History of Naples - Knowledge

1508: 422: 2093: 384: 522: 509: 476: 443: 278: 330: 318: 489: 535: 749: 937:, the great Etruscan stronghold-granary, was conquered by the Samnites and the original Oscan-speaking citizens were given more freedom. In 421 BC Cumae also had to capitulate after a heavy and bloody siege. Many of its fleeing inhabitants found refuge within the walls of Neapolis who thus paid their debt of gratitude to the founders. Neapolis managed to safeguard its own safety and political sovereignty by admitting the Oscan elites to the main public offices of the city. However, due to this behaviour, Neapolis profoundly damaged its relations with Cumae. 456: 1845: 291: 1683: 42: 304: 402: 364: 3003: 736: 757: 1763: 563: 343: 2032: 3260: 3250: 2940: 1786:, but at the same time improved the conditions of Naples. He opened the main street, which still today bears his name; he paved other roads, strengthened and expanded the walls, restored old buildings, and erected new buildings and fortresses, essentially turning the city of Naples by 1560 into the largest and best fortified city in the Spanish empire. In the 16th and 17th century Naples was home to great artists such as 1967: 548: 1247: 2265:), which, even its current unfinished state now provides easy transportation for the first time in the history of the city from the upper reaches of the Vomero hill section of the city into the downtown area. As a result of at least some of these improved conditions in the city, tourism has increased. Naples became the world's 91st richest city by purchasing power in 2005, with a 2333: 895:

The Athenians soon created a network of commercial relations in the Tyrrhenian sea. Their interest in Campania, but also in Sicily and the Adriatic, was due to the need for foodstuffs especially cereals to satisfy the needs of an increasing population. The results of the Attic presence in the city

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Naples was the only city of the Western Roman world to host games in honour of Augustus. This was not so much due to the Emperor's personal influence or for any political agenda, but rather to the city's Greek culture. In fact, during the general decline of Hellenism in Magna Graecia and Sicily,

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soldiers had arrived to defend Neapolis. The Romans set up camp between the old and new cities and after a year long siege, betrayal by the Greek citizens led surrender to the Romans. However, Rome left the city with wide autonomy and allowed its customs, its language and its traditions of Greek

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Unemployment remains very high in Naples, with some estimates running above 20% among working-age males. The industrial base is still small and a number of earlier and ambitious enterprises such as automobile manufacturing plants on the outskirts have closed and gone elsewhere. There is a large

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realised that there was no possibility of an agreement with the Romans, he counter-attacked, advancing his army towards the north. He diverted to Neapolis with the intent of capturing it or inducing it to rebel against Rome. The failed attempt wasted time to the advantage of the Romans; when he

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Taking into account that the news of the destruction comes from a source interested in presenting Cuma's behavior under a particularly negative light, the all suggests a reading of the story in reference to political and institutional factors rather than to concrete material realities to be

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totally independent. At this time the city was mainly a military centre, ruled by an aristocracy of warriors and landowners, even though it had been forced to surrender to the neighbouring Lombards much of its inland territory. Naples was not a merchant city as were other

1638:(1284), the kingdom was split in two parts, with an Aragonese king ruling the island of Sicily and the Angevin king ruling the mainland portion; while both kingdoms officially called themselves the Kingdom of Sicily, the mainland portion was commonly referred to as the 834:

The new city complex was designed on a rectangular grid of streets. It was built on a plateau sloping from north to south which allowed space for a new city. Swamps made routes to the hinterland difficult and prevented its possession of extensive agricultural lands

2337: 1023:. The war deprived Neapolis of its fleet and of the island of Ischia, and compromised its trade to the advantage of Puteoli. However, the city continued to function as a regional port, as evidenced by the abundant archaeological finds in Piazza del Municipio. 2222:"submerged economy"—meaning the black market—and it is difficult to have reliable statistics on the amount of wealth generated by such activity. Social services in the city have come under recent strain in attempting to deal with the increase in immigration. 2228:

Four funicular railways were opened between 1889 and 1931. Two of these link the residential area of Vomero to the historic centre of the city. One links Vomero with Chiaia and one, in the western part of the city, links Mergellina with Posillipo.

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at Naples before her release in May 1192. In 1194 Henry started his second campaign upon the death of Tancred, but this time Aligerno surrendered without resistance, and finally Henry conquered Sicily, putting it under the rule of Hohenstaufens.

1818:, thus confirming itself among the most important capitals of Europe. All these cultural figures contributed to the aesthetic and intellectual transformations leading to a new era, commonly defined as Baroque. Patrons and salon-holders such as 1481:(palatine count), with little independence left to the Neapolitan patriciate. In this period Naples had a population of 30,000 and was sustained by its holdings in the interior; commerce was mainly delegated to foreigners, mainly from 879:

Neapolis was soon able to replace Cumae in maritime trade and to take control of the stretch of sea from the Cumaean gulf to the Neapolitan gulf. Its commercial success was made possible thanks to the decline of the tyranny of the

2518: 86:, is a useful starting point for translations, but translators must revise errors as necessary and confirm that the translation is accurate, rather than simply copy-pasting machine-translated text into the English Knowledge. 1119:, meaning, in Greek, "a pause, or respite, from worry". Romans connected the city to the rest of Italy with their famous roads, excavated galleries to link Naples to Pozzuoli, enlarged the port, and added public baths and 1515:("New Castle") was renovated and chosen as his palace by Charles I of Anjou. The entrance is decorated by a Renaissance Arch of Triumph celebrating the entrance in the city of the Aragonese king Alfonso I (15th century). 2085:: Garibaldi entered the city by train, descending in the square that today still bears his name. In October 1860 a plebiscite sanctioned the end of the Kingdom of Sicily and the birth of a new Italian state, the united 1750:

ceased with Isabella's death in 1504, and Ferdinand expelled the Castilians from leadership in Aragonese possessions in Italy, including Naples. The conquest began nearly two centuries of rule of the almost omnipotent

