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553:(designed to limit new car models to ensure an orderly return to production at the major firms), encouraged the firm to proceed with the expensive alternative of making the bodies and several other components out of aluminum. Thus the Dyna X and early Dyna Z series 1 had aluminum bodies. Unfortunately, cost calculations by Jean Panhard, the inheriting son and managing director of the firm, failed to account for the extra cost of aluminum vs steel. His calculations were made for the sheet metal panel area actually utilized per body shell, and did not account for the scrap of each of the stampings making up the shell. Once in production, a re-examination showed a cost of 55,700fr for aluminum shells and only 15,600fr for steel. The use of aluminum had pushed the firm close to bankruptcy, and a hurried engineering job returned the firm to steel. Thus, the later Dyna Z (from mid September 1955) and the successor PL 17 bodies were steel, and the major stampings retained the heavier gauge intended for durability with aluminum, so as to avoid complete replacement of the stamping dies.
1318:
1390:
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500:" and "Panhard DS" according to engine size, and introduced a year earlier. Publicity of the time indicated the "S" stood for "Voitures surbaissées" (cars having an "underslung" chassis,) but, clearly captivated by the power of alliteration, added that "S" also indicated cars that were "...souples, supérieures, stables, spacieuses, silencieuses, sans soupapes (i.e., using valveless cylinders)...". Four of the five Panhards exhibited featured increasingly lavish and pricey 6-cylinder engined cars, their engine sizes ranging from 2.35-litres to 3.5-litres. There was also an 8-cylinder 5.1 L (310 cu in) Panhard Type X67 on display, with a generous 3,590 mm (141.3 in) wheelbase and listed, even in bare chassis form, at 85,000 francs.
1444:
204:
1429:
1342:
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489:. The new Panhard 16CV "Six" came with a 3445cc engine and sat on a 3,540 mm (139.4 in) wheelbase. At the show it was priced, in bare chassis form, at 58,000 francs. Of the nine models displayed for the 1927 model year, seven featured four-cylinder engines, ranging in capacity from 1480cc (10CV) to 4845cc (20CV), and in price from 31,000 francs to 75,000 francs (all in bare chassis form). Also on show was an example of the 8-cylinder 6350cc (35CV) "Huit" model which Panhard had offered since 1921 and which at the 1926 show was priced by the manufacturer in bare chassis form at 99,000 francs.
471:. The steel sleeves were thinner and lighter than the cast iron ones that had been fitted in Panhard sleeve valve engines since 1910, and this already gave rise to an improved friction coefficient permitting engines to run at higher speeds. To reduce further the risk of engines jamming, the outer sleeves, which are less thermally stressed than the inner sleeves, were coated on their inner sides with an anti-friction material, employing a patented technique with which Panhard engineers had been working since 1923. This was one of several improvements applied by Panhard engineers to the basic
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376:. Between 1910 and 1924 the Panhard & Levassor catalogue listed plenty of models with conventional valve engines, but these were offered alongside cars powered by sleeve valve power units. Following various detailed improvements to the sleeve valve technology by Panhard's own engineering department, from 1924 till 1940 all Panhard cars used
594:
The last
Panhard passenger car was built in 1967. After assembling 2CV panel trucks for Citroën to utilize capacity during falling sales, and raising operating cash by selling ownership progressively to Citroën, respectively to its mother company Michelin (full control as of 1965), in autumn of 1967
420:
Following the return to peace in 1918, Panhard resumed passenger car production in March 1919 with the 10HP Panhard Type X19, which used a 4-cylinder 2,140 cc (131 cu in) engine. This was followed three months later by three more 4-cylinder models which will have been familiar to any
1162:
The K nomenclature was standardised for
Panhard cargo vehicles by the early 20th century. However, Panhard also had, for the same models listed, two other naming options: a 5-letter system designating the class and other using a combination of letters and numbers for the chassis type
567:
concept, the styling of the Dyna Z was distinctively smooth and rounded, with an emphasis on aerodynamics and an overall minimalist design. The 24CT was a later (from summer 1963 on) stylish 2+2 seater; the 24BT being a version of the same with a longer wheelbase and space for four.
1365:
407:
himself used two 35HP Panhard Type X35s with massive 4-cylinder 7,360 cc (449 cu in) engines for his personal transport, and these were frequently to be seen by
Parisians carrying military leaders between the front-line and the
1377:
628:(also called Panhard bar), a suspension link invented by Panhard that provides lateral location of the axle. This device has been widely used on other automobiles or as an aftermarket upgrade to rear axles for vintage American cars.
1317:
1894:
Bellu, René (November 1996). "La
Panhard Dynamic: Sa carosserie étonne et sa conception technique réserve elle aussi des surprises" [Its surprising appearance and concept still hides some surprises].
399:
Panhard, like other leading automobile producers, concentrated on war production, including large numbers of military trucks, V12-cylinder aero-engines, gun components, and large 75 and 105 diameter shells.
278:
to carry on her late husband's agency. The
Panhard et Levassor license was finalised by Louise, who married Levassor in 1890. Daimler and Levassor became friends, and shared improvements with one another.
