Patient safety organization

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of 34 evidence-based best practice documents which can help hospitals get closer to zero preventable in-hospital deaths when implemented in their facilities. PSMF also encourages healthcare technology companies to sign their Open Data Pledge, which 90 companies have signed to date. The Open Data Pledge asks any healthcare technology company to share the data their devices and systems generate without knowingly interfering, blocking or charging for that data. This data is critical to the industry's ability to develop accurate algorithms and processes to keep patients from harm. PSMF also has more than 60 partnerships with professional societies, associations, other global non-profits and advocacy groups to help get to zero deaths more quickly. PSMF also works closely with patients and their families. They're well known for producing short "patient story" videos that use patient voices to tell stories about preventable deaths and harm - all which are disseminated freely online for anyone to use. PSMF annually hosts its World Safety, Science & Technology Summit, which brings together all stakeholder groups to discuss solutions to the leading challenges hospitals face. At the Summit each year, PSMF recognizes influential patient safety advocates with its Humanitarian Awards, given in memory of Beau Biden and Steven Moreau.

1164:(USP) sets official standards for all prescription and over-the-counter medicines, dietary supplements, and other healthcare products manufactured and sold in the United States, but USP standards are also recognized and used in more than 130 other countries. USP operates two programs to promote patient safety. The Medication Errors Reporting Program enables healthcare professionals to report medication errors directly to USP. MEDMARX, an internet-based error and drug reaction reporting program, is designed for use in hospitals. The USP analyzes the data it receives through its reporting programs, develops professional education programs and disseminates alerts related to medication errors. The MEDMARX report released in 2007 analyzed 11,000 medication errors during surgery in 500 hospitals between 1998 and 2005. The analysis showed that medication errors that happen in the operating room or recovery areas are three times more likely to harm a patient than errors occurring in other types of hospital care. As of 2007, this was the largest known analysis of medical errors related to surgery. 464:(NHS) by encouraging voluntary reporting of medical errors, conducting analysis and initiating preventative measures. Since 2005, the NPSA has also been responsible for: safety aspects of hospital design, cleanliness and food; safe research practices through the National Research Ethics Service (NRES); and the performance of individual doctors and dentists, through the National Clinical Assessment Service (NCAS). The NPSA identifies patient safety deficiencies with the input of clinical experts and patients, develops solutions and monitors results of corrections within the NHS. Initiatives and alerts include hand hygiene, information for doctors and patients on steps to reduce the risk of error, vaccine safety and disclosure of errors to injured patients. In addition, the National Reporting and Learning System (NRLS) allows NHS employees to provide the NPSA with reports anonymously. 701:

sentinel events (patient death and injury) and near misses (medical errors with potential harm), are reported and analyzed through its subsidiary, Patient Safety International (PSI), using a software tool, the Advanced Incident Management System (AIMS). AIMS is used in over half of Australia's hospitals, and was adopted in 2005 by the New Zealand Accident Compensation Corporation and the University of Miami Medical Group in Florida. Data remains confidential is protected from legal discovery under Australian Commonwealth Quality Assurance legislation. Patient safety information is provided by electronic newsletters.

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adverse events and errors, reducing infections associated with intensive care units or surgery and improving organizational culture, leadership and expertise in measuring improvement. The goal of the initiative is a 50 per cent reduction in adverse events per 1,000 patient days for each site. In 2004, The Health Foundation selected four hospitals from across the UK to work on a £4.3 million patient safety improvement program. These four hospitals continue to show measurable improvements in their patient safety performance, and 16 more hospitals are being selected in 2006 to join the second phase.

950:(TJC, previously abbreviated as JCAHO) is an independent, not-for-profit organization that evaluates and accredits nearly 15,000 healthcare organizations and programs in the United States. An organization must undergo an on-site survey by a Joint Commission survey team at least every three years. The scope of reviews by TJC is broad, including hospitals, home care agencies, medical equipment providers, nursing homes, rehabilitation facilities, surgical centers and medical laboratories. Passing a survey is crucial for most organizations, since accreditation by TJC is required for participation in 999:

officially launched in November 2000 with the initial focus provided by the 1999 Institute of Medicine report – reducing preventable medical mistakes (the report recommended that large employers leverage their purchasing power for the quality and safety of health care). The "leapfrog" concept involves encouraging rapid advances in the quality and safety of health care delivered in hospitals, by public reporting of health care quality and outcomes (hospital quality ratings) to influence consumers' choices. In 2001, the initial set of quality measures were

978:, make improvements to the underlying processes, and monitor the effectiveness of the changes. Although the cause of most sentinel events is human error, changes in organizational systems will reduce the likelihood of human error in the future and protect patients from harm when human error does occur. Specific causes of sentinel events and the solutions that hospitals then used successfully to reduce risks are publicized by TJC annually. Alerts have included issues as varied as wrong site surgery, restraint deaths, 301:(WHO) launched the World Alliance for Patient Safety in October 2004. The goal was to develop standards for patient safety and assist UN member states to improve the safety of health care. The Alliance raises awareness and political commitment to improve the safety of care and facilitates the development of patient safety policy and practice in all WHO Member States. Each year, the Alliance delivers a number of programs covering systemic and technical aspects to improve patient safety around the world. 1003:(CPOE), evidence-based hospital referral, intensive care unit (ICU) staffing by physicians experienced in critical care medicine, and a "Leapfrog Safe Practices Score", based on the National Quality Forum endorsed Safe Practices. In 2023, Leapfrog now publicly reports nearly 50 measures in a variety of domains, including safe administration of medications, maternity care (including C-Section rates), pediatric CT dosage, responses to patient harm, and health equity. 631:(HCUP). The HCUP is a Federal-State-Industry partnership providing all discharge data from 994 hospitals—approximately 8 million hospital stays each year. The Nationwide Inpatient Sample is the largest all-payer inpatient care database in the United States from which national estimates of inpatient care can be derived. Using safety data from the NIS, the AHRQ has been able to provide complication rates and risk data, even for rare surgical procedures, such as 3688: 1078: 66: 123: 25: 3712: 1051:, and other processes to improve teamwork and communication, participants may join clinical collaboratives, including the national CUSP/Stop BSI and CUSP/CAUTI projects focused on prevention of bloodstream infections and catheter-associated bloodstream infections. Additional initiatives include the Hand Hygiene Project, Prevention of Injury from Falls, and Hospital and Medical Offices Surveys on Patient Safety. 3700: 485:(NPSA) cooperate in risk assessment of new technology, monitoring safety incidents associated with procedures, and providing solutions if adverse outcomes are reported. In addition, NICE and NPSA share reporting in areas known as "Confidential Enquiries": maternal or infant deaths, childhood deaths to age 16, deaths in persons with mental illness, and perioperative and unexpected medical deaths. 916:, IHI works to accelerate improvement by building the will for change, cultivating promising concepts for improving patient care, and helping health care systems put those ideas into action. An important heuristic of IHI is the Triple Aim. IHI advocates for organizations and communities to aim to improve population health and the experience of care while reducing per capita cost. Founder 864:

for Federally Listed Patient Safety Organizations and their member providers. AQIPS and its members are committed to implementing innovative improvement programs using the protections of the Patient Safety Act to improve patient safety, quality, clinical performance and patient outcomes with the goal of encouraging a safety culture and minimizing patient risk. (See www.AQIPS.org)

938:(USP) in cooperation with ISMP. In addition, ISMP's corporate subsidiary, Med-E.R.R.S. (Medical Error Recognition and Revision Strategies), works directly and confidentially with the pharmaceutical industry to prevent errors that stem from confusing or misleading naming, labeling, packaging, and device design. The ISMP list of error-prone abbreviations is distributed nationally. 724:. An independent non-profit corporation, the CPSI promotes solutions and collaboration among governments and stakeholders to improve patient safety, and has a five-year mandate. Areas of improvement are education, system innovation, communication, regulatory affairs and research. Together with the Institute For Safe Medication Practices Canada and Saskatchewan Health, a Canadian 846:(NIHR). The unit has two aims. The first is to conduct research in patient safety. The second is to make sure that the unit's findings are used in practice, to improve the welfare of people in North Lancashire and South Cumbria and throughout the National Health Service. In June 2010 the Unit's director, Professor Andrew Smith, helped launch 762:

care workers dealing with infants (neonatologists, pediatricians, nurses, medical students, and others), and promote a culture of patient safety. More detailed goals included formulating protocols and guidelines to enhance continuity of care in NICUs, conducting research on specific aspects of patient safety, and reporting adverse events.