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One obstacle stood between Athens and the thriving Campanian market: the Syracusan attempts to dominate the Tyrrhenian Sea even after the end of tyrants. In 413 BC the Athenian expedition against Syracuse in the

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Lombardo M. e Frisone F., Colonie di colonie: le fondazioni sub-coloniali greche tra colonizzazione e colonialismo, Atti del Convegno Internazionale di studi, Lecce 22-24 giugno 2006, Congedo Ed., Galatina 2010

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a larger mainland colony – initially known as Parthenope – developed on the Pizzofalcone hill in the 8th century BC, and was refounded as Neapolis in the 6th century BC: it held an important role in

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in 1808, when Joseph was given the Spanish crown. The latter created a communal administration led by a mayor, which was left almost intact by Ferdinand in 1815 as he regained his kingdom after the 1815

951:'s history may be biased, he said that Neapolis attacked Romans who lived in Campania and, after Rome's request for redress was rebuffed, it declared war and the two consular armies headed for Campania. 1083:

Neapolis was still using the Greek language, institutions, cults, rites and customs. As such Neapolis could be considered the metropolis of Western Hellenism during the first period of the Roman Empire.

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In spite of a little cultural revival and the proclamation of a Constitution on June 25, 1860, in the last years of the kingdom the gap between the court and the intellectual class continued to grow.

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tried to gain popular support by abolishing feudal privileges, but the mass of the people rebelled and in June 1799 the republicans surrendered. Upon the order of the restored monarchy, Admiral

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https://www.academia.edu/1538894/Colonie_di_colonie_le_fondazioni_sub_coloniali_greche_tra_colonizzazione_e_colonialismo_atti_del_convegno_internazionale_Lecce_22_24_giugno_2006?auto=download

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were numerous: the great development in the port area and even closer ties with centres located in flat areas suitable for the cultivation of wheat (Alifae, Capua, Nola, Cumae, Dicearchia).

855:(area of Piazza San Gaetano ) and necropolis (various examples remain, the most famous of which is the necropolis of Castel Capuano). It also eventually had strong walls (5th century), an 786:

of the 7th century BC was discovered in via Nicotera. A ceramics waste dump dated to the Archaic Age was discovered in via Chiatamone where it had slid from the hill of Pizzofalcone. A

1707:, and made his triumphal entry into the city in February 1443. The new dynasty enhanced commerce by connecting Naples to the Iberian peninsula and made Naples a centre of the Italian 2218:, the feuding Neapolitan gangs and families, have a long history. During 2004 over 120 people died in Naples in Camorra killings; many of the deaths were related to the drug trade. 72: 1149:, especially in the northern part of the city. The first palæo-Christian basilicas were built next to the entrances to the catacombs. The greatly popular patron of the city, 793:

When the colony began to be more frequented due to the abundance and amenity of the places, the Cumaens, worried that their city would be abandoned, decided to «destroy» it.

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in 849. In any event, Naples did not hesitate to ally itself with infidels if it proved advantageous to do so: in 836, for example, Naples asked for support from the

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for support, but the Spaniards suppressed the insurrection in April of the following year and defeated two attempts by the French fleet to land troops. In 1656 the

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The oligarchs decided to establish Neapolis as a "second Cumae", similar to the city from which they came; for example, the continuation of cults such as that of

2921: 1203:, his troops captured the city by entering through its aqueduct. With the changing tide of the war in the 540s, it was starved into surrender by the Ostrogoth 1572:

died of disease during the siege. In light of this Tancred achieved another unexpected achievement that his contender Constance, now empress, was captured at

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In the second half of the 4th century, during the First Samnite War, Neapolis made an alliance with the Samnites against Rome, which had already taken Capua.

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in 1861. The city has seen the rise and fall of several civilisations and cultures, each of which has left traces in its art and architecture, and during the

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wall of the 6th c. BC was found in via S. Giacomo, near the town hall, which was a part of the port and may have had both boundary and defensive purposes.

1462:. In that period he could not imagine the consequences, but this settlement began a process which eventually led to the end of the independence of Naples. 1557: 2151:

military occupation; between September 28 and October 1, 1943 the people of the city rose up and pushed the Germans out, in what became known as the "

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Do not translate text that appears unreliable or low-quality. If possible, verify the text with references provided in the foreign-language article.

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captured the city several times. The kingdom had been divided in two, but Naples grew in importance: Pisan and Genoese merchants were joined by

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troops entered the city they were hailed by a pro-revolutionary minor part of the middle class, but had to face strong resistance by the

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invasion, Naples had a population of about 30,000-35,000. In 615, under Giovanni Consino, Naples rebelled for the first time against the

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In the second millennium BC, a first Mycenaean settlement arose not far from the geographical position of the future city of Parthenope.