358:
succeeded
Levassor as General Manager in 1897, and held the job until 1916. He turned the Panhard et Levassor Company into one of the largest and most profitable manufacturers of automobiles before
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1389:
270:
Panhard et
Levassor sold their first automobile in 1890, based on a Daimler engine license. Levassor obtained his licence from Paris lawyer Edouard Sarazin, a friend and representative of
335:
in 1928.) This was to become the standard layout for automobiles for most of the next century. The same year, Panhard et
Levassor shared their Daimler engine license with bicycle maker
1968:
2615:
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in
October 1930, their last two four-cylinder models had been withdrawn, along with the 10CV six-cylinder Type X59. Instead they concentrated on their "S-series" cars, designated "
2080:
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With an "underslung" chassis, the axles were placed directly above (rather than beneath) the chassis “floor”, so that the car's height and centre of gravity could be reduced.
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Panhard has supplied more than 18,000 military wheeled vehicles to over 50 countries with a range of combat vehicles weighing less than 10 tonnes, as follows:
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From 1910 Panhard worked to develop engines without conventional valves, using under license the sleeve valve technology that had been patented by the
American
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In 1925 a 4,800 cc (290 cu in) model set the world record for the fastest hour run, an average of 185.51 km/h (115.26 mph).
610:, in 2005. However, the fame of Panhard being greater, it was decided to retain the name; the PVP designed by Auverland would bear a Panhard badge.
3093:
1765:
The prize would go to Koechlin's Peugeot, instead, since the Panhard et Levassor had only two seats, while the rules required four. Georgano, p.20.
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racers ("DB Panhard") picked up this mantle and went on to dominate the "Index of Performance" as well as other small-engine racing classes.
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in 1950, 1951, and 1952. In 1953, Panhard moved on to a more direct involvement with Chancel, which however came to an end after the deadly
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race, Levassor was fatally injured due to a crash while trying to avoid hitting a dog, and died in Paris the following year.
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1933:
2116:
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the civilian branch was absorbed by Citroën, and the marque was retired. From 1968 Panhard only made armored vehicles.
351:
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2019:
1996:
1639:
1534:
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392:, which ran from 1913 till 1920, Panhard & Levassor's 18CV and 20CV models were the official presidential cars.
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and other clients such as Robert Chancel), using it to good effect in winning the "Index of Performance" class at
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for his "Voiture du Bled" (VdB) off-road vehicle, built in Morocco in small numbers in the early 1950s.
1295:
549:. The company had long noted the weight advantages of aluminum, and this as well as postwar government
2893:
2770:
226:. It was a manufacturer of light tactical and military vehicles. Its final incarnation, now owned by
429:, in October 1919, Panhard were displaying four models, all with four cylinder engines, as follows:
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31:
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in October 1926, in the shape of the manufacturer's first six-cylinder model since before the
2680:
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274:'s interests in France. Following Sarazin's 1887 death, Daimler commissioned Sarazin's widow
425:, but they now incorporated ungraded electrics and a number of other modifications. For the
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These first vehicles set many modern standards, but each was a one-off design. They used a
154:
Panhard et Levassor (1887–1895). This model was the first registered automobile in Portugal
529:
the company was renamed Panhard (without "Levassor"), and produced light cars such as the
309:
In 1891, the company built its first all-Levassor design, a "state of the art" model: the
8:
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572:
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311:
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2015:
1992:
1971:[Defense: Panhard reinforces Renault Trucks Defense] (in French). La Tribune.
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783:
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of the French Army. This allowed Auverland to purchase Panhard, then a subsidiary of
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271:
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In 2004, Panhard lost a competition to another manufacturer of military vehicles,
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1936:[Monopole: The other DB] (in French). Panhard Racing Team. Archived from
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486:
422:
396:
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Panhards won numerous races from 1895 to 1903. Panhard et Levassor developed the
222:
was a French motor vehicle manufacturer that began as one of the first makers of
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83:
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Panhard et Levassor's last pre-war car was the unusually styled monocoque
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2191:
2181:
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1359:
Panhard et Levassor water-cooled 2-cylinder automobile engine, circa 1900
1282:
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1200:
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625:
621:
since 2001, finalized the acquisition of Panhard for 62.5 million euros.
618:
511:
366:
359:
332:
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142:
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The military were also keen on the sleeve valve engined Panhard 20HP.
234:
in 2005, and then by Renault in 2012. In 2018 Renault Trucks Defense,
195:
112:
2939:
2730:
2493:
2461:
2404:
2273:
2268:
1689:
1299:
599:
316:
231:
2061:
1604:, a suspension component designed by Panhard still in automotive use
799:
510:
Panhard et Levassor also produced railbuses, including some for the
369:, which came to be used in many other types of automobiles as well.
302:, Alfred Vacheron equipped his 4 hp (3 kW) Panhard with a
2822:
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2780:
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2186:
1420:
794:
772:
762:
350:
race, one piloted solo by Levassor, for 48Âľhr. However, during the
328:
306:, believed to be one of the earliest employments of the principle.
291:
150:
1371:
Panhard et Levassor 2,4 litres Phaéton coachwork by Kellner (1901)
2849:
2832:
2745:
2700:
2675:
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2640:
2625:
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2523:
2513:
2414:
1714:. Paris. pp. 456–457, picture of the Vacheron-Car on p. 457.
