3396:
3204:
3609:
as head of the holy
Catholic Church." In 1994 he wrote a document that he apparently planned to read aloud, which explained that he had determined he could not resign merely because of age, as other bishops are required to do, but only "in the presence of an incurable illness or an impediment", and that he would therefore continue in office. He prayed in his will, written in 2000, that God "would help me to recognise how long I must continue this service", suggesting that renunciation was possible. In the weeks before his death in 2005, there was press speculation that John Paul might resign because of his failing health.
3443:
26:
3491:
3260:
3166:
6233:
6245:
2593:
3351:
3071:
3117:
3026:
3307:
4153:
I declare that I renounce the ministry of Bishop of Rome, Successor of Saint Peter, entrusted to me by the cardinals on 19 April 2005, in such a way, that as from 28 February 2013, at 20:00 hours, the See of Rome, the See of Saint Peter, will be vacant and a conclave to elect the new
Supreme Pontiff
3645:
who is kidnapped while asleep, told his parents had died, converts to
Catholicism, becomes a priest and is elected Pope but then engineers a meeting with Mainz Jews, discovers his rabbi father is still alive when he appears, before admitting to his father that he is his long-lost son, abdicates from
3608:
wrote a letter in 1989 offering to resign if he became incapacitated. The first said that if ill health or some other unforeseen difficulty prevented him from "sufficiently carrying out the functions of my apostolic ministry … I renounce my sacred and canonical office, both as bishop of Rome as well
3601:
was published. He wrote that "In case of infirmity, which is believed to be incurable or is of long duration and which impedes us from sufficiently exercising the functions of our apostolic ministry; or in the case of another serious and prolonged impediment", he renounced his office "both as bishop
2658:
voluntarily resigns his position. As a pope's time in office has conventionally lasted from his election until his death, a papal renunciation is an uncommon event. Before the 21st century, only five popes unambiguously resigned with historical certainty, all between the 10th and 15th centuries.
2672:
were "deposed", meaning driven from office by force. The history and canonical question here is complicated; generally, the official
Vatican list of popes seems to recognize such "depositions" as valid renunciations if the pope acquiesced, but not if he did not. The later development of
2852:
to have been a legitimate pope in the intervening months (meaning that
Benedict IX must be considered to have validly resigned by acquiescing to the deposition in 1044). Then, in 1045, having regained the papacy for a few months, in order to rid the church of the scandalous Benedict,
2865:, and when Clement died, Benedict IX returned to be elected to the papacy for a third time, only to resign yet again before dying in a monastery. He was thus pope for three non-consecutive periods of time, and either resigned or was deposed three times.
2773:
Both the 1983 code and the 1917 code make explicit that there is no particular individual or body of people to whom the pope must manifest his renunciation. This addresses a concern raised in earlier centuries, specifically by 18th-century canonist
3333:
Earliest renunciation recognized in the ordering of popes. He was pope on three occasions between 1032 and 1048. One of the youngest popes, he was the only man to have been pope on more than one occasion and the only man ever to have sold the
2798:, anticipated the possibility of resignation when he specified that the procedures he set out in that document should be observed "even if the vacancy of the Apostolic See should occur as a result of the resignation of the Supreme Pontiff".
3617:
Canon law makes no provision for a pope being incapacitated by reason of health, either temporarily or permanently; nor does it specify what body has the authority to certify that the pope is incapacitated. It does state that "When the
839:
4250:
2491:
4077:
2751:(In English: If it happens that the Roman Pontiff resigns his office, it is required for validity that the resignation be made freely and properly manifested but not that it is accepted by anyone.)
4283:
2857:
gave
Benedict "valuable possessions" to resign the papacy in his favour. Gregory himself resigned in 1046 because the arrangement he had entered into with Benedict could have been considered
1592:
4501:
Can. 332 - § 2. Si contingat ut
Romanus Pontifex muneri suo renuntiet, ad validitatem requiritur ut renuntiatio libere fiat et rite manifestetur, non vero ut a quopiam acceptetur.
3597:, whose name was not specified. Pope John Paul II showed them to Re, and they were shown to Pope Benedict XVI in 2003. In 2018, Paul's letter dated 2 May 1965 and addressed to the
2769:(In English: If it happens that the Roman Pontiff resigns his office, it is not required for validity that the resignation is accepted by the Cardinals or by anyone else.)
2877:, in 1294. After only five months as pope, he issued a solemn decree declaring it permissible for a pope to resign, and then did so himself. He lived two more years as a
4260:
2304:
3288:, who then became a valid pope. Benedict's abdication is considered valid. Retained the rank of deacon. Lived out the rest of his life in Hamburg under the care of
3422:
With no administrative experience, Celestine fell under the control of secular politicians. To protect the church, he resigned. He was the first pope to establish
2749:
Si contingat ut
Romanus Pontifex muneri suo renuntiet, ad validitatem requiritur ut renuntiatio libere fiat et rite manifestetur, non vero ut a quopiam acceptetur.
3847:
2003:
2786:
must be informed, since the cardinals must be absolutely certain that the pope has renounced the dignity before they can validly proceed to elect a successor.
1993:
2659:
Additionally, there are disputed claims of four popes having resigned, dating from the 3rd to the 11th centuries; a fifth disputed case may have involved an
1998:
4085:
6181:
3589:
handwrote two letters in the late 1960s or 1970, well before his death, in anticipation of an incapacitating illness. One letter was addressed to the
2889:. Celestine's decree, and Boniface concurring (not revoking it), ended any doubt among canonists about the possibility of a valid papal renunciation.
3395:
1177:
1129:
1026:
132:
3236:
acquiesced to his first deposition and that the new election was valid. Sylvester returned to his old bishopric, seemingly accepting the deposition.
1689:
834:
829:
3807:
Can. 221. Si contingat ut
Romanus Pontifex renuntiet, ad eiusdem renuntiationis validitatem non est necessaria Cardinalium aliorumve acceptatio.
2202:
3328:
Deposed briefly from his first term as pope, bribed to resign his second term after several reputed scandals, and also resigned his third term
1535:
956:
2621:
605:
6050:
2227:
6276:
2474:
2085:
2767:
Si contingat ut
Romanus Pontifex renuntiet, ad eiusdem renuntiationis validitatem non est necessaria Cardinalium aliorumve acceptatio.
576:
34:
2022:
2017:
1751:
1746:
1731:
1516:
1491:
1455:
774:
6044:
1170:
612:
4456:
4361:
1574:
740:
550:
86:
6109:
4191:
4166:
3833:
2963:
popes have held the position from election until death. He said he was motivated by his declining health due to old age. The
2171:
1790:
1466:
1413:
556:
3563:
200:
6211:
3664:
1511:
1436:
3729:
6187:
1448:
1055:
752:
4054:
3764:
4388:
3978:
3825:
1988:
1736:
1545:
1477:
746:
712:
3598:
3508:
2931:
2783:
2730:
2697:
2614:
2147:
1306:
872:
803:
256:
42:
4562:
4335:
2119:
2065:
1741:
1501:
1404:
1207:
1045:
983:
877:
757:
263:
4309:
6286:
4616:
4482:
4214:
2518:
2484:
1706:
277:
270:
4006:
3203:
2497:
1899:
1711:
1651:
1506:
1349:
1050:
473:
250:
2904:, which had reached the point where there were three claimants to the papal throne: Roman Pope Gregory XII,
6291:
6205:
2334:
1962:
1423:
1007:
925:
3622:
is vacant, or completely impeded, no innovation is to be made in the governance of the universal Church."
6034:
3594:
2674:
2607:
2469:
1919:
1877:
1850:
1775:
1701:
1696:
1684:
1523:
1460:
1343:
127:
4611:
3277:
2513:
2389:
2033:
1389:
1354:
1282:
542:
414:
295:
25:
4591:
2571:
2262:
1197:
1088:
940:
458:
3786:
This translation uses the word "resign", with the added words "his office", though the Latin uses
2794:
2216:
2104:
1244:
1237:
1232:
1082:
862:
4596:
3774:
3578:
3408:
2848:
in 1044, and though he returned to take up the office again the next year, the Vatican considers
2314:
2176:
2142:
1968:
1270:
912:
312:
300:
235:
165:
107:
3911:
571:
6249:
3956:
3089:
2908:
2790:
2756:
2734:
2562:
2508:
2269:
2080:
1980:
1862:
1812:
1275:
1095:
1014:
970:
846:
821:
779:
699:
646:
625:
600:
504:
489:
400:
242:
187:
179:
138:
61:
3054:, which records his renunciation as 28 September 235, the earliest exact date in papal history
6025:
4181:
3962:
3940:
3917:
3881:
3714:
2940:
2808:
2255:
2043:
2038:
1855:
1603:
660:
653:
358:
222:
172:
114:
2099:
3934:
3875:
3817:
3590:
3582:
3567:
3468:
2964:
2919:
2779:
2379:
2340:
2165:
2114:
1974:
1934:
1579:
1443:
1332:
1326:
1313:
1165:
1159:
1040:
856:
810:
688:
524:
332:
290:
840:
Note on the importance of the internal forum and the inviolability of the Sacramental Seal
8:
6271:
5890:
5273:
4555:
4255:
3638:
3472:
2915:
2503:
2384:
2351:
2324:
2319:
2181:
2156:
2070:
1761:
1639:
1264:
1250:
1225:
1220:
1060:
798:
793:
674:
4416:
Why He Is a Saint: The Life and Faith of Pope John Paul II and the Case for Canonization
3442:
6169:
6163:
6058:
5910:
5905:
5870:
5739:
5719:
5639:
5538:
5513:
5503:
5403:
5388:
4912:
4640:
3210:
3050:
2882:
2849:
2597:
1819:
1766:
1399:
1394:
1147:
951:
851:
815:
632:
518:
325:
100:
4429:
3547:(1800–1823) signed a document of renunciation to take effect if he were imprisoned in
6281:
6244:
6077:
6010:
6005:
5925:
5920:
5895:
5829:
5804:
5784:
5744:
5694:
5659:
5614:
5579:
5569:
5559:
5543:
5528:
5488:
5473:
5443:
5368:
5348:
5308:
5193:
5047:
4992:
4846:
4478:
4187:
4081:
3829:
3821:
3708:
3605:
3497:
3321:
3142:
2741:
2668:
2542:
2399:
2394:
2364:
2249:
2135:
1867:
1598:
1584:
1483:
1362:
1318:
1212:
1113:
1108:
1065:
1020:
785:
681:
498:
365:
121:
77:
3562:
drew up a document ordering that his resignation take effect immediately if he were
6064:
6000:
5975:
5955:
5930:
5915:
5885:
5824:
5819:
5769:
5699:
5689:
5669:
5644:
5634:
5629:
5624:
5574:
5533:
5483:
5478:
5468:
5448:
5438:
5398:
5343:
5318:
5293:
5268:
5258:
5248:
5233:
5132:
5112:
5102:
5067:
5002:
4997:
4977:
4937:
4877:
4816:
4801:
4796:
4731:
4716:
4691:
4681:
4531:
3669:
3449:
3403:
3377:
3313:
3078:
2897:
2874:
2841:
2817:
2548:
2528:
2479:
2452:
2436:
2369:
1795:
1103:
1075:
734:
727:
453:
307:
144:
93:
70:
4503:
1957:
900:
6103:
6070:
5990:
5900:
5875:
5865:
5860:
5855:
5779:
5714:
5679:
5664:
5599:
5589:
5564:
5518:
5498:
5463:
5453:
5433:
5418:
5413:
5408:
5383:
5378:
5328:
5313:
5238:
5218:
5198:
5183:
5178:
5158:
5122:
5107:
5027:
5012:
5007:
4972:
4962:
4947:
4907:
4897:
4882:
4872:
4862:
4726:
4671:
4575:
3357:
3266:
3172:
2939:'s renunciation of the papacy took effect on 28 February 2013 at 20:00 (8:00 pm)
2912:
2854:
2825:
2775:
2726:
2678:
2655:
2578:
2555:
2533:
2426:
2416:
1929:
1924:
1611:
1367:
767:
617:
529:
285:
4515:
4497:
3641:, a Jewish legend about a Jewish boy in the Middle Ages from the German town of
2713:
is not used in the official documents of the church for renunciation by a pope.
