8291:
8196:
545:
389:
366:
8267:
8003:
8243:
8396:
8220:
4385:
4373:
4361:
4349:
1516:
5480:
47:
8481:
8150:
8109:
8517:
8308:
8162:
7979:
8027:
8469:
8445:
8433:
8421:
8384:
8343:
8138:
8121:
8085:
8015:
7991:
7967:
7955:
8255:
8208:
8457:
8073:
2003:
1991:
513:
2247:
8372:
8061:
1695:
8505:
8493:
8355:
8044:
8279:
8097:
8320:
8174:
4293:
4109:
4075:
4041:
4004:
3800:
3762:
3731:
3698:
3665:
3459:
3419:
3382:
3345:
3308:
3100:
3060:
3023:
2986:
2949:
3831:
1651:
Tensions soon arose within the coalition and the party. In
October 1998 the PRC was divided between those who wanted to stop supporting Prodi's government, led by Bertinotti; and those who wanted to continue the alliance, led by Cossutta, the party's president. The central committee endorsed
2187:. However, the alliance between Ferrero and the traditionalists did not last. The Ernesto joined the PdCI in 2011 while Being Communists divided in two groups, both eventually quitting the party. One group joined SEL in 2014 and was later merged into the
1820:
under
Bertinotti's leadership. SA obtained a mere 3.1% (compared to 10.2% won by the constituent parties individually two years before) and no seats. Consequently, Bertinotti quit politics and Giordano resigned and after that some
1706:
Despite competition from the PdCI, the PRC confirmed its status as Italy's largest communist party. Having been left by most traditional communists, it also started to enlarge its scope aiming at becoming a collector of radical
1969:
In
February 2022 the party formed a joint sub-group with PaP in the Chamber of Deputies' Mixed Group. In June 2022 the same happened in the Senate, and senator Nugnes returned to the party. In the run-up of the
7592:
2099:. In April, Turigliatto was expelled from the party and Critical Left was suspended from it, leading to its final split and establishment as a party in December. Turigliatto's ejection was supported also by
1577:(DP), a far-left outfit, dissolved itself so that its members could join the PCI dissidents and form a united front composed of all Italian communists. In December, the PRC was officially founded and
7352:
7470:
2214:
The electoral results of the PRC in general (Chamber of
Deputies) elections and European Parliament elections since 1994 are shown in the chart below. The 2008 result refers to that of
7815:
1852:
and stating that it was the end of the party as he knew it. The internal left-wing (which wanted to return to PRC's original communist project) finally prevailed over the bulk of
8742:
7825:
1573:
launched the
Movement for Communist Refoundation. Hardliners in PCI were not happy about the changes made inside the party after the fall of the Iron Curtain. Later that year,
2058:
8364:
8681:
1776:
Minister of Social
Solidarity and seven undersecretaries. The decision to participate in the coalition government and vote to refinance the Italian military presence in
5531:
281:
8604:
7237:
6075:
5313:
5265:
3954:
3922:
2168:
called "Disarm, Renew, Refound" (1.5%) joined forces with the
Ferrero-Grassi group. Vendola, defeated by Ferrero, announced the creation of a new minority faction,
8376:
2112:
1251:
7805:
5691:
5434:
54:
4908:
5415:
4938:
4508:
4496:
2141:
1828:
2088:
8089:
7117:
6950:
5301:
1761:
5240:
7906:
6988:
1784:
attracted criticism from sectors of the
European far-left and provoked the splits of several groups from the ranks of his own party, notably including the
17:
5252:
7226:
6312:
6069:
4425:
8247:
6955:
5829:
5175:
4488:
2161:
4876:
8584:
7928:
7820:
7680:
5803:
4504:
4484:
4480:
4433:
2116:
4429:
2180:
2104:
7685:
6225:
6036:
5504:
5200:
1678:
Deprived of most of its parliamentary representation, the PRC fought for its existence and voters supported it rather than the PdCI, both in the
1246:
5075:
8737:
8125:
7602:
7501:
6945:
6234:
6024:
5687:
4492:
2046:
1944:
6940:
4611:. p. 704. Edited by Barry Turner. Published by Macmillan Publishers in 2007. Published in Houndmills, Basingstoke, Hampshire, United Kingdom.
4519:
120:
7264:
5133:
5105:
7389:
7347:
4730:
4703:
4676:
4649:
4622:
4602:
4577:
3638:
1544:
817:
8686:
7971:
7092:
4860:
264:
5009:
1734:
politician and one of the emerging leaders of the party, won a primary election and was elected president of traditionally conservative
7665:
7357:
5541:
5408:
3811:
3775:
3742:
3706:
3678:
3645:
3612:
1959:
1910:
1876:
1679:
822:
496:
269:
7577:
343:
4995:
1943:(PaP) electoral list, which obtained 1.1% of the vote and no seats. In 2020–2021 the party was briefly represented in the Senate by
7899:
7675:
7488:
7438:
7133:
6981:
1856:(who insisted on the creation of a broader left-wing party) and Ferrero was elected secretary by the central committee with 50.5%.
5049:
7857:
7660:
7655:
6565:
6441:
6305:
1593:
1183:
5289:
8271:
8142:
7566:
7558:
7508:
7301:
7269:
7192:
3768:
3671:
1308:
8732:
8717:
7783:
7748:
7379:
7330:
7218:
7027:
6700:
5796:
5401:
4018:
8676:
8053:
7852:
7068:
5119:
8388:
2202:, respectively. The coalition of factions led by Ferrero prevailed with the vote of 71.5% of party members. Consequently,
1859:
In
January 2009, the faction around Vendola and Giordano, silently supported by Bertinotti, left the PRC and launched the
8727:
8722:
8259:
7892:
7274:
7185:
6974:
5639:
2073:
1785:
1213:
5269:
4767:
8485:
7800:
7773:
7763:
6735:
6321:
6298:
6229:
6184:
4892:
1271:
1188:
889:
441:
404:
8437:
8031:
7778:
7384:
7325:
7309:
7242:
7172:
7063:
7022:
5739:
4740:
4713:
4686:
4659:
4632:
4587:
4214:
1884:
1880:
1652:
Bertinotti's line, but
Cossutta and his followers decided to ignore this line and to support Prodi. The votes of the
834:
484:
5216:
4935:
1659:
The dissidents, who controlled the majority of deputies and senators, split and formed a rival communist party, the
8449:
7733:
7702:
7639:
7362:
6632:
6559:
6524:
6419:
6379:
6272:
5789:
5611:
4272:
2230:. After that, the party formed joint lists with the Party of Italian Communists. The 2014 result refers to that of
1613:
1537:
1315:
1288:
1231:
1208:
854:
7753:
7670:
7536:
7291:
7138:
4954:
4243:
4153:
3984:
1979:
1325:
1241:
884:
2025:
in Italy. Other factions strongly opposed Bertinotti's innovations. These included the hard-line traditionalist
7810:
7493:
7433:
7423:
7247:
6850:
6476:
6002:
5671:
4476:
4330:
4182:
3892:
3225:
1178:
315:
5023:
1842:
At the July 2008 congress, the PRC was highly divided around ideological and regional lines with Vendola, the
7717:
7541:
7477:
6220:
6164:
5594:
5360:
5352:
4089:
4055:
3545:
3510:
3475:
3435:
3398:
3361:
3324:
3284:
3252:
3186:
3151:
3116:
3076:
3039:
3002:
2965:
2928:
2896:
2191:(MDP) in 2016; a second, larger group (including Grassi) participated in the foundation of SEL's successor,
2188:
2184:
2123:
2054:
1971:
1936:
1895:
1805:
1746:
1683:
1637:
1629:
1597:
1582:
5179:
4755:
7768:
7758:
7457:
6780:
6765:
6406:
6239:
5679:
4123:
2077:
1562:
1173:
1096:
161:
4565:
8551:
8473:
8312:
8188:
7995:
7835:
7830:
7626:
7587:
7462:
7401:
7128:
7011:
6660:
6373:
6329:
6256:
6159:
5939:
5763:
5627:
5619:
5368:
4449:
3929:
3849:
3516:
3157:
2869:
2219:
2100:
2062:
2022:
1940:
1929:
1789:
1712:
1660:
1530:
1303:
1298:
1203:
1141:
1131:
1112:
849:
839:
524:
301:
227:
1719:. The PRC also forged new alliances at the European level and was instrumental in the foundation of the
479:(PEL), of which Bertinotti was the inaugural president in 2004. The PRC has not been represented in the
8425:
8130:
8019:
7959:
7915:
7847:
7795:
7728:
7553:
7406:
7296:
7286:
7213:
7208:
7109:
7087:
7051:
7046:
6925:
6885:
6675:
6552:
6459:
5733:
5536:
3441:
3082:
2215:
1809:
1720:
1278:
769:
476:
256:
207:
125:
1726:
In October 2004, the PRC re-joined the centre-left coalition, once again led by Prodi. In April 2005,
8007:
7519:
7446:
7342:
7203:
6715:
6351:
6149:
5655:
5134:"Senato, le ex-grilline Paola Nugnes ed Elena Fattori aderiscono a sinistra italiana - la Repubblica"
5083:
4317:
3551:
3192:
2169:
1975:
1198:
954:
237:
6194:
2259:
1628:
The leadership of Bertinotti was a turning point for the party, which jumped to 8.6% of vote in the
934:
8400:
8183:
8154:
7738:
7697:
7650:
7615:
7104:
7035:
6644:
6626:
6602:
6530:
6490:
6391:
6343:
6247:
5721:
5589:
5526:
5364:
3290:
2227:
2149:
1813:
1601:
1161:
844:
365:
250:
192:
143:
1671:, the leader of the DS, who replaced Prodi and became the first post-communist to hold the job of
1640:
whose dominant partner was the PDS. After the election, the PRC decided to externally support the
8036:
7428:
7160:
6139:
5812:
5520:
5494:
2223:
2096:
1817:
1672:
1558:
1360:
1266:
1151:
1146:
689:
445:
111:
89:
5106:"Senato, respinto emendamento di Rifondazione Comunista contro le classi pollaio | il manifesto"
8589:
8048:
7597:
7320:
7259:
6915:
6795:
6775:
6620:
6496:
6357:
5745:
4372:
4360:
4348:
2156:, who organized themselves around a motion named "Manifesto for the Refoundation" (47.6%) with
1888:
1633:
212:
197:
4922:
4384:
8200:
8113:
7743:
7710:
6890:
6785:
6243:
5659:
5499:
2176:
2133:
1860:
1832:
1617:
1574:
1320:
1193:
869:
5326:"Maurizio Acerbo eletto nuovo segretario nazionale del Partito della Rifondazione Comunista"
5253:"Caro Montanari, hai fatto una frettolosa stroncatura della nostra conferenza programmatica"
4982:"Maurizio Acerbo eletto nuovo segretario nazionale del Partito della Rifondazione Comunista"
4811:
829:
8521:
7582:
7177:
6755:
6189:
4797:
2235:
1864:
1664:
1616:(MCU), which would eventually merge with the PDS, being one of the founding members of the
1458:
1385:
969:
864:
609:
464:
its longest-serving leader (1994–2008). The latter transformed the PRC from a traditional
8:
8671:
8509:
8497:
8300:
8212:
8178:
8166:
7607:
6920:
6875:
6725:
6614:
6588:
6512:
6369:
6278:
6153:
6047:
6030:
4515:
4500:
4457:
2148:'s resignation from secretary. Subsequently, in the July congress Ferrero's and Grassi's
1609:
1453:
1390:
939:
924:
906:
894:
664:
629:
488:
329:
4832:
8065:
7524:
6966:
6835:
6830:
6760:
6740:
6680:
6608:
6506:
6435:
6363:
6347:
5979:
5973:
4624:
The Power to Dismiss: Trade Unions and the Regulation of Job Security in Western Europe
4461:
3817:
2103:(leader of Being Communists) and this caused a break-up of the faction. A group led by
2084:
1948:
1668:
1495:
1478:
1433:
1091:
1086:
774:
684:
574:
480:
409:
388:
242:
178:
173:
4996:"Rifondazione comunista, finisce l'era Ferrero: il nuovo segretario è Maurizio Acerbo"
4909:"Per un nuovo inizio: costruiamo insieme la federazione della sinistra di alternativa"
2144:
allied with the other minority factions, notably including Being Communists, to force
1768:
as secretary. Additionally, for the first time it entered a government by joining the
544:
8634:
8541:
6910:
6805:
6690:
6596:
6500:
6484:
6453:
6337:
6018:
6012:
5955:
5887:
5875:
5863:
5727:
5635:
5450:
4736:
4709:
4682:
4655:
4628:
4583:
4523:
4406:
3617:
3467:
3427:
3390:
3353:
3316:
3108:
3068:
3031:
2994:
2957:
2042:
2018:
1757:
1750:
1699:
1589:
1483:
1236:
1064:
944:
749:
724:
669:
614:
604:
461:
399:
202:
182:
8650:
5162:"Senato.it - Senato della Repubblica senato.it - Variazioni dei Gruppi parlamentari"
2049:(14.6% together). Communist Project, which opposed the party's participation in the
8574:
8295:
7875:
7367:
6855:
6845:
6820:
6730:
6429:
6057:
5967:
5922:
5899:
5893:
5769:
5757:
5751:
5699:
5568:
5509:
4527:
4469:
4442:
4189:
4025:
3786:
3748:
3481:
3122:
2270:
2231:
2199:
2050:
2030:
2026:
2007:
1963:
1918:
1914:
1899:
1769:
1570:
1566:
1520:
1489:
1473:
1468:
1293:
1049:
1039:
996:
986:
901:
744:
734:
719:
709:
694:
654:
644:
639:
569:
492:
457:
426:
232:
222:
217:
69:
5325:
4981:
2255:
2111:(from the eponymous communist publication), but it would suffer the 2008 split of
1760:
coalition and the party obtained 5.8%. After the election, Bertinotti was elected
8599:
8594:
8290:
8224:
6998:
6720:
6577:
6465:
6447:
6169:
5991:
5985:
5928:
5851:
5468:
5456:
5444:
5356:
5314:"Rifondazione comunista, Maurizio Acerbo segretario è un investimento sul futuro"
4942:
4816:
4465:
4418:
4410:
4402:
3780:
3572:
3537:
3276:
3213:
3178:
2920:
2203:
2145:
1925:
1903:
1765:
1708:
1641:
1578:
1463:
1168:
1069:
1016:
879:
859:
807:
789:
739:
599:
589:
469:
465:
449:
59:
4651:
The Statesman's Yearbook 2008: The Politics, Cultures and Economies of the World
1891:, which would be disbanded by the end of 2012 and officially dissolved in 2015.