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http://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text?doc=Perseus%3Atext%3A1999.04.0064%3Aalphabetic+letter%3DC%3Aentry+group%3D5%3Aentry%3Dcapua-geo

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retained its political role. The university remained unique in southern Italy for seven centuries. After the defeat of Frederick's son,

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and lived in extremely poor conditions. As well, there was a strong royal bureaucracy and an élite of landowners. When in January 1799

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eliminated and reintegrated. On the other hand, also the terminology used in the source, for which the birth of Partenope had been an

3081: 1727:. The court also granted land holdings in the provinces to the nobility; this, however, had the effect of fragmenting the kingdom. 2257:, has alleviated traffic through and around the city; and major construction continues on the new underground railway system, the 1419:

conquest of Naples and managed to sack it and take huge amount of its wealth. After Neapolitan dukes rose to prominence under the

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https://iicrabat.esteri.it/iic_rabat/it/gli_eventi/calendario/2015/03/napoli-in-epoca-romana-i-commerci-gli-otia-i-banchetti.html

1822:, Isabella Pignone del Carretto and Ippolita Cantelmo Stuart had a significant role in the artistic and cultural life in Naples. 680: 2187:

has connections across Europe. The city also has an important port that connects to many Tyrrhenian Sea destinations, including

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in the city instead of being the squalid parking lot that it was between the end of WWII and 1990; city landmarks such as the

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in Greek mythology, said to have washed ashore at Megaride, having thrown herself into the sea after she failed to bewitch

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The population of Naples at the beginning of the 19th century was mostly made up of a mass of people, who were called the

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IL PROGETTO “ceraNEApolis”: UN SISTEMA INFORMATIVO CARTOGRAFICO DELLE PRODUZIONI CERAMICHE A NEAPOLIS (IV A.C.-VII D.C.)

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Ricoveri per navi militari nei porti del Mediterraneo antico e medievale: atti del Workshop, Ravello, 4–5 novembre 2005

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in which the Austrians defeated Murat. In 1839 Naples was the first city in Italy to have a railway, with the Napoli-

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Content in this edit is translated from the existing Italian Knowledge article at ]; see its history for attribution.

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with her song. The settlement was built on the Pizzofalcone promontory allowing control of sea traffic in the area.

3232: 2928: 2086: 2044: 1615:, around which a new district grew up, marked by palaces and residences of the nobility. During Charles' reign new 1584: 2689: 2092: 1829:

led the populace in violent rebellion against the foreign, oppressive rule of the Spanish. Neapolitans declared a

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The games were held every 5 years and attracted contestants from all over the empire. Augustus attended in 14 AD.

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At the end of the 5th century BC the political and social equilibrium of Neapolis was severely threatened by the

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In 1927 Naples absorbed some nearby communities; the 1860 population of 450,000 increased to 1,250,000 in 1971.

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meant the loss of part of its autonomy, although the administration of Greek tradition still remained in force.

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resulted from tensions which arose from Roman actions in Campania and partly from actions by Neapolis. Although

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invaded and conquered much of Italy in the following years, Naples remained loyal to the Eastern Roman Empire.

806: 493: 2454: 892:). The immediate occupation of Ischia by Neapolis indicates the tensions between the city and the Syracusans. 771:, the earliest Greek city on mainland Italy, at the end of the 8th century BC. Parthenope was named after the 3076: 2174:

In 1944 another devastating eruption from Vesuvius occurred; images from this eruption were used in the film

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in 915), Naples declined in importance in the 10th century until it was captured by its traditional rival,

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to improve the quality of life in Naples. The city was also celebrated for its many feasts and spectacles.

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tried to introduce legislative and administrative reforms, but they were stopped as the first news of the

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origin to survive, preferring rather to make a sort of solidarity pact and thus creating what was called

614: 527: 30: 2679:, Vol.I. Kenneth Meyer Setton, Marshall W. Baldwin (eds., 1955). University of Pennsylvania Press. p.48. 2478:, Proceedings of the International Conference of Studies, Lecce, 22-24 giugno 2006, Galatina 2010 p.185) 2414:"Interazione tra attività vulcanica e vita dell'uomo: evidenze archeologiche nell'area urbana di Napoli" 2235:

Cosmetically, at least, Naples improved in the two decades either side of the turn of the 21st century:

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while those cities surrendered to Germans resubmitted to Tancred. Tancred had the empress imprisoned at

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killed almost half of the inhabitants of the city; this led to the beginning of a period of decline.

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entered in the city. Although Fernández de Córdoba was Castilian, he conquered under the command of

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the last legitimate heir to the Sicilian throne. In 1191 Henry invaded Sicily after being crowned as

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From 199 BC its role as a maritime power began to diminish to the advantage of its nearby competitor

590:. The Greek culture of Naples was important to later Roman society. When the city became part of the 2881: 3227: 3217: 3197: 3123: 2977: 1940: 1549: 1432: 1184: 1158: 1012: 122: 2043:

in Naples was suppressed by the British and Russians in 1799, and was following in 1805 by a full

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All the strains of an increasingly over-populated city exploded in July 1647, when the legendary

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ruled their kingdoms jointly in personal union during their marriage. But the partnership of the

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and many cities surrendered, but Naples resisted him from May to August under the leadership of

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Napoli has turned into the most important transportation hub of southern Italy. The airport of

2164: 2040: 2012: 2000: 1857: 1739: 1731: 1561: 1300:. At that time the Duchy of Naples controlled an area corresponding roughly to the present day 724:, suggest the presence of a site engaged in coastal activities, likely of a productive nature. 136: 2617: 2488: 2366: 1734:

in 1495, the two kingdoms were united under Aragonese rule in 1501. In 1502 Castilian general

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ended in disaster and together with the plague, which substantially undermined the economy of