6237:
6193:
6175:
6144:
6138:
6130:
6124:
6118:
5950:
5880:
5814:
5764:
5754:
5734:
5709:
5654:
5649:
5619:
5594:
5523:
5508:
5493:
5428:
5373:
5363:
5338:
5223:
5213:
5208:
5203:
5173:
5168:
5163:
5097:
5082:
5017:
4982:
4952:
4922:
4917:
4902:
4836:
4811:
4786:
4776:
4771:
4766:
4756:
4676:
4666:
4548:
4540:
4031:
3803:
3460:
3134:
2960:
2952:
2905:
2901:
2639:
2523:
2492:
Congregation for Institutes of Consecrated Life and Societies of Apostolic Life
2464:
2243:
2095:
1842:
1782:
1726:
1721:
1562:
935:
930:
639:
581:
428:
377:
318:
158:
3490:
3259:
6265:
5985:
5965:
5940:
5809:
5774:
5749:
5704:
5684:
5609:
5604:
5584:
5458:
5393:
5353:
5333:
5323:
5228:
5137:
5092:
5042:
5037:
5032:
4987:
4967:
4957:
4932:
4892:
4841:
4831:
4826:
4806:
4761:
4721:
4706:
4686:
4628:
4586:
3559:
3544:
3520:
3285:
3123:
2943:(19:00 UTC), after being announced on the morning of 11 February by the
2845:
2821:
2431:
2421:
2404:
2276:
2189:
1666:
1645:
1568:
1418:
1257:
421:
151:
4136:
4110:
3910:
6199:
6015:
5995:
5980:
5960:
5945:
5935:
5794:
5789:
5729:
5724:
5674:
5358:
5303:
5298:
5253:
5243:
5142:
5117:
5087:
5022:
4942:
4867:
4781:
4746:
4741:
4736:
4696:
4477:. Montréal: Wilson & Lafleur Limitée. 1993. p. note on canon 335.
3955:
3632:
3586:
3555:
3033:
2968:
2936:
2886:
2813:
2722:
2689:
2685:
2374:
2283:
1893:
1656:
1618:
1556:
1292:
1192:
892:
667:
207:
4506:(Code of Canon Law, canons 331-335), Vatican-supplied English translation.
5970:
5850:
5845:
5799:
5423:
5288:
5283:
5188:
5127:
5072:
5062:
5057:
4927:
4751:
4701:
4656:
4217:. pp. from Theosodr Mommsen, MGH Chronica Minora I (1892), pp. 73–76
3233:
3221:
2992:
2956:
2948:
2701:
2237:
1914:
1904:
1379:
962:
406:
393:
2824:(352–366), and mentions that one (unspecified) catalogue of popes lists
2707:
Despite its common usage in discussion of papal renunciations, the term
6084:
5759:
5278:
5263:
5077:
5052:
4887:
4791:
4711:
4661:
4603:
3933:
3874:
3165:
2862:
2709:
2459:
2075:
1952:
1909:
1887:
1835:
1828:
1540:
1472:
1372:
906:
384:
4821:
3423:
2012:
1872:
1384:
1186:
1001:
882:
762:
719:
561:
371:
4251:"Vatican planned to move to Portugal if Nazis captured wartime Pope"
3088:
Said to have been tainted by offerings to the pagan gods during the
2967:
to select his successor began on 12 March 2013 and elected Cardinal
2840:
The first historically unquestionable papal renunciation is that of
4623:
3619:
3571:
3540:
3229:
2944:
2693:
2660:
2592:
1882:
1661:
887:
694:
3761:, "duty", and the English says "office", which is a close synonym.
1593:
Philosophy, theology, and fundamental theory of Catholic canon law
3707:
3289:
2196:
1529:
1301:
1287:
1070:
1032:
994:
566:
466:
228:
4032:"BBC News - Benedict XVI: 10 things about the Pope's retirement"
4005:
Davies, Lizzy; Hooper, John; Connelly, Kate (11 February 2013).
3757:, to renounce, but the English says resign. Also the Latin says
3566:, as was thought likely in August 1943. It was thought that the
3530:
3232:. The official Vatican list includes him however, which assumes
4284:"The autographed letters with Paul VI's preventive resignation"
4055:"Pope Benedict to resign at the end of the month, Vatican says"
3897:
Lives of the Popes: The Pontiffs from St. Peter to Benedict XVI
3548:
3368:
3025:
2878:
2858:
1496:
3350:
3070:
2918:. Before resigning, he formally convened the already existing
2681:, leaving no recourse to the removal of a pope involuntarily.
3646:
the papacy, converts back to Judaism and moves back to Mainz.
3642:
3536:
3306:
4571:
4007:"Pope Benedict XVI resigns due to age and declining health"
3602:
of Rome as well as head of the same holy Catholic Church".
3116:
2955:
in 1415 and the first to do so on his own initiative since
2829:
2651:
1142:
4362:"Resignation letter prepared by Blessed Paul VI published"
4075:
4154:
will have to be convoked by those whose competence it is.
3983:
3141:
Renunciation is speculated to explain the succession of
2828:
as resigning office in 1009 and finishing his life as a
2733:
on all matters are codified in the Latin edition of the
4498:
Codex Iuris Canonici 2.2.1.1 Art. 1 DE ROMANO PONTIFICE
3514:
Physical infirmity due to advanced age (85 at the time)
2947:. He was the first pope to relinquish the office since
2820:(296–308), the historically postulated renunciation of
2004:
List of cardinals excommunicated by the Catholic Church
4454:
4310:"On popes and the problem with preemptive resignation"
4215:"The Chronography of 354 AD. Part 13: Bishops of Rome"
2844:
in 1045. Benedict had also previously been deposed by
1994:
List of excommunicable offences in the Catholic Church
4004:
3187:
Renunciation documented only in one catalog of popes
1999:
List of people excommunicated by the Catholic Church
4455:Johnston, Bruce; Jonathan Petre (8 February 2005).
3998:
3820:(Canon Law Society of America, Paulist Press, 2002
2959:in 1294. His action was unexpected, given that the
4249:Squires, Nick and Simon Caldwell (22 April 2009).
4159:
3845:
3730:"Codex Iuris Canonici - Liber II (Cann. 204-746)"
2900:(1406–1415) resigned in 1415 in order to end the
1027:Matrimonial Nullity Trial Reforms of Pope Francis
133:Matrimonial nullity trial reforms of Pope Francis
6263:
4570:
4516:Code of Canons of the Eastern Churches, canon 47
2971:, Archbishop of Buenos Aires, who took the name
2812:notes the historically obscure renunciations of
1690:Formal act of defection from the Catholic Church
4076:Father Raymond J. de Souza (12 February 2013).
2873:A well-known renunciation of a pope is that of
3701:
3699:
3697:
3695:
3693:
3691:
3689:
3687:
3149:argues that Liberius retained office in exile.
2978:
2203:Beatification and canonization process in 1914
16:Resignation of the pope of the Catholic Church
4556:
4389:"Pope John Paul practiced self-mortification"
4105:
4103:
3570:would evacuate to a neutral country, perhaps
3531:Conditional renunciations not put into effect
2615:
4491:
4457:"Cardinal hints that ailing Pope may resign"
4336:"Pope Paul VI prepared 'resignation letter'"
606:Ranking of liturgical days in the Roman Rite
3979:"Pope Benedict XVI's resignation explained"
3684:
2071:Supreme Tribunal of the Apostolic Signatura
4563:
4549:
4100:
3931:
3908:
3872:
3705:
3665:"You're defrocked! Can the pope be fired?"
3241:
3007:
2922:and authorized it to elect his successor.
2622:
2608:
2475:Canonical erection of a house of religious
2086:Congregation for the Doctrine of the Faith
4413:
4307:
4281:
4046:
3976:
577:Ordinariate for Eastern Catholic faithful
4237:Vicars of Christ: A History of the Popes
4111:"Pope Benedict XVI in shock resignation"
3977:Cullinane, Susannah (12 February 2013).
3899:, (HarperCollins Publishers, 2000), 168.
2740:. This regulates papal renunciations in
1517:Pontifical Council for Legislative Texts
4414:Oder, Slawomir; Gaeta, Saverio (2010).
4301:
4248:
4242:
4179:
3818:New Commentary on the Code of Canon Law
3471:which had been called by his opponent,
3096:Renunciation is documented only in the
2700:. He was the first pope to do so since
613:General Instruction of the Roman Missal
6264:
4386:
4333:
4167:"Conclave to begin Tuesday March 12th"
4052:
3854:. Libreria Editrice Vaticana. para. 77
3846:Pope John Paul II (22 February 1996).
3220:Driven out of office by the return of
551:Code of Canons of the Eastern Churches
87:Code of Canons of the Eastern Churches
4544:
4418:. Rizzoli International Publications.
