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1560:"Je voulais un instrument qui affranchît le pouvoir nouveau (le second Empire) de la tutelle où les financiers tiennent ordinairement les gouvernements ; tutelle d'autant plus dangereuse que je ressentais l'hostilité des grandes influences financières envers le pouvoir nouveau. Certainement, sans le concours du Crédit mobilier qui les a entraînés et forcés à marcher en avant, la politique de l'Empire, obligé de compter avec la Haute Banque, n'aurait pas été aussi hardie et aussi libre de son essor."
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I wanted an instrument that would free the new regime (the Second Empire) from the tutelage under which financiers usually hold governments, and which would be particularly dangerous as I felt the hostility of the great financial powers-that-be against the new regime. Without a doubt, had the Credit
114:
In 1830 Isaac
Pereire married Rachel Laurence Lopès Fonseca, a cousin of both him and Herminie; they had two sons, Eugène (born 1831) and Georges (born 1836). After Laurence's untimely death in 1837 he remarried with his niece Fanny in August 1841. Their three surviving children were Gustave (born
126:
and business elite. Claire in 1853 married
Georges Thurneyssen, son of the Protestant banker and Pereire business partner Auguste Thurneyssen. Eugène in 1859 married Juliette Betzi Fould, daughter of Emile Fould, the Pereires' notary and himself a cousin of
110:
In 1824 Emile
Pereire married his cousin Herminie Rodrigues, whose mother was Henriette's sister. They had five surviving children: Fanny (born 1825), CĂ©cile (born 1829), Claire (born 1834), Isaac-Emile (known as Emile II, born 1840) and Henry (born 1841).
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on 14 September 1867, at the demand of the Banque de France. Even so, they kept some of their wealth and properties, but had to face numerous lawsuits in the ensuing years and in 1872 were compelled to sell their art collections.
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Mobilier not been there to steer and move them forward, the policy of the Empire, as it would have been forced to compromise with the Haute Banque, could not have been as bold and unconstrained as it was.
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59:. Their attempt was temporarily successful, and even though it collapsed in the late 1860s, it contributed to a more developed and vibrant economic landscape. Like the Rothschilds, the Pereires were
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275:
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In any case, the
Pereires' heyday came to an end with the demise of the Second Empire, with which they had been deeply associated. One of the Second Empire's key political protagonists,
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1846), Henriette (born 1853) and Jeanne (born 1856). Two other boys, Jules (1843) and Julien (1845) died in infancy, and a disabled one, Edouard, died in 1876 at age twenty-one.
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and in 1800 married
Rebecca Henriette Lopès Fonseca (1777-1827), daughter of Mardochée Lopès Fonseca and Esther de Daniel Delvaille, both also Sephardic Jews from
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Emile and Isaac
Pereire moved from Bordeaux to Paris in 1822 and 1823 respectively, where they initially lived in the house of their uncle
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The
Pereires were active in real estate development and created some of the most iconic urban landscapes of the era. These included the
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The
Pereires were also instrumental in the creation and/or development of businesses they did not effectively control. These included:
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who had moved to
Bordeaux in 1788. They had three male children, of whom the second, Mardochée Télèphe (1803-1820) died in young age.
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They also maintained a lifelong involvement in public debates through the media. In the 1820s Emile wrote regularly in
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for the deaf, who was born in Spain and established himself in France in 1741, where he became an interpreter for King
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515:, created in 1862 to build ships for the Compagnie Générale Transatlantique, one of the predecessor entities of the
705:. In 1866–7, the Pereire group underwent a severe crisis largely triggered by the burden of their developments in
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152:, Isaac's elder son, led much of the remaining family business upon his father's death in 1880. His granddaughter
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Kurt
Grunwald, "Europe's Railways and Jewish Enterprise: German Jews as Pioneers of Railway Promotion."
