4929:- Direkt Metal Mastering). Das ersparte zwei Zwischenkopien im Produktionsablauf, was nicht nur schneller ging, sondern auch zu einer erheblich besseren Qualität führte. Zur weiteren Steigerung der Klangqualität wurde das UC-Kompandersystem (UC - Universal Compatible) eingesetzt. Damit wurden beim Schneiden der Platte die leisen Töne etwas lauter und die lauten entsprechend leiser überspielt. Wendet man bei der Wiedergabe das umgekehrte Verfahren an, werden mit den leisen Tönen auch die Störungen abgeschwächt und die lauten Stellen verzerren nicht und nutzen sich weniger ab. All das geschah so vorsichtig, dass man die Platte auch ohne Expander bei der Wiedergabe noch genussvoll anhören konnte. Zum Glück, denn es hätte sowieso nur einen Plattenspieler gegeben, der über eine entsprechende Schaltung verfügte und der war sehr teuer. Vermutlich aus diesem Grund hat man auf eine weithin sichtbare Kennzeichnung der mit diesem Verfahren aufgenommenen Platten verzichtet. Nur in der Gravur zwischen den Auslaufrillen kann man am angehängten U den Einsatz des Kompressors erkennen Das vorliegende Programm erfüllt die Aufgabe eines UC-Expanders, mit dem Sie eine im
4857:
Durch einen sich kontinuierlich wandelnden
Kompressionsgrad von 5:3 (0 dB) bis 1:1 (−20 dB) erzielt man eine effektive StörunterdrĂĽckung von 10 dB. Die Expansion erfolgt spiegelverkehrt. Auch ohne den Einsatz eines entsprechenden UC-Expanders bleiben durch das"flieĂźende"Verfahren die Ein- und Ausklingvorgänge in ihrer Homogenität und auch die Raumabbildung der Tonaufzeichnung weitestgehend erhalten. Die gewinnbringende Nutzung des UC-Kompanderverfahrens stellt den Anwender vor ein kaum lösbares Problem, da die ökonomischen Rahmenbedingungen und die zentrale Planung der Geräteentwicklung in der DDR die Herstellung eines Serienproduktes untergruben. Letztlich existieren nur einige Labormuster in den Händen der an dem Verfahren beteiligten Entwickler. Ein Versuch nach 1990, mit dem Verfahren erneut FuĂź zu fassen, scheiterte an der international bereits von der Industrie vollzogenen, umfassenden Digitalisierung der Heimwiedergabe. Vom VEB Deutsche Schallplatten wurden in den Jahren 1983 bis 1990 weit mehr als 500 verschiedene UC-codierte Schallplatten der Marken
2360:, the compact disc has a frequency response of 20 Hz up to 22,050 Hz, and most CD players measure flat within a fraction of a decibel from at least 0 Hz to 20 kHz at full output. Due to the distance required between grooves, it is not possible for an LP to reproduce as low frequencies as a CD. Additionally, turntable rumble and acoustic feedback obscures the low-end limit of vinyl but the upper end can be, with some cartridges, reasonably flat within a few decibels to 30 kHz, with gentle roll-off. Carrier signals of Quad LPs popular in the 1970s were at 30 kHz to be out of the range of human hearing. The average human auditory system is sensitive to frequencies from 20 Hz to a maximum of around 20,000 Hz. The upper and lower frequency limits of human hearing vary per person. High frequency sensitivity decreases as a person ages, a process called
2017: rpm, small-spindle-hole singles. This format was soon dropped as it became clear that the RCA Victor 45 was the single of choice and the Columbia 12-inch LP would be the album of choice. The first release of the 45 came in seven colors: black 47-xxxx popular series, yellow 47-xxxx juvenile series, green (teal) 48-xxxx country series, deep red 49-xxxx classical series, bright red (cerise) 50-xxxx blues/spiritual series, light blue 51-xxxx international series, dark blue 52-xxxx light classics. Most colors were soon dropped in favor of black because of production problems. However, yellow and deep red were continued until about 1952. The first 45 rpm record created for sale was "PeeWee the Piccolo" RCA Victor 47-0147 pressed in yellow translucent vinyl at the Sherman Avenue plant, Indianapolis on 7 December 1948, by R. O. Price, plant manager.
2469:
the distributors began charging retailers more for new products if they returned unsold vinyl, and then they stopped providing any credit at all for returns. Retailers, fearing they would be stuck with anything they ordered, only ordered proven, popular titles that they knew would sell, and devoted more shelf space to CDs and cassettes. Record companies also removed many vinyl titles from production and distribution, further undermining the availability of the format and leading to the closure of pressing plants. This rapid decline in the availability of records accelerated the format's decline in popularity, and is seen by some as a deliberate ploy to make consumers switch to CDs, which unlike today, were more profitable for the record companies.
1593:
4671:. This common fault of noise-reduction systems has been eliminated in High-Com II. Listen also to High-Com II's remarkable ability to accurately preserve musical transients. They are neither muted nor exaggerated nor edgy as with other companders. This accuracy of reproduction—on all types of music, at all frequencies, and at all levels—is what distinguishes High-Com II from other noise-reduction systems. Unlike simple companders, High-Com II is optimized differently for signals of different strength and different frequencies. Low-level signals are processed for maximum noise reduction, high-level ones for minimum distortion. This sophisticated technique assumes maximum
1166:
2290:). One technical advantage with vinyl compared to the optical CD is that if correctly handled and stored, the vinyl record can be playable for decades and possibly centuries, which is longer than some versions of the optical CD. For vinyl records to be playable for years to come, they need to be handled with care and stored properly. Guidelines for proper vinyl storage include not stacking records on top of each other, avoiding heat or direct sunlight and placing them in a temperature-controlled area that help prevent vinyl records from warping and scratching. Collectors store their records in a variety of boxes, cubes, shelves and racks.
1936:
6255:"Allt fler köper vinylskivor. Trenden med att köpa vinylskivor fortsätter. Sedan 2006 har försäljningen globalt ökat från drygt 3,1 miljoner sålda exemplar jämfört med 31,5 miljoner sålda exemplar 2015. Trots att allt fler vinylskivor säljs är det dock bara en väldigt liten del av skivförsäljningen. I Sverige såldes det förra året 384.000 vinylskivor jämfört med 3.342.000 cd-skivor. De artister som säljer mest är oftast äldre artister och skivor. Mest såld i år är David Bowies sista skiva Black-star. Andra populära artister är Beatles, Led Zeppelin och Adele."
1422: rpm); with changer, a tall spindle that would hold several records and automatically drop a new record on top of the previous one when it had finished playing, a combination cartridge with both 78 and microgroove styli and a way to flip between the two; and some kind of adapter for playing the 45s with their larger center hole. The adapter could be a small solid circle that fit onto the bottom of the spindle (meaning only one 45 could be played at a time) or a larger adapter that fit over the entire spindle, permitting a stack of 45s to be played.
6257:– or in English – "More and more buy vinyl records. The trend to buy vinyl records continues. Since 2006 has the global sales increased from approximately 3.1 million sold records to 31.5 million in 2015. Despite this, is it still a small part of the total record sale. In Sweden was 384.000 vinyl records sold last year (=2015) compared to 3.342.000 CD records. The artists who sell most ar usually older artists and records.(comment - bad Swedish in original text is reflected and translated) Most sold in this year (=2016) was David Bowie's last record,
1107:
1348:(EP), which achieved up to 10–15 minutes play at the expense of attenuating (and possibly compressing) the sound to reduce the width required by the groove. EP discs were cheaper to produce and were used in cases where unit sales were likely to be more limited or to reissue LP albums on the smaller format for those people who had only 45 rpm players. LP albums could be purchased one EP at a time, with four items per EP, or in a boxed set with three EPs or twelve items. The large center hole on 45s allows easier handling by
737:... the time has come for serious musical criticism to take account of performances of great music reproduced by means of the records. To claim that the records have succeeded in exact and complete reproduction of all details of symphonic or operatic performances ... would be extravagant ... the article of today is so far in advance of the old machines as hardly to admit classification under the same name. Electrical recording and reproduction have combined to retain vitality and color in recitals by proxy.
150:
460:
47:
750:
782:: ', that is a band. This is the first time I have ever heard music with any soul to it produced by a mechanical talking machine' ... The new instrument is a feat of mathematics and physics. It is not the result of innumerable experiments, but was worked out on paper in advance of being built in the laboratory ... The new machine has a range of from 100 to 5,000 , or five and a half octaves ... The 'phonograph tone' is eliminated by the new recording and reproducing process.
1498:, it can be demonstrated that out of the new horizontal and vertical directions, one would represent the sum of the two channels, and the other representing the difference. Record makers decide to pick the directions such that the traditional horizontal direction codes for the sum. As a result, an ordinary mono disk is decoded correctly as "no difference between channels", and an ordinary mono player would simply play the sum of a stereophonic record without too much loss of information.
1257:
2065:
508:
1561:(RFT). The system deliberately reduced disk noise by 10 to 12 dB(A) only to remain virtually free of recognizable acoustical artifacts even when records were played back without an UC expander. In fact, the system was undocumented yet introduced into the market by several East-German record labels since 1983. Over 500 UC-encoded titles were produced without an expander becoming available to the public. The only UC expander was built into a turntable manufactured by
227:
10319:
544:
1099:
2349:
the digital recording is an idealized representation of a physical soundwave, while an analog recording captures the physical vibrations across their full frequency. Because most modern vinyl records are made from playbacks of files recorded digitally, there is no out-of-bounds audio to transfer to the disc. Vinyl's drawbacks, however, include surface noise, less resolution due to a lower dynamic range, and greater sensitivity to handling. Modern
1479:
654:
1115:
2142:
1058:. The records were made of vinyl, however, and some of the earlier vintage 78-rpm jukeboxes and record players (the ones that were pre-war) were designed with heavy tone arms to play the hard slate-impregnated shellac records of their time. These vinyl Rhino 78s were softer and would be destroyed by old juke boxes and old record players, but play well on newer 78-capable turntables with modern lightweight tone arms and jewel needles.
2275:
2306:
disc with 30–40 dB of stereo separation at 1,000 Hz, but the playback cartridges had lesser performance of about 20 to 30 dB of separation at 1000 Hz, with separation decreasing as frequency increased, such that at 12 kHz the separation was about 10–15 dB. A common modern view is that stereo isolation must be higher than this to achieve a proper stereo soundstage. However, in the 1950s the
594:
2327: rpm microgroove LP lead to a tinny pre-echo warning of upcoming loud sounds. The cutting stylus unavoidably transfers some of the subsequent groove wall's impulse signal into the previous groove wall. It is discernible by some listeners throughout certain recordings, but a quiet passage followed by a loud sound allows anyone to hear a faint pre-echo of the loud sound occurring 1.8 seconds ahead of time.
10306:
8925:
8764:
2584:
4933:-format digitalisierte Schallplattenaufnahme bearbeiten können, um nun endlich den Klang genießen zu können, den Sie damals erworben haben. Bis dahin gibt es aber noch eine Schwierigkeit. Zur richtigen Einstellung des Programmes benötigen Sie eine Schallplatte, auf der ein Bezugspegelton aufgezeichnet ist, wie das bei den, dem Plattenspieler beiliegenen, Testplatten der Fall war.
3983:
3953:
2426:
742:
2373:
1337:
2667:
1181:
handled 78s. Also like 78s, the short playing time of a single 45 rpm side meant that long works, such as symphonies and operas, had to be released on multiple 45s instead of a single LP, but RCA Victor claimed that the new high-speed changer rendered side breaks so brief as to be inconsequential. Early 45 rpm records were made from either vinyl or
2389:
comfortable. Nonetheless, in order to ensure the longevity and optimal performance of your vinyl records, there are a few accessories and cleaning supplies that are widely used. Slipmats provide a soft and cushioned surface between the record and the turntable platter, minimizing friction and preventing potential scratches or damage to the vinyl surface
409:
revolutions per minute, although that speed only became standardized in the late 1920s. In the late 1940s new formats pressed in vinyl, the 45 rpm single and 33 rpm long playing "LP", were introduced, gradually overtaking the formerly standard "78s" over the next decade. The late 1950s saw the introduction of stereophonic sound on commercial discs.
2056:, a four-time Grammy winner. The demonstration offered the first simulations of what HD Vinyl records are likely to sound like, ahead of actual HD vinyl physical record production. Loibl discussed the software "Perfect Groove" at a presentation titled "Vinyl 4.0 The next generation of making records" before offering demonstrations to attendees.
479:, eventually improved the mechanism of the gramophone with a spring motor and a speed regulating governor, resulting in a sound quality equal to Edison's cylinders. Abandoning Berliner's "Gramophone" trademark for legal reasons in the United States, Johnson's and Berliner's separate companies reorganized in 1901 to form the
1458:
After 1949 a variety of improvements in recording and playback technologies, especially stereo recordings, which became widely available in 1958, gave a boost to the "hi-fi" classification of products, leading to sales of individual components for the home such as amplifiers, loudspeakers, phonographs, and tape players.
836:
for two minutes, the same as cylinder records. The 12-inch disc, introduced by Victor in 1903, increased the playing time to three and a half minutes. Because the standard 10-inch 78 rpm record could hold about three minutes of sound per side, most popular recordings were limited to that duration. For example, when
2664:
625:, which vibrated the cutting stylus. Sensitivity and frequency range were poor, and frequency response was irregular, giving acoustic recordings an instantly recognizable tonal quality. A singer almost had to put their face in the recording horn. A way of reducing resonance was to wrap the recording horn with tape.
4872:
veröffentlicht. Alle entsprechend aufgezeichneten
Schallplatten tragen im Spiegel der Auslaufrille zusätzlich zur Matrizengravur ein U. Auf eine äußere, gut sichtbare Kennzeichnung wurde, im Sinne der hervorragenden Kompatibilität des Verfahrens bei einer konventionellen Wiedergabe und in Ermangelung
2504:
began in the late 2000s, mainly among rock fans. The
Entertainment Retailers Association in the United Kingdom found in 2011 that consumers were willing to pay on average £16.30 (€19.37, US$ 25.81) for a single vinyl record, as opposed to £7.82 (€9.30, US$ 12.38) for a CD and £6.80 (€8.09, US$ 10.76)
2392:
Where old disc recordings are considered to be of artistic or historic interest, from before the era of tape or where no tape master exists, archivists play back the disc on suitable equipment and record the result, typically onto a digital format, which can be copied and manipulated to remove analog
2348:
since the digital disc was introduced. In large part, the claim for vinyl superiority is due to the necessity for digital recordings to presume upper and lower bounds, sampling the tones and soundwaves within those limits and using the resulting information to store and recall the audio. Effectively,
2468:
surpassed the gramophone record in unit sales. Vinyl records experienced a sudden decline in popularity between 1988 and 1991, when the major label distributors restricted their return policies, which retailers had been relying on to maintain and swap out stocks of relatively unpopular titles. First
2043:
4.8 million in funding to develop high definition vinyl records that purport to contain longer play times, louder volumes and higher fidelity than conventional vinyl LPs. Rebeat
Innovation, headed by CEO GĂĽnter Loibl, has called the format 'HD Vinyl'. The HD process works by converting audio to
1490:
phonograph provides two channels of audio, one left and one right. This is achieved by adding another vertical dimension of movement to the needle in addition to the horizontal one. As a result, the needle now moves not only left and right, but also up and down. But since those two dimensions do not
790:
of the 1930s, and the entire record industry in
America nearly foundered. In 1932, RCA Victor introduced a basic, inexpensive turntable called the Duo Jr., which was designed to be connected to their radio receivers. According to Edward Wallerstein (the general manager of the RCA Victor Division),
4856:
entwickelter, breitbandiger
Kompander zur Codierung von Schallplatten. Das UC-Kompandersystem (universal compatible) nutzt die Möglichkeit durch den Einsatz sogenannter Logarithmierer, den Verstärkungsvorgang fließend zu gestalten und ein abruptes Umschalten bei niedrigen Signalpegeln zu vermeiden.
2282:
A further limitation of the gramophone record is that fidelity steadily declines as playback progresses; there is more vinyl per second available for fine reproduction of high frequencies at the large-diameter beginning of the groove than exist at the smaller diameters close to the end of the side.
835:
The playing time of a phonograph record is directly proportional to the available groove length divided by the turntable speed. Total groove length in turn depends on how closely the grooves are spaced, in addition to the record diameter. At the beginning of the 20th century, the early discs played
2397:
uses a specially built horn record player to transfer 78s. Anyone can do this using a standard record player with a suitable pickup, a phono-preamp (pre-amplifier) and a typical personal computer. However, for accurate transfer, professional archivists carefully choose the correct stylus shape and
2305:
The stereo image was not made up of fully discrete left and right channels; each channel's signal coming out of the cartridge contained a small amount of the signal from the other channel, with more crosstalk at higher frequencies. High-quality disc cutting equipment was capable of making a master
1275:
The commercial rivalry between RCA Victor and
Columbia Records led to RCA Victor's introduction of what it had intended to be a competing vinyl format, the 7-inch (175 mm) 45 rpm disc, with a much larger center hole. For a two-year period from 1948 to 1950, record companies and consumers
2074:
Increasingly from the early 20th century, and almost exclusively since the 1920s, both sides of the record have been used to carry the grooves. Occasional records have been issued since then with a recording on only one side. In the 1980s
Columbia records briefly issued a series of less expensive
1583:
Sizes of records in the United States and the UK are generally measured in inches, e.g. 7-inch records, which are generally 45 rpm records. LPs were 10-inch records at first, but soon the 12-inch size became by far the most common. Generally, 78s were 10-inch, but 12-inch and 7-inch and even
1457:
The term "high fidelity" was coined in the 1920s by some manufacturers of radio receivers and phonographs to differentiate their better-sounding products claimed as providing "perfect" sound reproduction. The term began to be used by some audio engineers and consumers through the 1930s and 1940s.
1180:
Unwilling to accept and license
Columbia's system, in February 1949, RCA Victor released the first 45 rpm single, 7 inches in diameter with a large center hole. The 45 rpm player included a changing mechanism that allowed multiple disks to be stacked, much as a conventional changer
538:
The speed regulator was furnished with an indicator that showed the speed when the machine was running so that the records, on reproduction, could be revolved at exactly the same speed...The literature does not disclose why 78 rpm was chosen for the phonograph industry, apparently this just
863:
explained: "Gabler realized that a jam session needs room for development." The first two 12-inch recordings did not take advantage of their capability: "Carnegie Drag" was 3m 15s; "Carnegie Jump", 2m 41s. But at the second session, on 30 April, the two 12-inch recordings were longer:
691:
in the UK), and then using the amplified signal to drive an electromechanical recording head. Western
Electric's innovations resulted in a broader and smoother frequency response, which produced a dramatically fuller, clearer and more natural-sounding recording. Soft or distant sounds that were
408:
Manufacture of disc records began in the late 19th century, at first competing with earlier cylinder records. Price, ease of use and storage made the disc record dominant by the 1910s. The standard format of disc records became known to later generations as "78s" after their playback speed in
2388:
As the playing of gramophone records causes gradual degradation of the recording, they are best preserved by transferring them onto other media and playing the records as rarely as possible. They need to be stored on edge, and do best under environmental conditions that most humans would find
826:
introduced vinyl Deccalite 78s, while other record companies used various vinyl formulations trademarked as Metrolite, Merco Plastic, and Sav-o-flex, but these were mainly used to produce "unbreakable" children's records and special thin vinyl DJ pressings for shipment to radio stations.
2047:
In May 2019, at the Making Vinyl conference in Berlin, Loibl unveiled the software "Perfect Groove" for creating 3D topographic audio data files. The software provides a map for laser-engraving for HD Vinyl stampers. The audio engineering software was created with mastering engineers
3201:
166:
4816:(4 pages) (NB. Includes a detailed description of the UC system characteristics and a reference schematic developed by Milde, similar to the circuitry used in the Ziphona HMK-PA2223. According to the author he later also developed an improved version utilizing more modern ICs.)
1280:). In 1949 Capitol and Decca adopted the new LP format and RCA Victor gave in and issued its first LP in January 1950. The 45 rpm size was gaining in popularity, too, and Columbia issued its first 45s in February 1951. By 1954, 200 million 45s had been sold.
628:
Even drums, if planned and placed properly, could be effectively recorded and heard on even the earliest jazz and military band recordings. The loudest instruments such as the drums and trumpets were positioned the farthest away from the collecting horn.
3257:
3494:, "On March 21st, 1925, Alfred Cortot made for the Victor Talking Machine Co., in Camden, New Jersey, the first classical recording to employ a new technique, thanks to which the gramophone was to play an important part in musical life: electric ..."
2243:
One problem with shellac was that the size of the disks tended to be larger because it was limited to 80–100 groove walls per inch before the risk of groove collapse became too high, whereas vinyl could have up to 260 groove walls per inch.
4667:. The loud passages emerge with unprecedented clarity since they need not be recorded at so high and distortion-producing a level. Between programs, there is utter silence. We also suggest you listen closely for sounds of "breathing" and
172:
170:
167:
5491:(2010), p. 558: "The phrase 'sounding like a broken record' has been used to describe a person who says the same thing over and over again; the reference is to old records that would skip and repeat owing to scratch marks on the vinyl."
171:
1220:, but other turntables required snap-in inserts like this one to adapt Victor's larger 45 rpm spindle size to the smaller spindle size available on nearly all turntables. Shown is one popular design in use for many years.
215:, had gained a larger market share, and the record left the mainstream in 1991. Since the 1990s, records continue to be manufactured and sold on a smaller scale, and during the 1990s and early 2000s were commonly used by
427:
was invented by 1857 by Frenchman Édouard-Léon Scott de Martinville. It could not, however, play back recorded sound, as Scott intended for people to read back the tracings, which he called phonautograms. Prior to this,
1505:
two-channel records were issued first by Audio Fidelity followed by a translucent blue vinyl on Bel Canto Records, the first of which was a multi-colored-vinyl sampler featuring A Stereo Tour of Los Angeles narrated by
1352:
mechanisms. EPs were generally discontinued by the late 1950s in the U.S. as three- and four-speed record players replaced the individual 45 players. One indication of the decline of the 45 rpm EP is that the last
753:
A 10-inch blank for making an individually cut one-off recording made from Decelith, a proprietary PVC-based material produced by a German Company ECW that was used to make commercial flexible blanks prior to World War
1393:
From the mid-1950s through the 1960s, in the U.S. the common home record player or "stereo" (after the introduction of stereo recording) would typically have had these features: a three- or four-speed player (78, 45,
2283:
At the start of a groove on an LP there are 510 mm of vinyl per second traveling past the stylus while the ending of the groove gives 200–210 mm of vinyl per second—less than half the linear resolution.