4308:Allen Jr., John L. (27 August 2017).
3925:
3228:Some claim he was never pope, but an
2755:This corresponds to canon 221 of the
2666:Additionally, a few popes during the
2172:Congregation for the Causes of Saints
1467:Delegata potestas non potest delegari
1414:Association of the Christian faithful
557:Eastern Canonical Reforms of Pius XII
4282:Tornielli, Andrea (27 August 2017).
4137:"Pope Benedict in shock resignation"
3944:. New York: Robert Appleton Company.
3921:. New York: Robert Appleton Company.
3885:. New York: Robert Appleton Company.
3718:. New York: Robert Appleton Company.
3662:
3182:Abdicated and retired to a monastery
3048:Renunciation documented only in the
2330:Journals and Professional Societies
2062:(tribunals & ministers/parties)
4530:
3811:
3770:
3663:Beam, Christopher (17 March 2010).
2881:and then prisoner of his successor
2789:In 1996, Pope John Paul II, in his
2716:
2684:The most recent pope to resign was
13:
1154:Supra-diocesan/eparchal structures
14:
6303:
6277:Catholic Church legal terminology
4536:. Vatican Publishing House. 1983.
4430:"Pope 'considered standing down'"
4387:Wooden, Cindy (26 January 2010).
4186:. HarperCollins. pp. 30–31.
4078:"The Holy Father takes his leave"
4053:Messia, Hada (11 February 2013).
3932:Herbermann, Charles, ed. (1913).
3909:Herbermann, Charles, ed. (1913).
3873:Herbermann, Charles, ed. (1913).
3794:and omits words for "his office".
3706:Herbermann, Charles, ed. (1913).
3612:
3417:Lack of competence for the office
3371:for bribing Benedict IX to resign
3284:Deposed in favor of the antipope
3216:Giovanni dei Crescenzi–Ottaviani
2892:
2696:on 28 February 2013, the date of
6243:
6232:
6231:
3599:dean of the College of Cardinals
3509:Resignation of Pope Benedict XVI
3489:
3441:
3394:
3349:
3305:
3292:, Archbishop of Hamburg-Bremen.
3258:
3202:
3164:
3115:
3069:
3024:
2932:Resignation of Pope Benedict XVI
2591:
1551:Resignation of the Roman Pontiff
804:Approbation (Catholic canon law)
257:Collectiones canonum Dionysianae
24:
4509:
4475:The Code of Canon Law Annotated
4467:
4448:
4422:
4407:
4380:
4354:
4327:
4275:
4229:
4207:
4173:
4129:
4069:
4024:
3970:
3948:
3902:
3889:
3866:
2925:
2835:
1742:Incardination and excardination
1405:Types of membership of Opus Dei
1138:Supreme authority of the Church
758:Impediment (Catholic canon law)
264:Collectio canonum quadripartita
4524:
4169:. Vatican Radio. 8 March 2013.
3839:
3797:
3780:
3747:
3722:
3656:
2868:
2299:Legal practice and scholarship
2208:Election of the Roman Pontiff
2034:Lifetime of prayer and penance
990:Canonical form (Latin Church)
278:Collectio canonum Wigorniensis
271:Collectio canonum Quesnelliana
1:
4334:Wooden, Cindy (16 May 2018).
4239:, (Citadel Press, 2003), 198.
4183:The Pocket Guide to the Popes
3912:"Pope John XVIII (XIX)"
3650:
3485:(7 years, 315 days)
3437:(8 years, 216 days)
2498:Institute of consecrated life
474:Apostolicae Sedis moderationi
443:
347:
251:Collections of ancient canons
213:
4180:Mcbrien, Richard P. (2006).
3957:"Pope St. Celestine V"
3376:Abdicated or deposed at the
2335:Canon Law Society of America
2228:Reforms of Pope Benedict XVI
1963:Censure (Catholic canon law)
1791:Associations of the faithful
1776:Juridic and physical persons
1424:Quinquennial visit ad limina
780:Nullity of Sacred Ordination
7:
3625:
3574:, and elect his successor.
3043:Exiled by Roman authorities
2985:
2979:List of papal renunciations
2470:Manifestation of Conscience
2305:List of legal abbreviations
1685:Person (Catholic canon law)
835:Internal and external forum
313:Lay investiture controversy
236:The Apostolic Constitutions
10:
6308:
4393:National Catholic Reporter
4366:National Catholic Reporter
3848:"Universi Dominici Gregis"
3506:
3478:
3430:
3383:
3338:
3296:
3247:
3240:
3191:
3153:
3104:
3058:
3013:
3006:
2988:
2929:
2861:. Gregory was followed by
2801:
2650:, occurs when the current
2413:Modern & Contemporary
2076:Tribunal of the Roman Rota
1747:Laicization (dispensation)
1536:Obreption & subreption
1449:Canonically crowned images
1134:, and canonical structures
296:Pseudo-Isidorian Decretals
6227:
6154:
6094:
6033:
6024:
5838:
5552:
5151:
4855:
4649:
4582:
2744:332 §2, where it states:
2698:his effective resignation
2572:Society of apostolic life
2263:Romano Pontifici eligendo
1737:Clerics and public office
1634:Temporal goods (property)
1204:Local particular churches
1198:Eastern Catholic Churches
1089:Ratum sed non consummatum
3935:"Pope Benedict IX"
3876:"Pope St. Pontian"
3753:The Latin uses the verb
3000:Reason for renunciation
2795:Universi Dominici gregis
2217:Universi Dominici gregis
1233:Apostolic administration
1083:Matrimonial dispensation
957:Fast days and abstinence
863:Sacramentum Poenitentiae
830:Seal of the Confessional
6045:During the Roman Empire
4533:Code of Canon Law (CIC)
4395:. Catholic News Service
4342:. Catholic News Service
4117:. BBC. 11 February 2013
4034:. Bbc.co.uk. 2 May 2013
3535:Before setting out for
2347:Faculties of canon law
2315:Licentiate of Canon Law
2177:Maiorem hac dilectionem
2143:Appeal as from an abuse
1969:De delictis gravioribus
1238:Apostolic administrator
1046:Impediments to Marriage
913:Indulgentiarum doctrina
401:Decretals of Gregory IX
301:Donation of Constantine
166:Orientalium ecclesiarum
108:Indulgentiarum Doctrina
6250:Catholic Church Portal
6110:Conflicts with the HRE
4235:Coulombe, Charles A.,
3577:According to longtime
3564:kidnapped by the Nazis
3090:Diocletian persecution
2909:Antipope Benedict XIII
2791:Apostolic Constitution
2643:
2598:Catholicism portal
2563:Provida Mater Ecclesia
2270:Ingravescentem aetatem
2081:Apostolic Penitentiary
1981:Crimen sollicitationis
1863:Apostolic constitution
1813:Acta Apostolicae Sedis
1732:Obligation of celibacy
1276:Moderator of the Curia
1208:Appointment of bishops
1015:Declaration of Nullity
971:Holy day of obligation
878:Eucharistic discipline
847:Apostolic Penitentiary
822:Paenitentiale Theodori
799:Episcopal consecrators
775:Obligation of celibacy
721:Communicatio in sacris
700:Holy day of obligation
647:Scripturarum thesaurus
626:Sacrosanctum Concilium
601:General Roman Calendar
243:Canons of the Apostles
188:Precepts of the Church
180:Sacrosanctum concilium
139:Second Vatican Council
6287:Lists of resignations
6026:History of the papacy
3963:Catholic Encyclopedia
3941:Catholic Encyclopedia
3918:Catholic Encyclopedia
3882:Catholic Encyclopedia
3715:Catholic Encyclopedia
3467:Abdicated during the
3272:Benedict Grammaticus
3243:Reliable resignations
2969:Jorge Mario Bergoglio
2809:Catholic Encyclopedia
2762:, which in Latin is:
2677:has been in favor of
2256:Aeterni Patris Filius
2092:Ministers of Justice
2044:Ecclesiastical prison
2039:Canonical admonitions
1856:Protonotary apostolic
1333:Anglicanorum Coetibus
1166:Conference of bishops
661:Quattuor abhinc annos
654:Liturgiam authenticam
359:Corpus Juris Canonici
223:Ancient Church Orders
173:Presbyterorum ordinis
115:Praedicate evangelium
6188:Revolutionary Papacy
6182:Age of Enlightenment
3895:Richard P. McBrien,
3591:College of Cardinals
3583:Giovanni Battista Re
3568:College of Cardinals
3469:Council of Constance
3133:Banished by Emperor
3009:Alleged resignations
2951:resigned to end the
2920:Council of Constance
2780:College of Cardinals
2778:, who held that the
2380:Raymond of Penyafort
2139:(matrimonial causes)
2115:Defender of the Bond
1975:Complicit absolution
1935:Ecclesiastical Latin
1575:Validity and liceity
1444:Canonical coronation
1327:Personal ordinariate
1314:Military ordinariate
1160:College of Cardinals
1041:Defender of the Bond
857:Complicit absolution
741:Validity and liceity
689:Traditionis custodes
525:Papal judge-delegate
333:Plenitudo potestatis
291:Symmachian forgeries
6292:Popes who abdicated
6035:Antiquity and Early
5839:17th–21st centuries
5553:13th–16th centuries
4263:on 12 February 2010
4256:The Daily Telegraph
3639:Jewish pope Andreas
3593:, the other to the
3473:Antipope John XXIII
3363:Johannes Gratianus
3319:Theophylactus III,
3302:Nov 1047–July 1048
3300:April 1045–May 1045
2916:Antipope John XXIII
2504:Religious institute
2390:Johannes Teutonicus
2352:School of Canon Law
2325:Doctor of both laws
2320:Doctor of Canon Law
2157:Vos estis lux mundi
2028:ferendae sententiae
2018:Laicization (penal)
1806:Canonical documents
1762:Canonical provision
1752:Canonical faculties
1456:Computation of time
1265:In persona episcopi
1251:Aeque principaliter
1245:Diocese/Archdiocese
1221:Apostolic vicariate
1178:Particular churches
1128:Supreme authority,
1061:Impediment of crime
794:Dimissorial letters
675:Summorum Pontificum
6170:Reformation Papacy
6164:Renaissance Papacy
6106:(1012–1044 / 1048)
6059:Ostrogothic Papacy
5152:9th–12th centuries
4143:. 11 February 2013
3709:"Abdication"
3595:Secretary of State
3581:official Cardinal
3523:upon renunciation.
