unit 11563: 11561: 11558: 11556: 11553: 11552: 11549: 11545: 11537: 11532: 11530: 11525: 11523: 11518: 11517: 11514: 11508: 11505: 11502: 11499: 11498: 11477: 11473: 11467: 11451: 11447: 11443: 11436: 11420: 11416: 11415:The Telegraph 11411: 11403: 11387: 11383: 11376: 11361: 11357: 11351: 11336: 11332: 11328: 11327:The Telegraph 11324: 11317: 11309: 11308: 11303: 11296: 11280: 11276: 11272: 11268: 11264: 11257: 11241: 11237: 11233: 11226: 11219: 11206: 11202: 11201: 11196: 11189: 11182: 11170: 11166: 11165: 11160: 11153: 11146: 11134: 11130: 11126: 11122: 11121: 11116: 11109: 11093: 11089: 11082: 11066: 11062: 11058: 11053: 11048: 11044: 11040: 11033: 11031: 11014: 11010: 11006: 10999: 10983: 10979: 10975: 10969: 10953: 10949: 10945: 10941: 10937: 10930: 10928: 10911: 10907: 10903: 10896: 10880: 10876: 10875:The Telegraph 10872: 10866: 10864: 10847: 10843: 10839: 10833: 10826: 10822: 10818: 10815: 10809: 10802: 10798: 10794: 10791: 10788:Sarah Lyall, 10785: 10778: 10774: 10771: 10766: 10759: 10755: 10752: 10747: 10740: 10736: 10733: 10728: 10721: 10717: 10714: 10709: 10702: 10698: 10695: 10690: 10683: 10679: 10676: 10671: 10664: 10660: 10657: 10652: 10645: 10632: 10628: 10624: 10620: 10616: 10612: 10605: 10589: 10585: 10581: 10577: 10573: 10566: 10550: 10546: 10542: 10536: 10530: 10526: 10523: 10518: 10502: 10498: 10492: 10490: 10488: 10479: 10475: 10469: 10453: 10449: 10448:The Telegraph 10445: 10438: 10422: 10418: 10417:The Telegraph 10414: 10407: 10391: 10387: 10383: 10377: 10361: 10357: 10356: 10351: 10345: 10329: 10325: 10319: 10303: 10299: 10294: 10287: 10271: 10267: 10263: 10259: 10255: 10248: 10246: 10229: 10225: 10218: 10202: 10198: 10192: 10176: 10172: 10171: 10166: 10160: 10152: 10148: 10144: 10138: 10119: 10115: 10108: 10102: 10086: 10082: 10078: 10072: 10056: 10052: 10046: 10030: 10026: 10022: 10016: 10000: 9996: 9992: 9986: 9967: 9963: 9956: 9950: 9934: 9930: 9929:The Economist 9926: 9920: 9918: 9911: 9910: 9906: 9902: 9899: 9894: 9888: 9887: 9883: 9879: 9876: 9871: 9865: 9864: 9860: 9856: 9853: 9848: 9842: 9841: 9837: 9833: 9830: 9825: 9819: 9818: 9814: 9810: 9807: 9802: 9796: 9795: 9791: 9787: 9784: 9779: 9773: 9772: 9768: 9764: 9761: 9756: 9754: 9752: 9735: 9731: 9727: 9720: 9714: 9713: 9709: 9704: 9688: 9684: 9680: 9673: 9667: 9663: 9660: 9655: 9653: 9651: 9634: 9630: 9626: 9619: 9603: 9599: 9593: 9577: 9573: 9566: 9559: 9555: 9552: 9547: 9540: 9536: 9533: 9528: 9521: 9516: 9509: 9505: 9502: 9497: 9490: 9486: 9483: 9478: 9462: 9458: 9454: 9447: 9439: 9433: 9417: 