1419:
Panhard et Levassor X46 2300cc (1924) Saloon by Salmons and Son,
287:
1241:(deep penetration vehicle), VBL based special operations vehicle
294:. An 1895 Panhard et Levassor is credited with the first modern
254:, and was established as an automobile manufacturing concern by
2750:
2552:
2540:
2488:
2473:
2446:
2355:
2089:
132:
2094:
30:
This article is about the French company. For other uses, see
2861:
2765:
2760:
2557:
2535:
2399:
2213:
2161:
2125:
1570:
575:
racing cars received unofficial support from Panhard (as did
235:
128:
27:
Former French motor vehicle manufacturer, now part of Arquus
2925:
Organisation Internationale des Constructeurs d'Automobiles
2218:
587:. In the latter half of the 1950s and the early 1960s, the
44:
1989:
Panhard & Levassor: Pioneers in Automobile Excellence
1969:"DĂ©fense : Panhard renforce Renault Trucks DĂ©fense"
1281:
in 16 countries which includes 1600 in service with the
556:
The air-cooled flat-twin engine of the Dyna was used by
1899:(in French) (7). Paris: Histoire & Collections: 31.
3034:
Vehicle manufacturing companies disestablished in 2012
1686:"Reinvent The Wheel – A Nonstandard Look at Standards"
323:, and a crude sliding-gear transmission, sold at 3500
3024:
Vehicle manufacturing companies established in 1887
1323:
Panhard et Levassor 4 CV with Wagonette body (1896)
446:(This replaced the 12 HP Panhard Type 25 for 1920.)
1861:
1859:
1857:
1855:
1853:
1833:
1831:
1829:
1827:
1825:
1957:Panhard: The Flat Twin Cars 1945-1967 David Beare
1874:. Paris: Histoire & collections: 74–76. 2008.
1868:Toutes les voitures françaises 1931 (Salon 1930)
1840:Toutes les voitures françaises 1927 (Salon 1926)
1812:Toutes les voitures françaises 1925 (Salon 1924)
1805:
1803:
1801:
1788:Toutes les voitures françaises 1920 (Salon 1919)
1781:
1779:
1777:
1775:
1773:
1771:
624:Today the only use of the name Panhard is in the
492:When Panhard presented their 1931 line-up at the
2995:
1737:
1735:
795:Partial lists of trucks and buses (not armoured)
481:A surprise appeared on the Panhard stand at the
1850:
1822:
724:
1846:. Paris: Histoire & collections: 74. 2006.
1818:. Paris: Histoire & collections: 74. 2005.
1798:
1794:. Paris: Histoire & collections: 74. 2004.
1768:
1335:Panhard et Levassor Landaulette type A1 (1898)
571:For a period after the war, the Panhard-based
262:, and Belgian lawyer Edouard Sarazin in 1887.
230:, was formed by the acquisition of Panhard by
2338:
2110:
1732:
1960:
463:By 1925, all Panhard's cars were powered by
342:In 1895, 1,205 cc (74 cu in)
290:. The vehicle also featured a front-mounted
2035:Panhard & Levassor, Brass Era, volume 2
2012:Panhard & Levassor, Brass Era, volume 1
1927:
1925:
1598:, Panhard General Manager from 1897 to 1916
1449:Panhard et Levassor Eclipse (1934) Pourtout
238:and Panhard combined under a single brand,
2345:
2331:
2117:
2103:
1724:: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (
1683:
1383:Panhard et Levassor 7 CV Voiturette (1902)
1294:9,500 vehicles under 7 tonnes; most being
1169:
346:vehicles finished first and second in the
1991:. Stroud, Glos, UK: Amberley Publishing.
1347:Panhard et Levassor automobile circa 1900
2079:) is being considered for deletion. See
2032:
2009:
1931:
1922:
1634:, London: Grange-Universal, p. 16,
1173:
798:
520:
210:
202:
194:
183:
175:
167:
157:
149:
3094:French companies disestablished in 2012
1966:
1903:
421:customers whose memories pre-dated the
327:s. (It would remain the standard until
14:
3089:Manufacturing companies based in Paris
2996:
1709:
1473:Panhard Dyna 750 Coupé Allemano (1952)
1395:Panhard et Levassor Char-Ă -banc (1903)
1253:
3069:Rolling stock manufacturers of France
2326:
2098:
1986:
636:
3074:French companies established in 1887
2978:
1239:VĂ©hicule d'Action dans la Profondeur
415:
24:
3064:Luxury motor vehicle manufacturers
1915:(museum placard), Saumur, France:
1659:Daimler: Leaders and Personalities
1632:Cars: Early and Vintage, 1886-1930
1298:-like vehicles produced under the
507:series, first introduced in 1936.
383:
339:, who formed his own car company.
25:
3105:
2585:Toyota Motor Manufacturing France
2083:to help reach a consensus. ›
2053:
1527:Engin Blindé de Reconnaissance 75
1434:Panhard et Levassor Cabrio-Coupé
1262:5,400 armoured wheeled vehicles (
457:Panhard Type X29 4,850 cc / 20 HP
454:Panhard Type X28 3,175 cc / 16 HP
438:Panhard Type X31 2,275 cc / 12 HP
435:Panhard Type X19 2,150 cc / 10 HP
2977:
2968:
2967:
2904:Musée Automobile Reims Champagne
2354:
1547:
1541:Auto Mitrailleuse Légère HE-60-7
1533:
1519:
1505:
1490:
1478:
1466:
1454:
1442:
1427:
1412:
1407:Panhard et Levassor 10 CV (1914)
1400:
1388:
1376:
1364:
1352:
1340:
1328:
1316:
1244:VPS: P4 based SAS Patrol vehicle
43:
2124:
1979:
1951:
1887:
1878:
1461:Panhard Dyna X 86 Saloon (1952)
602:, for the choice of the future
3054:Military vehicle manufacturers
3039:Cars powered by Knight engines
1759:
1747:
1712:The World on Wheels - Volume I
1703:
1688:. infoChachkie. Archived from
1677:
1647:
1620:
265:
250:Panhard was originally called
13:
1:
3084:2012 mergers and acquisitions
3079:2005 mergers and acquisitions
3059:Truck manufacturers of France
2361:Automotive industry in France
2068:
1608:
1205:PVPXL / AVXL: an enlarged AVL
563:Drawing inspiration from the
475:sleeve-valve engine concept.