3482:– 28 February 2013
3413:Pietro da Morrone
3387:– 13 December 1294
3342:– 20 December 1046
3298:Oct 1032–Sept 1044
3195:– 10 February 1045
3147:Liber Pontificalis
3108:– 24 September 366
3098:Liberian Catalogue
3051:Liberian Catalogue
3017:– 28 September 235
2636:papal renunciation
2223:Papal renunciation
2130:(trial procedure)
1820:Acta Sanctae Sedis
1767:Canonical election
1400:Personal prelature
1395:Pontifical council
1148:College of Bishops
852:Canon penitentiary
816:Penitential canons
633:Mysterii Paschalis
519:Contractum trinius
326:Libertas ecclesiae
101:Ex corde Ecclesiae
6259:
6258:
6223:
6222:
6115:Wandering Papacy
6078:Saeculum obscurum
6051:Under Constantine
4856:5th–8th centuries
4650:1st–4th centuries
4634:papal resignation
4504:The Roman Pontiff
4193:978-0-06-113773-0
4082:The National Post
3834:978-0-8091-4066-4
3606:Pope John Paul II
3528:
3527:
3524:
3515:
3503:Joseph Ratzinger
3486:
3475:
3463:
3438:
3427:
3426:for renunciation.
3418:
3391:
3380:
3372:
3346:
3335:
3329:
3324:
3322:Conti di Tusculum
3293:
3280:
3255:
3237:
3224:
3199:
3188:
3183:
3161:
3150:
3143:Antipope Felix II
3137:
3112:
3101:
3092:
3066:
3055:
3044:
3021:
2759:Code of Canon Law
2737:Code of Canon Law
2669:saeculum obscurum
2632:
2631:
2543:Secular institute
2400:Burchard of Worms
2395:Geoffrey of Trani
2310:Academic degrees
2250:Papal appointment
2183:Advocatus Diaboli
2136:Dignitas connubii
1585:Apostolic visitor
1484:Taxa Innocentiana
1363:Collegiate church
1114:Petrine privilege
1109:Pauline privilege
1096:Sanatio in radice
1066:Disparity of cult
1021:Dignitas connubii
1008:Banns of marriage
786:Apostolicae curae
682:Magnum principium
507:Code of Canon Law
499:Ecclesiae Sanctae
492:Code of Canon Law
366:Decretum Gratiani
137:Documents of the
122:Veritatis gaudium
78:Magnum principium
64:Code of Canon Law
6299:
6247:
6235:
6234:
6155:Early Modern and
6065:Byzantine Papacy
6031:
6030:
4565:
4558:
4551:
4542:
4541:
4537:
4519:
4513:
4507:
4495:
4489:
4488:
4471:
4465:
4464:
4452:
4446:
4445:
4443:
4441:
4426:
4420:
4419:
4411:
4405:
4404:
4402:
4400:
4384:
4378:
4377:
4375:
4373:
4358:
4352:
4351:
4349:
4347:
4331:
4325:
4324:
4322:
4320:
4305:
4299:
4298:
4296:
4294:
4279:
4273:
4272:
4270:
4268:
4259:. Archived from
4246:
4240:
4233:
4227:
4226:
4224:
4222:
4211:
4205:
4204:
4202:
4200:
4177:
4171:
4170:
4163:
4157:
4156:
4150:
4148:
4133:
4127:
4126:
4124:
4122:
4107:
4098:
4097:
4095:
4093:
4084:. Archived from
4073:
4067:
4066:
4064:
4062:
4050:
4044:
4043:
4041:
4039:
4028:
4022:
4021:
4019:
4017:
4002:
3996:
3995:
3993:
3991:
3974:
3968:
3967:
3959:
3952:
3946:
3945:
3937:
3929:
3923:
3922:
3914:
3906:
3900:
3893:
3887:
3886:
3878:
3870:
3864:
3863:
3861:
3859:
3843:
3837:
3815:
3809:
3801:
3795:
3784:
3778:
3768:
3762:
3751:
3745:
3744:
3742:
3740:
3726:
3720:
3719:
3711:
3703:
3682:
3681:
3679:
3677:
3660:
3518:
3513:
3493:
3484:
3466:
3458:
3445:
3436:
3432:30 November 1406
3421:
3416:
3398:
3389:
3378:Council of Sutri
3375:
3366:
3353:
3344:
3332:
3327:
3320:
3309:
3283:
3275:
3262:
3253:
3227:
3219:
3206:
3197:
3186:
3181:
3168:
3159:
3140:
3132:
3119:
3110:
3095:
3087:
3073:
3064:
3062:– 25 October 304
3047:
3042:
3028:
3019:
2983:
2982:
2885:, and was later
2782:or at least its
2717:Modern procedure
2648:papal abdication
2646:) also called a
2624:
2617:
2610:
2596:
2595:
2549:Cum Sanctissimus
2529:Mendicant orders
2480:Pontifical right
2453:consecrated life
2437:Edward N. Peters
2152:Penal procedure
2024:Latae sententiae
1796:Consecrated life
1355:Team of priests
1171:Synod of Bishops
1104:Natural marriage
1076:Public propriety
735:Omnium in mentem
728:Ex opere operato
454:Council of Trent
448:
445:
352:
349:
308:Gregorian Reform
218:
215:
145:Christus Dominus
94:Ad tuendam fidem
71:Omnium in mentem
43:Canon law of the
28:
21:
20:
6307:
6306:
6302:
6301:
6300:
6298:
6297:
6296:
6262:
6261:
6260:
6255:
6219:
6202:(1929–present)
6156:
6150:
6104:Tusculan Papacy
6096:
6090:
6071:Frankish Papacy
6036:
6020:
5834:
5548:
5147:
4851:
4645:
4578:
4576:Catholic Church
4569:
4527:
4522:
4514:
4510:
4496:
4492:
4485:
4473:
4472:
4468:
4453:
4449:
4439:
4437:
4428:
4427:
4423:
4412:
4408:
4398:
4396:
4385:
4381:
4371:
4369:
4360:
4359:
4355:
4345:
4343:
4332:
4328:
4318:
4316:
4306:
4302:
4292:
4290:
4280:
4276:
4266:
4264:
4247:
4243:
4234:
4230:
4220:
4218:
4213:
4212:
4208:
4198:
4196:
4194:
4178:
4174:
4165:
4164:
4160:
4146:
4144:
4135:
4134:
4130:
4120:
4118:
4109:
4108:
4101:
4091:
4089:
4088:on 7 March 2013
4074:
4070:
4060:
4058:
4051:
4047:
4037:
4035:
4030:
4029:
4025:
4015:
4013:
4003:
3999:
3989:
3987:
3975:
3971:
3954:
3953:
3949:
3930:
3926:
3907:
3903:
3894:
3890:
3871:
3867:
3857:
3855:
3844:
3840:
3816:
3812:
3802:
3798:
3785:
3781:
3769:
3765:
3752:
3748:
3738:
3736:
3728:
3727:
3723:
3704:
3685:
3675:
3673:
3661:
3657:
3653:
3628:
3615:
3533:
3512:
3511:
3483:
3481:
3435:
3433:
3390:(161 days)
3388:
3386:
3343:
3341:
3301:
3299:
3276:Deposed by the
3252:
3250:
3196:
3194:
3193:20 January 1045
3158:
3156:
3109:
3107:
3063:
3061:
3018:
3016:
2981:
2934:
2928:
2895:
2871:
2838:
2804:
2776:Lucius Ferraris
2727:Catholic Church
2719:
2679:papal supremacy
2656:Catholic Church
2628:
2590:
2585:
2584:
2579:Decretum laudis
2556:Primo Feliciter
2534:Clerics regular
2455:
2444:
2443:
2427:Pietro Gasparri
2417:Eugenio Corecco
2300:
2292:
2291:
2057:
2049:
2048:
1989:Excommunication
1948:
1940:
1939:
1930:Parish register
1829:Censor librorum
1807:
1799:
1798:
1794:
1789:
1774:
1680:
1672:
1671:
1635:
1627:
1626:
1612:Treatise on Law
1439:
1429:
1428:
1368:Parish register
1344:Juridic persons
1226:Apostolic vicar
1162:
1135:
1131:
1121:
1120:
986:
984:Matrimonial law
976:
975:
768:Defect of birth
715:
713:Sacramental law
705:
704:
618:Code of Rubrics
595:
587:
586:
545:
535:
534:
530:Right of option
485:(1918-present)
460:Benedictus Deus
446:
350:
286:Gelasian Decree
216:
203:
193:
192:
57:
45:Catholic Church
44:
17:
12:
11:
5:
6305:
6295:
6294:
6289:
6284:
6279:
6274:
6257:
6256:
6254:
6253:
6241:
6228:
6225:
6224:
6221:
6220:
6218:
6217:
6216:
6215:
6209:
6197:
6194:Roman Question
6191:
6185:
6184:(c. 1640–1740)
6179:
6176:Baroque Papacy
6173:
6167:
6160:
6158:
6152:
6151:
6149:
6148:
6145:Western Schism
6142:
6139:Avignon Papacy
6136:
6135:
6134:
6128:
6122:
6113:
6107:
6100:
6098:
6092:
6091:
6089:
6088:
6085:Crescentii era
6082:
6074:
6068:
6062:
6056:
6055:
6054:
6041:
6039:
6028:
6022:
6021:
6019:
6018:
6013:
6008:
6003:
5998:
5993:
5988:
5983:
5978:
5973:
5968:
5963:
5958:
5953:
5948:
5943:
5938:
5933:
5928:
5923:
5918:
5913:
5908:
5903:
5898:
5893:
5891:Alexander VIII
5888:
5883:
5878:
5873:
5868:
5863:
5858:
5853:
5848:
5842:
5840:
5836:
5835:
5833:
5832:
5827:
5822:
5817:
5812:
5807:
5802:
5797:
5792:
5787:
5782:
5777:
5772:
5767:
5762:
5757:
5752:
5747:
5742:
5737:
5732:
5727:
5722:
5717:
5712:
5707:
5702:
5697:
5692:
5687:
5682:
5677:
5672:
5667:
5662:
5657:
5652:
5647:
5642:
5637:
5632:
5627:
5622:
5617:
5612:
5607:
5602:
5597:
5592:
5587:
5582:
5577:
5572:
5567:
5562:
5556:
5554:
5550:
5549:
5547:
5546:
5541:
5536:
5531:
5526:
5521:
5516:
5511:
5506:
5501:
5496:
5491:
5486:
5481:
5476:
5471:
5466:
5461:
5456:
5451:
5446:
5441:
5436:
5431:
5426:
5421:
5416:
5411:
5406:
5401:
5396:
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5386:
5381:
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5371:
5366:
5361:
5356:
5351:
5346:
5341:
5336:
5331:
5326:
5321:
5316:
5311:
5306:
5301:
5296:
5291:
5286:
5281:
5276:
5274:Anastasius III
5271:
5266:
5261:
5256:
5251:
5246:
5241:
5236:
5231:
5226:
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5216:
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5015:
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4508:
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4436:. 7 April 2005
4421:
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4274:
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3997:
3969:
3947:
3924:
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3888:
3865:
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3810:
3796:
3779:
3763:
3746:
3734:www.vatican.va
3721:
3683:
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3649:
3648:
3647:
3636:
3627:
3624:
3614:
3613:Incapacitation
3611:
3532:
3529:
3526:
3525:
3516:
3507:Main article:
3504:
3501:
3494:
3487:
3477:
3476:
3464:
3461:Western Schism
3456:
3455:Angelo Correr
3453:
3446:
3439:
3429:
3428:
3419:
3414:
3411:
3399:
3392:
3382:
3381:
3373:
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3340:April/May 1045
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3303:
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3207:
3200:
3190:
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3176:
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3138:
3135:Constantius II
3130:
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3120:
3113:
3103:
3102:
3093:
3085:
3082:
3074:
3067:
3057:
3056:
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3022:
3012:
3011:
3005:
3004:
3001:
2998:
2997:Personal name
2995:
2990:
2987:
2980:
2977:
2953:Western Schism
2930:Main article:
2927:
2924:
2902:Western Schism
2894:
2893:Western Schism
2891:
2870:
2867:
2837:
2834:
2816:(230–235) and
2803:
2800:
2771:
2770:
2753:
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2718:
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2566:
2559:
2552:
2540:
2539:
2538:
2537:
2536:
2531:
2526:
2524:Canons regular
2521:
2511:
2495:
2494:
2489:
2488:
2487:
2485:Diocesan right
2482:
2472:
2467:
2465:Exclaustration
2462:
2456:
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2290:
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2259:
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2247:
2244:Jus exclusivae
2240:
2232:
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2230:
2225:
2220:
2206:
2205:
2200:
2193:
2186:
2179:
2174:
2163:
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2160:
2150:
2145:
2140:
2125:
2124:
2123:
2122:
2117:
2109:
2108:
2107:
2102:
2096:Judicial Vicar
2090:
2089:
2088:
2083:
2078:
2073:
2058:
2056:Procedural law
2055:
2054:
2051:
2050:
2047:
2046:
2041:
2036:
2031:
2020:
2015:
2010:
2009:
2008:
2007:
2006:
1996:
1986:
1985:
1984:
1977:
1965:
1960:
1955:
1949:
1946:
1945:
1942:
1941:
1938:
1937:
1932:
1927:
1922:
1917:
1912:
1907:
1902:
1897:
1890:
1885:
1880:
1875:
1870:
1865:
1860:
1859:
1858:
1848:
1847:
1846:
1843:Imprimi potest
1839:
1825:
1824:
1823:
1808:
1805:
1804:
1801:
1800:
1787:
1786:
1783:Jus patronatus
1772:
1771:
1770:
1769:
1755:
1754:
1749:
1744:
1739:
1734:
1729:
1727:Regular clergy
1724:
1722:Secular clergy
1715:
1714:
1709:
1704:
1699:
1694:
1693:
1692:
1681:
1679:Law of persons
1678:
1677:
1674:
1673:
1670:
1669:
1664:
1659:
1654:
1649:
1642:
1636:
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1590:
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1577:
1572:
1565:
1560:
1553:
1548:
1543:
1538:
1533:
1526:
1521:
1520:
1519:
1512:Interpretation
1509:
1504:
1499:
1494:
1489:
1488:
1487:
1475:
1470:
1463:
1458:
1453:
1452:
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1431:
1430:
1427:
1426:
1421:
1416:
1411:
1410:
1409:
1408:
1407:
1397:
1392:
1387:
1377:
1376:
1375:
1373:Lay trusteeism
1370:
1365:
1360:
1341:
1340:
1339:
1338:
1337:
1336:
1324:
1316:
1311:
1310:
1309:
1307:Eparchal curia
1299:
1298:
1297:
1296:
1295:
1285:
1280:
1279:
1278:
1271:Diocesan Curia
1268:
1261:
1254:
1242:
1241:
1240:
1230:
1229:
1228:
1218:
1205:
1202:
1201:
1200:
1195:
1174:
1173:
1168:
1163:
1151:
1150:
1145:
1136:
1127:
1126:
1123:
1122:
1119:
1118:
1117:
1116:
1111:
1101:
1100:
1099:
1092:
1080:
1079:
1078:
1073:
1068:
1063:
1058:
1053:
1043:
1038:
1037:
1036:
1029:
1024:
1012:
1011:
1010:
1005:
998:
987:
982:
981:
978:
977:
974:
973:
968:
967:
966:
954:
945:
944:
938:
936:Minor basilica
933:
931:Major basilica
928:
921:Sacred places
919:
918:
917:
916:
898:
897:
896:
895:
890:
885:
880:
870:
869:
868:
867:
866:
854:
849:
844:
843:
842:
832:
827:
826:
825:
808:
807:
806:
801:
796:
791:
790:
789:
777:
772:
771:
770:
765:
744:
743:
738:
731:
724:
716:
711:
710:
707:
706:
703:
702:
697:
692:
685:
678:
671:
664:
657:
650:
643:
640:Musicam sacram
636:
629:
622:
621:
620:
610:
609:
608:
596:
594:Liturgical law
593:
592:
589:
588:
585:
584:
582:Protosyncellus
579:
574:
569:
564:
559:
554:
546:
541:
540:
537:
536:
533:
532:
527:
522:
511:
510:
502:
495:
478:
477:
470:
463:
456:
439:Jus novissimum
435:
434:
433:
432:
429:Liber Septimus
425:
418:
411:
410:
409:
397:
390:
389:
388:
381:
378:Canon Episcopi
374:
339:
338:
337:
336:
329:
322:
319:Dictatus papae
315:
305:
304:
303:
293:
288:
283:
282:
281:
274:
267:
260:
248:
247:
246:
239:
232:
204:
199:
198:
195:
194:
191:
190:
185:
184:
183:
176:
169:
162:
159:Optatam totius
155:
148:
135:
130:
125:
118:
111:
104:
97:
90:
83:
82:
81:
74:
58:
52:
51:
48:
47:
39:
38:
30:
29:
15:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
6304:
6293:
6290:
6288:
6285:
6283:
6280:
6278:
6275:
6273:
6270:
6269:
6267:
6252:
6251:
6246:
6242:
6240:
6239:
6230:
6229:
6226:
6213:
6210:
6207:
6204:
6203:
6201:
6198:
6195:
6192:
6189:
6186:
6183:
6180:
6177:
6174:
6171:
6168:
6165:
6162:
6161:
6159:
6153:
6146:
6143:
6140:
6137:
6132:
6129:
6126:
6123:
6120:
6117:
6116:
6114:
6111:
6108:
6105:
6102:
6101:
6099:
6095:High and Late
6093:
6086:
6083:
6080:
6079:
6075:
6072:
6069:
6066:
6063:
6060:
6057:
6052:
6049:
6048:
6046:
6043:
6042:
6040:
6038:
6032:
6029:
6027:
6023:
6017:
6014:
6012:
6009:
6007:
6004:
6002:
5999:
5997:
5994:
5992:
5989:
5987:
5984:
5982:
5979:
5977:
5974:
5972:
5969:
5967:
5964:
5962:
5959:
5957:
5954:
5952:
5949:
5947:
5944:
5942:
5939:
5937:
5934:
5932:
5929:
5927:
5924:
5922:
5919:
5917:
5914:
5912:
5911:Benedict XIII
5909:
5907:
5906:Innocent XIII
5904:
5902:
5899:
5897:
5894:
5892:
5889:
5887:
5884:
5882:
5879:
5877:
5874:
5872:
5871:Alexander VII
5869:
5867:
5864:
5862:
5859:
5857:
5854:
5852:
5849:
5847:
5844:
5843:
5841:
5837:
5831:
5828:
5826:
5823:
5821:
5818:
5816:
5813:
5811:
5808:
5806:
5803:
5801:
5798:
5796:
5793:
5791:
5788:
5786:
5783:
5781:
5778:
5776:
5773:
5771:
5768:
5766:
5763:
5761:
5758:
5756:
5753:
5751:
5748:
5746:
5743:
5741:
5740:Innocent VIII
5738:
5736:
5733:
5731:
5728:
5726:
5723:
5721:
5720:Callixtus III
5718:
5716:
5713:
5711:
5708:
5706:
5703:
5701:
5698:
5696:
5693:
5691:
5688:
5686:
5683:
5681:
5678:
5676:
5673:
5671:
5668:
5666:
5663:
5661:
5658:
5656:
5653:
5651:
5648:
5646:
5643:
5641:
5640:Boniface VIII
5638:
5636:
5633:
5631:
5628:
5626:
5623:
5621:
5618:
5616:
5613:
5611:
5608:
5606:
5603:
5601:
5598:
5596:
5593:
5591:
5588:
5586:
5583:
5581:
5578:
5576:
5573:
5571:
5568:
5566:
5563:
5561:
5558:
5557:
5555:
5551:
5545:
5542:
5540:
5539:Celestine III
5537:
5535:
5532:
5530:
5527:
5525:
5522:
5520:
5517:
5515:
5514:Alexander III
5512:
5510:
5507:
5505:
5504:Anastasius IV
5502:
5500:
5497:
5495:
5492:
5490:
5487:
5485:
5482:
5480:
5477:
5475:
5472:
5470:
5467:
5465:
5462:
5460:
5457:
5455:
5452:
5450:
5447:
5445:
5442:
5440:
5437:
5435:
5432:
5430:
5427:
5425:
5422:
5420:
5417:
5415:
5412:
5410:
5407:
5405:
5404:Sylvester III