2406:
format. This does no further damage to the disc and generally produces a better sound than normal playback. This technique also has the potential to allow for reconstruction of broken or otherwise damaged discs.
2509:. The resurgence accelerated throughout the 2010s, and in 2015 reached $ 416 million revenue in the US, their highest level since 1988. As of 2017, it comprised 14% of all physical album sales. According to the
534:, as being part of a wave of improvement introduced rapidly after 1897. A picture of a hand-cranked 1898 Berliner Gramophone shows a governor and says that spring drives had replaced hand drives. It notes that:
2102:, as a cost-cutting move, much of the industry began reducing the thickness and quality of vinyl used in mass-market manufacturing. Sound quality suffered, with increased ticks, pops, and other surface noises.
2044:
a digital 3D topography map that is then inscribed onto the vinyl stamper via lasers, resulting in less loss of information. Many critics have expressed skepticism regarding the cost and quality of HD records.
3247:
944:
In the 78 era, classical-music and spoken-word items generally were released on the longer 12-inch 78s, about 4–5 minutes per side. For example, on 10 June 1924, four months after the 12 February premier of
2401:
As an alternative to playback with a stylus, a recording can be read optically, processed with software that calculates the velocity that the stylus would be moving in the mapped grooves and converted to a
169:
864:"Embraceable You" was 4m 05s; "Serenade to a Shylock", 4m 32s. Another way to overcome the time limitation was to issue a selection extending to both sides of a single record. Vaudeville stars
2488:. In spite of their flaws, records continued to have enthusiastic supporters, partly due to a preference of its "warmer" sound and its larger sleeve artwork. Records continued to be format of choice by
692:
previously impossible to record could now be captured. Volume was now limited only by the groove spacing on the record and the amplification of the playback device. Victor and Columbia licensed the new
2117:. Many collectors prefer to have heavyweight vinyl albums, which have been reported to have better sound than normal vinyl because of their higher tolerance against deformation caused by normal play.
1491:
have the same sensitivity to vibration, the difference needs to be evened out by having each channel take half its information from each direction by turning the channels 45 degrees from horizontal.
574:
In 1912, the Gramophone Company set 78 rpm as their recording standard, based on the average of recordings they had been releasing at the time, and started selling players whose governors had a
1224:
The older 78 rpm format continued to be mass-produced alongside the newer formats using new materials in decreasing numbers until the summer of 1958 in the U.S., and in a few countries, such as the
4623:) 4. 400 Hz calibration tone . Quotes from the sleeve: Thousands of man-hours were spent listening, adjusting, optimizing—until harpsichords sound like harpsichords without mutilated
967:"Record albums" were originally booklets containing collections of multiple disc records of related material, the name being related to photograph albums or scrap albums. German record company
4516:(NB. This compander exists in two identically named but slightly different versions; only one of them has a dedicated "Disk" setting, the other one instead has an additional setting to combine
368:
remain: Apollo Masters in California, and MDC in Japan. On 6 February 2020, a fire destroyed the Apollo Masters plant. According to the Apollo Masters website, their future is still uncertain.
5995:
2259:
Although vinyl records are strong and do not break easily, they scratch due to its soft material sometimes resulting in ruining the record. Vinyl readily acquires a static charge, attracting
5667:
1011:
debut album (with "The Beehive State" on the flipside). Reprise did not proceed further with the series due to a lack of sales for the single, and a lack of general interest in the concept.
364:
As of 2017, 48 record pressing facilities exist worldwide. The increased popularity of the record has led to the investment in new and modern record-pressing machines. Only two producers of
2781:
122:(PVC) became standard replacing the old 78s and remain so to this day; they have since been produced in various sizes and speeds, most commonly 7-inch discs played at 45 rpm (typically for
5341:
4130:
in 1948 before going on to produce albums with the New York Philharmonic, Glenn Gould, Isaac Stern and many other giants of classical music, died on Sept. 22 in Reading, Pa. He was 92. ...
3104:
5373:, 23 January 2009. Accessed 26 January 2009. "The basic measurement behind those grams is thickness. It's been said to be less noisy, which really has more to do with the grade of vinyl."
8004:
7454:
6305:
106:
Records have been produced in different formats with playing times ranging from a few minutes to around 30 minutes per side. For about half a century, the discs were commonly made from
6406:
2024:
were created within Soviet Union countries as a result of cultural censorship. These black market records were of banned music, printed onto x-ray films scavenged from hospital bins.
4514:
3463:
2526:
on vinyl in one week. The sales of the record beat the largest sales in one week on vinyl since Nielsen started tracking vinyl sales in 1991. The sales record was previously held by
7532:
7243:
1549:
10103:
10072:
1206:
3215:
806:
for use by the troops overseas. After the war, the use of vinyl became more practical as new record players with lightweight crystal pickups and precision-ground styli made of
7328:
4893:
2356:
There is a theory that vinyl records can audibly represent higher frequencies than compact discs, though most of this is noise and not relevant to human hearing. According to
7622:
5167:
5384:
10080:
6518:
7"-single ("Fragrance", "Holger on his first video recording", "Holger and Jaki"), a digital audio download code and a booklet. The CD version of the set (CDGRON180) does
4158:
3357:
168:
7538:
4925:
viele sehr gute Aufnahmen klassischer Musik veröffentlicht. Diese Platten wurden, nicht wie sonst üblich, in Lackfolie sondern direkt in eine Metallscheibe geschnitten (
4984:
4982:
4980:
4978:
4976:
7676:
7526:
7322:
7291:
3593:
99:
groove. The groove usually starts near the outside edge and ends near the center of the disc. The stored sound information is made audible by playing the record on a
7604:
7285:
590:
illuminating 92-bar calibration markings. Where it was 50 Hz, it was 77.92 rpm: that of a 50 Hz stroboscope illuminating 77-bar calibration markings.
5879:
3300:
2267:
over a series of grooves, or worse yet, cause the needle to skip backward, creating a "locked groove" that repeats over and over. This is the origin of the phrase "
7688:
7634:
6261:. Other popular artists are Beatles, Led Zeppelin and Adele" (a screenshot of the teletext page exist and can be uploaded, if allowed at Commons and if requested).
5836:
2113:
It became commonplace to use recycled vinyl. New or "virgin" heavy/heavyweight (180–220 g) vinyl is commonly used for modern audiophile vinyl releases in all
5085:
1003:
planned to release a series of 78-rpm singles from their artists on their label at the time, called the Reprise Speed Series. Only one disc actually saw release,
10171:
4915:
4858:
981:
on four double-sided discs in a specially designed package. It was not until the LP era that an entire album of material could be included on a single record.
766:
theory, and designed to provide a relatively flat frequency response. Victor's first public demonstration of the Orthophonic Victrola on 6 October 1925, at the
7652:
7478:
7237:
9018:
7466:
7279:
7273:
3757:
10151:
10113:
7448:
7095:
2618:
2445:
Groove recordings, first designed in the final quarter of the 19th century, held a predominant position for nearly a century—withstanding competition from
7502:
2476:
and its elimination of background hiss and surface noise, instant switching and searching of tracks, longer playing time, lack of continuous degradation (
7544:
7472:
6383:
4493:
10062:
8692:
7404:
7334:
7231:
3590:
897:" in four parts, issued on both sides of two 12-inch 78s. The limited duration of recordings persisted from their advent until the introduction of the
5362:
4800:
3565:
2876:
7959:
7568:
7514:
7496:
1532:
system being adapted to vinyl in 1979. A decoder was commercially available but only one demo record is known to have been produced in this format.
7844:
7640:
7267:
5671:
2896:
586:(cycles per second, Hz) and those at 50 Hz. Where the mains supply was 60 Hz, the actual speed was 78.26 rpm: that of a 60 Hz
203:
from the late 1880s and had effectively superseded it by around 1912. Records retained the largest market share even when new formats such as the
10166:
7953:
7520:
5345:
4675:
with minimum "breathing" and other audible side effects. Sound of extraordinary dynamic range—a background free from surface noise, pops,
3096:
7416:
578:
speed of 78 rpm. By 1925, 78 rpm was becoming standardized across the industry. However, the exact speed differed between places with
7484:
7410:
7255:
7249:
6297:
4963:
10108:
10057:
8800:
7580:
7261:
7125:
356:
refers to a malfunction when the needle skips/jumps back to the previous groove and plays the same section over and over again indefinitely.
5702:
3455:
10052:
7947:
6508:
5462:
3839:
2710:
223:. The phonograph record has made a niche resurgence in the early 21st century, growing increasingly popular throughout the 2010s and 2020s.
6458:
645:, stood next to each other and Oliver's horn could not be heard. "They put Louis about fifteen feet over in the corner, looking all sad."
10156:
10067:
8905:
8682:
6335:
5653:
2602:
5259:
4437:
4406:
3814:
451:. Unlike the phonautograph, Edison's phonograph could both record and reproduce sound, via two separate needles, one for each function.
10354:
10239:
10118:
10098:
8272:
8062:
4278:
2477:
2336:
2287:
2263:
that is difficult to remove completely. Dust and scratches cause audio clicks and pops. In extreme cases, they can cause the needle to
937:, made on 28 May 1946. Because it ran 7m 57s, longer than both sides of a standard 78 rpm 10-inch record, it was released on
696:
system from Western Electric and recorded the first electrical discs during the spring of 1925. The first electrically recorded Victor
519:
Early disc recordings were produced in a variety of speeds ranging from 60 to 130 rpm, and a variety of sizes. As early as 1894,
8993:
8097:
6659:
6495:
4108:
2510:
2079:
4889:
3796:
Back cover notes, "Jammin' at Commodore with Eddie Condon and His Windy City Seven...", Commodore Jazz Classics (CD), CCD 7007, 1988
868:
recorded "Mr. Gallagher and Mr. Shean", written by themselves or, allegedly, by Bryan Foy, as two sides of a 10-inch 78 in 1922 for
10088:
8961:
5130:
6793:
6783:
4183:
1390: rpm 9-inch record with 2-inch center hole. Each record held 40 minutes of music per side, recorded at 420 grooves per inch.
10144:
9744:
9013:
6896:
6275:
5725:
5163:
3871:
2398:
diameter, tracking weight, equalisation curve and other playback parameters and use high-quality analogue-to-digital converters.
2286:
There is controversy about the relative quality of CD sound and LP sound when the latter is heard under the best conditions (see
1518:
A similar scheme aiming at the high-end audiophile market, and achieving a noise reduction of about 20 to 25 dB(A), was the
1036:
199:
The phonograph record was the primary medium used for music reproduction throughout the 20th century. It had co-existed with the
5182:
4145:
2206:
10254:
10161:
10132:
3618:
3366:
1074:
799:
The production of shellac records continued throughout the 78 rpm era, which lasted until 1948 in industrialized nations.
6829:
4210:
Peter A Soderbergh, "Olde Records Price Guide 1900–1947", Wallace–Homestead Book Company, Des Moines, Iowa, 1980, pp. 193–194.
4039:
2178:
1276:
faced uncertainty over which of these formats would ultimately prevail in what was known as the "War of the Speeds" (see also
8743:
6777:
6063:
5938:
5436:
4431:
6864:
5978:
5904:
3137:
9126:
9028:
6859:
3975:
3513:
3225:
3163:
2696:
605:
At least one attempt to lengthen playing time was made in the early 1920s. World Records produced records that played at a
7380:
3945:
2068:
Comparison of several forms of disk storage showing tracks (tracks not to scale); green denotes start and red denotes end.
1443:
invented by RCA, based on mechanically tracked ultra-microgrooves (9541 grooves/inch) on a 12-inch conductive vinyl disc.
432:
had been used in this way to create direct tracings of the vibrations of sound-producing objects, as by English physicist
10364:
10188:
10178:
7830:
7422:
7398:
7392:
7386:
6240:
5411:
4069:
2640:
2185:
1992:
5826:
2939:
10193:
10046:
5024:
2353:
and oversampling systems used in digital recordings have eliminated perceived problems observed with early CD players.
2159:
1649:
1556:
729:
offers records "by the latest Victor process of electrical recording". It was recognized as a breakthrough; in 1930, a
17:
6869:
5505:
4458:
2000:
were thin flexible records that were distributed with magazines and as promotional gifts from the 1960s to the 1980s.
8793:
8292:
7357:
6763:
6734:
6708:
6694:
6680:
6651:
Lawrence, Harold; "Mercury Living Presence". Compact disc liner notes. Bartók, Antal Dorati, Mercury 432 017–2. 1991.
5866:
5810:
5620:
4608:
4400:
4235:
4013:
3730:
3698:
3195:
2225:
894:
634:
1039:
issued a number of 78-rpm singles on their Blue Goose record label. The most familiar of these releases is probably
491:
9764:
9064:
8887:
8107:
6357:
4841:
2635:
2271:" or "like a scratched record", which is often used to describe a person or thing that continually repeats itself.
2192:
1470:
were two magazines that hi-fi consumers and engineers could read for reviews of playback equipment and recordings.
524:
4683:—the mightiest crescendo, free from distortion. Sound without breathing, pumping, or other ill side effects.
3747:
2310:
determined in a series of tests that only 20–25 dB is required for the impression of full stereo separation.
1425:
RCA Victor 45s were also adapted to the smaller spindle of an LP player with a plastic snap-in insert known as a "
1297: rpm LP prevailed as the dominant format for musical albums, and 10-inch LPs were no longer issued. The last
9754:
9222:
9121:
8277:
6158:
5054:
2645:
2513:'s midyear report in 2020, phonograph record revenues surpassed those of CDs for the first time since the 1980s.
2049:
814:
alloy proliferated. In late 1945, RCA Victor began offering "De Luxe" transparent red vinylite pressings of some
767:
3905:
1963: rpm vinyl singles in 1949, but they were dropped in early 1950 due to the popularity of the RCA Victor 45.
1592:
10183:
8055:
6379:
5647:
3074:
2253:
2163:
763:
556:
480:
2174:
10269:
10264:
10259:
9003:
8462:
8087:
7965:
7735:
7036:
6125:
3891:
2522:
1054:
issued a series of boxed sets of 78-rpm reissues of early rock and roll hits, intended for owners of vintage
231:
7089:
7077:
7054:
7024:
7018:
7012:
802:
During the Second World War, the United States Armed Forces produced thousands of 12-inch vinyl 78 rpm
539:
happened to be the speed created by one of the early machines and, for no other reason continued to be used.
331:
or 45 rpm; Single, 7-inch or 10-inch disc, 45 or 78 rpm); their reproductive quality, or level of
10139:
8998:
8954:
8786:
8657:
8482:
8399:
8323:
8161:
7910:
7670:
7460:
7002:
6986:
4770:
3561:
2872:
2357:
31:
4944:. Also shows a picture of the "U" engraving in the silent inner groove indicating UC encoded vinyl disks.)
3787:
Eddie Condon, "We Called It Music", Da Capo Press, New York, 1992, p. 263–264. (Originally published 1947)
10359:
10249:
10127:
8677:
8092:
7715:
7442:
6889:
4632:
4251:
2597:
2565:
1436:
915:
minutes on a 10-inch 78 rpm record meant that singers seldom recorded long pieces. One exception is
6848:
9879:
9131:
8424:
8333:
7838:
7819:
7042:
7030:
7006:
6407:"Taylor Swift's 'Evermore' Is The First Album To Sell 100,000 Vinyl Copies In One Week In U.S. History"
5528:
4911:
4907:
4853:
4849:
3931:
3686:
2892:
2861:
Sometimes I must sound like a broken record, but repeating and teaching the kids consistency and how to
2733:
2078:
Since its inception in 1948, vinyl record standards for the United States follow the guidelines of the
1165:
418:
6928:
6604:"RCA SelectaVision VideoDisc FAQ - What are the technical specifications of the RCA VideoDisc system?"
4500:
9910:
9198:
8647:
8545:
8525:
8366:
8191:
8130:
8048:
6639:
5969:
5047:"Little Wonder Records, Bubble Books, Emerson, Victor, Harper, Columbia, Waterson, Berlin and Snyder"
1024:
575:
6097:
Plasketes, George (1992). "Romancing the Record: The Vinyl De-Evolution and Subcultural Evolution".
658:
10310:
10234:
9749:
9398:
9393:
9115:
8929:
8768:
8738:
8022:
7904:
7788:
6842:
6563:
5612:
5234:
4955:
4920:
4863:
4695:
4495:
Nakamichi High-Com II Noise Reduction System - Owner's Manual - Bedienungsanleitung - Mode d'Emploi
2607:
2589:
2380:
from 1956, usually had a chosen A-side, for radio promotion as a possible hit, with a flip side or
1459:
1269:
1155:
991:
762:
had an interior folded exponential horn, a sophisticated design informed by impedance-matching and
630:
621:
Early recordings were made entirely acoustically, the sound was collected by a horn and piped to a
606:
433:
9343:
7971:
6817:
Playback equalization for 78 rpm shellacs and early LPs (EQ curves, index of record labels):
5208:
4834:
Vinyl Lexikon - Wahrheit und Legende der Schallplatte - Fachbegriffe, Sammlerlatein und Praxistips
4310:
2539:
Approximately 180 million LP records are produced annually at global pressing plants, as of 2021.
471:
in the 1880s. Emile Berliner improved the quality of recordings while his manufacturing associate
10369:
10322:
10020:
9641:
9074:
8947:
8156:
6797:
6567:
6533:
5880:"The Resurgence of Vinyl Records: Why They're Making a Comeback and How to Start Your Collection"
5694:
5086:"Supplement No. 2 to NAB (NARTB) Engineering Handbook; NARTB Recording and Reproducing Standards"
4993:
4699:
4588:
4227:
3844:
3097:"Origins of Sound Recording: The Inventors: Edouard-LĂ©on Scott de Martinville: The Phonautograph"
2777:
2718:
2152:
1507:
5996:"FEATURE: Forty Years of the Sony Walkman: 1st July, 1979: An Historic and Iconic Day for Music"
5751:
4999:
with built-in UC expander, with the frontpanel showing a "UC" logo (for "Universal Compander").)
3849:
3690:
2302:(CD) in 1982, the stereo LP pressed in vinyl continued to suffer from a variety of limitations:
1022:
featuring two songs ("Alabama Jubilee" and "Please Don't Talk About Me When I'm Gone") from his
527:
was selling single-sided 7-inch discs with an advertised standard speed of "about 70 rpm".
10349:
10344:
9333:
8826:
7723:
7178:
6906:
6882:
4996:
4926:
4580:
4556:
4528:
encoded vinyl disks have to be played back through the "Rec" setting of a connected tape deck.)
4126:
Howard H. Scott, who was part of the team at Columbia Records that introduced the long-playing
3324:
Ober, Norman (1973). "You Can Thank Emil Berliner for the Shape Your Record Collection Is In".
2438:
2199:
610:
303:, 45, 78), and their time capacity, determined by their diameter and speed (LP , 12-inch disc,
258:
178:
Video of a 1936 spring-motor-driven 78 rpm acoustic (non-electronic) gramophone playing a
111:
6327:
5637:
4299:, "Frank Sinatra: The Columbia Years: 1943–1952: The Complete Recordings", unnumbered at back.
10214:
10006:
9601:
9103:
9069:
9059:
9054:
8414:
8328:
6922:
5770:
4786:
4741:
4624:
4604:
4596:
4421:
4390:
3806:
3100:
2264:
1529:
873:
622:
483:
in Camden, New Jersey, whose products would come to dominate the market for several decades.
5604:
5466:
4499:
4349:
Biro, Nick (20 July 1959). "Seeburg Background Music Move Part of Diversification Program".
2472:
The more modern CD format held numerous advantages over the record such as its portability,
10374:
9999:
9809:
9769:
8831:
8555:
8520:
8166:
8141:
7813:
7308:
7048:
6031:
4869:
4270:
4153:
2350:
1008:
924:
815:
759:
448:
219:(DJs), especially in dance music genres. They were also listened to by a growing number of
9023:
6673:
The Audiophile's Technical Guide to 78 rpm, Transcription, and Microgroove Recordings
6487:
6271:
1158:
on 21 June 1948, in two formats: 10 inches (25 centimetres) in diameter, matching that of
8:
9960:
9739:
9152:
8872:
8239:
7921:
7598:
6978:
5831:
5605:
4709:
4628:
3252:
3220:
2625:
2099:
1539:
1369:
1261:
959:
and His Orchestra. It was released on two sides of Victor 55225 and ran for 8m 59s.
865:
579:
472:
369:
200:
38:
9092:
7368:
6491:
6432:
6083:
5578:
2003:
In March 1949, as RCA Victor released the 45, Columbia released several hundred 7-inch,
9561:
9476:
9388:
9250:
9108:
9033:
8606:
8409:
8224:
8219:
8125:
7856:
7776:
7490:
7346:
7083:
6184:
6055:
6048:
5359:
4829:
4576:
4113:
3679:
3509:
3342:(revised and enlarged 2nd ed.). Indianapolis: Howard W. Sams. pp. 12, 14, 15.
2989:
2820:
2815:
2091:
1935:
1502:
1487:
1044:
933:
725:
713:
598:
567:
476:
344:
340:
253:
in inches (12-inch, 10-inch, 7-inch) (although they were designed in millimeters), the
235:
119:
6209:
3039:
1043:(1980, issued as a "Red Goose" record on a 12-inch single), with the double-entendre "
10274:
10229:
10219:
9945:
9940:
9920:
9915:
9787:
9708:
9700:
9677:
9667:
9363:
9348:
9177:
8477:
8361:
8338:
7758:
7592:
7550:
6818:
6812:
6773:
6759:
6730:
6704:
6690:
6676:
6133:
6110:
6059:
5862:
5806:
5802:
5796:
5643:
5616:
5138:
4941:
4837:
4792:
4747:
4660:
4427:
4396:
4322:
4231:
3885:
3726:
3694:
3191:
2759:
2532:
2485:
2450:
2446:
2403:
2095:
2021:
1159:
1150:
Research began in 1939, was suspended during World War II, and then resumed in 1945.
1106:
1073:" in the form of a 10-inch 78-rpm record (b/w "Heroes and Villains"). More recently,
856:
779:
531:
4731:
Hohmuth, Gerhard (1987). "Verbesserte Schallplattenwiedergabe durch UC-Kompressor".
4364:
4221:
3610:
2128:-based records due to concerns over the environmental impact of widespread PVC use.
2098:) has varied considerably over the years. Virgin vinyl is preferred, but during the
1535:
The availability of encoded disks in any of these formats stopped in the mid-1980s.
9976:
9890:
9792:
9724:
9616:
9542:
9506:
9501:
9368:
9300:
9245:
9147:
8652:
8591:
8550:
8457:
8434:
8404:
8249:
8209:
8079:
8071:
7616:
7574:
7340:
6951:
6874:
6106:
5603:
Alexandrovich, George (1987). "Disc Recording and Playback". In Glen Ballou (ed.).
