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Phyletic gradualism

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59: 31: 20: 614: 601: 709:, which proposes that most evolution occurs isolated in rare episodes of rapid evolution, when a single species splits into two distinct species, followed by a long period of stasis or non-change. These models both contrast with variable-speed evolution ("variable speedism"), which maintains that different species evolve at different rates, and that there is no reason to stress one rate of change over another. 901: 746:, Darwin stated that "Species of different genera and classes have not changed at the same rate, or in the same degree. In the oldest tertiary beds a few living shells may still be found in the midst of a multitude of extinct forms... The Silurian 762:, Darwin wrote that "the periods during which species have undergone modification, though long as measured in years, have probably been short in comparison with the periods during which they retain the same form". 817:φυλετικός phūletikos originates from φυλέτης phūletēs "one of the same tribe," from φυλή phulē, "clan, race, people", derived from φύεσθαι phuesthai, "to descend, to originate." 330: 645: 253: 564: 372: 78: 883: 866: 758:
is among the few brachiopods surviving today but also known from fossils over 500 million years old. In the fifth edition of
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is slow, uniform and gradual. When evolution occurs in this mode, it is usually by the steady transformation of a whole
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argues that constant-rate gradualism is not present in the professional literature, thereby the term serves only as a
837: 100: 677:). In this view no clear line of demarcation exists between an ancestral species and a descendant species, unless 357: 325: 579: 362: 38:
or by relatively rapid episodes of gradual evolution, since 10,000 years barely registers in the fossil record.
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Phyletic gradualism, top, would consist of steady evolutionary change in small steps, in contrast to
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The distinction between phyletic gradualism and punctuated equilibrium models
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differs but little from the living species of this genus".
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himself was not a constant-rate gradualist, as suggested by
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Apparently sudden changes can be explained either by
722:for punctuated-equilibrium advocates. In his book 919: 852:. Sunderland MA: Sinauer Associates, pp. 86-89 639: 646: 632: 673:into a new one (through a process called 832:. New York: W. W. Norton & Company. 29: 18: 808:. San Francisco: Freeman Cooper. p. 84. 920: 681:occurs. The theory is contrasted with 800:Eldredge, N. and S. J. Gould (1972). 794: 13: 882:London: John Murray. 5th edition, 865:London: John Murray. 1st edition, 14: 944: 893: 899: 613: 612: 599: 57: 606:Evolutionary biology portal 872: 855: 842: 820: 811: 565:Creation–evolution controversy 319:History of evolutionary theory 16:Theory in evolutionary biology 1: 787: 550:Evolution as fact and theory 7: 765: 10: 949: 740:. In the first edition of 688: 665:which theorizes that most 585:Nature-nurture controversy 472:Evolutionary neuroscience 447:Evolutionary epistemology 427:Evolutionary anthropology 407:Applications of evolution 863:On the origin of species 848:Futuyma, Douglas. 2005. 826:Dawkins, Richard. 1996. 743:On the Origin of Species 728:, Dawkins observes that 462:Evolutionary linguistics 457:Evolutionary game theory 432:Evolutionary computation 804:In T.J.M. Schopf, ed., 575:Objections to evolution 482:Evolutionary psychology 477:Evolutionary physiology 422:Evolutionary aesthetics 401:Fields and applications 383:History of paleontology 878:Charles Darwin, 1869. 861:Charles Darwin, 1859. 