5402:
5400:
5397:
5395:
5392:
5390:
5389:Benedict VIII
5387:
5385:
5382:
5380:
5377:
5375:
5372:
5370:
5367:
5365:
5362:
5360:
5357:
5355:
5352:
5350:
5347:
5345:
5342:
5340:
5337:
5335:
5332:
5330:
5327:
5325:
5322:
5320:
5317:
5315:
5312:
5310:
5307:
5305:
5302:
5300:
5297:
5295:
5292:
5290:
5287:
5285:
5282:
5280:
5277:
5275:
5272:
5270:
5267:
5265:
5262:
5260:
5257:
5255:
5252:
5250:
5247:
5245:
5242:
5240:
5237:
5235:
5232:
5230:
5227:
5225:
5222:
5220:
5217:
5215:
5212:
5210:
5207:
5205:
5202:
5200:
5197:
5195:
5192:
5190:
5187:
5185:
5182:
5180:
5177:
5175:
5172:
5170:
5167:
5165:
5162:
5160:
5157:
5156:
5154:
5150:
5144:
5141:
5139:
5136:
5134:
5131:
5129:
5126:
5124:
5121:
5119:
5116:
5114:
5111:
5109:
5106:
5104:
5101:
5099:
5096:
5094:
5091:
5089:
5086:
5084:
5081:
5079:
5076:
5074:
5071:
5069:
5066:
5064:
5061:
5059:
5056:
5054:
5051:
5049:
5046:
5044:
5041:
5039:
5036:
5034:
5031:
5029:
5026:
5024:
5021:
5019:
5016:
5014:
5011:
5009:
5006:
5004:
5001:
4999:
4996:
4994:
4991:
4989:
4986:
4984:
4981:
4979:
4976:
4974:
4971:
4969:
4966:
4964:
4961:
4959:
4956:
4954:
4951:
4949:
4946:
4944:
4941:
4939:
4936:
4934:
4931:
4929:
4926:
4924:
4921:
4919:
4916:
4914:
4913:Anastasius II
4911:
4909:
4906:
4904:
4901:
4899:
4896:
4894:
4891:
4889:
4886:
4884:
4881:
4879:
4876:
4874:
4871:
4869:
4866:
4864:
4861:
4860:
4858:
4854:
4848:
4845:
4843:
4840:
4838:
4835:
4833:
4830:
4828:
4825:
4823:
4820:
4818:
4815:
4813:
4810:
4808:
4805:
4803:
4800:
4798:
4795:
4793:
4790:
4788:
4785:
4783:
4780:
4778:
4775:
4773:
4770:
4768:
4765:
4763:
4760:
4758:
4755:
4753:
4750:
4748:
4745:
4743:
4740:
4738:
4735:
4733:
4730:
4728:
4725:
4723:
4720:
4718:
4715:
4713:
4710:
4708:
4705:
4703:
4700:
4698:
4695:
4693:
4690:
4688:
4685:
4683:
4680:
4678:
4675:
4673:
4670:
4668:
4665:
4663:
4660:
4658:
4655:
4654:
4652:
4648:
4642:
4639:
4635:
4632:
4631:
4630:
4629:Pope emeritus
4627:
4625:
4622:
4618:
4615:
4613:
4610:
4609:
4607:
4605:
4602:
4598:
4595:
4593:
4590:
4589:
4588:
4587:List of popes
4585:
4584:
4581:
4577:
4573:
4566:
4561:
4559:
4554:
4552:
4547:
4546:
4543:
4535:
4534:
4529:
4528:
4517:
4512:
4505:
4502:
4499:
4494:
4486:
4480:
4476:
4470:
4462:
4461:The Telegraph
4458:
4451:
4435:
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4425:
4417:
4410:
4394:
4390:
4383:
4368:. 16 May 2018
4367:
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4112:
4106:
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4087:
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4027:
4012:
4008:
4001:
3986:
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3877:
3869:
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3826:0-8091-4066-7
3823:
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3808:
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3603:
3600:
3596:
3592:
3588:
3584:
3580:
3575:
3573:
3569:
3565:
3561:
3560:Pope Pius XII
3557:
3552:
3550:
3546:
3545:Pope Pius VII
3542:
3538:
3522:
3521:Pope emeritus
3517:
3510:
3505:
3502:
3500:
3499:
3495:
3492:
3488:
3480:19 April 2005
3479:
3474:
3470:
3465:
3462:
3457:
3454:
3452:
3451:
3447:
3444:
3440:
3434:– 4 July 1415
3431:
3425:
3420:
3415:
3412:
3410:
3406:
3405:
3400:
3397:
3393:
3384:
3379:
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3370:
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3348:
3339:
3331:
3326:
3323:
3318:
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3311:
3308:
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3297:
3291:
3287:
3282:
3279:
3274:
3271:
3269:
3268:
3264:
3261:
3257:
3251:– 23 June 964
3248:
3244:
3235:
3231:
3226:
3223:
3218:
3215:
3213:
3212:
3211:Sylvester III
3208:
3205:
3201:
3192:
3185:
3180:
3177:
3175:
3174:
3170:
3167:
3163:
3154:
3148:
3144:
3139:
3136:
3131:
3128:
3126:
3125:
3121:
3118:
3114:
3105:
3099:
3094:
3091:
3086:
3083:
3081:
3080:
3075:
3072:
3068:
3059:
3053:
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3046:
3041:
3038:
3036:
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3027:
3023:
3014:
3010:
3002:
2999:
2996:
2994:
2991:
2984:
2976:
2974:
2970:
2966:
2962:
2958:
2954:
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2946:
2942:
2938:
2933:
2923:
2921:
2917:
2914:
2910:
2907:
2903:
2899:
2890:
2888:
2884:
2883:Boniface VIII
2880:
2876:
2866:
2864:
2860:
2856:
2851:
2850:Sylvester III
2847:
2846:Sylvester III
2843:
2833:
2831:
2827:
2823:
2819:
2815:
2811:
2810:
2799:
2797:
2796:
2792:
2787:
2785:
2781:
2777:
2768:
2765:
2764:
2763:
2761:
2760:
2750:
2747:
2746:
2745:
2743:
2739:
2738:
2732:
2731:official laws
2728:
2724:
2714:
2712:
2711:
2705:
2703:
2699:
2695:
2691:
2687:
2682:
2680:
2676:
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2657:
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2649:
2645:
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2637:
2625:
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2606:
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2602:
2599:
2594:
2589:
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2527:
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2517:
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2507:
2506:
2505:
2502:
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2500:
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2481:
2478:
2477:
2476:
2473:
2471:
2468:
2466:
2463:
2461:
2458:
2457:
2454:
2448:
2447:
2438:
2435:
2433:
2432:Ladislas Orsy
2430:
2428:
2425:
2423:
2422:John D. Faris
2420:
2418:
2415:
2414:
2412:
2406:
2403:
2402:
2401:
2398:
2396:
2393:
2391:
2388:
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2381:
2378:
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2368:
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2333:
2332:
2331:
2326:
2323:
2321:
2318:
2316:
2313:
2312:
2311:
2306:
2303:
2302:
2296:
2295:
2286:
2285:
2281:
2279:
2278:
2277:Ubi periculum
2274:
2272:
2271:
2267:
2265:
2264:
2260:
2258:
2257:
2253:
2251:
2248:
2246:
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2241:
2239:
2236:
2235:
2233:
2229:
2226:
2224:
2221:
2219:
2218:
2214:
2213:
2211:
2210:
2209:
2204:
2201:
2199:
2198:
2194:
2192:
2191:
2190:Oblatio vitae
2187:
2185:
2184:
2180:
2178:
2175:
2173:
2170:
2169:
2168:
2167:
2159:
2158:
2154:
2153:
2151:
2149:
2146:
2144:
2141:
2138:
2137:
2133:
2132:
2131:
2129:
2128:Pars dynamica
2121:
2118:
2116:
2113:
2112:
2110:
2106:
2103:
2101:
2097:
2094:
2093:
2091:
2087:
2084:
2082:
2079:
2077:
2074:
2072:
2069:
2068:
2067:
2064:
2063:
2061:
2053:
2052:
2045:
2042:
2040:
2037:
2035:
2032:
2030:
2029:
2025:
2021:
2019:
2016:
2014:
2011:
2005:
2002:
2001:
2000:
1997:
1995:
1992:
1991:
1990:
1987:
1983:
1982:
1978:
1976:
1973:
1972:
1971:
1970:
1966:
1964:
1961:
1959:
1958:Canon 1397 §2
1956:
1954:
1951:
1950:
1944:
1943:
1936:
1933:
1931:
1928:
1926:
1923:
1921:
1918:
1916:
1913:
1911:
1908:
1906:
1903:
1901:
1898:
1896:
1895:
1891:
1889:
1886:
1884:
1881:
1879:
1876:
1874:
1871:
1869:
1866:
1864:
1861:
1857:
1854:
1853:
1852:
1849:
1845:
1844:
1840:
1838:
1837:
1833:
1832:
1831:
1830:
1826:
1822:
1821:
1817:
1816:
1815:
1814:
1810:
1809:
1803:
1802:
1797:
1793:
1792:
1785:
1784:
1780:
1779:
1778:
1777:
1768:
1765:
1764:
1763:
1760:
1759:
1758:
1753:
1750:
1748:
1745:
1743:
1740:
1738:
1735:
1733:
1730:
1728:
1725:
1723:
1720:
1719:
1718:
1713:
1710:
1708:
1705:
1703:
1700:
1698:
1697:Canonical age
1695:
1691:
1688:
1687:
1686:
1683:
1682:
1676:
1675:
1668:
1667:Temporalities
1665:
1663:
1660:
1658:
1655:
1653:
1650:
1648:
1647:
1646:Cathedraticum
1643:
1641:
1638:
1637:
1631:
1630:
1621:
1620:
1616:
1615:
1614:
1613:
1609:
1605:
1602:
1601:
1600:
1597:
1596:
1595:
1594:
1586:
1583:
1582:
1581:
1578:
1576:
1573:
1571:
1570:
1569:Vacatio legis
1566:
1564:
1561:
1559:
1558:
1554:
1552:
1549:
1547:
1544:
1542:
1539:
1537:
1534:
1532:
1531:
1527:
1525:
1522:
1518:
1515:
1514:
1513:
1510:
1508:
1505:
1503:
1500:
1498:
1495:
1493:
1490:
1486:
1485:
1481:
1480:
1479:
1476:
1474:
1471:
1469:
1468:
1464:
1462:
1459:
1457:
1454:
1450:
1447:
1446:
1445:
1442:
1441:
1438:
1437:Jurisprudence
1433:
1432:
1425:
1422:
1420:
1419:Vicar general
1417:
1415:
1412:
1406:
1403:
1402:
1401:
1398:
1396:
1393:
1391:
1388:
1386:
1383:
1382:
1381:
1378:
1374:
1371:
1369:
1366:
1364:
1361:
1359:
1358:
1353:
1352:
1351:
1348:
1347:
1346:
1345:
1335:
1334:
1330:
1329:
1328:
1325:
1323:
1322:
1317:
1315:
1312:
1308:
1305:
1304:
1303:
1300:
1294:
1291:
1290:
1289:
1286:
1284:
1281:
1277:
1274:
1273:
1272:
1269:
1267:
1266:
1262:
1260:
1259:
1258:Cathedraticum
1255:
1253:
1252:
1248:
1247:
1246:
1243:
1239:
1236:
1235:
1234:
1231:
1227:
1224:
1223:
1222:
1219:
1217:
1216:
1211:
1210:
1209:
1206:
1203:
1199:
1196:
1194:
1191:
1190:
1189:
1188:
1183:
1182:
1181:
1180:
1179:
1172:
1169:
1167:
1164:
1161:
1158:
1157:
1156:
1155:
1149:
1146:
1144:
1143:Roman Pontiff
1141:
1140:
1139:
1133:
1125:
1124:
1115:
1112:
1110:
1107:
1106:
1105:
1102:
1098:
1097:
1093:
1091:
1090:
1086:
1085:
1084:
1081:
1077:
1074:
1072:
1069:
1067:
1064:
1062:
1059:
1057:
1056:Clandestinity
1054:
1052:
1049:
1048:
1047:
1044:
1042:
1039:
1035:
1034:
1030:
1028:
1025:
1023:
1022:
1018:
1017:
1016:
1013:
1009:
1006:
1004:
1003:
999:
997:
996:
992:
991:
989:
988:
985:
980:
979:
972:
969:
965:
964:
960:
959:
958:
955:
953:
950:
949:
948:
947:Sacred times
942:
939:
937:
934:
932:
929:
927:
924:
923:
922:
915:
914:
910:
909:
908:
905:
904:
903:
902:
894:
891:
889:
886:
884:
881:
879:
876:
875:
874:
871:
865:
864:
860:
859:
858:
855:
853:
850:
848:
845:
841:
838:
837:
836:
833:
831:
828:
824:
823:
819:
818:
817:
814:
813:
812:
809:
805:
802:
800:
797:
795:
792:
788:
787:
783:
782:
781:
778:
776:
773:
769:
766:
764:
761:
760:
759:
756:
755:
754:
751:
750:
749:
748:
742:
739:
737:
736:
732:
730:
729:
725:
723:
722:
718:
717:
714:
709:
708:
701:
698:
696:
693:
691:
690:
686:
684:
683:
679:
677:
676:
672:
670:
669:
665:
663:
662:
658:
656:
655:
651:
649:
648:
644:
642:
641:
637:
635:
634:
630:
628:
627:
623:
619:
616:
615:
614:
611:
607:
604:
603:
602:
599:
598:
597:Latin Church
591:
590:
583:
580:
578:
575:
573:
570:
568:
565:
563:
560:
558:
555:
553:
552:
548:
547:
544:
539:
538:
531:
528:
526:
523:
521:
520:
516:
515:
514:
509:
508:
503:
501:
500:
496:
494:
493:
488:
487:
486:
484:
483:
476:
475:
471:
469:
468:
464:
462:
461:
457:
455:
452:
451:
450:
441:
440:
431:
430:
426:
424:
423:
422:Extravagantes
419:
417:
416:
412:
408:
405:
404:
403:
402:
398:
396:
395:
391:
387:
386:
382:
380:
379:
375:
373:
370:
369:
368:
367:
363:
362:
361:
360:
356:
355:
354:
345:
344:
335:
334:
330:
328:
327:
323:
321:
320:
316:
314:
311:
310:
309:
306:
302:
299:
298:
297:
294:
292:
289:
287:
284:
280:
279:
275:
273:
272:
268:
266:
265:
261:
259:
258:
254:
253:
252:
249:
245:
244:
240:
238:
237:
233:
231:
230:
226:
225:
224:
221:
220:
211:
210:
209:
202:
201:Legal history
197:
196:
189:
186:
182:
181:
177:
175:
174:
170:
168:
167:
163:
161:
160:
156:
154:
153:
152:Lumen gentium
149:
147:
146:
142:
141:
140:
136:
134:
131:
129:
126:
124:
123:
119:
117:
116:
112:
110:
109:
105:
103:
102:
98:
96:
95:
91:
89:
88:
84:
80:
79:
75:
73:
72:
68:
67:
66:
65:
60:
59:
56:(current law)
55:
50:
49:
46:
41:
40:
36:
32:
31:
27:
23:
22:
19:
6248:
6236:
6206:World War II
6200:Vatican City
6076:
6047:(until 493)
6011:Benedict XVI
6006:John Paul II
5926:Clement XIII
5921:Benedict XIV
5896:Innocent XII
5830:Clement VIII
5805:Gregory XIII
5785:Marcellus II
5745:Alexander VI
5695:Innocent VII
5660:Benedict XII
5615:Nicholas III
5580:Alexander IV
5570:Celestine IV
5560:Honorius III
5544:Innocent III
5529:Gregory VIII
5489:Celestine II
5474:Callixtus II
5444:Alexander II
5369:Sylvester II
5349:Benedict VII
5309:Stephen VIII
5194:Benedict III
5048:Adeodatus II
4993:Boniface III
4847:Anastasius I
4633:
4532:
4511:
4500:
4493:
4474:
4469:
4460:
4450:
4438:. Retrieved
4433:
4424:
4415:
4409:
4397:. Retrieved
4392:
4382:
4370:. Retrieved
4365:
4356:
4344:. Retrieved
4339:
4329:
4317:. Retrieved
4313:
4303:
4291:. Retrieved
4287:
4277:
4265:. Retrieved
4261:the original
4254:
4244:
4236:
4231:
4219:. Retrieved
4209:
4197:. Retrieved
4182:
4175:
4161:
4152:
4145:. Retrieved
4140:
4131:
4119:. Retrieved
4114:
4090:. Retrieved
4086:the original
4071:
4059:. Retrieved
4048:
4036:. Retrieved
4026:
4014:. Retrieved
4011:The Guardian
4010:
4000:
3988:. Retrieved
3982:
3972:
3961:
3950:
3939:
3927:
3916:
3904:
3896:
3891:
3880:
3868:
3856:. Retrieved
3852:The Holy See
3851:
3841:
3813:
3806:
3799:
3791:
3787:
3782:
3766:
3758:
3754:
3749:
3737:. Retrieved
3733:
3724:
3713:
3674:. Retrieved
3668:
3658:
3633:Sede vacante
3631:
3616:
3604:
3587:Pope Paul VI
3576:
3556:World War II
3553:
3534:
3498:Benedict XVI
3496:
3448:
3401:
3356:
3312:
3278:Emperor Otto
3265:
3242:
3209:
3171:
3155:January 1004
3146:
3122:
3097:
3084:Marcellinus
3076:
3049:
3031:
3008:
2986:Pontificate
2972:
2937:Benedict XVI
2935:
2926:Benedict XVI
2896:
2872:
2839:
2836:11th century
2807:
2805:
2793:
2788:
2772:
2766:
2758:
2754:
2748:
2736:
2723:Latin Church
2720:
2708:
2706:
2686:Benedict XVI
2683:
2667:
2665:
2647:
2635:
2633:
2577:
2570:
2561:
2554:
2547:
2509:Congregation
2496:
2375:Jean Lemoine
2356:
2346:
2339:
2329:
2309:
2284:Quia propter
2282:
2275:
2268:
2261:
2254:
2242:
2222:
2215:
2212:Current law
2207:
2195:
2188:
2182:
2166:Canonization
2164:
2155:
2134:
2127:
2126:
2060:Pars statica
2059:
2027:
2023:
1979:
1967:
1920:Positive law
1894:Motu proprio
1892:
1841:
1834:
1827:
1818:
1811:
1788:
1781:
1773:
1756:
1716:
1702:Emancipation
1657:Mass stipend
1652:Contract law
1644:
1619:Determinatio
1617:
1610:
1604:Ecclesiology
1591:
1567:
1557:Sede vacante
1555:
1550:
1546:Promulgation
1528:
1524:Jurisdiction
1482:
1478:Dispensation
1465:
1390:Congregation
1356:
1342:
1331:
1320:
1293:Vicar forane
1263:
1256:
1249:
1214:
1193:Latin Church
1185:
1176:
1175:
1153:
1152:
1137:
1094:
1087:
1031:
1019:
1000:
993:
961:
946:
920:
911:
901:Sacramentals
899:
893:Mass stipend
861:
820:
784:
745:
733:
726:
720:
687:
680:
673:
668:Ecclesia Dei
666:
659:
652:
645:
638:
631:
624:
549:
517:
512:
506:
497:
491:
481:
480:
479:
472:
465:
459:
438:
437:
436:
427:
420:
415:Regulæ Juris
413:
399:
392:
383:
376:
364:
357:
342:
341:
340:
331:
324:
317:
276:
269:
262:
255:
241:
234:
227:
208:Jus antiquum
206:
205:
178:
171:
164:
157:
150:
143:
120:
113:
106:
99:
92:
85:
76:
69:
63:
53:
18:
6214:(1945–1991)
6208:(1939–1945)
6196:(1870–1929)
6190:(1775–1848)
6178:(1585–1689)
6172:(1534–1585)
6166:(1417–1534)
6147:(1378–1417)
6141:(1309–1378)
6133:, 1228–1304
6127:, 1262–1297
6121:, 1257–1281
6112:(1048–1257)
6097:Middle Ages
6037:Middle Ages
6001:John Paul I
5976:Benedict XV
5956:Gregory XVI
5931:Clement XIV
5916:Clement XII
5886:Innocent XI
5825:Innocent IX
5820:Gregory XIV
5770:Clement VII
5700:Gregory XII
5690:Boniface IX
5670:Innocent VI
5645:Benedict XI
5635:Celestine V
5630:Nicholas IV
5625:Honorius IV
5575:Innocent IV
5534:Clement III
5484:Innocent II
5479:Honorius II
5469:Gelasius II
5449:Gregory VII
5439:Nicholas II
5399:Benedict IX
5344:Benedict VI
5319:Agapetus II
5294:Stephen VII
5269:Sergius III
5259:Benedict IV
5249:Theodore II
5234:Boniface VI
5133:Stephen III
5113:Gregory III