9413: 9406: 9390: 9386: 9380: 9372: 9368: 9362: 9354: 9350: 9344: 9328: 9324: 9320: 9313: 9297: 9293: 9289: 9282: 9266: 9262: 9256: 9240: 9236: 9230: 9214: 9210: 9204: 9188: 9184: 9180: 9173: 9157: 9153: 9147: 9131: 9127: 9121: 9105: 9101: 9097: 9090: 9081: 9072: 9063: 9054: 9038: 9034: 9028: 9019: 9017: 9008: 9002: 8998: 8991: 8975: 8971: 8967: 8961: 8945: 8941: 8940:PICA Magazine 8937: 8930: 8914: 8910: 8904: 8898: 8897: 8893: 8889: 8886: 8881: 8865: 8861: 8857: 8851: 8835: 8831: 8827: 8821: 8805: 8801: 8795: 8779: 8775: 8769: 8753: 8749: 8743: 8727: 8723: 8717: 8701: 8697: 8691: 8672: 8668: 8661: 8655: 8639: 8635: 8631: 8625: 8609: 8605: 8601: 8595: 8580: 8576: 8570: 8554: 8550: 8546: 8540: 8524: 8520: 8516: 8510: 8494: 8490: 8486: 8480: 8473: 8469: 8466: 8461: 8454: 8450: 8447: 8442: 8440: 8432: 8428: 8425: 8420: 8404: 8400: 8396: 8390: 8388: 8386: 8384: 8382: 8380: 8378: 8361: 8357: 8353: 8347: 8332: 8328: 8322: 8307: 8303: 8297: 8295: 8293: 8276: 8272: 8268: 8262: 8246: 8242: 8236: 8234: 8225: 8219: 8203: 8199: 8195: 8189: 8187: 8170: 8166: 8162: 8156: 8154: 8137: 8133: 8129: 8122: 8106: 8102: 8098: 8092: 8076: 8072: 8068: 8062: 8055: 8051: 8048: 8043: 8027: 8023: 8017: 8009: 8005: 7999: 7997: 7988: 7984: 7978: 7962: 7956: 7940: 7936: 7930: 7923: 7919: 7916: 7911: 7904: 7900: 7897: 7892: 7885: 7881: 7878: 7873: 7866: 7862: 7859: 7854: 7846: 7840: 7824: 7820: 7813: 7806: 7802: 7799: 7794: 7787: 7783: 7780: 7775: 7767: 7761: 7745: 7741: 7734: 7727: 7723: 7720: 7715: 7707: 7701: 7685: 7681: 7674: 7667: 7663: 7660: 7655: 7636: 7632: 7625: 7623: 7615: 7608: 7604: 7601: 7596: 7589: 7584: 7568: 7564: 7558: 7542: 7538: 7534: 7528: 7512: 7508: 7502: 7486: 7482: 7476: 7468: 7464: 7458: 7439: 7432: 7426: 7407: 7403: 7396: 7389: 7373: 7369: 7363: 7347: 7343: 7339: 7333: 7325: 7319: 7303: 7299: 7293: 7277: 7273: 7267: 7261: 7257: 7254: 7249: 7233: 7229: 7223: 7207: 7203: 7197: 7181: 7177: 7171: 7155: 7151: 7145: 7129: 7125: 7119: 7103: 7099: 7093: 7077: 7073: 7067: 7051: 7047: 7041: 7025: 7021: 7015: 6999: 6995: 6989: 6973: 6969: 6963: 6947: 6943: 6937: 6921: 6917: 6911: 6895: 6891: 6885: 6869: 6865: 6859: 6843: 6839: 6833: 6817: 6813: 6807: 6791: 6787: 6781: 6765: 6761: 6755: 6739: 6735: 6729: 6713: 6709: 6703: 6687: 6681: 6679: 6662: 6656: 6640: 6634: 6618: 6614: 6608: 6600: 6596: 6590: 6584: 6583:9780995706101 6580: 6576: 6572: 6566: 6550: 6546: 6542: 6538: 6534: 6530: 6523: 6515: 6511: 6507: 6503: 6499: 6492: 6484: 6477: 6461: 6457: 6451: 6449: 6432: 6428: 6422: 6420: 6411: 6407: 6403: 6399: 