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91:. Jacob Rodrigues Pereire (as he went by in French) married Miriam Lopès Dias, a Sephardic Jew from
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801:, and kept it as such until 1867. The same building was transformed into a luxury hotel in 1898 by
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The Pereires were deeply involved in French politics. Emile Pereire was member of Parliament (
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which operated major warehousing facilities in and around Paris, created in 1860, now part of
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Across the Borders: Financing the World's Railways in the Nineteenth and Twentieth Centuries
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Emile and Isaac Pereire: Bankers, Socialists and Sephardic Jews in Nineteenth-Century France
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bank, founded in 1852 and subsequently the backbone of the Pereire group, taken over by the
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43:) were major figures in the development of France's finance and infrastructure during the
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in Pistoia, Italy, built by Edoardo Philipson and Sophie Rodrigues Pereire, parents of
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The Pereires also sponsored coal mining developments in Lorraine and Northern France.
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created in 1835, with service inaugurated in 1837, merged in 1855 into the Pereires'
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Burial place of the Pereire-Rodrigues family including Emile and Isaac Pereire,
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neighborhood in Paris, on grounds around the park which they purchased from the
198:. They kept their commitment to Saint-Simonian beliefs despite their break with
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the Compagnie Immobilière de Paris, formed in 1856 and which in 1863 absorbed
122:. Several of the Pereire children married into established families of French
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also carry their name. Other public spaces bearing the Pereires' name are in
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843:, first opened in 1842 as one of the main railway stations in Paris; the
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from the family of the Pereires' longstanding competitors. Gustave's son
1611: This article incorporates text from a publication now in the
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began to fray. Their attempt to challenge the issue monopoly of the
371:, both controlled from 1859, both among the predecessor entities of
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Even though the Pereires were not involved, their success with the
533:, liquidated in 1894 in the crisis context of the formation of the
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228:, one of France's main railways companies, merged in 1908 into the
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railway company in Spain, created in 1858 and nationalized in 1941
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to build a palatial country house there in the early 1860s, the
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455:, created in 1854 and dismantled into national companies in 1918
99:
in 1766. Their son Isaac (1770-1806) was conscripted during the
462:
bank, created in Madrid in 1855-56 and reformed in 1902 as the
656:. In November 1871, Isaac acquired the conservative newspaper
1596:
12.1 (1967): 163–209, on Rothschild and the Pereire brothers.
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209:. Enterprises created or sponsored by the Pereires included:
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on its street level, created in 1855 and at the root of the
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424:, created in 1848, one of the main predecessor entities of
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60:
709:. The Pereires were forced to relinquished control of the
131:. Emile II in 1864 married Suzanne Chevalier, daughter of
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and continued by the Pereires; and the holiday resort of
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Société des transports en commun de la région parisienne
1531:
55:
in continental European finance, known at the time as
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was taken as a model for the creation in 1856 of the
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CompañĂa de los Caminos de Hierro del Norte de España
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highlighting Émile Pereire's role in developing the
1420:
Les frères Pereire : Le bonheur d'entreprendre
1030:
Compagnie du chemin de fer de Paris Ă Saint-Germain
543:, reformed in 1863, eventually merged in 2001 into
215:
Compagnie du chemin de fer de Paris Ă Saint-Germain
118:Eugène, Emile II, Henry and Gustave all studied at
1503:Parting the desert: the creation of the Suez Canal
1500:
1361:Compagnie du chemin de fer Grand-Central de France
694:, was resented by the Pereires' former associate
674:In the mid-1860s, the Pereires' alliances in the
327:, with the Grand HĂ´tel du Louvre and retail mall
1636:
1483:
812:In 1855 they acquired their urban mansion, the
690:which had come under French rule following the
1011:, is named after Isaac's second wife, Fanny.
755:In 1852 the Pereires bought a vast estate in
398:, created in 1864 and merged in 1879 to form
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617:between 1863 and 1869. Isaac was similarly
444:, created in 1853–54, forcibly merged into
1680:French people of Portuguese-Jewish descent
1488:. Manchester: Manchester University Press.