2209:Volvo Construction Equipment
2033:Vladimir, Vershinin (2021).
2010:Vladimir, Vershinin (2021).
1934:"Monopole : l'Autre DB"
1655:"Louise and Edouard Sarazin"
1291:—selected by the French Army
1234:multipurpose armored vehicle
725:Cars with Panhard technology
315:consisted of four wheels, a
180:1933 Panhard et Levassor X74
164:Daimler Motor Carriage, 1894
67:; 137 years ago
7:
3044:Car manufacturers of France
3029:Defence companies of France
2899:Musée de l'Aventure Peugeot
1564:
816:Introduction date (decade)
803:Panhard K 50 from the 1930s
190:Panhard et Levassor Dynamic
10:
3110:
2312:. Joint venture with SDLG.
1893:
1306:
515:Chemin de fer du Finistère
352:1896 Paris–Marseille–Paris
286:to operate a chain-driven
245:
29:
2963:
2917:
2886:
2870:
2805:
2603:
2392:
2385:
2367:
2303:
2282:
2239:
2132:
1932:Abeillon, Pierre (2010).
1753:
1741:
1684:Greathouse, John (2008).
1626:
1161:
1156:
815:
812:
809:
631:
172:12 h.p. Panhard, ca. 1902
138:
124:
108:
93:
79:
61:
51:
42:
2226:Volvo Financial Services
2081:templates for discussion
1967:Cabirol, Michel (2012).
1613:
467:engines that used steel
388:Under the presidency of
32:Panhard (disambiguation)
3009:Arthur Constantin Krebs
2062:Arquus official website
1596:Arthur Constantin Krebs
1170:Current military models
207:1960 Panhard DB Le Mans
120:(for military vehicles)
2178:VE Commercial Vehicles
2171:Renault Trucks Defense
1186:
804:
617:, division of Swedish
615:Renault Trucks Defense
228:Renault Trucks Defense
216:
208:
200:
192:
181:
173:
165:
155:
118:Renault Trucks Defense
115:(for civilian vehicle)
1987:Beare, David (2017).
1710:Duncan, H.O. (1927).
1485:Panhard Dyna Z (1958)
1177:
802:
521:Post-World War II era
483:20th Paris Motor Show
427:15th Paris Motor Show
214:
206:
198:
187:
179:
171:
162:Panhard et Levassor's
161:
153:
2894:Cité de l'Automobile
2410:Automobiles Chatenet
735:Construction period
647:Construction period
378:sleeve valve engines
348:Paris–Bordeaux–Paris
317:front-mounted engine
2945:24 Hours of Le Mans
2430:Mercedes-Benz Group
2377:Transport in France
2308:Joint venture with
1254:Vehicles in service
1036:K 219 (ALM VS 237)
1025:K 188 (ALM VS 215)
673:Panhard Dyna Junior
608:PSA Peugeot Citroën
465:Knight sleeve valve
374:Charles Yale Knight
344:Panhard et Levassor
252:Panhard et Levassor
199:1955 DB Panhard HBR
39:
18:Panhard et Levassor
2499:Norma Auto Concept
1912:La Voiture du Bled
1665:on 9 November 2013
1187:
810:Model designation
805:
637:Panhard car models
217:
209:
201:
193:
182:
174:
166:
156:
37:
2991:
2990:
2950:French Grand Prix
2801:
2800:
2686:Lorraine-Dietrich
2372:Economy of France
2320:
2319:
1917:Musée des Blindés
1630:(November 1990),
1576:St Chamond (tank)
1167:
1166:
792:
791:
722:
721:
613:In October 2012,
300:Paris–Rouen Rally
215:1964 Panhard 24CT
148:
147:
16:(Redirected from
3101:
2981:
2980:
2971:
2970:
2930:Paris Motor Show
2390:
2389:
2359:
2358:
2347:
2340:
2333:
2324:
2323:
2313:
2295:Volvo Ocean Race
2119:
2112:
2105:
2096:
2095:
2065:
2064:
2048:
2025:
2002:
1973:
1972:
1964:
1958:
1955:
1949:
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1945:
1929:
1920:
1919:
1907:
1901:
1900:
1891:
1885:
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1876:
1875:
1863:
1848:
1847:
1835:
1820:
1819:
1807:
1796:
1795:
1783:
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1763:
1757:
1751:
1745:
1739:
1730:
1729:
1723:
1715:
1707:
1701:
1700:
1698:
1697:
1681:
1675:
1674:
1672:
1670:
1661:. Archived from
1651:
1645:
1644:
1624:
1551:
1537:
1523:
1509:
1494:
1482:
1470:
1458:
1446:
1431:
1416:
1404:
1392:
1380:
1368:
1356:
1344:
1332:
1320:
900:
807:
806:
729:
728:
641:
640:
494:Paris Motor Show
416:Inter-war period
390:Raymond Poincaré
321:rear wheel drive
272:Gottlieb Daimler
104:
102:
75:
73:
68:
47:
40:
36:
21:
3109:
3108:
3104:
3103:
3102:
3100:
3099:
3098:
2994:
2993:
2992:
2987:
2959:
2913:
2909:Renault Classic
2882:
2866:
2797:
2599:
2381:
2363:
2353:
2351:
2321:
2316:
2307:
2299:
2278:
2241:
2235:
2136:
2135:joint ventures
2134:
2128:
2123:
2084:
2060:
2059:
2056:
2051:
2045:
2028:
2022:
2005:
1999:
1982:
1977:
1976:
1965:
1961:
1956:
1952:
1943:
1941:
1930:
1923:
1909:
1908:
1904:
1892:
1888:
1883:
1879:
1866:"Automobilia".