5103:Constantine
5068:Benedict II
5003:Adeodatus I
4998:Boniface IV
4978:Pelagius II
4938:Boniface II
4878:Celestine I
4817:Sylvester I
4802:Marcellus I
4797:Marcellinus
4732:Callixtus I
4717:Eleutherius
4692:Telesphorus
4682:Alexander I
4604:Papal names
4525:Works cited
4147:11 February
4121:11 February
4092:12 February
4061:11 February
4016:11 February
3990:18 February
3858:8 September
3792:renuntiatio
3775:c. 332
3676:16 February
3459:To end the
3450:Gregory XII
3404:Celestine V
3385:5 July 1294
3367:Accused of
3314:Benedict IX
3234:Benedict IX
3222:Benedict IX
3157:– July 1009
3145:, although
3111:(14 years+)
3079:Marcellinus
3060:30 June 296
3015:21 July 230
2993:Regnal name
2957:Celestine V
2949:Gregory XII
2898:Gregory XII
2875:Celestine V
2869:Celestine V
2842:Benedict IX
2818:Marcellinus
2702:Gregory XII
2644:renuntiatio
2519:Monasticism
2238:Cum proxime
2234:Historical
2148:Presumption
1915:Penitential
1905:Papal brief
1380:Roman Curia
963:Paenitemini
753:Holy Orders
543:Eastern law
482:Jus codicis
447: 1563
407:Decretalist
394:Jus commune
351: 1140
6272:Abdication
6266:Categories
6157:Modern Era
6087:(974–1012)
5991:John XXIII
5901:Clement XI
5876:Clement IX
5866:Innocent X
5861:Urban VIII
5856:Gregory XV
5780:Julius III
5715:Nicholas V
5680:Gregory XI
5665:Clement VI
5600:Innocent V
5590:Clement IV
5565:Gregory IX
5519:Lucius III
5499:Eugene III
5464:Paschal II
5454:Victor III
5434:Stephen IX
5419:Damasus II
5414:Clement II
5409:Gregory VI
5384:Sergius IV
5379:John XVIII
5329:Benedict V
5314:Marinus II
5239:Stephen VI
5219:Adrian III
5199:Nicholas I
5184:Sergius II
5179:Gregory IV
5159:Stephen IV
5123:Stephen II
5108:Gregory II
5028:Theodore I
5013:Honorius I
5008:Boniface V
4973:Benedict I
4963:Pelagius I
4948:Agapetus I
4908:Gelasius I
4898:Simplicius
4883:Sixtus III
4873:Boniface I
4863:Innocent I
4727:Zephyrinus
4641:Pope-elect
4617:non-extant
4484:2891272323
4340:The Tablet
3788:renuntiare
3755:renuntiare
3651:References
3358:Gregory VI
3267:Benedict V
3249:22 May 964
3173:John XVIII
3160:(5 years+)
3106:17 May 352
3065:(7 years+)
3039:Pontianus
3020:(5 years+)
2961:modern era
2863:Clement II
2855:Gregory VI
2826:John XVIII
2710:abdication
2460:Solemn vow
2370:Hostiensis
2357:Canonists
2341:The Jurist
2120:Procurator
2100:Officialis
1953:Canon 1324
1910:Papal bull
1888:Encyclical
1836:Imprimatur
1580:Visitation
1541:Obrogation
1502:Impediment
1473:Derogation
1357:in solidum
1130:particular
952:Feast days
907:Indulgence
811:Confession
747:Sacraments
385:Margaritae
54:Ius vigens
6081:(904–964)
6073:(756–857)
6067:(537–752)
6061:(493–537)
6053:(312–337)
5951:Pius VIII
5881:Clement X
5815:Urban VII
5765:Adrian VI
5755:Julius II
5735:Sixtus IV
5710:Eugene IV
5655:John XXII
5650:Clement V
5620:Martin IV
5595:Gregory X
5524:Urban III
5509:Adrian IV
5494:Lucius II
5429:Victor II
5374:John XVII
5364:Gregory V
5339:John XIII
5224:Stephen V
5214:Marinus I
5209:John VIII
5204:Adrian II
5174:Valentine
5169:Eugene II
5164:Paschal I
5098:Sisinnius
5083:Sergius I
5018:Severinus
4983:Gregory I
4953:Silverius
4923:Hormisdas
4918:Symmachus
4903:Felix III
4837:Damasus I
4812:Miltiades
4787:Eutychian
4777:Dionysius
4772:Sixtus II
4767:Stephen I
4757:Cornelius
4677:Evaristus
4672:Clement I
4667:Anacletus
4597:canonised
4592:graphical
4440:28 August
4399:28 August
4319:28 August
4293:28 August
4288:La Stampa
4267:28 August
4141:BBC.co.uk
3836:), p. 438
3620:Roman See
3543:in 1804,
3539:to crown
3345:(1-year+)
3254:(1 month)
3198:(1 month)
3178:Fasanius
3129:Liberius
2989:Portrait
2887:canonised
2704:in 1415.
2675:canon law
2361:Medieval
2066:Tribunals
2013:Interdict
1947:Penal law
1900:Ordinance
1873:Concordat
1707:Exemption
1662:Stole fee
1385:Dicastery
1321:sui juris
1187:sui juris
1184:Churches
1002:Ne Temere
883:Canon 915
873:Eucharist
763:Abstemius
572:Exarchate
562:Nomocanon
372:Decretist
343:Jus novum
217: 33
6282:Holy See
6238:Category
6212:Cold War
5986:Pius XII
5966:Leo XIII
5941:Pius VII
5810:Sixtus V
5775:Paul III
5750:Pius III
5705:Martin V
5685:Urban VI
5610:John XXI
5605:Adrian V
5585:Urban IV
5459:Urban II
5394:John XIX
5354:John XIV
5334:Leo VIII
5324:John XII
5229:Formosus
5138:Adrian I
5093:John VII
5043:Vitalian
5038:Eugene I
5033:Martin I
4988:Sabinian
4968:John III
4958:Vigilius
4933:Felix IV
4893:Hilarius
4842:Siricius
4832:Liberius
4827:Julius I
4807:Eusebius
4762:Lucius I
4722:Victor I
4707:Anicetus
4687:Sixtus I
4624:Antipope
4434:BBC News
4115:BBC News
3804:CIC 1917
3771:CIC 1983
3626:See also
3572:Portugal
3541:Napoleon
3286:Leo VIII
3230:antipope
3124:Liberius
2965:conclave
2822:Liberius
2694:Holy See
2661:antipope
2111:Parties
1925:Rescript
1883:Decretal
1717:Clerics
1640:Benefice
1599:Theology
1507:Donation
1319:Mission
1283:Chancery
1132:churches
1051:Affinity
943:(chapel)
888:Celebret
695:Red Mass
35:a series
33:Part of
6131:Perugia
6125:Orvieto
6119:Viterbo
6016:Francis
5996:Paul VI
5981:Pius XI
5961:Pius IX
5946:Leo XII
5936:Pius VI
5795:Pius IV
5790:Paul IV
5730:Paul II
5725:Pius II
5675:Urban V
5359:John XV
5304:Leo VII
5299:John XI
5254:John IX
5244:Romanus
5143:Leo III
5118:Zachary
5088:John VI
5023:John IV
4943:John II
4868:Zosimus
4782:Felix I
4747:Anterus
4742:Pontian
4737:Urban I
4697:Hyginus
4574:of the
4372:14 July
4221:6 March
4199:6 March
4038:17 July
3966:. 1913.
3739:1 April
3554:During
3519:Became
3290:Adaldag
3034:Pontian
2973:Francis
2945:Vatican
2906:Avignon
2814:Pontian
2802:History
2725:of the
2721:In the
2690:vacated
2654:of the
2451:Law of
2405:Brocard
2385:Rufinus
2365:Gratian
2197:Positio
2105:Auditor
1757:Office
1530:Peritus
1492:Faculty
1302:Eparchy
1288:Deanery
1215:nullius
1213:Abbacy
1071:Ligamen
1033:Vetitum
995:Tametsi
941:Oratory
567:Eparchy
467:Tametsi
449:-1918)
353:-1563)
229:Didache
219:-1140)
5971:Pius X
5851:Paul V
5846:Leo XI
5800:Pius V
5424:Leo IX
5289:Leo VI
5284:John X
5189:Leo IV
5128:Paul I
5073:John V
5063:Leo II
5058:Agatho
4928:John I
4752:Fabian
4702:Pius I
4612:extant
4608:Tombs
4481:
4346:16 May
4190:
3832:
3824:
3579:curial
3549:France
3424:canons
3409:O.S.B.
3369:simony
3334:papacy
3003:Notes
2911:, and
2879:hermit
2859:simony
2729:, the
2688:, who
1878:Decree
1851:Notary
1712:Heresy
1563:Simony
1497:Indult
1461:Custom
1350:Parish
926:Altars
513:Other
128:Custom
37:on the
5760:Leo X
5279:Lando
5264:Leo V
5078:Conon
5053:Donus
4888:Leo I
4792:Caius
4712:Soter
4662:Linus
4657:Peter
4572:Popes
4057:. CNN
3759:munus
3670:Slate
3643:Mainz
3537:Paris
2913:Pisan
2757:1917
2742:canon
2735:1983
2640:Latin
2514:Order
1868:Canon
505:1983
490:1917
62:1983
4822:Mark
4479:ISBN
4442:2017
4401:2017
4374:2021
4348:2018
4321:2017
4314:CRUX
4295:2017
4269:2017
4223:2012
4201:2012
4188:ISBN
4149:2013
4123:2013
4094:2013
4063:2013
4040:2013
4018:2013
3992:2013
3860:2017
3830:ISBN
3822:ISBN
3790:and
3741:2019
3678:2013
2830:monk
2806:The
2784:Dean
2692:the
2652:pope
2026:and
3984:CNN
3402:St
3077:St
3032:St
2941:CET
6268::
4459:.
4432:.
4391:.
4364:.
4338:.
4312:.
4286:.
4253:.
4151:.
4139:.
4113:.
4102:^
4080:.
4009:.
3981:.
3960:.
3938:.
3915:.
3879:.
3850:.
3828:,
3773:,
3732:.
3712:.
3686:^
3667:.
3585:,
3558:,
3551:.
3407:,
2975:.
2832:.
2663:.
2642::
2634:A
444:c.
348:c.
214:c.
4564:e
4557:t
4550:v
4518:)
4487:.
4463:.
4444:.
4403:.
4376:.
4350:.
4323:.
4297:.
4271:.
4225:.
4203:.
4125:.
4096:.
4065:.
4042:.
4020:.
3994:.
3862:.
3777:.
3743:.
3680:.
3100:.
2638:(
2623:e
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2609:v
2098:/
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212:(
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