8395:
8266:
8219:
8002:
7983:
6905:
6865:
6710:
6665:
5869:
5857:
5839:
5393:
5241:"Fuori dall'angolo per una sinistra all’altezza delle sfide del tempo presente"
4013:
2069:
1735:
1448:
1438:
1395:
1380:
1342:
1283:
1076:
1059:
1054:
959:
764:
754:
714:
679:
619:
594:
584:
579:
559:
5050:"Debutta Potere al popolo: "Non siamo la terza lista di sinistra, ma l'unica""
1588:
Garavini resigned from his role as secretary in June 1993 and was replaced by
8711:
8614:
8609:
7884:
6810:
6655:
6290:
6199:
5961:
5647:
5584:
5564:
5514:
5462:
5220:
4775:
4414:
3711:
3502:
3143:
2157:
2137:
2128:
2038:
1863:(MpS), aimed at forming a broader left-wing party, which would eventually be
1823:
1793:
1773:
1731:
1727:
1336:
1256:
949:
812:
784:
779:
729:
704:
624:
564:
453:
6097:
5338:
1410:
8619:
8546:
8283:
7155:
6895:
6670:
6547:
6540:
6535:
6413:
6401:
6396:
6144:
2192:
2115:, which would splinter in 2011 into Communist Left and Communists Together/
2092:
1952:
1796:. Prodi, whose majority was weak and fragmented, resigned in January 2008.
1754:
1645:
1365:
1330:
1044:
1006:
699:
674:
659:
5781:
5563:
In the 2017 congress, two motions were presented: the majority one led by
5388:
5120:"Nugnes (Misto): "Il Governo ha il mio sostegno, Renzi è inqualificabile""
8655:
8629:
8624:
8579:
8556:
8461:
8195:
6518:
6425:
6385:
6204:
6063:
5949:
5916:
5881:
5667:
5479:
4453:
3917:
2108:
2017:
The majority of the party following the October 2004 congress was led by
1777:
1656:
were not enough and the government lost a confidence vote in Parliament.
1605:
1375:
1261:
1001:
991:
759:
649:
634:
46:
2206:, supported by Ferrero, was elected secretary by the central committee.
8480:
8347:
8149:
8108:
4209:
2066:
2034:
1443:
1136:
1106:
1101:
1011:
929:
874:
138:
2254:
Graphs are unavailable due to technical issues. There is more info on
2160:
as standard-bearer. Giannini's The Ernesto and Countercurrent (7.7%),
1405:
8359:
6571:
6121:
6113:
6105:
1848:
1604:
and obtained 6.1% of the vote. In June 1995, a splinter group led by
1415:
1400:
1370:
1021:
979:
532:
438:
166:
5375:, scored 5.1% and 4 regional deputies were elected, 3 SDI and 1 IdV.
2002:
1990:
512:
8516:
8307:
8161:
7978:
7150:
6770:
6179:
5147:
5024:"L'associazionismo si fa partito: nasce la lista "Potere al popolo"
4267:
4148:
3949:
3887:
1694:
1081:
964:
5302:"Rifondazione comunista, il congresso: "Vogliamo fare la sinistra"
4576:
Fabio Padovano; Roberto Ricciuti (2007). Springer New York (ed.).
1917:, which obtained 4.0% of the vote and three MEPs, including PRC's
1846:
s standard-bearer, accusing northern delegates of having absorbed
1742:, becoming the only regional president ever belonging to the PRC.
8468:
8444:
8432:
8420:
8383:
8371:
8342:
8242:
8137:
8120:
8084:
8060:
8026:
8014:
7990:
7966:
7954:
7862:
6174:
4050:
1781:
1500:
2198:
In the 2017 congress, two motions were presented by Ferrero and
2076:, while a tiny minority chose to stay in the party and launched
8504:
8492:
8456:
8354:
8254:
8207:
8077:
8072:
8043:
6750:
5148:"XVIII Legislatura - Deputati e Organi - Modifiche intervenute"
4238:
4177:
4084:
3979:
2091:, voted twice against the government's foreign policy, leading
2011:
1739:
974:
5010:"Acerbo eletto segretario nazionale di Rifondazione Comunista"
4575:
379:
8324:
8319:
8278:
8173:
8096:
7631:
7076:
5161:
4118:
1716:
1596:(CGIL) who had left the PDS only a few months before. In the
536:
8682:
List of communist parties represented in European Parliament
4967:
4547:
Formation of the "Committees for the Communist Refoundation"
2269:
The electoral results of the PRC in the ten most populated
1995:
100:
4732:
Managing Across Cultures: Concepts, Policies and Practices
4579:
Italian Institutional Reforms: A Public Choice Perspective
4701:
294:
6996:
4678:
Parties, Elections, and Policy Reforms in Western Europe
4674:
2021:(59.2%) and viewed the PRC as the representative of the
5532:
International Meeting of Communist and Workers' Parties
5290:"Forenza al Prc: «Unire le lotte, non i ceti politici»"
8743:
International Meeting of Communist and Workers Parties
1879:
the PRC ran with the PdCI and minor groups within the
1252:
Communist Party of Italy (Marxist–Leninist) Red Line
2164:'s HammerSickle (3.2%) and a minor group of former
1924:In April 2017 Ferrero was replaced as secretary by
4620:
2029:(26.2%) which was composed of former followers of
1966:electoral list, which obtained 1.8% and no seats.
1887:. In April 2009 the list was transformed into the
4609:The Politics, Cultures and Economies of the world
8709:
5423:
4705:Elections in Hard Times: Southern Europe 2010-11
2122:Following the severe defeat of the party in the
4955:"Atto di scioglimento di associazione politica"
4728:
2175:RpS finally left the party in 2009 to form the
1906:and minor groups, obtaining 2.2% and no seats.
1632:, fought by the party in a loose alliance with
7914:
6320:
4855:
4853:
1711:and, foremost, the main representative of the
7945:
7930:The Left in the European Parliament – GUE/NGL
7900:
6982:
6306:
5797:
5409:
4830:
1835:members), had forged an alliance with former
1799:
1538:
507:
6951:Early 20th-century Italian political parties
4923:"Al via la nuova Federazione della sinistra"
8687:List of left and far-left parties in Europe
6226:Communist Party of Italy (Marxist–Leninist)
5811:
5505:Communist Party of Italy (Marxist–Leninist)
5042:
4895:"Anticapitalisti, con la sinistra europea""
4850:
4627:. Palgrave Macmillan UK. pp. 217–218.
1247:Communist Party of Italy (Marxist–Leninist)
7907:
7893:
6989:
6975:
6313:
6299:
6235:Italian (Marxist–Leninist) Communist Party
5804:
5790:
5416:
5402:
5371:to pass the 5% threshold. The list, named
5082:(in Italian). 4 March 2018. Archived from
2183:, decided to stay in the PRC and launched
1623:
1545:
1531:
387:
45:
5266:""Sinistra italiana, un passo in avanti""
4765:
4647:
4879:Vendola consuma la scissione (il punto)"
2001:
1989:
1978:(UP), a left-wing electoral list led by
1693:
511:
448:(PCI) in 1991. The party's secretary is
6566:Associative Movement of Italians Abroad
6442:Associative Movement of Italians Abroad
4893:"Pdci e Prc, lista unitaria il 6 giugno
2179:(MpS), but some of its members, led by
1594:Italian General Confederation of Labour
1585:, the party obtained 5.6% of the vote.
1184:Italian General Confederation of Labour
14:
8710:
5542:European United Left–Nordic Green Left
4863:Vendola: "Io, sconfitto da comunista""
4861:"Ferrero: "Più col popolo, meno in tv"
3581:
2107:launched an alternative faction named
1870:
497:European United Left–Nordic Green Left
270:European United Left–Nordic Green Left
8738:Political parties established in 1991
7888:
6970:
6956:1950s–1990s Italian political parties
6946:19th-century Italian political groups
6294:
5785:
5397:
5016:
4708:. Taylor & Francis. p. 143.
4681:. Taylor & Francis. p. 131.
4312:
4310:
4308:
2861:
2132:composed mainly of former members of
1974:the PRC was a founding member of the
1689:
8677:Elections to the European Parliament
6941:Historical Italian political parties
4702:Anna Bosco; Susannah Verney (2016).
3859:
2240:
1883:, obtaining 3.4% of the vote and no
1808:, the PRC formed a joint list named
1762:President of the Chamber of Deputies
431:Partito della Rifondazione Comunista
38:Partito della Rifondazione Comunista
18:Partito della Rifondazione Comunista
4675:Kerstin Hamann; John Kelly (2017).
2856:
2189:Democratic and Progressive Movement
24:
6736:Trentino Tyrolean Autonomist Party
6185:Italian Communist Youth Federation
5203:nasce Rifondazione della sinistra"
4735:. SAGE Publications. p. 371.
4305:
2209:
1663:(PdCI), which would soon join the
1600:, the PRC was part of the PDS-led
25:
8754:
6049:Leader in the European Parliament
5941:Leader in the Chamber of Deputies
5740:Anticapitalist and Communist List
5382:
5351:PRC formed a joint-list with the
5339:"Archivio storico delle elezioni"
2152:motion (40.1%) faced the bulk of
1960:2019 European Parliament election
1911:2014 European Parliament election
1902:along with the PdCI, the Greens,
1881:Anticapitalist and Communist List
1877:2009 European Parliament election
1680:1999 European Parliament election
444:that emerged from a split of the
8515:
8503:
8491:
8479:
8467:
8455:
8443:
8431:
8419:
8394:
8382:
8370:
8353:
8341:
8318:
8306:
8289:
8277:
8265:
8253:
8241:
8218:
8206:
8194:
8172:
8160:
8148:
8136:
8119:
8107:
8095:
8083:
8071:
8059:
8042:
8025:
8013:
8001:
7989:
7977:
7965:
7953:
5612:Movement of Unitarian Communists
5478:
4831:Megan Trudell (4 January 2007).
4383:
4371:
4359:
4347:
4292:
4291:
4108:
4107:
4074:
4073:
4040:
4039:
4003:
4002:
3990:into Solidarity Environment Work
3829:
3799:
3798:
3761:
3760:
3730:
3729:
3697:
3696:
3664:
3663:
3458:
3457:
3418:
3417:
3381:
3380:
3344:
3343:
3307:
3306:
3099:
3098:
3059:
3058:
3022:
3021:
2985:
2984:
2948:
2947:
2245:
1614:Movement of Unitarian Communists
1514:
1289:Movement of Unitarian Communists
1232:Armed Proletarians for Communism
1209:Unified Communist Party of Italy
855:Portella della Ginestra massacre
543:
364:
5345:
5331:
5319:
5307:
5295:
5283:
5258:
5246:
5234:
5209:
5193:
5176:"Manifesto per la rifondazione"
5168:
5154:
5140:
5126:
5112:
5098:
5068:
5002:
4988:
4974:
4960:
4948:
4929:
4915:
4901:
4885:
4869:
4824:
4804:
4790:
4772:Parties and Elections in Europe
4759:
4749:
4722:
4323:
3842:
1561:(PCI) was transformed into the
1242:Communist Party of Italy (2014)
885:Assassination of Sergio Ramelli
460:was the party's founder, while
6230:Italian Marxist–Leninist Party
5201:"Prc, Vendola conferma l'addio
5056:(in Italian). 16 December 2017
5030:(in Italian). 15 December 2017
4877:"PRC: serve una nuova sinistra
4695:
4668:
4641:
4614:
4596:
4569:
4559:
4550:
4541:
3830:
2273:are shown in the table below.
2218:, a joint list comprising the
1753:, which won narrowly over the
1581:was elected secretary. In the
1569:, left-wing dissidents led by
1565:(PDS) under the leadership of
1189:Italian Marxist–Leninist Party
1179:Italian Communist Party (2016)
499:(GUE/NGL) group in 2014–2019.