2307: 2253: 2236: 1986: 1743: 1700: 1620: 1533: 1466: 1459: 1200: 1031: 468: 460: 143: 2936: 2474:, proposes this vision of the circumstances (M. Lombardo e F. Frisone, Colonie di colonie. 1916: 1900: 1892: 1888: 1815: 1795: 1716: 1424: 1420: 1287: 1275: 1267: 1177: 1016: 802: 645: 626: 618: 247: 228: 223: 208: 8: 3222: 3205: 3106: 3071: 2244: 2152: 1960: 1896: 1696: 1688: 1628: 1616: 1604: 1443: 1436: 1359: 1162: 501: 218: 54: 1073:

and became one of the most important games events in the west. As Italian archaeologist

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marched on the city and besieged it. In the meantime, about four thousand Samnites and

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here covering large parts of what would become the later city. The famous district of

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and manifested in the numerous luxurious villas that lined the coast from the Gulf of

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is long and varied, dating to Greek settlements established in the Naples area in the

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CASABLANCA - Conferenza "Napoli in epoca romana: i commerci, gli otia, i banchetti",

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came to the city to preach. Christians had a prominent role in the late years of the

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Further set-backs occurred with the earthquakes of 62 and 64 AD and the eruption of

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Charles E. Nowell, "Old World Origins of the Spanish-American Viceregal System" in

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Daniela Giampaola, Francesca Longobardo, Naples greek and roman, Electa Naples 2000

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ones, until in 1734 the two kingdoms were united under a single independent crown (

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Under the viceroys Naples grew from 100,000 to 300,000 inhabitants, second only to

1724: 1704: 1635: 1482: 1195:. In 536, it was garrisoned by Goths and decided to resist the Byzantine commander 1192: 990: 856: 540: 1682: 1211:'s expedition during the 550s, it was captured by the Empire once again. When the 644:, the city rebelled against the Bourbon monarchs, spurring the early push towards 3264: 3146: 3066: 2914: 2820: 2373: 2208: 2200: 2121: 1999:, who were fervidly religious and did not support the new ideas. The short-lived 1944: 1936: 1908: 1647: 1600: 1455: 1392: 1355: 1345: 1235: 1070: 801:

Neapolis (New City) was founded by the Cumaen aristocracy expelled by the tyrant

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Italy's first Metropolitan railway (now Linea 2) was opened in Naples in 1925.

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in 305, and, since the 5th century, he has been commemorated by the basilica of

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conquered the Kingdom of Naples. The Emperor Napoleon first named his brother

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Palazzo Reale ("Royal Palace") was the seat of Spanish and Austrian viceroys.

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with particular attention to its already strong and important maritime role.

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The original center of Parthenope on the Pizzofalcone hill was simply called

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The Theatre of San Carlo was built during the reign of Charles I of Bourbon.

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https://www.comune.napoli.it/flex/cm/pages/ServeBLOB.php/L/EN/IDPagina/1425

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arrested the leaders of the revolution and handed them over for execution

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seven years earlier. Under the new rulers, the city was administered by a

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period, as evidenced by traces of the Serra d'Alto culture found near the

2952: 2184: 1783: 1708: 1351: 1150: 1054: 881: 831:), the "old city", and survived as a second peripheral pole of Neapolis. 622: 3096: 2718:. Berkeley and Los Angeles: University of California Press 1976, p. 225. 2530: 2418:

SCUOLA ESTIVA AIQUA 2013 Napoli 27 | 31 Maggio 2013, Miscellanea INGV 18

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made the succession to the duchy hereditary, and thenceforth Naples was

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of 82 BC, and was consequently devastated by the armies of his opponent

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culture that attracted Romans who wished to perfect their knowledge of

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to the source of your translation. A model attribution edit summary is

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L'ERMA di BRETSCHNEIDER Hoepli.it iBS Libreriauniversitaria.it p 301-5

2277:, and unemployment decreased dramatically between the 1990s and 2010. 2159:

were the first allied unit to reach Naples. They were followed by the

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the city began to recover and the city became a flourishing centre of

1038:. Having again chosen the losing side the city declined economically. 2675:

Hilmar C. Krueger. "The Italian Cities and the Arabs before 1095" in

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Topography of the Castel Nuovo area: between Parthenope and Neapolis

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before the Germans suffered from disease and were forced to retreat.

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and long retained its Greek culture even after defeat by the Romans.

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Le fondazioni sub-coloniali greche tra colonizzazione e colonialismo

2413: 2274: 1496:, Norman buildings in Naples were mainly lay ones, notably castles ( 820:

confirm this. This chronology is confirmed by archaeological finds.

655:, the third largest municipality (central area) by population after 2270: 2188: 2167:; they found Naples already free, and continued on instead towards 2048: 1993: 1771: 1404: 1400: 1396: 1380: 1325: 1313: 1263: 1212: 1154: 1146: 1127: 1104: 1100: 1096: 1050: 994: 923: 868: 776: 721: 2128:", "Santa Lucia" and "Torna a Surriento". On April 7, 1906 nearby 908:, relations between Neapolis and Athens underwent an attenuation. 2215: 2196: 2068: 2056: 1880: 1756: 1651: 1608: 1592: 1573: 1537: 1451: 1337: 1305: 1271: 1039: 1001: 860: 813: 709: 630: 2825:. Historical Section, Headquarters Fifth Army. 1945. p. 47. 2023:. Nelson was rewarded by being made Duke of Bronte by the king. 1966: 1465:

Last of the rulers of such independent southern Italian states,

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The pleasant climate made it a renowned resort, as recounted by

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were initiated by Augustus in 2 AD as an equivalent to those at

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Neapolis had an acropolis (area of Sant'Aniello in Caponapoli),

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in 1224, considering Naples as his intellectual capital while

2837:"City Mayors reviews the richest cities in the world in 2005" 2192: 1388: 1341: 1279: 1043: 1020: 934: 927: 851: 768: 660: 652: 553: 1599:, in 1266 Naples and the kingdom of Sicily were assigned by 997:

and its domination of Campania waned in favour of Neapolis.