5440:
4664:
4620:
4035:
3752:
3704:
3487:
2796:
2630:
1510:
on one side, and a collection of tracks from various Bel Canto albums on the back.
1465:
1354:
1314:
1298:
1237:
1209:
1151:
1144:
1140:
1062:
973:
947:
938:
928:
859:, and to allow for longer continuous performances, he recorded some 12-inch discs.
787:
676:
672:
393:
254:
204:
159:
92:
5930:
2802:
when broken or scratched ... repeating the same music or words over and over again
1580:
The usual diameters of the holes on an EP record are 0.286 inches (7.26 mm).
335:(high-fidelity, orthophonic, full-range, etc.); and the number of audio channels (
9844:
9837:
9565:
9486:
9403:
9373:
9358:
9353:
8856:
8626:
8601:
8586:
8487:
8472:
8447:
8176:
8171:
7556:
6914:
6631:
5961:
5908:
5553:
5501:
5366:
4584:
4560:
4517:
4223:
A Short History of Twentieth-Century Technology, c. 1900 – c. 1950
3597:
3450:
3285:
3280:
3185:
3159:
3132:
3127:
3069:
2900:
2880:
2688:
2671:
2553:
2492:
in dance clubs during the 1990s and 2000s due to its better mixing capabilities.
2070:* Some CD-R(W) and DVD-R(W)/DVD+R(W) recorders operate in ZCLV, CAA or CAV modes.
1495:
1070:
1000:
952:
920:
845:
841:
642:
638:
459:
70:
46:
9328:
6794:"Recording Technology History: notes revised July 6, 2005, by Steven Schoenherr"
6603:
3505:
848:
in Richmond, Indiana, in 1923, one side was 2:09 and four sides were 2:52–2:59.
749:
10284:
9716:
9672:
9636:
9552:
9528:
9491:
9423:
9240:
8970:
8851:
8662:
8621:
8616:
8611:
8571:
8389:
8384:
8120:
7868:
7700:
7664:
7210:
7184:
7107:
6755:
5285:
4781:
4736:
4676:
3723:
From Tinfoil to Stereo: The Acoustic Years of the Recording Industry, 1877–1929
2964:
2506:
2454:
2394:
2377:
2313:
Thin, closely spaced spiral grooves that allow for increased playing time on a
2278:
A dusty/scratched vinyl record being played. The dust settles into the grooves.
2107:
1908:
1828:
1745:
1732:
1426:
1217:
1176:
demonstrating the new RCA Victor 45 rpm player and record in February 1949
1173:
1078:
1066:
1019:
941:'s Masterwork label (the classical division) as two sides of a 12-inch record.
869:
720:
552:
520:
468:
123:
55:
6592:
6590:
6577:
6541:
6298:"Record Store Day: This is what happens inside a vinyl factory - BBC Newsbeat"
6236:
5260:"HD Vinyl Takes Next Step with Debut of 3D Topography Software Perfect Groove"
4061:
10338:
9865:
9557:
9496:
9428:
9285:
9265:
9235:
8910:
8846:
8749:
8718:
8419:
8353:
8297:
8267:
8204:
8181:
8115:
7992:
7807:
7799:
7782:
7767:
7646:
7433:
7360:
7158:
7119:
6966:
6740:
Where Have All the Good Times Gone?: The Rise and Fall of the Record Industry
6483:
6137:
5142:
4796:
4751:
4672:
4668:
4652:
4612:
4600:
4549:
contains 400 Hz, 0 dB, 200 nWb/m calibration tones as well.).
4326:
4146:"Columbia Diskery, CBS Show Microgroove Platters to Press; Tell How It Began"
2501:
2473:
2420:
2121:
1870:
1814:
1452:
1430:
1358:
1345:
1330:
1322:
1302:
1256:
1241:
1147:
to develop a phonograph record that would hold at least 20 minutes per side.
1051:
1032:
968:
956:
916:
823:
709:
548:
440:
424:
208:
86:
6668:, Sears, Zemansky, Young, 1974, LOC #73-21135, chapter: "Acoustic Phenomena"
5463:"The Official UK Charts Company : ALBUM CHART HISTORY: An Introduction"
5012:
3415:
World Records, Vocalion "W" Fetherflex and Penny Phono Recordings: A listing
2734:"U.S. Vinyl Album Sales Rise for 17th Straight Year — But Growth Is Slowing"
2461:
was a factor that contributed to the vinyl's lessening usage in the 1980s.
10279:
10244:
10013:
9992:
9858:
9729:
9687:
9662:
9621:
9611:
9585:
9511:
9481:
9408:
9260:
9208:
9156:
9008:
8841:
8492:
8452:
8394:
8287:
8257:
8214:
8136:
7694:
7101:
6934:
6823:
4616:
4542:
4498:(in English, German, and French). 1980. 0D03897A, O-800820B. Archived from
4454:
3412:
2517:
2481:
2465:
2345:
2299:
2053:
1373:
1310:
1188:
At first the two systems were marketed in competition, in what was called "
1015:
1004:
890:
860:
697:
372:
opened in 2016 as the world's first fully automated record pressing plant.
365:
212:
37:. For cylinder recordings formerly commonly called phonograph records, see
5385:"Bioplastic records could help decarbonise music business, says developer"
4005:
3440:, Bloomington and Indianapolis: Indiana University Press, 1994, pp. 63–64.
3438:
Jelly Roll, Bix, and Hoagy: Gennett Studios and the Birth of Recorded Jazz
2064:
1047:" on the "A" side and the X-rated "Christopher Columbus" on the "B" side.
507:
226:
10289:
10224:
10041:
9816:
9695:
9596:
9573:
9521:
9516:
9471:
9444:
9413:
9383:
9378:
9338:
9310:
9280:
9275:
9193:
8733:
8728:
8687:
8672:
8596:
8581:
8540:
8497:
8313:
7741:
7610:
7374:
6992:
6079:
4936:(NB. Describes a software implementation of an UC expander as a program "
4680:
4636:
4525:
4275:
ARChive of Contemporary Music, or "Would You Take My Mind Out for a Walk"
4104:
3391:
2489:
2361:
2110:, which, at the time, was considered inferior by many record collectors.
2103:
1526:
1318:
1233:
1225:
1182:
1169:
978:
852:
837:
684:
587:
429:
216:
5326:
Adrian Hope (24 January 1980). "Pressing Problems for a Record Future".
3014:
1309:, CL 2600, issued on 26 October 1956, containing six songs, one each by
50:
Three vinyl records of different formats, from left to right: a 12 inch
9950:
9872:
9777:
9466:
9449:
9305:
9255:
9098:
8821:
8723:
8713:
8530:
8318:
8282:
8151:
8146:
7935:
7929:
7562:
7190:
7142:
6996:
6940:
6703:. Third Edition. 1993, 2001, 2007; Gramophone Adventures, Portage, MI.
6515:
6234:
Swedish public service television teletext, 12.December.2016, page 150
4521:
2527:
2393:
flaws without any further damage to the source recording. For example,
2341:
2166: in this section. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.
2125:
1997:
1980:
and 78.26 rpm records, and 1.504″ ±0.002″ for 45 rpm records.
1519:
1277:
1213:
1098:
786:
Sales of records plummeted precipitously during the early years of the
693:
680:
641:
in 1923, remembered that at first Oliver and his young second trumpet,
543:
487:
444:
246:
220:
191:
100:
8778:
5933:
Guidelines on the Production and Preservation of Digital Audio Objects
5183:"'High Definition Vinyl' Is Happening, Possibly as Early as Next Year"
5046:
2031:
produced now-collectible postage stamps on playable vinyl mini-discs.
593:
490:, still exists. There is a dedicated museum in Montreal for Berliner (
10209:
9905:
9823:
9569:
9418:
9290:
9203:
8882:
8343:
8262:
8028:
7874:
7586:
7508:
7172:
7166:
7147:
7113:
6729:
by Roland Gelatt, published by Cassell & Company, 1954 rev. 1977
4656:
4550:
4546:
4541:(A limited edition not-for-sale High Com II encoded audiophile
3909:
2782:
the National Library Service for the Blind and Physically Handicapped
2665:
It's almost final for vinyl: Record manufacturers dwindle in the U.S.
2612:
2416:
1787:
1704:
1523:
1440:
1326:
1102:
A 12-inch LP being played. The stylus is in contact with the surface.
1093:
898:
653:
530:
One standard audio recording handbook describes speed regulators, or
389:
131:
51:
6838:, a site devoted to all aspects of the making of Gramophone records.
3667:, Morgan Wright, 2002 Hoy Hoy Publishers, Saratoga Springs, NY p. 65
3064:
2141:
1478:
1114:
9985:
9935:
9830:
9459:
9454:
8535:
8512:
8502:
8442:
8229:
8040:
8010:
7941:
7898:
7892:
7880:
7850:
7628:
6748:
by Ellingham, Niel, published at 1 Bruach Lane, PH16 5DG, Scotland.
6632:"Reconstruction of mechanically recorded sound by image processing"
6572:
5962:"Reconstruction of mechanically recorded sound by image processing"
4704:
2434:
2274:
996:
872:. Longer musical pieces were released as a set of records. In 1903
807:
705:
336:
332:
250:
130:("forty-fives")), and 12-inch discs played at 33â…“ rpm (known as an
4756:(3 pages) (NB. Includes a description of the UC compander system.)
512:
9734:
9657:
9631:
9589:
9172:
8939:
8836:
8631:
8376:
7998:
7729:
7682:
5758:. Vol. 215, no. 6. p. 93 – via Google Books.
5698:
4572:
3456:"nick lucas playing with bailey's lucky seven at gennett studios"
2913:
2458:
1349:
1055:
486:
Berliner's Montreal factory, which became the Canadian branch of
179:
118:" ("seventy-eights"). After the 1940s, "vinyl" records made from
107:
3778:"Louis Armstrong and King Oliver", Heritage Jazz, cassette, 1993
1596:
A standard wide-hole 7-inch vinyl record from 1978 on its sleeve
9759:
9295:
6832:
including equalization data for different makes of 78s and LPs.
5579:"How To Organize Vinyl Records: Tips, Tricks & Suggestions"
5489:
Entertainment and Society: Influences, Impacts, and Innovations
4592:
4568:
2381:
2039:
In 2018, an Austrian startup, Rebeat Innovation GmBH, received
2028:
1216:'s competition extended to equipment. Some turntables included
955:
recorded an abridged version of the seventeen-minute work with
882:
811:
803:
701:
96:
6865:
Semi-automatic metadata extraction from shellac and vinyl disc
2965:"Dictionary.com | Meanings & Definitions of English Words"
2839:
Department of Health and Human Services, Public Health Service
1205:
9580:
9230:
8697:
8667:
7886:
7747:
7658:
6835:
6511:
6510:(NB. Retrospective box set containing 5 LPs (compilation), 1
5164:"The curious tale of Bhutan's playable record postage stamps"
4564:
2114:
1538:
Yet another noise reduction system for vinyl records was the
1229:
877:
791:
this device was "instrumental in revitalizing the industry".
583:
397:
135:
89:
6459:"How much did vinyl music sales grow in 2021? (Hint: a lot)"
5554:"4. How Long Can You Store CDs and DVDs and Use Them Again?"
5529:"Do vinyl LPs wear out? The Audiophiliac takes on that myth"
4188:
Library of Congress (Congress.gov) (accessdate 21 June 2021)
2940:"Hand Drawn Pressing Brings New Technology To Vinyl Records"
2857:
My Pulse, His Will: Tragedy to Triumph That Echoed Her Faith
2344:
have differed over the relative merits of the LP versus the
110:
and these records typically ran at a rotational speed of 78
9930:
9782:
9270:
9162:
9038:
8467:
8016:
7862:
7222:
7202:
5668:"Audacity Team Forum: Pre-echo when recording vinyl record"
5020:
4930:
4700:"CX Discs: Better, Worse & the Same as a normal record"
3591:"New Music Machine Thrills All Hearers At First Test Here".
3492:
40,000 Years of Music: Man in Search of Music – 1964 p. 144
2826:
repetitive sounds .. this means the record SKIPS its groove
2260:
2090:
The composition of vinyl used to press records (a blend of
6433:"Jack White breaks US vinyl sales record with 'Lazaretto'"
6210:"BBC News | ENTERTAINMENT | The non-compact disc turns 50"
5794:
5131:"Bone music: the Soviet bootleg records pressed on x-rays"
4651:
quality. Listen especially for the dramatic reduction in
4420:
Spanias, Andreas; Painter, Ted; Atti, Venkatraman (2007).
3547:
Pakenham, Compton (1930), "Recorded Music: A Wide Range".
2689:"Millennials push 2015 record sales to 26-year high in US"
876:
in England made the first complete recording of an opera,
9955:
9925:
9851:
9626:
9167:
8234:
4873:
verfĂĽgbarer UC-Expander fĂĽr den Heimgebrauch, verzichtet.
4655:
on this High-Com II encoded record. There is no residual
3365:. London: British Library. pp. 89–90. Archived from
2569:
2425:
2307:
984:
741:
467:
The first commercially sold disc records were created by
239:
5857:"Disc Recording and Playback". In Glen Ballou (editor),
5412:"Sonopress and WMG launch sustainable 'EcoRecord' vinyl"
4780:(in German). Vol. 36, no. 9. Berlin, Germany:
4539:
The Stillness of Dawn - High-Com II Demonstration Record
3413:
Frank Andrews; Arthur Badrock; Edward S. Walker (1992).
3338:
Read, Oliver (1952). "History of Acoustical Recording".
2873:
Meet the Record-Pressing Robot Fueling Record's Comeback
2372:
1336:
1007:'s "I Think It's Going to Rain Today", a track from his
95:
in the form of a flat disc with an inscribed, modulated
8576:
5286:" "Making Vinyl Europe – Program – Meistersaal, Berlin"
5013:"Bulletin E 3: Standards for Stereophonic Disc Records"
2484:, repeat), and ability to be played on and copied to a
2430:
6701:
Playback Equalizer Settings for 78 rpm Recordings
5859:
Handbook for Sound Engineers: The New Audio Cyclopedia
5607:
Handbook for Sound Engineers: The New Audio Cyclopedia
5311:
Bayly, Ernie (February 1976). "Double-sided records".
4531:
3128:"What Was the First Sound Ever Recorded by a Machine?"
2843:
we have talked about this before, year in and year out
2794:
Bob Evans (8 November 1999). "A Whole New Ball Game".
1344:
The 45 rpm discs also came in a variety known as
1041:
R. Crumb & His Cheap Suit Serenaders' Party Record
138:) – the latter being the most prevalent format today.
6784:"A Record Changer and Record of Complementary Design"
6656:
Analogue audio disk records and reproducing equipment
4486:
4062:"Peyton On Patton | Rev. Peyton's Big Damn Band"
3190:. University of California Press. 1983. p. 137.
2530:, who sold 40,000 copies of his second solo release,
1162:
singles, and 12 inches (30 centimetres) in diameter.
1087:
6904:
6721:
From Tin Foil to Stereo: Evolution of the Phonograph
6029:
Browne, David (4 October 1991). "A Vinyl Farewell".
5455:
4769:
Milde, Helmut (1987). Written at Dresden, Germany.
4302:
4109:"Howard H. Scott, a Developer of the LP, Dies at 92"
2579:
2480:
wear out as they get played), programmability (e.g.
2252:"Broken record" redirects here. For other uses, see
1429:". These inserts were commissioned by RCA president
134:, "long-playing records", typically for full-length
103:(or "gramophone", "turntable", or "record player").
6824:
The manufacturing and production of shellac records
6629:
5959:
4395:. Greenwood technographies. JHU Press. p. 94.
4140:
4138:
3748:"Why Are Songs on the Radio About the Same Length?"
6854:
6380:"Vinyl Outsells CDs For the First Time in Decades"
6047:
5771:"Ringing False: Digital Audio's Ubiquitous Filter"
5119:Indiana State Museum document no. 71.2010.098.0001
4836:(in German) (1 ed.). Lexikon Imprint Verlag.
4643:noise-reduction system. High-Com II is the first
4419:
3678:
2124:of the 21st century, select manufacturers adopted
1584:smaller were made—the so-called "little wonders".
679:, developed technology for capturing sound with a
547:A multinational product: an operatic duet sung by
6786:by B. H. Carson, A. D. Burt, and H. I. Reiskind,
5861:: Howard W. Sams & Company. p. 1037 §27.9.4.
4824:
4822:
4627:, until bass viols sound like bass viols without
4036:"The invention of vinyl records - where it began"
2711:"Vinyl sales pass 1m for first time this century"
2619:The New Face of Vinyl: Youth's Digital Devolution
2556:video on a vinyl record alongside encoded audio.
2552:VinylVideo is a format to store a low resolution
2536:, on vinyl in its first week of release in 2014.
1939:Example of 7″ EMI single with notched center hole
1365:(Columbia B-2641) was issued on 7 December 1959.
1305:songs on a 10-inch LP record was an album called
1244:songs on 78 rpm records was an album called
971:pioneered the album in 1909 when it released the
671:During the first half of the 1920s, engineers at
10336:
6855:Musée des ondes Emile Berliner, Montreal, Canada
6568:"VinylVideo - Playing video from a 45rpm record"
5827:"Sonic Science: The High-Frequency Hearing Test"
4135:
3483:
3481:
2542:
2410:
1966:Original hole diameters were 0.286″ ±0.001″ for
597:Edison Records Diamond Disc label, early 1920s.
6717:. Ninth edition, Oxford University Press, 1955.
5726:"Which Sounds Better, Analog or Digital Music?"
5429:
4883:
4881:
4735:(in German). Vol. 36, no. 5. Berlin:
4631:, until triangles sound lean and crisp without
4392:Sound recording: the life story of a technology
3534:Wanamaker (16 January 1926). Wanamaker's ad in
3503:
3359:Manual of Analogue Audio Restoration Techniques
2854:
2384:by the same artist—though some had two A-sides.
5795:Cutnell, John D.; Johnson, Kenneth W. (1997).
4888:Müller, Claus (2018). Meinhardt, Käthe (ed.).
4819:
4663:that mar conventional discs are absent. So is
4599:) 4. 400 Hz calibration tone. , Side B:
3877:. Archived from the original on 3 April 2005.
3681:America on Record: A History of Recorded Sound
3125:
2559:
2520:sold 102,000 copies of her ninth studio album
1077:has released their tribute to blues guitarist
844:on his first recordings, recorded 13 sides at
8955:
8794:
8056:
6890:
6699:Powell, James R., Jr. and Randall G. Stehle.
6596:
5602:
5344:. The Record Collectors Guild. Archived from
4947:
4764:
4762:
4292:
4290:
4288:
3478:
2568:, a color video format, slightly better than
1154:unveiled the LP at a press conference in the
901:in 1948. In popular music, the time limit of
317: rpm; EP , 12-inch disc or 7-inch disc,
6689:. 2001; Gramophone Adventures, Portage, MI.
6675:. 1992; Gramophone Adventures, Portage, MI.
6556:
6525:
6476:
5819:
5403:
5376:
4987:
4878:
4724:
4092:Maverick inventor; My Turbulent Years at CBS
3834:
3832:
3739:
3328:, Vol. 60, No. 4 (December 1973), pp. 38–40.
3057:
1562:
1543:
1251:
1185:. They had a playing time of eight minutes.
8906:Conservation and restoration of vinyl discs
8683:Professional Lighting and Sound Association
5502:"Comparative tables for 30 cm LP Standards"
5325:
5007:
5005:
4688:
4103:
3351:
3349:
3152:
2787:
2603:Conservation and restoration of vinyl discs
1494:As a result of the 45-degree turn and some
1268:Columbia and RCA Victor each pursued their
1236:on 78s), into the late 1960s. For example,
675:, as well as independent inventors such as
497:
8962:
8948:
8801:
8787:
8273:Comparison of analog and digital recording
8063:
8049:
6897:
6883:
6050:The World of DJs and the Turntable Culture
6045:
4759:
4285:
4265:
4263:
4261:
3119:
3015:"vinyl | Etymology of vinyl by etymonline"
2337:Comparison of analog and digital recording
2288:Comparison of analog and digital recording
1513:
778:The audience broke into applause ...
463:Emile Berliner with disc record gramophone
9437:
6660:International Electrotechnical Commission
6096:
5752:"DBX-encoded discs—records without noise"
5611:. Howard W. Sams & Company. pp.
4828:
4199:The Label: The Story of Columbia Records.
3829:
3720:
2813:
2793:
2731:
2226:Learn how and when to remove this message
2080:Recording Industry Association of America
745:Examples of Congolese 78 rpm records
454:
249:records are generally described by their
7143:Tefiphon/Teficord (early 1930s), Tefifon
6123:
5315:(38). Ernie Bayly, Bournemouth: 596–597.
5313:The Talking Machine Review International
5128:
5002:
4954:Seiffert, Michael; Renz, Martin (eds.).
4953:
4219:
4213:
4201:New York: Thunder's Mouth Press; p. 165.
4094:. New York: Saturday Review Press, 1973.
3355:
3346:
3187:Nineeenth-century Scientific Instruments
2757:
2424:
2371:
2273:
2063:
1934:
1591:
1477:
1361:songs on 45 rpm EP records, called
1335:
1255:
1204:
1164:
1113:
1105:
1097:
1037:R. Crumb & His Cheap Suit Serenaders
830:
748:
740:
652:
592:
542:
506:
458:
225:
77:(for later varieties only), or simply a
45:
8808:
6770:Vinyl: A History of the Analogue Record
6456:
6084:"Shiny, Aluminum, Plastic, and Digital"
6078:
5749:
5692:
5232:
5166:. The Vinyl Factory. 30 December 2015.
4852:und dem ZWT Rundfunk und Fernsehen der
4730:
4258:
3807:"Hits of the 1920s, Vol. 2 (1921–1923)"
3676:
3670:
3653:V-Disc and Armed Forces Radio Catalogue
3340:The Recording and Reproduction of Sound
3278:
3065:"mar 25, 1857 - Phonautograph invented"
2816:"Saturday: Sounds Like a Broken Record"
2298:At the time of the introduction of the
1433:and were invented by Thomas Hutchison.
648:
27:Disc-shaped analog sound storage medium
14:
10337:
6847:Actual list of vinyl pressing plants:
6758:published 1991 by the British Library
6562:
6531:
6482:
6430:
6386:from the original on 22 September 2020
6328:"Vinyl Record Sales At A 28 Year High"
6204:
6202:
6028:
5768:
5723:
5526:
5235:"HD vinyl is a promise, not a product"
5110:The Fabulous Victrola 45 Phil Vourtsis
4887:
4694:
4461:from the original on 25 September 2006
4449:
4447:
4426:. Wiley-Interscience. p. xv–xvi.
