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contacts – are the older "prescientific" ones. They have influence not because of expertise or controlling positions in major corporate structures, but because of personal characteristics – their friendships and associations with common men (typically as voters) in the community. They reflect the hostility of their marginally "have" constituents to demands for change which threaten their economic position or social status.
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What I have tried to suggest is that however humanely inclined they may be as individuals, Hartford
Parochials are fundamentally "reactionary", reacting against a new orthodoxy, a new expertise, a new complexity, and for them a new and diminished status. Parochialism is a "reactionary" ideology in a
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The term "parochial" can be applied in both culture and economics if a local culture or geographic area's government makes decisions based on solely local interests that do not take into account the effect of the decision on the broader community. The term may also be applied to decisions and events
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There will be a strong temptation to draw from my construction a picture of
Parochials as the bad guys of the new ideological struggle. This is not intended. The response of Parochials probably is as "reasonable", given their sociopolitical position, as is that of Cosmopolitans in light of theirs.
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They are, typically, small businessmen and locally oriented professionals who have spent all or most of their lives in the community and whose horizons and connections are narrow and limited to it. Their orthodoxies – partly due to less formal training and partly because of their associations and
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Parochialism can be found around the world and has sometimes been acknowledged by local institutions. For example, in a change of curriculum on
February 7, 2007, Harvard University said that one of the main purposes of the major curriculum overhaul (the first in three decades) was to overcome
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is an organizing principle that matters ought to be handled by the smallest, lowest or least centralized competent authority. The Oxford
English Dictionary defines subsidiarity as the idea that a central authority should have a subsidiary function, performing only those tasks which cannot be
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is that which supports local production and consumption of goods, local control of government, and local culture and identity. Localist politics have been approached from many directions by different groups. Nevertheless, localism can generally be described as related to
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is used to describe political activity that is more evidently concerned with addressing the immediate needs of the local electorate than with strategy that might affect their long-term well-being. It is more often applied with the term
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The dichotomy between parochialism and cosmopolitanism, as well as provincialism and cosmopolitanism, has been challenged in recent debates aimed at highlighting the empowering value of the parochial and the local.
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is the state of mind whereby one focuses on small sections of an issue rather than considering its wider context. More generally, it consists of being narrow in scope. In that respect, it is a synonym of
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406:, one that has muffled traditional economic tensions, accumulated scientific knowledge about agonizing social problems, and acquired a staggering body of technical expertise.
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area. For context, he introduced the "conventional dichotomy" of liberal versus conservative in political thought, and contrasts this with an alternative dimension of
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that are considered to be trivial in the grand scheme of things but that may be overemphasized in a smaller community, such as disputes between neighbors.
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Educational
Research and Innovation Languages in a Global World Learning for Better Cultural Understanding: Learning for Better Cultural Understanding
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American "parochialisms", referring in this case to a national point of view rather than one concerned with any particular small community.
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which refers to an underhanded shady individual who is interested in making a profit for him/herself.
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Gosetti, Valentina, Walsh, Adrian, & Finch-Race, Daniel A. (2022) "Reclaiming provincialism", in
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Ladd describes a parochial leader in terms of their largely local attachments:
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Ideology in
America: Change and Response in a City, a Suburb, and a small Town
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He makes clear that he does not demonize the adherents of parochialism:
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Della Chiesa Bruno, Scott
Jessica, Hinton Christina (April 24, 2012).
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versus parochialism. Ladd acknowledges the anticipation by
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performed effectively at a more immediate or local level.
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Events, groups and decisions within a parish are based
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385:of this localist versus cosmopolitan dichotomy.
189:. There might be a discussion about this on
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313:Terminology
255:. The term
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431:Groupthink
369:published
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291:churches.
273:Late Latin
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199:April 2018
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415:See also
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