13:
1:
6633:South Tyrolean People's Party
6560:South Tyrolean People's Party
6420:South Tyrolean People's Party
6221:International Communist Party
6165:National Liberation Committee
5595:To the Left with Refoundation
5361:Union of Democrats for Europe
5353:Italian Democratic Socialists
5217:"A Sinistra con Rifondazione"
4936:"Le primarie spaccano la FDS"
4604:The Statesman's Yearbook 2008
4395:
2185:To the Left with Refoundation
2053:, unfolded shortly after the
468:into a collection of radical
200:(1996–1998; external support)
8733:1991 establishments in Italy
8718:Communist Refoundation Party
6766:For South Tyrol with Widmann
6253:Communist Refoundation Party
6240:Democratic Party of the Left
5567:and the minority one led by
5426:Communist Refoundation Party
4833:"Rifondazione votes for war"
4812:"A new left turn for Europe"
1563:Democratic Party of the Left
1157:Communist Refoundation Party
1097:Proletarian internationalism
516:PRC's first congress in 1991
423:Communist Refoundation Party
35:Communist Refoundation Party
7:
7926:European Parliament group:
6257:Party of Italian Communists
6160:Italian resistance movement
5628:Communist Alternative Party
5620:Party of Italian Communists
5369:Party of Italian Communists
4798:"The Emerging New Euroleft"
4766:Nordsieck, Wolfram (2008).
4654:. OUP Oxford. p. 704.
4621:Patrick Emmenegger (2014).
2220:Party of Italian Communists
2095:to temporarily resign from
2063:Communist Alternative Party
2023:anti-globalization movement
1985:
1790:Communist Alternative Party
1713:anti-globalization movement
1702:at a party congress in 1999
1661:Party of Italian Communists
1557:In February 1991, when the
1304:Party of Italian Communists
1299:Party of the Christian Left
1142:Communist Alternative Party
850:Third De Gasperi government
475:The PRC is a member of the
10:
8759:
8728:Communist parties in Italy
8723:Far-left politics in Italy
7917:Party of the European Left
6886:Christian Democracy Sicily
6322:Political parties in Italy
5537:Party of the European Left
4556:Creation of the Party List
4340:
2083:In February 2007, senator
1800:Crisis, splits and decline
1721:Party of the European Left
1592:, a trade unionist of the
1204:Trotskyist League of Italy
508:Foundation and early years
502:
477:Party of the European Left
257:Party of the European Left
8695:
8664:
8643:
8565:
8534:
8409:
8333:
8233:
7938:
7924:
7873:
7471:Luhansk People's Republic
7227:Donetsk People's Republic
7006:
6936:
6642:
6587:
6475:
6328:
6265:
6213:
6150:XII International Brigade
6132:
6089:
6046:
6001:
5938:
5909:
5828:
5821:
5714:
5656:Refoundation for the Left
5603:
5577:
5557:
5550:
5487:
5476:
5433:
4329:In a joint list with the
4249:into 100 Steps for Sicily
4247:
4218:
4186:
4157:
4093:
4059:
4022:
3988:
3926:
3872:
3869:
3866:
3848:Run in a joint list with
3815:
3805:
3784:
3779:
3746:
3710:
3670:
3616:
3246:
3234:
3231:
3224:
2890:
2878:
2875:
2868:
2170:Refoundation for the Left
2087:of Critical Left, led by
1928:, a former member of the
955:Italian road to socialism
395:
377:
372:
363:
358:
342:
328:
314:
300:
287:
278:International affiliation
277:
265:European Parliament group
263:
249:
188:
172:
160:
149:
137:
106:
95:
85:
75:
65:
53:
44:
32:
8401:Democratic Left Scotland
8365:République et socialisme
6627:Greens and Left Alliance
6531:Greens and Left Alliance
6392:Greens and Left Alliance
6273:Popular Democratic Front
5722:Alliance of Progressives
5640:Communist Workers' Party
5590:Refoundation in Movement
5365:Federation of the Greens
4729:Mohamed Branine (2011).
4534:
4220:into Possible Basilicata
4061:into Tuscany to the Left
4026:The Other Emilia-Romagna
3881:
3878:
3875:
3243:
3240:
3237:
2887:
2884:
2881:
2228:Federation of the Greens
2150:Refoundation in Movement
2074:Workers' Communist Party
1939:the PRC was part of the
1814:Federation of the Greens
1812:(SA) with the PdCI, the
1786:Workers' Communist Party
1602:Alliance of Progressives
1316:Popular Democratic Front
1214:Workers' Communist Party
845:Red Republic of Caulonia
818:XVII Congress of the PSI
442:political party in Italy
8644:Other prominent figures
8605:Luigi Alberto Colajanni
7161:Communists of Catalonia
6851:Italian Socialist Party
6140:Italian Socialist Party
6076:Luigi Alberto Colajanni
5814:Italian Communist Party
5672:Italian Communist Party
5495:Italian Communist Party
5080:elezioni.interno.gov.it
4837:International Socialism
4331:Italian Communist Party
1698:PRC's long-time leader
1682:(4.3% to 2.0%) and the
1673:Prime Minister of Italy
1624:Bertinotti vs. Cossutta
1620:(DS) in February 1998.
1559:Italian Communist Party
1326:Proletarian Unity Party
1267:Italian Communist Party
823:I Congress of the PCd'I
690:Giangiacomo Feltrinelli
446:Italian Communist Party
174:Political position
90:Italian Communist Party
27:Italian political party
7118:Bosnia and Herzegovina
6916:Sardinian Action Party
6802:Friuli-Venezia Giulia
6796:Liga Veneta Repubblica
6776:South Tyrolean Freedom
6477:Senate of the Republic
5746:Federation of the Left
5734:The Left – The Rainbow
3226:Senate of the Republic
2234:, a joint list led by
2216:The Left – The Rainbow
2065:, others, led by the
2014:
1999:
1947:, a splinter from the
1889:Federation of the Left
1749:, the PRC was part of
1703:
1279:The Left – The Rainbow
517:
483:since 2008, but had a
430:
273:(1995–2009, 2014–2019)
99:Via degli Scialoja 3,
6891:Movement for Autonomy
6244:Democrats of the Left
5692:Left Class Revolution
5660:Movement for the Left
5500:Proletarian Democracy
2177:Movement for the Left
2134:Proletarian Democracy
2124:2008 general election
2055:2006 general election
2005:
1993:
1972:2022 general election
1937:2018 general election
1896:2013 general election
1861:Movement for the Left
1833:Proletarian Democracy
1827:, led by Ferrero and
1806:2008 general election
1747:2006 general election
1697:
1684:2001 general election
1638:centre-left coalition
1630:1996 general election
1618:Democrats of the Left
1598:1994 general election
1583:1992 general election
1575:Proletarian Democracy
1321:Proletarian Democracy
1226:Defunct organisations
1194:Network of Communists
1126:Current organisations
515:
6004:Leader in the Senate
5373:Uniti per la Sicilia
4514:Party leader in the
4509:Giovanni Russo Spena
4497:Giovanni Russo Spena
4475:Party leader in the
4448:Party leader in the
2236:Left Ecology Freedom
2142:Giovanni Russo Spena
2006:PRC headquarters in
1962:the PRC was part of
1913:the PRC was part of
1865:Left Ecology Freedom
1829:Giovanni Russo Spena
1521:Communism portal
1459:Democratic socialism
865:Manifesto of the 101
610:Giuseppe Di Vittorio
251:European affiliation
189:National affiliation
8672:European Parliament
8566:European Parliament
6921:Sardinian Reformers
6876:Identity and Action
6726:Popular Autonomists
6589:European Parliament
6553:Union of the Centre
6460:Union of the Centre
6330:Chamber of Deputies
6279:Historic Compromise
6154:Garibaldi Battalion
6031:Gerardo Chiaromonte
5846:Executive Committee
5764:Power to the People
5604:Splintered factions
5551:Factions and splits
5136:. 26 February 2021.
5108:. 30 December 2020.
4516:European Parliament
4501:Giorgio Malentacchi
4458:Famiano Crucianelli
4450:Chamber of Deputies
3582:European Parliament
2870:Chamber of Deputies
1941:Power to the People
1930:Chamber of Deputies
1898:the PRC ran within
1871:Left-wing alliances
1780:and send troops to
1610:Famiano Crucianelli
1454:Christian socialism
1391:Quaderni piacentini
1132:Anticapitalist Left
940:Christian communism
925:Anarchist communism
907:Historic Compromise
895:Mitterrand doctrine
665:Pier Paolo Pasolini
630:Galvano Della Volpe
495:, who sat with the
489:European Parliament
330:European Parliament
302:Chamber of Deputies
6836:Populars for Italy
6831:Building Democracy
6761:Die Freiheitlichen
6741:Union for Trentino
6681:Valdostan Alliance
6609:Five Star Movement
6507:Five Star Movement
6436:Animalist Movement
6364:Five Star Movement
5980:Giorgio Napolitano
5974:Fernando Di Giulio
5122:. 13 January 2021.
5076:"Eligendo: Camera"
4941:2014-07-15 at the
4820:. 2 November 2005.
4648:B. Turner (2010).
4462:Oliviero Diliberto
2862:Italian Parliament
2085:Franco Turigliatto
2015:
2000:
1980:Luigi de Magistris
1949:Five Star Movement
1704:
1690:Renewal and heyday
1496:Socialism in Italy
1479:Italian neorealism
1434:Anarchism in Italy
1169:Communist Struggle
1092:Passive revolution
1087:Organic centralism
840:Italian Resistance
835:Aventine Secession
830:Proština rebellion
775:Oliviero Diliberto
685:Giorgio Napolitano
575:Costantino Lazzari
518:
481:Italian Parliament
243:Peace Land Dignity
8705:
8704:
8635:Martin Schirdewan
8590:René-Émile Piquet
8542:Fausto Bertinotti
8530:
8529:
7882:
7881:
7146:Catalan Countries
6999:communist parties
6964:
6963:
6911:Sardinia 20Twenty
6806:Pact for Autonomy
6645:Regional councils
6643:Other parties in
6597:Brothers of Italy
6485:Brothers of Italy
6454:South calls North
6407:Progressive Party
6338:Brothers of Italy
6288:
6287:
6085:
6084:
6070:Giovanni Cervetti
6019:Umberto Terracini
6013:Mauro Scoccimarro
5956:Palmiro Togliatti
5888:Enrico Berlinguer
5876:Palmiro Togliatti
5864:Palmiro Togliatti
5831:General Secretary
5779:
5778:
5710:
5709:
5636:Communist Project
5451:Fausto Bertinotti
4524:Roberto Musacchio
4426:Walter De Cesaris
4407:Fausto Bertinotti