678:(FDAAA), expanded the authority of the FDA over drug safety monitoring after approval and introduction for use by the public. In 2008, the FDA established a single website for both the public and the healthcare profession with access to drug safety information, including warnings, recalls, and reporting of adverse reactions, using 1015:(ASMSO) is a not-for-profit association established in 2006 with a mission to advance and encourage excellence in the profession of pharmacy by providing leadership, direction, education and communication among its members, to represent pharmacy in organized healthcare settings and promote the advancement of safe medication use. 1138:

and is based in Irvine, California. Over the last 7 years, PSMF has gathered 4,710 hospitals in 46 countries. These hospitals have reported saving more than 90,146 lives through their commitments. Most of these commitments align with the PSMF's Actionable Patient Safety Solutions (APSS), a collection

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Initiatives that are currently the focus of MOCPS include the People, Priorities and Learning Together (PPLT) initiative, which brings together evidence-based practices that have been part of the work of the MOCPS and Missouri Hospital Association. This approach offers options for hospitals to select

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or "best practices". By 2006, the National Guideline Clearinghouse (NGC) contained more than 1,700 disease-specific diagnosis, management and treatment recommendations, developed from current medical literature. The goal of the NGC is to provide health professionals and institutions, health plans and

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On 16 July 2007, the New Zealand State Services Minister Annette King announced that "The Government is not proceeding at this stage with legislation that would have enabled the establishment of a joint agency with Australia to regulate therapeutic products." She further advised that "The Government

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organizations are data collection, analysis, reporting, education, funding, and advocacy. A PSO differs from a Federally designed Patient Safety Organization (PSO), which provides health care providers in the U.S. privilege and confidentiality protections for efforts to improve patient safety and the

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Staggered by increasing health insurance costs, several large US companies met in 1998 to influence quality and affordability. The resulting Leapfrog Group agreed to base their purchase of health care on principles that "encourage provider quality improvement and consumer involvement". The group was

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The Alliance for Quality Improvement and Patient Safety fosters the efforts of Federally-listed Patient Safety Organizations under the Patient Safety and Quality Improvement Act of 2005 to improve patient safety and the quality of patient care delivery. AQIPS is a nonprofit professional association

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Patients for Patient Safety is part of the World Alliance for Patient Safety launched in 2004 by the WHO. The project emphasizes the central role patients and consumers can play in efforts to improve the quality and safety of healthcare around the world. PFPS works with a global network of patients,

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to inform healthcare professionals and others about medication error prevention. ISMP operates a voluntary practitioner error-reporting program to tabulate errors nationally, understand their causes, and share “lessons learned” with the healthcare community, known as the Medication Errors Reporting

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is a German non-profit association of organizations and individuals interested and involved in promotion of patient safety. APS' multidisciplinary working groups develop recommendations for patient safety activities in in- and outpatient healthcare institutions. The recommendations are available as

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The APSF is a non-profit independent organization founded in 1989 for anesthesia error monitoring, and expanded to patient incident reporting and monitoring after results from the Quality in Australian Health Care Study (QAHCS) in 1995 prompted reaction from the public. Adverse medical events, both

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The Australian Commission on Safety and Quality in Health Care (the commission) was established by the Australian, State and Territory Governments to lead and coordinate national improvements in safety and quality. The Commission replaced the Australian Council for Safety and Quality in Health Care

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In 1997, TJC began including outcomes and other performance data into the accreditation process (the "ORYX initiative"). Information gained allowed the Joint Commission to develop National Patient Safety Goals to promote specific improvements in patient safety. The Goals highlight problem areas in

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The Commission engages in collaborative work in patient safety and healthcare quality that benefits from national coordination. This includes the development of the Australian Charter of Healthcare Rights and the National Safety and Quality Health Service Standards, improving areas such as patient

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At the Fifty-Ninth World Health Assembly in May 2006, the Secretariat reported that the Alliance held patient safety meetings in five of the six WHO regions and 40 technical workshops in 18 countries. Since the launch of the Alliance in October 2004, significant progress was achieved in six areas:

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is a not-for-profit corporation created to help eradicate hospital-acquired infections. Its goal is to instigate a national change in ideology and practices within the healthcare environment in regard to hand hygiene, by emphasizing well-established methods proven to result in safer patient care.

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The Egyptian Neonatal Safety Training Network (ENSTN) originated from a 2013 project funded by Tempus. The main objective was to develop and support an organization that would establish high standards of practice in neonatal intensive care units (NICUs), inform and train the whole range of health

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is an independent organization that produces guidance on public health, health technologies and clinical practice in England and Wales. NICE has three centers of excellence. The Centre for Public Health Excellence develops public health guidance, with information for patients on the diagnosis and

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The Council on Surgical & Perioperative Safety (CSPS) was founded in August 2007 and is incorporated in the State of Illinois. The CSPS is a unique coalition of seven professional organizations representing the entire spectrum of the surgical team. Its voting member organizations include the

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Based in London, England, the Health Foundation is an independent charity that aims to improve the quality of health care for the people of the United Kingdom. The Safer Patients Initiative, one of the Foundation's quality and performance improvement programs, targets reducing medication-related

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The Institute for Safe Medication Practices Canada (ISMP) is an independent national non-profit agency that reviews and analyzes medication incident and near-miss reports. In collaboration with the Canadian Institute for Health Information (CIHI), and Health Canada, ISMP established the Canadian

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On July 29, 2005, the United States Congress established guidelines for Patient Safety Organizations under the Patient Safety Quality Act of 2005. The focus of the legislation is to provide incentives for clinicians to participate in voluntary initiatives to improve the outcomes of patient care,

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Other key areas of work for the Commission include National Health Service accreditation, recognizing and responding to clinical deterioration, patient centered care, safety and quality in mental health and primary care and the development of national safety and quality indicators as part of the

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In December 2003, the Australian and New Zealand Governments signed an agreement to establish a joint regulatory organization for therapeutic products. The Australia New Zealand Therapeutic Products Authority (ANZTPA) will replace the Australian Therapeutic Goods Administration (TGA) and the New

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The Therapeutic Goods Administration (TGA) is a unit of the Australian Government Department of Health and Ageing. The TGA approves and monitors prescription and non-prescription drugs (including herbal products), medical supplies and devices and blood and biological products. Risks to users are

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site that contains profiles of hundreds of patient safety programs that have been implemented in hospitals and other health care settings across the United States. The goal of the site is to document and share these innovations with other organizations that can adapt them in different settings,

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It was designed for medication safety officers with the goal to provide an open forum for information sharing and collaboration. ASMSO was acquired by the Institute for Safe Medication Practices (ISMP) in 2013 and was renamed the Medication Safety Officers Society (MSOS). Membership in MSOS is

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In 2005, TJC established an International Center for Patient Safety to collaborate with international patient safety organizations to identify, develop and share safety solutions, conduct joint research, and advocate public policy changes. Educational materials to help patients prevent medical

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The Food and Drug Administration is an agency of the United States government that regulates food, drugs, medical devices and biological products for human use. The FDA receives medication error reports on marketed human drugs from direct contacts and manufacturer's reports, and in 1992, began

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called for a broad national effort to prevent these events, including the establishment of patient safety centers, expanded reporting of adverse events, and development of safety programs in healthcare organizations. Although many PSOs are funded and run by governments, others have sprung from

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In its role primarily as a coordination and facilitation body, the Commission utilizes evidence and data and the experience, enthusiasm and commitment of consumers, clinicians, managers and other stakeholders to influence the system to make changes for the safety and quality of health care in

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does not have the numbers in Parliament to put in place a sensible, acceptable compromise that would satisfy all parties at this time. The Australian Government has been informed of the situation and agrees that suspending negotiations on the joint authority is a sensible course of action."

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and analyzing the root causes has been a focus of TJC since 1996; the first eight alerts were published in 1998. The Commission defines a sentinel event as "any unexpected occurrence involving death or serious physical or psychological injury, or the risk thereof." The health care facility

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and the Institute for Healthcare Improvement (IHI) began working together as one organization. The merged entity is committed to using its combined knowledge and resources to focus and energize the patient safety agenda in order to build systems of safety across the continuum of care.

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Advisory Commission on Consumer Protection and Quality in the Health Care Industry completed its work on March 12, 1998. Its final report. entitled "Quality First: Better Health Care for All Americans," recommends the following characteristics of a patient safety organization:

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components of the initiative to fit their own unique needs for quality and safety efforts, providing options to select components of most value to the individual hospital. In addition to opportunities to learn the Comprehensive Unit-based Safety Program (CUSP), TeamSTEPPS,

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The Patient Safety Movement Foundation (PSMF) is a commitments-based global non-profit that has a bold goal to achieve ZERO preventable deaths in hospitals. PSMF works with partners in more than 50 countries worldwide. The organization was founded in 2012 by

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treatment of specific illnesses and conditions. The Centre for Health Technology Evaluation recommends medicines and evaluates the safety and efficacy of procedures within the National Health Service. The Centre for Clinical Practice develops evidence-based

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The Institute for Safe Medication Practices (ISMP), based in suburban Philadelphia, is a nonprofit organization devoted to preventing medication errors and the safe use of medications. Its medication error prevention efforts began in 1975 with a column in

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health care purchasers an accessible mechanism for obtaining objective clinical practice guidelines. Adoption of guidelines has been slowed by physician and hospital concerns that practice guidelines threaten physician autonomy and authority, fuel

889:, the American Society of PeriAnesthesia Nurses, and the Association of Surgical Technologists. The CSPS and its member organizations have a combined total of more than 250,000 members and represent more than two million healthcare practitioners. 850:, a practical manifesto aimed at improving the safety of anesthesia care throughout Europe. He is now part of a joint European Society of Anesthesiology/European Board of Anesthesiology Task Force overseeing the implementation of the Declaration. 847: 372:

Zealand Medicines and Medical Devices Safety Authority (Medsafe), and be accountable to the Australian and New Zealand Governments. Implementing legislation is scheduled for introduction into both countries' parliaments in July 2006.