4388:
4308:
3745:
3417:. Spalding, Lincolnshire: The Authors.
3301:"Centennial of Broadcasting in Canada"
3204:from the original on 15 February 2017.
2937:
2699:from the original on 26 December 2015.
2457:. The widespread popularity of Sony's
2034:
1986:
1110:Grooves on a modern 33 rpm record
985:78 rpm releases in the microgroove era
8943:
8782:
8744:New Interfaces for Musical Expression
8044:
6878:
6338:from the original on 20 December 2016
6243:from the original on 20 December 2016
5642:. Taylor & Francis. p. 254.
5342:"Record Collectors Guild on Dynaflex"
5319:
5310:
5233:Seppala, Timothy J. (26 April 2018).
5180:
5170:from the original on 2 February 2017.
5027:from the original on 15 November 2014
4768:
4647:noise-reduction system that achieves
3721:Welch, Walter L.; Burt, Leah (1994).
3714:
2914:"Apollo Masters lacquer record discs"
1473:
1283:Eventually the 12-inch (300 mm)
1232:(both countries issued recordings by
657:An electronically recorded disc from
616:
447:, which etched sound recordings onto
359:
8070:
6853:Dedicated museum for sound history:
6841:How to digitize gramophone records:
6404:
6054:. Hal Leonard Corporation. pp.
5839:from the original on 24 October 2017
5635:
5410:Dredge, Stuart (28 September 2023).
5383:Mcdill, Stuart (21 September 2022).
5206:
4348:
4164:from the original on 22 January 2021
3817:from the original on 25 January 2016
3568:from the original on 6 February 2023
3516:from the original on 2 February 2015
3337:
3279:Wallace, Robert (17 November 1952).
3272:
3248:"History of the Cylinder Phonograph"
3228:from the original on 20 January 2011
2732:Caulfield, Keith (11 January 2023).
2164:adding citations to reliable sources
2135:
1084:on both 12-inch LP and 10-inch 78s.
555:, recorded in the US in 1906 by the
403:
10189:Global Recording Artist of the Year
10157:Highest-grossing live music artists
6860:Smart Vinyl: The First Computerized
6830:Reproduction of 78 rpm records
6772:by Richard Osborne. Ashgate, 2012.
6199:
6159:"DEMYSTIFYING COMPACT DISC PLAYERS"
5937:. Iasa-web.org. 21 September 2012.
5877:
5724:Morgan, Katrina (11 October 2017).
5693:Dunning, Brian (19 December 2015).
5209:"What Is HD Vinyl and Is It Legit?"
4906:In den 1980er Jahren wurden in der
4444:
4321:(5). Bonnier Corporation: 132–133.
4311:"What's What in the Platter Battle"
4281:from the original on 10 March 2016.
4177:
3160:"Édouard-Léon Scott de Martinville"
2641:Unusual types of gramophone records
1993:Unusual types of gramophone records
1587:
1575:
1075:The Reverend Peyton's Big Damn Band
794:
613:'s patented add-on speed governor.
24:
8969:
6836:The Secret Society of Lathe Trolls
6723:by Oliver Read and Walter L. Welch
6654:International standard IEC 60098:
6622:
6308:from the original on 18 April 2016
6278:from the original on 22 March 2016
5670:. Audacityteam.org. Archived from
5656:from the original on 24 June 2016.
5508:from the original on 5 August 2012
5129:Paphides, Pete (29 January 2015).
5057:from the original on 20 April 2016
4423:Audio signal processing and coding
3621:from the original on 26 April 2016
3504:Whelan, M.; Kornrumpf, W. (2014).
3260:from the original on 31 March 2023
2938:Setaro, Shawn (30 November 2016).
2678:– Kitchener, Ont., 9 January 1991.
1088:New sizes and materials after WWII
708:'s "Litanei" performed by pianist
400:platter, wax, or liquorice pizza.
388:(British English), record, vinyl,
230:Conductor and cast members of the
207:were mass-marketed. By the 1980s,
148:
25:
10386:
10355:Audiovisual introductions in 1894
8293:Reel-to-reel audio tape recording
8005:Pioneer Artists Compact LaserDisc
7455:Mohawk Message repeater cartridge
6805:
6532:Riddle, Randy A. (29 July 2018).
6358:"2017 U.S. Music Year-End Report"
6019:Sources vary on the actual dates.
5984:from the original on 25 May 2005.
5769:Howard, Keith (5 February 2006).
4440:from the original on 11 May 2016.
4409:from the original on 10 May 2016.
4365:"RCA SelectaVision VideoDisc FAQ"
4042:from the original on 4 April 2017
4016:from the original on 4 March 2016
3906:"Paul Whiteman and his Orchestra"
3760:from the original on 11 July 2014
3655:, Blue Goose Publishers, St Louis
3107:from the original on 6 March 2023
3077:from the original on 29 June 2022
2293:
2106:marketed their lightweight LP as
10318:
10317:
10304:
9334:Artists and repertoire (A&R)
9065:Universal Music Publishing Group
8923:
8762:
6450:
6424:
6398:
6372:
6350:
6320:
6290:
6264:
6228:
6177:
6151:
6124:Rockwell, John (10 March 1985).
6117:
6111:10.1111/j.0022-3840.1992.00109.x
6090:
6072:
6039:
6022:
6013:
5988:
5953:
5923:
5897:
5871:
5851:
5788:
5762:
5743:
5717:
5686:
5660:
5629:
5596:
5571:
5546:
5520:
5494:
5481:
5409:
5382:
5352:
5334:
5304:
5278:
5252:
5101:Columbia record catalog Aug 1949
4778:radio fernsehen elektronik (rfe)
4733:radio fernsehen elektronik (rfe)
4545:and corresponding leaflet. This
3986:from the original on 4 June 2016
3982:. 23 November 1968. p. 10.
3908:. Redhotjazz.com. Archived from
3639:Read, Oliver; Welch, Walter L.,
3466:from the original on 29 May 2008
3166:from the original on 1 July 2022
3140:from the original on 7 June 2022
2636:Sound recording and reproduction
2582:
2140:
2085:
2027:In the 1970s, the government of
1545:Zentrum Wissenschaft und Technik
1446:
1014:In 1978, guitarist and vocalist
962:
525:United States Gramophone Company
380:The various names have included
261:(rpm) at which they are played (
190:Problems playing this file? See
164:
9755:Entertainment Monitoring Africa
8278:Experimental musical instrument
7533:Nippon Electronic Vity cassette
7244:Cosmos Industries MX-303A/ANQ-1
6522:contain the VinylVideo record.)
6498:from the original on 7 May 2021
6431:Cooper, Leonie (18 June 2014).
6185:"Stealth war against CD piracy"
6126:"INVASION OF THE COMPACT DISKS"
5941:from the original on 8 May 2015
5226:
5200:
5174:
5156:
5122:
5113:
5104:
5095:
5078:
5069:
5039:
4966:from the original on 6 May 2021
4896:from the original on 5 May 2021
4806:from the original on 5 May 2021
4587:(Procession of the Nobles from
4473:
4413:
4382:
4357:
4342:
4333:
4244:
4204:
4191:
4097:
4084:
4072:from the original on 7 May 2011
4054:
4028:
3998:
3968:
3956:from the original on 9 May 2016
3938:
3924:
3898:
3864:
3799:
3790:
3781:
3772:
3725:. University Press of Florida.
3658:
3646:
3633:
3603:
3580:
3554:
3541:
3528:
3497:
3443:
3430:
3421:
3406:
3384:
3331:
3318:
3293:
3240:
3208:
3178:
3089:
3032:
3007:
2982:
2957:
2931:
2906:
2886:
2866:
2848:
2646:Apollo Masters Corporation fire
2376:45 rpm records, like this
2367:
2330:
2151:needs additional citations for
2075:one-sided 45 rpm singles.
1551:Kombinat Rundfunk und Fernsehen
1374:Seeburg Background Music System
1264:16 rpm record (label only)
1118:Uncommon Columbia 7-inch vinyl
840:'s Creole Jazz Band, including
570:, Victor's affiliate in England
502:
412:
396:), black disc, album, and more
10255:Largest recorded music markets
10162:Highest-grossing concert tours
6630:Fadeyev, V.; C. Haber (2003).
5960:Fadeyev, V.; C. Haber (2003).
5750:Feldman, Len (December 1979).
3840:"Recording Technology History"
3746:Allain, Rhett (11 July 2014).
3216:"The Life of Thomas A. Edison"
2831:
2807:
2770:
2751:
2725:
2703:
2681:
2658:
2495:
2254:Broken Record (disambiguation)
2131:
1200:
1018:released a promotional 78-rpm
635:King Oliver's Creole Jazz Band
557:Victor Talking Machine Company
492:Musée des ondes Emile Berliner
481:Victor Talking Machine Company
475:, who owned a machine shop in
13:
1:
8463:Electronic musical instrument
6811:How do vinyl record works at
6715:The Oxford Companion to Music
6687:Broadcast Transcription Discs
6253:in Swedish (original text) –
5391:. Thomson Reuters Corporation
5207:Rose, Brent (20 April 2018).
5181:Hogan, Marc (11 April 2018).
4989:VEB Phonotechnik Pirna/Zittau
4389:Morton, David L. Jr. (2006).
3126:Fabry, Merrill (1 May 2018).
2651:
2547:
2543:Less common recording formats
2411:Popularity and current status
1949:Columbia pressed many 7-inch
1501:In 1957 the first commercial
1340:45 rpm vinyl record from 1965
893:and his Band's recording of "
886:, on 40 single-sided discs.
662:
566:in Hanover, Germany, for the
560:
10311:Record production portal
9127:Independent UK record labels
8930:Record production portal
8769:Record production portal
8658:Institute of Broadcast Sound
7329:Thermionic Products Recordon
5075:Columbia Record Catalog 1950
4220:Williams, Trevor I. (1982).
3564:. Bone Music. 19 July 2020.
2814:Deb Amlen (7 October 2011).
2776:The 2 slower speeds used by
2433:mixing vinyl records with a
2059:
1437:Capacitance Electronic Discs
989:In 1968, when the hit movie
889:In 1940, Commodore released
7:
10179:Most-attended concert tours
8678:Musical Electronics Library
7716:Analog-to-digital converter
7623:Nippon Electronic Memo-call
6086:– via urbigenous.net.
4309:Gorman, Robert (May 1949).
4185:The First Long-Playing Disc
4157:. 26 June 1948. p. 3.
3551:, February 23, 1930, p. 118
2893:Don't Call It Vinyl Cutting
2676:Kitchener – Waterloo Record
2598:Capacitance Electronic Disc
2575:
2566:Capacitance Electronic Disc
2560:Capacitance Electronic Disc
2502:resurgence of vinyl records
1248:, issued in November 1954.
392:(originally a trademark of
141:
10:
10391:
10365:History of sound recording
10194:Wealthiest musical artists
10047:Best-selling music artists
8425:Sound reinforcement system
8334:Sound reinforcement system
7839:Compact Disc Digital Audio
6923:Music box cylinder or disc
6826:. Educational video, 1942.
6099:Journal of Popular Culture
5695:"inFact: Vinyl vs Digital"
5487:Shay Sayre, Cynthia King,
4912:VEB Deutsche Schallplatten
4850:VEB Deutsche Schallplatten
4524:filtering. In this model,
3952:. 25 May 1968. p. 3.
3932:"History of Record Albums"
3687:Cambridge University Press
2414:
2334:
2251:
2238:
1990:
1570:
1450:
1143:had long been at work for
1091:
1065:2011, Capitol re-released
995:was inspiring revivals of
895:A Good Man Is Hard to Find
601:always ran at 80 rpm.
515:record, 90 to 100 rpm
419:History of sound recording
416:
352:
232:D'Oyly Carte Opera Company
114:, giving it the nickname "
29:
10298:
10202:
10034:
9969:
9898:
9889:
9801:
9765:New Zealand singles chart
9686:
9650:
9541:
9319:
9221:
9186:
9140:
9083:
9047:
8986:
8977:
8919:
8898:
8865:
8814:
8758:
8706:
8648:Audio Engineering Society
8640:
8564:
8546:Software effect processor
8526:Digital audio workstation
8511:
8433:
8375:
8367:Digital signal processing
8352:
8306:
8248:
8190:
8131:Digital audio workstation
8106:
8078:
7985:
7920:
7829:
7798:
7766:
7757:
7714:
7539:Grundig Cassette LFH 0084
7432:
7356:
7318:
7301:
7220:
7200:
7157:
7135:
7064:
6976:
6959:
6950:
6913:
6849:vinyl-pressing-plants.com
6640:Audio Engineering Society
6046:Souvignier, Todd (2004).
5970:Audio Engineering Society
5639:Small Signal Audio Design
4479:Reed, Peter Hugh (1958).
3890:: CS1 maint: unfit URL (
3538:, 16 January 1926, p. 16.
2994:dictionary.archivists.org
2990:"SAA Dictionary: platter"
2760:"Why metrication matters"
1843:
1840:
1760:
1757:
1677:
1674:
1564:Phonotechnik Pirna/Zittau
1482:Decoding the left channel
1252:Microgroove and vinyl era
1195:
1061:As a special release for
582:electricity supply at 60
375:
54:, a 10 inch LP, a 7 inch
10235:Christian music industry
9750:GfK Entertainment charts
9394:Professional audio store
8739:Professional audio store
8641:People and organizations
8627:Sound recording engineer
7789:Digital Compact Cassette
7677:Capitol Records Audiopak
7527:Dictaphone Travel master
7323:Telefunken magnetic disc
7292:Crouzet-Jaeger cartridge
6000:Music Musings & Such
4771:"Das UC-Kompandersystem"
3879:Enter May 28 See bottom.
3356:Copeland, Peter (2008).
2899:23 February 2017 at the
2855:Jessica Lyngaas (2016).
2608:Electrical transcription
2590:Record production portal
2247:
1758:10 in (25 cm)
1675:12 in (30 cm)
1620:16 in (41 cm)
992:Thoroughly Modern Millie
631:Lillian Hardin Armstrong
607:constant linear velocity
498:78 rpm disc developments
9642:Music streaming service
9075:Disney Music Publishing
8157:Microphone preamplifier
7605:Assmann-Stuzzi Memocord
7286:Protona Minifon special
6907:audio recording formats
6798:University of San Diego
6727:The Fabulous Phonograph
5051:Littlewonderrecords.com
4986:(NB. Has pictures of a
4659:; the ticks, pops, and
4619:) 3. Little B's Poem (
4455:"Stereo disc recording"
4353:. New York. p. 67.
4252:"The War of the Speeds"
4228:Oxford University Press
4006:"The Beatles at 78 RPM"
3845:University of San Diego
3677:Millard, Andre (1995).
3641:From Tin Foil to Stereo
3506:"Vacuum Tubes (Valves)"
3326:Music Educators Journal
2778:the Library of Congress
2670:16 January 2013 at the
2564:Another example is the
2358:Red Book specifications
2020:In the 1950s and 1960s
1841:7 in (18 cm)
1514:Noise reduction systems
770:was front-page news in
712:at Victor's studios in
10184:Most-attended concerts
10152:Highest-paid musicians
8827:Direct-drive turntable
8098:Electronic and digital
7689:Bandai micro cartridge
7635:Muntz Stereo Mini-twin
6746:Pressing the LP Record
6685:Powell, James R., Jr.
6671:Powell, James R., Jr.
6457:Leimkuehler, Matthew.
5905:"The Transfer Session"
5636:Self, Douglas (2002).
5583:premier-recordsinc.com
4997:direct drive turntable
4992:Ziphona HMK-PA2223, a
4988:
4557:Philharmonia Hungarica
3665:The Amazing Phonograph
3562:"Nazi Era Flexi Discs"
3281:"First It Said 'Mary'"
3162:. First Sounds. 2008.
2442:
2439:Sundance Film Festival
2385:
2279:
2071:
1940:
1612:Revolutions per minute
1597:
1563:
1544:
1483:
1341:
1265:
1221:
1177:
1137:
1111:
1103:
855:started recording for
784:
755:
746:
739:
668:
611:Noel Pemberton Billing
602:
571:
541:
516:
464:
455:The first disc records
259:revolutions per minute
243:
153:
58:
30:For the magazine, see
10265:Most valuable records
10260:Most expensive albums
10215:Album-equivalent unit
9745:Italian singles chart
9602:Promotional recording
9070:Warner Chappell Music
9060:Sony Music Publishing
9055:BMG Rights Management
8822:Phonograph/gramophone
7557:Cousino Echo-matic II
7037:Indestructible record
6566:(17 September 2018).
6564:Taylor, Matthew "Mat"
6382:. 10 September 2020.
6274:. Thecmuwebsite.com.
6237:"SVT Text - Sida 150"
5437:"BBC - Music - Vinyl"
5348:on 28 September 2007.
4696:Taylor, Matthew "Mat"
4639:, the world's finest
4605:Sherman Martin Austin
4597:Hungarian Dance No. 5
4481:American record guide
3453:studio is available.
3392:"Pro Audio Reference"
3101:National Park Service
3044:TheFreeDictionary.com
2879:8 August 2017 at the
2428:
2375:
2351:anti-aliasing filters
2335:Further information:
2277:
2067:
1938:
1615:Approximate duration
1595:
1481:
1451:Further information:
1339:
1259:
1218:spindle size adapters
1208:
1190:The War of the Speeds
1168:
1117:
1109:
1101:
831:78 rpm recording time
776:
768:Waldorf-Astoria Hotel
752:
744:
735:
733:music critic stated:
683:, amplifying it with
656:
596:
546:
536:
510:
462:
229:
211:, in the form of the
152:
49:
10240:Environmental impact
10140:Best-selling singles
9153:Digital music stores
8832:Belt-drive turntable
8556:Software synthesizer
8521:Digital audio editor
8307:Playback transducers
8167:Multitrack recording
7653:Sanyo Tape cartridge
7479:Rediffusion Reditune
7358:Loose (reel-to-reel)
7309:Magnetic stripe card
7238:US Army RD-11B/GNQ-1
7003:Perfected phonograph
6931:(early 17th century)
6490:(Limited ed.).
6272:"Vinyl sales up 55%"
6032:Entertainment Weekly
5878:ECL (7 April 2024).
5365:27 July 2011 at the
4956:"Ziphona HMK-PA2223"
4791:. pp. 592–595.
4746:. pp. 311–313.
4555:Track list: Side A:
3709:record playing time.
3449:A photograph of the
2269:like a broken record
2160:improve this article
1031:In the same vein of
818:classical 78s, at a
760:Orthophonic Victrola
704:'s "Impromptus" and
649:Electrical recording
637:, which recorded at
449:phonograph cylinders
384:(American English),
366:lacquer master discs
10270:Music certification
10250:Largest music deals
10128:Best-selling albums
9961:The Country Network
9740:Irish Singles Chart
9389:Musical instruments
8873:Phonograph cylinder
8809:Grooved track audio
7467:Mohawk Midgetape RL
7280:Protona Minifon P55
7274:Protona Minifon P51
7049:Blue Amberol record
7031:Gold moulded record
7025:Le CĂ©leste cylinder
6997:Dictaphone cylinder
6987:Phonograph cylinder
6813:vinyl-place website
5911:on 20 November 2005
5832:Scientific American
5730:Scientific American
5527:Guttenberg, Steve.
5504:. A.biglobe.ne.jp.
5371:Arcane Radio Trivia
5023:. 16 October 1963.
4698:(19 October 2017).
4629:harmonic distortion
4504:on 10 November 2017
4339:Soderbergh, p. 194.
4197:Marmorstein, Gary.
3372:on 22 December 2015
3253:Library of Congress
3221:Library of Congress
2764:Metrication Matters
2626:Phonograph cylinder
2622:(photo documentary)
2175:"Phonograph record"
2100:1970s energy crisis
2035:Recent developments
1987:Less common formats
1897:EP (Extended Play)
1540:UC compander system
1370:Seeburg Corporation
866:Gallagher and Shean
599:Edison Disc Records
580:alternating current
473:Eldridge R. Johnson
443:invented the first
370:Hand Drawn Pressing
201:phonograph cylinder
39:Phonograph cylinder
10360:Hip hop production
9783:SNEP singles chart
9558:Extended play (EP)
9329:Album cover design
8607:Re-recording mixer
8410:Keyboard amplifier
8126:Binaural recording
7922:Electronic circuit
7777:Digital Audio Tape
7491:RCA tape cartridge
7449:Cousino Echo-matic
7347:Audio High Density
7096:Edison Voicewriter
6713:Scholes, Percy A.
6580:on 29 October 2021
6544:on 29 October 2021
6486:(23 March 2018) .
6187:. 4 September 2001
6130:The New York Times
5977:(December): 1172.
5705:on 29 October 2021
5469:on 17 October 2008
5017:Aardvark Mastering
4782:VEB Verlag Technik
4737:VEB Verlag Technik
4712:on 29 October 2021
4581:Damnation of Faust
4114:The New York Times
4107:(6 October 2012).
3615:Musicinthemail.com
3596:2013-05-10 at the
3587:The New York Times
3549:The New York Times
3536:The New York Times
3510:Edison Tech Center
3427:Scholes, plate 73.
3289:. pp. 87–102.
3019:www.etymonline.com
2821:The New York Times
2443:
2386:
2280:
2092:polyvinyl chloride
2072:
1941:
1650:Transcription disc
1598:
1484:
1474:Stereophonic sound
1342:
1266:
1240:' last reissue of
1222:
1178:
1138:
1112:
1104:
874:His Master's Voice
774:, which reported:
772:The New York Times
756:
747:
726:The New York Times
714:Camden, New Jersey
669:
617:Acoustic recording
603:
572:
568:Gramophone Company
517:
477:Camden, New Jersey
465:
360:Present production
244:
236:acoustic recording
154:
120:polyvinyl chloride
59:
18:Phonograph records
10332:
10331:
10275:Parental Advisory
10230:Bootleg recording
10220:A-side and B-side
10077:
10030:
10029:
9946:The Music Factory
9788:Sverigetopplistan
9712:Argentina Hot 100
9678:Music competition
9668:Concert residency
9607:Phonograph record
9577:
9537:
9536:
9364:Music and fashion
9349:Entertainment law
9217:
9216:
9178:Virgin Megastores
8980:and organizations
8937:
8936:
8878:Phonograph record
8776:
8775:
8582:Guitar technician
8478:Music workstation
8362:Digital recording
8339:Speaker enclosure
8258:8-track cartridge
8200:Phonograph record
8038:
8037:
7981:
7980:
7710:
7709:
7545:Orrtronic Tapette
7473:Dictaphone Dictet
7072:Phonograph record
6929:Mechanical cuckoo
6843:Audacity Tutorial
6778:978-1-4094-4027-7
6658:. Third edition,
6647:(December): 1172.
