225:, including a teaching rabbi and three children, two of them his sons. A teenager was also wounded in the attack. Police later identified Mohammed Merah, a French native of Algerian descent, as the shooter responsible for these and the associated deaths of three French Muslim army personnel in two other incidents on March 11 and March 15, and three police killed during the March 22 siege of his apartment. He also wounded a total of five people, four seriously. Police shot and killed Merah during the siege.
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On 31 December 2001, Molotov cocktails were thrown at the Ozar
Hatorah school in the Paris suburb of Créteil, resulting in a classroom burning down. The incident was assumed to be an antisemitic attack and was condemned, but police later identified an unhappy student as responsible for the attack.
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communities were growing rapidly thanks to the emigration of Jews from North Africa that followed upon several former French colonies achieving independence. Its French network now serves communities in Paris, Toulouse, Marseilles and elsewhere. Its schools teach secular subjects alongside its
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The organization began its work with an investigation of Jewish communities in
Palestine and several neighboring Arab countries. It wanted to provide not only good teaching, but food and medical care to the students, whose immigrant families were often poor and struggling.
190:, Strasbourg, Aix-les-bains, and other cities, bringing the total number of Ozar Hatorah schools in France to 20, some maintained with local funds. In the 21st century, Marseilles has the second-largest Jewish population (70,000) after Paris.
146:, with a total enrollment of over 500 students. At its peak, the organization was operating an educational network serving some 17,000 students, ranging from first-grade children to learned students preparing to enter the rabbinate.
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After the massive emigration of Jews from North
African nations to France in the late 20th century when the former colonies gained independence, Ozar Hatorah extended its network to France. It opened its first school in 1961 in
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By 1970, the organization was running 23 schools and a summer camp in
Morocco, 41 schools and a summer camp in Iran, and two elementary schools in Syria. Together with students of its first elementary school in France, in
86:, worked together to develop a way to offset what they saw as Jewish spiritual decline and intellectual impoverishment in Mandate Palestine and the Mideast. They founded Ozar Hatorah as a non-profit organization in
201:, and providing adult classes, day camps, and other community activities. In 2012, the 20 schools in France were headed by Rabbi Jean-Paul Amoyelle, who has worked with the organization since 1967. According to
205:, more than 30,000 students are enrolled in Ozar Hatorah schools in France. After a rise in antisemitic incidents in France in the 21st century, the schools assigned guards to each school to improve security.
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in 1947, Ozar
Hatorah ceased its operations in Israel. It began developing schools in Jewish communities in nations throughout the Middle East and North Africa. It established 40 schools in
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religious curriculum. It is now extending its activities into a wider cultural sphere by evolving its schools into multi-purpose Jewish community centres. It is financed by the
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Ozar
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Ozar
Hatorah first operated in what was then Mandate Palestine, opening 29 schools. After the establishment of the
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before the Jewish population largely emigrated to Israel in 1950. It still operates schools in
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368:"Une fusillade devant une école juive à Toulouse fait au moins trois morts"
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264:. Vol. 15 (2nd ed.). Detroit: Macmillan Reference. p. 556.
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Lionel
Laurent, "From Middle East to France, a Jewish school's journey"
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In 1961, it expanded further by opening a school in France, where
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Youth organizations based in the State of
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217:On 19 March 2012,
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229:References
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25:אוצר התורה
209:Incidents
199:synagogue
176:Sarcelles
88:Jerusalem
76:Jerusalem
423:19 March
380:cite web
372:Le Monde
351:20 March
328:Reuters,
302:19 March
277:19 March
223:Toulouse
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124:Damascus
51:Sephardi
417:Haaretz
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172:Créteil
144:Morocco
62:History
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180:Antony
158:France
120:Aleppo
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114:. In
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