6392: 6376: 6372: 6368: 6361: 6345: 6341: 6337: 6331: 6315: 6311: 6305: 6289: 6285: 6279: 6271: 6267: 6263: 6257: 6241: 6237: 6231: 6216: 6212: 6206: 6187: 6180: 6174: 6158: 6154: 6148: 6129: 6122: 6116: 6100: 6096: 6090: 6074: 6070: 6066: 6060: 6052: 6048: 6041: 6037: 6021: 6014: 6008: 6004: 5994: 5993:Scotland Yard 5991: 5989: 5986: 5984: 5981: 5979: 5976: 5974: 5971: 5969: 5966: 5965: 5957: 5954: 5952: 5949: 5947: 5944: 5942: 5939: 5938: 5930: 5927: 5924: 5923:LGC Forensics 5921: 5919: 5916: 5914: 5911: 5909: 5906: 5904: 5901: 5900: 5892: 5889: 5885: 5882: 5881: 5880: 5877: 5875: 5872: 5870: 5867: 5865: 5862: 5860: 5857: 5856: 5847: 5836: 5826: 5805: 5792: 5789: 5787: 5785: 5784: 5780: 5777: 5775: 5772: 5770: 5767: 5762: 5758: 5753: 5749: 5747: 5744: 5740: 5737: 5734: 5731: 5728: 5725: 5720: 5716: 5711: 5707: 5705: 5702: 5695: 5691: 5686: 5682: 5680: 5674: 5670: 5669: 5666: 5663: 5658: 5654: 5652: 5646: 5642: 5641: 5634: 5631: 5629: 5623: 5618: 5613: 5605: 5601: 5599: 5593: 5589: 5587: 5580: 5577: 5574: 5571: 5568: 5565: 5562: 5559: 5556: 5555: 5543: 5542:Cockburn Town 5540: 5537: 5535: 5533: 5530: 5527: 5524: 5522: 5519: 5517: 5512: 5508: 5504: 5501: 5499: 5497: 5494: 5489: 5487: 5484: 5479: 5475: 5470: 5466: 5462: 5460: 5458: 5456: 5453: 5451: 5448: 5444: 5439: 5435: 5430: 5426: 5422: 5420: 5418: 5416: 5414: 5411: 5407: 5402: 5398: 5393: 5389: 5385: 5380: 5378: 5376: 5374: 5371: 5367: 5362: 5358: 5353: 5349: 5345: 5342: 5340: 5338: 5336: 5331: 5325: 5321: 5319: 5314: 5310: 5306: 5303: 5301: 5297: 5295: 5292: 5289: 5287: 5284: 5279: 5275: 5270: 5266: 5261: 5257: 5253: 5250: 5248: 5246: 5244: 5241: 5238: 5236: 5233: 5228: 5224: 5219: 5215: 5211: 5208: 5206: 5202: 5198: 5195: 5192: 5189: 5186: 5184: 5180: 5177: 5175: 5172: 5167: 5163: 5158: 5154: 5150: 5147: 5144: 5141: 5139: 5136: 5131: 5129: 5126: 5121: 5117: 5112: 5108: 5104: 5101: 5099: 5095: 5093: 5091: 5088: 5086: 5083: 5081: 5078: 5073: 5069: 5066: 5062: 5058: 5055: 5052: 5048: 5046: 5043: 5040: 5037: 5034: 5032: 5029: 5024: 5020: 5015: 5011: 5006: 5003: 5000: 4996: 4992: 4988: 4986: 4983: 4981: 4978: 4976: 4973: 4968: 4964: 4959: 4955: 4950: 4947: 4945: 4943: 4940: 4938: 4935: 4933: 4930: 4925: 4921: 4916: 4912: 4908: 4905: 4902: 4900: 4897: 4894: 4891: 4889: 4885: 4881: 4877: 4873: 4871: 4868: 4863: 4859: 4854: 4850: 4846: 4843: 4841: 4837: 4835: 4832: 4829: 4827: 4823: 4820: 4818: 4815: 4810: 4806: 4801: 4797: 4793: 4790: 4787: 4785: 4783:(SBA Police) 4782: 4779: 4777: 4773: 4770: 4768: 4765: 4760: 4756: 4751: 4747: 4742: 