6304:. 15 April 2016.
6165:. 29 January 2024
6065:978-0-634-05833-2
5801:. Wiley. p.
5330:. p. 229 ff.
4942:Microsoft Windows
4553:. 1979. NAK-100.
4433:978-0-471-79147-8
4277:. 20 March 2008.
4254:. 16 August 2022.
4090:Goldmark, Peter.
3912:on 5 January 2012
3872:"On This Date..."
3305:Canadashistory.ca
2918:Apollomasters.com
2721:on 20 April 2016.
2486:personal computer
2451:8-track cartridge
2447:reel-to-reel tape
2404:digital recording
2236:
2235:
2228:
2210:
2096:polyvinyl acetate
1933:
1932:
1606:Finished Diameter
1376:in 1959, using a
1025:Champagne Charlie
857:Commodore Records
851:In January 1938,
780:John Philip Sousa
764:transmission-line
404:Early development
386:gramophone record
382:phonograph record
173:
160:78 rpm video
67:gramophone record
65:(also known as a
63:phonograph record
33:Phonograph Record
16:(Redirected from
10382:
10321:
10320:
10309:
10308:
10307:
10075:
9896:
9895:
9793:UK singles chart
9725:Canadian Hot 100
9617:Compact cassette
9555:
9502:Session musician
9477:Hip hop producer
9435:
9434:
9369:Music journalism
9301:Rhythm and blues
9019:IFPI (worldwide)
8984:
8983:
8964:
8957:
8950:
8941:
8940:
8928:
8927:
8926:
8803:
8796:
8789:
8780:
8779:
8767:
8766:
8765:
8653:Goji Electronics
8592:Monitor engineer
8551:Software sampler
8458:Electronic drums
8435:Electronic music
8405:Guitar amplifier
8250:Analog recording
8210:Compact cassette
8172:Music production
8080:Music technology
8072:Music technology
8065:
8058:
8051:
8042:
8041:
7764:
7763:
7617:DC-International
7575:Compact cassette
7393:Fullcoat magfilm
7335:Record Maker Pye
7302:Magnetic surface
7232:Lorenz Textophon
7055:Paradis cylinder
7019:Stentor cylinder
6957:
6956:
6899:
6892:
6885:
6876:
6875:
6870:Vinyl Player 2.0
6752:Sound Recordings
6648:
6636:
6616:
6615:
6613:
6611:
6600:
6594:
6589:
6587:
6585:
6576:. Archived from
6560:
6554:
6553:
6551:
6549:
6540:. Archived from
6529:
6523:
6507:
6505:
6503:
6492:Grönland Records
6480:
6474:
6473:
6471:
6469:
6454:
6448:
6447:
6445:
6443:
6428:
6422:
6421:
6419:
6417:
6405:McIntyre, Hugh.
6402:
6396:
6395:
6393:
6391:
6376:
6370:
6369:
6367:
6365:
6354:
6348:
6347:
6345:
6343:
6324:
6318:
6317:
6315:
6313:
6294:
6288:
6287:
6285:
6283:
6268:
6262:
6252:
6250:
6248:
6232:
6226:
6225:
6223:
6221:
6206:
6197:
6196:
6194:
6192:
6181:
6175:
6174:
6172:
6170:
6155:
6149:
6148:
6146:
6144:
6121:
6115:
6114:
6094:
6088:
6087:
6076:
6070:
6069:
6053:
6043:
6037:
6036:
6026:
6020:
6017:
6011:
6010:
6008:
6006:
5992:
5986:
5985:
5983:
5966:
5957:
5951:
5950:
5948:
5946:
5927:
5921:
5920:
5918:
5916:
5907:. Archived from
5901:
5895:
5894:
5892:
5890:
5875:
5869:
5855:
5849:
5848:
5846:
5844:
5823:
5817:
5816:
5792:
5786:
5785:
5783:
5781:
5766:
5760:
5759:
5747:
5741:
5740:
5738:
5736:
5721:
5715:
5714:
5712:
5710:
5701:. Archived from
5690:
5684:
5683:
5681:
5679:
5664:
5658:
5657:
5633:
5627:
5626:
5610:
5600:
5594:
5593:
5591:
5589:
5575:
5569:
5568:
5566:
5564:
5550:
5544:
5543:
5541:
5539:
5524:
5518:
5517:
5515:
5513:
5498:
5492:
5485:
5479:
5478:
5476:
5474:
5465:. Archived from
5459:
5453:
5452:
5450:
5448:
5443:on 15 March 2008
5439:. Archived from
5433:
5427:
5426:
5424:
5422:
5407:
5401:
5400:
5398:
5396:
5380:
5374:
5356:
5350:
5349:
5338:
5332:
5331:
5323:
5317:
5316:
5308:
5302:
5301:
5299:
5297:
5282:
5276:
5275:
5273:
5271:
5256:
5250:
5249:
5247:
5245:
5230:
5224:
5223:
5221:
5219:
5204:
5198:
5197:
5195:
5193:
5178:
5172:
5171:
5160:
5154:
5153:
5151:
5149:
5126:
5120:
5117:
5111:
5108:
5102:
5099:
5093:
5092:
5090:
5082:
5076:
5073:
5067:
5066:
5064:
5062:
5043:
5037:
5036:
5034:
5032:
5009:
5000:
4991:
4975:
4973:
4971:
4951:
4945:
4939:
4935:
4924:
4914:unter dem Label
4903:
4901:
4885:
4876:
4875:
4867:
4830:Wonneberg, Frank
4826:
4817:
4815:
4813:
4811:
4805:
4790:
4775:
4766:
4757:
4755:
4745:
4728:
4722:
4721:
4719:
4717:
4708:. Archived from
4692:
4686:
4685:
4665:turntable rumble
4635:. The result is
4621:Bobby Hutcherson
4535:
4529:
4526:High-Com II
4513:
4511:
4509:
4503:
4490:
4484:
4477:
4471:
4470:
4468:
4466:
4451:
4442:
4441:
4417:
4411:
4410:
4386:
4380:
4379:
4377:
4375:
4361:
4355:
4354:
4346:
4340:
4337:
4331:
4330:
4306:
4300:
4294:
4283:
4282:
4271:"The 45 Adaptor"
4267:
4256:
4255:
4248:
4242:
4241:
4217:
4211:
4208:
4202:
4195:
4189:
4181:
4175:
4173:
4171:
4169:
4163:
4150:
4142:
4133:
4132:
4123:
4121:
4101:
4095:
4088:
4082:
4081:
4079:
4077:
4058:
4052:
4051:
4049:
4047:
4032:
4026:
4025:
4023:
4021:
4002:
3996:
3995:
3993:
3991:
3980:Books.google.com
3972:
3966:
3965:
3963:
3961:
3950:Books.google.com
3942:
3936:
3935:
3928:
3922:
3921:
3919:
3917:
3902:
3896:
3895:
3889:
3881:
3875:Songs By Sinatra
3868:
3862:
3861:
3859:
3857:
3852:on 29 March 2007
3848:. Archived from
3836:
3827:
3826:
3824:
3822:
3803:
3797:
3794:
3788:
3785:
3779:
3776:
3770:
3769:
3767:
3765:
3743:
3737:
3736:
3718:
3712:
3711:
3705:Internet Archive
3684:
3674:
3668:
3662:
3656:
3650:
3644:
3637:
3631:
3630:
3628:
3626:
3607:
3601:
3584:
3578:
3577:
3575:
3573:
3558:
3552:
3545:
3539:
3532:
3526:
3525:
3523:
3521:
3501:
3495:
3488:Jacques Chailley
3485:
3476:
3475:
3473:
3471:
3447:
3441:
3434:
3428:
3425:
3419:
3418:
3410:
3404:
3403:
3401:
3399:
3388:
3382:
3381:
3379:
3377:
3371:
3364:
3353:
3344:
3343:
3335:
3329:
3322:
3316:
3315:
3313:
3311:
3297:
3291:
3290:
3276:
3270:
3269:
3267:
3265:
3244:
3238:
3237:
3235:
3233:
3212:
3206:
3205:
3182:
3176:
3175:
3173:
3171:
3156:
3150:
3149:
3147:
3145:
3123:
3117:
3116:
3114:
3112:
3103:. 17 July 2017.
3093:
3087:
3086:
3084:
3082:
3061:
3055:
3054:
3052:
3050:
3040:"licorice pizza"
3036:
3030:
3029:
3027:
3025:
3011:
3005:
3004:
3002:
3000:
2986:
2980:
2979:
2977:
2975:
2961:
2955:
2954:
2952:
2950:
2935:
2929:
2928:
2926:
2924:
2910:
2904:
2890:
2884:
2870:
2864:
2863:
2852:
2846:
2845:
2841:. p. 1137.
2835:
2829:
2828:
2811:
2805:
2804:
2797:Information Week
2791:
2785:
2774:
2768:
2767:
2755:
2749:
2748:
2746:
2744:
2729:
2723:
2722:
2717:. Archived from
2707:
2701:
2700:
2685:
2679:
2662:
2631:Record Store Day
2592:
2587:
2586:
2585:
2507:digital download
2455:compact cassette
2326:
2325:
2321:
2318:
2231:
2224:
2220:
2217:
2211:
2209:
2168:
2144:
2136:
2042:
2016:
2015:
2011:
2008:
1979:
1978:
1974:
1971:
1962:
1961:
1957:
1954:
1928:
1927:
1923:
1920:
1888:
1887:
1883:
1880:
1866:
1865:
1861:
1856:
1855:
1851:
1848:
1805:
1804:
1800:
1797:
1783:
1782:
1778:
1773:
1772:
1768:
1765:
1722:
1721:
1717:
1714:
1700:
1699:
1695:
1690:
1689:
1685:
1682:
1666:
1665:
1661:
1658:
1645:
1644:
1640:
1635:
1634:
1630:
1627:
1600:
1599:
1588:Standard formats
1576:Types of records
1566:
1560:
1547:
1421:
1420:
1416:
1413:
1408:, and sometimes
1407:
1406:
1402:
1399:
1389:
1388:
1384:
1381:
1355:Columbia Records
1315:Rosemary Clooney
1299:Columbia Records
1296:
1295:
1291:
1288:
1238:Columbia Records
1152:Columbia Records
1145:Columbia Records
1141:CBS Laboratories
1131:
1130:
1126:
1123:
1082:Peyton on Patton
1063:Record Store Day
974:Nutcracker Suite
948:Rhapsody in Blue
919:'s recording of
914:
913:
909:
906:
795:78 rpm materials
788:Great Depression
673:Western Electric
667:
664:
609:, controlled by
565:
562:
394:Columbia Records
330:
329:
325:
322:
316:
315:
311:
308:
302:
301:
297:
294:
288:
287:
283:
280:
274:
273:
269:
266:
255:rotational speed
205:compact cassette
175:
174:
151:
69:, especially in
21:
10390:
10389:
10385:
10384:
10383:
10381:
10380:
10379:
10335:
10334:
10333:
10328:
10305:
10303:
10294:
10198:
10026:
9965:
9885:
9880:Top of the Pops
9845:Musica e dischi
9797:
9682:
9646:
9566:Cassette single
9544:
9533:
9487:Record producer
9433:
9404:Radio promotion
9374:Music publisher
9359:Music executive
9354:Music education
9321:
9315:
9213:
9182:
9136:
9079:
9043:
8987:Representatives
8979:
8978:Major companies
8973:
8968:
8938:
8933:
8924:
8922:
8915:
8894:
8861:
8857:Laser turntable
8810:
8807:
8777:
8772:
8763:
8761:
8754:
8702:
8636:
8602:Record producer
8587:Mixing engineer
8560:
8507:
8473:MIDI controller
8448:Circuit bending
8429:
8371:
8348:
8324:Monitor speaker
8302:
8244:
8192:Recording media
8186:
8177:Music sequencer
8162:Monitor speaker
8108:Sound recording
8102:
8074:
8069:
8039:
8034:
7977:
7966:USB flash drive
7960:Toymax VJ Starz
7916:
7825:
7794:
7753:
7706:
7569:Philips EL 3583
7515:Cousino MR-9000
7503:Protona Attaché
7497:Philips EL 3581
7428:
7352:
7314:
7297:
7216:
7201:Loose magnetic
7196:
7153:
7131:
7060:
6972:
6960:Grooved surface
6946:
6909:
6903:
6808:
6803:
6800:(archived 2010)
6666:College Physics
6634:
6625:
6623:Further reading
6620:
6619:
6609:
6607:
6602:
6601:
6597:
6583:
6581:
6561:
6557:
6547:
6545:
6530:
6526:
6501:
6499:
6481:
6477:
6467:
6465:
6455:
6451:
6441:
6439:
6429:
6425:
6415:
6413:
6403:
6399:
6389:
6387:
6378:
6377:
6373:
6363:
6361:
6356:
6355:
6351:
6341:
6339:
6326:
6325:
6321:
6311:
6309:
6296:
6295:
6291:
6281:
6279:
6270:
6269:
6265:
6246:
6244:
6235:
6233:
6229:
6219:
6217:
6208:
6207:
6200:
6190:
6188:
6183:
6182:
6178:
6168:
6166:
6157:
6156:
6152:
6142:
6140:
6122:
6118:
6095:
6091:
6077:
6073:
6066:
6044:
6040:
6027:
6023:
6018:
6014:
6004:
6002:
5994:
5993:
5989:
5981:
5964:
5958:
5954:
5944:
5942:
5929:
5928:
5924:
5914:
5912:
5903:
5902:
5898:
5888:
5886:
5876:
5872:
5856:
5852:
5842:
5840:
5825:
5824:
5820:
5813:
5798:Physics. 4th ed
5793:
5789:
5779:
5777:
5767:
5763:
5756:Popular Science
5748:
5744:
5734:
5732:
5722:
5718:
5708:
5706:
5691:
5687:
5677:
5675:
5666:
5665:
5661:
5650:
5634:
5630:
5623:
5601:
5597:
5587:
5585:
5577:
5576:
5572:
5562:
5560:
5552:
5551:
5547:
5537:
5535:
5525:
5521:
5511:
5509:
5500:
5499:
5495:
5486:
5482:
5472:
5470:
5461:
5460:
5456:
5446:
5444:
5435:
5434:
5430:
5420:
5418:
5408:
5404:
5394:
5392:
5381:
5377:
5367:Wayback Machine
5357:
5353:
5340:
5339:
5335:
5324:
5320:
5309:
5305:
5295:
5293:
5284:
5283:
5279:
5269:
5267:
5258:
5257:
5253:
5243:
5241:
5231:
5227:
5217:
5215:
5205:
5201:
5191:
5189:
5179:
5175:
5162:
5161:
5157:
5147:
5145:
5127:
5123:
5118:
5114:
5109:
5105:
5100:
5096:
5088:
5084:
5083:
5079:
5074:
5070:
5060:
5058:
5045:
5044:
5040:
5030:
5028:
5011:
5010:
5003:
4969:
4967:
4952:
4948:
4937:
4918:
4899:
4897:
4886:
4879:
4861:
4844:
4827:
4820:
4809:
4807:
4803:
4784:
4773:
4767:
4760:
4739:
4729:
4725:
4715:
4713:
4693:
4689:
4585:Rimsky-Korsakov
4561:Zoltan Rozsnyai
4537:
4536:
4532:
4507:
4505:
4492:
4491:
4487:
4478:
4474:
4464:
4462:
4453:
4452:
4445:
4434:
4418:
4414:
4403:
4387:
4383:
4373:
4371:
4363:
4362:
4358:
4347:
4343:
4338:
4334:
4315:Popular Science
4307:
4303:
4295:
4286:
4269:
4268:
4259:
4250:
4249:
4245:
4238:
4218:
4214:
4209:
4205:
4196:
4192:
4182:
4178:
4167:
4165:
4161:
4148:
4144:
4143:
4136:
4119:
4117:
4102:
4098:
4089:
4085:
4075:
4073:
4066:Bigdamnband.com
4060:
4059:
4055:
4045:
4043:
4034:
4033:
4029:
4019:
4017:
4004:
4003:
3999:
3989:
3987:
3974:
3973:
3969:
3959:
3957:
3944:
3943:
3939:
3930:
3929:
3925:
3915:
3913:
3904:
3903:
3899:
3883:
3882:
3870:
3869:
3865:
3855:
3853:
3838:
3837:
3830:
3820:
3818:
3805:
3804:
3800:
3795:
3791:
3786:
3782:
3777:
3773:
3763:
3761:
3744:
3740:
3733:
3719:
3715:
3701:
3675:
3671:
3663:
3659:
3651:
3647:
3638:
3634:
3624:
3622:
3609:
3608:
3604:
3598:Wayback Machine
3585:
3581:
3571:
3569:
3560:
3559:
3555:
3546:
3542:
3533:
3529:
3519:
3517:
3502:
3498:
3486:
3479:
3469:
3467:
3454:
3451:Gennett Records
3448:
3444:
3435:
3431:
3426:
3422:
3411:
3407:
3397:
3395:
3394:. 78 rpm record
3390:
3389:
3385:
3375:
3373:
3369:
3362:
3354:
3347:
3336:
3332:
3323:
3319:
3309:
3307:
3299:
3298:
3294:
3277:
3273:
3263:
3261:
3246:
3245:
3241:
3231:
3229:
3214:
3213:
3209:
3198:
3184:
3183:
3179:
3169:
3167:
3158:
3157:
3153:
3143:
3141:
3124:
3120:
3110:
3108:
3095:
3094:
3090:
3080:
3078:
3063:
3062:
3058:
3048:
3046:
3038:
3037:
3033:
3023:
3021:
3013:
3012:
3008:
2998:
2996:
2988:
2987:
2983:
2973:
2971:
2963:
2962:
2958:
2948:
2946:
2936:
2932:
2922:
2920:
2912:
2911:
2907:
2901:Wayback Machine
2895:. DJBROADCAST.
2891:
2887:
2881:Wayback Machine
2871:
2867:
2853:
2849:
2837:
2836:
2832:
2812:
2808:
2800:. p. 176.