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Rohe, Julia; Heinrich, Andrea Sanguino; Fishman, Liat; Renner, Daniela; Thomeczek, Christian (2010). "15 Jahre ÄZQ – 10 Jahre Patientensicherheit am ÄZQ" [After 15 years of ÄZQ: 10 years of safety for patients].

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and open disclosure, and reducing healthcare associated infection. The commission has also developed the National Safety and Quality Framework to improve the safety and quality of the Australian health system.

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report commissioned by the FDA found that its drug safety system is limited by inadequate funding, insufficient regulatory authority, and a lack of oversight by experts free of pharmaceutical industry ties.

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Medication Incident Prevention and Reporting System (CMIRPS) in 2003. ISMP takes the lead role in collecting reports from health practitioners, analyzing incidents, and disseminating preventative methods.

584:(AHRQ), the lead federal agency for healthcare safety. The AHRQ organizes patient safety activities, provides grants to other organizations, serves as a clearinghouse for safety information, and publishes 901:

of 2005. ECRI Institute Patient Safety Organization serves nationwide as a PSO directly for providers, hospitals, and health systems as well as provide support services to state and regional PSOs.

1031:(MOCPS) is a Federally designated Patient Safety Organization (PSO)fostering change throughout Missouri's health care delivery systems and across the continuum of care. It was established by the 966:, and improving hospital staff communication. In addition, the Joint Commission created a "do not use" list of abbreviations in 2004 to avoid acronyms and symbols that lead to misinterpretation. 368:(ADRAC) of the TGA; reporting by medical professionals and consumers is voluntary. ADRAC notifies medical professionals and the public through recalls and alerts on its website and publications. 3905: 1036: 1028: 425:

The Commission aims to reduce avoidable deaths and harm, reduce wastage, and make the best use of the health dollar. It works towards the New Zealand Triple Aim for quality improvement:

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The effectiveness of the FDA's drug safety monitoring procedures was called into question after several approved drugs were shown to have serious side effects. In September 2006, an

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documents and distributed in healthcare institutions for free. APS acting together with the German Agency for Quality in Medicine is a Lead Technical Agency of the High 5 Project.

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In 2001, the US Congress responded to the IOM recommendation to create a National Center for Patient Safety by allocating $ 50 million annually for patient safety research to the

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In 2005, AHRQ provided links to a compendium of 140 research articles, implementation programs and tools and products used to improve patient safety, sponsored jointly with the

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Commission programs include medication safety, infection prevention and control, reportable events, consumer engagement and participation, and mortality review committees.

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The FDA launched a new program in 2005 to provide drug risk information directly to the public through internet-accessible drug sheets and bulletins. The enactment of the

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and some state and private health care programs. Since the accreditation rate is over 90%, there have been questions raised regarding the effectiveness of these surveys.

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provide information about the underlying causes of errors in the delivery of health care, and to disseminate this information in order to speed the pace of improvement.

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Be located in an entity that does not have public or private regulatory responsibilities (i.e., it should not be a licensing, accrediting, or compliance entity).

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in several countries revealed a staggering number of patient injuries and deaths each year due to avoidable errors and deficiencies in health care, among them

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assessed prior to product introduction, and manufacturers are regularly audited for efficacy, quality and safety. Manufacturers are required to report

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under the New Zealand Public Health and Disability Act 2000 to lead and co-ordinate work across the health and disability sector for the purposes of:

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to support patient involvement in patient safety programs, both within countries and in the global programs of the World Alliance for Patient Safety.

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A patient involvement group, Patients for Patient Safety, built networks of patients’ organizations from around the world, through regional workshops.

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campaign, aimed at reducing error-related injuries by focusing on six evidence-based measures and through over 200 local organizations, based on the

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Fixing Drug Safety System Will Require 'New Drug' Symbol on Labels, Major Boost in FDA Staff and Funding, and Increased Public Access to Information

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Framework is offered to healthcare organizations to analyze the contributing factors that led to a critical incident or close call.

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Be linked with initiatives for conducting interdisciplinary research and demonstrations addressing healthcare quality improvement.

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AQUMED was one of the first German organizations calling for effective patient safety programs. The agency was co-founder of the

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The AHRQ, in partnership with data organizations in 37 states, sponsors the Nationwide Inpatient Sample (NIS), a database of the

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The First Global Patient Safety Challenge, which for 2005–2006 (addressing health care-associated infection) developed the

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WHO guidelines on hand hygiene in health care : first global patient safety challenge : clean care is safer care

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health care and describe evidence-based solutions. Examples include prevention of falls, patient identification, reducing

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The Patient Safety Commissioner (PSC) was appointed on 13 July 2022 and took up her post officially on 12 September 2022

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On November 5, 2008, ECRI Institute PSO was officially listed as a federal Patient Safety Organization under the

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Ollenschläger, G. (2001), "Medizinische Risiken, Fehler und Patientensicherheit. Zur Situation in Deutschland",

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Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality: The Patient Safety and Quality Improvement Act of 2005 (June 2006):

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Departments of Labor, Health and Human Services, and Education, and Related Agencies Appropriations Act, 2008

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Have mechanisms for communicating with a variety of healthcare entities, facilities, providers, and plans.

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monitoring medication error reports that are forwarded from the United States Pharmacopeia (USP) and the

494: 1728:"Free Resources for Quality Improvement from AHRQ Innovations Exchange - Improve the Quality of Your QI" 4730: 4664: 4623: 4570: 3438: 3363: 3268: 2804: 1374: 1161: 935: 4497: 3560: 3555: 3423: 3122: 2829: 2787: 2751: 2658: 1825: 1670:(Testimony before the House Subcommittee on Health, Committee on Ways and Means (September 10, 2002)) 605: 361: 298: 140: 4705: 3398: 3097: 2809: 2705: 1317: 951: 809: 2110: 272:

Raise awareness and inform the public, health professionals, providers, purchasers, and employers.

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Design and conduct pilot projects to study safety initiatives, including monitoring of results.

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The New Zealand Health Quality & Safety Commission was established in November 2010 as a

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allowing the adopters to base their quality improvement plans on previously tested methods.

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for clinicians on the appropriate treatment of people with specific diseases. NICE and the

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Advances in Patient Safety: From Research to Implementation (Current as of February 2005)

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monitoring and improving the quality and safety of health and disability support services

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Guidelines for Clinical Practice: From Development to Use (Institute of Medicine, 1992)

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Guidelines for Clinical Practice: From Development to Use (Institute of Medicine, 1992)

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helping providers across the whole sector to improve the quality and safety of services.

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A WHO Collaborating Centre was established to develop and disseminate safety solutions.

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World Health Organization - Europe. Health Evidence Network (HEN). Technical Members:

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continues to serve on the Board of Directors, Kedar Mate serves as president and CEO.

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Advisory Commission on Consumer Protection and Quality in the Health Care Industry:

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Obesity Surgery Complication Rates Higher Over Time. Press Release, July 24, 2006.

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in response to recommendations from the Governor's Commission for Patient Safety.

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The German Coalition for Patient Safety (APS), established in 2005 and located in

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arising from poor infection control. In the United States, a 1999 report from the

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It may require cleanup to comply with Knowledge's content policies, particularly

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http://www.jcipatientsafety.org/show.asp?durki=9751&site=165&return=9368

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errors, sentinel event alerts and other resources are provided on the internet.

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The Unit was founded in January 2008 and is a collaborative venture between the

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Therapeutic Goods Administration and Adverse Drug Reactions Advisory Committee

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As implementation of the Patient Safety Commissioner for Scotland Act 2023 a

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Tommy G. Thompson, Secretary, U.S. Department of Health and Human Services:

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Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality: PSO Overview (February 2008):

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The WHO Draft Guidelines on Adverse Event Reporting and Learning Systems.

326:

Prevalence studies conducted on patient harm in ten developing countries.

275:

Conduct fundraising and provide funding for research and safety projects.

2237:"ISMP list of error-prone abbreviations, symbols, and dose designations" 1752: 1325:. Geneva, Switzerland: World Health Organization, Patient Safety. 2009. 467: 4669: 4354: 4344: 4309: 4138: 3280: 3002: 2468:(Press release). Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. 2005-04-21 1926: 1895: 1555: 1533: 1286: 780: 2187: 2170: 4227: 4203: 4011: 3378: 3197: 2767: 2648: 2055:

Zeitschrift für Evidenz, Fortbildung und Qualität im Gesundheitswesen

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private entities such as industry, professional and consumer groups.