4739: 4736: 4733: 4730: 4727: 4724: 4721: 4720: 4717: 4709: 4707: 4703: 4698: 4694: 4684: 4681: 4677: 4673: 4672:Scotland Yard 4668: 4665: 4660: 4658: 4654: 4650: 4645: 4643: 4639: 4635: 4631: 4627: 4623: 4619: 4614: 4611: 4601: 4599: 4593: 4591: 4587: 4582: 4572: 4569: 4565: 4561: 4556: 4546: 4543: 4542:Yvette Cooper 4532: 4529: 4525: 4521: 4511: 4509: 4505: 4501: 4497: 4493: 4492:Ian Tomlinson 4489: 4485: 4475: 4473: 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3812: 3810: 3806: 3803:, the former 3802: 3798: 3794: 3790: 3785: 3782: 3778: 3774: 3770: 3765: 3764: 3761: 3759: 3753: 3749: 3746:functions of 3745: 3744:port of entry 3741: 3737: 3732: 3730: 3726: 3717: 3712: 3702: 3700: 3696: 3692: 3688: 3684: 3680: 3676: 3672: 3666: 3653: 3649: 3644: 3640: 3636: 3632: 3631: 3630: 3622: 3620: 3614: 3612: 3608: 3598: 3589: 3580: 3578: 3570: 3567: 3564: 3563: 3562: 3560: 3556: 3538: 3535: 3529: 3524: 3521: 3518: 3512: 3507: 3504: 3501: 3495: 3490: 3487: 3484: 3478: 3473: 3470: 3467: 3461: 3456: 3455: 3454: 3450: 3446: 3444: 3438: 3429: 3427: 3423: 3419: 3410: 3406: 3404: 3400: 3396: 3391: 3389: 3385: 3381: 3377: 3373: 3369: 3365: 3364:Firearms Unit 3359: 3349: 3347: 3343: 3339: 3335: 3328: 3323: 3319: 3317: 3312: 3307: 3305: 3299: 3295: 3291: 3281: 3279: 3275: 3271: 3269: 3265: 3264:commissioners 3261: 3257: 3253: 3249: 3245: 3241: 3237: 3233: 3229: 3223: 3210: 3205: 3196: 3193: 3189: 3181: 3177: 3173: 3169: 3166: 3163: 3159: 3155: 3151: 3147: 3143: 3140: 3139: 3138: 3130: 3128: 3124: 3119: 3117: 3113: 3109: 3104: 3102: 3098: 3094: 3089: 3087: 3083: 3079: 3075: 3072:, whilst the 3071: 3067: 3063: 3053: 3051: 3046: 3042: 3031: 3027: 3018: 3010: 3003: 3000: 2999: 2998: 2992: 2989: 2988: 2987: 2981: 2978: 2977: 2976: 2973: 2970: 2968: 2953: 2949: 2945: 2944: 2943: 2940: 2936: 2932: 2930: 2926: 2915: 2911: 2909: 2905: 2895: 2893: 2888: 2883: 2872: 2862: 2860: 2855: 2853: 2849: 2845: 2841: 2836: 2832: 2829:ahead of the 2828: 2824: 2820: 2816: 2810: 2798: 2795: 2793: 2790: 2788: 2785: 2783: 2780: 2779: 2773: 2771: 2767: 2763: 2758: 2755: 2750: 2748: 2744: 2740: 2736: 2730: 2728: 2724: 2720: 2716: 2712: 2708: 2694: 2691: 2689: 2685: 2682: 2679: 2677: 2674: 2673: 2670: 2666: 2664: 2660: 2656: 2652: 2648: 2645: 2642: 2640: 2637: 2636: 2633: 2630: 2628: 2624: 2620: 2616: 2615:Wolverhampton 2612: 2608: 2604: 2601: 2598: 2596: 2593: 2592: 2589: 2586: 2584: 2580: 2576: 2575:Herefordshire 2572: 2569: 2566: 2564: 2561: 2560: 2557: 2554: 2552: 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