1865:
1864:
1851:
1838:"Automobilia".
1837:
1836:
1823:
1810:"Automobilia".
1809:
1808:
1799:
1786:"Automobilia".
1785:
1784:
1769:
1764:
1760:
1752:
1748:
1740:
1733:
1717:
1716:
1708:
1704:
1695:
1693:
1682:
1678:
1668:
1666:
1653:
1652:
1648:
1642:
1628:Georgano, G. N.
1625:
1621:
1616:
1611:
1567:
1562:
1561:
1560:
1557:
1552:
1543:
1538:
1529:
1524:
1515:
1510:
1501:
1495:
1486:
1483:
1474:
1471:
1462:
1459:
1450:
1447:
1438:
1432:
1423:
1417:
1408:
1405:
1396:
1393:
1384:
1381:
1372:
1369:
1360:
1357:
1348:
1345:
1336:
1333:
1324:
1321:
1309:
1256:
1172:
894:
797:
727:
663:Panhard Dynavia
639:
634:
565:Panhard Dynavia
551:steel rationing
523:
418:
386:
384:First World War
312:Système Panhard
298:. For the 1894
268:
248:
163:
116:
100:
98:
71:
69:
66:
35:
28:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
3107:
3097:
3096:
3091:
3086:
3081:
3076:
3071:
3066:
3061:
3056:
3051:
3046:
3041:
3036:
3031:
3026:
3021:
3016:
3011:
3006:
2989:
2988:
2986:
2985:
2975:
2964:
2961:
2960:
2958:
2957:
2952:
2947:
2942:
2937:
2932:
2927:
2921:
2919:
2918:Related topics
2915:
2914:
2912:
2911:
2906:
2901:
2896:
2890:
2888:
2884:
2883:
2881:
2880:
2874:
2872:
2868:
2867:
2865:
2864:
2859:
2857:Sodemo Moteurs
2854:
2853:
2852:
2842:
2841:
2840:
2830:
2825:
2820:
2815:
2809:
2807:
2803:
2802:
2799:
2798:
2796:
2795:
2790:
2785:
2784:
2783:
2781:Deutsch-Bonnet
2778:
2773:
2768:
2758:
2753:
2748:
2743:
2738:
2733:
2728:
2723:
2718:
2713:
2708:
2703:
2698:
2693:
2688:
2683:
2678:
2673:
2668:
2663:
2658:
2653:
2648:
2643:
2638:
2633:
2628:
2623:
2618:
2613:
2607:
2605:
2601:
2600:
2598:
2597:
2592:
2587:
2582:
2581:
2580:
2575:
2570:
2560:
2555:
2550:
2549:
2548:
2543:
2538:
2531:Renault Trucks
2528:
2527:
2526:
2521:
2514:Groupe Renault
2511:
2506:
2501:
2496:
2491:
2486:
2481:
2476:
2471:
2470:
2469:
2459:
2454:
2449:
2444:
2442:De La Chapelle
2439:
2438:
2437:
2427:
2422:
2417:
2412:
2407:
2402:
2396:
2394:
2387:
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2374:
2368:
2365:
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2342:
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2327:
2318:
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2315:
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2304:
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2298:
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2280:
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2271:
2266:
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2256:
2251:
2245:
2243:
2237:
2236:
2234:
2233:
2228:
2223:
2222:
2221:
2216:
2206:
2205:
2204:
2196:
2195:
2194:
2189:
2179:
2176:
2175:
2174:
2173:
2172:
2169:
2164:
2154:Renault Trucks
2151:
2150:
2149:
2140:
2138:
2133:Subsidiaries,
2130:
2129:
2122:
2121:
2114:
2107:
2099:
2093:
2092:
2066:
2055:
2054:External links
2052:
2050:
2049:
2043:
2029:
2027:
2026:
2020:
2006:
2004:
2003:
1997:
1983:
1981:
1978:
1975:
1974:
1959:
1950:
1921:
1902:
1886:
1877:
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1821:
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1304:
1303:
1292:
1285:
1275:
1255:
1252:
1251:
1250:
1245:
1242:
1235:
1230:VBR: enlarged
1228:
1223:
1218:
1215:
1212:
1209:
1206:
1203:
1198:
1193:
1171:
1168:
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1120:
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1103:
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988:
985:
982:
978:
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952:
949:
945:
944:
941:
938:
934:
933:
930:
927:
921:
920:
917:
914:
908:
907:
904:
901:
888:
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881:
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864:
863:
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726:
723:
720:
719:
716:
710:
709:
706:
700:
699:
696:
689:
688:
685:
683:Panhard Dyna Z
679:
678:
675:
669:
668:
665:
659:
658:
655:
653:Panhard Dyna X
649:
648:
645:
638:
635:
633:
630:
589:Deutsch Bonnet
522:
519:
461:
460:
459:
458:
455:
451:
450:
449:
448:
440:
439:
436:
417:
414:
405:General Joffre
385:
382:
337:Armand Peugeot
304:steering wheel
267:
264:
260:Émile Levassor
247:
244:
146:
145:
140:
136:
135:
126:
122:
121:
110:
106:
105:
95:
91:
90:
88:Émile Levassor
81:
77:
76:
63:
59:
58:
53:
49:
48:
26:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
3106:
3095:
3092:
3090:
3087:
3085:
3082:
3080:
3077:
3075:
3072:
3070:
3067:
3065:
3062:
3060:
3057:
3055:
3052:
3050:
3049:French brands
3047:
3045:
3042:
3040:
3037:
3035:
3032:
3030:
3027:
3025:
3022:
3020:
3017:
3015:
3012:
3010:
3007:
3005:
3002:
3001:
2999:
2984:
2976:
2974:
2966:
2965:
2962:
2956:
2953:
2951:
2948:
2946:
2943:
2941:
2938:
2936:
2933:
2931:
2928:
2926:
2923:
2922:
2920:
2916:
2910:
2907:
2905:
2902:
2900:
2897:
2895:
2892:
2891:
2889:
2885:
2879:
2876:
2875:
2873:
2869:
2863:
2860:
2858:
2855:
2851:
2848:
2847:
2846:
2845:Renault Sport
2843:
2839:
2838:Peugeot Sport
2836:
2835:
2834:
2831:
2829:
2826:
2824:
2821:
2819:
2816:
2814:
2811:
2810:
2808:
2804:
2794:
2791:
2789:
2786:
2782:
2779:
2777:
2774:
2772:
2769:
2767:
2764:
2763:
2762:
2759:
2757:
2754:
2752:
2749:
2747:
2744:
2742:
2739:
2737:
2734:
2732:
2729:
2727:
2724:
2722:
2719:
2717:
2714:
2712:
2709:
2707:
2704:
2702:
2699:
2697:
2694:
2692:
2689:
2687:
2684:
2682:
2679:
2677:
2674:
2672:
2669:
2667:
2664:
2662:
2659:
2657:
2654:
2652:
2649:
2647:
2644:
2642:
2639:
2637:
2634:
2632:
2631:Avions Voisin
2629:
2627:
2624:
2622:
2619:
2617:
2614:
2612:
2609:
2608:
2606:
2602:
2596:
2593:
2591:
2588:
2586:
2583:
2579:
2576:
2574:
2571:
2569:
2566:
2565:
2564:
2561:
2559:
2556:
2554:
2551:
2547:
2544:
2542:
2539:
2537:
2534:
2533:
2532:
2529:
2525:
2522:
2520:
2517:
2516:
2515:
2512:
2510:
2507:
2505:
2502:
2500:
2497:
2495:
2492:
2490:
2487:
2485:
2482:
2480:
2477:
2475:
2472:
2468:
2465:
2464:
2463:
2460:
2458:
2455:
2453:
2450:
2448:
2445:
2443:
2440:
2436:
2433:
2432:
2431:
2428:
2426:
2423:
2421:
2418:
2416:
2413:
2411:
2408:
2406:
2403:
2401:
2398:
2397:
2395:
2391:
2388:
2386:Manufacturers
2384:
2378:
2375:
2373:
2370:
2369:
2366:
2362:
2357:
2348:
2343:
2341:
2336:
2334:
2329:
2328:
2325:
2311:
2310:Eicher Motors
2306:
2305:
2302:
2296:
2293:
2291:
2288:
2287:
2285:
2281:
2275:
2272:
2270:
2267:
2265:
2262:
2260:
2257:
2255:
2252:
2250:
2247:
2246:
2244:
2238:
2232:
2229:
2227:
2224:
2220:
2217:
2215:
2212:
2211:
2210:
2207:
2203:Volvo Defense
2202:
2201:
2200:
2197:
2193:
2190:
2188:
2185:
2184:
2183:
2180:
2177:
2170:
2168:
2165:
2163:
2160:
2159:
2157:
2156:
2155:
2152:
2147:
2146:
2145:
2142:
2141:
2139:
2137:and divisions
2131:
2127:
2120:
2115:
2113:
2108:
2106:
2101:
2100:
2097:
2091:
2087:
2082:
2078:
2077:
2072:
2067:
2063:
2058:
2057:
2046:
2044:9781034604112
2040:
2036:
2031:
2030:
2023:
2021:9781034598800
2017:
2013:
2008:
2007:
2000:
1998:9781445665344
1994:
1990:
1985:
1984:
1970:
1963:
1954:
1940:on 2013-05-25
1939:
1935:
1928:
1926:
1918:
1914:
1913:
1906:
1898:
1890:
1881:
1873:
1869:
1862:
1860:
1858:
1856:
1854:
1845:
1841:
1834:
1832:
1830:
1828:
1826:
1817:
1813:
1806:
1804:
1802:
1793:
1789:
1782:
1780:
1778:
1776:
1774:
1772:
1762:
1755:
1750:
1743:
1738:
1736:
1727:
1721:
1713:
1706:
1692:on 2010-12-04
1691:
1687:
1680:
1664:
1660:
1656:
1650:
1643:
1641:9780517480731
1637:
1633:
1629:
1623:
1619:
1603:
1600:
1597:
1594:
1592:
1589:
1587:
1584:
1582:
1579:
1577:
1574:
1572:
1569:
1568:
1556:
1550:
1545:
1542:
1536:
1531:
1528:
1522:
1517:
1514:
1508:
1503:
1499:
1493:
1488:
1481:
1476:
1469:
1464:
1457:
1452:
1445:
1440:
1437:
1430:
1425:
1422:
1415:
1410:
1403:
1398:
1391:
1386:
1379:
1374:
1367:
1362:
1355:
1350:
1343:
1338:
1331:
1326:
1319:
1314:
1313:
1301:
1297:
1293:
1290:
1286:
1284:
1280:
1276:
1273:
1269:
1268:ERC 90 Sagaie
1265:
1261:
1260:
1259:
1249:
1246:
1243:
1240:
1236:
1233:
1229:
1227:
1226:ERC 90 Sagaie
1224:
1222:
1219:
1216:
1213:
1210:
1207:
1204:
1202:
1199:
1197:
1194:
1192:
1189:
1188:
1185:
1181:
1176:
1160:
1155:
1151:
1148:
1145:
1144:
1140:
1137:
1134:
1133:
1129:
1126:
1123:
1122:
1118:
1115:
1112:
1111:
1107:
1104:
1101:
1100:
1096:
1093:
1090:
1089:
1085:
1082:
1079:
1078:
1074:
1071:
1068:
1067:
1063:
1060:
1057:
1056:
1052:
1049:
1046:
1045:
1041:
1038:
1035:
1034:
1030:
1027:
1024:
1023:
1019:
1016:
1013:
1012:
1008:
1005:
1002:
1001:
997:
994:
991:
990:
986:
983:
980:
979:
975:
972:
969:
968:
964:
961:
958:
957:
953:
950:
947:
946:
942:
939:
936:
935:
931:
928:
926:
923:
922:
918:
915:
913:
910:
909:
905:
902:
898:
893:
890:
889:
885:
882:
879:
878:
874:
871:
869:
866:
865:
861:
858:
856:
853:
852:
848:
845:
842:
841:
837:
834:
831:
830:
826:
823:
820:
819:
808:
801:
787:
785:
782:
781:
777:
774:
771:
770:
766:
764:
761:
760:
756:
753:
750:
749:
745:
743:
739:
738:
734:
731:
730:
717:
715:
712:
711:
707:
705:
702:
701:
697:
694:
693:Panhard PL 17
691:
690:
686:
684:
681:
680:
676:
674:
671:
670:
666:
664:
661:
660:
656:
654:
651:
650:
646:
643:
642:
629:
627:
622:
620:
616:
611:
609:
605:
601:
596:
592:
590:
586:
582:
578:
574:
569:
566:
561:
559:
554:
552:
548:
544:
540:
536:
532:
528:
518:
516:
513:
508:
506:
501:
499:
495:
490:
488:
484:
479:
476:
474:
470:
466:
456:
453:
452:
447:
444:
443:
442:
441:
437:
434:
433:
432:
431:
430:
428:
424:
413:
411:
410:Élysée Palace
406:
401:
398:
393:
391:
381:
379:
375:
370:
368:
363:
361:
357:
353:
349:
345:
340:
338:
334:
330:
326:
322:
318:
314:
313:
307:
305:
301:
297:
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56:Manufacturing
54:
50:
46:
41:
33:
19:
2711:Mia electric
2545:
2435:Smart France
2290:Volvo Museum
2242:subsidiaries
2214:Terex Trucks
2199:Volvo Trucks
2166:
2148:Mack Defense
2074:
2034:
2011:
1988:
1980:Bibliography
1962:
1953:
1942:. Retrieved
1938:the original
1911:
1905:
1896:
1889:
1880:
1871:
1867:
1843:
1839:
1815:
1811:
1791:
1787:
1761:
1749:
1711:
1705:
1694:. Retrieved
1690:the original
1679:
1667:. Retrieved
1663:the original
1658:
1649:
1631:
1622:
1257:
1248:Panhard CRAB
784:Sera-Panhard
623:
612:
597:
593:
585:1955 Le Mans
570:
562:
558:Georges Irat
555:
527:World War II
524:
509:
502:
491:
480:
477:
462:
445:
419:
402:
394:
387:
371:
364:
356:Arthur Krebs
343:
341:
324:
310:
308:
296:transmission
284:clutch pedal
281:
269:
256:René Panhard
251:
249:
239:
219:
218:
125:Headquarters
84:René Panhard
2935:RĂ©tromobile
2833:Peugeot GTI
2813:Electricfil
2788:Talbot-Lago
2771:René Bonnet
2590:Y.O Concept
2467:Heuliez Bus
2264:Volvo Rents
2231:Volvo Penta
2182:Volvo Buses
2144:Mack Trucks
2126:Volvo Group
2069:‹ The
1897:Automobilia
1602:Panhard bar
1591:Panhard AML
1586:Panhard EBR
1581:Panhard 178
1513:Panhard 178
1287:933 A4 AVL—
1283:French Army
1270:, and LYNX
1184:French Army
895: [
843:2.5 tonnes
626:Panhard rod
619:Volvo Group
512:metre gauge
395:During the
367:Panhard rod
360:World War I
333:synchromesh
331:introduced
266:Early years
224:automobiles
2998:Categories
2955:Autoroutes
2878:RCI Banque
2828:OPmobility
2806:Components
2726:MPM Motors
2661:Facel Vega
2611:Aerocarene
2563:Stellantis
2484:Motobécane
2259:Volvo Cars
2254:Volvo Aero
1944:2012-05-03
1696:2011-01-04
1669:9 November
1609:References
1500:CT, (1966)
1498:Panhard 24
1221:Peugeot P4
1116:Truck/bus
1094:Truck/bus
1072:Truck/bus
1006:Truck/bus
788:1959–1961
778:1958–1964
767:1954–1961
754:Scarlette
746:1949–1954
718:1963–1967
714:Panhard 24
708:1962–1965
704:Panhard CD
698:1959–1965
687:1953–1959
677:1951–1956
657:1945–1954
498:Panhard CS
2940:Euro NCAP
2736:Rosengart
2731:PSA Group
2681:Hotchkiss
2646:Bellanger
2494:Navya SAS
2462:Iveco Bus
2405:Auverland
2274:UD Trucks
2269:Blaw-Knox
2037:. Blurb.