2792:
2788:
2775:
2771:
2756:
2752:
2742:
2740:
2730:
2726:
2709:
2708:
2704:
2687:
2686:
2682:
2672:Wayback Machine
2663:
2659:
2654:
2588:
2583:
2581:
2578:
2562:
2554:black and white
2550:
2545:
2498:
2423:
2413:
2370:
2339:
2333:
2323:
2319:
2316:
2314:
2296:
2257:
2250:
2241:
2232:
2221:
2215:
2212:
2169:
2167:
2157:
2145:
2134:
2088:
2069:
2062:
2040:
2037:
2013:
2009:
2006:
2004:
1995:
1989:
1976:
1972:
1969:
1967:
1959:
1955:
1952:
1950:
1925:
1921:
1918:
1916:
1885:
1881:
1878:
1876:
1873:(Extended Play)
1863:
1859:
1858:
1853:
1849:
1846:
1844:
1817:(Extended Play)
1809:12–15 min/side
1802:
1798:
1795:
1793:
1780:
1776:
1775:
1770:
1766:
1763:
1761:
1719:
1715:
1712:
1710:
1697:
1693:
1692:
1687:
1683:
1680:
1678:
1663:
1659:
1656:
1654:
1642:
1638:
1637:
1632:
1628:
1625:
1623:
1590:
1578:
1573:
1554:
1530:noise reduction
1516:
1496:vector addition
1476:
1455:
1449:
1418:
1414:
1411:
1409:
1404:
1400:
1397:
1395:
1386:
1382:
1379:
1377:
1372:introduced the
1301:reissue of any
1293:
1289:
1286:
1284:
1254:
1203:
1198:
1156:Waldorf-Astoria
1128:
1124:
1121:
1119:
1096:
1090:
1071:Good Vibrations
1045:My Girl's Pussy
987:
965:
953:George Gershwin
911:
907:
904:
902:
846:Gennett Records
842:Louis Armstrong
833:
797:
665:
651:
643:Louis Armstrong
639:Gennett Records
619:
563:
559:, manufactured
505:
500:
457:
421:
415:
406:
378:
362:
327:
323:
320:
318:
313:
309:
306:
304:
299:
295:
292:
290:
285:
281:
278:
276:
271:
267:
264:
262:
197:
196:
188:
186:
185:
184:
183:
176:
165:
162:
155:
149:
144:
71:British English
42:
28:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
10388:
10378:
10377:
10372:
10370:Recorded music
10367:
10362:
10357:
10352:
10347:
10330:
10329:
10327:
10326:
10314:
10299:
10296:
10295:
10293:
10292:
10287:
10285:Surprise album
10282:
10277:
10272:
10267:
10262:
10257:
10252:
10247:
10242:
10237:
10232:
10227:
10222:
10217:
10212:
10206:
10204:
10200:
10199:
10197:
10196:
10191:
10186:
10181:
10176:
10175:
10174:
10169:
10159:
10154:
10149:
10148:
10147:
10137:
10136:
10135:
10125:
10124:
10123:
10122:
10121:
10116:
10111:
10106:
10101:
10093:
10092:
10091:
10083:
10078:
10073:United Kingdom
10070:
10065:
10060:
10055:
10044:
10038:
10036:
10032:
10031:
10028:
10027:
10025:
10024:
10017:
10010:
10003:
9996:
9989:
9982:
9973:
9971:
9967:
9966:
9964:
9963:
9958:
9953:
9948:
9943:
9938:
9933:
9928:
9923:
9918:
9913:
9908:
9902:
9900:
9893:
9887:
9886:
9884:
9883:
9876:
9869:
9862:
9855:
9848:
9841:
9834:
9827:
9820:
9813:
9805:
9803:
9799:
9798:
9796:
9795:
9790:
9785:
9780:
9775:
9767:
9762:
9757:
9752:
9747:
9742:
9737:
9732:
9727:
9722:
9720:Brasil Hot 100
9714:
9706:
9698:
9692:
9690:
9684:
9683:
9681:
9680:
9675:
9673:Music festival
9670:
9665:
9660:
9654:
9652:
9648:
9647:
9645:
9644:
9639:
9637:Music download
9634:
9629:
9624:
9619:
9614:
9609:
9604:
9599:
9594:
9593:
9592:
9578:
9549:
9547:
9539:
9538:
9535:
9534:
9532:
9531:
9529:Sound engineer
9526:
9525:
9524:
9519:
9514:
9509:
9499:
9494:
9492:Rhythm section
9489:
9484:
9479:
9474:
9469:
9464:
9463:
9462:
9457:
9447:
9441:
9439:
9432:
9431:
9426:
9424:Talent manager
9421:
9416:
9411:
9406:
9401:
9396:
9391:
9386:
9381:
9376:
9371:
9366:
9361:
9356:
9351:
9346:
9341:
9336:
9331:
9325:
9323:
9317:
9316:
9314:
9313:
9308:
9303:
9298:
9293:
9288:
9283:
9278:
9273:
9268:
9263:
9258:
9253:
9248:
9243:
9241:Easy listening
9238:
9233:
9227:
9225:
9219:
9218:
9215:
9214:
9212:
9211:
9206:
9201:
9196:
9190:
9188:
9184:
9183:
9181:
9180:
9175:
9170:
9165:
9160:
9150:
9144:
9142:
9138:
9137:
9135:
9134:
9129:
9124:
9111:
9106:
9101:
9087:
9085:
9081:
9080:
9078:
9077:
9072:
9067:
9062:
9057:
9051:
9049:
9045:
9044:
9042:
9041:
9036:
9031:
9026:
9021:
9016:
9011:
9006:
9001:
8996:
8990:
8988:
8981:
8975:
8974:
8971:Music industry
8967:
8966:
8959:
8952:
8944:
8935:
8934:
8920:
8917:
8916:
8914:
8913:
8908:
8902:
8900:
8896:
8895:
8893:
8892:
8891:
8890:
8885:
8875:
8869:
8867:
8863:
8862:
8860:
8859:
8854:
8852:Record changer
8849:
8844:
8839:
8834:
8829:
8824:
8818:
8816:
8812:
8811:
8806:
8805:
8798:
8791:
8783:
8774:
8773:
8759:
8756:
8755:
8753:
8752:
8747:
8741:
8736:
8731:
8726:
8721:
8716:
8710:
8708:
8707:Related topics
8704:
8703:
8701:
8700:
8695:
8690:
8685:
8680:
8675:
8670:
8665:
8663:Lejaren Hiller
8660:
8655:
8650:
8644:
8642:
8638:
8637:
8635:
8634:
8629:
8624:
8622:Sound operator
8619:
8617:Sound follower
8614:
8612:Sound designer
8609:
8604:
8599:
8594:
8589:
8584:
8579:
8574:
8572:Audio engineer
8568:
8566:
8562:
8561:
8559:
8558:
8553:
8548:
8543:
8538:
8533:
8528:
8523:
8517:
8515:
8509:
8508:
8506:
8505:
8500:
8495:
8490:
8485:
8480:
8475:
8470:
8465:
8460:
8455:
8450:
8445:
8439:
8437:
8431:
8430:
8428:
8427:
8422:
8417:
8412:
8407:
8402:
8397:
8392:
8390:Bass amplifier
8387:
8385:Mixing console
8381:
8379:
8373:
8372:
8370:
8369:
8364:
8358:
8356:
8350:
8349:
8347:
8346:
8341:
8336:
8331:
8326:
8321:
8316:
8310:
8308:
8304:
8303:
8301:
8300:
8295:
8290:
8285:
8280:
8275:
8270:
8265:
8260:
8254:
8252:
8246:
8245:
8243:
8242:
8237:
8232:
8227:
8222:
8217:
8212:
8207:
8202:
8196:
8194:
8188:
8187:
8185:
8184:
8179:
8174:
8169:
8164:
8159:
8154:
8149:
8144:
8139:
8134:
8128:
8123:
8121:Mixing console
8118:
8112:
8110:
8104:
8103:
8101:
8100:
8095:
8090:
8084:
8082:
8076:
8075:
8068:
8067:
8060:
8053:
8045:
8036:
8035:
8033:
8032:
8026:
8023:Timecode vinyl
8020:
8014:
8008:
8002:
7996:
7989:
7987:
7983:
7982:
7979:
7978:
7976:
7975:
7969:
7963:
7957:
7951:
7945:
7939:
7933:
7926:
7924:
7918:
7917:
7915:
7914:
7908:
7902:
7896:
7890:
7884:
7878:
7872:
7869:Super Audio CD
7866:
7860:
7854:
7848:
7845:Philips CD-BGM
7842:
7835:
7833:
7827:
7826:
7824:
7823:
7817:
7811:
7804:
7802:
7796:
7795:
7793:
7792:
7786:
7780:
7773:
7771:
7761:
7755:
7754:
7752:
7751:
7745:
7739:
7733:
7727:
7720:
7718:
7712:
7711:
7708:
7707:
7705:
7704:
7701:Pocket Rockers
7698:
7692:
7686:
7680:
7674:
7668:
7665:Steno-Cassette
7662:
7656:
7650:
7644:
7641:Grundig DeJ614
7638:
7632:
7626:
7620:
7614:
7608:
7602:
7596:
7590:
7584:
7578:
7572:
7566:
7560:
7554:
7548:
7542:
7536:
7530:
7524:
7518:
7512:
7506:
7500:
7494:
7488:
7482:
7476:
7470:
7464:
7458:
7452:
7446:
7439:
7437:
7430:
7429:
7427:
7426:
7420:
7414:
7408:
7402:
7399:Stripe magfilm
7396:
7390:
7384:
7378:
7372:
7365:
7363:
7354:
7353:
7351:
7350:
7344:
7338:
7332:
7326:
7319:
7316:
7315:
7313:
7312:
7305:
7303:
7299:
7298:
7296:
7295:
7289:
7283:
7277:
7271:
7268:Peirce 330/360
7265:
7259:
7253:
7247:
7241:
7235:
7228:
7226:
7218:
7217:
7215:
7214:
7211:Wire recording
7207:
7205:
7198:
7197:
7195:
7194:
7188:
7182:
7176:
7170:
7163:
7161:
7155:
7154:
7152:
7151:
7145:
7139:
7137:
7133:
7132:
7130:
7129:
7123:
7117:
7111:
7105:
7099:
7093:
7090:Pathé Actuelle
7087:
7081:
7075:
7068:
7066:
7062:
7061:
7059:
7058:
7052:
7046:
7043:Amberol record
7040:
7034:
7028:
7022:
7016:
7013:Salon cylinder
7010:
7000:
6990:
6983:
6981:
6974:
6973:
6971:
6970:
6963:
6961:
6954:
6948:
6947:
6945:
6944:
6938:
6932:
6926:
6919:
6917:
6911:
6910:
6902:
6901:
6894:
6887:
6879:
6873:
6872:
6867:
6862:
6857:
6851:
6845:
6839:
6833:
6827:
6821:
6815:
6807:
6806:External links
6804:
6802:
6801:
6791:
6781:
6767:
6756:Peter Copeland
6749:
6743:
6737:
6724:
6718:
6711:
6697:
6683:
6669:
6663:
6652:
6649:
6626:
6624:
6621:
6618:
6617:
6606:. CEDMagic.com
6595:
6555:
6538:Randy Collects
6524:
6484:Czukay, Holger
6475:
6463:The Tennessean
6449:
6423:
6397:
6371:
6349:
6319:
6289:
6263:
6227:
6216:. 19 July 1998
6214:news.bbc.co.uk
6198:
6176:
6150:
6116:
6105:(1): 110,112.
6089:
6071:
6064:
6038:
6035:. No. 86.
6021:
6012:
5987:
5952:
5922:
5896:
5870:
5850:
5818:
5811:
5787:
5761:
5742:
5716:
5685:
5674:on 9 June 2009
5659:
5648:
5628:
5621:
5595:
5570:
5545:
5519:
5493:
5480:
5454:
5428:
5402:
5375:
5351:
5333:
5318:
5303:
5277:
5266:. 4 April 2019
5251:
5225:
5199:
5173:
5155:
5121:
5112:
5103:
5094:
5077:
5068:
5038:
5001:
4994:tangential arm
4946:
4938:UCExpander.exe
4877:
4842:
4818:
4758:
4723:
4687:
4679:, rumble, and
4615:) 2. Mimosa (
4530:
4485:
4472:
4443:
4432:
4412:
4401:
4381:
4356:
4341:
4332:
4301:
4284:
4257:
4243:
4236:
4212:
4203:
4190:
4176:
4134:
4096:
4083:
4068:. 5 May 2011.
4053:
4027:
3997:
3967:
3937:
3923:
3897:
3863:
3828:
3798:
3789:
3780:
3771:
3738:
3731:
3713:
3699:
3669:
3657:
3645:
3632:
3611:"LPs historic"
3602:
3589:(1925-10-07).
3579:
3553:
3540:
3527:
3496:
3477:
3442:
3436:Rick Kennedy,
3429:
3420:
3405:
3383:
3345:
3330:
3317:
3292:
3271:
3239:
3207:
3196:
3177:
3151:
3118:
3088:
3056:
3031:
3006:
2981:
2969:Dictionary.com
2956:
2930:
2905:
2885:
2865:
2847:
2830:
2806:
2786:
2769:
2758:Pat Naughtin.
2750:
2724:
2702:
2680:
2656:
2655:
2653:
2650:
2649:
2648:
2643:
2638:
2633:
2628:
2623:
2615:
2610:
2605:
2600:
2594:
2593:
2577:
2574:
2561:
2558:
2549:
2546:
2544:
2541:
2497:
2494:
2478:analog formats
2412:
2409:
2395:Nimbus Records
2369:
2366:
2332:
2329:
2295:
2294:Sound fidelity
2292:
2249:
2246:
2240:
2237:
2234:
2233:
2148:
2146:
2139:
2133:
2130:
2120:Following the
2087:
2084:
2061:
2058:
2036:
2033:
1991:Main article:
1988:
1985:
1984:
1983:
1982:
1981:
1964:
1931:
1930:
1914:
1911:
1905:
1904:
1901:
1898:
1894:
1893:
1890:
1874:
1868:
1842:
1838:
1837:
1834:
1831:
1825:
1824:
1823:9–12 min/side
1821:
1818:
1811:
1810:
1807:
1791:
1785:
1759:
1755:
1754:
1753:4–5 min/side.
1751:
1748:
1742:
1741:
1738:
1735:
1733:12-inch single
1728:
1727:
1724:
1708:
1702:
1676:
1672:
1671:
1668:
1652:
1647:
1621:
1617:
1616:
1613:
1610:
1607:
1604:
1589:
1586:
1577:
1574:
1572:
1569:
1515:
1512:
1475:
1472:
1448:
1445:
1427:45 rpm adapter
1253:
1250:
1246:Young at Heart
1202:
1199:
1197:
1194:
1174:Arthur Fiedler
1089:
1086:
1079:Charley Patton
1067:The Beach Boys
986:
983:
964:
961:
832:
829:
822:price. Later,
796:
793:
659:Carl Lindström
650:
647:
633:, a member of
618:
615:
553:Antonio Scotti
521:Emile Berliner
504:
501:
499:
496:
469:Emile Berliner
456:
453:
417:Main article:
414:
411:
405:
402:
377:
374:
361:
358:
187:
177:
163:
158:
157:
156:
147:
146:
145:
143:
140:
126:, also called
93:storage medium
26:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
10387:
10376:
10373:
10371:
10368:
10366:
10363:
10361:
10358:
10356:
10353:
10351:
10350:Audio storage
10348:
10346:
10345:1894 in music
10343:
10342:
10340:
10325:
10324:
10315:
10313:
10312:
10301:
10300:
10297:
10291:
10288:
10286:
10283:
10281:
10278:
10276:
10273:
10271:
10268:
10266:
10263:
10261:
10258:
10256:
10253:
10251:
10248:
10246:
10243:
10241:
10238:
10236:
10233:
10231:
10228:
10226:
10223:
10221:
10218:
10216:
10213:
10211:
10208:
10207:
10205:
10201:
10195:
10192:
10190:
10187:
10185:
10182:
10180:
10177:
10173:
10170:
10168:
10165:
10164:
10163:
10160:
10158:
10155:
10153:
10150:
10146:
10143:
10142:
10141:
10138:
10134:
10131:
10130:
10129:
10126:
10120:
10117:
10115:
10112:
10110:
10107:
10105:
10102:
10100:
10097:
10096:
10095:Nationality:
10094:
10090:
10087:
10086:
10084:
10082:
10081:United States
10079:
10074:
10071:
10069:
10066:
10064:
10061:
10059:
10056:
10054:
10050:
10049:
10048:
10045:
10043:
10040:
10039:
10037:
10033:
10023:
10022:
10018:
10016:
10015:
10011:
10009:
10008:
10004:
10002:
10001:
9997:
9995:
9994:
9990:
9988:
9987:
9983:
9981:
9979:
9975:
9974:
9972:
9968:
9962:
9959:
9957:
9954:
9952:
9949:
9947:
9944:
9942:
9939:
9937:
9934:
9932:
9929:
9927:
9924:
9922:
9919:
9917:
9914:
9912:
9909:
9907:
9904:
9903:
9901:
9897:
9894:
9892:
9888:
9882:
9881:
9877:
9875:
9874:
9870:
9868:
9867:
9866:Rolling Stone
9863:
9861:
9860:
9856:
9854:
9853:
9849:
9847:
9846:
9842:
9840:
9839:
9835:
9833:
9832:
9828:
9826:
9825:
9821:
9819:
9818:
9814:
9812:
9811:
9807:
9806:
9804:
9800:
9794:
9791:
9789:
9786:
9784:
9781:
9779:
9776:
9774:
9772:
9771:Rolling Stone
9768:
9766:
9763:
9761:
9760:Oricon charts
9758:
9756:
9753:
9751:
9748:
9746:
9743:
9741:
9738:
9736:
9735:G-Music chart
9733:
9731:
9728:
9726:
9723:
9721:
9719:
9715:
9713:
9711:
9707:
9705:
9703:
9699:
9697:
9694:
9693:
9691:
9689:
9685:
9679:
9676:
9674:
9671:
9669:
9666:
9664:
9661:
9659:
9656:
9655:
9653:
9649:
9643:
9640:
9638:
9635:
9633:
9630:
9628:
9625:
9623:
9620:
9618:
9615:
9613:
9610:
9608:
9605:
9603:
9600:
9598:
9595:
9591:
9587:
9584:
9583:
9582:
9579:
9575:
9571:
9567:
9563:
9559:
9554:
9551:
9550:
9548:
9546:
9540:
9530:
9527:
9523:
9520:
9518:
9515:
9513:
9510:
9508:
9507:Backup singer
9505:
9504:
9503:
9500:
9498:
9495:
9493:
9490:
9488:
9485:
9483:
9480:
9478:
9475:
9473:
9470:
9468:
9465:
9461:
9458:
9456:
9453:
9452:
9451:
9448:
9446:
9443:
9442:
9440:
9436:
9430:
9429:Tour promoter
9427:
9425:
9422:
9420:
9417:
9415:
9412:
9410:
9407:
9405:
9402:
9400:
9397:
9395:
9392:
9390:
9387:
9385:
9382:
9380:
9377:
9375:
9372:
9370:
9367:
9365:
9362:
9360:
9357:
9355:
9352:
9350:
9347:
9345:
9342:
9340:
9337:
9335:
9332:
9330:
9327:
9326:
9324:
9318:
9312:
9309:
9307:
9304:
9302:
9299:
9297:
9294:
9292:
9289:
9287:
9284:
9282:
9279:
9277:
9274:
9272:
9269:
9267:
9264:
9262:
9259:
9257:
9254:
9252:
9249:
9247:
9244:
9242:
9239:
9237:
9234:
9232:
9229:
9228:
9226:
9224:
9220:
9210:
9207:
9205:
9202:
9200:
9197:
9195:
9192:
9191:
9189:
9185:
9179:
9176:
9174:
9171:
9169:
9166:
9164:
9161:
9158:
9154:
9151:
9149:
9146:
9145:
9143:
9139:
9133:
9130:
9128:
9125:
9123:
9119:
9118:
9117:
9112:
9110:
9107:
9105:
9102:
9100:
9096:
9095:
9094:
9089:
9088:
9086:
9084:Record labels
9082:
9076:
9073:
9071:
9068:
9066:
9063:
9061:
9058:
9056:
9053:
9052:
9050:
9046:
9040:
9037:
9035:
9032:
9030:
9027:
9025:
9022:
9020:
9017:
9015:
9012:
9010:
9007:
9005:
9002:
9000:
8997:
8995:
8992:
8991:
8989:
8985:
8982:
8976:
8972:
8965:
8960:
8958:
8953:
8951:
8946:
8945:
8942:
8932:
8931:
8918:
8912:
8911:Vinyl revival
8909:
8907:
8904:
8903:
8901:
8897:
8889:
8886:
8884:
8881:
8880:
8879:
8876:
8874:
8871:
8870:
8868:
8864:
8858:
8855:
8853:
8850:
8848:
8847:Highway Hi-Fi
8845:
8843:
8840:
8838:
8835:
8833:
8830:
8828:
8825:
8823:
8820:
8819:
8817:
8813:
8804:
8799:
8797:
8792:
8790:
8785:
8784:
8781:
8771:
8770:
8757:
8751:
8750:Vehicle audio
8748:
8745:
8742:
8740:
8737:
8735:
8732:
8730:
8727:
8725:
8722:
8720:
8719:High fidelity
8717:
8715:
8712:
8711:
8709:
8705:
8699:
8696:
8694:
8691:
8689:
8686:
8684:
8681:
8679:
8676:
8674:
8671:
8669:
8666:
8664:
8661:
8659:
8656:
8654:
8651:
8649:
8646:
8645:
8643:
8639:
8633:
8630:
8628:
8625:
8623:
8620:
8618:
8615:
8613:
8610:
8608:
8605:
8603:
8600:
8598:
8595:
8593:
8590:
8588:
8585:
8583:
8580:
8578:
8575:
8573:
8570:
8569:
8567:
8563:
8557:
8554:
8552:
8549:
8547:
8544:
8542:
8539:
8537:
8534:
8532:
8529:
8527:
8524:
8522:
8519:
8518:
8516:
8514:
8510:
8504:
8501:
8499:
8496:
8494:
8491:
8489:
8486:
8484:
8481:
8479:
8476:
8474:
8471:
8469:
8466:
8464:
8461:
8459:
8456:
8454:
8451:
8449:
8446:
8444:
8441:
8440:
8438:
8436:
8432:
8426:
8423:
8421:
8418:
8416:
8413:
8411:
8408:
8406:
8403:
8401:
8398:
8396:
8393:
8391:
8388:
8386:
8383:
8382:
8380:
8378:
8374:
8368:
8365:
8363:
8360:
8359:
8357:
8355:
8354:Digital audio
8351:
8345:
8342:
8340:
8337:
8335:
8332:
8330:
8327:
8325:
8322:
8320:
8317:
8315:
8312:
8311:
8309:
8305:
8299:
8298:Tape recorder
8296:
8294:
8291:
8289:
8286:
8284:
8281:
8279:
8276:
8274:
8271:
8269:
8268:Cassette deck
8266:
8264:
8261:
8259:
8256:
8255:
8253:
8251:
8247:
8241:
8238:
8236:
8233:
8231:
8228:
8226:
8223:
8221:
8218:
8216:
8213:
8211:
8208:
8206:
8205:Magnetic tape
8203:
8201:
8198:
8197:
8195:
8193:
8189:
8183:
8182:Outboard gear
8180:
8178:
8175:
8173:
8170:
8168:
8165:
8163:
8160:
8158:
8155:
8153:
8150:
8148:
8145:
8143:
8140:
8138:
8135:
8132:
8129:
8127:
8124:
8122:
8119:
8117:
8116:Audio channel
8114:
8113:
8111:
8109:
8105:
8099:
8096:
8094:
8091:
8089:
8086:
8085:
8083:
8081:
8077:
8073:
8066:
8061:
8059:
8054:
8052:
8047:
8046:
8043:
8030:
8027:
8024:
8021:
8018:
8015:
8012:
8009:
8006:
8003:
8000:
7997:
7994:
7993:Mini-cassette
7991:
7990:
7988:
7984:
7973:
7970:
7967:
7964:
7961:
7958:
7955:
7954:Takara E-kara
7952:
7949:
7946:
7943:
7940:
7937:
7934:
7931:
7928:
7927:
7925:
7923:
7919:
7912:
7909:
7906:
7903:
7900:
7897:
7894:
7891:
7888:
7885:
7882:
7879:
7876:
7873:
7870:
7867:
7864:
7861:
7858:
7855:
7852:
7849:
7846:
7843:
7840:
7837:
7836:
7834:
7832:
7828:
7821:
7818:
7815:
7812:
7809:
7806:
7805:
7803:
7801:
7800:Sound-on-film
7797:
7790:
7787:
7784:
7781:
7778:
7775:
7774:
7772:
7769:
7768:Magnetic tape
7765:
7762:
7760:
7756:
7749:
7746:
7743:
7740:
7737:
7734:
7731:
7728:
7725:
7722:
7721:
7719:
7717:
7713:
7702:
7699:
7696:
7693:
7690:
7687:
7684:
7681:
7678:
7675:
7672:
7671:Stenorette DL
7669:
7666:
7663:
7660:
7657:
7654:
7651:
7648:
7647:Microcassette
7645:
7642:
7639:
7636:
7633:
7630:
7627:
7624:
7621:
7618:
7615:
7612:
7609:
7606:
7603:
7600:
7599:Micro pack 35
7597:
7594:
7591:
7588:
7585:
7582:
7579:
7576:
7573:
7570:
7567:
7564:
7561:
7558:
7555:
7552:
7549:
7546:
7543:
7540:
7537:
7534:
7531:
7528:
7525:
7522:
7521:IBM Magnabelt
7519:
7516:
7513:
7510:
7507:
7504:
7501:
7498:
7495:
7492:
7489:
7486:
7483:
7480:
7477:
7474:
7471:
7468:
7465:
7462:
7459:
7456:
7453:
7450:
7447:
7444:
7441:
7440:
7438:
7435:
7434:Magnetic tape
7431:
7424:
7421:
7418:
7415:
7412:
7409:
7406:
7403:
7400:
7397:
7394:
7391:
7388:
7385:
7382:
7379:
7376:
7373:
7370:
7369:Blattnerphone
7367:
7366:
7364:
7362:
7361:magnetic tape
7359:
7355:
7348:
7345:
7342:
7339:
7336:
7333:
7330:
7327:
7324:
7321:
7320:
7317:
7310:
7307:
7306:
7304:
7300:
7293:
7290:
7287:
7284:
7281:
7278:
7275:
7272:
7269:
7266:
7263:
7260:
7257:
7254:
7251:
7248:
7245:
7242:
7239:
7236:
7233:
7230:
7229:
7227:
7224:
7219:
7212:
7209:
7208:
7206:
7204:
7199:
7192:
7189:
7186:
7183:
7180:
7177:
7174:
7171:
7168:
7165:
7164:
7162:
7160:
7159:Sound-on-film
7156:
7149:
7146:
7144:
7141:
7140:
7138:
7134:
7127:
7124:
7121:
7120:Highway Hi-Fi
7118:
7115:
7112:
7109:
7106:
7103:
7100:
7097:
7094:
7091:
7088:
7085:
7082:
7079:
7076:
7073:
7070:
7069:
7067:
7063:
7056:
7053:
7050:
7047:
7044:
7041:
7038:
7035:
7032:
7029:
7026:
7023:
7020:
7017:
7014:
7011:
7008:
7004:
7001:
6998:
6994:
6991:
6988:
6985:
6984:
6982:
6980:
6975:
6968:
6965:
6964:
6962:
6958:
6955:
6953:
6949:
6942:
6939:
6936:
6933:
6930:
6927:
6925:(9th century)
6924:
6921:
6920:
6918:
6916:
6912:
6908:
6900:
6895:
6893:
6888:
6886:
6881:
6880:
6877:
6871:
6868:
6866:
6863:
6861:
6858:
6856:
6852:
6850:
6846:
6844:
6840:
6837:
6834:
6831:
6828:
6825:
6822:
6820:
6819:Audacity Wiki
6816:
6814:
6810:
6809:
6799:
6795:
6792:
6789:
6785:
6782:
6779:
6775:
6771:
6768:
6765:
6764:0-7123-0225-5
6761:
6757:
6753:
6750:
6747:
6744:
6741:
6738:
6736:
6735:0-304-29904-9
6732:
6728:
6725:
6722:
6719:
6716:
6712:
6710:
6709:0-9634921-3-6
6706:
6702:
6698:
6696:
6695:0-9634921-4-4
6692:
6688:
6684:
6682:
6681:0-9634921-2-8
6678:
6674:
6670:
6667:
6664:
6661:
6657:
6653:
6650:
6646:
6642:
6641:
6633:
6628:
6627:
6605:
6599:
6593:
6591:
6579:
6575:
6574:
6569:
6565:
6559:
6543:
6539:
6535:
6534:"Vinyl Video"
6528:
6521:
6517:
6513:
6509:
6497:
6494:. LPGRON180.