4301:
4300:
4250:
4221:
4192:
4160:
4096:
4095:into Depend on Us
4062:
4028:
3991:
3932:
3860:Regional Councils
3838:
3837:
3618:Fausto Bertinotti
3579:
3578:
3468:Fausto Bertinotti
3428:Fausto Bertinotti
3391:Fausto Bertinotti
3354:Fausto Bertinotti
3317:Fausto Bertinotti
3220:
3219:
3109:Fausto Bertinotti
3069:Fausto Bertinotti
3032:Fausto Bertinotti
2995:Fausto Bertinotti
2958:Fausto Bertinotti
2854:
2853:
2844:
2829:
2817:
2805:
2267:
2266:
2089:Salvatore Cannavò
2057:. A group led by
2043:Communist Project
2019:Fausto Bertinotti
1951:who later joined
1758:House of Freedoms
1700:Fausto Bertinotti
1590:Fausto Bertinotti
1555:
1554:
1484:Politics of Italy
1237:Autonomia Operaia
1065:Cultural hegemony
945:Council communism
750:Ernesto Screpanti
725:Fausto Bertinotti
670:Enrico Berlinguer
615:Palmiro Togliatti
605:Bruno Fortichiari
462:Fausto Bertinotti
419:
418:
405:Political parties
400:Politics of Italy
16:(Redirected from
8750:
8699:Transform Europe
8697:Eurofoundation:
8575:Giorgio Amendola
8568:Group presidents
8535:Party presidents
8520:
8519:
8508:
8507:
8496:
8495:
8484:
8483:
8472:
8471:
8460:
8459:
8448:
8447:
8436:
8435:
8424:
8423:
8412:
8399:
8398:
8387:
8386:
8375:
8374:
8358:
8357:
8346:
8345:
8323:
8322:
8311:
8310:
8294:
8293:
8282:
8281:
8270:
8269:
8258:
8257:
8246:
8245:
8234:Observer parties
8223:
8222:
8211:
8210:
8199:
8198:
8177:
8176:
8165:
8164:
8153:
8152:
8141:
8140:
8124:
8123:
8112:
8111:
8100:
8099:
8088:
8087:
8076:
8075:
8064:
8063:
8047:
8046:
8030:
8029:
8018:
8017:
8006:
8005:
7994:
7993:
7982:
7981:
7972:Spravedlivyj Mir
7970:
7969:
7958:
7957:
7943:
7942:
7931:
7918:
7909:
7902:
7895:
7886:
7885:
7876:Communism portal
6991:
6984:
6977:
6968:
6967:
6856:Us of the Centre
6846:Italy Is Popular
6821:Political Action
6731:Trentino Project
6603:Democratic Party
6491:Democratic Party
6344:Democratic Party
6315:
6308:
6301:
6292:
6291:
6248:Democratic Party
6190:Marxism–Leninism
6133:Related articles
6058:Giorgio Amendola
6050:
6005:
5968:Alessandro Natta
5942:
5923:Alessandro Natta
5900:Achille Occhetto
5894:Alessandro Natta
5832:
5826:
5825:
5815:
5806:
5799:
5792:
5783:
5782:
5758:The Other Europe
5752:Civil Revolution
5703:
5700:Being Communists
5695:
5683:
5675:
5663:
5651:
5643:
5631:
5623:
5615:
5569:Eleonora Forenza
5558:Current factions
5555:
5554:
5527:Young Communists
5510:Prodi II Cabinet
5482:
5437:
5427:
5418:
5411:
5404:
5395:
5394:
5389:Official website
5376:
5349:
5343:
5342:
5335:
5329:
5323:
5317:
5311:
5305:
5299:
5293:
5287:
5281:
5280:
5278:
5277:
5268:. Archived from
5262:
5256:
5250:
5244:
5238:
5232:
5231:
5229:
5228:
5219:. Archived from
5213:
5207:
5206:
5197:
5191:
5190:
5188:
5187:
5178:. Archived from
5172:
5166:
5165:
5158:
5152:
5151:
5144:
5138:
5137:
5130:
5124:
5123:
5116:
5110:
5109:
5102:
5096:
5095:
5093:
5091:
5086:on 11 March 2018
5072:
5066:
5065:
5063:
5061:
5046:
5040:
5039:
5037:
5035:
5020:
5014:
5013:
5006:
5000:
4999:
4992:
4986:
4985:
4978:
4972:
4971:
4964:
4958:
4952:
4946:
4933:
4927:
4926:
4919:
4913:
4912:
4905:
4899:
4898:
4889:
4883:
4882:
4873:
4867:
4866:
4857:
4848:
4847:
4845:
4843:
4828:
4822:
4821:
4808:
4802:
4801:
4794:
4788:
4787:
4785:
4783:
4774:. Archived from
4763:
4757:
4753:
4747:
4746:
4726:
4720:
4719:
4699:
4693:
4692:
4672:
4666:
4665:
4645:
4639:
4638:
4618:
4612:
4600:
4594:
4593:
4573:
4567:
4563:
4557:
4554:
4548:
4545:
4528:Eleonora Forenza
4489:Fausto Marchetti
4470:Gennaro Migliore
4443:Armando Cossutta
4387:
4375:
4363:
4351:
4334:
4327:
4321:
4314:
4295:
4294:
4286:
4256:
4248:
4227:
4219:
4198:
4190:The Other Apulia
4187:
4166:
4158:
4137:
4111:
4110:
4102:
4094:
4077:
4076:
4068:
4060:
4043:
4042:
4034:
4023:
4006:
4005:
3997:
3989:
3968:
3938:
3927:
3906:
3864:
3863:
3853:
3846:
3833:
3832:
3825:
3802:
3801:
3794:
3764:
3763:
3756:
3733:
3732:
3725:
3716:1,038,247 (6th)
3700:
3699:
3692:
3683:1,971,700 (7th)
3667:
3666:
3659:
3650:1,330,341 (4th)
3631:
3622:1,991,977 (6th)
3586:
3585:
3562:
3527:
3492:
3461:
3460:
3452:
3421:
3420:
3412:
3403:2,518,624 (5th)
3384:
3383:
3375:
3366:1,708,707 (3rd)
3347:
3346:
3338:
3310:
3309:
3301:
3266:
3257:2,163,317 (5th)
3222:
3221:
3203:
3168:
3133:
3102:
3101:
3093:
3062:
3061:
3053:
3044:2,229,604 (5th)
3025:
3024:
3016:
3007:1,868,659 (5th)
2988:
2987:
2979:
2970:3,215,960 (5th)
2951:
2950:
2942:
2933:2,334,029 (6th)
2910:
2901:2,202,574 (5th)
2866:
2865:
2857:Election results
2842:
2827:
2815:
2803:
2276:
2275:
2271:regions of Italy
2249:
2248:
2241:
2232:The Other Europe
2200:Eleonora Forenza
2162:Claudio Bellotti
2061:established the
2051:Prodi II Cabinet
2031:Armando Cossutta
2027:Being Communists
1919:Eleonora Forenza
1915:The Other Europe
1900:Civil Revolution
1770:Prodi II Cabinet
1764:and replaced by
1709:social movements
1686:(5.0% to 1.7%).
1571:Armando Cossutta
1567:Achille Occhetto
1547:
1540:
1533:
1519:
1518:
1517:
1490:Prison Notebooks
1474:History of Italy
1469:Fischia il vento
1294:October 22 Group
1050:Anti-imperialism
1040:Anti-clericalism
997:Neo-Gramscianism
987:Marxist humanism
970:Marxism–Leninism
902:Movement of 1977
745:Margherita Cagol
735:Domenico Losurdo
720:Achille Occhetto
710:Giovanni Scuderi
695:Armando Cossutta
655:Raniero Panzieri
645:Alessandro Natta
640:Altiero Spinelli
570:Errico Malatesta
547:
520:
519:
493:Eleonora Forenza
470:social movements
458:Armando Cossutta
391:
386:
383:
381:
368:
353:
337:
323:
309:
293:
259:
153:
144:Young Communists
133:
129:
117:
81:12 December 1991
70:Armando Cossutta
49:
30:
29:
21:
8758:
8757:
8753:
8752:
8751:
8749:
8748:
8747:
8708:
8707:
8706:
8701:
8691:
8660:
8639:
8600:Joaquim Miranda
8595:Alekos Alavanos
8585:Gianni Cervetti
8567:
8561:
8526:
8514:
8502:
8490:
8478:
8466:
8454:
8442:
8430:
8418:
8410:
8405:
8393:
8381:
8369:
8352:
8340:
8334:Partner parties
8329:
8317:
8305:
8288:
8276:
8264:
8252:
8240:
8229:
8217:
8205:
8201:PdA/PST-POP/PSL
8193:
8171:
8159:
8147:
8135:
8118:
8106:
8094:
8082:
8070:
8058:
8041:
8024:
8012:
8000:
7988:
7976:
7964:
7952:
7934:
7929:
7920:
7916:
7913:
7883:
7878:
7869:
7002:
6995:
6965:
6960:
6932:
6721:Futura Trentino
6638:
6583:
6578:Coraggio Italia
6471:
6466:Valdostan Union
6448:Coraggio Italia
6324:
6319:
6289:
6284:
6261:
6209:
6170:May 1947 crises
6128:
6081:
6048:
6042:
6003:
5997:
5992:Giulio Quercini
5986:Renato Zangheri
5940:
5934:
5929:Aldo Tortorella
5905:
5852:Antonio Gramsci
5830:
5817:
5813:
5810:
5780:
5775:
5706:
5698:
5686:
5678:
5666:
5654:
5646:
5634:
5626:
5618:
5610:
5599:
5578:Former factions
5573:
5572:
5546:
5483:
5474:
5469:Maurizio Acerbo
5457:Franco Giordano
5445:Sergio Garavini
5435:
5429:
5425:
5422:
5385:
5380:
5379:
5357:Italy of Values
5350:
5346:
5337:
5336:
5332:
5324:
5320:
5312:
5308:
5300:
5296:
5288:
5284:
5275:
5273:
5264:
5263:
5259:
5251:
5247:
5239:
5235:
5226:
5224:
5215:
5214:
5210:
5202:
5199:
5198:
5194:
5185:
5183:
5174:
5173:
5169:
5160:
5159:
5155:
5146:
5145:
5141:
5132:
5131:
5127:
5118:
5117:
5113:
5104:
5103:
5099:
5089:
5087:
5074:
5073:
5069:
5059:
5057:
5048:
5047:
5043:
5033:
5031:
5022:
5021:
5017:
5012:. 2 April 2017.
5008:
5007:
5003:
4998:. 2 April 2017.
4994:
4993:
4989:
4980:
4979:
4975:
4968:"Elezioni 2014"
4966:
4965:
4961:
4953:
4949:
4943:Wayback Machine
4934:
4930:
4921:
4920:
4916:
4911:. 18 July 2009.
4907:
4906:
4902:
4894:
4891:
4890:
4886:
4878:
4875:
4874:
4870:
4862:
4859:
4858:
4851:
4841:
4839:
4829:
4825:
4817:TheGuardian.com
4810:
4809:
4805:
4796:
4795:
4791:
4781:
4779:
4778:on 15 June 2012
4764:
4760:
4754:
4750:
4743:
4727:
4723:
4716:
4700:
4696:
4689:
4673:
4669:
4662:
4646:
4642:
4635:
4619:
4615:
4601:
4597:
4590:
4574:
4570:
4564:
4560:
4555:
4551:
4546:
4542:
4537:
4505:Luigi Malabarba
4485:Ersilia Salvato
4481:Lucio Libertini
4466:Franco Giordano
4434:Stefano Galieni
4421:(2017–present)
4419:Maurizio Acerbo
4411:Franco Giordano
4403:Sergio Garavini
4398:
4391:
4388:
4379:
4376:
4367:
4364:
4355:
4352:
4343:
4338:
4337:
4328:
4324:
4315:
4306:
4297:
4287:
4284:
4262:
4257:
4254:
4233:
4228:
4225:
4204:
4199:
4196:
4172:
4167:
4164:
4143:
4138:
4135:
4113:
4103:
4100:
4079:
4069:
4066:
4045:
4035:
4032:
4008:
3998:
3995:
3974:
3969:
3966:
3944:
3939:
3936:
3912:
3907:
3904:
3862:
3857:
3856:
3847:
3843:
3826:
3823:
3795:
3792:
3781:Maurizio Acerbo
3757:
3754:
3726:
3723:
3693:
3690:
3660:
3657:
3632:
3629:
3584:
3575:
3573:Maurizio Acerbo
3568:
3563:
3560:
3540:
3538:Maurizio Acerbo
3533:
3528:
3525:
3505:
3498:
3493:
3490:
3470:
3463:
3453:
3450:
3430:
3423:
3413:
3410:
3393:
3386:
3376:
3373:
3356:
3349:
3339:
3336:
3319:
3312:
3302:
3299:
3279:
3277:Sergio Garavini
3272:
3267:
3264:
3216:
3214:Maurizio Acerbo
3209:
3204:
3201:
3181:
3179:Maurizio Acerbo
3174:
3169:
3166:
3146:
3139:
3134:
3131:
3111:
3104:
3094:
3091:
3071:
3064:
3054:
3051:
3034:
3027:
3017:
3014:
2997:
2990:
2980:
2977:
2960:
2953:
2943:
2940:
2923:
2921:Sergio Garavini
2916:
2911:
2908:
2864:
2859:
2263:
2250:
2246:
2224:Democratic Left
2212:
2210:Popular support
2204:Maurizio Acerbo
2146:Franco Giordano
2117:The Future City
2059:Francesco Ricci
2033:as well as the
1994:A PRC rally in
1988:
1926:Maurizio Acerbo
1904:Italy of Values
1873:
1818:Democratic Left
1802:
1766:Franco Giordano
1736:southern region
1692:
1669:Massimo D'Alema
1626:
1579:Sergio Garavini
1551:
1515:
1513:
1508:
1507:
1464:Fasci Siciliani
1429:
1421:
1420:
1356:
1348:
1347:
1227:
1219:
1218:
1152:Communist Party
1147:Communist Front
1127:
1119:
1118:
1070:Counterhegemony
1035:
1027:
1026:
1017:Western Marxism
920:
912:
911:
880:Primavalle fire
860:May 1947 crises
808:Fasci Siciliani
803:
795:
794:
790:Alberto Toscano
770:Cesare Battisti
740:Silvia Federici
600:Antonio Gramsci
590:Nicola Bombacci
555:
510:
505:
466:communist party
452:, who replaced
450:Maurizio Acerbo
415:
414:
378:
354:
351:
345:
338:
335:
324:
321:
310:
307:
291:
272:
255:
241:
236:
231:
226:
221:
216:
211:
206:
201:
196:
151:
131:
123:
118:
115:
86:Split from
80:
60:Maurizio Acerbo
40:
39:
36:
28:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
8756:
8746:
8745:
8740:
8735:
8730:
8725:
8720:
8703:
8702:
8696:
8693:
8692:
8690:
8689:
8684:
8679:
8674:
8668:
8666:
8662:
8661:
8659:
8658:
8653:
8651:Gesine Lötzsch
8647:
8645:
8641:
8640:
8638:
8637:
8632:
8627:
8622:
8617:
8612:
8607:
8602:
8597:
8592:
8587:
8582:
8577:
8571:
8569:
8563:
8562:
8560:
8559:
8554:
8552:Pierre Laurent
8549:
8544:
8538:
8536:
8532:
8531:
8528:
8527:
8525:
8524:
8512:
8500:
8488:
8476:
8464:
8452:
8440:
8428:
8415:
8413:
8411:Former members
8407:
8406:
8404:
8403:
8391:
8379:
8367:
8362:
8350:
8337:
8335:
8331:
8330:
8328:
8327:
8315:
8303:
8298:
8286:
8274:
8262:
8250:
8237:
8235:
8231:
8230:
8228:
8227:
8215:
8203:
8191:
8186:
8181:
8169:
8157:
8145:
8133:
8128:
8116:
8104:
8092:
8080:
8068:
8056:
8051:
8039:
8034:
8022:
8010:
7998:
7986:
7974:
7962:
7949:
7947:
7946:Member parties
7940:
7936:
7935:
7925:
7922:
7921:
7912:
7911:
7904:
7897:
7889:
7880:
7879:
7874:
7871:
7870:
7868:
7867:
7866:
7865:
7860:
7855:
7850:
7840:
7839:
7838:
7833:
7828:
7823:
7818:
7813:
7808:
7803:
7798:
7791:United Kingdom
7788:
7787:
7786:
7781:
7776:
7771:
7766:
7761:
7756:
7751:
7746:
7741:
7736:
7731:
7721:
7714:
7707:
7706:
7705:
7700:
7690:
7689:
7688:
7683:
7678:
7673:
7668:
7663:
7658:
7653:
7643:
7636:
7635:
7634:
7629:
7619:
7612:
7611:
7610:
7605:
7600:
7595:
7590:
7585:
7580:
7570:
7563:
7562:
7561:
7556:
7546:
7545:
7544:
7539:
7529:
7528:
7527:
7522:
7512:
7505:
7498:
7497:
7496:
7491:
7481:
7474:
7467:
7466:
7465:
7460:
7450:
7443:
7442:
7441:
7436:
7431:
7426:
7421:
7411:
7410:
7409:
7404:
7394:
7393:
7392:
7387:
7382:
7372:
7371:
7370:
7365:
7360:
7355:
7350:
7345:
7335:
7334:
7333:
7328:
7323:
7313:
7306:
7305:
7304:
7299:
7294:
7289:
7279:
7278:
7277:
7272:
7267:
7262:
7252:
7251:
7250:
7245:
7240:
7230:
7223:
7222:
7221:
7216:
7211:
7206:
7196:
7193:Czech Republic
7189:
7182:
7181:
7180:
7175:
7165:
7164:
7163:
7158:
7153:
7143:
7142:
7141:
7136:
7131:
7121:
7114:
7113:
7112:
7107:
7097:
7096:
7095:
7090:
7080:
7077:Basque Country
7073:
7072:
7071:
7066:
7056:
7055:
7054:
7049:
7039:
7032:
7031:
7030:
7028:PKSH 8 Nëntori
7025:
7015:
7007:
7004:
7003:
6994:
6993:
6986:
6979:
6971:
6962:
6961:
6959:
6958:
6953:
6948:
6943:
6937:
6934:
6933:
6931:
6930:
6929:
6928:
6923:
6918:
6913:
6908:
6906:Civic Sardinia
6900:
6899:
6898:
6893:
6888:
6880:
6879:
6878:
6870:
6869:
6868:
6866:Popular Apulia
6860:
6859:
6858:
6853:
6848:
6840:
6839:
6838:
6833:
6825:
6824:
6823:
6815:
6814:
6813:
6808:
6800:
6799:
6798:
6790:
6789:
6788:
6783:
6778:
6773:
6768:
6763:
6758:
6753:
6745:
6744:
6743:
6738:
6733:
6728:
6723:
6718:
6713:
6711:Autonomy House
6705:
6704:
6703:
6695:
6694:
6693:
6685:
6684:
6683:
6678:
6673:
6668:
6666:For Our Valley
6663:
6658:
6649:
6647:
6640:
6639:
6637:
6636:
6630:
6624:
6618:
6612:
6606:
6600:
6593:
6591:
6585:
6584:
6582:
6581:
6575:
6569:
6563:
6557:
6556:
6555:
6545:
6544:
6543:
6538:
6528:
6522:
6516:
6510:
6504:
6494:
6488:
6481:
6479:
6473:
6472:
6470:
6469:
6463:
6457:
6451:
6445:
6439:
6433:
6423:
6417:
6411:
6410:
6409:
6404:
6399:
6389:
6383:
6377:
6367:
6361:
6355:
6341:
6334:
6332:
6326:
6325:
6318:
6317:
6310:
6303:
6295:
6286:
6285:
6283:
6282:
6276:
6269:
6267:
6263:
6262:
6260:
6259:
6250:
6237:
6232:
6223:
6217:
6215:
6211:
6210:
6208:
6207:
6202:
6197:
6192:
6187:
6182:
6177:
6172:
6167:
6162:
6157:
6147:
6142:
6136:
6134:
6130:
6129:
6127:
6126:
6118:
6110:
6102:
6093:
6091:
6087:
6086:
6083:
6082:
6080:
6079:
6073:
6067:
6061:
6054:
6052:
6044:
6043:
6041:
6040:
6034:
6028:
6022:
6016:
6009:
6007:
5999:
5998:
5996:
5995:
5989:
5983:
5977:
5971:
5965:
5959:
5953:
5946:
5944:
5936:
5935:
5933:
5932:
5926:
5920:
5913:
5911:
5907:
5906:
5904:
5903:
5897:
5891:
5885:
5879:
5873:
5870:Ruggero Grieco
5867:
5861:
5858:Camilla Ravera
5855:
5849:
5843:
5840:Amadeo Bordiga
5836:
5834:
5823:
5819:
5818:
5809:
5808:
5801:
5794:
5786:
5777:
5776:
5774:
5773:
5772:(2019–present)
5767:
5761:
5755:
5749:
5743:
5737:
5731:
5725:
5718:
5716:
5712:
5711:
5708:
5707:
5705:
5704:
5696:
5684:
5680:Countercurrent
5676:
5664:
5652:
5644:
5632:
5624:
5616:
5607:
5605:
5601:
5600:
5598:
5597:
5592:
5587:
5581:
5579:
5575:
5574:
5562:
5561:
5559:
5552:
5548:
5547:
5545:
5544:
5539:
5534:
5529:
5524:
5517:
5512:
5507:
5502:
5497:
5491:
5489:
5485:
5484:
5477:
5475:
5473:
5472:
5471:(2017–present)
5466:
5460:
5454:
5448:
5441:
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5383:External links
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5054:ilmanifesto.it
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4582:. p. 35.
4568:
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4530:(2014–present)
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4436:(2017–present)
4430:Nando Mainardi
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4318:People's Union
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4128:10,289 (14th)
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4014:Emilia-Romagna
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3897:39,913 (11th)
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3329:934,974 (4th)
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3200:
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3195:
3189:
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2518:
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2503:
2501:Emilia-Romagna
2497:
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2490:
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2481:
2478:
2475:
2472:
2469:
2466:
2463:
2460:
2457:
2454:
2448:
2447:
2444:
2441:
2438:
2435:
2432:
2429:
2426:
2423:
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2405:
2399:
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2377:
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2368:
2365:
2362:
2359:
2356:
2350:
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2344:
2339:
2334:
2329:
2324:
2319:
2314:
2309:
2304:
2299:
2294:
2289:
2284:
2279:
2265:
2264:
2253:
2251:
2244:
2211:
2208:
2181:Augusto Rocchi
2113:Communist Left
2105:Fosco Giannini
2101:Claudio Grassi
2097:Prime Minister
2078:Countercurrent
2070:Marco Ferrando
1987:
1984:
1976:People's Union
1872:
1869:
1844:bertinottiani'
1801:
1798:
1691:
1688:
1634:The Olive Tree
1625:
1622:
1553:
1552:
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1510:
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1503:
1493:
1486:
1481:
1476:
1471:
1466:
1461:
1456:
1451:
1449:Christian left
1446:
1441:
1439:Bandiera Rossa
1436:
1430:
1428:Related topics
1427:
1426:
1423:
1422:
1419:
1418:
1413:
1408:
1403:
1398:
1396:Quaderni Rossi
1393:
1388:
1383:
1381:Il Politecnico
1378:
1373:
1368:
1363:
1357:
1354:
1353:
1350:
1349:
1346:
1345:
1343:Workers' Power
1340:
1333:
1328:
1323:
1318:
1313:
1312:
1311:
1301:
1296:
1291:
1286:
1284:Lotta Continua
1281:
1276:
1275:
1274:
1264:
1259:
1254:
1249:
1244:
1239:
1234:
1228:
1225:
1224:
1221:
1220:
1217:
1216:
1211:
1206:
1201:
1199:People's Union
1196:
1191:
1186:
1181:
1176:
1174:Countercurrent
1171:
1166:
1165:
1164:
1154:
1149:
1144:
1139:
1134:
1128:
1125:
1124:
1121:
1120:
1117:
1116:
1109:
1104:
1099:
1094:
1089:
1084:
1079:
1077:Euroscepticism
1074:
1073:
1072:
1062:
1060:Class conflict
1057:
1055:Antimilitarism
1052:
1047:
1042:
1036:
1033:
1032:
1029:
1028:
1025:
1024:
1019:
1014:
1009:
1004:
999:
994:
989:
984:
983:
982:
977:
967:
962:
960:Left communism
957:
952:
947:
942:
937:
932:
927:
921:
918:
917:
914:
913:
910:
909:
904:
899:
898:
897:
892:
887:
882:
877:
867:
862:
857:
852:
847:
842:
837:
832:
827:
826:
825:
815:
810:
804:
801:
800:
797:
796:
793:
792:
787:
782:
777:
772:
767:
765:Marco Ferrando
762:
757:
755:Franco Berardi
752:
747:
742:
737:
732:
727:
722:
717:
715:Gianni Vattimo
712:
707:
702:
697:
692:
687:
682:
680:Lucio Colletti
677:
672:
667:
662:
657:
652:
647:
642:
637:
632:
627:
622:
620:Ruggero Grieco
617:
612:
607:
602:
597:
595:Amadeo Bordiga
592:
587:
585:Egidio Gennari
582:
580:Luigi Galleani
577:
572:
567:
562:
560:Emilio Covelli
556:
553:
552:
549:
548:
540:
539:
529:
528:
509:
506:
504:
501:
417:
416:
413:
412:
407:
402:
396:
393:
392:
375:
374:
370:
369:
361:
360:
356:
355:
350:
348:
340:
339:
334:
332:
326:
325:
320:
318:
312:
311:
306:
304:
298:
297:
289:
285:
284:
279:
275:
274:
267:
261:
260:
253:
247:
246:
245:(2024–present)
240:(2022–present)
238:People's Union
190:
186:
185:
176:
170:
169:
164:
158:
157:
154:
147:
146:
141:
135:
134:
108:
104:
103:
97:
93:
92:
87:
83:
82:
79:6 January 1991
77:
73:
72:
67:
63:
62:
57:
51:
50:
42:
41:
37:
34:
33:
26:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
8755:
8744:
8741:
8739:
8736:
8734:
8731:
8729:
8726:
8724:
8721:
8719:
8716:
8715:
8713:
8700:
8694:
8688:
8685:
8683:
8680:
8678:
8675:
8673:
8670:
8669:
8667:
8663:
8657:
8654:
8652:
8649:
8648:
8646:
8642:
8636:
8633:
8631:
8628:
8626:
8623:
8621:
8618:
8616:
8615:Francis Wurtz
8613:
8611:
8610:Alonso Puerta
8608:
8606:
8603:
8601:
8598:
8596:
8593:
8591:
8588:
8586:
8583:
8581:
8578:
8576:
8573:
8572:
8570:
8564:
8558:
8555:
8553:
8550:
8548:
8545:
8543:
8540:
8539:
8537:
8533:
8523:
8518:
8513:
8511:
8506:
8501:
8499:
8494:
8489:
8487:
8482:
8477:
8475:
8470:
8465:
8463:
8458:
8453:
8451:
8446:
8441:
8439:
8434:
8429:
8427:
8422:
8417:
8416:
8414:
8408:
8402:
8397:
8392:
8390:
8385:
8380:
8378:
8373:
8368:
8366:
8363:
8361:
8356:
8351:
8349:
8344:
8339:
8338:
8336:
8332:
8326:
8321:
8316:
8314:
8309:
8304:
8302:
8299:
8297:
8292:
8287:
8285:
8280:
8275:
8273:
8268:
8263:
8261:
8256:
8251:
8249:
8244:
8239:
8238:
8236:
8232:
8226:
8221:
8216:
8214:
8209:
8204:
8202:
8197:
8192:
8190:
8187:
8185:
8182:
8180:
8175:
8170:
8168:
8163:
8158:
8156:
8151:
8146:
8144:
8139:
8134:
8132:
8129:
8127:
8122:
8117:
8115:
8110:
8105:
8103:
8098:
8093:
8091:
8090:European Left
8086:
8081:
8079:
8074:
8069:
8067:
8062:
8057:
8055:
8052:
8050:
8045:
8040:
8038:
8035:
8033:
8028:
8023:
8021:
8016:
8011:
8009:
8004:
7999:
7997:
7992:
7987:
7985:
7980:
7975:
7973:
7968:
7963:
7961:
7956:
7951:
7950:
7948:
7944:
7941:
7937:
7933:
7932:
7923:
7919:
7910:
7905:
7903:
7898:
7896:
7891:
7890:
7887:
7877:
7872:
7864:
7861:
7859:
7856:
7854:
7851:
7849:
7846:
7845:
7844:
7841:
7837:
7834:
7832:
7829:
7827:
7824:
7822:
7819:
7817:
7814:
7812:
7809:
7807:
7804:
7802:
7799:
7797:
7794:
7793:
7792:
7789:
7785:
7782:
7780:
7777:
7775:
7772:
7770:
7767:
7765:
7762:
7760:
7757:
7755:
7752:
7750:
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7745:
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7740:
7737:
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7732:
7730:
7727:
7726:
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7722:
7720:
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7715:
7713:
7712:
7708:
7704:
7701:
7699:
7696:
7695:
7694:
7691:
7687:
7684:
7682:
7679:
7677:
7674:
7672:
7669:
7667:
7664:
7662:
7659:
7657:
7654:
7652:
7649:
7648:
7647:
7644:
7642:
7641:
7640:South Ossetia
7637:
7633:
7630:
7628:
7625:
7624:
7623:
7620:
7618:
7617:
7613:
7609:
7606:
7604:
7601:
7599:
7596:
7594:
7591:
7589:
7586:
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7564:
7560:
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7555:
7552:
7551:
7550:
7547:
7543:
7540:
7538:
7535:
7534:
7533:
7530:
7526:
7523:
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7518:
7517:
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7513:
7511:
7510:
7506:
7504:
7503:
7499:
7495:
7492:
7490:
7487:
7486:
7485:
7482:
7480:
7479:
7475:
7473:
7472:
7468:
7464:
7461:
7459:
7456:
7455:
7454:
7451:
7449:
7448:
7444:
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7102:
7101:
7098:
7094:
7091:
7089:
7086:
7085:
7084:
7081:
7079:
7078:
7074:
7070:
7067:
7065:
7062:
7061:
7060:
7057:
7053:
7050:
7048:
7045:
7044:
7043:
7040:
7038:
7037:
7033:
7029:
7026:
7024:
7021:
7020:
7019:
7016:
7014:
7013:
7009:
7008:
7005:
7000:
6992:
6987:
6985:
6980:
6978:
6973:
6972:
6969:
6957:
6954:
6952:
6949:
6947:
6944:
6942:
6939:
6938:
6935:
6927:
6924:
6922:
6919:
6917:
6914:
6912:
6909:
6907:
6904:
6903:
6901:
6897:
6894:
6892:
6889:
6887:
6884:
6883:
6881:
6877:
6874:
6873:
6871:
6867:
6864:
6863:
6861:
6857:
6854:
6852:
6849:
6847:
6844:
6843:
6841:
6837:
6834:
6832:
6829:
6828:
6826:
6822:
6819:
6818:
6816:
6812:
6811:Slovene Union
6809:
6807:
6804:
6803:
6801:
6797:
6794:
6793:
6791:
6787:
6784:
6782:
6779:
6777:
6774:
6772:
6769:
6767:
6764:
6762:
6759:
6757:
6754:
6752:
6749:
6748:
6746:
6742:
6739:
6737:
6734:
6732:
6729:
6727:
6724:
6722:
6719:
6717:
6714:
6712:
6709:
6708:
6706:
6702:
6699:
6698:
6696:
6692:
6689:
6688:
6686:
6682:
6679:
6677:
6674:
6672:
6669:
6667:
6664:
6662:
6659:
6657:
6656:Civic Network
6654:
6653:
6652:Aosta Valley
6651:
6650:
6648:
6646:
6641:
6634:
6631:
6628:
6625:
6622:
6619:
6616:
6613:
6610:
6607:
6604:
6601:
6598:
6595:
6594:
6592:
6590:
6586:
6579:
6576:
6573:
6570:
6567:
6564:
6561:
6558:
6554:
6551:
6550:
6549:
6546:
6542:
6539:
6537:
6534:
6533:
6532:
6529:
6526:
6523:
6520:
6517:
6514:
6511:
6508:
6505:
6502:
6498:
6495:
6492:
6489:
6486:
6483:
6482:
6480:
6478:
6474:
6467:
6464:
6461:
6458:
6455:
6452:
6449:
6446:
6443:
6440:
6437:
6434:
6431:
6427:
6424:
6421:
6418:
6415:
6412:
6408:
6405:
6403:
6400:
6398:
6395:
6394:
6393:
6390:
6387:
6384:
6381:
6378:
6375:
6371:
6368:
6365:
6362:
6359:
6356:
6353:
6349:
6345:
6342:
6339:
6336:
6335:
6333:
6331:
6327:
6323:
6316:
6311:
6309:
6304:
6302:
6297:
6296:
6293:
6280:
6277:
6274:
6271:
6270:
6268:
6264:
6258:
6254:
6251:
6249:
6245:
6241:
6238:
6236:
6233:
6231:
6227:
6224:
6222:
6219:
6218:
6216:
6212:
6206:
6203:
6201:
6200:Eurocommunism
6198:
6196:
6193:
6191:
6188:
6186:
6183:
6181:
6178:
6176:
6173:
6171:
6168:
6166:
6163:
6161:
6158:
6155:
6151:
6148:
6146:
6143:
6141:
6138:
6137:
6135:
6131:
6124:
6123:
6119:
6116:
6115:
6111:
6108:
6107:
6103:
6100:
6099:
6095:
6094:
6092:
6088:
6077:
6074:
6071:
6068:
6065:
6062:
6059:
6056:
6055:
6053:
6051:
6045:
6038:
6037:Ugo Pecchioli
6035:
6032:
6029:
6026:
6023:
6020:
6017:
6014:
6011:
6010:
6008:
6006:
6000:
5993:
5990:
5987:
5984:
5981:
5978:
5975:
5972:
5969:
5966:
5963:
5962:Pietro Ingrao
5960:
5957:
5954:
5951:
5948:
5947:
5945:
5943:
5937:
5930:
5927:
5924:
5921:
5918:
5915:
5914:
5912:
5908:
5901:
5898:
5895:
5892:
5889:
5886:
5883:
5880:
5877:
5874:
5871:
5868:
5865:
5862:
5859:
5856:
5853:
5850:
5847:
5844:
5841:
5838:
5837:
5835:
5833:
5827:
5824:
5820:
5816:
5807:
5802:
5800:
5795:
5793:
5788:
5787:
5784:
5771:
5768:
5765:
5762:
5759:
5756:
5753:
5750:
5747:
5744:
5741:
5738:
5735:
5732:
5729:
5726:
5723:
5720:
5719:
5717:
5713:
5701:
5697:
5693:
5689:
5685:
5681:
5677:
5673:
5669:
5665:
5661:
5657:
5653:
5649:
5648:Critical Left
5645:
5641:
5637:
5633:
5629:
5625:
5621:
5617:
5613:
5609:
5608:
5606:
5602:
5596:
5593:
5591:
5588:
5586:
5585:Bertinottiani
5583:
5582:
5580:
5576:
5570:
5566:
5565:Paolo Ferrero
5560:
5556:
5553:
5549:
5543:
5540:
5538:
5535:
5533:
5530:
5528:
5525:
5523:
5522:
5518:
5516:
5515:Eurocommunism
5513:
5511:
5508:
5506:
5503:
5501:
5498:
5496:
5493:
5492:
5490:
5486:
5481:
5470:
5467:
5464:
5463:Paolo Ferrero
5461:
5458:
5455:
5452:
5449:
5446:
5443:
5442:
5440:
5438:
5432:
5428:
5419:
5414:
5412:
5407:
5405:
5400:
5399:
5396:
5390:
5387:
5386:
5374:
5370:
5366:
5362:
5358:
5354:
5348:
5340:
5334:
5327:
5322:
5315:
5310:
5303:
5298:
5291:
5286:
5272:on 2017-12-26
5271:
5267:
5261:
5254:
5249:
5242:
5237:
5223:on 2009-05-05
5222:
5218:
5212:
5204:
5196:
5182:on 2017-08-15
5181:
5177:
5171:
5163:
5157:
5149:
5143:
5135:
5129:
5121:
5115:
5107:
5101:
5085:
5081:
5077:
5071:
5055:
5051:
5045:
5029:
5025:
5019:
5011:
5005:
4997:
4991:
4983:
4977:
4969:
4963:
4956:
4951:
4944:
4940:
4937:
4932:
4924:
4918:
4910:
4904:
4896:
4888:
4880:
4872:
4864:
4856:
4854:
4838:
4834:
4827:
4819:
4818:
4813:
4807:
4800:. April 2006.
4799:
4793:
4777:
4773:
4769:
4762:
4756:
4752:
4744:
4742:9781446210314
4738:
4734:
4733:
4725:
4717:
4715:9781134908486
4711:
4707:
4706:
4698:
4690:
4688:9781136949876
4684:
4680:
4679:
4671:
4663:
4661:9780191023798
4657:
4653:
4652:
4644:
4636:
4634:9781349740246
4630:
4626:
4625:
4617:
4610:
4606:
4605:
4599:
4591:
4589:9780387721415
4585:
4581:
4580:
4572:
4566:
4562:
4553:
4544:
4540:
4529:
4526:(2004–2009),
4525:
4522:(1994–2004),
4521:
4517:
4513:
4510:
4507:(2002–2006),
4506:
4503:(2001–2002),
4502:
4499:(1998–2001),
4498:
4495:(1996–1998),
4494:
4491:(1995–1996),
4490:
4487:(1993–1995),
4486:
4483:(1992–1993),
4482:
4478:
4474:
4471:
4468:(1998–2006),
4467:
4464:(1995–1998),
4463:
4460:(1994–1995),
4459:
4456:(1992–1994),
4455:
4451:
4447:
4444:
4440:
4435:
4432:(2014–2017),
4431:
4428:(2004–2008),
4427:
4424:Coordinator:
4423:
4422:
4420:
4417:(2008–2017),
4416:
4415:Paolo Ferrero
4413:(2006–2008),
4412:
4409:(1994–2006),
4408:
4405:(1991–1993),
4404:
4400:
4399:
4386:
4381:
4374:
4369:
4362:
4357:
4350:
4345:
4344:
4332:
4326:
4319:
4313:
4311:
4309:
4304:
4289:
4282:
4279:
4277:4,308 (22nd)
4276:
4274:
4271:
4269:
4266:
4265:
4259:
4252:
4245:
4242:
4240:
4237:
4236:
4230:
4223:
4216:
4213:
4211:
4208:
4207:
4201:
4194:
4191:
4184:
4181:
4179:
4176:
4175:
4169:
4162:
4155:
4152:
4150:
4147:
4146:
4140:
4133:
4130:
4127:
4125:
4122:
4120:
4117:
4116:
4105:
4098:
4091:
4088:
4086:
4083:
4082:
4071:
4064:
4057:
4054:
4052:
4049:
4048:
4037:
4030:
4027:
4020:
4017:
4015:
4012:
4011:
4000:
3993:
3986:
3983:
3981:
3978:
3977:
3971:
3964:
3961:
3959:1,088 (23rd)
3958:
3956:
3953:
3951:
3948:
3947:
3941:
3934:
3931:
3924:
3921:
3919:
3916:
3915:
3909:
3902:
3899:
3896:
3894:
3891:
3889:
3886:
3885:
3865:
3851:
3845:
3841:
3828:
3821:
3819:
3813:
3810:
3809:
3797:
3790:
3788:
3782:
3777:
3774:
3773:
3770:
3767:
3759:
3752:
3750:
3744:
3741:
3740:
3736:
3728:
3721:
3718:
3715:
3713:
3712:Paolo Ferrero
3708:
3705:
3704:
3695:
3688:
3685:
3682:
3680:
3677:
3676:
3673:
3662:
3655:
3652:
3649:
3647:
3644:
3643:
3640:
3637:
3634:
3627:
3624:
3621:
3619:
3614:
3611:
3610:
3606:
3603:
3600:
3597:
3594:
3591:
3588:
3587:
3574:
3570:
3565:
3558:
3555:
3553:
3549:
3547:
3544:
3543:
3539:
3535:
3530:
3523:
3520:
3518:
3514:
3512:
3509:
3508:
3504:
3503:Paolo Ferrero
3500:
3495:
3488:
3485:
3483:
3479:
3477:
3474:
3473:
3469:
3465:
3455:
3448:
3445:
3443:
3439:
3437:
3434:
3433:
3429:
3425:
3415:
3408:
3405:
3402:
3400:
3397:
3396:
3392:
3388:
3378:
3371:
3368:
3365:
3363:
3360:
3359:
3355:
3351:
3341:
3334:
3331:
3328:
3326:
3323:
3322:
3318:
3314:
3304:
3297:
3294:
3292:
3288:
3286:
3283:
3282:
3278:
3274:
3269:
3262:
3259:
3256:
3254:
3251:
3250:
3230:
3227:
3223:
3215:
3211:
3206:
3199:
3196:
3194:
3190:
3188:
3185:
3184:
3180:
3176:
3171:
3164:
3161:
3159:
3155:
3153:
3150:
3149:
3145:
3144:Paolo Ferrero
3141:
3136:
3129:
3126:
3124:
3120:
3118:
3115:
3114:
3110:
3106:
3096:
3089:
3086:
3084:
3080:
3078:
3075:
3074:
3070:
3066:
3056:
3049:
3046:
3043:
3041:
3038:
3037:
3033:
3029:
3019:
3012:
3009:
3006:
3004:
3001:
3000:
2996:
2992:
2982:
2975:
2972:
2969:
2967:
2964:
2963:
2959:
2955:
2945:
2938:
2935:
2932:
2930:
2927:
2926:
2922:
2918:
2913:
2906:
2903:
2900:
2898:
2895:
2894:
2874:
2871:
2867:
2849:
2846:
2840:
2837:
2834:
2831:
2825:
2822:
2819:
2813:
2810:
2807:
2801:
2798:
2796:
2793:
2792:
2788:
2785:
2782:
2779:
2776:
2773:
2770:
2767:
2764:
2761:
2758:
2755:
2752:
2749:
2747:
2744:
2743:
2739:
2736:
2733:
2730:
2727:
2724:
2721:
2718:
2715:
2712:
2709:
2706:
2703:
2700:
2698:
2695:
2694:
2690:
2687:
2684:
2681:
2678:
2675:
2672:
2669:
2666:
2663:
2660:
2657:
2654:
2651:
2649:
2646:
2645:
2641:
2638:
2635:
2632:
2629:
2626:
2623:
2620:
2617:
2614:
2611:
2608:
2605:
2602:
2600:
2597:
2596:
2592:
2589:
2586:
2583:
2580:
2577:
2574:
2571:
2568:
2565:
2562:
2559:
2556:
2553:
2551:
2548:
2547:
2543:
2540:
2537:
2534:
2531:
2528:
2525:
2522:
2519:
2516:
2513:
2510:
2507:
2504:
2502:
2499:
2498:
2494:
2491:
2488:
2485:
2482:
2479:
2476:
2473:
2470:
2467:
2464:
2461:
2458:
2455:
2453:
2450:
2449:
2445:
2442:
2439:
2436:
2433:
2430:
2427:
2424:
2421:
2418:
2415:
2412:
2409:
2406:
2404:
2401:
2400:
2396:
2393:
2390:
2387:
2384:
2381:
2378:
2375:
2372:
2369:
2366:
2363:
2360:
2357:
2355:
2352:
2351:
2348:
2347:2014 European
2345:
2343:
2340:
2338:
2337:2010 regional
2335:
2333:
2332:2009 European
2330:
2328:
2325:
2323:
2320:
2318:
2317:2005 regional
2315:
2313:
2312:2004 European
2310:
2308:
2305:
2303:
2302:2000 regional
2300:
2298:
2297:1999 European
2295:
2293:
2290:
2288:
2287:1995 regional
2285:
2283:
2280:
2278:
2277:
2274:
2272:
2261:
2260:MediaWiki.org
2257:
2252:
2243:
2242:
2239:
2237:
2233:
2229:
2225:
2221:
2217:
2207:
2205:
2201:
2196:
2194:
2190:
2186:
2182:
2178:
2173:
2171:
2167:
2166:bertinottiani
2163:
2159:
2158:Nichi Vendola
2155:
2154:bertinottiani
2151:
2147:
2143:
2139:
2138:Paolo Ferrero
2135:
2131:
2130:
2129:bertinottiani
2126:, a group of
2125:
2120:
2118:
2114:
2110:
2106:
2102:
2098:
2094:
2090:
2086:
2081:
2079:
2075:
2072:, formed the
2071:
2068:
2064:
2060:
2056:
2052:
2048:
2044:
2040:
2039:Critical Left
2036:
2032:
2028:
2024:
2020:
2013:
2009:
2004:
1997:
1992:
1983:
1981:
1977:
1973:
1967:
1965:
1961:
1956:
1954:
1950:
1946:
1942:
1938:
1933:
1931:
1927:
1922:
1920:
1916:
1912:
1907:
1905:
1901:
1897:
1892:
1890:
1886:
1882:
1878:
1868:
1866:
1862:
1857:
1855:
1854:bertinottiani
1851:
1850:
1845:
1840:
1838:
1834:
1831:(both former
1830:
1826:
1825:
1824:bertinottiani
1819:
1815:
1811:
1807:
1797:
1795:
1794:Critical Left
1791:
1787:
1783:
1779:
1775:
1774:Paolo Ferrero
1771:
1767:
1763:
1759:
1756:
1752:
1748:
1743:
1741:
1737:
1733:
1729:
1728:Nichi Vendola
1724:
1723:in May 2004.
1722:
1718:
1714:
1710:
1701:
1696:
1687:
1685:
1681:
1676:
1674:
1670:
1666:
1665:first cabinet
1662:
1657:
1655:
1649:
1647:
1643:
1642:first cabinet
1639:
1635:
1631:
1621:
1619:
1615:
1611:
1607:
1603:
1599:
1595:
1591:
1586:
1584:
1580:
1576:
1572:
1568:
1564:
1560:
1548:
1543:
1541:
1536:
1534:
1529:
1528:
1526:
1525:
1522:
1512:
1511:
1502:
1499:
1498:
1497:
1494:
1492:
1491:
1487:
1485:
1482:
1480:
1477:
1475:
1472:
1470:
1467:
1465:
1462:
1460:
1457:
1455:
1452:
1450:
1447:
1445:
1442:
1440:
1437:
1435:
1432:
1431:
1425:
1424:
1417:
1414:
1412:
1409:
1407:
1404:
1402:
1399:
1397:
1394:
1392:
1389:
1387:
1384:
1382:
1379:
1377:
1374:
1372:
1369:
1367:
1364:
1362:
1359:
1358:
1352:
1351:
1344:
1341:
1339:
1338:
1337:Volante Rossa
1334:
1332:
1329:
1327:
1324:
1322:
1319:
1317:
1314:
1310:
1307:
1306:
1305:
1302:
1300:
1297:
1295:
1292:
1290:
1287:
1285:
1282:
1280:
1277:
1273:
1270:
1269:
1268:
1265:
1263:
1260:
1258:
1257:Critical Left
1255:
1253:
1250:
1248:
1245:
1243:
1240:
1238:
1235:
1233:
1230:
1229:
1223:
1222:
1215:
1212:
1210:
1207:
1205:
1202:
1200:
1197:
1195:
1192:
1190:
1187:
1185:
1182:
1180:
1177:
1175:
1172:
1170:
1167:
1163:
1160:
1159:
1158:
1155:
1153:
1150:
1148:
1145:
1143:
1140:
1138:
1135:
1133:
1130:
1129:
1123:
1122:
1115:
1114:
1110:
1108:
1105:
1103:
1100:
1098:
1095:
1093:
1090:
1088:
1085:
1083:
1080:
1078:
1075:
1071:
1068:
1067:
1066:
1063:
1061:
1058:
1056:
1053:
1051:
1048:
1046:
1043:
1041:
1038:
1037:
1031:
1030:
1023:
1020:
1018:
1015:
1013:
1010:
1008:
1005:
1003:
1000:
998:
995:
993:
990:
988:
985:
981:
978:
976:
973:
972:
971:
968:
966:
963:
961:
958:
956:
953:
951:
950:Eurocommunism
948:
946:
943:
941:
938:
936:
933:
931:
928:
926:
923:
922:
916:
915:
908:
905:
903:
900:
896:
893:
891:
888:
886:
883:
881:
878:
876:
873:
872:
871:
870:Years of Lead
868:
866:
863:
861:
858:
856:
853:
851:
848:
846:
843:
841:
838:
836:
833:
831:
828:
824:
821:
820:
819:
816:
814:
813:Biennio Rosso
811:
809:
806:
805:
799:
798:
791:
788:
786:
785:Paolo Ferrero
783:
781:
780:Nichi Vendola
778:
776:
773:
771:
768:
766:
763:
761:
758:
756:
753:
751:
748:
746:
743:
741:
738:
736:
733:
731:
730:Renato Curcio
728:
726:
723:
721:
718:
716:
713:
711:
708:
706:
705:Antonio Negri
703:
701:
698:
696:
693:
691:
688:
686:
683:
681:
678:
676:
673:
671:
668:
666:
663:
661:
658:
656:
653:
651:
648:
646:
643:
641:
638:
636:
633:
631:
628:
626:
625:Onorato Damen
623:
621:
618:
616:
613:
611:
608:
606:
603:
601:
598:
596:
593:
591:
588:
586:
583:
581:
578:
576:
573:
571:
568:
566:
565:Carlo Cafiero
563:
561:
558:
557:
551:
550:
546:
542:
541:
538:
534:
531:
530:
526:
522:
521:
514:
500:
498:
494:
490:
486:
482:
478:
473:
471:
467:
463:
459:
455:
454:Paolo Ferrero
451:
447:
443:
440:
436:
432:
428:
424:
411:
408:
406:
403:
401:
398:
397:
394:
390:
385:
382:.rifondazione
376:
371:
367:
362:
357:
349:
347:
341:
333:
331:
327:
319:
317:
313:
305:
303:
299:
296:
290:
286:
283:
280:
276:
271:
268:
266:
262:
258:
254:
252:
248:
244:
239:
234:
229:
224:
219:
214:
209:
204:
199:
194:
191:
187:
184:
180:
177:
175:
171:
168:
165:
163:
159:
155:
148:
145:
142:
140:
136:
130:
127:
122:
114:
113:
109:
105:
102:
98:
94:
91:
88:
84:
78:
74:
71:
68:
64:
61:
58:
56:
52:
48:
43:
31:
19:
8698:
8620:Lothar Bisky
8547:Lothar Bisky
8450:Enhedslisten
8377:Marxist Left
8101:
7927:
7842:
7790:
7723:
7718:Transnistria
7716:
7709:
7692:
7645:
7638:
7621:
7614:
7572:
7565:
7548:
7531:
7514:
7507:
7500:
7483:
7476:
7469:
7452:
7445:
7418:
7413:
7396:
7374:
7337:
7315:
7308:
7281:
7254:
7232:
7225:
7198:
7191:
7184:
7167:
7156:Poble Lliure
7145:
7123:
7116:
7099:
7082:
7075:
7058:
7041:
7034:
7017:
7010:
6896:Sicilia Vera
6747:South Tyrol
6671:For Autonomy
6615:Forza Italia
6548:Us Moderates
6541:Green Europe
6536:Italian Left
6513:Forza Italia
6499:(29) (incl.
6414:Us Moderates
6402:Italian Left
6397:Green Europe
6372:(46) (incl.
6370:Forza Italia
6346:(71) (incl.
6252:
6145:Culturalists
6120:
6112:
6104:
6096:
6090:Publications
6025:Edoardo Pema
5845:
5688:HammerSickle
5519:
5424:
5372:
5347:
5333:
5321:
5309:
5297:
5285:
5274:. Retrieved
5270:the original
5260:
5248:
5236:
5225:. Retrieved
5221:the original
5211:
5195:
5184:. Retrieved
5180:the original
5170:
5156:
5142:
5128:
5114:
5100:
5088:. Retrieved
5084:the original
5079:
5070:
5058:. Retrieved
5053:
5044:
5032:. Retrieved
5027:
5018:
5004:
4990:
4976:
4962:
4950:
4931:
4917:
4903:
4887:
4871:
4840:. Retrieved
4836:
4826:
4815:
4806:
4792:
4780:. Retrieved
4776:the original
4771:
4761:
4751:
4731:
4724:
4704:
4697:
4677:
4670:
4650:
4643:
4623:
4616:
4608:
4603:
4598:
4578:
4571:
4561:
4552:
4543:
4493:Luigi Marino
4390:2011–present
4325:
3844:
2794:
2745:
2696:
2647:
2598:
2549:
2500:
2451:
2402:
2353:
2346:
2342:2013 general
2341:
2336:
2331:
2327:2008 general
2326:
2322:2006 general
2321:
2316:
2311:
2307:2001 general
2306:
2301:
2296:
2292:1996 general
2291:
2286:
2282:1994 general
2281:
2268:
2213:
2197:
2193:Italian Left
2174:
2165:
2153:
2127:
2121:
2093:Romano Prodi
2082:
2047:HammerSickle
2016:
1968:
1957:
1953:Italian Left
1945:Paola Nugnes
1934:
1923:
1908:
1893:
1874:
1858:
1853:
1847:
1843:
1841:
1836:
1822:
1810:Rainbow Left
1803:
1755:centre-right
1744:
1730:, an openly
1725:
1705:
1677:
1658:
1653:
1650:
1646:Romano Prodi
1636:, the major
1627:
1587:
1556:
1488:
1366:il manifesto
1335:
1331:Red Brigades
1156:
1111:
1045:Anti-fascism
1007:Post-Marxism
700:Mario Tronti
675:Livio Maitan
660:Luciano Lama
474:
434:
422:
420:
132:(since 2020)
119:
110:
96:Headquarters
8656:Klaus Ernst
8630:Manon Aubry
8625:Gabi Zimmer
8580:Guido Fanti
8557:Gregor Gysi
7711:Switzerland
7509:Netherlands
6872:Basilicata
6701:Renaissance
6519:Italia Viva
6428:(2) (incl.