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experiencing the sentinel event is expected to complete a thorough

679: 612:(CDC) and its National Electronic Disease Surveillance System, the 2388: 2321: 1433: 1243: 493:

As implementation of the Medicines and Medical Devices Act 2021 a

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The National Institute for Health and Clinical Excellence (NICE)

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Biodefense and Pandemic Vaccine and Drug Development Act of 2005

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Collect data on the prevalence and individual details of errors.

4210: 3211: 2466:"Infection Control: Frequently Asked Questions on Hand Hygiene" 2401:"Missouri Center for Patient Safety - Your Health Matters Most" 2169:

Merry, Alan F.; Shuker, Carl; Hamblin, Richard (October 2017).

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The Helsinki Declaration for Patient Safety in Anaesthesiology

482: 3373: 1772:

The Institute of Medicine (News Release, September 22, 2006)

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The Medication Safety Officers Society formerly known as The

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Australian Commission on Safety and Quality in Health Care:

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In response to a 2002 World Health Assembly Resolution, the

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Committee on the Environment, Public Health and Food Safety

3305: 2526:"Medication Errors During Surgeries Particularly Dangerous" 1826:"The safety of Australian healthcare: 10 years after QAHCS" 804: 16:

Group that improves medical care by reducing medical errors

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created in July 2001 to improve patient safety within the

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Australian Commission on Safety and Quality in Health Care

323:

was developed to classify data on patient safety problems.

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To achieve their goals, patient safety organizations may

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currently free to all interested parties who register.

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Be located in an entity that is credible and respected.

500:"Medicines and Medical Devices Act 2021: Section 1" 1432:

Australia New Zealand Therapeutic Products Authority:

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To Err Is Human: Building a Safer Health System (1999)

798: 224:(see 42 U.S.C. 299b-21 et seq. and www.PSO.AHRQ.gov.) 74:

A major contributor to this article appears to have a

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National Institute for Health and Clinical Excellence

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National Institute for Health and Clinical Excellence

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Propose and disseminate methods for error prevention.

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Ross McL Wilson and Martin B Van Der Weyden (2005).

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Reducing Medical Errors and Improving Patient Safety

1502:"Patient Safety Commissioner: Annual Report 2022-23" 1489:

Providing national guidance on promoting good health

709: 292: 151:, and by adding encyclopedic content written from a 1799:

Food and Drug Administration Amendments Act of 2007

1712:Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality (AHRQ): 1583:

Quality First: Better Health Care for All Americans

859:

Alliance for Quality Improvement and Patient Safety

676:

Food and Drug Administration Amendments Act of 2007

4093:Countermeasures Injury Compensation Program (CICP) 2353:Hospital Care National Performance Measures (2002) 2168: 1648:Medical Review Criteria and Managing Benefit Costs 406:New Zealand Health Quality & Safety Commission 4751:Shoulder injury related to vaccine administration 4077:Cedillo v. Secretary of Health and Human Services 1753:"About the AHRQ Health Care Innovations Exchange" 1681:Overview of the Nationwide Inpatient Sample (NIS) 1534:Patient Safety Commissioner for Scotland Act 2023 447: 4768: 2387:American Society of Medication Safety Officers: 1569:Highlights of the Notice of Proposed Rule-making 1453:Therapeutics Products and Medicines Bill on hold 779:is a not-profit organization, which coordinates 278:Advocate for regulatory and legislative changes. 4463:Association of American Physicians and Surgeons 4267:Joint Committee on Vaccination and Immunisation 3890: 1925:Institute for Safe Medication Practices Canada 844:National Institute for Health and Care Research 836:University Hospitals of Morecambe Bay NHS Trust 717:Institut canadien pour la sécurité des patients 653: 601:insurers to curtail patient care expenditures. 429:improved quality, safety and experience of care 4257:National Immunization Technical Advisory Group 1891:Institut canadien sur la sécurité des patients 1616:Practice guidelines and liability implications 1413:Therapeutic Goods Administration (Australia): 1013:American Society of Medication Safety Officers 883:Association of periOperative Registered Nurses 743:Institute for Safe Medication Practices Canada 488: 435:best value for public health system resources. 432:improved health and equity for all populations 3876: 3744: 2572: 2260:"Accreditors Blamed for Overlooking Problems" 1974: 1586:(March 12, 1998), Retrieved on July 11, 2006. 1155: 714:The Canadian Patient Safety Institute (CPSI, 565:Have the ability to collect and analyze data. 311:WHO Guidelines on Hand Hygiene in Health Care 282: 4473:Children's Medical Safety Research Institute 4443:Children's Medical Safety Research Institute 4427: 4262:Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices 4088:National Vaccine Injury Compensation Program 2002: 1889: 1692:Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality: 1679:Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality: 1595:Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality: 868:Council on Surgical and Perioperative Safety 715: 685: 349: 287: 4483:New Jersey Coalition for Vaccination Choice 4448:New Jersey Coalition for Vaccination Choice 2437:"Missouri State Medical Association - Home" 53:Learn how and when to remove these messages 4634:Warnings About Vaccination Expectations NZ 4600:National League for Liberty in Vaccination 3883: 3869: 3751: 3737: 3534:Centers for Disease Control and Prevention 2579: 2565: 1939:"Egyptian Neontal Safety Training NetWork" 1589: 1101:. Please do not remove this message until 899:Patient Safety and Quality Improvement Act 893:ECRI Institute Patient Safety Organization 875:American Association of Nurse Anesthetists 614:Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services 610:Centers for Disease Control and Prevention 582:Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality 576:Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality 497:for England was appointed on 12 July 2022. 3494:Centre for Disease Prevention and Control 3484:Center for Disease Control and Prevention 2234:Institute for Safe Medication Practices: 2186: 2028: 1988: 1121:Learn how and when to remove this message 757:Egyptian Neonatal Safety Training Network 366:Adverse Drug Reactions Advisory Committee 189:Learn how and when to remove this message 171:Learn how and when to remove this message 105:Learn how and when to remove this message 2106:Lancaster Patient Safety Research Unit: 1943:Egyptian Neontal Safety Training NetWork 1397:"WHO | Patients for patient safety" 1097:Relevant discussion may be found on the 910:The Institute for Healthcare Improvement 820: 525:Patient Safety Commissioner for Scotland 4030:Measles resurgence in the United States 3831:1990–1991 Philadelphia measles outbreak 3539:Health departments in the United States 2523: 2517: 2322:International Center For Patient Safety 2215:Institute for Safe Medication Practices 2003:Hoffmann, Barbara; Rohe, Julia (2010). 1725: 1614:American College of Surgeons Bulletin: 941: 924:Institute for Safe Medication Practices 661:Institute for Safe Medication Practices 629:Healthcare Cost and Utilization Project 4769: 4660:Vaccine Adverse Event Reporting System 4294:Northern Rivers Vaccination Supporters 3544:Council on Education for Public Health 2108:Lancaster Patient Safety Research Unit 1876:Australian Patient Safety Foundation: 1499: 830:Lancaster Patient Safety Research Unit 132:contains content that is written like 4108:National Childhood Vaccine Injury Act 3864: 3732: 3602:Professional degrees of public health 3509:Ministry of Health and Family Welfare 2560: 1957:German Agency for Quality in Medicine 1142: 993: 887:American Society of Anesthesiologists 777:German Agency for Quality in Medicine 771:German Agency for Quality in Medicine 647:AHRQ Health Care Innovations Exchange 4566:Australian Vaccination-risks Network 3699: 3592:Bachelor of Science in Public Health 2552:Improvement Science Research Network 2257: 1597:The National Guideline Clearinghouse 1199:Improvement Science Research Network 1071: 905:Institute for Healthcare Improvement 696:Australian Patient Safety Foundation 116: 59: 18: 4741:Anti-vaccinationism in chiropractic 4478:National Vaccine Information Center 4458:Anti-Vaccination Society of America 4284:Strategic Advisory Group of Experts 4056:Mumps outbreaks in the 21st century 3711: 2860:Workers' right to access the toilet 2701:Human right to water and sanitation 2171:"Patient safety and the Triple Aim" 1888:Canadian Patient Safety Institute ( 1608: 1268:from the original on 26 August 2015 815: 799:German Coalition for Patient Safety 789:German Coalition for Patient Safety 512:, 2021-02-11, 2021 c. 3 (s. 1) 389:identification, medication safety, 13: 4516: 3789:Oral polio vaccine AIDS hypothesis 3779:Blood-injection-injury type phobia 3758: 2405:Missouri Center for Patient Safety 2009:Deutsches Ärzteblatt International 1842:10.5694/j.1326-5377.2005.tb06694.x 1812:Postmarket Drug Safety Information 1810:[US Food and Drug Administration: 1399:. January 21, 2005. Archived from 1225: 1068:Patient Safety Movement Foundation 1061:National Patient Safety Foundation 1055:National Patient Safety Foundation 1037:Missouri State Medical Association 1029:Missouri Center for Patient Safety 1023:Missouri Center for Patient Safety 1007:Medication Safety Officers Society 1001:computerized physician order entry 853: 783:quality programs. In the field of 337:Patients for Patient Safety (PFPS) 14: 4793: 3133:Commercial determinants of health 2586: 2545: 1785:US Food and Drug Administration: 1354:Patient Safety Information Centre 731:In April 2005, CPSI launched the 710:Canadian Patient Safety Institute 618:Quality improvement organizations 442: 398:information strategies activity. 293:World Alliance for Patient Safety 34:This article has multiple issues. 4777:Medical and health organizations 4736:Alternative vaccination schedule 4527:National Anti-Vaccination League 3906:Democratic Republic of the Congo 3841:2018 Madagascar measles outbreak 3710: 3698: 3687: 3686: 2716:National public health institute 2524:Gardner, Amanda (6 March 2007). 1797:US Government Printing Office: 1500:Hughes, Henrietta (2023-07-13). 1238:. The National Academies Press. 1076: 934:Program (MERP), operated by the 537: 222:quality of patient care delivery 121: 85:. Please discuss further on the 64: 23: 4721:2000 Simpsonwood CDC conference 4453:Informed Consent Action Network 3930:1,000 to 10,000 confirmed cases 3820: 3113:Open-source healthcare software 2855:Sociology of health and illness 2498: 2479: 2458: 2447: 2429: 2411: 2393: 2381: 2357: 2345: 2326: 2314: 2301: 2288: 2276: 2258:Gaul, Gilbert M. (2005-07-25). 