1417:
1072:neighborhood above the new railway in 1837
921:until 1973. In the same neighborhood, the
759:and commissioned their favorite architect
490:railway company in Russia, created in 1856
242:in 1867 following the difficulties of the
176:Steamer Pereire-Lebreton of the Pereire's
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360:in 1867 and eventually liquidated in 1881
164:was a noted historian and bibliographer.
31:- 5 January 1875, Paris) and his brother
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1284:in Paris, named Place Pereire until 1973
1087:in Paris, the terminal of the Pereires'
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590:
481:Grande société des chemins de fer russes
379:Entrepôts des magasins généraux de Paris
171:
15:
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1397:
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226:Compagnie des chemins de fer de l'Ouest
205:The Pereire brothers founded a leading
167:
1637:
1572:"La Villa Pereire (PĂ©reire-Abatilles)"
822:Embassy of the United Kingdom in Paris
686:, the note-issuing bank of the former
460:Sociedad de Crédito Mobiliario Español
453:Imperial Royal Austrian State Railways
135:'s brother Auguste. Henriette married
1426:
1128:InterContinental Paris Le Grand Hotel
586:
422:Comptoir national d'escompte de Paris
317:, one of the predecessor entities of
313:shipping company, created in 1855 as
194:, a banker. They became followers of
1378:
1189:The former Pereire country house in
736:
250:Compagnie des chemins de fer du Midi
797:to make it the headquarters of the
721:, would thus write in his memoirs:
625:between 1863 and 1869, and for the
13:
1685:Compagnie Générale Transatlantique
1586:
1532:Ralf Roth; GĂĽnter Dinhobl (2008).
1366:Crédit Mobilier of America scandal
994:has been renamed after native son
782:; it was bombed by mistake by the
567:Allgemeine Deutsche Credit-Anstalt
474:Banque Internationale Ă Luxembourg
311:Compagnie Générale Transatlantique
178:Compagnie Générale Transatlantique
14:
1701:
1690:19th-century French Sephardi Jews
1620:; et al., eds. (1901–1906).
1600:
682:through the restructuring of the
1630:. New York: Funk & Wagnalls.
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1106:created by the Pereires for the
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786:in 1944 and demolished in 1950.
367:and the house insurance company
146:, a businessman and politician.
51:challenged the dominance of the
434:, created in 1852, now part of
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1552:
1525:
1492:
895:in Paris, above the Pereires’
394:The Spanish insurance company
363:the fire and accident company
350:Société des Ports de Marseille
276:Compagnie générale des omnibus
79:The brothers' grandfather was
1:
1312:Pereire Levallois RER station
927:Pereire–Levallois RER station
563:Berliner Handels-Gesellschaft
63:, but unlike them, they were
1594:Leo Baeck Institute Yearbook
1242:The former Pereire Villa in
1229:rue du Faubourg Saint-Honoré
818:rue du Faubourg Saint-Honoré
323:The building later known as
7:
1507:. Alfred A. Knopf. p.
1319:
1204:Former headquarters of the
789:In 1854 they purchased the
669:
352:, itself taken over by the
315:Compagnie Générale Maritime
297:Compagnie parisienne de gaz
200:Barthélemy Prosper Enfantin
10:
1706:
1499:Karabell, Zachary (2003).
1091:created in the early 1840s
1014:
629:in 1869–1870. Isaac's son
83:, one of the inventors of
1104:Toulouse-Matabiau station
1089:Chemins de fer de l'Ouest
834:
731:Persigny, MĂ©moires (1896)
613:) for the département of
551:Crédit Foncier d'Autriche
517:Chantiers de l'Atlantique
185:Isaac Rodrigues-Henriques
101:French Revolutionary Wars
74:
1484:Helen M. Davies (2015).
1371:
1028:Original station of the
772:Château d'Armainvilliers
641:during the same period.
578:Stockholms Enskilda Bank
464:Banco Español de Crédito
432:Crédit Foncier de France
230:Chemins de fer de l'État
1627:The Jewish Encyclopedia
1538:. Ashgate. p. 19.