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was a major centre of culture. It was also a capital of the

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https://archive.archaeology.org/online/features/isolympics/

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http://www.archcalc.cnr.it/indice/PDF28/02_Amodio_et_al.pdf

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became the major naval base on the Tyrrhenian Sea and even

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Little archaeology for Parthenope has come to light, but a

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was a strong competitor for tourism and thermal bathing.

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It was in Naples, in Lucullus's villa in what is now the

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The city eventually became one of the foremost cities of

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The earliest traces of human habitation date back to the

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bankers, and with them came outstanding artists such as

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in Syracuse (466 BC) and the abandonment of Pithecusae (

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to this template: there are already 649 articles in the

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The Augustan Games of Naples, Archaeology April 2008

1711:: artists who worked in Naples in this period include 712:

in the vicinity of Pizzofalcone hill, adjacent to the

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Nelson at Naples, Revolution and Retribution in 1799

2120:", one more song in the centuries long tradition of 1699:

conquered Naples after his victory against the last

1391:, but had a respectable fleet that took part in the 79: 75:

a machine-translated version of the Italian article.

1519: 1254:by Onofrio Buccino, 1869, perpetuates the image of 874: 816:and the faithful resumption of the organisation in 2888:Magnusson, Magnus; Goring, Rosemary, eds. (1990). 2677:A History of the Crusades: The First Hundred Years 2306:David J. Blackman; Maria Costanza Lentini (2010). 1611:to Naples. He settled in his new residence in the 1458:, whose support he had needed in the war with the 1350:In 661 Naples, with the permission of the emperor 665:second or third largest metropolitan area of Italy 2730:Corporeality and Performativity in Baroque Naples 2628:M. Napoli & A. Maiuri, “Napoli,” EAA 5 (1963) 2207:and the south. It is noted for the light railway 2116:was occasion for the writing of the famous song " 1180:emperor, was exiled after being deposed in 476. 167: 29:"Palaepolis" redirects here. For other uses, see 3276: 2214:Organised crime is deeply rooted in Naples. The 1782:: he introduced heavy taxation and favoured the 2887: 2692:. naplesldm.com. 7 October 2007. Archived from 2664: 1879:The Spanish Habsburgs were replaced in 1714 by 796: 2829: 2781:. National Maritime Museum, Greenwich, London. 1931:reached the city. By that time, Charles' son, 986:reached Capua he found it already garrisoned. 389:Most Serene Republic of this Kingdom of Naples 121:accompanying your translation by providing an 66:Click for important translation instructions. 53:expand this article with text translated from 2922: 2892:. Cambridge, UK: Cambridge University Press. 1686:Idealized depiction of Naples from the 1493 566:Map of Parthenope (Palaeopolis) and Neapolis 2251:have been restored; a major ring road, the 2055:to be King and then his brother-in-law and 1524:After a period of Norman rule, in 1189 the 1153:(St. Januarius), was decapitated in nearby 2929: 2915: 1856:at anchor, 1 August 1718, just before the 1852:with a British fleet commanded by Admiral 1473:in 1137; Roger had had himself proclaimed 2529:Sanniti, La conquista dell'Agro Campano, 2790: 2788: 2752: 2727: 2091: 2030: 1965: 1935:was king, and he entered an anti-French 1843: 1761: 1681: 1506: 1245: 1207:, who then treated it leniently. During 1004:. The promotion of Neapolis to a Roman 981:In 280 after the battle of Eraclea when 755: 747: 734: 561: 1677: 1115:takes its name from the ruins of Villa 739:Ancient Sites in the vicinity of Naples 681:Santa Maria degli Angeli a Pizzofalcone 14: 3277: 2882:Timeline of Naples § Bibliography 2411: 1891:. Charles renovated the city with the 1229: 1199:'s invasion. However in the resulting 767:The city of Parthenope was founded by 730: 2910: 2794: 2785: 2732:. Lanham, MD: Lexington Books Press. 