84:
1551:
20:
681:
693:
278:(DEA) and closures of these facilities have occurred. Many perpetrators were convicted by the courts, and by the end of 2016 there were 378 physicians in Florida alone, with 95 more under indictment there by that time.
131:
According to investigating authorities and scientists, such facilities come in different shapes and sizes, but for them it is important to give the impression that they are independent pain treatment centres. To avoid
1204:
305:
had implemented such programs. There is debate in the literature whether and about the extent to which the tightening of narcotics laws is causing addicts to turn to other addictive substances such as
1401:
281:
In response to the growing problems with narcotics abuse, a number of states have tightened their laws. In
Kentucky, for example, a law to improve monitoring of prescription practices, known as the
103:
for non-existent or exaggerated pain. The primary purpose behind this prescribing practice is not to relieve pain or cure it, but to make high profits. This makes pill mills a criminal enterprise.
1302:
239:, as clients who take these drugs over a long period of time become accustomed to them and may need higher doses to achieve the same alleviating or pleasurable effect (
124:. Additionally, long queues are visible in front of the facilities, parking spaces in front of or near the facility are heavily frequented, and security personnel or
1038:
Chubinski, Jennifer; Walsh, Sarah; Sallee, Toby; Rademacher, Eric (Autumn 2014). "Painkiller Misuse among
Appalachians and in Appalachian Counties in Kentucky".
915:
1012:
270:
Excessive prescription practice, negligent and absurd practice, and the promotion of drug addiction and illegal drug trafficking are violations of
1108:
527:
120:; alternatives to treatment with tablets are not discussed; strong painkillers are prescribed; and prescriptions can only be redeemed at certain
200:. He hired more doctors to run new practices. Some took over the business idea of the "godfather of pill mills" and later became self-employed.
83:
1312:
106:
Characteristics of such facilities include that they are often owned by non-medical personnel and only cash is accepted (no credit cards or
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176:
in 1979. In the mid-1980s, he was one of the first to prescribe painkillers that often contained opiates; he also combined them with
1588:
1253:"The effectiveness of prescription drug monitoring programs at reducing opioid-related harms and consequences: a systematic review"
553:"Pill mills, occupational offending, and situational crime prevention: a framework for analyzing offender behavior and adaptation"
387:"Pill mills, occupational offending, and situational crime prevention: a framework for analyzing offender behavior and adaptation"
682:""First, Do No Harm": Criminal Prosecutions of Doctors for Distributing Controlled Substances Outside of Legitimate Medical Need"
1088:
310:, with many heroin addicts generally claiming that they have previously abused prescription opioids. Addicts also switched to
1001:
806:
426:
407:
107:
1233:
1205:"New Kentucky "Pill Mill Bill" Places New Restrictions on Pain Management Facilities and Controlled Substances Prescribing"
68:
1374:
351:
since 2007, focused on pill mills in episodes 137 (first broadcast: March 2017) and 152 (first broadcast: March 2018).
1555:
1402:"Current TV's Documentary Series 'Vanguard' Receives 69th Annual Peabody Award and 2010 Television Academy Honor"
1155:
832:"'Dreamland' Author Takes an Opioid Epidemic Trip — Investigative journalist Sam Quinones talks about the crisis"
505:
298:
275:
28:
1498:
1307:
1210:
1024:
372:
333:, which follows the sales channels of pill mills in Florida, received further awards and nominations for the
1473:
1447:
528:"Jasper Pain Clinic Physician Sentenced To Nearly Three Years In Prison For Illegally Dispensing Narcotics"
1521:"Netflix's The Pharmacist Depicts the True Story of Grieving Father's Fight Against the Opioid Epidemic"
91:, wait on the sidewalk until it's their turn. Surveillance footage from the Palm Beach Sheriff's Office.
1593:
1118:
916:"Pawankumar Jain Pleads Guilty to Unlawfully Dispensing Prescription Painkillers and Health Care Fraud"
362:
289:
286:
994:
American Pain. How a Young Felon and His Ring of
Doctors Unleashed America's Deadliest Drug Epidemic
940:
Dyer, Owen (2015-05-13). "Doctors in New York "pill mill" worked under daily threats, court hears".
419:
American Pain. How a Young Felon and His Ring of
Doctors Unleashed America's Deadliest Drug Epidemic
1420:
764:
1025:"Thirty-two Indicted in Broward and Palm Beach Countries in Second Coordinated Pill Mill Takedown"
224:
88:
1251:
Rhodes, Emily; Wilson, Maria; Robinson, Alysia; Hayden, Jill A.; Asbridge, Mark (2019-11-01).
1125:
169:
56:
1059:
1027:(Press release). United States Attorney's Office. Southern District of Florida. 2011-08-23.