2014:. Blurb.
1720:cite book
1300:Auverland
832:2 tonnes
752:Rosengart
600:Auverland
232:Auverland
109:Successor
2973:Category
2823:Michelin
2818:Faurecia
2696:Marathon
2666:Ford SAF
2656:Delahaye
2479:Microcar
2249:DAF Cars
2187:Nova Bus
2071:template
1754:Georgano
1742:Georgano
1565:See also
1436:Pourtout
1421:Tickford
775:Le Mans
763:DB HBR 5
573:Monopole
329:Cadillac
292:radiator
139:Products
52:Industry
3019:Renault
3014:Citroën
3004:Panhard
2983:Commons
2887:Museums
2871:Finance
2850:Gordini
2793:Venturi
2746:Salmson
2701:Matford
2691:Lumeneo
2676:Hommell
2671:Heuliez
2641:Berliet
2626:Amilcar
2604:Defunct
2595:Venturi
2578:Peugeot
2568:Citroën
2546:Panhard
2524:Renault
2425:Bugatti
2420:Bolloré
2415:Bellier
2283:Related
2240:Former
2192:Prevost
2167:Panhard
2158:Arquus
2086:Panhard
2073:below (
1756:, p.49.
1744:, p.17.
1307:Gallery
1182:of the
742:Veritas
581:Le Mans
505:Dynamic
469:sleeves
288:gearbox
246:History
220:Panhard
113:Citroën
99: (
94:Defunct
80:Founder
70: (
62:Founded
38:Panhard
2776:Talbot
2751:Saviem
2716:Monica
2706:Mathis
2651:Bignan
2553:Scorpa
2541:Arquus
2519:Alpine
2489:Nexter
2474:Ligier
2452:Exagon
2447:Delage
2393:Active
2090:Curlie
2076:Curlie
2041:
2018:
1995:
1638:
1277:2,300
1157:Notes
1152:1950s
1149:Truck
1146:K 944
1141:1930s
1138:Truck
1130:1930s
1127:Truck
1119:1930s
1108:1930s
1097:1930s
1086:1930s
1083:Truck
1075:1930s
1064:1950s
1061:Truck
1058:K 332
1053:1950s
1050:Truck
1047:K 224
1042:1950s
1039:Truck
1031:1940s
1028:Truck
1020:1950s
1017:Truck
1014:K 185
1009:1940s
1003:K 175
998:1940s
992:K 173
987:1940s
984:Truck
981:K 172
976:1940s
973:Truck
970:K 162
965:1940s
959:K 161
954:1940s
951:Truck
948:K 155
943:1930s
940:Truck
937:K 140
932:1910s
929:Truck
919:1930s
916:Truck
906:1930s
903:Truck
886:1930s
883:Truck
880:K 113
875:1910s
872:Truck
862:1930s
859:Truck
849:1910s
846:Truck
838:1920s
835:Truck
827:1910s
824:Truck
632:Models
535:Dyna Z
531:Dyna X
525:After
473:Knight
276:Louise
240:Arquus
133:France
2862:Valeo
2766:Matra
2761:Simca
2621:ACOMA
2558:SECMA
2536:ACMAT
2457:Genty
2400:Aixam
2162:ACMAT
1614:Notes
1571:ACMAT
1302:name.
1237:VAP:
1214:TC 24
1211:TC 10
1208:TC 54
1135:K 91
1124:K 85
1113:K 73
1102:K 63
1091:K 61
1080:K 50
1069:K 48
912:K 128
899:]
892:K 125
855:K 101
813:Type
757:1952
740:Dyna
732:Type
667:1948
644:Type
547:24 BT
543:24 CT
539:PL 17
325:franc
319:with
236:ACMAT
188:1937
129:Paris
2756:SEAB
2721:Mors
2616:ACMA
2219:SDLG
2039:ISBN
2016:ISBN
1993:ISBN
1726:link
1671:2013
1636:ISBN
1296:jeep
1274:6x6)
1105:Bus
995:Bus
962:Bus
925:K 13
868:K 11
821:K 4
695:/17
545:and
143:Cars
101:2018
97:2018
72:1887
65:1887
2741:SAP
2636:BNC
2509:PVI
2504:PGO
2088:at
1844:78s
1816:72s
1289:PVP
1279:VBL
1272:VCR
1264:AML
1232:VBL
1201:EBR
1196:PVP
1191:VBL
1180:VBL
604:PVP
487:war
423:war
397:war
3000::
2573:DS
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