2531:http://www.sanniti.info/agrocamp.html 1778:. The most important of them was don 2407: 2405: 2403: 1619:churches were also built, including 1528:was in a succession dispute between 1407:troops coming from the neighbouring 954:In 326, after having devastated the 35: 2658: 2155:". British Armoured patrols of the 2103: 960:, the Roman army led by the consul 24: 2755:A Companion to Early Modern Naples 2077:On September 6, 1861, the kingdom 1540:, as its Prince Henry had married 1165:is also dedicated to St. Gennaro. 1061:. The Neapolitan Isolympic Games ( 694:were also found in the same area. 598:, it was a major cultural centre. 133:{{Translated|it|Storia di Napoli}} 25: 3301: 2890:Cambridge Biographical Dictionary 2799:. Stroud: Amberley. p. 304. 2400: 2079:was conquered by the Garibaldines 1532:of an illegitimate birth and the 1423:and his successors (among these, 1026:Then in 50 BC the city supported 752:Walls of Parthenope – Monte Echia 3259: 3258: 3248: 3001: 2938: 2646:Procopius De Bello Gothico I.III 1899:, and welcomed the philosophers 1520:Normans, Hohenstaufen, and Anjou 1183:Naples suffered much during the 1145:, and there are several notable 1133:According to legend, the saints 1063:Italika Romaia Sebasta Isolympia 875:Athenian and Syracusan influence 601:It served as the capital of the 546: 533: 520: 507: 487: 474: 454: 441: 420: 400: 382: 362: 341: 328: 316: 302: 289: 276: 40: 3249: 2875: 2813: 2771: 2746: 2721: 2708: 2682: 2669: 2655:Procopius, De Bello Gothico I.X 2649: 2640: 2631: 2622: 2610: 2601: 2583: 2565: 2556: 2544: 2535: 2523: 2502: 2493: 2481: 2459: 2447: 2412:Boenzi, Giuliana (2013-01-01). 2203:, and fast rail connections to 1868: 1570:Philip I, Archbishop of Cologne 1403:in order to repel the siege of 911: 613:(1282–1816) and finally of the 594:in the central province of the 162: 2435: 2424: 2389: 2378: 2360: 2351: 2326: 2299: 2269:of US$ 43 billion, surpassing 1504:), walls and fortified gates. 1225:Archaeological sites in Naples 193: 172: 131:You may also add the template 13: 1: 2728:Giardino, Alessandro (2017). 2312:. Edipuglia srl. p. 99. 2292: 2163:followed by troops of the US 1607:, who moved the capital from 1362:switched his allegiance from 1354:, was ruled by a local duke, 863:and the temple of the city's 743: 651:Today, Naples is part of the 3290:Histories of cities in Italy 3025:Napoleonic Kingdom of Naples 2839:. Citymayors.com. 2007-03-11 2822:Fifth Army History, Volume 1 2026: 1736:Gonzalo Fernández de Córdoba 1730:After the brief conquest by 1546:Henry VI, Holy Roman Emperor 976: 797:The refoundation as Neapolis 686:. Traces dating back to the 633:, beginning with the artist 7: 2988:Underground geothermal zone 2860:. Epp.eurostat.ec.europa.eu 2665:Magnusson & Goring 1990 2280: 2081:and was handed over to the 1469:was forced to surrender to 1304:, encompassing the area of 1242:List of the dukes of Naples 528:Kingdom of the Two Sicilies 103:will aid in categorization. 31:Palaepolis (disambiguation) 10: 3306: 3037:Neapolitan Republic (1647) 2879: 2753:Astarita, Tommaso (2013). 2287:Timeline of Naples history 1875:Neapolitan Republic (1799) 1872: 1566:Conrad II, Duke of Bohemia 1239: 1233: 1222: 915: 670: 78:Machine translation, like 28: 3246: 3132: 3095: 3010: 2999: 2951: 2470:and the give life back a 2021:Eleonora Fonseca Pimentel 1923:. This first king of the 1742:. Ferdinand and his wife 1585:Frederick II Hohenstaufen 1492:Apart from the church of 716:and dating from the late 55:the corresponding article 3228:State Archives of Naples 2795:North, Jonathan (2018). 1550:Richard, Count of Acerra 1433:Battle of the Garigliano 1218: 1159:San Gennaro extra Moenia 581:. During the end of the 355:personal union with the 269:personal union with the 2716:First Images of America 2562:Diodorus Siculus XII 44 2263:metropolitana di Napoli 2136:and seriously damaging 1798:, philosophers such as 1780:Pedro Álvarez de Toledo 1530:Tancred, King of Sicily 1413:Muhammad I Abu 'l-Abbas 701:can be observed in the 158:Historical affiliations 142:For more guidance, see 2165:82nd Airborne Division 2100: 2041:Parthenopaean Republic 2036: 1978: 1865: 1858:Battle of Cape Passaro 1814:, and writers such as 1767: 1740:Ferdinand II of Aragon 1732:Charles VIII of France 1692: 1562:Margaritus of Brindisi 1516: 1421:Duke-Bishop Athanasius 1344:was later part of the 1259: 764: 753: 740: 567: 559: 2254:tangenziale di Napoli 2237:Piazza del Plebiscito 2177:The War of the Worlds 