6493:
6489:
6485:
6479:
6464:
6460:
6453:
6438:
6434:
6427:
6412:
6408:
6401:
6385:
6381:
6375:
6359:
6353:
6337:
6333:
6329:
6323:
6307:
6303:
6299:
6293:
6277:
6273:
6267:
6260:
6256:
6242:
6238:
6231:
6215:
6211:
6205:
6203:
6186:
6180:
6164:
6160:
6154:
6139:
6135:
6131:
6127:
6120:
6112:
6108:
6104:
6100:
6093:
6085:
6081:
6075:
6067:
6061:
6057:
6052:
6051:
6042:
6034:
6033:
6025:
6016:
6001:
5997:
5991:
5980:
5976:
5972:
5971:
5963:
5956:
5940:
5936:
5934:
5926:
5910:
5906:
5900:
5885:
5881:
5874:
5868:
5867:0-672-21983-2
5864:
5860:
5854:
5838:
5834:
5833:
5828:
5822:
5814:
5812:0-471-19112-4
5808:
5804:
5800:
5799:
5791:
5776:
5772:
5765:
5757:
5753:
5746:
5731:
5727:
5720:
5704:
5700:
5696:
5689:
5673:
5669:
5663:
5655:
5651:
5645:
5641:
5640:
5632:
5624:
5622:0-672-21983-2
5618:
5614:
5609:
5608:
5599:
5584:
5580:
5574:
5559:
5555:
5549:
5534:
5530:
5523:
5507:
5503:
5497:
5490:
5484:
5468:
5464:
5458:
5442:
5438:
5432:
5417:
5413:
5406:
5390:
5386:
5379:
5372:
5368:
5364:
5361:
5358:Fritz, Jose.
5355:
5347:
5343:
5337:
5329:
5328:New Scientist
5322:
5314:
5307:
5291:
5287:
5281:
5265:
5261:
5255:
5240:
5236:
5229:
5214:
5210:
5203:
5188:
5184:
5177:
5169:
5165:
5159:
5144:
5140:
5136:
5132:
5125:
5116:
5107:
5098:
5087:
5081:
5072:
5056:
5052:
5048:
5042:
5026:
5022:
5018:
5014:
5008:
5006:
4998:
4995:
4990:
4985:
4983:
4981:
4979:
4977:
4965:
4961:
4957:
4950:
4943:
4934:
4932:
4928:
4922:
4917:
4913:
4909:
4904:. p. 4:
4895:
4892:(in German).
4891:
4890:"UC-Expander"
4884:
4882:
4874:
4871:
4865:
4860:
4855:
4851:
4845:
4839:
4835:
4831:
4825:
4823:
4802:
4798:
4794:
4788:
4783:
4779:
4772:
4765:
4763:
4753:
4749:
4743:
4738:
4734:
4727:
4711:
4707:
4706:
4701:
4697:
4691:
4684:
4682:
4678:
4674:
4673:dynamic range
4670:
4669:noise pumping
4666:
4662:
4658:
4654:
4653:surface noise
4650:
4646:
4642:
4638:
4634:
4630:
4626:
4622:
4618:
4614:
4613:John Coltrane
4610:
4606:
4602:
4601:S.M.A. Sextet
4598:
4594:
4590:
4586:
4582:
4578:
4577:Rákóczi March
4574:
4571:prelude) 2.
4570:
4566:
4562:
4558:
4552:
4548:
4544:
4540:
4534:
4527:
4523:
4519:
4515:
4502:
4497:
4496:
4489:
4482:
4476:
4460:
4456:
4450:
4448:
4439:
4435:
4429:
4425:
4424:
4416:
4408:
4404:
4402:0-8018-8398-9
4398:
4394:
4393:
4385:
4370:
4366:
4360:
4352:
4345:
4336:
4328:
4324:
4320:
4316:
4312:
4305:
4298:
4293:
4291:
4289:
4280:
4276:
4272:
4266:
4264:
4262:
4253:
4247:
4239:
4237:0-19-858159-9
4233:
4229:
4225:
4224:
4216:
4207:
4200:
4194:
4187:
4186:
4180:
4160:
4156:
4155:
4147:
4141:
4139:
4131:
4129:
4116:
4115:
4110:
4106:
4100:
4093:
4087:
4071:
4067:
4063:
4057:
4041:
4037:
4031:
4015:
4011:
4007:
4001:
3985:
3981:
3977:
3971:
3955:
3951:
3947:
3941:
3933:
3927:
3911:
3907:
3901:
3893:
3887:
3880:
3876:
3873:
3867:
3851:
3847:
3846:
3841:
3835:
3833:
3816:
3812:
3808:
3802:
3793:
3784:
3775:
3759:
3755:
3754:
3749:
3742:
3734:
3732:0-8130-1317-8
3728:
3724:
3717:
3710:
3706:
3702:
3700:0-521-47556-2
3696:
3692:
3688:
3683:
3682:
3673:
3666:
3661:
3654:
3649:
3642:
3636:
3620:
3616:
3612:
3606:
3599:
3595:
3592:
3588:
3583:
3567:
3563:
3557:
3550:
3544:
3537:
3531:
3515:
3511:
3507:
3500:
3493:
3489:
3484:
3482:
3465:
3461:
3457:
3452:
3446:
3439:
3433:
3424:
3416:
3409:
3393:
3387:
3368:
3361:
3360:
3352:
3350:
3341:
3334:
3327:
3321:
3306:
3302:
3296:
3288:
3287:
3282:
3275:
3259:
3255:
3254:
3249:
3243:
3227:
3223:
3222:
3217:
3211:
3203:
3199:
3197:9780520051607
3193:
3189:
3188:
3181:
3165:
3161:
3155:
3139:
3135:
3134:
3129:
3122:
3106:
3102:
3098:
3092:
3076:
3072:
3071:
3066:
3060:
3045:
3041:
3035:
3020:
3016:
3010:
2995:
2991:
2985:
2970:
2966:
2960:
2945:
2941:
2934:
2919:
2915:
2909:
2902:
2898:
2894:
2889:
2882:
2878:
2874:
2869:
2862:
2858:
2851:
2844:
2840:
2834:
2827:
2823:
2822:
2817:
2810:
2803:
2799:
2798:
2790:
2783:
2779:
2773:
2765:
2761:
2754:
2739:
2735:
2728:
2720:
2716:
2712:
2706:
2698:
2694:
2690:
2684:
2677:
2673:
2669:
2666:
2661:
2657:
2647:
2644:
2642:
2639:
2637:
2634:
2632:
2629:
2627:
2624:
2621:
2620:
2616:
2614:
2611:
2609:
2606:
2604:
2601:
2599:
2596:
2595:
2591:
2580:
2573:
2571:
2567:
2557:
2555:
2540:
2537:
2535:
2534:
2529:
2525:
2524:
2519:
2514:
2512:
2508:
2503:
2493:
2491:
2487:
2483:
2479:
2475:
2474:digital audio
2470:
2467:
2464:In 1988, the
2462:
2460:
2456:
2452:
2448:
2440:
2436:
2432:
2427:
2422:
2421:Vinyl revival
2418:
2408:
2405:
2399:
2396:
2390:
2383:
2379:
2374:
2365:
2363:
2359:
2354:
2352:
2347:
2343:
2338:
2328:
2311:
2309:
2303:
2301:
2291:
2289:
2284:
2276:
2272:
2270:
2266:
2262:
2255:
2245:
2230:
2227:
2219:
2216:November 2019
2208:
2205:
2201:
2198:
2194:
2191:
2187:
2184:
2180:
2177: –
2176:
2172:
2171:Find sources:
2165:
2161:
2155:
2154:
2149:This section
2147:
2143:
2138:
2137:
2129:
2127:
2123:
2122:vinyl revival
2118:
2116:
2111:
2109:
2105:
2101:
2097:
2093:
2086:Vinyl quality
2083:
2081:
2076:
2066:
2057:
2055:
2051:
2045:
2032:
2030:
2025:
2023:
2018:
2001:
1999:
1994:
1965:
1948:
1947:
1946:
1943:
1942:
1937:
1915:
1912:
1910:
1907:
1906:
1902:
1899:
1896:
1895:
1891:
1875:
1872:
1869:
1839:
1835:
1832:
1830:
1827:
1826:
1822:
1819:
1816:
1813:
1812:
1808:
1792:
1789:
1786:
1756:
1752:
1749:
1747:
1744:
1743:
1739:
1736:
1734:
1731:Maxi Single,
1730:
1729:
1725:
1709:
1706:
1703:
1673:
1669:
1653:
1651:
1648:
1622:
1619:
1618:
1614:
1611:
1608:
1605:
1602:
1601:
1594:
1585:
1581:
1568:
1565:
1558:
1553:
1552:
1546:
1542:developed by
1541:
1536:
1533:
1531:
1528:
1525:
1521:
1511:
1509:
1504:
1499:
1497:
1492:
1489:
1480:
1471:
1469:
1468:
1463:
1462:
1461:High Fidelity
1454:
1453:High fidelity
1447:High fidelity
1444:
1442:
1438:
1434:
1432:
1431:David Sarnoff
1428:
1423:
1391:
1375:
1371:
1366:
1364:
1363:Frank Sinatra
1360:
1359:Frank Sinatra
1356:
1351:
1347:
1346:extended play
1338:
1334:
1332:
1331:Frankie Laine
1328:
1324:
1323:Frank Sinatra
1320:
1316:
1312:
1308:
1304:
1303:Frank Sinatra
1300:
1281:
1279:
1273:
1271:
1263:
1258:
1249:
1247:
1243:
1242:Frank Sinatra
1239:
1235:
1231:
1227:
1219:
1215:
1211:
1207:
1193:
1191:
1186:
1184:
1175:
1171:
1167:
1163:
1161:
1157:
1153:
1148:
1146:
1142:
1136:ZLP from 1948
1135:
1116:
1108:
1100:
1095:
1085:
1083:
1080:
1076:
1072:
1068:
1064:
1059:
1057:
1053:
1052:Rhino Records
1050:In the 1990s
1048:
1046:
1042:
1038:
1034:
1033:Tin Pan Alley
1029:
1027:
1026:
1021:
1017:
1012:
1010:
1006:
1002:
998:
994:
993:
982:
980:
976:
975:
970:
963:Record albums
960:
958:
957:Paul Whiteman
954:
950:
949:
942:
940:
936:
935:
930:
926:
922:
918:
917:Frank Sinatra
900:
896:
892:
887:
885:
884:
879:
875:
871:
867:
862:
858:
854:
849:
847:
843:
839:
828:
825:
824:Decca Records
821:
817:
813:
810:or an exotic
809:
805:
800:
792:
789:
783:
781:
775:
773:
769:
765:
761:
751:
743:
738:
734:
732:
728:
727:
722:
717:
715:
711:
710:Alfred Cortot
707:
703:
699:
695:
690:
686:
682:
678:
677:Orlando Marsh
674:
661:AG, Germany,
660:
655:
646:
644:
640:
636:
632:
626:
624:
614:
612:
608:
600:
595:
591:
589:
585:
581:
577:
569:
558:
554:
550:
549:Enrico Caruso
545:
540:
535:
533:
528:
526:
522:
514:
509:
495:
493:
489:
484:
482:
478:
474:
470:
461:
452:
450:
446:
442:
441:Thomas Edison
437:
435:
431:
426:
425:phonautograph
420:
410:
401:
399:
395:
391:
387:
383:
373:
371:
367:
357:
355:
354:
353:broken record
348:
346:
342:
338:
334:
260:
256:
252:
248:
241:
237:
233:
228:
224:
222:
218:
214:
210:
209:digital media
206:
202:
195:
193:
181:
161:
139:
137:
133:
129:
125:
121:
117:
113:
109:
104:
102:
98:
94:
91:
88:
84:
80:
76:
72:
68:
64:
57:
53:
48:
44:
40:
36:
34:
19:
10316:
10302:
10280:Record sales
10245:Hidden track
10035:Achievements
10019:
10014:The X Factor
10012:
10005:
9998:
9993:Star Academy
9991:
9984:
9977:
9878:
9871:
9864:
9857:
9850:
9843:
9836:
9829:
9822:
9815:
9808:
9802:Publications
9770:
9730:Circle Chart
9717:
9709:
9701:
9663:Concert tour
9606:
9586:Double album
9512:Ghost singer
9497:Orchestrator
9482:Horn section
9409:Record label
9344:Distribution
9251:Experimental
9223:Major genres
9209:Ticketmaster
9157:iTunes Store
9114:
9113:
9091:
9090:
9009:Music Canada
8921:
8877:
8842:Seeburg 1000
8760:
8493:Sound module
8453:Drum machine
8395:Effects unit
8288:Player piano
8215:Compact disc
8199:
8137:Effects unit
7932:(late 1970s)
7831:Optical disc
7695:Picocassette
7691:(late 1980s)
7485:Saba Sabafon
7256:RCA MI-12877
7250:RCA MI-12875
7136:Grooved tape
7102:SoundScriber
7098:(late 1940s)
7084:Diamond disc
7071:
7065:Grooved disc
6967:Phonautogram
6935:Punched card
6787:
6769:
6751:
6745:
6742:Louis Barfe.
6739:
6726:
6720:
6714:
6700:
6686:
6672:
6665:
6655:
6644:
6638:
6608:. Retrieved
6598:
6582:. Retrieved
6578:the original
6571:
6558:
6546:. Retrieved
6542:the original
6537:
6527:
6519:
6500:. Retrieved
6478:
6466:. Retrieved
6462:
6452:
6440:. Retrieved
6436:
6426:
6414:. Retrieved
6410:
6400:
6390:22 September
6388:. Retrieved
6374:
6362:. Retrieved
6352:
6340:. Retrieved
6331:
6322:
6310:. Retrieved
6301:
6292:
6280:. Retrieved
6266:
6258:
6254:
6245:. Retrieved
6230:
6218:. Retrieved
6213:
6189:. Retrieved
6179:
6167:. Retrieved
6163:Deseret News
6162:
6153:
6141:. Retrieved
6129:
6119:
6102:
6098:
6092:
6074:
6049:
6041:
6030:
6024:
6015:
6003:. Retrieved
5999:
5990:
5974:
5968:
5955:
5945:26 September
5943:. Retrieved
5935:(IASA TC04)"
5932:
5925:
5915:18 September
5913:. Retrieved
5909:the original
5899:
5887:. Retrieved
5883:
5873:
5858:
5853:
5841:. Retrieved
5830:
5821:
5797:
5790:
5780:14 September
5778:. Retrieved
5774:
5764:
5755:
5745:
5735:14 September
5733:. Retrieved
5729:
5719:
5707:. Retrieved
5703:the original
5688:
5678:26 September
5676:. Retrieved
5672:the original
5662:
5638:
5631:
5606:
5598:
5586:. Retrieved
5582:
5573:
5561:. Retrieved
5557:
5548:
5536:. Retrieved
5532:
5522:
5512:26 September
5510:. Retrieved
5496:
5488:
5483:
5471:. Retrieved
5467:the original
5457:
5445:. Retrieved
5441:the original
5431:
5419:. Retrieved
5415:
5405:
5393:. Retrieved
5388:
5378:
5370:
5360:"180 grams "
5354:
5346:the original
5336:
5327:
5321:
5312:
5306:
5294:. Retrieved
5292:. 2 May 2019
5290:Making Vinyl
5289:
5280:
5268:. Retrieved
5264:Making Vinyl
5263:
5254:
5242:. Retrieved
5238:
5228:
5216:. Retrieved
5212:
5202:
5190:. Retrieved
5186:
5176:
5158:
5146:. Retrieved
5135:The Guardian
5134:
5124:
5115:
5106:
5097:
5080:
5071:
5059:. Retrieved
5050:
5041:
5029:. Retrieved
5016:
4968:. Retrieved
4959:
4949:
4905:
4898:. Retrieved
4847:
4843:3-89602226-1
4833:
4808:. Retrieved
4777:
4732:
4726:
4714:. Retrieved
4710:the original
4703:
4690:
4649:professional
4648:
4644:
4640:
4617:Dennis Irwin
4554:
4543:vinyl record
4538:
4533:
4506:. Retrieved
4501:the original
4494:
4488:
4480:
4475:
4463:. Retrieved
4422:
4415:
4391:
4384:
4372:. Retrieved
4369:Cedmagic.com
4368:
4359:
4350:
4344:
4335:
4318:
4314:
4304:
4296:
4274:
4246:
4222:
4215:
4206:
4198:
4193:
4184:
4179:
4166:. Retrieved
4152:
4128:vinyl record
4127:
4125:
4118:. Retrieved
4112:
4099:
4091:
4086:
4074:. Retrieved
4065:
4056:
4044:. Retrieved
4030:
4018:. Retrieved
4009:
4000:
3988:. Retrieved
3979:
3970:
3958:. Retrieved
3949:
3940:
3926:
3914:. Retrieved
3910:the original
3900:
3878:
3874:
3866:
3856:27 September
3854:. Retrieved
3850:the original
3843:
3819:. Retrieved
3810:
3801:
3792:
3783:
3774:
3762:. Retrieved
3751:
3741:
3722:
3716:
3708:
3703:– via
3680:
3672:
3664:
3660:
3652:
3648:
3643:, U.S., 1959
3640:
3635:
3623:. Retrieved
3614:
3605:
3586:
3582:
3570:. Retrieved
3556:
3548:
3543:
3535:
3530:
3518:. Retrieved
3499:
3491:
3468:. Retrieved
3459:
3445:
3437:
3432:
3423:
3414:
3408:
3396:. Retrieved
3386:
3374:. Retrieved
3367:the original
3358:
3339:
3333:
3325:
3320:
3308:. Retrieved
3304:
3295:
3284:
3274:
3262:. Retrieved
3251:
3242:
3230:. Retrieved
3219:
3210:
3186:
3180:
3168:. Retrieved
3154:
3142:. Retrieved
3131:
3121:
3109:. Retrieved
3091:
3079:. Retrieved
3068:
3059:
3047:. Retrieved
3043:
3034:
3022:. Retrieved
3018:
3009:
2997:. Retrieved
2993:
2984:
2972:. Retrieved
2968:
2959:
2947:. Retrieved
2943:
2933:
2921:. Retrieved
2917:
2908:
2888:
2868:
2860:
2856:
2850:
2842:
2838:
2833:
2825:
2819:
2809:
2801:
2795:
2789:
2772:
2763:
2753:
2741:. Retrieved
2737:
2727:
2719:the original
2714:
2705:
2692:
2683:
2675:
2660:
2617:
2563:
2551:
2538:
2531:
2521:
2518:Taylor Swift
2515:
2499:
2490:disc jockeys
2471:
2466:compact disc
2463:
2444:
2400:
2391:
2387:
2368:Preservation
2355:
2340:
2331:LP versus CD
2312:
2304:
2300:compact disc
2297:
2285:
2281:
2268:
2258:
2242:
2222:
2213:
2203:
2196:
2189:
2182:
2170:
2158:Please help
2153:verification
2150:
2119:
2112:
2089:
2077:
2073:
2054:Darcy Proper
2046:
2038:
2026:
2019:
2002:
1996:
1944:
1740:15 min/side
1726:22 min/side
1670:15 min/side
1582:
1579:
1550:
1537:
1534:
1517:
1500:
1493:
1488:stereophonic
1485:
1466:
1460:
1456:
1435:
1424:
1392:
1367:
1362:
1343:
1311:Tony Bennett
1307:Hall of Fame
1306:
1282:
1274:
1267:
1245:
1223:
1189:
1187:
1179:
1149:
1139:
1133:
1081:
1060:
1049:
1040:
1030:
1023:
1016:Leon Redbone
1013:
1005:Randy Newman
990:
988:
972:
966:
946:
943:
932:
891:Eddie Condon
888:
881:
861:Eddie Condon
850:
834:
819:
801:
798:
785:
777:
771:
757:
736:
730:
724:
718:
688:
685:vacuum tubes
670:
627:
620:
604:
573:
537:
529:
518:
503:Early speeds
485:
466:
438:
434:Thomas Young
430:tuning forks
422:
413:Predecessors
407:
385:
381:
379:
363:
351:
349:
245:
217:disc jockeys
213:compact disc
198:
189:
127:
115:
105:
82:
78:
75:vinyl record
74:
66:
62:
60:
43:
32:
10375:Turntablism
10290:White label
10225:Backmasking
10042:Music award
10021:Rising Star
9817:HitQuarters
9696:ARIA Charts
9612:Eight-track
9597:Music video
9574:Maxi single
9522:Ghostwriter
9517:Vocal coach
9472:Disc jockey
9445:Arrangement
9414:Record shop
9384:Music venue
9379:Music store
9339:Disc jockey
9199:Live Nation
9194:CTS Eventim
9116:Independent
8734:Music store
8729:Home cinema
8688:Robert Moog
8673:Max Mathews
8597:Piano tuner
8565:Professions
8541:Scorewriter
8498:Synthesizer
8314:Loudspeaker
7742:PCM adaptor
7730:X80/ProDigi
7724:Soundstream
7611:Cantata 700
7581:Grundig En3
7375:Magnetophon
7262:Peirce 265B
7126:Bandai 8ban
6993:Graphophone
6790:, June 1949
6332:Fortune.com
6247:12 December
6080:Negativland
5775:Stereophile
5615:–882, 897.