831:
260:
141:
48:
8:
769:
235:
Facilitated access to powerful painkillers is contributing to the opioid epidemic in the
990:
For the extensive pill mill business of twin brothers
Christopher and Jeffrey Georg see
193:
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1252:
1183:
1055:
973:
740:
715:
622:
597:
572:
462:
437:
348:
330:
247:. When used regularly, the foreign opiates can replace the functions of the body's own
161:
96:
243:
with subsequent high-dose dependence). In addition, the opiates in these drugs have a
39:
is an illegal facility that resembles a regular pain clinic, but regularly prescribes
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997:
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125:
64:
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114:, or X-rays are not required; medical examinations are not performed or are merely
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165:
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24:
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and laws. For this reason, a large number of police operations, measures by the
19:
1425:
1016:
731:
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568:
495:
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343:
297:), has been in effect since 2012. By 2012, 41 U.S. states had implemented such
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60:
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181:
1089:"Why were millions of opioid pills sent to a West Virginia town of 3,000?"
1379:
857:
188:. His business expanded with the advent of OxyContin (active ingredient:
1550:
1175:
In 2010, for example, around 400 pill mills in
Florida were closed. See
1126:"Woman at center of East Tennessee pill mill investigation found guilty"
1412:
883:
334:
248:
212:
203:
Pill mills subsequently spread to other states, including for instance
133:
72:
1234:"Why Missouri's The Last Holdout On A Statewide Rx Monitoring Program"
953:
920:
Department of
Justice. U.S. Attorney's Office. District of New Mexico
252:
189:
157:
116:
52:
40:
385:
Moreto, William D.; Gau, Jacinta M.; Brooke, Erika J. (April 2019).
156:
David
Herbert Procter is considered the inventor of pill mills. The
87:
Customers at a pill mill in
Florida, which was operated by Jeff and
1570:
1452:
654:
311:
302:
244:
716:"Prescription Drug Abuse & Diversion: Role of the Pain Clinic"
598:"Prescription Drug Abuse & Diversion: Role of the Pain Clinic"
438:"Prescription Drug Abuse & Diversion: Role of the Pain Clinic"
71:
and are the subject of a number of legislative initiatives at the
1129:
901:
368:
293:
220:
714:
Rigg, Khary K.; March, Samantha J.; Inciardi, James A. (2010).
525:
436:
Rigg, Khary K.; March, Samantha J.; Inciardi, James A. (2010).
307:
100:
1037:
1075:
For the
Kentucky example see Chubinski, et al., 2014, p. 158.
208:
185:
1507:
Interview with Morgan Dixon, chief manicurist of the series
1013:"American Pain: The Largest U.S. Pill Mill's Rise and Fall"
795:
Dreamland : the true tale of America's opiate epidemic
1250:
371:
in 2020, shows how Dan Schneider uncovered a pill mill in
1109:"Dozens arrested for running alleged Houston 'pill mill'"
400:
Dreamland. The true tale of America's new opiate epidemic
355:
for a pill mill plays an important role in the TV series
136:, pill mills' managers tend to run their facilities like
551:
Moreto, William; Gau, Jacinta M.; Brooke, Erika (2020).
1375:"Fourth Television Academy Honors Entries Now Accepted"
263:, cost-intensive treatment of addictions and frequent
78:
1303:"How is heroin linked to prescription drug abuse?"
713:
595:
435:
1580:
67:only against cash. Pill mills contribute to the
942:British Medical Journal (Clinical Research Ed.)
550:
384:
643:
641:
526:Drug Enforcement Administration (2016-04-08).
63:. Clients of these facilities usually receive
219:. They gained great importance especially in
868:(1 (Autumn 2015)/2 (Winter 2016)): 136–139.
675:
673:
671:
1563:
638:
596:Rigg KK, March SJ, Inciardi JA (Jul 2010).
1332:Centers for Disease Control and Prevention
882:
1278:
1268:
739:
668:
621:
544:
461:
151:
789:
397:
259:leads to increasing numbers of cases in
82:
18:
1518:
1176:
1086:
765:"The Pill Mill That Ravaged Portsmouth"
647:
341:(2010). The American television series
1581:
1496:
1179:"Florida Shutting 'Pill Mill' Clinics"
996:. Guilford, Connecticut: Lyons Press.
991:
679:
421:. Guilford, Connecticut: Lyons Press.
416:
99:or staff supervised by them prescribe
1231:
1106:
1010:
829:
1497:Harvin, Darian Symoné (2019-10-06).
1421:"The OxyContin Express (Current TV)"
1363:– via The Documentary Network.
939:
69:opioid epidemic in the United States
762:
13:
402:. New York, NY: Bloomsbury Press.
79:Business model and characteristics
14:
1605:
1543:
314:, often with fatal consequences.
146:trade their medications to others
1549:
1209:Taft Stettinius & Hollister
375:through private investigations.
301:, and by 2019 all states except
1589:Healthcare in the United States
1512:
1490:
1466:
1440:
1394:
1367:
1346:
1319:
1295:
1244:
1225:
1197:
1177:Alvarez, Lizette (2011-08-31).