2157:King's Dragoon Guards 2132:erupted, devastating 2095: 2034: 1969: 1847: 1765: 1744:Isabella I of Castile 1685: 1510: 1460:principality of Capua 1249: 1201:Siege of Naples (536) 989:In 211 BC during the 759: 751: 738: 565: 469:First French Republic 461:Parthenopean Republic 160: 144:Knowledge:Translation 115:copyright attribution 2009:Francesco Caracciolo 1915:, and the composers 1901:Giovan Battista Vico 1893:Villa di Capodimonte 1885:Utriusque Siciliarum 1816:Gian Battista Marino 1717:Antonello da Messina 1678:The Aragonese period 1625:San Lorenzo Maggiore 1431:participated at the 1252:Fontana della Sirena 1185:Gothic War (535–552) 1011:Neapolis sided with 619:unification of Italy 500:client state of the 467:client state of the 393:protectorate of the 248:Eastern Roman Empire 246:client state of the 229:Eastern Roman Empire 224:Eastern Roman Empire 209:Western Roman Empire 3107:Elections in Naples 3072:Four Days of Naples 2241:largest open square 2153:four days of Naples 2108:The opening of the 2001:Neapolitan Republic 1897:Teatro di San Carlo 1689:Nuremberg Chronicle 1629:Cathedral of Naples 1494:San Giovanni a Mare 1454:mercenaries led by 1437:Pandulf IV of Capua 1383:sea cities such as 1332:and the islands of 1278:plenipotentiary in 1262:At the time of the 1230:The Duchy of Naples 1176:, the last nominal 1163:Cathedral of Naples 971:foedus Neapolitanum 731:Greek and Roman Era 705:tombs of Materdei. 646:Italian unification 605:(661–1139), of the 502:First French Empire 415:Spanish viceroyalty 377:Spanish viceroyalty 219:Ostrogothic Kingdom 165:8th century–507 BCE 3157:Canzone napoletana 2637:Suetonius Augustus 2372:2010-10-20 at the 2118:Funiculì, Funiculà 2101: 2037: 1979: 1921:Domenico Scarlatti 1913:Gaetano Filangieri 1889:Charles of Bourbon 1866: 1820:Aurora Sanseverino 1808:Tommaso Campanella 1800:Bernardino Telesio 1768: 1693: 1554:Nicholas of Ajello 1542:Princess Constance 1517: 1471:Roger II of Sicily 1409:Duchy of Benevento 1302:Province of Naples 1260: 1174:Romulus Augustulus 945:Second Samnite War 765: 760:Megaride with the 754: 741: 568: 123:interlanguage link 3285:History of Naples 3272: 3271: 3194:Tallest buildings 3042:Kingdom of Naples 2978:Metropolitan area 2966:Metropolitan City 2858:"Site3-TGM table" 2764:978-90-04-23670-7 2757:. Leiden: BRILL. 2739:978-1-4985-6398-7 2596:978-88-8086-699-2 2578:978-88-8086-699-2 2515:978-88-8086-699-2 2468:urbem constituere 2367:History of Naples 2319:978-88-7228-565-7 2245:San Carlo theater 2161:Royal Scots Greys 1971:The Bay of Naples 1929:French Revolution 1812:Giambattista Vico 1748:Catholic Monarchs 1721:Jacopo Sannazzaro 1713:Francesco Laurana 1672:Kingdom of Naples 1640:Kingdom of Naples 1526:Kingdom of Sicily 902:Peloponnesian War 807:victory of Aricia 690:and Early/Middle 611:Kingdom of Naples 607:Kingdom of Sicily 579:2nd millennium BC 515:Kingdom of Naples 494:Kingdom of Naples 482:Kingdom of Naples 449:Kingdom of Naples 436:Austrian monarchy 428:Kingdom of Naples 408:Kingdom of Naples 395:Kingdom of France 370:Kingdom of Naples 357:Kingdom of France 349:Kingdom of Naples 336:Kingdom of Naples 324:Kingdom of Naples 297:Kingdom of Naples 284:Kingdom of Sicily 271:Holy Roman Empire 263:Kingdom of Sicily 258:Kingdom of Sicily 155: 154: 67: 63: 16:(Redirected from 3297: 3262: 3261: 3252: 3251: 3087:Bombings in WWII 3005: 2943: 2942: 2931: 2924: 2917: 2908: 2907: 2903: 2869: 2868: 2866: 2865: 2854: 2848: 2847: 2845: 2844: 2833: 2827: 2826: 2817: 2811: 2810: 2792: 2783: 2782: 2775: 2769: 2768: 2750: 2744: 2743: 2725: 2719: 2712: 2706: 2705: 2703: 2701: 2696:on 19 March 2017 2690:"Swabian Naples" 2686: 2680: 2673: 2667: 2662: 2656: 2653: 2647: 2644: 2638: 2635: 2629: 2626: 2620: 2614: 2608: 2605: 2599: 2587: 2581: 2569: 2563: 2560: 2554: 2548: 2542: 2539: 2533: 2527: 2521: 2506: 2500: 2497: 2491: 2485: 2479: 2472:nuova institutio 2463: 2457: 2451: 2445: 2439: 2433: 2428: 2422: 2421: 2409: 2398: 2393: 2387: 2382: 2376: 2364: 2358: 2355: 2349: 2348: 2346: 2345: 2336:. Archived from 2330: 2324: 2323: 2303: 2249:Galleria Umberto 2104:Contemporary age 2097:Galleria Umberto 2087:Kingdom of Italy 2083:King of Sardinia 2053:Joseph Bonaparte 2047:. In early 1806 1925:House of Bourbon 1905:Antonio Genovesi 1725:Angelo Poliziano 1636:Sicilian Vespers 1605:Charles of Anjou 1558:Aligerno Cottone 1448:county of Aversa 991:Second Punic War 677:Middle Neolithic 653:Italian Republic 554:Italian Republic 552: 550: 549: 541:Kingdom of Italy 539: 537: 536: 526: 524: 523: 513: 511: 