2251: 2228: 2203: 2162: 2144: 2119: 2100: 2081: 2045: 1996: 1968: 1949: 1931: 1919: 1900: 1882: 1870: 1817: 1804: 1791: 1779: 1766: 1745: 1726:Ireland, Belinda (2013-04-02). 1719: 1706: 1686: 1673: 1653: 1640: 1627: 1574: 1561: 1548: 1525: 1493: 1481: 1469: 1457: 1445: 1386:(2005), retrieved July 15, 2006 42:or discuss these issues on the 4716:Vaccine-induced seropositivity 4576:Informed Medical Options Party 4493:The Autism Community in Action 3474:Caribbean Public Health Agency 3286:Sexually transmitted infection 3183:Statistical hypothesis testing 2944:Occupational safety and health 2845:Sexual and reproductive health 2758:Occupational safety and health 1477:National Patient Safety Agency 1426: 1407: 1389: 1359: 1346: 1310: 1292: 1279: 1232:Institute of Medicine (1999). 546: 483:National Patient Safety Agency 454:National Patient Safety Agency 448:National Patient Safety Agency 1: 4555: 4154:Vaccine Information Statement 3836:2013 Swansea measles epidemic 3128:Social determinants of health 2506:Practitioners' Reporting News 2284:National Patient Safety Goals 1776:. Retrieved 26 September 2006 1635:Concerns about Tort Liability 1511:. Patient Safety Commissioner 1451:NZ Government Media Release: 1033:Missouri Hospital Association 3188:Analysis of variance (ANOVA) 2949:Human factors and ergonomics 2504:United States Pharmacopeia: 2485:United States Pharmacopeia: 1830:Medical Journal of Australia 879:American College of Surgeons 690: 654:Food and Drug Administration 622:Food and Drug Administration 458:NHS special health authority 259:Analyze sources of error by 247: 7: 4542:Pioneer Club (women's club) 4503:World Chiropractic Alliance 4274:Patient safety organization 4192:Melanie's Marvelous Measles 3892:2019–2020 measles outbreaks 3369:Good manufacturing practice 3173:Randomized controlled trial 1977:Schweizerische Ärztezeitung 1814:. Retrieved 21 October 2008 1801:. Retrieved 21 October 2008 1509:Patient Safety Commissioner 1434:Introduction to the project 1365:World Health Organization: 1352:World Health Organization: 1285:World Health Organization: 1167: 1103:conditions to do so are met 645:In 2008, AHRQ launched the 495:Patient Safety Commissioner 489:Patient Safety Commissioner 342:consumers, caregivers, and 205:patient safety organization 10: 4798: 4731:Vaccine-associated sarcoma 4665:Number needed to vaccinate 4624:Stop Mandatory Vaccination 4613: 4589: 4571:Church of Conscious Living 4045: 3899:>10,000 confirmed cases 3439:Theory of planned behavior 3364:Good agricultural practice 3269:Public health surveillance 3161:epidemiological statistics 2805:Public health intervention 2127:"About ECRI Institute PSO" 2067:10.1016/j.zefq.2010.08.002 1162:United States Pharmacopeia 1156:United States Pharmacopeia 936:United States Pharmacopeia 765: 283:Governmental organizations 4688: 4646: 4619: 4612: 4595: 4588: 4561: 4554: 4522: 4515: 4498:Texans for Vaccine Choice 4468:Children's Health Defense 4433: 4426: 4420:Anti-vaxxer organizations 4419: 4374:Anti-vaxxer personalities 4373: 4302: 4249: 4220: 4162: 4127:Vaccine safety procedures 4126: 4068: 4051: 4044: 4026: 3961:<1,000 confirmed cases 3960: 3929: 3898: 3860: 3853: 3826: 3819: 3812: 3764: 3682: 3617: 3576: 3561:World Toilet Organization 3556:World Health Organization 3463: 3452: 3389: 3314: 3230: 3158: 3123:Public health informatics 3063: 2868: 2830:Right to rest and leisure 2659:Globalization and disease 2594: 2369:ratings.leapfroggroup.org 2175:Internal Medicine Journal 2089:Safer Patients Initiative 2021:10.3238/arztebl.2010.0092 1475:National Health Service: 1356:, retrieved July 15, 2006 1289:, retrieved July 15, 2006 704: 686:Independent organizations 606:Health and Human Services 527:will be appointed by the 350:Australia and New Zealand 299:World Health Organization 288:World Health Organization 4706:Vaccination and religion 4428:United States of America 3854: 3607:Schools of public health 3399:Diffusion of innovations 3098:Health impact assessment 2810:Public health laboratory 2706:Management of depression 2351:National Quality Forum: 2248:Retrieved 12 August 2006 1716:Retrieved 12 August 2006 1219: 986:and patient abductions. 751: 4488:Palmetto Family Council 4149:Vaccine Safety Datalink 3794:Thiomersal and vaccines 3670:Social hygiene movement 3597:Doctor of Public Health 3429:Social cognitive theory 3231:Infectious and epidemic 3013:Fecal–oral transmission 2487:Patient Safety Programs 1990:10.4414/saez.2001.08273 1703:Retrieved July 24, 2006 1683:Retrieved July 24, 2006 604:Under the Secretary of 462:National Health Service 4279:Brighton Collaboration 4098:Vaccine Damage Payment 3784:MMR vaccine and autism 3665:Germ theory of disease 3444:Transtheoretical model 2087:The Health Foundation 1906:Safer Healthcare Now! 1890: 1787:Drug Safety Initiative 1415:Drug recall and alerts 737:100,000 lives campaign 716: 642:(DoD)-Health Affairs. 344:consumer organizations 215:. Common functions of 4726:Vaccine adverse event 4680:Immunization registry 4629:Vaccine Choice Canada 4391:Robert F. Kennedy Jr. 4289:Immunization Alliance 4233:Dengvaxia controversy 3549:Public Health Service 3434:Social norms approach 3424:PRECEDE–PROCEED model 2870:Preventive healthcare 2763:Pharmaceutical policy 2612:Chief Medical Officer 1558:. Accessed 2008-04-08 1537:as amended (see also 1531:Scottish Parliament. 946:Founded in 1951, the 914:Boston, Massachusetts 821:The Health Foundation 775:Based in Berlin, the 733:Safer Healthcare Now! 668:Institute of Medicine 640:Department of Defense 597:liability, and allow 510:The National Archives 241:Institute of Medicine 153:neutral point of view 83:neutral point of view 4134:Vaccine vial monitor 4118:Operation Warp Speed 3625:Sara Josephine Baker 3524:Public Health Agency 3409:Health communication 3274:Disease surveillance 3240:Asymptomatic carrier 3222:Statistical software 2910:Preventive nutrition 2738:Medical anthropology 2627:Environmental health 2332:The Leapfrog Group: 1209:Pharmacy informatics 942:The Joint Commission 840:Lancaster University 362:adverse drug effects 4537:Humanitarian League 3799:Vaccines and autism 3635:Carl Rogers Darnall 3630:Samuel Jay Crumbine 3404:Health belief model 3257:Notifiable diseases 3193:Regression analysis 3028:Waterborne diseases 2617:Cultural competence 2530:The Washington Post 2264:The Washington Post 1571:Accessed 2008-06-08 1194:Iatrogenic disorder 1090:of this section is 976:root cause analysis 960:hospital infections 726:Root Cause Analysis 552:President Clinton's 529:Scottish Government 479:clinical guidelines 261:root cause analysis 145:promotional content 4675:Yellow Card Scheme 4411:Ethan Lindenberger 4381:Taylor Winterstein 4365:Michael Pichichero 4350:H. Vasken Aposhian 4103:Vaccination policy 3813:Disease resurgence 3233:disease prevention 3168:Case–control study 2840:Security of person 2689:Health care reform 2511:2006-07-12 at the 2492:2006-07-10 at the 2339:2006-07-09 at the 2307:Joint Commission { 2294:Joint Commission 2113:2018-03-18 at the 2094:2006-07-03 at the 1962:2011-05-31 at the 1913:2009-01-26 at the 1699:2006-08-13 at the 1666:2016-11-04 at the 1621:2006-09-26 at the 1602:2006-07-15 at the 1543:legislation.gov.uk 1439:2006-07-17 at the 1420:2009-05-13 at the 1179:Health informatics 1149:Safe Care Campaign 1143:Safe Care Campaign 994:The Leapfrog Group 505:legislation.gov.uk 147:and inappropriate 4764: 4763: 4642: 4641: 4608: 4607: 4584: 4583: 4550: 4549: 4511: 4510: 4163:Anti-vaxxer media 4064: 4063: 4040: 4039: 4036: 4035: 3988:Pacific Northwest 3849: 3848: 3804:Vaccines and SIDS 3766:Vaccine hesitancy 3726: 3725: 3678: 3677: 3588:Higher education 3419:Positive deviance 3414:Health psychology 3390:Health behavioral 3317:safety management 3291:Social distancing 3065:Population health 3045:Smoking cessation 2993:Pharmacovigilance 2964:Injury prevention 2932:Infection control 2850:Social psychology 2800:Prisoners' rights 2743:Medical sociology 2711:Public health law 2607:Biological hazard 2320:Joint Commission 2296:"do not use" list 2282:Joint Commission 2242:. 