806:Models in Paleobiology 772:Punctuated equilibrium 713:Evolutionary biologist 707:punctuated equilibrium 683:punctuated equilibrium 507:Speciation experiments 487:Experimental evolution 442:Evolutionary economics 264:Recent human evolution 122:Processes and outcomes 39: 27: 25:punctuated equilibrium 880:The Origin of Species 777:Punctuated gradualism 760:The Origin of Species 467:Evolutionary medicine 412:Biosocial criminology 378:History of speciation 291:Evolutionary taxonomy 254:Timeline of evolution 33: 22: 928:Evolutionary biology 908:at Wikimedia Commons 829:The Blind Watchmaker 725:The Blind Watchmaker 437:Evolutionary ecology 51:Evolutionary biology 906:Phyletic gradualism 659:Phyletic gradualism 539:Social implications 527:Universal Darwinism 517:Island biogeography 452:Evolutionary ethics 417:Ecological genetics 363:Molecular evolution 301:Transitional fossil 129:Population genetics 45:Part of a series on 570:Theistic evolution 502:Selective breeding 214:Parallel evolution 179:Adaptive radiation 40: 28: 933:Rate of evolution 904:Media related to 782:Quantum evolution 738:Stephen Jay Gould 697:derives from the 656: 655: 347:Origin of Species 149:Natural selection 940: 914:- by Mark Ridley 903: 887: 876: 870: 859: 853: 846: 840: 824: 818: 815: 809: 798: 648: 641: 634: 621: 616: 615: 608: 604: 603: 580:Level of support 373:Current research 358:Modern synthesis 353:Before synthesis 306:Extinction event 64:Darwin's finches 61: 42: 41: 948: 947: 943: 942: 941: 939: 938: 937: 918: 917: 896: 891: 890: 877: 873: 860: 856: 847: 843: 825: 821: 816: 812: 799: 795: 790: 768: 716:Richard Dawkins 691: 652: 611: 598: 597: 590: 589: 540: 532: 531: 402: 394: 393: 392: 320: 312: 311: 310: 259:Human evolution 249:History of life 233: 232:Natural history 225: 224: 223: 123: 115: 70: 17: 12: 11: 5: 946: 936: 935: 930: 916: 915: 909: 895: 894:External links 892: 889: 888: 871: 854: 841: 819: 810: 792: 791: 789: 786: 785: 784: 779: 774: 767: 764: 734:Niles Eldredge 730:Charles Darwin 690: 687: 661:is a model of 654: 653: 651: 650: 643: 636: 628: 625: 624: 623: 622: 609: 592: 591: 588: 587: 582: 577: 572: 567: 562: 560:Social effects 557: 552: 547: 541: 538: 537: 534: 533: 530: 529: 524: 519: 514: 509: 504: 499: 494: 489: 484: 479: 474: 469: 464: 459: 454: 449: 444: 439: 434: 429: 424: 419: 414: 409: 403: 400: 399: 396: 395: 391: 390: 380: 375: 370: 365: 360: 355: 350: 343: 338: 333: 328: 322: 321: 318: 317: 314: 313: 309: 308: 303: 298: 293: 288: 286:Classification 283: 278: 273: 268: 267: 266: 256: 251: 246: 244:Common descent 241: 239:Origin of life 235: 234: 231: 230: 227: 226: 222: 221: 216: 211: 206: 201: 196: 191: 186: 181: 176: 171: 166: 161: 156: 151: 146: 141: 136: 131: 125: 124: 121: 120: 117: 116: 114: 113: 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342: 339: 337: 336:Before Darwin 334: 332: 329: 327: 324: 323: 316: 315: 307: 304: 302: 299: 297: 294: 292: 289: 287: 284: 282: 279: 277: 274: 272: 269: 265: 262: 261: 260: 257: 255: 252: 250: 247: 245: 242: 240: 237: 236: 229: 228: 220: 217: 215: 212: 210: 207: 205: 202: 200: 197: 195: 192: 190: 187: 185: 182: 180: 177: 175: 172: 170: 167: 165: 164:Genetic drift 162: 160: 157: 155: 152: 150: 147: 145: 142: 140: 137: 135: 132: 130: 127: 126: 119: 118: 112: 109: 107: 104: 102: 99: 98: 95: 92: 90: 87: 85: 82: 80: 77: 76: 74: 73: 69: 65: 60: 56: 55: 52: 49: 48: 44: 43: 37: 36:macromutation 32: 26: 21: 879: 874: 862: 857: 849: 844: 827: 822: 813: 805: 796: 759: 754: 752: 747: 741: 723: 711: 702: 694: 692: 658: 657: 512:Sociobiology 497:Paleontology 345: 281:Biogeography 276:Biodiversity 194:Coextinction 184:Co-operation 159:Polymorphism 84:Introduction 522:Systematics 331:Renaissance 209:Convergence 199:Contingency 189:Coevolution 922:Categories 788:References 703:phūletikos 701:φυλετικός 675:anagenesis 667:speciation 296:Cladistics 219:Extinction 204:Divergence 174:Speciation 154:Adaptation 68:John Gould 850:Evolution 720:straw-man 693:The word 679:splitting 663:evolution 555:Dysgenics 271:Phylogeny 169:Gene flow 139:Diversity 134:Variation 766:See also 695:phyletic 619:Category 545:Eugenics 387:timeline 368:Evo-devo 326:Overview 144:Mutation 106:Evidence 101:Glossary 755:Lingula 748:Lingula 689:History 671:species 111:History 94:Outline 884:p. 551 867:p. 313 836:  617:  341:Darwin 699:Greek 79:Index 834:ISBN 736:and 89:Main 66:by 924:: 685:. 886:. 869:. 647:e 640:t 633:v 389:) 385:(

Index


punctuated equilibrium

macromutation
Evolutionary biology

Darwin's finches
John Gould
Index
Introduction
Main
Outline
Glossary
Evidence
History
Population genetics
Variation
Diversity
Mutation
Natural selection
Adaptation
Polymorphism
Genetic drift
Gene flow
Speciation
Adaptive radiation
Co-operation
Coevolution
Coextinction
Contingency

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