510: 492: 491: 490: 480: 478: 477: 459: 458: 457: 447: 445: 444: 426: 424: 423: 406: 404: 403: 387: 386: 385: 368: 366: 365: 347: 345: 344: 334: 332: 331: 322: 320: 319: 308: 306: 305: 295: 293: 292: 282: 280: 279: 214:Kingdom of Italy 134: 128: 102: 101:|topic= 99:, and specifying 84:Google Translate 65: 61: 44: 43: 36: 21: 3305: 3304: 3300: 3299: 3298: 3296: 3295: 3294: 3275: 3274: 3273: 3268: 3242: 3174:Historic Centre 3128: 3098: 3091: 3067:Duchy of Naples 3006: 2997: 2947: 2937: 2935: 2900: 2884: 2878: 2873: 2872: 2863: 2861: 2856: 2855: 2851: 2842: 2840: 2835: 2834: 2830: 2819: 2818: 2814: 2807: 2793: 2786: 2777: 2776: 2772: 2765: 2751: 2747: 2740: 2726: 2722: 2713: 2709: 2699: 2697: 2688: 2687: 2683: 2674: 2670: 2663: 2659: 2654: 2650: 2645: 2641: 2636: 2632: 2627: 2623: 2615: 2611: 2606: 2602: 2588: 2584: 2570: 2566: 2561: 2557: 2549: 2545: 2541:Liv. 4.37, 7.38 2540: 2536: 2528: 2524: 2507: 2503: 2498: 2494: 2486: 2482: 2464: 2460: 2452: 2448: 2440: 2436: 2431:Books.google.it 2429: 2425: 2410: 2401: 2394: 2390: 2383: 2379: 2374:Wayback Machine 2365: 2361: 2356: 2352: 2343: 2341: 2332: 2331: 2327: 2320: 2304: 2300: 2295: 2283: 2209:Circumvesuviana 2122:Neapolitan song 2106: 2029: 1909:Pietro Giannone 1877: 1871: 1680: 1648:Louis the Great 1601:Pope Clement IV 1578:Castel dell'Ovo 1522: 1502:Castel dell'Ovo 1456:Rainulf Drengot 1393:Battle of Ostia 1346:duchy of Amalfi 1244: 1238: 1236:Duchy of Naples 1232: 1227: 1221: 1170:Castel dell'Ovo 979: 962:Publilius Philo 920: 914: 877: 799: 762:Castel dell'Ovo 746: 733: 708:Discoveries of 673: 603:Duchy of Naples 583:Greek Dark Ages 560: 557: 547: 545: 544: 534: 532: 531: 521: 519: 518: 508: 506: 505: 497: 488: 486: 485: 475: 473: 472: 464: 455: 453: 452: 442: 440: 439: 431: 421: 419: 418: 411: 401: 399: 398: 383: 381: 380: 373: 363: 361: 360: 352: 342: 340: 339: 329: 327: 326: 317: 315: 313: 310:Crown of Aragon 303: 301: 300: 290: 288: 287: 277: 275: 274: 266: 261: 256: 253:Duchy of Naples 251: 243: 240:Duchy of Naples 238: 235:Duchy of Naples 232: 227: 222: 217: 212: 207: 202: 197: 189: 184: 176: 171: 166: 159: 151: 150: 149: 132: 126: 100: 68: 45: 41: 34: 23: 22: 15: 12: 11: 5: 3303: 3293: 3292: 3287: 3270: 3269: 3247: 3244: 3243: 3241: 3240: 3235: 3233:Radio stations 3230: 3225: 3220: 3215: 3210: 3209: 3208: 3186: 3181: 3176: 3171: 3166: 3161: 3160: 3159: 3154: 3152:Conservatories 3144: 3138: 3136: 3130: 3129: 3127: 3126: 3121: 3120: 3119: 3114: 3103: 3101: 3093: 3092: 3090: 3089: 3084: 3079: 3077:Jews in Naples 3074: 3069: 3064: 3059: 3054: 3049: 3044: 3039: 3034: 3033: 3032: 3021: 3019: 3008: 3007: 3000: 2998: 2996: 2995: 2990: 2985: 2980: 2975: 2974: 2973: 2971:Municipalities 2963: 2957: 2955: 2949: 2948: 2934: 2933: 2926: 2919: 2911: 2905: 2904: 2898: 2877: 2874: 2871: 2870: 2849: 2828: 2812: 2806:978-1445679372 2805: 2784: 2770: 2763: 2745: 2738: 2720: 2707: 2681: 2668: 2657: 2648: 2639: 2630: 2621: 2609: 2607:Livy VIII 8.22 2600: 2582: 2564: 2555: 2543: 2534: 2522: 2501: 2492: 2480: 2458: 2446: 2434: 2423: 2399: 2396:Duo.uio.no p.4 2388: 2377: 2359: 2350: 2334:"Archemail.it" 2325: 2318: 2297: 2296: 2294: 2291: 2290: 2289: 2282: 2279: 2130:Mount Vesuvius 2114:Mount Vesuvius 2105: 2102: 2065:Neapolitan War 2028: 2025: 2005:Horatio Nelson 1907:, the jurists 1873:Main article: 1870: 1867: 1860:. Painting by 1804:Giordano Bruno 1759:") in Naples. 1679: 1676: 1521: 1518: 1498:Castel Capuano 1475:king of Sicily 1442:In 1027, duke 1370:. In 840 Duke 1364:Constantinople 1234:Main article: 1231: 1228: 1223:Main article: 1220: 1217: 1086: 1085: 978: 975: 913: 910: 876: 873: 798: 795: 745: 742: 732: 729: 714:Port of Naples 672: 669: 663:, and has the 642:Neapolitan War 592:Roman Republic 199:Roman Republic 192:municipium of 186:Roman Republic 181:Roman Republic 157: 156: 153: 152: 148: 147: 140: 129: 107: 104: 92:adding a topic 87: 76: 69: 50: 49: 48: 46: 39: 9: 6: 4: 3: 2: 3302: 3291: 3288: 3286: 3283: 3282: 3280: 3267: 3266: 3257: 3256: 3245: 3239: 3238:Patron saints 3236: 3234: 3231: 3229: 3226: 3224: 3221: 3219: 3216: 3214: 3211: 3207: 3203: 3199: 3195: 3192: 3191: 3190: 3187: 3185: 3182: 3180: 3177: 3175: 3172: 3170: 3167: 3165: 3162: 3158: 3155: 3153: 3150: 3149: 3148: 3145: 3143: 3140: 3139: 3137: 3135: 3131: 3125: 3122: 3118: 3115: 3113: 3110: 3109: 3108: 3105: 3104: 3102: 3100: 3094: 3088: 3085: 3083: 3080: 3078: 3075: 3073: 3070: 3068: 3065: 3063: 3060: 3058: 3055: 3053: 3050: 3048: 3045: 3043: 3040: 3038: 3035: 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