2 October 2017. 2188:10.1111/imj.13563 2181:(10): 1103–1106. 1332:978-92-4-159790-6 1253:978-0-309-26174-6 1131: 1130: 1123: 984:medication errors 931:Hospital Pharmacy 633:bariatric surgery 391:clinical handover 319:A patient safety 199: 198: 191: 181: 180: 173: 115: 114: 107: 78:with its subject. 57: 4789: 4701:Vaccine shedding 4696:Vaccine efficacy 4610: 4609: 4586: 4585: 4552: 4551: 4532:Homeopathy Plus! 4513: 4512: 4424: 4423: 4401:Andrew Wakefield 4241:MMR autism fraud 4185:Hear the Silence 4178:The Greater Good 4042: 4041: 3885: 3878: 3871: 3862: 3861: 3851: 3850: 3817: 3816: 3753: 3746: 3739: 3730: 3729: 3714: 3713: 3702: 3701: 3690: 3689: 3584:Health education 3461: 3460: 3315:Food hygiene and 3296:Tropical disease 3108:Infant mortality 3083:Community health 2959:Controlled Drugs 2895:Health promotion 2825:Right to housing 2669:Health economics 2581: 2574: 2567: 2558: 2557: 2540: 2539: 2537: 2536: 2521: 2515: 2502: 2496: 2483: 2477: 2476: 2474: 2473: 2462: 2456: 2451: 2445: 2444: 2433: 2427: 2426: 2415: 2409: 2408: 2397: 2391: 2385: 2379: 2378: 2376: 2375: 2361: 2355: 2349: 2343: 2330: 2324: 2318: 2312: 2311:Sentinel Events} 2305: 2299: 2298:of abbreviations 2292: 2286: 2280: 2274: 2273: 2271: 2270: 2255: 2249: 2247: 2243: 2241: 2232: 2226: 2225: 2223: 2221: 2207: 2201: 2200: 2190: 2166: 2160: 2159: 2148: 2142: 2141: 2139: 2137: 2123: 2117: 2104: 2098: 2085: 2079: 2078: 2049: 2043: 2042: 2032: 2000: 1994: 1993: 1992: 1972: 1966: 1953: 1947: 1946: 1935: 1929: 1923: 1917: 1904: 1898: 1893: 1886: 1880: 1874: 1868: 1867: 1865: 1864: 1821: 1815: 1808: 1802: 1795: 1789: 1783: 1777: 1770: 1764: 1763: 1761: 1760: 1749: 1743: 1742: 1740: 1739: 1730:. 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3059: 3018:Open defecation 2900:Human nutrition 2890:Family planning 2878:Behavior change 2864: 2820:Right to health 2733:Maternal health 2723:Health politics 2674:Health literacy 2590: 2585: 2548: 2543: 2534: 2532: 2522: 2518: 2513:Wayback Machine 2503: 2499: 2494:Wayback Machine 2484: 2480: 2471: 2469: 2464: 2463: 2459: 2452: 2448: 2435: 2434: 2430: 2417: 2416: 2412: 2399: 2398: 2394: 2386: 2382: 2373: 2371: 2363: 2362: 2358: 2350: 2346: 2341:Wayback Machine 2331: 2327: 2319: 2315: 2306: 2302: 2293: 2289: 2281: 2277: 2268: 2266: 2256: 2252: 2245: 2239: 2235: 2233: 2229: 2219: 2217: 2209: 2208: 2204: 2167: 2163: 2150: 2149: 2145: 2135: 2133: 2125: 2124: 2120: 2115:Wayback Machine 2105: 2101: 2096:Wayback Machine 2086: 2082: 2050: 2046: 2001: 1997: 1983:(26): 1404–10, 1973: 1969: 1964:Wayback Machine 1954: 1950: 1937: 1936: 1932: 1924: 1920: 1915:Wayback Machine 1905: 1901: 1887: 1883: 1875: 1871: 1862: 1860: 1822: 1818: 1809: 1805: 1796: 1792: 1784: 1780: 1771: 1767: 1758: 1756: 1751: 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100: 94: 91: 80: 69: 65: 28: 24: 17: 12: 11: 5: 4795: 4785: 4784: 4782:Patient safety 4779: 4762: 4761: 4759: 4758: 4753: 4748: 4743: 4738: 4733: 4728: 4723: 4718: 4713: 4711:Marker vaccine 4708: 4703: 4698: 4692: 4690: 4686: 4685: 4683: 4682: 4677: 4672: 4667: 4662: 4656: 4654: 4644: 4643: 4640: 4639: 4637: 4636: 4631: 4626: 4620: 4617: 4616: 4606: 4605: 4603: 4602: 4596: 4593: 4592: 4582: 4581: 4579: 4578: 4573: 4568: 4562: 4559: 4558: 4548: 4547: 4545: 4544: 4539: 4534: 4529: 4523: 4520: 4519: 4517:United Kingdom 4509: 4508: 4506: 4505: 4500: 4495: 4490: 4485: 4480: 4475: 4470: 4465: 4460: 4455: 4450: 4445: 4440: 4438:Learn The Risk 4434: 4431: 4430: 4421: 4417: 4416: 4414: 4413: 4408: 4406:Jenny McCarthy 4403: 4398: 4396:Joseph Mercola 4393: 4388: 4383: 4377: 4375: 4371: 4370: 4368: 4367: 4362: 4357: 4352: 4347: 4342: 4337: 4332: 4327: 4322: 4317: 4312: 4306: 4304: 4300: 4299: 4297: 4296: 4291: 4286: 4281: 4276: 4271: 4270: 4269: 4264: 4253: 4251: 4247: 4246: 4244: 4243: 4235: 4230: 4224: 4222: 4218: 4217: 4215: 4214: 4207: 4200: 4195: 4188: 4181: 4174: 4166: 4164: 4160: 4159: 4157: 4156: 4151: 4146: 4141: 4136: 4130: 4128: 4124: 4123: 4121: 4120: 4115: 4110: 4105: 4100: 4095: 4090: 4085: 4080: 4072: 4070: 4066: 4065: 4062: 4061: 4059: 4058: 4052: 4049: 4048: 4038: 4037: 4034: 4033: 4027: 4024: 4023: 4021: 4020: 4008: 3995: 3985: 3975: 3964: 3962: 3958: 3957: 3955: 3954: 3944: 3933: 3931: 3927: 3926: 3924: 3923: 3913: 3902: 3900: 3896: 3895: 3888: 3887: 3880: 3873: 3865: 3858: 3857: 3847: 3846: 3844: 3843: 3838: 3833: 3827: 3824: 3823: 3814: 3810: 3809: 3807: 3806: 3801: 3796: 3791: 3786: 3781: 3776: 3770: 3768: 3762: 3761: 3759:Vaccine safety 3756: 3755: 3748: 3741: 3733: 3724: 3723: 3721: 3720: 3708: 3696: 3683: 3680: 3679: 3676: 3675: 3673: 3672: 3667: 3662: 3657: 3652: 3647: 3642: 3637: 3632: 3627: 3621: 3619: 3615: 3614: 3612: 3611: 3610: 3609: 3604: 3599: 3594: 3586: 3580: 3578: 3574: 3573: 3571: 3570: 3563: 3558: 3553: 3552: 3551: 3546: 3541: 3536: 3528: 3527: 3526: 3521: 3513: 3512: 3511: 3503: 3502: 3501: 3496: 3488: 3487: 3486: 3478: 3477: 3476: 3467: 3465: 3458: 3453:Organizations, 3450: 3449: 3447: 3446: 3441: 3436: 3431: 3426: 3421: 3416: 3411: 3406: 3401: 3395: 3393: 3387: 3386: 3384: 3383: 3382: 3381: 3376: 3366: 3361: 3360: 3359: 3354: 3349: 3344: 3339: 3334: 3329: 3320: 3318: 3312: 3311: 3309: 3308: 3303: 3298: 3293: 3288: 3283: 3278: 3277: 3276: 3266: 3265: 3264: 3254: 3253: 3252: 3242: 3236: 3234: 3228: 3227: 3225: 3224: 3219: 3218: 3217: 3209: 3200: 3195: 3190: 3180: 3175: 3170: 3164: 3162: 3159:Biological and 3156: 3155: 3153: 3152: 3147: 3146: 3145: 3140: 3135: 3125: 3120: 3118:Multimorbidity 3115: 3110: 3105: 3100: 3095: 3090: 3085: 3080: 3075: 3069: 3067: 3061: 3060: 3058: 3057: 3055:Vector control 3052: 3047: 3042: 3040:School hygiene 3037: 3036: 3035: 3030: 3025: 3023:Sanitary sewer 3020: 3015: 3010: 3000: 2995: 2990: 2989: 2988: 2981:Patient safety 2978: 2977: 2976: 2971: 2966: 2961: 2956: 2951: 2941: 2940: 2939: 2934: 2929: 2924: 2914: 2913: 2912: 2907: 2897: 2892: 2887: 2886: 2885: 2874: 2872: 2866: 2865: 2863: 2862: 2857: 2852: 2847: 2842: 2837: 2832: 2827: 2822: 2817: 2812: 2807: 2802: 2797: 2796: 2795: 2790: 2785: 2780: 2775: 2765: 2760: 2755: 2745: 2740: 2735: 2730: 2725: 2720: 2719: 2718: 2713: 2703: 2698: 2693: 2692: 2691: 2686: 2676: 2671: 2666: 2664:Harm reduction 2661: 2656: 2651: 2646: 2645: 2644: 2639: 2629: 2624: 2619: 2614: 2609: 2604: 2598: 2596: 2592: 2591: 2584: 2583: 2576: 2569: 2561: 2555: 2554: 2547: 2546:External links 2544: 2542: 2541: 2516: 2497: 2478: 2457: 2446: 2428: 2410: 2392: 2380: 2356: 2344: 2325: 2313: 2300: 2287: 2275: 2250: 2246:(73.4 KB) 2227: 2202: 2161: 2143: 2131:ECRI Institute 2118: 2099: 2080: 2044: 1995: 1967: 1948: 1930: 1918: 1899: 1881: 1869: 1836:(6): 260–261. 1816: 1803: 1790: 1778: 1765: 1744: 1718: 1705: 1685: 1672: 1652: 1639: 1626: 1607: 1588: 1573: 1560: 1547: 1524: 1492: 1480: 1468: 1456: 1444: 1425: 1406: 1403:on 2005-01-21. 1388: 1384:(1.14 MB) 1380:on 2006-05-14. 