881:, developed from 1862.
81:Jacob Rodrigues Pereira
20:Isaac and Émile Pereire
1275:Place du Maréchal-Juin
1108:Chemins de fer du Midi
1068:
939:avenue du Parc Pereire
908:Place du Maréchal-Juin
752:
734:
692:Treaty of Turin (1860)
606:
604:Banque Transatlantique
180:
21:
1655:Jewish French history
1297:Pereire Metro Station
1064:Saint-Germain-en-Laye
971:Saint-Germain-en-Laye
923:Pereire Metro Station
744:
723:
594:
541:Imperial Ottoman Bank
244:Compagnie Immobilière
207:business conglomerate
175:
158:Maurice de Rothschild
19:
1670:Sephardi Jews topics
1191:Gretz-Armainvilliers
1153:Rue de la RĂ©publique
1150:(on the right), now
1004:Madame Isaac Pereire
853:Rue de la RĂ©publique
780:Château de Ferrières
757:Gretz-Armainvilliers
600:Charles Louis Gratia
202:in the early 1830s.
168:Business development
120:École Centrale Paris
45:Second French Empire
41:Gretz-Armainvilliers
1418:Jean Autin (1984).
1273:Memorial plaque on
1259:Montmartre Cemetery
1134:on the street level
943:allée Emile Pereire
623:Pyrénées-Orientales
400:La UniĂłn y el FĂ©nix
325:Louvre Saint-Honoré
35:(25 November 1806,
1576:Arcachon Nostalgie
1007:, bred in 1881 by
992:Asnières-sur-Seine
753:
696:Adolphe d'Eichthal
650:and from 1830, in
607:
587:Politics and media
356:together with the
329:Magasins du Louvre
181:
27:(3 December 1800,
22:
1650:French financiers
1356:Rothschild family
1130:(1862), with the
1085:Gare Saint-Lazare
1041:Place de l'Europe
1001:The Bourbon rose
959:rue Emile Pereire
886:Boulevard Pereire
841:Gare Saint-Lazare
791:hĂ´tel particulier
737:Family properties
664:Émile de Girardin
602:, founder of the
553:, created in 1864
523:Credito Mobiliare
476:, created in 1856
69:Portuguese origin
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39:– 12 July 1880,
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263:winery in the
261:Château Palmer
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162:Alfred Pereire
154:Noémie Halphen
150:Eugène Pereire
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33:Isaac Pereire
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975:rue Pereire
967:rue Pereire
917:was called
911: [
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868:Jules Mirès
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653:Le National
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53:Rothschilds
1639:Categories
1062:Plaque in
803:CĂ©sar Ritz
659:La Liberté
598:by artist
576:, and the
348:'s ailing
291:RATP Group
137:Eugène Mir
1622:"Pereire"
864:Marseille
816:on 35-37
778:' nearby
707:Marseille
1320:See also
1314:in Paris
1299:in Paris
1244:Arcachon
955:Bordeaux
931:Arcachon
879:Arcachon
829:Arcachon
729:—
719:Persigny
670:Downfall
647:Le Globe
621:for the
269:Bordeaux
156:married
97:Bordeaux
89:Louis XV
65:Sephardi
37:Bordeaux
29:Bordeaux
1615::
1261:, Paris
1015:Gallery
969:), and
947:Bayonne
637:in the
615:Gironde
448:in 1931
411:Allianz
319:CMA CGM
256:in 1938
105:Bayonne
93:Bayonne
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1208:, now
1126:, now
1110:, 1857
1050:, 1837
835:Legacy
793:on 15
635:député
631:Eugène
619:député
611:député
565:, the
289:, now
75:Family
47:. The
1372:Notes
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95:, in
1540:ISBN
1513:ISBN
1223:The
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639:Tarn
627:Aude
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61:Jews
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525:in
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373:Axa
67:of
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