5244:17 December
5192:17 December
5148:9 September
5031:10 November
4960:Hifi-Museum
4919: [
4862: [
4785: [
4740: [
4681:groove echo
4637:High-Com II
4633:breathiness
4609:Impressions
4508:10 November
4105:Ben Sisario
4010:Cool78s.com
3976:"Billboard"
3946:"Billboard"
3916:19 December
3600:Front page.
3376:16 December
3144:13 February
2949:5 September
2496:Revival era
2362:presbycusis
2342:Audiophiles
2132:Limitations
2104:RCA Records
1998:Flexi discs
1903:8 min/side
1892:7 min/side
1836:3 min/side
1833:78 rpm
1820:45 rpm
1790:(Long Play)
1750:78 rpm
1737:45 rpm
1707:(Long Play)
1555: [
1527:High-Com II
1508:Jack Wagner
1357:reissue of
1319:Johnnie Ray
1272:secretly.
1234:the Beatles
1226:Philippines
1201:Shellac era
1183:polystyrene
1170:Boston Pops
1160:78 rpm
1134:microgroove
1009:self-titled
979:Tchaikovsky
925:Hammerstein
853:Milt Gabler
838:King Oliver
721:Wanamaker's
700:record was
666: 1930
588:stroboscope
564: 1908
350:The phrase
221:audiophiles
10339:Categories
10145:by country
10133:by country
9891:Television
9873:Smash Hits
9778:Sino Chart
9651:Live shows
9562:12" single
9450:Songwriter
9438:Production
9246:Electronic
9187:Live music
9048:Publishers
9029:PROMUSICAE
8888:production
8724:Home audio
8714:Audiophile
8531:GarageBand
8377:Live music
8319:Headphones
8283:Phonograph
8152:Microphone
8147:Headphones
8093:Electrical
8088:Mechanical
7948:Yaboom Box
7936:MP3 player
7930:Sound chip
7748:DA-88/DTRS
7563:Stereo-Pak
7461:Stenorette
7341:Synchrofax
7191:Fantasound
7185:Photophone
7078:Pathé disc
6941:Music roll
6915:Mechanical
6788:RCA Review
6516:VinylVideo
6259:Black-star
5843:20 October
5649:0240521773
5416:Music Ally
4645:audiophile
4625:transients
3689:. p.
3572:6 February
3460:Nick Lucas
2780:to supply
2652:References
2548:VinylVideo
2528:Jack White
2453:, and the
2415:See also:
2186:newspapers
2126:bioplastic
2050:Scott Hull
1667: rpm
1520:Telefunken
1441:videodiscs
1278:Format war
1214:RCA Victor
1172:conductor
1132: rpm
1092:See also:
1035:revivals,
694:electrical
687:(known as
681:microphone
511:Hungarian
488:RCA Victor
445:phonograph
436:in 1807.
398:informally
247:Phonograph
192:media help
101:phonograph
35:(magazine)
10210:Album era
10104:Brazilian
10076:(Females)
10007:The Voice
9980:franchise
9941:MuchMusic
9906:Channel V
9824:Hot Press
9810:Billboard
9718:Billboard
9710:Billboard
9702:Billboard
9570:CD single
9467:Conductor
9419:Road crew
9399:Promotion
9322:and roles
9204:LiveStyle
9141:Retailers
9104:Universal
8883:LP record
8488:Sequencer
8415:PA system
8344:Subwoofer
8329:PA system
8263:Amplifier
8225:Hard disk
8142:Equalizer
8029:VinylDisc
7875:DVD-Audio
7770:cartridge
7587:Sabamobil
7551:3M Scotch
7509:Fidelipac
7436:cartridge
7417:3/4" tape
7387:1/2" tape
7381:1/4" tape
7225:cartridge
7221:Magnetic
7179:Movietone
7173:Tri-Ergon
7167:Phonofilm
7148:Dictabelt
7114:Long play
7108:Audograph
6905:Physical
6360:. Nielsen
6342:8 January
6312:8 January
6138:0362-4331
5884:Eclectico
5239:Endgadget
5187:Pitchfork
5143:0261-3077
4797:0033-7900
4752:0033-7900
4551:Nakamichi
4483:, p. 205.
4465:4 October
4351:Billboard
4327:0161-7370
4154:Billboard
4120:8 October
3811:Naxos.com
2738:Billboard
2613:LP record
2533:Lazaretto
2516:In 2021,
2417:Album era
2060:Structure
1929:min/side
1806: rpm
1723: rpm
1603:Diameter
1548:(ZWT) of
1524:Nakamichi
1327:Doris Day
1094:LP record
1056:jukeboxes
929:Soliloquy
899:LP record
623:diaphragm
532:governors
439:In 1877,
347:, etc.).
242:, c. 1924
10323:Category
10167:by women
10000:The Four
9986:Popstars
9899:Channels
9831:Kerrang!
9460:Lyricist
9455:Composer
8815:Machines
8536:ProTools
8513:Software
8503:Theremin
8443:Chiptune
8400:Foldback
8230:MiniDisc
8011:CD Video
7942:HitClips
7899:BD-Audio
7893:DualDisc
7881:DataPlay
7851:MiniDisc
7629:PlayTape
7443:Optaphon
7007:Ediphone
6979:cylinder
6977:Grooved
6573:Techmoan
6496:Archived
6488:"Cinema"
6384:Archived
6336:Archived
6306:Archived
6302:BBC News
6282:10 April
6276:Archived
6241:Archived
5979:Archived
5939:Archived
5889:27 April
5837:Archived
5654:Archived
5558:Clir.org
5506:Archived
5421:12 April
5395:12 April
5363:Archived
5168:Archived
5061:10 April
5055:Archived
5025:Archived
4964:Archived
4894:Archived
4848:UC Vom
4832:(2000).
4801:Archived
4705:Techmoan
4661:crackles
4641:two-band
4518:subsonic
4459:Archived
4438:Archived
4407:Archived
4279:Archived
4159:Archived
4076:10 April
4070:Archived
4040:Archived
4020:10 April
4014:Archived
3990:10 April
3984:Archived
3960:10 April
3954:Archived
3886:cite web
3821:10 April
3815:Archived
3758:Archived
3625:10 April
3619:Archived
3594:Archived
3566:Archived
3520:23 March
3514:Archived
3464:Archived
3398:8 August
3264:21 April
3258:Archived
3232:21 April
3226:Archived
3202:Archived
3164:Archived
3138:Archived
3111:21 April
3105:Archived
3075:Archived
2897:Archived
2877:Archived
2715:Wired UK
2697:Archived
2668:Archived
2576:See also
2523:Evermore
2500:A niche
2435:DJ mixer
2108:Dynaflex
2082:(RIAA).
1210:Columbia
1069:single "
997:Jazz Age
939:Columbia
934:Carousel
931:", from
816:Red Seal
808:sapphire
706:Schubert
698:Red Seal
333:fidelity
251:diameter
238:horn at
142:Overview
10119:Swedish
10114:Italian
10109:British
10099:Belgian
10085:Genre:
10063:Germany
10058:Finland
9773:Top 100
9704:Hot 100
9658:Concert
9632:Airplay
9590:Mixtape
9545:formats
9543:Release
9320:Sectors
9286:New Age
9266:Hip hop
9236:Country
9173:Kaspien
9122:Concord
8899:Related
8866:Formats
8837:Jukebox
8632:Tape op
8483:Sampler
7999:U-matic
7972:MicroSD
7759:Digital
7683:Elcaset
7593:8-track
7423:3" tape
7411:2" tape
7405:1" tape
7027:(1890s)
7021:(1890s)
7015:(1890s)
6662:, 1987.
6610:7 March
6364:29 June
5709:29 June
5699:YouTube
5563:29 June
5473:22 June
5447:22 June
5389:Reuters
5213:Gizmodo
5091:. 1953.
4573:Berlioz
4168:22 June
4046:3 April
3764:11 July
3470:9 April
3170:13 July
3081:13 July
2693:NME.COM
2482:shuffle
2459:Walkman
2441:in 2003
2437:at the
2322:⁄
2239:Shellac
2200:scholar
2012:⁄
1975:⁄
1958:⁄
1924:⁄
1900:45 rpm
1884:⁄
1862:⁄
1852:⁄
1801:⁄
1779:⁄
1769:⁄
1718:⁄
1696:⁄
1686:⁄
1662:⁄
1641:⁄
1631:⁄
1571:Formats
1417:⁄
1403:⁄
1385:⁄
1350:jukebox
1292:⁄
1270:R&D
1262:Seeburg
1127:⁄
1028:album.
1001:Reprise
999:music,
921:Rodgers
910:⁄
820:de luxe
804:V-Discs
719:A 1926
576:nominal
326:⁄
312:⁄
298:⁄
284:⁄
270:⁄
182:record.
180:shellac
124:singles
108:shellac
10053:Brazil
9970:Series
9688:Charts
9553:Single
9296:Reggae
9261:Gospel
9148:Amazon
9109:Warner
8746:(NIME)
8420:Reverb
8031:(2007)
8025:(2001)
8019:(1991)
8013:(1987)
8007:(1986)
8001:(1971)
7995:(1967)
7986:Hybrid
7974:(2007)
7968:(2004)
7962:(2002)
7956:(2001)
7950:(1999)
7944:(2000)
7938:(1996)
7913:(2014)
7911:MQA-CD
7907:(2013)
7901:(2008)
7895:(2004)
7889:(2004)
7883:(2002)
7877:(2000)
7871:(1999)
7865:(1995)
7859:(1993)
7853:(1992)
7847:(1989)
7841:(1982)
7822:(1993)
7816:(1990)
7810:(1986)
7791:(1992)
7785:(1992)
7779:(1987)
7750:(1993)
7744:(1982)
7738:(1982)
7732:(1980)
7726:(1976)
7703:(1988)
7697:(1985)
7685:(1976)
7679:(1972)
7673:(1972)
7667:(1971)
7661:(1971)
7655:(1969)
7649:(1969)
7643:(1968)
7637:(1967)
7631:(1966)
7625:(1965)
7619:(1965)
7613:(1965)
7607:(1965)
7601:(1964)
7595:(1964)
7589:(1964)
7583:(1964)
7577:(1963)
7571:(1963)
7565:(1962)
7559:(1962)
7553:(1962)
7547:(1962)
7541:(1962)
7535:(1961)
7529:(1961)
7523:(1961)
7517:(1960)
7511:(1959)
7505:(1959)
7499:(1958)
7493:(1958)
7487:(1958)
7481:(1957)
7475:(1957)
7469:(1955)
7463:(1954)
7457:(1953)
7451:(1952)
7445:(1951)
7425:(1978)
7419:(1969)
7413:(1967)
7407:(1957)
7401:(1953)
7395:(1953)
7389:(1953)
7383:(1949)
7377:(1935)
7371:(1928)
7349:(1978)
7343:(1959)
7337:(1953)
7331:(1948)
7325:(1945)
7311:(1900)
7294:(1962)
7288:(1961)
7282:(1955)
7276:(1951)
7270:(1951)
7264:(1951)
7258:(1947)
7252:(1947)
7246:(1944)
7240:(1944)
7234:(1942)
7213:(1898)
7193:(1940)
7187:(1929)
7181:(1926)
7175:(1922)
7169:(1919)
7150:(1947)
7128:(2004)
7122:(1956)
7116:(1948)
7110:(1945)
7104:(1945)
7092:(1920)
7086:(1912)
7080:(1905)
7074:(1889)
7057:(1913)
7051:(1912)
7045:(1908)
7039:(1907)
7033:(1902)
7009:(1888)
6999:(1887)
6989:(1877)
6969:(1857)
6952:Analog
6943:(1883)
6937:(1881)
6776:
6762:
6733:
6707:
6693:
6679:
6411:Forbes
6136:
6062:
5865:
5809:
5646:
5619:
5296:14 May
5270:14 May
5141:
4940:" for
4916:ETERNA
4859:Eterna
4840:
4795:
4750:
4677:clicks
4607:): 1.
4593:Brahms
4591:) 3.
4583:) 3.
4569:Carmen
4563:): 1.
4430:
4399:
4325:
4297:(Book)
4234:
3729:
3697:
3310:1 July
3194:
2944:Forbes
2505:for a
2449:, the
2382:B-side
2378:single
2202:
2195:
2188:
2181:
2173:
2115:genres
2029:Bhutan
1945:Notes:
1913:45 rpm
1909:Single
1829:Single
1746:Single
1503:stereo
1329:, and
1196:Speeds
1020:single
883:Ernani
870:Victor
812:osmium
723:ad in
702:Chopin
689:valves
376:Naming
341:stereo
136:albums
97:spiral
87:analog
85:is an
79:record
56:single
10203:Other
10172:Latin
10089:Latin
10068:Japan
9581:Album
9311:World
9281:Metal
9276:Latin
9231:Blues
9093:Major
8698:STEIM
8693:SMPTE
8668:IRCAM
8133:(DAW)
7887:Hi-MD
7659:HiPac
6635:(PDF)
6584:7 May
6548:7 May
6512:DVD-V
6502:7 May
6468:4 May
6442:4 May
6416:4 May
6220:4 May
6191:4 May
6169:4 May
6143:4 May
6056:41–42
6005:7 May
5982:(PDF)
5965:(PDF)
5588:1 May
5538:1 May
5218:1 May
5089:(PDF)
4970:6 May
4923:]
4900:5 May
4870:Amiga
4866:]
4810:5 May
4804:(PDF)
4789:]
4774:(PDF)
4744:]
4716:5 May
4589:Mlada
4579:from
4565:Bizet
4520:with
4374:7 May
4162:(PDF)
4149:(PDF)
3753:Wired
3370:(PDF)
3363:(PDF)
3049:4 May
3024:4 May
2999:4 May
2974:4 May
2923:7 May
2743:4 May
2248:Vinyl
2207:JSTOR
2193:books
1559:]
1467:Audio
1439:were
1260:1959
1230:India
1192:".
969:Odeon
878:Verdi
731:Times
584:hertz
513:Pathé
234:with
90:sound
83:vinyl
73:), a
10051:In:
9978:Idol
9951:Viva
9936:Tr3s
9931:MTV2
9921:Mnet
9916:Fuse
9838:Mojo
9306:Rock
9271:Jazz
9256:Folk
9163:Fnac
9132:AAMG
9099:Sony
9039:SNEP
9034:RIAA
9014:FIMI
8999:BVMI
8994:ARIA
8468:MIDI
8240:Opus
8017:ADAT
7905:HFPA
7863:HDCD
7820:SDDS
7736:DASH
7223:wire
7203:wire
6774:ISBN
6760:ISBN
6731:ISBN
6705:ISBN
6691:ISBN
6677:ISBN
6612:2007
6586:2021
6550:2021
6514:, 1
6504:2021
6470:2024
6444:2024
6418:2024
6392:2020
6366:2019
6344:2017
6314:2017
6284:2016
6249:2016
6222:2024
6193:2024
6171:2024
6145:2024
6134:ISSN
6060:ISBN
6007:2015
5947:2012
5917:2005
5891:2024
5863:ISBN
5845:2017
5807:ISBN
5782:2022
5737:2022
5711:2019
5680:2012
5644:ISBN
5617:ISBN
5590:2020
5565:2019
5540:2020
5533:CNET
5514:2012
5475:2008
5449:2008
5423:2024
5397:2024
5298:2019
5272:2019
5246:2018
5220:2019
5194:2018
5150:2024
5139:ISSN
5063:2016
5033:2014
5021:RIAA
4972:2021
4910:vom
4902:2021
4868:und
4838:ISBN
4812:2021
4793:ISSN
4748:ISSN
4718:2021
4657:hiss
4510:2017
4467:2006
4428:ISBN
4397:ISBN
4376:2015
4323:ISSN
4232:ISBN
4170:2022
4122:2012
4078:2016
4048:2017
4022:2016
3992:2016
3962:2016
3918:2011
3892:link
3858:2012
3823:2016
3766:2014
3727:ISBN
3695:ISBN
3627:2016
3574:2023
3522:2023
3472:2008
3400:2024
3378:2015
3312:2022
3286:LIFE
3266:2023
3234:2023
3192:ISBN
3172:2022
3146:2022
3133:Time
3113:2023
3083:2022
3070:Time
3051:2024
3026:2024
3001:2024
2976:2024
2951:2017
2925:2015
2745:2024
2511:RIAA
2419:and
2265:skip
2261:dust
2179:news
2094:and
2052:and
2041:US$
2022:Ribs
1609:Name
1464:and
1368:The
1228:and
1212:and
927:'s "
923:and
758:The
551:and
423:The
345:quad
337:mono
9956:VH1
9926:MTV
9911:CMT
9852:NME
9627:DVD
9291:Pop
9168:HMV
9024:PMB
9004:BPI
8235:MP3
8220:DAT
7857:DTS
7814:CDS
6754:by
6520:not
6437:NME
6107:doi
5803:466
5613:873
4931:wav
4927:DMM
4908:DDR
4854:DDR
4522:MPX
4319:154
3691:353
2570:VHS
2308:BBC
2162:by
1889:rpm
1857:″ ±
1774:″ ±
1691:″ ±
1636:″ ±
977:by
880:'s
523:'s
494:).
257:in
240:HMV
128:45s
116:78s
112:rpm
81:or
10341::
9622:CD
9588:,
9572:,
9568:,
9564:,
9560:,
9120::
9097::
8577:DJ
7808:DD
7783:NT
6796:,
6645:51
6643:.
6637:.
6570:.
6536:.
6461:.
6435:.
6409:.
6334:.
6330:.
6300:.
6239:.
6212:.
6201:^
6161:.
6132:.
6128:.
6103:26
6101:.
6082:.
6058:.
5998:.
5975:51
5973:.
5967:.
5882:.
5835:.
5829:.
5805:.
5773:.
5754:.
5728:.
5697:.
5652:.
5581:.
5556:.
5531:.
5414:.
5387:.
5369:,
5288:.
5262:.
5237:.
5211:.
5185:.
5137:.
5133:.
5053:.
5049:.
5019:.
5015:.
5004:^
4962:.
4958:.
4921:de
4880:^
4864:de
4846:.
4821:^
4799:.
4787:de
4776:.
4761:^
4742:de
4702:.
4547:LP
4457:.
4446:^
4436:.
4405:.
4367:.
4317:.
4313:.
4287:^
4273:.
4260:^
4230:.
4226:.
4151:.
4137:^
4124:.
4111:.
4064:.
4038:.
4012:.
4008:.
3978:.
3948:.
3888:}}
3884:{{
3842:.
3831:^
3813:.
3809:.
3756:.
3750:.
3707:.
3693:.
3685:.
3617:.
3613:.
3512:.
3508:.
3490:–
3480:^
3462:.
3458:.
3348:^
3303:.
3283:.
3256:.
3250:.
3224:.
3218:.
3200:.
3136:.
3130:.
3099:.
3073:.
3067:.
3042:.
3017:.
2992:.
2967:.
2942:.
2916:.
2875:.
2859:.
2824:.
2818:.
2762:.
2736:.
2713:.
2695:.
2691:.
2674:.
2572:.
2431:DJ
2429:A
2364:.
2346:CD
2315:33
2005:33
1968:33
1951:33
1877:33
1871:EP
1864:32
1815:EP
1794:33
1788:LP
1781:32
1711:33
1705:LP
1698:32
1679:11
1655:33
1646:″
1643:32
1633:16
1629:15
1624:15
1567:.
1557:de
1486:A
1410:16
1396:33
1378:16
1333:.
1325:,
1321:,
1317:,
1313:,
1285:33
1120:33
951:,
754:II
716:.
663:c.
561:c.
390:LP
343:,
339:,
319:33
305:33
291:33
289:,
277:16
275:,
132:LP
61:A
52:LP
9859:Q
9576:)
9556:(
9159:)
9155:(
8963:e
8956:t
8949:v
8802:e
8795:t
8788:v
8064:e
8057:t
8050:v
7005:/
6995:/
6898:e
6891:t
6884:v
6780:.
6766:.
6614:.
6588:.
6552:.
6506:.
6472:.
6446:.
6420:.
6394:.
6368:.
6346:.
6316:.
6286:.
6251:.
6224:.
6195:.
6173:.
6147:.
6113:.
6109::
6068:.
6009:.
5949:.
5931:"
5919:.
5893:.
5847:.
5815:.
5784:.
5739:.
5713:.
5682:.
5625:.
5592:.
5567:.
5542:.
5516:.
5477:.
5451:.
5425:.
5399:.
5300:.
5274:.
5248:.
5222:.
5196:.
5152:.
5065:.
5035:.
4974:.
4814:.
4754:.
4720:.
4611:(
4603:(
4595:(
4575:(
4567:(
4559:(
4512:.
4469:.
4378:.
4329:.
4240:.
4174:.
4172:.
4080:.
4050:.
4024:.
3994:.
3964:.
3934:.
3920:.
3894:)
3860:.
3825:.
3768:.
3735:.
3629:.
3576:.
3524:.
3474:.
3402:.
3380:.
3314:.
3268:.
3236:.
3174:.
3148:.
3115:.
3085:.
3053:.
3028:.
3003:.
2978:.
2953:.
2927:.
2903:.
2883:.
2784:.
2766:.
2747:.
2324:3
2320:1
2317:+
2256:.
2229:)
2223:(
2218:)
2214:(
2204:·
2197:·
2190:·
2183:·
2156:.
2014:3
2010:1
2007:+
1977:3
1973:1
1970:+
1960:3
1956:1
1953:+
1926:3
1922:1
1919:+
1917:5
1886:3
1882:1
1879:+
1867:″
1860:1
1854:8
1850:7
1847:+
1845:6
1803:3
1799:1
1796:+
1784:″
1777:1
1771:8
1767:7
1764:+
1762:9
1720:3
1716:1
1713:+
1701:″
1694:1
1688:8
1684:7
1681:+
1664:3
1660:1
1657:+
1639:3
1626:+
1522:/
1419:3
1415:2
1412:+
1405:3
1401:1
1398:+
1387:3
1383:2
1380:+
1294:3
1290:1
1287:+
1129:3
1125:1
1122:+
912:2
908:1
905:+
903:3
328:3
324:1
321:+
314:3
310:1
307:+
300:3
296:1
293:+
286:3
282:2
279:+
272:3
268:1
265:+
263:8
194:.
41:.
20:)
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