6426:More Europe
6386:Italia Viva
6281:(1976–1980)
6275:(1947–1948)
6214:Derivatives
6205:Migliorismo
6125:(1944–1991)
6117:(1948–1953)
6109:(1946–1978)
6101:(1924–1991)
6078:(1989–1991)
6072:(1984–1989)
6066:(1980–1984)
6064:Guido Fanti
6060:(1979–1980)
6039:(1986–1991)
6033:(1983–1986)
6027:(1973–1986)
6021:(1958–1973)
6015:(1948–1958)
5994:(1990–1991)
5988:(1986–1990)
5982:(1981–1986)
5976:(1979–1981)
5970:(1972–1979)
5964:(1964–1972)
5958:(1947–1964)
5952:(1946–1947)
5950:Luigi Longo
5931:(1990–1991)
5925:(1989–1990)
5919:(1972–1980)
5917:Luigi Longo
5902:(1988–1991)
5896:(1984–1988)
5890:(1972–1984)
5884:(1964–1972)
5882:Luigi Longo
5878:(1938–1964)
5872:(1934–1938)
5866:(1930–1934)
5860:(1927–1930)
5854:(1924–1927)
5848:(1923–1924)
5842:(1922–1923)
5766:(2017–2018)
5754:(2012–2013)
5748:(2008–2012)
5742:(2008–2009)
5736:(2007–2008)
5730:(2005–2007)
5668:The Ernesto
5521:Liberazione
5465:(2008–2017)
5459:(2006–2008)
5453:(1994–2006)
5447:(1991–1994)
5436:Secretaries
5359:(IdV), the
4520:Luigi Vinci
4511:(2006–2008)
4472:(2006–2008)
4454:Lucio Magri
4445:(1991–1998)
4441:President:
4401:Secretary:
3930:United Left
3918:South Tyrol
2256:Phabricator
2136:and led by
2109:The Ernesto
2035:Trotskyists
1837:cossuttiani
1778:Afghanistan
1654:cossuttiani
1612:formed the
1606:Lucio Magri
1376:Il Pioniere
1361:Liberazione
1002:Neo-Marxism
992:Migliorismo
760:Paolo Virno
650:Nilde Iotti
635:Luigi Longo
230:(2017–2018)
220:(2012–2013)
215:(2009–2012)
205:(2004–2008)
195:(1994–1995)
150:Membership
124: [
121:Su la testa
116:(1991–2014)
112:Liberazione
8712:Categories
8474:Munkáspárt
8348:Der Wandel
8225:Left Unity
7616:San Marino
7478:Luxembourg
7353:Anasintaxi
7059:Azerbaijan
5822:Leadership
5276:2017-12-27
5227:2009-02-03
5186:2017-08-15
4396:Leadership
4354:1991–1998
4210:Basilicata
4159:into Terra
2067:Trotskyist
1444:Bella ciao
1262:Front Line
1137:CARC Party
1113:Subalterns
1107:Solidarity
1102:Secularism
1034:Principles
1012:Trotskyism
930:Autonomism
919:Ideologies
875:Hot Autumn
359:Party flag
198:Olive Tree
139:Youth wing
8360:Ensemble!
8260:AKEL/ΑΚΕΛ
8066:Die Linke
7686:PCE (m-l)
7588:ROT Front
7484:Macedonia
7453:Lithuania
7348:KKE (m-l)
7001:in Europe
6997:Orthodox
6902:Sardinia
6842:Campania
6781:La Civica
6716:La Civica
6707:Trentino
6697:Lombardy
6691:Moderates
6687:Piedmont
6661:Edelweiss
6572:Campobase
6266:Alliances
6195:Bordigism
6122:Rinascita
6114:Pattuglia
6106:Vie Nuove
5910:President
5728:The Union
5715:Alliances
5670:(2011) /
4842:5 January
4378:2004–2011
4366:1999–2004
3607:EP Group
3589:Election
1751:The Union
1416:Vie Nuove
1401:Rinascita
1371:Pattuglia
1022:Workerism
980:Stalinism
935:Bordigism
890:Moro case
533:Communism
456:in 2017.
439:communist
410:Elections
344:Regional
179:Left-wing
167:Communism
107:Newspaper
55:Secretary
8665:See also
8389:Táncsics
8114:Déi Lénk
7816:CPGB-PCC
7622:Slovakia
7549:Portugal
7151:Endavant
7124:Bulgaria
7105:PvdA/PTB
7012:Abkhazia
6926:Possible
6817:Abruzzo
6771:JWA List
6180:Tolyatti
5770:The Left
5367:and the
5090:10 March
5028:today.it
4939:Archived
4782:20 April
4268:Sardinia
4149:Campania
3950:Trentino
3888:Lombardy
3411:27 / 315
3337:11 / 315
3300:18 / 315
3265:20 / 315
3052:41 / 630
3015:11 / 630
2978:35 / 630
2941:39 / 630
2909:35 / 630
2746:Calabria
2648:Campania
2403:Lombardy
2354:Piedmont
2226:and the
2008:Castello
1986:Factions
1964:The Left
1849:leghismo
1816:and the
1804:For the
1386:La Plebe
1082:Feminism
965:Leninism
525:a series
523:Part of
346:Councils
233:The Left
183:far-left
162:Ideology
8462:SYN/ΣΥΝ
7939:Parties
7863:Borotba
7843:Ukraine
7826:RCPB-ML
7806:CPGB-ML
7729:1920TKP
7567:Romania
7502:Moldova
7397:Ireland
7385:MM 2006
7375:Hungary
7358:M-L KKE
7316:Germany
7310:Georgia
7282:Galicia
7233:Finland
7199:Denmark
7168:Croatia
7100:Belgium
7083:Belarus
7042:Austria
7036:Armenia
7018:Albania
6882:Sicily
6862:Apulia
6827:Molise
6792:Veneto
6175:AvtoVAZ
6098:l'Unità
5488:General
5355:(SDI),
5060:16 June
5034:16 June
4768:"Italy"
4341:Symbols
4051:Tuscany
3867:Region
3769:GUE/NGL
3672:GUE/NGL
3592:Leader
3561:0 / 200
3526:0 / 315
3491:0 / 315
3451:0 / 315
3374:5 / 315
3247:Leader
3202:0 / 400
3167:0 / 630
3132:0 / 630
3092:0 / 630
2891:Leader
2550:Tuscany
2258:and on
2172:(RpS).
1958:In the
1935:In the
1909:In the
1894:In the
1875:In the
1867:(SEL).
1782:Lebanon
1772:, with
1745:In the
1667:led by
1644:led by
1501:Craxism
1411:l'Unità
1406:Società
802:History
503:History
487:of the
437:) is a
427:Italian
373:Website
352:0 / 896
322:0 / 200
308:0 / 400
288:Colours
76:Founded
66:Founder
8167:Levica
8078:Syriza
8008:Levice
7853:KPU(o)
7821:CPB-ML
7724:Turkey
7693:Sweden
7676:PCE(r)
7573:Russia
7532:Poland
7515:Norway
7447:Latvia
7439:PCIM-L
7338:Greece
7255:France
7186:Cyprus
6756:Greens
6751:Team K
6525:Action
6380:Action
5760:(2014)
5724:(1994)
5702:(2016)
5694:(2016)
5682:(2013)
5674:(2016)
5662:(2009)
5650:(2007)
5642:(2006)
5630:(2006)
5622:(1998)
5614:(1995)
5363:, the
4957:(PDF).
4739:
4712:
4685:
4658:
4631:
4586:
4477:Senate
4285:0 / 60
4255:0 / 70
4239:Sicily
4226:0 / 21
4197:0 / 51
4178:Apulia
4165:0 / 51
4136:0 / 51
4101:0 / 31
4085:Marche
4067:0 / 41
4033:0 / 50
3996:0 / 51
3980:Veneto
3967:0 / 35
3937:0 / 35
3905:0 / 80
3879:Seats
3873:Votes
3824:0 / 76
3793:0 / 76
3755:1 / 73
3724:0 / 72
3691:5 / 78
3658:4 / 87
3630:5 / 87
3601:Seats
3595:Votes
3241:Seats
3235:Votes
2885:Seats
2879:Votes
2843:(2008)
2828:(2006)
2816:(2001)
2804:(1996)
2795:Sicily
2697:Apulia
2452:Veneto
2195:(SI).
2012:Venice
1998:, 2007
1955:(SI).
1788:, the
1740:Apulia
975:Maoism
554:People
485:member
336:0 / 73
316:Senate
292:
235:(2019)
225:(2014)
210:(2008)
156:11,496
152:(2019)
8325:Sortu
7984:BL/БЛ
7646:Spain
7632:VZDOR
7603:AUCPB
7414:Italy
7390:MSZMP
7134:BKP-M
7069:AYNKP
6676:Mouv'
6501:Fassa
6348:DemoS
6340:(117)
4535:Notes
4316:Into
4188:into
4119:Lazio
4024:into
3928:into
3816:Into
3785:Into
3747:Into
3719:3.39
3686:6.06
3653:4.27
3625:6.08
3550:into
3515:into
3480:into
3440:into
3289:into
3191:into
3156:into
3121:into
3081:into
2599:Lazio
1717:Italy
1355:Media
537:Italy
282:IMCWP
203:Union
128:]
8522:B.E.
8272:KSČM
8189:EUiA
8126:PCRM
8037:Vas.
7858:KPRS
7811:NCPB
7784:TSİP
7779:TKİP
7759:SYKP
7744:EMEP
7666:PCOE
7661:PCTE
7656:PCPE
7593:RCWP
7578:CPRF
7559:PCTP
7537:PZPR
7525:Rødt
7494:STLS
7434:PMLI
7331:MLPD
7302:PCPG
7275:PRCF
7265:PCRF
7209:KPiD
7023:PKSH
6786:Vita
6621:Lega
6605:(21)
6599:(24)
6515:(20)
6509:(26)
6497:Lega
6493:(37)
6487:(66)
6382:(12)
6374:NPSI
6366:(50)
6360:(66)
6358:Lega
6350:and
5092:2018
5062:2018
5036:2018
4844:2007
4784:2019
4737:ISBN
4710:ISBN
4683:ISBN
4656:ISBN
4629:ISBN
4584:ISBN
4280:0.6
4273:2019
4244:2017
4215:2019
4183:2020
4154:2020
4131:0.7
4124:2023
4090:2020
4056:2020
4019:2020
3985:2020
3962:0.5
3955:2023
3923:2018
3900:1.4
3893:2023
3882:+/−
3850:PdCI
3812:2024
3776:2019
3743:2014
3707:2009
3679:2004
3646:1999
3635:New
3613:1994
3604:+/–
3546:2022
3511:2018
3476:2013
3436:2008
3406:7.4
3399:2006
3369:5.0
3362:2001
3332:2.9
3325:1996
3285:1994
3260:6.5
3253:1992
3244:+/−
3187:2022
3152:2018
3117:2013
3077:2008
3047:5.8
3040:2006
3010:5.0
3003:2001
2973:8.5
2966:1996
2936:6.0
2929:1994
2904:5.6
2897:1992
2888:+/−
2850:3.6
2841:4.9
2814:2.4
2802:4.3
2789:4.2
2756:10.0
2740:4.3
2691:3.8
2642:4.7
2609:10.4
2593:5.1
2560:12.5
2557:11.1
2554:10.1
2544:4.1
2495:2.8
2446:3.5
2397:4.1
2364:10.3
2140:and
2045:and
1996:Rome
1885:MEPs
1792:and
1608:and
1309:FGCI
1272:FGCI
421:The
101:Rome
8486:RCS
8438:PCB
8313:KSS
8301:BKP
8296:YKP
8213:SOL
8184:PCE
8143:PSR
8131:PCP
8102:PRC
8054:GRS
8049:PCF
8032:SKP
8020:EÜV
7960:KPÖ
7848:KPU
7836:CPS
7801:RCG
7796:CPB
7774:TKP
7769:TKH
7764:TİP
7754:MKP
7749:HKP
7739:EHP
7734:ESP
7703:SKP
7671:PTD
7651:PCE
7627:KSS
7598:UCP
7554:PCP
7542:KPP
7520:NKP
7489:SKM
7463:SLF
7458:LKP
7424:PCI
7419:PRC
7407:CPI
7402:WPI
7380:MKM
7368:NAR
7363:ΚΟΕ
7343:KKE
7326:KPD
7321:DKP
7297:FPG
7292:MGS
7287:UPG
7270:PRC
7260:PCF
7243:SKP
7238:KTP
7219:AKP
7214:DKP
7173:SRP
7139:SKB
7129:KPB
7088:CPB
7064:AKP
7052:PdA
7047:KPÖ
6635:(1)
6629:(6)
6623:(8)
6617:(8)
6611:(8)
6580:(1)
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3639:EUL
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3158:PaP
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2838:2.2
2835:2.6
2832:3.2
2823:3.6
2820:3.2
2811:2.2
2808:7.0
2786:2.9
2783:4.0
2780:6.7
2777:3.2
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2768:5.8
2765:3.4
2762:3.0
2759:4.3
2753:8.7
2750:9.3
2737:2.4
2734:3.3
2731:3.3
2728:3.0
2725:5.7
2722:5.1
2719:6.0
2716:4.7
2713:3.6
2710:3.3
2707:7.5
2704:8.1
2701:7.0
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2685:1.6
2682:3.8
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2676:6.1
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2667:4.8
2664:3.8
2661:4.0
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2655:9.2
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2639:2.6
2636:2.7
2633:3.7
2630:3.3
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2624:5.9
2621:7.1
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2615:5.4
2612:4.9
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2483:2.2
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2376:6.6
2373:5.9
2370:5.5
2367:4.6
2361:9.3
2358:5.9
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