1169:
1156:Drug Enforcement Administration
1143:
1078:
1069:
1031:
984:
933:
908:
875:
850:
506:Timeline of the opioid epidemic
299:prescription monitoring program
276:Drug Enforcement Administration
230:
43:(narcotics) without sufficient
1519:Gajanan, Mahita (2020-02-06).
1040:Journal of Appalachian Studies
1011:Felix, Gillette (2012-06-06).
823:
783:
756:
707:
589:
518:
347:, which has been dealing with
317:
196:of the pharmaceutical company
1:
1554:The dictionary definition of
1308:National Institutes of Health
1087:McGreal, Chris (2019-10-02).
830:Firth, Shannon (2016-11-26).
511:
378:
373:St. Bernard Parish, Louisiana
1474:"American Greed (Season 12)"
1448:"American Greed (Season 11)"
1327:"Understanding the Epidemic"
1257:BMC Health Services Research
1232:Weber, Lauren (2019-05-20).
1107:Coote, Darryl (2019-08-29).
140:. Clients of pill mills are
110:payments). Medical records,
7:
1060:10.5406/jappastud.20.2.0154
1052:10.5406/jappastud.20.2.0154
797:(ePub ed.). New York:
692:(II): 40–46. Archived from
648:Malbran, Pia (2007-05-31).
479:
223:. There, the pill mills of
10:
1610:
1564:Pia Malbran (2007-05-31).
1437:(Recording of the tribute)
1151:"Pill Mill Search Results"
763:Eil, Philip (2017-07-05).
732:10.1177/002204261004000307
614:10.1177/002204261004000307
569:10.1057/s41284-019-00180-y
454:10.1177/002204261004000307
227:had a prominent position.
1270:10.1186/s12913-019-4642-8
1499:"Nail Tips from 'Claws'"
1404:. Current TV. 2010-04-07
1128:. Knoxville, Tennessee:
325:, a 2009 documentary by
1354:"The OxyContin Express"
142:addicted to medications
888:"Report on Pill Mills"
602:Journal of Drug Issues
398:Quinones, Sam (2015).
160:doctor established an
152:Origin and development
92:
32:
1566:"What's A Pill Mill?"
1335:(2020-03-19 ed.)
992:Temple, John (2015).
650:"What's A Pill Mill?"
417:Temple, John (2015).
323:The OxyContin Express
170:South Shore, Kentucky
86:
22:
1383:. Television Academy
251:, resulting in high
49:physical examination
862:Appalachian Journal
770:Cincinnati Magazine
337:in addition to the
16:Illegal pain clinic
1503:The New York Times
1238:Kaiser Health News
1184:The New York Times
892:Dan Rather Reports
361:. The documentary
349:white-collar crime
331:Mariana van Zeller
93:
57:medical monitoring
33:
1594:Commercial crimes
1003:978-1-4930-0738-7
954:10.1136/bmj.h2596
808:978-1-62040-250-4
428:978-1-4930-0738-7
409:978-1-62040-250-4
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557:Security Journal
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391:Security Journal
353:Money laundering
174:Portsmouth, Ohio
164:specializing in
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1417:(Press release)
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501:Opioid epidemic
491:Substance abuse
486:Doctor shopping
482:
429:
410:
381:
320:
261:emergency rooms
245:euphoric effect
233:
178:benzodiazepines
154:
95:In pill mills,
81:
45:medical history
31:photo from 2015
25:Jasper, Alabama
23:A pill mill in
17:
12:
11:
5:
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1596:
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1545:
1544:External links
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1539:
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1511:
1489:
1465:
1439:
1426:Peabody Awards
1393:
1366:
1345:
1318:
1315:on 2014-02-28.
1294:
1243:
1224:
1196:
1168:
1142:
1077:
1068:
1046:(2): 154–169.
1030:
1017:Bloomberg News
1002:
983:
932:
907:
886:(2013-01-15).
874:
849:
822:
807:
782:
755:
726:(3): 681–702.
706:
686:NAGTRI Journal
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608:(3): 681–701.
588:
563:(2): 161–178.
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496:Drug diversion
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448:(3): 681–702.
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367:, released on
364:The Pharmacist
344:American Greed
319:
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283:Pill Mill Bill
272:medical ethics
241:drug tolerance
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166:pain treatment
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62:
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1569:
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1530:. Retrieved
1524:
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1481:. Retrieved
1477:
1468:
1457:. Retrieved
1451:
1442:
1430:. Retrieved
1424:
1411:– via
1406:. Retrieved
1396:
1385:. Retrieved
1378:
1369:
1358:. Retrieved
1348:
1337:. Retrieved
1330:
1321:
1313:the original
1306:
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1260:
1256:
1246:
1237:
1227:
1216:. Retrieved
1214:. 2012-05-08
1208:
1199:
1188:. Retrieved
1182:
1171:
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