1358: 1345: 1331: 1309: 1291: 1287:Patient Safety 1278: 1252: 1223: 1221: 1218: 1217: 1216: 1211: 1206: 1201: 1196: 1191: 1186: 1181: 1176: 1169: 1166: 1157: 1154: 1144: 1141: 1129: 1128: 1084: 1082: 1075: 1069: 1066: 1056: 1053: 1024: 1021: 1008: 1005: 995: 992: 943: 940: 925: 922: 918:Donald Berwick 906: 903: 894: 891: 869: 866: 855: 852: 831: 828: 822: 819: 817: 816:United Kingdom 814: 800: 797: 793:High 5 Project 785:patient safety 772: 769: 767: 764: 758: 755: 753: 750: 744: 741: 711: 708: 706: 703: 697: 694: 692: 689: 687: 684: 655: 652: 590:evidence-based 577: 574: 573: 572: 569: 566: 563: 560: 548: 545: 539: 536: 490: 487: 469: 466: 449: 446: 444: 443:United Kingdom 441: 437: 436: 433: 430: 423: 422: 419: 407: 404: 381: 378: 356: 353: 351: 348: 338: 335: 334: 333: 330: 327: 324: 317: 314: 294: 291: 289: 286: 284: 281: 280: 279: 276: 273: 270: 267: 264: 257: 249: 246: 233:adverse events 227:In the 1990s, 217:patient safety 213:medical errors 197: 196: 179: 178: 161:September 2018 149:external links 129: 127: 120: 113: 112: 72: 70: 63: 58: 32: 31: 29: 22: 15: 9: 6: 4: 3: 2: 4794: 4783: 4780: 4778: 4775: 4774: 4772: 4757: 4754: 4752: 4749: 4747: 4746:CEASE therapy 4744: 4742: 4739: 4737: 4734: 4732: 4729: 4727: 4724: 4722: 4719: 4717: 4714: 4712: 4709: 4707: 4704: 4702: 4699: 4697: 4694: 4693: 4691: 4687: 4681: 4678: 4676: 4673: 4671: 4668: 4666: 4663: 4661: 4658: 4657: 4655: 4653: 4649: 4645: 4635: 4632: 4630: 4627: 4625: 4622: 4621: 4618: 4611: 4601: 4598: 4597: 4594: 4587: 4577: 4574: 4572: 4569: 4567: 4564: 4563: 4560: 4553: 4543: 4540: 4538: 4535: 4533: 4530: 4528: 4525: 4524: 4521: 4514: 4504: 4501: 4499: 4496: 4494: 4491: 4489: 4486: 4484: 4481: 4479: 4476: 4474: 4471: 4469: 4466: 4464: 4461: 4459: 4456: 4454: 4451: 4449: 4446: 4444: 4441: 4439: 4436: 4435: 4432: 4425: 4422: 4418: 4412: 4409: 4407: 4404: 4402: 4399: 4397: 4394: 4392: 4389: 4387: 4384: 4382: 4379: 4378: 4376: 4372: 4366: 4363: 4361: 4358: 4356: 4353: 4351: 4348: 4346: 4343: 4341: 4338: 4336: 4335:Jeffrey Brent 4333: 4331: 4328: 4326: 4323: 4321: 4320:Riko Muranaka 4318: 4316: 4313: 4311: 4308: 4307: 4305: 4301: 4295: 4292: 4290: 4287: 4285: 4282: 4280: 4277: 4275: 4272: 4268: 4265: 4263: 4260: 4259: 4258: 4255: 4254: 4252: 4250:Organizations 4248: 4242: 4240: 4236: 4234: 4231: 4229: 4226: 4225: 4223: 4221:Controversies 4219: 4213: 4212: 4208: 4206: 4205: 4201: 4199: 4196: 4194: 4193: 4189: 4187: 4186: 4182: 4180: 4179: 4175: 4172: 4168: 4167: 4165: 4161: 4155: 4152: 4150: 4147: 4145: 4144:Vaccine trial 4142: 4140: 4137: 4135: 4132: 4131: 4129: 4125: 4119: 4116: 4114: 4111: 4109: 4106: 4104: 4101: 4099: 4096: 4094: 4091: 4089: 4086: 4084: 4081: 4079: 4078: 4074: 4073: 4071: 4067: 4057: 4054: 4053: 4050: 4043: 4031: 4025: 4018: 4014: 4013: 4009: 4007: 4004:, 15 deaths) 4003: 3999: 3996: 3993: 3989: 3986: 3983: 3979: 3976: 3973: 3969: 3966: 3965: 3963: 3959: 3952: 3948: 3945: 3942: 3938: 3935: 3934: 3932: 3928: 3922:, 415 deaths) 3921: 3917: 3914: 3911: 3907: 3904: 3903: 3901: 3897: 3893: 3886: 3881: 3879: 3874: 3872: 3867: 3866: 3863: 3859: 3852: 3842: 3839: 3837: 3834: 3832: 3829: 3828: 3825: 3818: 3815: 3811: 3805: 3802: 3800: 3797: 3795: 3792: 3790: 3787: 3785: 3782: 3780: 3777: 3775: 3772: 3771: 3769: 3767: 3763: 3754: 3749: 3747: 3742: 3740: 3735: 3734: 3731: 3719: 3718: 3709: 3707: 3706: 3697: 3695: 3694: 3685: 3684: 3681: 3671: 3668: 3666: 3663: 3661: 3658: 3656: 3653: 3651: 3648: 3646: 3643: 3641: 3640:Joseph Lister 3638: 3636: 3633: 3631: 3628: 3626: 3623: 3622: 3620: 3616: 3608: 3605: 3603: 3600: 3598: 3595: 3593: 3590: 3589: 3587: 3585: 3582: 3581: 3579: 3575: 3568: 3564: 3562: 3559: 3557: 3554: 3550: 3547: 3545: 3542: 3540: 3537: 3535: 3532: 3531: 3529: 3525: 3522: 3520: 3519:Health Canada 3517: 3516: 3514: 3510: 3507: 3506: 3504: 3500: 3497: 3495: 3492: 3491: 3489: 3485: 3482: 3481: 3479: 3475: 3472: 3471: 3469: 3468: 3466: 3464:Organizations 3462: 3459: 3451: 3445: 3442: 3440: 3437: 3435: 3432: 3430: 3427: 3425: 3422: 3420: 3417: 3415: 3412: 3410: 3407: 3405: 3402: 3400: 3397: 3396: 3394: 3388: 3380: 3377: 3375: 3372: 3371: 3370: 3367: 3365: 3362: 3358: 3355: 3353: 3350: 3348: 3345: 3343: 3340: 3338: 3335: 3333: 3330: 3328: 3325: 3324: 3322: 3321: 3319: 3313: 3307: 3304: 3302: 3301:Vaccine trial 3299: 3297: 3294: 3292: 3289: 3287: 3284: 3282: 3279: 3275: 3272: 3271: 3270: 3267: 3263: 3260: 3259: 3258: 3255: 3251: 3248: 3247: 3246: 3243: 3241: 3238: 3237: 3235: 3229: 3223: 3220: 3216: 3214: 3210: 3208: 3206: 3201: 3199: 3196: 3194: 3191: 3189: 3186: 3185: 3184: 3181: 3179: 3178:Relative risk 3176: 3174: 3171: 3169: 3166: 3165: 3163: 3157: 3151: 3148: 3144: 3141: 3139: 3138:Health equity 3136: 3134: 3131: 3130: 3129: 3126: 3124: 3121: 3119: 3116: 3114: 3111: 3109: 3106: 3104: 3103:Health system 3101: 3099: 3096: 3094: 3093:Global health 3091: 3089: 3086: 3084: 3081: 3079: 3076: 3074: 3073:Biostatistics 3071: 3070: 3068: 3066: 3062: 3056: 3053: 3051: 3048: 3046: 3043: 3041: 3038: 3034: 3031: 3029: 3026: 3024: 3021: 3019: 3016: 3014: 3011: 3009: 3006: 3005: 3004: 3001: 2999: 2996: 2994: 2991: 2987: 2984: 2983: 2982: 2979: 2975: 2972: 2970: 2967: 2965: 2962: 2960: 2957: 2955: 2952: 2950: 2947: 2946: 2945: 2942: 2938: 2935: 2933: 2930: 2928: 2925: 2923: 2920: 2919: 2918: 2915: 2911: 2908: 2906: 2903: 2902: 2901: 2898: 2896: 2893: 2891: 2888: 2884: 2881: 2880: 2879: 2876: 2875: 2873: 2871: 2867: 2861: 2858: 2856: 2853: 2851: 2848: 2846: 2843: 2841: 2838: 2836: 2833: 2831: 2828: 2826: 2823: 2821: 2818: 2816: 2815:Right to food 2813: 2811: 2808: 2806: 2803: 2801: 2798: 2794: 2791: 2789: 2786: 2784: 2781: 2779: 2776: 2774: 2771: 2770: 2769: 2766: 2764: 2761: 2759: 2756: 2753: 2749: 2748:Mental health 2746: 2744: 2741: 2739: 2736: 2734: 2731: 2729: 2726: 2724: 2721: 2717: 2714: 2712: 2709: 2708: 2707: 2704: 2702: 2699: 2697: 2696:Housing First 2694: 2690: 2687: 2685: 2684:Health system 2682: 2681: 2680: 2679:Health policy 2677: 2675: 2672: 2670: 2667: 2665: 2662: 2660: 2657: 2655: 2652: 2650: 2647: 2643: 2640: 2638: 2635: 2634: 2633: 2630: 2628: 2625: 2623: 2620: 2618: 2615: 2613: 2610: 2608: 2605: 2603: 2600: 2599: 2597: 2593: 2589: 2588:Public health 2582: 2577: 2575: 2570: 2568: 2563: 2562: 2559: 2553: 2550: 2549: 2531: 2527: 2520: 2514: 2510: 2507: 2501: 2495: 2491: 2488: 2482: 2467: 2461: 2455: 2450: 2442: 2438: 2432: 2424: 2420: 2414: 2406: 2402: 2396: 2390: 2384: 2370: 2366: 2360: 2354: 2348: 2342: 2338: 2335: 2329: 2323: 2317: 2310: 2304: 2297: 2291: 2285: 2279: 2265: 2261: 2254: 2238: 2231: 2216: 2212: 2206: 2198: 2194: 2189: 2184: 2180: 2176: 2172: 2165: 2157: 2153: 2147: 2132: 2128: 2122: 2116: 2112: 2109: 2103: 2097: 2093: 2090: 2084: 2076: 2072: 2068: 2064: 2061:(7): 563–71. 2060: 2057:(in German). 2056: 2048: 2040: 2036: 2031: 2026: 2022: 2018: 2014: 2010: 2006: 1999: 1991: 1986: 1982: 1979:(in German), 1978: 1971: 1965: 1961: 1958: 1952: 1944: 1940: 1934: 1928: 1922: 1916: 1912: 1909: 1903: 1896: 1892: 1885: 1879: 1878:E-newsletters 1873: 1859: 1855: 1851: 1847: 1843: 1839: 1835: 1831: 1827: 1820: 1813: 1807: 1800: 1794: 1788: 1782: 1775: 1769: 1754: 1748: 1734:on 2013-08-13 1733: 1729: 1722: 1715: 1709: 1702: 1698: 1695: 1689: 1682: 1676: 1669: 1665: 1662: 1656: 1649: 1643: 1636: 1630: 1624: 1620: 1617: 1611: 1605: 1601: 1598: 1592: 1585: 1584: 1577: 1570: 1564: 1557: 1551: 1544: 1540: 1536: 1535: 1528: 1521: 1510: 1503: 1496: 1490: 1484: 1478: 1472: 1466: 1460: 1454: 1448: 1442: 1438: 1435: 1429: 1423: 1419: 1416: 1410: 1402: 1398: 1392: 1376: 1369: 1362: 1355: 1349: 1334: 1328: 1321: 1320: 1313: 1305: 1301: 1295: 1288: 1282: 1267: 1263: 1259: 1255: 1249: 1245: 1244:10.17226/9728 1241: 1237: 1236: 1228: 1224: 1215: 1214:Public health 1212: 1210: 1207: 1205: 1204:Medical error 1202: 1200: 1197: 1195: 1192: 1190: 1187: 1185: 1182: 1180: 1177: 1175: 1174:Adverse event 1172: 1171: 1165: 1163: 1153: 1150: 1140: 1137: 1125: 1122: 1114: 1111:December 2021 1104: 1100: 1094: 1093: 1089: 1083: 1074: 1073: 1065: 1062: 1052: 1050: 1044: 1042: 1038: 1034: 1030: 1020: 1016: 1014: 1004: 1002: 991: 987: 985: 981: 977: 972: 967: 965: 961: 955: 953: 949: 939: 937: 932: 921: 919: 915: 911: 902: 900: 890: 888: 884: 880: 876: 865: 861: 860: 854:United States 851: 849: 845: 841: 837: 827: 813: 811: 806: 796: 794: 790: 786: 782: 778: 763: 749: 740: 738: 734: 729: 727: 723: 722:Health Canada 718: 702: 683: 681: 677: 672: 669: 664: 662: 651: 648: 643: 641: 636: 634: 630: 625: 623: 619: 615: 611: 607: 602: 600: 596: 591: 587: 583: 570: 567: 564: 561: 558: 557: 556: 553: 544: 538:United States 535: 532: 530: 526: 521: 511: 507: 506: 501: 496: 486: 484: 480: 475: 465: 463: 459: 456:(NPSA) is an 455: 440: 434: 431: 428: 427: 426: 420: 417: 416: 415: 413: 403: 399: 395: 392: 386: 377: 373: 369: 367: 363: 347: 345: 331: 328: 325: 322: 318: 315: 312: 308: 307: 306: 302: 300: 277: 274: 271: 268: 265: 262: 258: 255: 254: 253: 245: 242: 238: 237:complications 234: 230: 225: 223: 218: 214: 210: 206: 201: 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